Maribyrnong Catchment Region (Including Moonee Ponds Creek) Working Together for Healthy Waterways Acknowledgement of Country Contents

Co-Designed Catchment Program for the Maribyrnong Catchment Region (including Moonee Ponds Creek) Working together for healthy waterways Acknowledgement of Country Contents

The communities, stakeholders and Melbourne Water, who Acknowledgement of Country 1 together are responsible for implementing this Healthy Waterways Strategy, acknowledge and respect Traditional A shared strategy 1 Owners and Aboriginal communities and organisations. We Partners 2 recognise the diversity of their cultures and the deep connections they have with the region’s lands and waters. Overview of the region 3

We value partnerships with them for the health of people Collaborative design (co-design) 5 and Country. Collaborative implementation 7 The communities, stakeholders and Melbourne Water, who together are responsible for implementing this Healthy Understanding the Catchment Program 9 Waterways Strategy, pay their respects to Elders past and present, and we acknowledge and recognise the primacy of Catchment Program 17 Traditional Owners’ obligations, rights and responsibilities to use and care for their traditional lands and waters.

A shared Strategy This Co-Designed Catchment Program supports Our rivers, creeks, wetlands and estuaries are shared the region-wide Strategy by providing a ﬂexible places of enormous significance for Aboriginal culture, framework for managing waterways in the social gathering, the environment and economic Maribyrnong catchment region including productivity. Moonee Ponds Creek (Maribyrnong catchment The community, stakeholders and scientists are telling us region) that takes into account variable climatic our region’s waterways are at a tipping point. Continue as and development conditions and changing we are and we risk further decline in waterway condition community needs. across the region, threatening the significant environmental, social, cultural and economic values our waterways provide. Working collectively toward prioritised objectives and targets offers everyone a way to not only stem the decline but also unlock the significant potential our waterways offer.

The Healthy Waterways Strategy was collaboratively designed, bringing together professional expertise with the lived experience of landholders, community groups, Traditional Owners, developers and other stakeholders, it aims to support collaborative waterways management. Partners

Thank you to all those who collaborated on the development of Office of Danny Pearson MP Member for Essendon the Healthy Waterways Strategy for the Maribyrnong catchment Parks Victoria region: Port Phillip and Westernport CMA Australian Ecosystems Port Phillip EcoCentre Australian Plant Society, Keilor Plains Resilient Melbourne Avondale Heights Community Garden Spiire Brimbank City Council Southern Rural Water Bunurong Land Council St. Albans Historical Society Calibre Consulting Stanley Park Committee of Management City of Melbourne Stormwater Victoria City West Water UDIA Clearwater University of Melbourne Dalton Consulting Engineers Upper Deep Creek Landcare Network DELWP VicRoads E2Designlab Victorian Planning Authority Environment First Villawood Properties Environment Protection Authority Victoria VR Fish Federation Horticulture and Environment Macedon Ranges Maribyrnong Riverkeeper Association Friends of Holden Flora Reserve Western Water Friends of Maribyrnong Valley Wurundjeri Tribe Land and Compensation Cultural Friends of Moonee Ponds Creek Heritage Council Aboriginal Corporation Friends of Steele Creek Glenelg Hopkins CMA Hive architecture Hume City Council Maribyrnong Jacksons Creek EcoNetwork Jacobs Catchment Kensington Association Kensington Community Children’s Cooperative Kororoit Institute Macedon Ranges Shire Council Maribyrnong City Council Maribyrnong River Cruises Melbourne Water Moonee Valley Bicycle Users Group Moonee Valley City Council Moreland City Council Municipal Association of Victoria

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 02 Overview

The catchment includes the 41-kilometre long Maribyrnong Predicted sea level rise will impact the future condition of the River – the second major river in the Port Phillip and region’s estuaries and the values that they can support. Without Westernport Region – which begins on the southern slopes of planning for landward migration of estuarine vegetation, existing the Great Dividing Range, in the Cobaw Ranges. The Moonee ecological values may be lost due to an increasingly saline Ponds Creek sub-catchment (which flows into the Yarra River) environment. has also been included in this section, as it was part of the pilot If current policy and levels of investment are maintained, sub-catchments for the development of this Strategy together without improvement, then it is likely that the Maribyrnong with all sub-catchments in the Maribyrnong (Figure 1). catchment region will experience declines in environmental and The joint catchments cover an area of around 1408 square social values over the next 30 years. There is a real need to take kilometres. About 10 per cent of the Catchment retains its action to avoid an otherwise inevitable decline in waterway natural vegetation, 80 per cent is used for agriculture and health. 10 per cent is urban (confined to greater Melbourne and As the waterway manager for the region, Melbourne Water is larger townships). committed to undertaking its share of this Healthy Waterways People of the Woi wurrung language group were the original Strategy. However, it has been recognised that action by occupants of this land and their descendants place enormous Melbourne Water alone is not sufficient to unlock the full value cultural and spiritual significance on the region’s land and of the region’s waterways, nor stem their decline due to climate, waters. development or land use change. For this Strategy to be effective, it demands collective action from State government, Population modelling shows that the Catchment will increase State regulators such as the Environment Protection Authority, from some 600,000 people to over 800,000 in the next 20 local government and other land managers such as Parks years, which will require an additional 5000 dwellings per year. Victoria. Even more so, it needs collective action by the A drier climate in an increasingly paved landscape poses a very development sector, landholders, Traditional Owners and real threat to the long-term values of the rivers and creeks, community groups. Working together, the full environmental, wetlands and estuaries while at the same time increasing the social, cultural and economic values of the region’s waterways importance of those spaces as a green and cool respite from the can be realised. urban landscape.

Many wetlands are encroached by urban development reducing the wetland area and losing the protection of a buffer of native vegetation. Groundwater-fed wetlands in this catchment are predicted to be most likely impacted by climate change.

1 Maribyrnong River 6 Jacksons Creek 2 Stony Creek 7 Emu Creek 3 Steele Creek 8 Deep Creek Upper 4 Taylors Creek 9 Deep Creek Lower 5 Moonee Ponds Creek 10 Boyd Creek Lanceﬁeld

Newham 8 Romsey Springﬁeld 10 Sub-catchment boundaries

Wetlands Darraweit Guim

Rivers and Creeks Macedon 7

Parks and reserves 9 1 6 Riddels Creek

Gisborne Organ Pipes National Park Wildwood The park is a cultural value as a site of historical and archaeological Sunbury signiﬁcance. You can also enjoy a picnic and a walk to see the unique rock forms and the re-established native plants. Greenvale

Bulla 2 RIVERS – Brimbank Park, Maribyrnong River 5 Native fish species are 3 benefitting from this fishway to assist their passage through the river and 4 encourage effective spawning. 3 Niddrie

5 WETLANDS – Pipemakers Park 4 1 The wetlands provide environmental Sunshine and social value with its extensive 3 native trees, ponds and connecting 2 2 paths to explore. 1

WETLANDS ESTUARIES ESTUARY – Stony Creek Park Backwash and Stony Creek

1 Gisborne Marshlands 1 Stony Creek Estuary The estuary has been highly modiﬁed 2 Greenvale Res Park Wetlands 2 Maribyrnong River Estuary with bank stabilisation to prevent 3 Jacana Wetlands 3 Moonee Ponds Creek ﬂooding and erosion. It was a bluestone 4 Pipemakers Park Wetlands Estuary quarry and now supports patches 5 Queens Park Wetlands of mangrove and saltmarsh.

Figure 1 Sub-catchments and waterway assets including a sub-set of wetlands.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 04 Collaborative design (co-design) Collaboration process

In April 2017, the Catchment Collaborations commenced to develop the refreshed Healthy Waterways Strategy for the Maribyrnong catchment region (Figure 2). The Co-Design April 2017 Maribyrnong Catchment Collaborations commenced process was piloted with the Maribyrnong catchment region and learnings from this process were expanded to the other catchments. Collaboration included interested community members, organisations and agencies. The collaborative task December 2017 was to: Vision, goals and waterways values defined

• Develop a vision and goals for their catchment • Explore issues, opportunities and aspirations within the catchment March 2018 • Identify where efforts and energy might be focused Preliminary targets developed • Develop, refine and provide feedback on preliminary targets for the catchment • Provide feedback on the draft Strategy. March 2018 In developing the Strategy: Feedback and discussion on preliminary targets

• Three pop-up listening posts were held in Essendon, Lancefield and Keilor West • Seven workshops were held with over 131 participants June 2018 Draft Strategy released representing around 64 organisations attending at least one workshop • The YourSay website provided details and updates on the process as well as opportunities to provide input and feedback. June 2018 Feedback and discussion on Draft Strategy

August 2018 Final Strategy

October 2018 Government approval

Figure 2 Collaboration process for Maribyrnong catchment

“Targets should aim for improvement – “Major waterway challenges – strategy would don’t just expect it to remain ‘Very Low’, beneﬁt from a section or sections identifying want to see improvement (especially from what the strategy considers to be the major pollution)” waterway challenges. For example: population increase, development pressures, – from discussion on Stony Creek targets climate change, major planned infrastructure (e.g. outer metro ring road)”

– from discussion on the Draft Strategy from workshop seven

05 VISION

A Maribyrnong (and Moonee Ponds Creek) whose ecological health has significantly improved since 2018. It is accessible, used and valued by the community. Its collaborative management reflects the contributions of Traditional Owners and the broader community.

GOALS

1. Environmental: Management is helping create a preferred future for the Maribyrnong and Moonee Ponds Creek’s environments by assisting species and habitats to change, adapt, move or be replaced as the catchment and climate change. The Maribyrnong River, Moonee Ponds creek and their tributaries are important bio-links – corridors of secure, high quality habitats that allow plants and animals to move and adapt to changes in catchment conditions and climate. Water quality and flows provide for healthy and diverse populations of plants and animals. Stormwater is managed to enhance rather than destroy waterway health. 2. Social: Waterways across the Catchment are places that provide continuous, connected and accessible open spaces for public enjoyment and recreation. 3. Education: Public authorities, community groups and hundreds of individuals across the catchment share their knowledge of the Maribyrnong and take regular action to help pursue this strategy’s goals. Education programs are resourced and coordinated across many organisations that are working or involved within the catchment. 4. Decision-making and action: Long-term monitoring supports adaptive management by tracking progress towards this strategy’s goals. Urban planning decisions make explicit reference to their potential impacts on waterway environments. Victorian planning schemes include overlays to protect the river, its tributaries, floodplains and escarpments. Effects of planning decisions are monitored to support evaluation and learning. Melbourne Water is seen by all parties to the strategy as a successful facilitator, enabler, coordinator and leader.

Waterways of the West partnership arrangements were highlighted, including Grow West and Greening the West. There were also questions about A new Ministerial Advisory Committee (MAC) for Waterways the willingness of agencies to invest over the long term in of the West will work with communities and Traditional Owners maintenance such as weed control. to develop a set of recommendations for government consideration. These may further support the achievement of Collaborators worked together to develop a list of potential this strategy’s vision. These recommendations may draw on the actions across the Maribyrnong catchment region. A sample of lessons from the Stony Creek investigation following the 2018 these actions is included ion the sub-catchment pages of the fire in Footscray. Catchment Program and a full list is included in the Collaborative Design Report. As collaboration progressed participants became What we heard more willing to advocate for the Strategy with 90% agreeing or strongly agreeing to advocate for the Strategy at the final Comments were received via discussions at the workshops, the workshop. YourSay webpage and follow-ups with stakeholders. For the Maribyrnong catchment region, a total of 298 formal comments were received on the preliminary targets with an additional 74 formal comments received on the draft Strategy.

The underlying theme was support for setting ambitious targets and performance objectives at the sub-catchment scale. Participants frequently expressed the need for reduction in litter and management of key threats including pest animals and weeds (e.g. tiger pear and serrated tussock). Existing successful

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 06 Collaborative implementation

Caring for our waterways involves community, Traditional This Healthy Waterways Strategy provides direction to guide Owners, councils, developers, land owners and other regional, catchment and sub-catchment-scale decisions about government agencies. For this Strategy to be effective, it needs the planning, delivery and integration of works (Figure 3). A collective action. Working together, we can realise the full value Regional Leadership Group will be established to govern this of the waterways – environmental, social, cultural and strategy, including ensuring good linkages with related economic. processes and policies and overseeing strategy implementation, reporting and adaptive management. This Strategy proposes systems to share knowledge and information between communities and stakeholders; to Catchment Implementation Forums will be established in each of empower participation and influence waterways management the five catchments to guide collaborative implementation of through capacity building and citizen science. and monitor progress on these Co-Designed Catchment Programs. The work of the forums may also be supported by project People play a major part in ensuring that the Maribyrnong groups, allowing a flexible framework that takes into account catchment region remains a place of natural beauty and variable climatic and development conditions and changing somewhere that people can enjoy. Anyone can get involved by community needs. joining Friends, Landcare or other volunteer groups and becoming part of our committed catchment community.

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Figure 3 Collaborative Governance Model

07 What is a Catchment Implementation Forum? • What the shared challenges are and who should be involved in resolving them Catchment Implementation Forums provide an opportunity for multiple organisations or entities from different sectors • Communication and meeting frequency, existing forums to abandon their own agendas in favour of a common that could support the collaborative implementation of the agenda to tackle deeply entrenched and complex Strategy problems. These types of approaches have been • Discussion and resolutions of points of difference successfully used in the fields of public health and education, to clean up contaminated waterways and to • Joint approaches to solving key issues through agreed-upon reduce and prevent childhood obesity. These successes are actions all based on the concept that large-scale social and environmental change comes from better cross-sector • Coordination of differentiated activities through a mutually coordination rather than from the isolated intervention of reinforcing plan of action individual organisations. • A structured process for effective decision-making, Five conditions are typically required for a catchment including the consideration of new knowledge, threats, risks implementation forum to succeed1: and adaptive management

1. A common agenda • Ways success will be measured and reported

2. Shared measurement systems • Ways to experiment and learn together

3. Mutually reinforcing activities • Engagement with funding organisations towards a long-term process of change that mobilises the 4. Continuous communication organisations and individuals involved to develop solutions themselves 5. Backbone support organisations. • Knowledge gaps. This Strategy offers a common agenda for managing healthy waterways. The Catchment Implementation Forums will determine how best to work together in each 1 Collective Impact: https://ssir.org/articles/entry/collectiveimpact catchment to deliver that agenda, considering:

Monitoring, evaluation and reporting (MER) A detailed monitoring, evaluation and reporting (MER) plan will be developed together with the Catchment Implementation Forums to support adaptive management from planning to Strategy completion. The MER plan will be reviewed, at minimum, on an annual basis to ensure it remains current and relevant to informing adaptive management. The monitoring, evaluation and reporting plan will: • Present the program logic underpinning the Strategy • Clarify the assumptions associated with the program logic and identify strategies to manage potential risks • Identify the key questions for evaluation and establish processes to monitor progress within the framework of the statewide monitoring program • Clarify the communication and reporting needs and identify the processes required to support these needs • Enable lessons learned from monitoring and evaluation to be gathered and inform improvement • Consider the monitoring, evaluation and reporting needs and practices of collaborating organisations • Facilitate synergies with the MER undertaken to support the Regional Catchment Strategy and the Yarra Strategic Plan • Acknowledged and review State of the Bays and State of the Yarra reporting, as they provide relevant benchmark data.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 08 Understanding the Catchment Program Vision Monitoring, 50+ years evaluation Vision and reporting The holistic approach to Monitoring, evaluation Goals waterway management means and reporting 50+ years managing waterways for environmental, social, cultural and economic values. Over the Performance Catchment Goals objectives Communities 10-year implementation period Communities Waterway Implementation values of the Strategy, the shorter-term 1 – 10 years environmental, economic, outcomes (10-year performance actions social, cultural objectives) collectively contribute to either maintaining Waterway Waterway targets Watvaelrwauesy or improving the waterway Performance targets objectives 10+ years conditions, in turn maintaining 1 – 10 years key value and waterway condition targets or improving the status of the key waterway values, and ultimately contributing to the regional and catchment visions Figure 4 Program logic outlining process towards achieving the vision and goals. and goals for waterways.

Waterways – refers collectively to rivers, wetlands Wetlands – areas, whether natural, modified or artificial,subject and estuaries. to permanent or temporary inundation, that hold static or very slow moving water and develop, or have the potential to Rivers – refers to rivers, creeks, and smaller tributaries, develop, biota adapted to inundation and the aquatic including the water, bed, banks, and adjacent land (known as environment. They may be fresh or saline. Examples of wetlands riparian land). include swamps or billabongs.

Estuaries – are where a river meets the sea, including the lower section of a river that experiences tidal flows where freshwater and saline (salty) water mix together. For this Strategy, the definition of an estuary is that it must be at least 1 kilometre in length or have a lagoon greater than 300 metres in length. The downstream extent of an estuary is where the banks of the river end and the waterway meets the bay or ocean.

09 Cultural and Economic Waterway Value

Cultural Values Economic Values The cultural values of waterways are based on the physical and Good waterway condition provides the essential building block spiritual connection of people to land and waters. Cultural for liveability2 , growth and prosperity. River catchments values are both contemporary and ancient. Aboriginal provide water for Victoria’s 6.5 million people and support Traditional Owners have lived in this region for tens of agriculture, recreational fishing and commercial industries. thousands of years, and have connection with the landscape Recognising the economic values of waterways is essential to and waterways through significant places, artefacts, language, appreciating the wide scope of ecosystem services – the stories and traditions. benefits that humans receive from nature.

The land and waters of this region hold deep spiritual and Streams and reservoirs in the upper and middle parts of the cultural significance for Aboriginal Peoples. The people of the catchment provide water supply for a range of agricultural Woi wurrung language group were the original occupants of this enterprises. land, as evidenced by the thousands of cultural sites and places recorded, most near watercourses. Ancient and very rare sites with earthen rings can be found in the hills near Sunbury. 2 AECOM Australia, 2012, ‘Economic Assessment of the Urban Heat Island Effect and Vegetation Cover on Urban Heat Using Remote Sensing’, While European settlers and subsequent waves of migrants City of Melbourne website, accessed on 25 July 2018: https://www. have a comparatively short history of a couple of hundred years, melbourne.vic.gov.au they too have forged cultural and spiritual connections which are important to them.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 10 Environmental and Social Waterway Values

Environmental Values Social Values Environmentally, waterways provide habitat for plants and animals, Socially, waterways are important for our wellbeing. They provide and are critically important in sustaining much of our region’s places to escape the busy urban landscape, to bird watch, to fish native biodiversity. Environmental values underpin all other for food, to actively commute, to meet with friends and family, to waterway values. exercise and to connect with nature. They provide cool and shady spaces during hot weather, and water for swimming and boating. In the Maribyrnong catchment region there are over 350 bird species recorded of which 95 species are riparian specialists. The In the Maribyrnong catchment region social values for streams are overall score for fish is low with threatened freshwater species currently high. Social values for estuaries range from moderate to including Australian grayling, Yarra pygmy perch and the Australian very high. There is currently no data for social values of wetlands. mudfish. Threatened frog species include the growling grass frog, Social values are based on data from a Melbourne Water survey, Bibron’s toadlet and the southern toadlet. Community Perceptions of Waterways. Participants from the greater Melbourne area gave feedback on how and why they use Much of the higher vegetation and macroinvertebrate value areas waterways and their level of satisfaction. Social values are are in the forested upper catchment with degradation increasing threatened by inappropriate urban development, poor towards the lower reaches. environmental condition, poor access to waterways, and pollution. Platypus have been observed in the lower reaches of Jacksons Creek near Sunbury, Deep Creek Upper and Lower, and in the Maribyrnong River near the junctions with these creeks with likely presences in other streams.

11 Waterway Targets

Key Values Assumptions and limitations: A sub-set of nine key values have been chosen in this Strategy as 1. Although some animals such as turtles, lizards, freshwater representative measures of waterway values (Figure 5). Not all crayfish or small mammals such as bandicoots and water rats are features of waterways can be effectively assessed and tracked, so not amongst the key values, they are still an important part of these nine were chosen by science and collaborative teams on the waterway-associated biodiversity. It is assumed that when basis of: waterway management addresses these nine chosen ‘key values’, it will also be managing for other species and values. However, • their importance to the community there may be cases where this does not hold true. Further research • their ability to represent the range of environmental and and understanding of the representativeness of these indicators is social values. therefore still required. The understanding is that improving key values will in turn improve 2. Cultural and economic values are only considered at a regional the environmental, social, cultural and economic waterway values, scale. Over the life of the strategy, more research and development thereby paving the way to achieving the overarching vision of the of cultural and economic value may be achieved, and key values Strategy. will be reviewed to ensure they remain relevant. 3. A metric to measure the macroinvertebrate value of wetlands and estuaries will be developed during the implementation period of the strategy.

Amenity – the Community Recreation – Birds – all types of Fish – freshwater pleasantness of connection – waterways provide a bird species, including and estuarine species waterways and their Waterways connect setting for active and waterbirds, raptors ability to provide a the community with passive recreational and bush birds restorative escape nature and each other activities

Frogs – native Macroinvertebrates Platypus – unique Vegetation – e.g. amphibians – small but visible and iconic aquatic trees, shrubs, animals without a mammal grasses, bulrushes skeleton (e.g. insects, crustaceans)

FigureFigure 5 4Nine Nine key key values values of thisof this Strategy Strategy

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 12 Waterway Conditions

Waterway condition refers to the overall state of the waterway, and key processes that underpin well-functioning waterway ecosystems. Waterway conditions support the waterway values (environmental, social, cultural and economic values). Improvements in waterway conditions in turn improve the waterways values and the benefits that can be derived from that waterway. Rivers, wetlands and estuaries have a different set of conditions that support their specific environmental values, and these are summarised in Figure 6.

The conditions supporting environmental key values for rivers The conditions supporting environmental key values for are outlined below. wetlands are outlined below.

Vegetation condition: Refers to the extent Stormwater condition: that the ‘natural’ wetland vegetation are The impact of stormwater on waterways. intact or displaced and modified.

Wetland buffer condition: Wetland buffer Physical form: Physical attributes such as is native vegetation above the maximum shape, size and sediment characteristics. inundation extent.

Wetland water quality: Considers changed Water for the environment: Water that water properties within the wetland including is managed to support waterway values. nutrients, salinity regime and disturbance of acid sulphate soils.

Vegetation quality: The quality of vegetation Water regime: Considers changes to the relative to Ecological Vegetation Classes wetland water regime, including those that (EVCs) ‘benchmarks’. impact the flow regime of the wetland water source, interfere with the natural connectivity of flow to the wetland, involve disposal of water Vegetation extent: Extent of continuous into the wetland or extraction of water from the indigenous vegetation cover within wetland and changed wetland depth. a defined width either side of the river.

Instream connectivity: Wetland habitat form: Considers the Ability of uninhibited fish passage. extent that the wetland area has been reduced through levees, diversions, etc., and the extent that the wetland bed has been altered through excavation and Water quality – environmental: Water quality land-forming activities. indicators such as nutrients, water clarity, dissolved oxygen, salinity, pH and metals.

13 Rivers and Creeks Performance Objectives

The conditions supporting environmental key values for The conditions supporting social key values for rivers are estuaries are outlined below. outlined below3.

Flow regime: Changes from ‘natural Access: Accessibility to and along conditions’ to the flow regime. waterways and corridors.

Tidal exchange: The ability of sea water and Recreational water quality: The waterway fresh water to mix in the estuarine water quality suitable for primary and environment. secondary contact recreation.

Longitudinal extent: Considers the proportion Vegetation extent: Extent of continuous of estuary affected by constructed barriers indigenous vegetation cover within a defined that interfere with the movement of water width either side of the river. (in a typical year).

Water quality: Water quality indicators Litter absence: Litter detracts from such as nutrients, water clarity (turbidity), people’s enjoyment of waterways dissolved oxygen, pH and metals. and can be detrimental to wildlife.

Estuarine vegetation: The extent to which Participation: Amount of participation estuarine vegetation extent and condition in waterway stewardship activities. is modified.

Estuarine wetland connectivity: The proportion of the estuary that Figure 6 Waterway conditions that underpin key values is connected to its fringing wetlands.

Assumptions and limitations: 4. Waterway conditions are relatively well understood and can be assessed for their contribution to environmental values. Waterway conditions for social values are less well understood, and are represented by only five measures for all waterways. 5. The assessment of the current status and setting of targets for litter in the Strategy has been limited by a lack of survey data specific to waterways across the region.

3 Conditions to support the social values of estuaries and wetlands will be further developed during the implementation of the Strategy, as we test our understanding of the links between social values, conditions that support those and actions on the ground.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 14 Performance Objectives

Performance objectives are measures that guide progress towards Current Trajectory the waterway targets, values and ultimately the goals and vision. This scenario represents the expected change in waterway health if They may define an area of land that must be revegetated, or a current programs and approaches continue, otherwise referred to as number of fish barriers that need to be removed from rivers. the ‘business as usual’ approach. Performance objectives: This scenario indicates a worsening of key values across the majority • are outcome-based, and not actions of the region’s waterways. • enable a partnership approach A key learning from this scenario is that even with the extensive existing effort and resources contributed by waterway managers, • are quantitative, measureable and achievable in 10 years agencies and the community, it will be extremely difficult to maintain • inform short-term management aims through annual planning all the waterway values everywhere. This knowledge provides a processes definitive call to action, and confirms that aligned, increased and collaborative efforts will be required over the next 10 years. • describe where they link to environmental conditions Target Trajectory • are underpinned by transparent and best available information and knowledge This scenario represents what can be achieved with an increase in coordinated, collaborative and prioritised effort. It is the scenario that • are able to be assessed without needing to measure waterway values the Strategy partners have agreed is required. Maintaining, and and condition outcomes on every asset. where possible improving, waterway health is what the Healthy Performance objectives provide short term, tangible outcomes, Waterways Strategy proposes to achieve. This ‘target trajectory’ which indicate progress towards less tangible, long term outcomes. includes assumptions on policy allowing increased standards for stormwater management, increased resources for waterway management, willingness to take collaborative actions, and that it is Trajectories feasible to establish continuous vegetation buffers along the majority of waterways. In order to understand how improving waterway values might contribute to long-term targets, two planning scenarios were The current status and trajectories for key values and waterway prepared and tested for each waterway; the current trajectory and conditions are displayed on a scale ranging from very low to very the target trajectory. The scenarios estimate the likely waterway high. Further detail about the rankings for each key value or outcomes with two different levels of management effort, policy and waterway condition is included at the end of this Co-Designed climate variables. Catchment Program. Figure 8 shows the score key and compares the current status and trajectories of a sample key value. Further These trajectories demonstrate that a step-change in waterway information on the matrix scales is included at the end of the management is required over the next 10 years, to prevent broad document. scale loss of waterway values. Many assumptions have been built into the scenario planning, including that climate change predictions will affect our waterways and that the current urban growth boundary will reach ‘ultimate’ development within the next 50 years.

Understanding the trajectories

Current Current Target Description state trajectory trajectory

Physical form is the degree of geomorphic naturalness combined with likelihood of erosion Mod. Low High occurring along bed or banks of waterways. The current state is moderate and the target is high.

Score key: Very High High Moderate Low Very Low

15 Lanceﬁeld

Newham

Springﬁeld Romsey

Darraweit Guim

Macedon

Riddells Creek

Gisborne

Wildwood

Sunbury

Bulla Greenvale

Calder Park Urban growth boundary

Stormwater priority areas Glenroy Wetlands Keilor Park Parks and reserves Niddrie Sub-catchment boundaries

Rivers, creeks and drains Township

Vegetation buffers to Fish barrier to remove Footscray establish or maintain (over next 10 years)

High quality vegetation Fish barrier to remove (over to maintain next 50 years)

Figure 7 Summary of priorities in the Maribyrnong catchment region Note: This map does not show headwater streams, some minor tributaries, waterbodies on private land or wetlands greater than one hectare.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 16 17

- Healthy Waterways Strategy Waterways - Healthy Maribyrnong

including the Maribyrnong including the Maribyrnong Healthy Waterways Strategy Waterways Healthy This section provides: This in the catchments region catchment and a sub-set of wetlands all of the sub-catchments, for conditions region catchment estuaries in the Maribyrnong on Information region. catchment estuaries in the Maribyrnong and three its respective following immediately and estuaries is listed the wetlands sub-catchment A summary of priorities in the Maribyrnong catchment region (Figure 7) (Figure region catchment A summary of priorities in the Maribyrnong major all five that apply across objectives performance Regional and waterway values key objectives, A summary of the performance wetlands sub-set of five sub-catchments, all ten for Detailed information metrics condition and waterway value about the key information Further Catchment Program for the the for Program Catchment Region Catchment Maribyrnong Creek) Moonee Ponds (including

• • • • •

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- Healthy Waterways Strategy Waterways - Healthy Maribyrnong monitoring, evaluation and reporting (MER) 2023. by Healthy Waterways Strategy Traditional Owners and Aboriginal Victorians have an increased expertise in contemporary land and waterway management, waterway science and lore. Partnership projects build on what is working. Expertise developed in one project is applied in others. Traditional Owner groups and Aboriginal Victorians are supported industry by partners influence to the agenda for waterway management proactively by developing communications, resolutions or project scopes and seeking industry partners. Aboriginal and Traditional Owner cultural awareness training is available all to industry professionals and is actively pursued. Cultural competency is valued as a career skill and leads ongoing to relationships. Partnerships are fostered between Traditional Owner groups and research groups, and Traditional Owner groups and community groups. Public events led organised and/or Traditional by Owners are regular and frequent. Environmental-economic accounts are developed for the region’s waterways using contemporary international standards, and are used demonstrate to the returns on catchment and waterway investment. Environmental-economic accounting is incorporated into Cultural Values Cultural Values Economic RPO-1. RPO-2. RPO-3. RPO-4. RPO-5. RPO-6. RPO-7. RPO-8. RPO-9. Regional Performance Objectives

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 18 19

- Healthy Waterways Strategy Waterways - Healthy Maribyrnong An adaptive pathways approach is adopted understand to and manage the risks of climate change on waterways. Understanding of groundwater dependent ecosystems is improved and opportunities maintain to or improve these continue be to investigated. forWater the Environment continues be to managed and delivered the to region’s rivers and wetlands and recovery options continue be to investigated. Industry capacity for whole of water cycle and stormwater management is increased enable to collaboration, improved access information to and knowledge, and a skilful and capable industry with strong established networks. Standards, tools and guidelines are in place and implemented enable to reuse and infiltration of excess stormwater, and protect restore and/or urban waterways. Victoria’s planning system is used effectively protect to and enhance waterway corridors. Protection mechanisms are in place for headwaters ensure to that they are retained as features in the landscape for environmental, social, cultural and economic benefits. qualityWater in waterways and bays is improved reducing by inputs of sediment and other pollutants from urban construction and development. Critical waterway health assets including stormwater treatment systems, fishways and erosion control structures are maintained for their designed purpose or same outcomes delivered alternative by means. Options transform to modified waterways creating by more natural, community-loved spaces are identified and implemented. The amenity, community connection and recreation values of wetlands are better understood. Performance objectives are developed enhance to these values. The multiple benefits of waterways investment are tracked and understood. Cooler, greener and more liveable urban environments are created through revegetation and as part of managing excess stormwater. The potential impacts of emerging contaminants of concern such as microplastics, pesticides and pharmaceuticals, and chemicals toxic are better understood and mechanisms respond to collaboratively developed. Risk based programs are in place mitigate to sources of urban pollution (licenced and unlicensed discharges) protect to bays and waterways. Programs, standards, tools and guidelines are in place manage to nutrients, sediments and other pollutants from rural land in priority areas. Region-wide threats to waterway values RPO-10. RPO-11. RPO-12. RPO-13. RPO-14. RPO-15. RPO-16. RPO-17. RPO-18. RPO-19. RPO-20. RPO-21. RPO-22. RPO-23. RPO-24. RPO-25. Regional Performance Objectives continued

19 20

at - Healthy Waterways Strategy Waterways - Healthy Maribyrnong Healthy Waterways Strategy and Waterways Lab are evaluated, through ongoing feedback, and one interim and one final are established support to work towards the vison and goals of the Catchment Implementation Forums Catchment Implementation Forums Methods are in place assess to volume and source of litter inform to and promote litter reduction programs. Incidence of littering and illegal dumping is reduced through raised community awareness and knowledge, infrastructure and enforcement. Seasonal Herbaceous Wetland vegetation communities are identified and a management program is in place protect to them on public and private land. Programs, standards, tools and guidelines are in place protect to wetland vegetation communities from urban and rural threats, including adequate planning controls. Climate change resilient revegetation management practices are understood and implemented selecting by plant species, provenances and vegetation communities that are suited projected to future climatic conditions. A risk-based approach is adopted prevent, to eradicate and contain pest plants and animals (including and deer) protect waterway assets. Programs are in place protect to and enhance sites of biodiversity significance associated with the region’s waterways, such as through Melbourne Sites Water’s of Biodiversity Significance Strategy. A Region-wide Leadership Group and the regional and catchment scales. Waterway Labs are established as needed tackle to complex or region-wide priorities. The effectiveness of the Leadership Group, assessment during the life of the Strategy. The Catchment Implementation Forums improve the coordination of information and activities catchment by stakeholders and communities ensuring (while waterway management includes the whole of catchment perspective). Region-wide threats to waterway values framework governance Supporting RPO-26. RPO-27. RPO-28. RPO-29. RPO-30. RPO-31. RPO-32. RPO-33. RPO-34. RPO-35. RPO-36. Regional Performance Objectives

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 20 21

- Healthy Waterways Strategy Waterways - Healthy Maribyrnong (by 30 (by June 2020). Catchment Implementation Forums Healthy Waterways Strategy. Waterways Healthy performance objectives and Targets. Healthy Waterways Strategy Waterways Healthy Participation rates in education, capacity building, incentive programs and citizen science activities have increased and enable greater levels of environmental stewardship for our waterways. messages,Key stories and resources for waterways and waterway health are collaboratively developed and broadly distributed, increasing community knowledge and engagement around waterways. Systems and pathways share to knowledge and information between communities and stakeholders have been developed and expanded empower to communities to participate and influence waterway management example (for digital portals, social media, Communities of Practice, signage programs). The profile of waterways is lifted, local connections waterways to are increased and leaders in waterway management are celebrated and fostered. A monitoring, evaluation and reporting plan is in place 30 by June 2019. Wetland condition information and prioritisation, with a focus on vulnerable wetlands, is understood and informs collaborative planning. The social values framework, information and methods used develop to values assessments, targets and performance objectives are further developed and improved during the life of the strategy. Web-based systems are established report to performance and measure outcomes of the Research partnerships with universities and other research institutions are in place address to the Research Key Areas and build our knowledge and capacity to efficiently and effectively achieve the Engaged and knowledgeable community and stakeholders community Engaged and knowledgeable Management and Reporting Adaptive Gaps and Research Knowledge C of the in Part can be found objectives performance on these regional information Further RPO-37. RPO-38. RPO-39. RPO-40. RPO-41. RPO-42. RPO-43. RPO-44. RPO-45. Regional Performance Objectives continued

21 Maribyrnong Catchment Region (including Moonee Ponds Creek) Overview This overview presents a summary of the performance objectives, key values and waterway conditions for the rivers, a sub-set of wetlands and estuaries for the Maribyrnong Catchment Region (including Moonee Ponds Creek).

Overview of Performance Objectives for Rivers

Progressively implement stormwater harvesting, focusing on rural townships such as Lancefield, Romsey, Macedon and Mt Macedon and new urban areas such as Sunbury. Once this catchment has reached its anticipated long-term urban footprint (2050), this will require around 15 GL/year of stormwater harvested and 3.9 GL/year infiltrated. Ensure directly connected imperviousness (DCI) levels in these priority catchments do not increase beyond current levels and headwater streams are retained as features in the landscape for environmental and social benefits.

Investigate options to increase the environmental water reserve by 5 GL/year by 2028 to meet ecological watering objectives and cover projected shortfalls. This will benefit Jacksons Creek and the lower Maribyrnong River. Any water ecovery for the environment will be considered through the Victorian SWSs, markets and use of alternative water.

Protect refuge reaches and key flow components to support instream values including platypus.

Reduce the key threat of flow stress on waterways by addressing factors such as domestic, stock and agricultural uses, climate change, diversions or urbanisation.

Establish 407 km and maintain 297 km of continuous vegetated buffers (using EVC benchmarks and to at least a level 3 vegetation quality) along at least 80 per cent of priority reaches.

Maintain 74 km of high and very high quality vegetation (vegetation quality levels 4 and 5) through effective monitoring and management of threats.

Investigate and mitigate threats to physical form (eg erosion) and other high values in the Boyd Creek, Deep Creek Lower, Deep Creek Upper, Emu Creek, Jacksons Creek and Moonee Ponds Creek sub- catchments.

Increase access to and along waterways by 36 km by improving connections with existing path networks and extending paths into new urban area. Investigate opportunities to improve access for on-water activities.

Reduce nutrient and sediment runoff from rural land through improved management of 530 ha of land including works to protect and increase vegetation along headwater streams.

Provide connectivity for fish along major waterways through the removal of two more barriers by 2028. This will improve fish passage from the estuary to the mid-catchment and along Deep Creek.

Conserve all currently listed water dependent species and communities (10 fauna species, 41 flora species and 25 EVCs) through habitat protection, research and monitoring.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 22 Maribyrnong Catchment Region (including Moonee Ponds Creek) Overview - Rivers

Current Current Target Score key: Very Low Low Moderate (mod.) High Very High state trajectory trajectory

Birds score for rivers is moderate overall. There are over 350 bird species recorded, of which 95 species are considered riparian specialists and two are mod. mod. mod. considered threatened: Latham’s snipe and the eastern great egret. Today, bird values are high in Deep Creek Upper and Boyd Creek, but low in Emu Creek and Steele Creek. Birds scores are considered likely to decline over time. The target is to maintain to moderate.

Fish score is low overall, with 13 native and nine exotic freshwater species recorded. These include the threatened freshwater species Australian grayling, Yarra low low mod. pygmy perch and Australian mudfish. Fish score is considered likely to improve over time. The target is to improve from low to moderate.

Frogs score is moderate overall, which means not many of the expected species are to be found today. Threatened species recorded in the catchment include mod. low mod. growling grass frog, Bibron’s toadlet and southern toadlet. Frogs score is considered likely to decline with time unless the performance objectives outlined in this Strategy are achieved. The target is to maintain at moderate.

Macroinvertebrates score is moderate, with values higher in forested headwaters and decreasing towards the lower reaches, which are increasingly impacted mod. low high by urban runoff. Macroinvertebrates score is considered unlikely to improve with time unless the performance objectives outlined in this Strategy are achieved. The target is to improve from moderate to high.

very Platypus have been observed in the lower reaches of Jacksons Creek near Sunbury, Emu Creek Lower, Deep Creek Upper and Lower, and in the Maribyrnong mod. mod. River near the junctions with these creeks. Platypus score is considered likely to decline from moderate to very low unless the performance objectives outlined low in this Strategy are achieved. Target is to maintain current score and populations.

very Vegetation score varies, with upper forested areas very high due to extensive high quality vegetation, and other parts of the catchment low to very low due to low mod. low land clearing and urban development. Overall score is low and likely to decline under the current trajectory. The target is to improve from low to moderate. KEY VALUES (10-50 YEAR TARGETS) YEAR (10-50 KEYVALUES

high mod. high Amenity score, which is based on level of satisfaction, is currently high but likely to decline in the long term. The target is to maintain as high.

very Community connection score, which is based on level of satisfaction, is currently high but likely to decline in the long term. The target is to improve to very high mod. high high.

very high mod. Recreation score, which is based on level of satisfaction, is currently high but likely to decline in the long term. The target is to improve to very high. high

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 23 Current Current Target state trajectory trajectory Score key: Very Low Low Moderate (mod.) High Very High

Stormwater Condition is measured by directly connected imperviousness (DCI), which is the proportion of the impervious surface in the catchment that is mod. mod. high directly connected to a stream through a conventional drainage connection. The current state is moderate and the target is high.

Physical form is the degree of geomorphic naturalness combined with likelihood of erosion occurring along bed or banks of waterways. The current state is mod. low mod. moderate and the target is moderate.

Water for environment indicates compliance with flow requirements of freshwater river systems. These are identified through FLOWS method, or (where there mod. low high is no flow study) Flow Stress Ranking (FSR), which indicates the level of threat to river health based on the level of water extractions by rural, urban and industry users. The current state is moderate and the target is high.

Vegetation Quality is a description of quality of vegetation relative to Ecological Vegetation Classes (EVCs) and accounting for grassland or sparsely treed mod. low mod. woodland communities which do not exhibit 100 per cent canopy cover. The current state is moderate and the target is moderate.

Vegetation Extent denotes the percentage of reach that has continuous indigenous vegetation cover within 20 metres either side of the stream. The current low low high state is low and the target is high.

Instream Connectivity is measured by the proportion of waterway length within the sub-catchment that is free from barriers to fish movement. The current low low mod. state is low and the target is moderate.

Water Quality (Environmental) indicates compliance with the State Environment Protection Policy (SEPP) Waters of Victoria environmental water quality mod. low mod. objectives (EPA Water Quality Index) using the Yarra and Bay Report Card Scoring Method. The current state is moderate and the target is moderate.

Access to the waterway and riparian corridor supports a range of on water, in water and beside water experiences and is an enabling condition for all three low low mod. social values. The current state is low and the target is moderate. WATERWAY CONDITIONS (10+ YEAR TARGETS) YEAR (10+ CONDITIONS WATERWAY Litter Absence is a strong indicator of stream health – clean waterways are healthy waterways and aesthetically pleasing. Litter detracts from the sense of high mod. high naturalness and creates a perception that a place is uncared for. It also detracts from the enjoyment of active and passive recreation. The current state is high and the target is high.

Water Quality (Recreational) is critical to minimise human health risks. Exposure to pathogens (disease causing microorganisms) via primary (e.g. swimming) high mod. high and/or secondary (e.g boating) can lead to illness. Water quality guidelines set water standards for primary and secondary contact. The current state is high and the target is high.

very Participation in waterway management creates and enhances a sense of community. Similarly, citizen science strengthens social capital by increasing mod. low knowledge of environmental / ecosystem services, skills and capacities, allowing people to meet and enhance social networks. The current state is moderate high and the target is very high.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 24 Maribyrnong Catchment Region (including Moonee Ponds Creek) Overview - Wetlands

Overview of Performance Objectives for Wetlands

Investigate opportunities to improve wetland water regime to meet ecological watering objectives, improve ecosystem services, and cultural and social values.

Reduce the threat of invasive plants on wetland vegetation communities.

Improve the buffer of native vegetation surrounding key wetlands.

Develop understanding of the amenity, community connection and recreation values of wetlands and develop performance objectives to enhance these values.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 25 Maribyrnong Catchment Region (including Moonee Ponds Creek) Overview - Wetlands

Current Current Target state trajectory trajectory Score key: Very Low Low Moderate (mod.) High Very High very very Wetland bird score is currently very low across the catchment. Some improvements to wetland water regime, habitat form and vegetation condition may low improve the score in some areas. However, the impacts of climate change and reduced periods of wetlands inundation, and the extensive urban growth in the low low catchment will continue to provide risk to birds. The overall target is to improve from very low to low.

n/a n/a n/a Fish Very little data exists for wetland fish and a metric for wetland fish in this region will be developed through the Strategy implementation.

Frogs score for wetlands is currently low and is predicted to remain low, as decreased frequency and duration of wetlands inundation will affect the frog low low mod.

KEY VALUES KEYVALUES community. However, improvements to wetland water regime, habitat form and vegetation condition will enable the frog score to increase to moderate.

Wetland vegetation score is currently very low overall. Decreased frequency and duration of wetland inundation will impact the vegetation condition. However, (10-50 YEAR TARGETS) YEAR (10-50 very very low improvements to wetland water regime, habitat form and vegetation condition will somewhat mitigate the predicted impacts of climate change and urban low low growth and enable the vegetation score to increase to low for wetlands.

very very low Water regime is associated with changes to the flow regime such as interference with natural connectivity. The current state is very low and the target is low. low low

low low low Wetland habitat form considers the extent that the wetland area has been reduced through levee, diversions etc. The current state is low and the target is low.

very very low Wetland buffer condition is the native vegetation above the maximum inundation extent. The current state is very low and the target is low. low low

very very mod. Vegetation condition refers to the extent of 'natural' wetland vegetation is intact. The current state is very low and the target is moderate. (10+ YEAR TARGETS) YEAR (10+ low low WATERWAY CONDITIONS CONDITIONS WATERWAY very very low Wetland water quality considers the changed water properties within the wetland. The current state is very low and the target is low. low low

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 26 Maribyrnong Catchment Region (including Moonee Ponds Creek) Overview - Estuaries

Overview of Performance Objectives for Estuaries Protect remnant estuarine vegetation communities, particularly coastal saltmarsh, through targeting key invasive plant species.

Enhance estuarine emergent vegetation condition that provides instream habitat.

Reduce threat of invasive plant species to significant estuarine vegetation communities.

Investigate opportunities to improve access for on-water activities, and improve connections with existing path networks.

Maintain recreational water quality within the Maribyrnong estuary so that it suitable for secondary contact (boating and fishing)

Enhance site appropriate opportunities for recreation (boating, fishing, walking/cycling).

Enhance site appropriate facilities that support passive enjoyment and recreation.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 27 Maribyrnong Catchment Region (including Moonee Ponds Creek) Overview - Estuaries

Current Current Target state trajectory trajectory Score key: Very Low Low Moderate (mod.) High Very High

very very very Estuary birds score for estuaries is currently very low. The estuaries are fringed by highly urban environments and the predicted climate change impacts will low low low further erode suitable wetland bird habitat.

Fish score for estuaries is high and is predicted to remain high in the long term. A good diversity of estuarine dependent species inhabits the estuaries and are high high high likely to remain. There are also several estuarine species, including black bream, yellow-eye mullet and mulloway.

very very Estuarine vegetation score is currently very low and likely to continue to decline. Adopting some climate change adaption strategies may mitigate some of the low risk to estuarine vegetation and improve the vegetation value score to low. The estuaries are fringed by highly urbanised environments allowing little potential low low for estuarine vegetation communities to migrate into more favourable less saline conditions.

Amenity score is moderate with a current trajectory of moderate. Increased tracks, pathways and other facilities, along with improvements to estuarine mod. mod. high vegetation are predicted to improve the amenity score to high.

very very very Community connection score is very high and will remain very high. Community groups are active for estuaries in this catchment. high high high KEY VALUES (10-50 YEAR TARGETS) YEAR (10-50 KEYVALUES mod. mod. high Recreation score is moderate with a current trajectory to maintain at moderate. The target is to increase to high.

very very low Flow regime relates to the degree of change from 'natural conditions'. The current state is very low and the target is low. low low

very very very Tidal exchange is associated the ability of sea water and freshwater to mix in the estuarine environment. The current state is very high and the target is very high high high high.

mod. high high Longitudinal extent is assoicated with barriers that interfere with the movement of water. The current state is moderate and the target is high.

very very mod. Water Quality incorporates compliance with the EPA Victoria's water quality guidelines for estuaries. The current state is very low and the target is moderate. low low

very very Estuarine vegetation is associated with the extent to which estuarine vegetation extent and condition is modified. The current state is very low and the target low low low is low.

very very Estuarine wetland connectivity relates to the proportion of the estuary that is connected to its fringing wetlands. The current state is very low and the target is low low low low. WATERWAY CONDITIONS (10+ YEAR TARGETS) YEAR (10+ CONDITIONS WATERWAY

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 28 29

- Healthy Waterways Strategy Waterways - Healthy Maribyrnong Healthy Waterways Strategy. Waterways Healthy ectively and have good relationships to get things done. I’ve been opinionated and encouraged and thrilled and thrilled and encouraged been opinionated done. I’ve get things to good relationships and have ectively f Further information on these regional performance objectives can be found in Part C of the in Part can be found objectives performance on these regional information Further “You have to work with people e people with work to have “You process.” collaborative the by Valley of Maribyrnong and Friends Creek of Moonee Ponds member of Friends Smith, active – Tony ideas have and the together all parties brought you’ve where here process collaborative a wonderful had such because we’ve “It is possible, way land is used, the way in the change for can advocate we at how can look we problem, a commitment and consensus on the generated future in the so that our creeks hold to can advocate we at how can look We community. of the in some sectors asa commodity is treated water healthily.” more live may they of the West and Rivers Creek of Steele Friends for spokesperson den Berg, – Helen van

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 22 30 - Healthy Waterways Strategy Waterways - Healthy Maribyrnong The following section presents detailed information for all ten sub-catchments sub-catchments all ten for detailed information section presents following The and on the wetlands estuaries. Information and three wetlands including five sub-catchment. the respective following immediately estuaries is listed Lower Deep Creek Upper Deep Creek Emu Creek Creek Jacksons Creek Boyd River Maribyrnong Creek Moonee Ponds Creek Steele Creek Stony Creek Taylors and value about the key information Further metrics. condition waterway Gisborne Marshlands Wetlands Park Pipemakers Estuary River Maribyrnong Wetlands Park Reservoir Greenvale Jacana Wetlands Wetlands Queens Park Estuary Creek Moonee Ponds Estuary (PPB) Creek Stony

• • • • • • • •

23 Deep Creek Lower Sub-catchment

Description Deep Creek rises near Newham in the Macedon Ranges and flows through the rural townships of Lancefield, Romsey and Darraweit Guim before joining Jacksons Creek at Bulla to become the Maribyrnong River. The lower Deep Creek catchment commences near Romsey. The two main tributaries in this area are Five Mile and Konagaderra creeks. The Deep Creek Lower sub- catchment has no areas of formal significance. It has limited areas of naturalness as a result of current and past landuse.

Actions The quotes below are a snapshot of actions that were brainstormed during the co-design process. These actions are provided to help spark creative thinking towards achieving the Performance Objectives. A full list of actions is available in the Collaborative Design Report.

"Landcare projects for biolinks – Romsey - Darraweit Guim - Bulla (fence and revegetation)"

"Rural land program – effluent management etc." MAP

"Landholders guide to protecting environmental values and sustainable land use"

"Protect drought refuge habitats and improve environmental flows"

How to read the scores Current state - current score of waterway key values and waterway conditions Current trajectory - long-term scores if current policies and effort continue Target trajectory - targets for the long-term scores to be achieved through implementing the Strategy

Score key: Very Low Low Moderate (mod.) High Very High

For description of scores see metrics tables at end of document

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 31 Deep Creek Lower Performance Objectives ID Condition Supported Performance Objectives

Maintain or achieve high and very high quality vegetation (level 4 and 5 vegetation quality is currently 9 km) along Deep Creek and tributaries through effective 1 Vegetation Quality monitoring and management of threats including protection of endangered EVCs. Fill data gaps in mapping of high quality vegetation.

Improve stormwater condition by treating existing and future urban development from Darraweit Guim so directly connected imperviousness (DCI) is below 1% 2 Stormwater condition prior to connection to Deep Creek. For every hectare of impervious area, this requires harvesting around 4.0 ML/y and infiltrating 0.8 ML/y.

Establish a continuous riparian vegetated buffer (39 km, 154 ha) and maintain existing vegetation (39 km, 157 ha) along priority reaches (using EVC benchmarks 3 Vegetation Extent to at least a level 3 vegetation quality).

4 Water for Environment Identify and implement opportunities to maintain or improve the flow regime in refuge reaches to support platypus and Yarra pygmy perch populations.

Improve access to and along waterways through extending Maribyrnong River Trail to Bulla and by additional paths and access points in townships and larger 5 Access parks (about 5km of path).

Increase participation rates from high to very high; support community groups, connect with growth area communities and build capacity of land owners 6 Participation through rural programs.

7 Physical form Investigate and mitigate threats to physical form (e.g. erosion) and other high values (particularly along tributaries).

8 * Please also refer to the regional Performance Objectives that apply to all sub-catchments.

Notes: 9

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 32 Deep Creek Lower Sub-catchment

Current Current Target state trajectory trajectory

Birds (riparian) is moderate, which means most expected species occur but some of these only infrequently. Protecting and improving riparian habitat will be mod. mod. mod. balanced against adverse effects of land use intensification and climate change driven reductions in flow volumes and durations/seasonality and, potentially, water quality. Birds is likely to remain moderate overall. Fish are currently rated as low due to a lack of suitable habitat (instream and riparian) and barriers to migration along the Maribyrnong River. The increased very low mod. current trajectory score is due to climate change increasing habitat suitability for common and widespread species. Improvements to vegetation, flows, water high quality and instream connectivity will improve habitat for a wider range of species and increase the score to very high in the long term. There are currently no known listed species in the sub-catchment.

Frogs score is high since many of the expected species were recorded. With targeted management score can be maintained despite impacts of land use high low high intensification and climate change. Significant species include growling grass frog, southern toadlet and brown (Bibron’s) toadlet.

Macroinvertebrates is moderate due to a lack of suitable instream and riparian habitat, flows and water quality, with a current trajectory of decline to low. mod. low high Improvements to urban stormwater and rural land management will increase score to high over long term.

very Platypus is moderate due to a lack of flows and instream and riparian habitat, with a predicted decline to very low. Management of flows, urban stormwater mod. mod. low and improvements to riparian vegetation is expected to maintain score as moderate in the face of climate change.

very Vegetation is low as quality and extent of riparian vegetation is largely degraded and threats such as pest plants and animals persist. With climate change score low mod. is predicted to decline to very low. Protection of the best areas and management of flows, pest plant and animal control and additional revegetation will low improve some areas and increase overall score to moderate. KEY VALUES (10 - 50 YEAR TARGETS) YEAR 50 - (10 KEYVALUES high mod. high Amenity, which is based on level of satisfaction, is currently high but likely to decline in the long-term; target is to maintain at high.

Community connection, which is based on level of satisfaction, is currently high but likely to decline in the long-term if opportunities don’t keep up with high mod. high population growth; target is to maintain at high.

Recreation, which is based on level of satisfaction, is currently high but likely to decline in the long-term if supply doesn’t keep up with population growth; high mod. high target is to maintain at high.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 33 Current Current Target state trajectory trajectory

very very very Stormwater Condition is measured by directly connected imperviousness (DCI), which is the proportion of the impervious surface in the catchment that is high high high directly connected to a stream through a conventional drainage connection. The current state is very high and the target is very high.

Physical form is the degree of geomorphic naturalness combined with likelihood of erosion occurring along bed or banks of waterways. The current state is low low low mod. and the target is moderate.

Water for environment indicates compliance with flow requirements of freshwater river systems. These are identified through FLOWS method, or (where there low low mod. is no flow study) Flow Stress Ranking (FSR), which indicates the level of threat to river health based on the level of water extractions by rural, urban and industry users. The current state is low and the target is moderate.

Vegetation Extent denotes the percentage of reach that has continuous indigenous vegetation cover within 20 metres either side of the stream. The current low low mod. state is low and the target is moderate.

Instream Connectivity is measured by the proportion of waterway length within the sub-catchment that is free from barriers to fish movement. The current mod. mod. mod. state is moderate and the target is moderate.

very very Access to the waterway and riparian corridor supports a range of on water, in water and beside water experiences and is an enabling condition for all three low low low social values. The current state is very low and the target is low. WATERWAY CONDITIONS (10+ YEAR TARGETS) YEAR (10+ CONDITIONS WATERWAY

very Litter absence is a strong indicator of stream health – clean waterways are healthy waterways and aesthetically pleasing. Litter detracts from the sense of high mod. naturalness and creates a perception that a place is uncared for. It also detracts from the enjoyment of active and passive recreation. The current state is high high and the target is very high.

Very Participation in waterway management creates and enhances a sense of community. Similarly, citizen science strengthens social capital by increasing High mod. knowledge of environmental / ecosystem services, skills and capacities, allowing people to meet and enhance social networks. The current state is High and the High target is Very High.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 34 Deep Creek Upper Sub-catchment

Description Deep Creek rises near Newham in the Macedon Ranges and flows through the rural townships of Lancefield, Romsey and Darraweit Guim before joining Jacksons Creek at Bulla to become the Maribyrnong River. The upper reaches of Deep Creek lie above Romsey. Major tributaries within this area include Dry, Garden Hut, and Monument creeks.

"Drought refuge habitat protecting – Boyd and Deep Creeks – address salinity and suspended solids"

"Forest road management" MAP

"Weed management"

"Use of fire for ecological protection and enhancement"

Score key: Very Low Low Moderate (mod.) High Very High

For description of scores see metrics tables at end of document

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 35 Deep Creek Upper Performance Objectives ID Condition Supported Performance Objectives

1 Water for Environment Maintain critical flow components in refuge reaches along Deep Creek to protect Yarra pygmy perch, platypus and other instream values.

2 Water for Environment Reduce threat of summer low flow stress by addressing causal factors such as water for domestic and stock use, diversions and climate change.

Maintain or achieve high and very high quality vegetation (level 4 and 5 vegetation quality is currently 28 km) along Deep Creek and tributaries through effective 3 Vegetation Quality monitoring and management of threats including protection of endangered EVCs. Fill data gaps in mapping of high quality vegetation.

Increase participation rates from high to very high; support community groups, connect with growth area communities and build capacity of land owners 4 Participation through rural programs.

Improve stormwater condition by treating existing and future urban development in Lancefield and Romsey so directly connected imperviousness (DCI) is below 1% in Five Mile Creek before Deep Creek confluence; and below 1% in Lancefield prior to Deep Creek connection. For every hectare of impervious area, harvest 5 Stormwater condition 5.0 ML/y and infiltrate 1.4 ML/y. For existing urban this is 0.5 GL/y and 0.2 GL/y for Lancefield, and 0.9 GL/y and 0.3 GL/y for Romsey. For new urban, further 0.3 GL/y and 0.1 GL/y is required for Lancefield and 1.0 GL/y and 0.3 GL/y for Romsey.

Improve water quality for environmental values and Port Phillip Bay by reducing turbidity and nutrient run-off from rural land. This may include establishment of 6 Water Quality - Environmental vegetated buffers in headwater streams.

Establish a continuous riparian vegetated buffer (144 km, 575 ha) and maintain existing vegetation (54 km, 215 ha) along priority reaches (using EVC 7 Vegetation Extent benchmarks to at least a level 3 vegetation quality).

8 Physical form Investigate and mitigate threats to physical form (e.g. erosion) and other high values (particularly along tributaries).

Improve understanding of the extent, composition and condition of high and very high quality vegetation, and effectively monitor and manage both values and 9 Vegetation Quality threats.

10 Fish (value) Investigate opportunities to translocate Yarra pygmy perch into suitable habitat along the creek corridor.

11 * Please also refer to the regional Performance Objectives that apply to all sub-catchments.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 36 Deep Creek Upper Sub-catchment

Current Current Target state trajectory trajectory

Fish are currently rated as low due to a lack of suitable instream and riparian habitat, together with barriers to migration along the Maribyrnong River. low low mod. Significant species present include Yarra pygmy perch. Improvements to vegetation, flows (including urban stormwater) and removal of fish barriers will increase score to moderate and protect Yarra pygmy perch populations over long term.

Frogs score is low since few of the expected species were recorded. With targeted management can maintain frogs score but is unlikely to improve more due to low low low land use intensification and climate change effects on the volume and timing of flows. Significant species include growling grass frog and brown (Bibron’s) toadlet.

very Macroinvertebrates is moderate due to a lack of suitable instream and riparian habitat, flows and water quality. Improvements to flows, extensive revegetation mod. mod. high and prevention of water quality decline is expected to increase score to very high over long term.

Platypus is moderate due to a lack in flows and instream and riparian habitat, with a predicted decline to low with impacts of a drier climate. Management of mod. low mod. flows and improvements to riparian vegetation is expected to maintain current score in the face of climate change.

very Vegetation is low as much of the riparian vegetation is degraded with only few high quality reaches remaining in the headwaters. With existing threats such as low mod. pest plants and animals and climate change score is predicted to decline to very low. Protection of the high quality reaches and management of key threats will low improve score to moderate. KEY VALUES (10 - 50 YEAR TARGETS) YEAR 50 - (10 KEYVALUES high mod. high Amenity, which is based on level of satisfaction, is currently high but likely to decline in the long-term; target is to maintain at high.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 37 Current Current Target state trajectory trajectory

Physical form is the degree of geomorphic naturalness combined with likelihood of erosion occurring along bed or banks of waterways. The current state is low low low mod. and the target is moderate.

Instream Connectivity is measured by the proportion of waterway length within the sub-catchment that is free from barriers to fish movement. The current low low low state is low and the target is low.

Water Quality (Recreational) is critical to minimise human health risks. Exposure to pathogens (disease causing microorganisms) via primary (e.g. swimming) high high high and/or secondary (e.g boating) can lead to illness. Water quality guidelines set water standards for primary and secondary contact. The current state is high and the target is high.

Very Participation in waterway management creates and enhances a sense of community. Similarly, citizen science strengthens social capital by increasing mod. mod. knowledge of environmental / ecosystem services, skills and capacities, allowing people to meet and enhance social networks. The current state is Moderate High and the target is Very High.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 38 Emu Creek Sub-catchment

Description Emu Creek originates near Romsey and flows through basalt plains to join Deep Creek upstream of Bulla. Major tributaries include Main, Charlies, Bolinda, Dry and Duckhole creeks, all of which originate between the townships of Romsey and Riddells Creek. The Emu Creek sub-catchment includes the Mount Charlie Flora Reserve and other smaller flora reserves.

"Living Rivers and stormwater programs"

"Protection and enhancement of Growling Grass Frog wetlands"

MAP "Public access reserve"

"Water diversion management and compliance (including farm dams)"

"Cultural heritage protection"

Score key: Very Low Low Moderate (mod.) High Very High

For description of scores see metrics tables at end of document

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 39 Emu Creek Performance Objectives ID Condition Supported Performance Objectives Prevent decline in stormwater condition by treating urban development in Emu Creek catchment (e.g. from new developments in Sunbury), so directly 1 Stormwater condition connected imperviousness (DCI) remains below 0.4% at the confluence with Deep Creek. For every hectare of new impervious area, this requires harvesting around 4.4 ML/y and infiltrating 1.1 ML/y, which is about 3.4 GL/y and 0.8 GL/y for full development to the urban growth boundary.

Improve water quality for environmental values and Port Phillip Bay by reducing turbidity and nutrient run-off from rural land. This may include establishment of 2 Water Quality - Environmental vegetated buffers in headwater streams.

Improve water quality for environmental values and Port Phillip Bay by reducing sedimentation from run-off associated with construction for urban 3 Water Quality - Environmental development. Identify and mitigate sources of sedimentation from development construction activities. This can be through education programs or enforcement actions.

Maintain or achieve high and very high quality vegetation (level 4 and 5 vegetation quality is currently 14 km) along Emu Creek and tributaries through effective 4 Vegetation Quality monitoring and management of threats including protection of endangered EVCs. Fill data gaps in mapping of high quality vegetation.

5 Water for Environment Reduce threat of summer low flow stress by addressing causal factors such as water for domestic and stock use, climate change, diversions or urbanisation.

Establish a continuous riparian vegetated buffer (40 km, 159 ha) and maintain existing vegetation (33 km, 130 ha) along priority reaches (using EVC benchmarks 6 Vegetation Extent to at least a level 3 vegetation quality).

7 Physical form Investigate and mitigate threats to physical form (e.g. erosion) and other high values (including impacts of urbanisation).

Improve access to and along waterways through regional projects and by additional paths and access points in new urban areas, townships and larger parks 8 Access (about 8 km of path).

Increase participation rates from moderate to very high; support community groups, connect with growth area communities and build capacity of land owners 9 Participation through rural programs.

Protect water quality of Port Phillip Bay and waterways from industrial activity by reducing industrial pollutant levels detected in waterways. Identify and 10 Water Quality - Environmental mitigate sources of industrial pollution. This can be through education programs, enforcement actions or disconnections from the stormwater system.

11 * Please also refer to the regional Performance Objectives that apply to all sub-catchments.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 40 Emu Creek Sub-catchment

Current Current Target state trajectory trajectory

There is currently insufficient data to assess the birds (riparian) score in Emu Creek. The current trajectory score is moderate, which means most expected n/a mod. mod. species occur but some of these only infrequently. Protecting and improving riparian habitat will be balanced against adverse effects of land use intensification and climate change driven reductions in flow volumes and durations/seasonality and, potentially, water quality.

Fish are currently rated as low due to lack of suitable instream and riparian habitat and barriers to migration along the Maribyrnong River. Improvements to fish low low mod. passage, habitat and mitigation of urban impacts will improve habitat for a wider range of species and increase score to moderate over long term.

Frogs score is high since many of the expected species of frog were recorded. With targeted management score can be maintained despite impacts of land use high low high intensification and climate change. Significant species include growling grass frog and brown (Bibron’s) toadlet.

Macroinvertebrates is moderate as a result of lack of flows and instream and riparian habitat and is predicted to decline to low in the face of un-mitigated mod. low high urbanisation and climate change. Management of urban stormwater, rural flows and water quality and improvements to riparian vegetation will increase score to high in long term.

Platypus is moderate due to a lack of flows and instream and riparian habitat. They are most likely to be found in the lower reaches near the confluence of mod. low mod. Deep Creek. The score is expected to decline to low as a result of urbanisation and climate change. Management of stormwater and rural flows, as well as improvements to riparian vegetation is expected to maintain score as moderate.

very Vegetation is low as much of the riparian vegetation is degraded with only few high quality reaches remaining in upper reaches. Score is predicted to decline to low mod. very low due to persistent and emerging threats such as pest plant and animals and climate change. Long term outcome is to protect areas of remaining high low quality and improve score to moderate. KEY VALUES (10 - 50 YEAR TARGETS) YEAR 50 - (10 KEYVALUES high mod. high Amenity, which is based on level of satisfaction, is currently high but likely to decline in the long-term; target is to maintain at high.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 41 Current Current Target state trajectory trajectory

very very Stormwater Condition is measured by directly connected imperviousness (DCI), which is the proportion of the impervious surface in the catchment that is mod. high high directly connected to a stream through a conventional drainage connection. The current state is very high and the target is very high.

Water for environment indicates compliance with flow requirements of freshwater river systems. These are identified through FLOWS method, or (where there high mod. high is no flow study) Flow Stress Ranking (FSR), which indicates the level of threat to river health based on the level of water extractions by rural, urban and industry users. The current state is high and the target is high.

very Vegetation Quality is a description of quality of vegetation relative to Ecological Vegetation Classes (EVCs) and accounting for grassland or sparsely treed low mod. low woodland communities which do not exhibit 100 per cent canopy cover. The current state is low and the target is moderate.

very very Instream Connectivity is measured by the proportion of waterway length within the sub-catchment that is free from barriers to fish movement. The current low low low state is very low and the target is low.

Water Quality (Recreational) is critical to minimise human health risks. Exposure to pathogens (disease causing microorganisms) via primary (e.g. swimming) n/a n/a n/a and/or secondary (e.g boating) can lead to illness. Water quality guidelines set water standards for primary and secondary contact. No data exists for this sub- catchment.

Very Participation in waterway management creates and enhances a sense of community. Similarly, citizen science strengthens social capital by increasing mod. Low knowledge of environmental / ecosystem services, skills and capacities, allowing people to meet and enhance social networks. The current state is Moderate High and the target is Very High.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 42 Jacksons Creek Sub-catchment

Description Jacksons Creek rises in Bullengarook, near Gisborne and flows through Sunbury before joining Deep Creek in Sydenham Park at Bulla near Melbourne Airport. Tributaries to Jacksons Creek include Riddells, Sandy, Turitable, Willimagongong, Gisborne, Longview and Barringo creeks. Rosslynne Reservoir is located on the upper Jacksons Creek and provides drinking water for Gisborne and Sunbury as well as for agricultural purposes.

"Public access and buffer zones in rural townships"

"Erosion, sediment and pesticide management – forestry, recreational vehicles, rural land management" MAP

"Stormwater management, reuse and targets to reduce and mitigate impervious surfaces"

"Protection of wetland (Gisborne Race Course)"

Score key: Very Low Low Moderate (mod.) High Very High

For description of scores see metrics tables at end of document

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 43 Jacksons Creek Performance Objectives ID Condition Supported Performance Objectives Prevent decline in stormwater condition by treating urban development in the Jacksons Creek catchment (e.g. from new developments in Sunbury and Gisborne), so directly connected imperviousness (DCI) is maintained or improved along the main stem of Jacksons Creek. For every hectare of new impervious 1 Stormwater condition area, this requires harvesting around 4.5 ML/y and infiltrating 1.1 ML/y, which is about 8.4 GL/y and 2.0 GL/y for full development to the urban growth boundary. Improve stormwater condition by treating existing and future urban development from Macedon and Mount Macedon so directly connected imperviousness 2 Stormwater condition (DCI) remains below 0.5% in Riddells Creek immediately downstream of Macedon. For every hectare of impervious area, this requires harvesting around 5.3 ML/y and infiltrating 1.7 ML/y, which equates to approximately 0.5 GL and 0.2 GL for the two townships combined.

Establish a continuous riparian vegetated buffer (97 km, 389 ha) and maintain existing vegetation (129 km, 516 ha) along priority reaches (using EVC 3 Vegetation Extent benchmarks to at least a level 3 vegetation quality). In addition, maximise multiple benefits from vegetation management for social values in existing and planned urban areas.

Investigate options to increase environmental water reserve by 5 GL/year by 2028 to meet ecological watering objectives and cover projected shortfalls. This 4 Water for Environment will benefit Jacksons Creek and the lower Maribyrnong River. Any water recovery will be considered through the sustainable water strategies, markets and use of alternative water.

Identify and implement opportunities to maintain or improve flow regime in refuge reaches to support platypus populations and other instream values. Reduce 5 Water for Environment threat of summer low flow stress by addressing causal factors such as water for domestic and stock use, climate change, diversions or urbanisation.

Protect water quality for Port Phillip Bay and waterways by maintaining the current quality of discharges from sewage treatment plants (and reducing where 6 Water Quality - Environmental possible) ensuring they are released in a manner that ensures environmental values are supported in the waterway. Reduce turbidity and nutrient run-off from rural land. This may include establishment of vegetated buffers in headwater streams.

Maintain or achieve high and very high quality vegetation (level 4 and 5 vegetation quality is currently 103 km) along Jacksons Creek and tributaries through 7 Vegetation Quality effective monitoring and management of threats including protection of endangered EVCs. Fill data gaps in mapping and understanding of the extent, composition and condition of high and very high quality vegetation.

8 Physical form Investigate and mitigate threats to physical form (e.g. erosion) and other high values (including impacts of urbanisation).

Improve access to and along waterways through regional projects such as the Maribyrnong River Trail to Sunbury and by additional paths and access points in 9 Access new urban areas, townships and larger parks (about 25 km of path).

Increase participation rates from moderate to very high; support community groups and citizen science, connect with growth area communities and build 10 Participation capacity of land owners through rural programs.

Improve water quality for environmental values and Port Phillip Bay by reducing sedimentation from run-off associated with construction for urban 11 Water Quality - Environmental development. Identify and mitigate sources of sedimentation from development construction activities. This can be through education programs or enforcement actions.

* Please also refer to the regional Performance Objectives that apply to all sub-catchments. Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 44 Jacksons Creek Sub-catchment

Current Current Target state trajectory trajectory

Birds (riparian) is moderate, which means most expected species occur but some of these only infrequently. Protecting and improving riparian habitat will be mod. mod. mod. balanced against adverse effects of land use intensification and climate change driven reductions in flow volumes and durations/seasonality and, potentially, water quality. Significant species is powerful owl. Target is to maintain as moderate. Fish are currently rated as very low due to lack of suitable instream and riparian habitat, together with barriers to fish migration along the Maribyrnong River very low mod. and Jacksons Creek. The increased current trajectory score is due to climate change increasing habitat suitability for common and widespread species. low Improvements to fish passage, revegetation and mitigation of urban and rural land use impacts will improve habitat for a wider range of species and increase score to moderate over long term.

very Frogs score is very low since very few of the expected species of frog were recorded. With targeted management frogs score might improve to low but is low low unlikely to improve more due to land use intensification and climate change effects on the volume and timing of flows. Significant species include growling low grass frog and brown (Bibron’s) toadlet.

Macroinvertebrates is moderate as a result of a lack of flows as well as instream and riparian habitat, and urban stormwater. Management of key water quality mod. mod. high and flow threats from urban and rural land use and revegetation will improve score to high in long term.

very Platypus is moderate due to a lack of instream and riparian habitat and urban stormwater, and is predicted to decline to very low. Management of land use mod. mod. impacts and flows, as well as improvements to riparian vegetation is expected to maintain score as moderate in the face of future urban growth and climate low change.

very Vegetation is low as much of the riparian vegetation is degraded with only a few high quality reaches remaining in upper reaches. Score is predicted to decline low mod. to very low due to persistent and emerging threats such as pest plant and animals and climate change. The long term outcome is to increase score to moderate low with a focus on areas of remaining high quality. KEY VALUES (10 - 50 YEAR TARGETS) YEAR 50 - (10 KEYVALUES high mod. high Amenity, which is based on level of satisfaction, is currently high but likely to decline in the long-term; target is to maintain at high.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 45 Current Current Target state trajectory trajectory

very Stormwater Condition is measured by directly connected imperviousness (DCI), which is the proportion of the impervious surface in the catchment that is high mod. high directly connected to a stream through a conventional drainage connection. The current state is high and the target is very high.

very Water for environment indicates compliance with flow requirements of freshwater river systems. These are identified through FLOWS method, or (where there low high is no flow study) Flow Stress Ranking (FSR), which indicates the level of threat to river health based on the level of water extractions by rural, urban and low industry users. The current state is low and the target is high.

Vegetation Extent denotes the percentage of reach that has continuous indigenous vegetation cover within 20 metres either side of the stream. The current mod. mod. high state is moderate and the target is high.

very very Instream Connectivity is measured by the proportion of waterway length within the sub-catchment that is free from barriers to fish movement. The current high low low state is very low and the target is high.

Water Quality (Recreational) is critical to minimise human health risks. Exposure to pathogens (disease causing microorganisms) via primary (e.g. swimming) high low high and/or secondary (e.g boating) can lead to illness. Water quality guidelines set water standards for primary and secondary contact. The current state is high and the target is high.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 46 Gisborne Marshlands

Description Gisborne Marsh is located within the Gisborne Nature Conservation Reserve and is classified as a temporary freshwater marsh or meadow. It status as a Seasonally Herbaceous Wetland, which is EPBC listed is to be confirmed.

Performance Objectives Condition ID Performance Objectives Supported

Investigate opportunities to improve wetland water regime to meet ecological watering 1 Water regime objectives, improve ecosystem services, cultural and social value in line with Gisborne Marshlands Environmental Management Plan.

Vegetation 2 Reduce invasive flora threat to low. condition

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 47 Gisborne Marshlands

Current Current Target state trajectory trajectory

very very mod. Wetland bird score is very low. With improvements to wetland water regime and vegetation, the score is predicted to improve to moderate. low low

n/a n/a n/a Very little data exists for wetland fish and a metric for wetland fish will be developed through the Strategy implementation.

Frog score is currently low, and without intervention, is predicted to remain low. Reduction in threats of changed wetland water regime and improvements to low low high wetland vegetation condition can improve the frog score to high in the long term.

very Vegetation is currently moderate, with a current trajectory of decline to very low. Improvements to wetland water regime will drive an improvement in mod. high wetland vegetation condition and value. Target is to improve to high.

KEYVALUES(10-50 YEAR TARGETS) low

very very Water regime is associated with changes to the flow regime such as interference with natural connectivity. The current state is very low and the target is mod. low low moderate.

low low low Wetland habitat form considers the extent that the wetland area has been reduced through levee, diversions etc. The current state is low and the target is low.

very very mod. Wetland buffer condition is the native vegetation above the maximum inundation extent. The current state is very low and the target is moderate. low low

very mod. high Vegetation condition refers to the extent of 'natural' wetland vegetation is intact. The current state is moderate and the target is high. low

very mod. mod. Wetland water quality considers the changed water properties within the wetland. The current state is moderate and the target is moderate. low WATERWAY CONDITIONS (10+ WATERWAY YEARCONDITIONS TARGETS)

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 48 Boyd Creek Sub-catchment

Description Boyd Creek rises near Mount William and flows through the rural lands west of Kilmore, before joining Deep Creek upstream of Darraweit Guim. The two main tributaries in this area are Number Three and Slab Hut creeks. The Boyd Creek sub-catchment has no areas of formal significance, and limited areas of naturalness as a result of current and past landuse.

MAP No actions were provided for this sub-catchment.

Score key: Very Low Low Moderate (mod.) High Very High

For description of scores see metrics tables at end of document

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 49 Boyd Creek Performance Objectives ID Condition Supported Performance Objectives

Determine extent of and maintain high quality vegetation along Boyd Creek and tributaries through effective monitoring and management of threats including 1 Vegetation Quality protection of endangered EVCs. Fill data gaps in mapping of high quality vegetation.

Establish a continuous riparian vegetated buffer (31 km, 126 ha) and maintain existing vegetation (9 km, 36 ha) along priority reaches (using EVC benchmarks to 3 Vegetation Extent at least a level 3 vegetation quality).

4 Water for Environment Reduce threat of summer low flow stress by addressing causal factors such as water for domestic and stock use, diversions and climate change.

Support participation in Landcare and other rural programs that improve waterways and promote citizen science. Increase participation through support of 5 Participation community/environment groups as rural population increases.

6 Physical form Investigate and mitigate threats to physical form (e.g. erosion) and other high values (particularly along tributaries).

7 Fish (value) Investigate opportunities to translocate Yarra pygmy perch into suitable habitat along the creek corridor.

8 * Please also refer to the regional Performance Objectives that apply to all sub-catchments.

Notes: 9

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 50 Boyd Creek Sub-catchment

Current Current Target state trajectory trajectory

There is currently insufficient data to assess the birds (riparian) score in Boyd Creek. The current trajectory score is moderate, which means most expected n/a mod. mod. species occur but some of these only infrequently. Protecting and improving riparian habitat will be balanced against adverse effects of land use intensification and climate change driven reductions in flow volumes and durations/seasonality and, potentially, water quality.

Fish are currently rated as low due to a lack of suitable habitat (instream and riparian), and barriers to fish migration along the Maribyrnong River. low low mod. Improvements to riparian vegetation, flows and removal of fish barriers are expected to increase the target trajectory rating to moderate in the long term. There are no known threatened species found in the sub-catchment.

Insufficient data to assess frogs score in Boyd Creek. Targeted management can reduce impacts to frogs from land use intensification and climate change n/a n/a n/a effects. Significant species include southern toadlet and brown (Bibron’s) toadlet.

very Macroinvertebrates is moderate as a result of a lack of instream and riparian habitat and flow stress. With improvements to riparian vegetation and flows the mod. mod. high score is expected to increase to very high in long term.

very Platypus is low due to a lack of instream and riparian habitats and flows. They are expected to occur in the lower reaches near the confluence with Deep Creek. low low low Improving riparian vegetation and restoring flows to the stream will prevent any further decline in the face of climate change.

very Vegetation is low due to large scale land use change and is predicted to decline to very low with persistent threats and climate change. Target is prevent further low low low decline. KEY VALUES (10 - 50 YEAR TARGETS) YEAR 50 - (10 KEYVALUES high mod. high Amenity, which is based on level of satisfaction, is currently high but likely to decline in the long-term; target is to maintain at high.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 51 Current Current Target state trajectory trajectory

very very Water for environment indicates compliance with flow requirements of freshwater river systems. These are identified through FLOWS method, or (where there high is no flow study) Flow Stress Ranking (FSR), which indicates the level of threat to river health based on the level of water extractions by rural, urban and high high industry users. The current state is very high and the target is very high.

very very Vegetation Extent denotes the percentage of reach that has continuous indigenous vegetation cover within 20 metres either side of the stream. The current mod. low low state is very low and the target is moderate.

Very Very Participation in waterway management creates and enhances a sense of community. Similarly, citizen science strengthens social capital by increasing High knowledge of environmental / ecosystem services, skills and capacities, allowing people to meet and enhance social networks. The current state is Very High High High and the target is Very High.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 52 Maribyrnong River Sub-catchment

Description The Maribyrnong River begins where Deep and Jacksons creeks meet in Sydenham Park near Keilor North and flows through steep sided country, Brimbank Park and the urbanised inner western suburbs of Melbourne before joining the Yarra River estuary at Yarraville. Melbourne Airport lies just to the east of the confluence of Jacksons and Deep creeks.

"Biolink between Brimbank Park and Organ Pipes (revegetation, weed management, pathway etc"

"Expand Maribyrnong value connection project to whole valley" MAP

"Yarra planning controls to be investigated for application to Maribyrnong"

"Enhance billabongs and stormwater wetlands in lower Maribyrnong"

Score key: Very Low Low Moderate (mod.) High Very High

For description of scores see metrics tables at end of document

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 53 Maribyrnong River Performance Objectives ID Condition Supported Performance Objectives Increase instream connectivity by providing fish passage between the mouth of the Maribyrnong River to the confluence with Deep Creek and Jacksons Creek 1 Instream Connectivity (by removing, or providing effective fish passage over, Arundel Road Weir and McNabs Weir).

Determine extent of and maintain high quality vegetation along Maribyrnong River and tributaries through effective monitoring and management of threats 2 Vegetation Quality including protection of endangered EVCs. Fill data gaps in mapping of high quality vegetation.

Establish a continuous riparian vegetated buffer (21 km, 83 ha) and maintain existing vegetation (21 km, 83 ha) along priority reaches (using EVC benchmarks to 3 Vegetation Extent at least a level 3 vegetation quality).

Investigate options to increase environmental water reserve for the catchment is increased by 5 GL/year by 2028 to meet ecological watering objectives and 4 Water for Environment cover projected shortfalls. This will benefit Jacksons Creek and the lower Maribyrnong River. Any water recovery will be considered through the sustainable water strategy, markets and the use of alternative water.

Increase access to and along waterways from 50% to 69% (about 10 km) by filling gaps in existing path networks, improving connections and extending the 5 Access Maribyrnong River Trail. For on-water activities increase boat launching/recovery facilities for canoe/kayaking (non-motor) in the middle reaches.

6 Water Quality – Recreational Protect recreational water quality in Maribyrnong River to support existing recreational activities (swimming above Brimbank Park and boating downstream).

Increase participation rates from low to high; support community groups and citizen science and build capacity of land owners in upper catchment through rural 7 Participation programs. Increase participation through promotion of high value species in the region (e.g. platypus and growling grass frog).

8 Water for Environment Identify and implement opportunities to maintain or improve the flow regime in refuge reaches to support platypus populations and other instream values.

9 * Please also refer to the regional Performance Objectives that apply to all sub-catchments.

Notes: 10

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 54 Maribyrnong River Sub-catchment

Current Current Target state trajectory trajectory

Birds (riparian) is moderate, which means most expected species occur but some of these only infrequently. Score is likely to decline with fewer expected mod. low mod. species because of habitat degradation due to increased disturbance and introduced predators as well as effects of climate change. Significant species include eastern great egret and intermediate egret.

very Fish are currently rated as moderate due to lack of suitable instream and riparian habitat, urban stormwater and barriers to fish migration. Significant species mod. mod. present include the Australian Grayling and Australian mudfish. Improvements to vegetation, stormwater and removal of fish barriers will increase score to very high high in the long term.

very very very Frogs score is very low since very few of the expected species of frog were recorded. The combined effects of reduced rainfall and flows, and urban land use low low low intensification mean the frog score is predicted to remain very low. growling grass frog is a threatened species that should occur.

Macroinvertebrates is low as a result of a lack of instream and riparian habitat, and urban stormwater. Habitat improvements as well as progressive low low low management of urban stormwater will be required to maintain score as low in the face of future urban growth and climate change.

very very Platypus is very low due to a lack of instream and riparian habitat and urban stormwater. They are most likely to occur near the confluence with Jackson and low Deep Creeks. Management of urban stormwater and flows, as well as improvements to riparian vegetation is expected to increase score to low in the face of low low future urban growth and climate change.

very Vegetation is rated as low, primarily as a result of urbanisation and persistent threats such as pest plants and animals. Progressive revegetation and low mod. low management of threats will improve score to moderate.

KEY VALUES (10 - 50 YEAR TARGETS) YEAR 50 - (10 KEYVALUES very high high Amenity, which is based on level of satisfaction, is currently high and is expected to remain high in the long-term; target is to improve to very high. high

very Community connection, which is based on level of satisfaction, is currently high and is expected to remain high in the long-term if opportunities keep up with high high high population growth; target is to improve to very high.

very Recreation, which is based on level of satisfaction, is currently high and is expected to remain high in the long-term if supply keeps up with population growth; high high high target is to improve to very high.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 55 Current Current Target state trajectory trajectory

very Stormwater Condition is measured by directly connected imperviousness (DCI), which is the proportion of the impervious surface in the catchment that is mod. mod. low directly connected to a stream through a conventional drainage connection. The current state is moderate and the target is moderate.

Physical form is the degree of geomorphic naturalness combined with likelihood of erosion occurring along bed or banks of waterways. The current state is high mod. high high and the target is high.

very Vegetation Extent denotes the percentage of reach that has continuous indigenous vegetation cover within 20 metres either side of the stream. The current low low high state is low and the target is very high.

very Water Quality (Environmental) indicates compliance with the State Environment Protection Policy (SEPP) Waters of Victoria environmental water quality mod. mod. low objectives (EPA Water Quality Index) using the Yarra and Bay Report Card Scoring Method. The current state is moderate and the target is moderate.

very Access to the waterway and riparian corridor supports a range of on water, in water and beside water experiences and is an enabling condition for all three mod. mod. high social values. The current state is moderate and the target is very high. WATERWAY CONDITIONS (10+ YEAR TARGETS) YEAR (10+ CONDITIONS WATERWAY Litter absence is a strong indicator of stream health – clean waterways are healthy waterways and aesthetically pleasing. Litter detracts from the sense of high mod. high naturalness and creates a perception that a place is uncared for. It also detracts from the enjoyment of active and passive recreation. The current state is high and the target is high.

very Water Quality (Recreational) is critical to minimise human health risks. Exposure to pathogens (disease causing microorganisms) via primary (e.g. swimming) high low and/or secondary (e.g boating) can lead to illness. Water quality guidelines set water standards for primary and secondary contact. The current state is high high and the target is very high.

Very Participation in waterway management creates and enhances a sense of community. Similarly, citizen science strengthens social capital by increasing Low High knowledge of environmental / ecosystem services, skills and capacities, allowing people to meet and enhance social networks. The current state is Low and the Low target is High.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 56 Pipemakers Park Wetlands

Description Pipemakers Park is an eight hectare reserve located on Van Ness Avenue on the Maribyrnong River in Maribyrnong. Burton Crescent Reserve is located further north along the River, while Frogs Hollow Wetlands are located to the south. Thompson Reserve is a four hectares reserve located to the west on Gordon Street. The area is located in the Maribyrnong River Valley and includes flood plain and a steep escarpment along the Van Ness Avenue boundary.

Performance Objectives Condition ID Performance Objectives Supported

Develop understanding of the amenity, community connection and recreation values of 1 Social values wetlands and develop performance objectives to enhance the values.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 57 Pipemakers Park Wetlands

Current Current Target state trajectory trajectory

very very very Wetland bird score is very low. Continuing threats associated with urbanisation including changed wetland water regime, poor vegetation quality and poor low low low wetland water quality will maintain score as very low.

n/a n/a n/a Very little data exists for wetland fish and a metric for wetland fish will be developed through the strategy implementation.

very very very Frog score is very low and is predicted to remain very low in the long-term. Threats including poor water quality, changed wetland water regime and very poor low low low wetland vegetation quality will limit the frog community.

very very very Vegetation is currently very low. This is predicted to remain very low due the very low or low trajectory of the vegetation condition.

KEYVALUES(10-50 YEAR TARGETS) low low low

very very low Water regime is associated with changes to the flow regime such as interference with natural connectivity. The current state is very low and the target is low. low low

Wetland habitat form considers the extent that the wetland area has been reduced through levee, diversions etc. The current state is moderate and the target mod. mod. mod. is moderate.

very very low Wetland buffer condition is the native vegetation above the maximum inundation extent. The current state is very low and the target is low. low low

very very low Vegetation condition refers to the extent of 'natural' wetland vegetation is intact. The current state is very low and the target is low. low low

very very low Wetland water quality considers the changed water properties within the wetland. The current state is very low and the target is low. low low WATERWAY CONDITIONS (10+ WATERWAY YEARCONDITIONS TARGETS)

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 58 Maribyrnong River Estuary

Description The Maribyrnong River estuary confluence with the Yarra River is about 3.5 km upstream of the Yarra River entrance to Port Phillip Bay near Yarraville. The tidal influence in the Maribyrnong River extends 12.8 km upstream to the Canning Street Ford. Riparian vegetation is sparse so banks have been stabilised by concrete lining and rock walls.

Performance Objectives Condition ID Performance Objectives Supported

Estuarine Protect remnant estuarine vegetation communities, particularly coastal saltmarsh, through 1 Map vegetation targeting key invasive plant species.

Maintain critical flow components in refuge reaches to protect instream environmental 2 Flow regime values.

Access & Maintain and support existing high value opportunities for access and recreation, including 3 Recreation walking, cycling, boating and fishing.

Estuarine 4 Enhance estuarine emergent vegetation to provide instream habitat for fish. vegetation

5 Amenity Maintain existing high value access and facilities that support passive enjoyment.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 59 Maribyrnong River Estuary Current Current Target state trajectory trajectory very very very Estuarine bird score is very low. The estuary is fringed by a highly industrial environment and the predicted climate change impacts will further erode suitable bird habitat. low low low

high high high Fish score is high and predicted to remain high in the long-term. A good diversity of estuarine dependent species inhabit the estuary and are likely to remain.

very very Vegetation is very low. Reducing the threat of invasive weeds to the little remaining areas of salt marsh will improve vegetation to low. Adopting some climate change adaption low strategies may mitigate some risk to vegetation, however, the estuary is fringed by highly industrialised and urbanised environments allowing little potential for vegetation low low communities to migrate into more favourable less saline conditions.

Amenity which is based on the presence of facilities and activities that support passive enjoyment of the estuary is currently moderate and is likely to remain moderate in the long- mod. mod. high term; target is to improve to high.

very very very Community Connection, which is based on the presence of community groups active in the estuary area, is currently very high and is expected to remain very high in the long-term high high high if opportunities keep up with population growth; target is to maintain at very high. KEY VALUES (10-50 YEAR KEY VALUES TARGETS) (10-50

very very very Recreation, which is based on the presence of facilities and activities that support active recreation in the estuary, is currently very high. Target is to maintain at very high. high high high

very very mod. Flow regime relates to the degree of change from 'natural conditions'. The current state is very low and the target is moderate. low low

very very very Tidal exchange is associated the ability of sea water and freshwater to mix in the estuarine environment. The current state is very high and the target is very high. high high high

low mod. mod. Longitudinal extent is assoicated with barriers that interfere with the movement of water. The current state is low and the target is moderate.

very very mod. Water Quality incorporates compliance with the EPA Victoria's water quality guidelines for estuaries. The current state is very low and the target is moderate. low low

very very low Estuarine vegetation is associated with the extent to which estuarine vegetation extent and condition is modified. The current state is very low and the target is low. low low

very very WATERWAY CONDITIONS (10+ YEAR TARGETS) (10+ WATERWAY CONDITIONS low Estuarine wetland connectivity relates to the proportion of the estuary that is connected to its fringing wetlands. The current state is very low and the target is low. low low

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 60 Moonee Ponds Creek Sub-catchment

Description Moonee Ponds Creek originates north of Greenvale and flows through Woodlands Historic Parklands and along the Citylink route before joining the Yarra River at Docklands. Yuroke Creek is a tributary and joins Moonee Ponds Creek upstream of the Jacana wetlands.

"Enhance Upper Moonee Ponds Creek (headwaters) including Yuroke Creek"

"Address pollution hot spots (commercial, airport (part) and other)" MAP "Investigate opportunities for naturalisation of Moonee Ponds Creek channel"

"Planning controls for stormwater management"

Score key: Very Low Low Moderate (mod.) High Very High

For description of scores see metrics tables at end of document

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 61 Moonee Ponds Creek Performance Objectives ID Condition Supported Performance Objectives

Determine extent of and maintain high quality vegetation along Moonee Ponds Creek and tributaries through effective monitoring and management of threats 1 Vegetation Quality including protection of endangered EVCs. Fill data gaps in mapping of high quality vegetation.

Establish a continuous riparian vegetated buffer (33 km, 131 ha) and maintain existing vegetation (11 km, 43 ha) along priority reaches (using EVC benchmarks 2 Vegetation Extent to at least a level 3 vegetation quality).

Increase access to and along waterways from 48% to 25% (about 3 km of path) by filling gaps in existing path networks and improving connections, including to 3 Access nearby open space, with a focus on urban and urban growth areas.

Increase participation rates from very low to high; support community groups and citizen science and build capacity of land owners in upper catchment through 4 Participation rural programs. Increase participation through Moonee Ponds Creek Collaboration and increase awareness of the waterway through interpretative signage and art.

5 Physical form Investigate and mitigate threats to physical form (e.g. erosion) and other high values (including impacts of urbanisation).

6 * Please also refer to the regional Performance Objectives that apply to all sub-catchments.

Notes: 7

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 62 Moonee Ponds Creek Sub-catchment

Current Current Target state trajectory trajectory

Birds (riparian) is moderate, which means most expected species occur but some of these only infrequently. Protecting and improving riparian habitat will be mod. low mod. balanced against adverse effects of land use intensification and climate change driven reductions in flow volumes and durations/seasonality and, potentially, water quality. Significant species include eastern great egret and powerful owl.

Fish are currently rated as low due to lack of suitable instream and riparian habitat, urban stormwater impacts and barriers to migration (particularly highly low low mod. modified channels in the middle and lower parts). Improvements to fish passage, instream and riparian habitat, water quality and flows will increase score to moderate in the long term (particularly in middle to upper reaches).

very Frogs score is low since only some of the expected species of frog were recorded. With targeted management frogs score can be maintained at low but is low low unlikely to improve more due to land use intensification and climate change effects on the volume and timing of flows. Significant species include growling low grass frog and brown (Bibron’s) toadlet.

very Macroinvertebrates is low as a result of a lack of instream and riparian habitat, and urban stormwater, particularly in the middle to lower reaches. With low low increasing urbanisation and climate change score is expected to decline to very low without intervention. Management of stormwater and flows and low improvements to riparian vegetation will ensure no further decline.

very very very Platypus are no longer expected to be found in Moonee Ponds Creek as a result of large-scale urbanisation, lack of suitable habitat and isolation from Yarra and low low low Maribyrnong River populations.

very Vegetation is low overall and predicted to decline further as a result of large scale existing and proposed urbanisation. Long term outcome is to increase quality low mod. low of priority reaches and improve overall score to moderate.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 63 Current Current Target state trajectory trajectory

very Stormwater Condition is measured by directly connected imperviousness (DCI), which is the proportion of the impervious surface in the catchment that is low low low directly connected to a stream through a conventional drainage connection. The current state is low and the target is low.

very Water for environment indicates compliance with flow requirements of freshwater river systems. These are identified through FLOWS method, or (where there low low is no flow study) Flow Stress Ranking (FSR), which indicates the level of threat to river health based on the level of water extractions by rural, urban and low industry users. The current state is low and the target is low.

very very Vegetation Extent denotes the percentage of reach that has continuous indigenous vegetation cover within 20 metres either side of the stream. The current high low low state is very low and the target is high.

very Instream Connectivity is measured by the proportion of waterway length within the sub-catchment that is free from barriers to fish movement. The current low low high state is low and the target is very high.

very Water Quality (Environmental) indicates compliance with the State Environment Protection Policy (SEPP) Waters of Victoria environmental water quality low low low objectives (EPA Water Quality Index) using the Yarra and Bay Report Card Scoring Method. The current state is low and the target is low.

Access to the waterway and riparian corridor supports a range of on water, in water and beside water experiences and is an enabling condition for all three mod. mod. high social values. The current state is moderate and the target is high. WATERWAY CONDITIONS (10+ YEAR TARGETS) YEAR (10+ CONDITIONS WATERWAY Litter absence is a strong indicator of stream health – clean waterways are healthy waterways and aesthetically pleasing. Litter detracts from the sense of high mod. high naturalness and creates a perception that a place is uncared for. It also detracts from the enjoyment of active and passive recreation. The current state is high and the target is high.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 64 Greenvale Reservoir Park Wetlands

Description Greenvale Reservoir Park is adjacent to Melbourne Water's Greenvale Reservoir, which is an off-river storage (26,839 ML) built in 1971 to provide drinking water supplies to the north-western and western suburbs of Melbourne. The park includes a chain of ponds built along Brodies Creek.

Performance Objectives Condition ID Performance Objectives Supported

Develop understanding of the amenity, community connection and recreation values of 1 Social values wetlands and develop performance objectives to enhance the values.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 65 Greenvale Reservoir Park Wetlands

Current Current Target state trajectory trajectory

very very very Wetland bird score is very low. The site is primarily managed for social and water supply values. low low low

n/a n/a n/a Very little data exists for wetland fish and a metric for wetland fish will be developed through the strategy implementation.

very very very Frog Score is very low and is predicted to remain very low in the long-term. The site is primarily managed for social and water supply values. low low low

very very very Vegetation is very low with a long-term trajectory of very low. Management of the site as a water supply storage limits the ability to support diverse wetland vegetation.

KEYVALUES(10-50 YEAR TARGETS) low low low

very very low Water regime is associated with changes to the flow regime such as interference with natural connectivity. The current state is very low and the target is low. low low

very very very Wetland habitat form considers the extent that the wetland area has been reduced through levee, diversions etc. The current state is very low and the target is low low low very low.

very very low Wetland buffer condition is the native vegetation above the maximum inundation extent. The current state is very low and the target is low. low low

very very low Vegetation condition refers to the extent of 'natural' wetland vegetation is intact. The current state is very low and the target is low. low low

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 66 Jacana Wetlands

Description The Jacana Wetlands are artificial wetlands constructed by Melbourne Water to manage nitrogen levels in local stormwater run-off. However, along with this significant role in improving water quality, the wetlands also contain some significant environmental values including growling grass frog.

Performance Objectives Condition ID Performance Objectives Supported

Wetland water Maintain stormwater treatment design intent of Jacana wetland, with consideration of 1 quality growling grass frog community.

2 Bird (value) Reduce invasive fauna threat to low.

Wetland buffer 3 Improve wetland buffer width and fill gaps in wetland buffer length. condition

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 67 Jacana Wetlands

Current Current Target state trajectory trajectory

very very Jacana wetland is primarily managed as a stormwater treatment wetland. The wetland bird score is currently very low. With improvements in wetland buffer mod. low low condition and vegetation condition, the predicted long-term trajectory is moderate.

n/a n/a n/a Very little data exists for wetland fish and a metric for wetland fish will be developed through the strategy implementation.

very very Jacana wetlands support a population of growling grass frog, leading to a frog score of very high. The current trajectory is a decline to moderate, however, mod. high high reducing risk associated with threats of poor water quality and vegetation condition are predicted to maintain score at very high.

very very Vegetation is very low. Long-term improvements to wetland water regime and water quality along with improvements to wetland buffer condition and mod. vegetation condition are predicted to improve the wetland vegetation score to moderate.

KEYVALUES(10-50 YEAR TARGETS) low low

very very Water regime is associated with changes to the flow regime such as interference with natural connectivity. The current state is very low and the target is mod. low low moderate.

low low low Wetland habitat form considers the extent that the wetland area has been reduced through levee, diversions etc. The current state is low and the target is low.

very very mod. Wetland buffer condition is the native vegetation above the maximum inundation extent. The current state is very low and the target is moderate. low low

very very mod. Vegetation condition refers to the extent of 'natural' wetland vegetation is intact. The current state is very low and the target is moderate. low low

very very mod. Wetland water quality considers the changed water properties within the wetland. The current state is very low and the target is moderate. low low WATERWAY CONDITIONS (10+ WATERWAY YEARCONDITIONS TARGETS)

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 68 Queens Park Wetlands

Description Queens Park located in Moonee Ponds includes an ornamental lake surrounded by parkland. From the late 1800s the park was used as a water reserve for travelling stock and as a stop-over point for travellers to the gold fields. Today the lake and surrounding gardens are a small retreat from the busy streets near by.

Performance Objectives Condition ID Performance Objectives Supported

Develop understanding of the amenity, community connection and recreation values of 1 Social values wetlands and develop performance objectives to enhance the values.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 69 Queens Park Wetlands

Current Current Target state trajectory trajectory

very very very Wetland bird score is very low. It is not formally recognised as significant bird habitat and currently has very poor wetland vegetation condition. The long-term low low low bird score will remain very low.

n/a n/a n/a Very little data exists for wetland fish and a metric for wetland fish in this catchment will be developed through the strategy implementation.

very Frogs score for the Moonee Ponds sub-catchment has been applied for Queens Park Wetlands. The frog value is currently low and is predicted to decline due to low low low high threats continuing from poor water quality, vegetation condition, vegetation buffer and water regime. Target is to maintain the score at low.

very very very Vegetation is currently very low. Very low or low vegetation condition will maintain the vegetation value at very low.

KEYVALUES(10-50 YEAR TARGETS) low low low

very very low Water regime is associated with changes to the flow regime such as interference with natural connectivity. The current state is very low and the target is low. low low

very very very Wetland habitat form considers the extent that the wetland area has been reduced through levee, diversions etc. The current state is very low and the target is low low low very low.

very very low Wetland buffer condition is the native vegetation above the maximum inundation extent. The current state is very low and the target is low. low low

very very low Vegetation condition refers to the extent of 'natural' wetland vegetation is intact. The current state is very low and the target is low. low low

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 70 Moonee Ponds Creek Estuary

Description Moonee Ponds Creek starts near Greenvale and flows through the inner suburbs of Melbourne, including Broadmeadows, Essendon and Flemington, before joining the Yarra River at Docklands. The estuarine section is highly modified and concrete lined to reduce flooding and erosion. A likely tidal flow barrier is 2.7 km upstream immediately after Macaulay Road Bridge. There is minimal lateral connectivity with flood plain due to modification and much of the bank vegetation has been removed due to proximity of road and rail infrastructure.

Performance Objectives Condition ID Performance Objectives Supported

Estuarine Protect remnant estuarine vegetation communities, particularly coastal saltmarsh and 1 Map vegetation mangrove, through targeting key invasive plant species.

Maintain critical flow components in refuge reaches to protect instream environmental 2 Flow regime values.

Access & Enhance appropriate opportunities for recreation and appropriate access including 3 Recreation improving connections with existing path networks.

Estuarine Identify opportunities to enhance habitat connectivity, access and vegetation links to other 4 vegetation green spaces (e.g. Maribyrnong River estuary).

5 Amenity Enhance appropriate opportunities for access and facilities that support passive enjoyment.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 71 Moonee Ponds Creek Estuary Current Current Target state trajectory trajectory very very very Estuarine bird score is very low. The estuary is fringed by a highly industrial environment and the predicted climate change impacts will further erode suitable bird habitat. low low low

high high high Fish score is high and is predicted to remain high in the long-term. A good diversity of estuarine dependent species inhabit the estuary and are likely to remain.

very very Vegetation is very low with a current trajectory of very low. Reducing threat of invasive weeds to the little remaining areas of salt marsh will improve the score to low. Adopting low some climate change adaption strategies may mitigate some risk to vegetation, however, the estuary is fringed by highly industrialised and urbanised environments allowing little low low potential for vegetation communities to migrate into more favourable less saline conditions.

Amenity which is based on the presence of facilities and activities that support passive enjoyment of the estuary is currently moderate and likely to remain moderate in the long- mod. mod. high term; target is to improve to high.

very very very Community Connection, which is based on the presence of community groups active in the estuary area, is currently very high and expected to remain very high in the long-term if high high high opportunities keep up with population growth; target is to maintain at very high. KEY VALUES (10-50 YEAR KEY VALUES TARGETS) (10-50

Recreation, which is based on the presence of facilities and activities that support active recreation in the estuary, is currently low and is expected to remain low in the long-term low low high if supply keeps up with population growth; target is to improve to high.

very very low Flow regime relates to the degree of change from 'natural conditions'. The current state is very low and the target is low. low low

very very very Tidal exchange is associated the ability of sea water and freshwater to mix in the estuarine environment. The current state is very high and the target is very high. high high high

low mod. mod. Longitudinal extent is assoicated with barriers that interfere with the movement of water. The current state is low and the target is moderate.

very very low Water Quality incorporates compliance with the EPA Victoria's water quality guidelines for estuaries. The current state is very low and the target is low. low low

very very low Estuarine vegetation is associated with the extent to which estuarine vegetation extent and condition is modified. The current state is very low and the target is low. low low

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 72 Steele Creek Sub-catchment

Description Steele Creek originates at Keilor Park near Melbourne Airport, flows through Keilor East under the Western Ring Road and Calder Freeway then joins the Maribyrnong estuary at Avondale Heights. The Steele Creek sub-catchment has limited areas of naturalness as a result of current and past landuse, and extensive urbanisation. Areas with some naturalness can be found on the northern side of the Western Ring Road.

"Investigate naturalising stream between Fullarton Road and Roberts Road"

"Target interventions around airport (pesticides/ herbicides)" MAP "Stormwater management – commercial areas"

"Protect Australian Mudfish habitat near confluence with Maribyrnong"

Score key: Very Low Low Moderate (mod.) High Very High

For description of scores see metrics tables at end of document

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 73 Steele Creek Performance Objectives ID Condition Supported Performance Objectives

Increase access to and along waterways from 44% to 59% (about 2 km of path) by filling gaps and improving connections with existing path network and 1 Access building new crossings (formal and informal).

Establish a continuous riparian vegetated buffer (1 km, 3 ha) and maintain existing vegetation (less than zero km, 1 ha) along priority reaches (using EVC 2 Vegetation Extent benchmarks to at least a level 3 vegetation quality).

Increase participation rates from low to high; support community groups and build capacity of land owners in upper catchment through rural programs. 3 Participation Increase business/industry participation in waterway health education and capacity building programs.

4 * Please also refer to the regional Performance Objectives that apply to all sub-catchments.

Notes: 5

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 74 Steele Creek Sub-catchment

Current Current Target state trajectory trajectory

There is currently insufficient data to assess the birds (riparian) score in Steele Creek. Current trajectory is likely to be low with fewer than expected species n/a low mod. recorded, because of habitat degradation due to increased disturbance of habitat and introduced predators as well as the effects of climate change. Target is moderate. Fish are currently rated as low due to a lack of suitable instream and riparian habitat, urban stormwater impacts and barriers to fish migration. These effects low mod. mod. are most prominent in the highly modified middle to upper reaches. The increased current trajectory score is due to climate change increasing habitat suitability for common and widespread species. Improvements to riparian vegetation and progressive improvements to stormwater will ensure a rating of moderate in the long term. Significant species present include Australian mudfish.

very very very Frogs score is very low since very few of the expected species of frog were recorded. The combined effects of reduced rainfall and flows, and urban land use low low low intensification mean the frog community is predicted to remain in a very low condition.

very very very Macroinvertebrates is very low primarily from extensive urbanisation and many reaches where the channel is highly modified. Without substantial management of urban stormwater and improvements to instream habitat and water quality, score is likely to remain very low in the face of future urban low low low growth and climate change.

very very very Platypus are no longer expected to be found in Steele Creek as a result of large-scale urbanisation, lack of suitable habitat and isolation from the Maribyrnong low low low River population.

very Vegetation is low, primarily as a result of urbanisation and persistent threats such as pest plants and animals. Without management this score will become very low low low low. The long term outcome is to prevent decline through management of key threats.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 75 Current Current Target state trajectory trajectory

very very Stormwater Condition is measured by directly connected imperviousness (DCI), which is the proportion of the impervious surface in the catchment that is low low low directly connected to a stream through a conventional drainage connection. The current state is very low and the target is low.

Physical form is the degree of geomorphic naturalness combined with likelihood of erosion occurring along bed or banks of waterways. The current state is high mod. high high and the target is high.

very Vegetation Quality is a description of quality of vegetation relative to Ecological Vegetation Classes (EVCs) and accounting for grassland or sparsely treed low low low woodland communities which do not exhibit 100 per cent canopy cover. The current state is low and the target is low.

very very Vegetation Extent denotes the percentage of reach that has continuous indigenous vegetation cover within 20 metres either side of the stream. The current low low low state is very low and the target is low.

very very Water Quality (Environmental) indicates compliance with the State Environment Protection Policy (SEPP) Waters of Victoria environmental water quality low low low objectives (EPA Water Quality Index) using the Yarra and Bay Report Card Scoring Method. The current state is very low and the target is low.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 76 Stony Creek Sub-catchment

Description Stony Creek originates in Sunshine and flows through Tottenham, West Footscray and Yarraville before entering the Yarra River at Spotswood underneath the West Gate Bridge. The Stony Creek sub-catchment has limited areas of naturalness as a result of current and past landuse, and extensive urbanisation. There are still patches of mangrove and saltmarsh in the lower reaches of the estuary.

"Increased public access (lower port area)"

"Address pollution (microplastics etc) from hot spots" MAP "Mitigate/ minimise increases in stormwater impact from infill development"

"Revegetation in key public open space areas"

Score key: Very Low Low Moderate (mod.) High Very High

For description of scores see metrics tables at end of document

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 77 Stony Creek Performance Objectives ID Condition Supported Performance Objectives

Increase access to and along waterways from 33% to 51% (about 2 km) by filling gaps and improving connections to existing path network - align with priorities 1 Access in the Stony Creek Directions Plan.

Increase participation rates from very low to high; support community groups and citizen science and build capacity of business/industry through waterway 2 Participation health education.

3 * Please also refer to the regional Performance Objectives that apply to all sub-catchments.

Notes: 4

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 78 Stony Creek Sub-catchment

Current Current Target state trajectory trajectory

There is currently insufficient data to assess the birds (riparian) score in Stony Creek. Current trajectory is likely to be low with fewer than expected species n/a low mod. recorded, because of habitat degradation due to increased disturbance and introduced predators as well as effects of climate change. Significant species include eastern great egret and intermediate egret and (rarely) common sandpiper. Target is moderate.

Fish are currently rated as low due to a lack of suitable instream and riparian habitat, urban stormwater (particularly poor water quality from industrial sites) low mod. mod. and barriers to fish migration, particularly many reaches where the channel is highly modified. The increased current trajectory score is due to climate change increasing habitat suitability for common and widespread species. Improvements to fish passage and instream habitat will ensure a rating of moderate in the long term.

very very very Frogs score is very low since very few of the expected species of frog were recorded. The combined effects of reduced rainfall and flows, and urban land use low low low intensification mean the frog community is predicted to remain in a very low condition.

very very very Platypus are no longer expected to be found in Stony Creek as a result of large-scale urbanisation, lack of suitable habitat and isolation from Yarra and low low low Maribyrnong River populations.

very very Vegetation is very low overall as a result of large scale land use change. Revegetation and improvements to existing vegetation will in long term improve score low low low to low.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 79 Current Current Target state trajectory trajectory

Physical form is the degree of geomorphic naturalness combined with likelihood of erosion occurring along bed or banks of waterways. The current state is high high high high and the target is high.

very very Vegetation Quality is a description of quality of vegetation relative to Ecological Vegetation Classes (EVCs) and accounting for grassland or sparsely treed low low low woodland communities which do not exhibit 100 per cent canopy cover. The current state is very low and the target is low.

Vegetation Extent denotes the percentage of reach that has continuous indigenous vegetation cover within 20 metres either side of the stream. The current low low low state is low and the target is low.

Access to the waterway and riparian corridor supports a range of on water, in water and beside water experiences and is an enabling condition for all three low low high social values. The current state is low and the target is high. WATERWAY CONDITIONS (10+ YEAR TARGETS) YEAR (10+ CONDITIONS WATERWAY Litter absence is a strong indicator of stream health – clean waterways are healthy waterways and aesthetically pleasing. Litter detracts from the sense of high mod. high naturalness and creates a perception that a place is uncared for. It also detracts from the enjoyment of active and passive recreation. The current state is high and the target is high.

very very Water Quality (Recreational) is critical to minimise human health risks. Exposure to pathogens (disease causing microorganisms) via primary (e.g. swimming) high and/or secondary (e.g boating) can lead to illness. Water quality guidelines set water standards for primary and secondary contact. The current state is very low low low and the target is high.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 80 Stony Creek (Port Phillip Bay) Estuary

Description The Stony Creek estuary confluence with the Yarra River is about 2.5 km upstream of the Yarra River entrance to Port Phillip Bay near Newport. The system is highly modified with bank stabilisation to prevent flooding and erosion. The substrate is primarily silt and sand. Stony Creek Backwash, which was a former bluestone quarry, supports patches of mangrove and saltmarsh.

Performance Objectives Condition ID Performance Objectives Supported

Estuarine Protect remnant estuarine vegetation communities, particularly coastal saltmarsh, through 1 Map vegetation targeting key invasive plant species.

Maintain critical flow components in refuge reaches to protect instream environmental 2 Flow regime values.

3 Access Maintain and support existing access opportunities.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 81 Stony Creek (Port Phillip Bay) Estuary Current Current Target state trajectory trajectory very very very Estuarine bird score is very low. The estuary is fringed by a highly industrial environment and the predicted climate change impacts will further erode suitable bird habitat. low low low

high high high Fish score is high and predicted to remain high in the long-term. A good diversity of estuarine dependent species inhabits the estuaries and are likely to remain.

very Vegetation is low with a current trajectory of very low. Reducing threat of invasive weeds to the little remaining areas of salt marsh will maintain vegetation at low. Adopting some low low climate change adaption strategies may mitigate some risk to vegetation, however, the estuary is fringed by highly industrialised and urbanised environments allowing little low potential for vegetation communities to migrate into more favourable less saline conditions.

Amenity which is based on the presence of facilities and activities that support passive enjoyment of the estuary is currently low and is likely to remain low in the long-term; target low low mod. is to improve to moderate.

Recreation, which is based on the presence of facilities and activities that support active recreation in the estuary, is currently moderate and is expected to remain moderate in mod. mod. high the long-term if supply keeps up with population growth; target is to improve to high.

very very low Flow regime relates to the degree of change from 'natural conditions'. The current state is very low and the target is low. low low

very very very Tidal exchange is associated the ability of sea water and freshwater to mix in the estuarine environment. The current state is very high and the target is very high. high high high

very very high Longitudinal extent is assoicated with barriers that interfere with the movement of water. The current state is high and the target is very high. high high

very very mod. Water Quality incorporates compliance with the EPA Victoria's water quality guidelines for estuaries. The current state is very low and the target is moderate. low low

very very low Estuarine vegetation is associated with the extent to which estuarine vegetation extent and condition is modified. The current state is very low and the target is low. low low

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 82 Taylors Creek Sub-catchment

Description Taylors Creek originates near Sydenham and flows through Taylors Lakes before entering the Maribyrnong River at Brimbank Park, Keilor. The Taylors Creek sub-catchment has limited areas of naturalness as a result of current and past landuse, and extensive urbanisation. Areas with some naturalness can be found along Taylors Creek within Green Gully Reserve and Brimbank Park.

Actions

The quotes below are a snapshot of actions that were brainstormed during the co-design process. These actions are provided to help spark creative thinking towards achieving the Performance Objectives. A full list of actions is available in the Collaborative Design Report. "Address litter hotspots"

"Use planning mechanisms to mitigate development impacts"

MAP "Headwater stream protection"

"Fish barrier investigation"

"Protection remaining natural values between Sunshine & Green Gully Road"

Score key: Very Low Low Moderate (mod.) High Very High

For description of scores see metrics tables at end of document

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 83 Taylors Creek Performance Objectives ID Condition Supported Performance Objectives

Determine extent of and maintain high quality vegetation along Taylors Creek and tributaries through effective monitoring and management of threats including 1 Vegetation Quality protection of endangered EVCs. Fill data gaps in mapping of high quality vegetation.

Establish a continuous riparian vegetated buffer (1 km, 2 ha) and maintain existing vegetation (1 km, 4 ha) along priority reaches (using EVC benchmarks to at 2 Vegetation Extent least a level 3 vegetation quality).

Increase access to and along waterways from 43% to 57% (about 2 km of path) by filling gaps and improving connections with existing path network, and 3 Access extending network into new urban areas.

Increase participation rates from very low to high; support community groups and citizen science and connect with growth area communities. Increase 4 Participation participation through promotion of high value species in the region (e.g. growling grass frog).

5 * Please also refer to the regional Performance Objectives that apply to all sub-catchments.

Notes: 6

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 84 Taylors Creek Sub-catchment

Current Current Target state trajectory trajectory

There is currently insufficient data to assess the birds (riparian) score in Taylors Creek. Current trajectory is likely to be low with fewer than expected species n/a low mod. because of habitat degradation due to increased disturbance of habitat and introduced predators as well as effects of climate change. Target is moderate.

Fish are currently rated as low due to a lack of suitable instream and riparian habitat, urban stormwater impacts and barriers to fish migration. These effects low mod. mod. are most prominent in the highly modified middle to upper reaches. The increased current trajectory is due to climate change increasing habitat suitability for common and widespread species. Improvements to fish passage, habitat (instream and riparian), and improved management of stormwater, will ensure a rating of moderate in the long term, particularly in the lower reaches.

very Frogs score is moderate since not as many of the expected species of frog were recorded. Despite the combined effects of reduced rainfall and flows and urban mod. mod. low land use intensification, frogs score will be maintained as moderate. The growling grass frog is a threatened species that should occur in this sub-catchment.

very very Macroinvertebrates is very low primarily from urbanisation and many reaches where the channel is highly modified, particularly in middle to upper part. With low low low improvements to riparian and instream habitat, as well as progressive management of urban stormwater, score will increase to low.

very very very Platypus are no longer expected to be found in Taylors Creek, as a result of large-scale urbanisation and lack of suitable habitat, except for potential use of the low low low lower reaches near the confluence with Maribyrnong River.

very Vegetation is low, primarily as a result of large scale urbanisation and persistent threats such as pest plants and animals. Without intervention it is predicted to low mod. low reduce to very low. Progressive revegetation and management of threats will improve score to moderate.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 85 Current Current Target state trajectory trajectory

Physical form is the degree of geomorphic naturalness combined with likelihood of erosion occurring along bed or banks of waterways. The current state is high mod. high high and the target is high.

Maribyrnong - Healthy Waterways Strategy 86 Metrics Key values metrics for rivers

Key Value Description Rating Explanation

Very High Very high level of satisfaction that waterways provide amenity Based on data from Melbourne High High level of satisfaction that waterways provide amenity Water community perceptions of waterways research on ‘satisfaction with waterways’ in Moderate Moderate level of satisfaction that waterways provide amenity relation to amenity related Low Amenity activities Low level of satisfaction that waterways provide amenity

Very Low Very low level of satisfaction that waterways provide amenity

Very High Very high level of satisfaction that waterways support community connection Based on data from Melbourne High High level of satisfaction that waterways support community connection Water community perceptions of waterways research on Moderate ‘satisfaction with waterways’ in Moderate level of satisfaction that waterways support community connection relation to community connection Community activities Low Low level of satisfaction that waterways support community connection connection Very Low Very low level of satisfaction that waterways support community connection

Very High Very high level of satisfaction that waterways support recreation

Based on data from Melbourne High High level of satisfaction that waterways support recreation Water community perceptions of waterways research on Moderate Moderate level of satisfaction that waterways support recreation ‘satisfaction with waterways’ in relation to recreation activities Low Recreation Low level of satisfaction that waterways support recreation

Very Low Very low level of satisfaction that waterways support recreation

Key values metrics for rivers continued

Key Value Description Rating Explanation

Very High Almost all expected species are frequently recorded

High Many expected species are recorded often Summed reporting rate of riparian bird species expected in that sub- catchment (from minimum of 40 Moderate Most expected species occur but some of these are only infrequently recorded appropriate surveys) Low Birds Few of the expected riparian bird species are recorded

Very Low Very few of the expected species are recorded and these in only low numbers

Very High All or almost all native freshwater species recorded in the catchment likely to be present

High Most native freshwater species recorded in the catchment likely to be present Based on habitat suitability models for native freshwater Moderate About half the native freshwater species recorded in the catchment likely to be species and survey data present Low Fish Few freshwater native species recorded in the catchment likely to be present

Very Low Very few or no native freshwater species recorded in the catchment likely to be present

Very High All, or most, of the expected species of frog are found

High Many of the expected species of frog are found Species richness (observed to expected) modified to reflect Moderate Not many of the expected species of frog are found survey effort Low Frogs Few of the expected species of frog are found

Very Low Very few of the expected species of frog are found

Key values metrics for rivers continued

Key Value Description Rating Explanation

Very High All or almost all macroinvertebrate families are predicted to be present, indicating Land Use Macroinvertebrate very good stream health Response (LUMaR) index. High Most macroinvertebrate families are predicted to be present, indicating good LUMaR is an observed to stream health expected ration index, that Moderate Some macroinvertebrate families are predicted to be present indicating moderate weights the observations of stream health macroinvertebrate families by Low number of macroinvertebrate families are predicted to be present, indicating their sensitivity to forest loss and Low Macroinvertebrates poor stream health urbanisation Very Low Very low likelihood of sensitive aquatic macroinvertebrate families being found

Very High Very high likelihood that waterways will support platypus

High High likelihood that waterways will support platypus Based on habitat suitability models that indicate likelihood Moderate that waterways will support Moderate likelihood that waterways will support platypus platypus Low Platypus Low likelihood that waterways will support platypus

Very Low Very low likelihood that waterways will support platypus

Very High High or very high naturalness and high or very high uniqueness

High Very high naturalness with very low to medium uniqueness or high naturalness and medium to high uniqueness Based on vegetation quality and Medium to high naturalness and very low to low uniqueness, or medium uniqueness derived from available Moderate naturalness and medium to high uniqueness, or very low naturalness and medium surveys uniqueness

Vegetation Low Low naturalness and very low to medium uniqueness

Very Low Very low naturalness and very low uniqueness

Waterway condition metrics for rivers

Waterway condition Description Rating Explanation

Very High DCI <0.5% minimal or no threat from stormwater Directly connected High DCI 0.5-2% minor impacts to stream health from stormwater imperviousness (DCI) is the proportion of the impervious surface that is directly connected Moderate DCI 2-5% stream health is impacted from stormwater to a stream through a Stormwater conventional drainage connection Low DCI 5-10% stream health is significantly impacted from stormwater condition Very Low DCI >10% stream health is severely impacted from stormwater

Very High Flow recommendations frequently achieved across all climate years, overall hydrological condition is considered excellent (81-100%) Compliance with environmental High Flow recommendations often achieved across all climate years, overall flow components identified hydrological condition is considered good (61-80%) through FLOWS method. The Flow recommendations often achieved in wet and average climate years and FLOWS method is a state-based Moderate occasionally achieved in dry climate years. Overall hydrological condition is approach for assessing flow considered moderate (41-60%)

Water for requirements of fresh water river Flow recommendations occasionally achieved, mostly in wet and average climate Low environment systems years but not in dry climate years. Overall hydrological condition is considered poor (21-40%) Very Low Flow recommendations rarely achieved, overall hydrological condition is considered very poor (<20%)

Very High Riparian vegetation is intact with all structural components present and very high connectivity High Riparian vegetation is relatively intact with structural elements present with high connectivity Description of quality of vegetation relative to Ecological Moderate Riparian zone consists of fragmented relevant EVC vegetation Vegetation Classes (EVCs)

Vegetation Low Riparian vegetation is highly modified, fragmented quality Very Low Riparian vegetation is highly modified, predominantly comprising exotic species

Waterway condition metrics for rivers continued

Waterway condition Description Rating Explanation

Very High Very low erosion potential – geomorphically ‘intact’ channels, bedrock control or no known triggers for instability. Primarily source headwater streams. Low erosion potential – waterways with no known active erosion, some minor High impacts from land use, local disturbance etc. Also includes waterways that have Potential of channels to erode been substantially modified. (deepen and/or widen). Score is Moderate Moderate erosion potential – waterways with no known active deepening, however an ‘on average’ assessment susceptible to widening and bank erosion due to local land use and disturbance. across the sub-catchment Low High erosion potential – waterways with known active deepening and widening, Physical form and will continue to be susceptible to erosion processes. Very high erosion potential – waterways with known active deepening and Very Low widening, in highly erodible soils, ongoing disturbance from adjacent land use and susceptible to erosion processes.

Very High Near natural – high quality waterways. Meets SEPP water quality standards

High Meets SEPP water quality standards Compliance with SEPP (Waters) environmental water quality objectives. EPA Water Quality Moderate Some evidence of water quality stress. Index Water quality – Low Under considerable stress environmental Very Low Under severe stress

Very High Meets primary contact objectives (good)

High Meets secondary contact objectives (fair) Compliance with SEPP (Waters) recreational water quality Moderate objectives (swimming is Not applicable considered as primary contact) Water quality – Low Does not meet secondary contact objectives (poor) recreational Very Low Not applicable

Waterway condition metrics for rivers continued

Waterway condition Description Rating Explanation

Very High Very high proportion of waterways have an absence of litter. Very unusual for people to do the wrong thing with litter Clean Communities Assessment High High proportion of waterways have an absence of litter, majority of people do the Tool (CCAT) methodology right thing provides a systematic Moderate Moderate proportion of waterways impacted by litter, but normally people do the assessment of littering behaviour, right thing litter and key features of public Litter places, including waterfronts Low Some waterways impacted by litter, low expectation for people to do the right thing absence Very Low Most waterways highly littered, no expectation for people to do the right thing

Very High 80-100%

High 60-80% Percentage or reach which has continuous vegetation canopy cover within 20m either side of the Moderate 40-60% stream Vegetation Low 20-40% extent Very Low 0-20%

Very High 80-100%

High 60-80% Proportion of waterway length within the sub-catchment which is Moderate free from barriers to fish 40-60% movement Instream Low 20-40% connectivity Very Low 0-20%

Waterway condition metrics for rivers continued

Waterway condition Description Rating Explanation

Very High 80-100%

High 60-80% Proportion of stream corridors that have accessible waterways Moderate 40-60% (paths) on at least one side Low Access 20-40%

Very Low 0-20%

Very High > 2% Percentage of population involved High in grants and citizen science 1-2% (related to waterways) over previous 3 years as a proportion Moderate 0.5-1% of population within sub- catchment Low Participation 0.1-0.5%

Very Low < 0.1%

Key value metrics for wetlands

Key Value Description Rating Explanation Incorporated formally recognised significance as bird habitat, Very High If 5 metrics meet criteria presences of significant species and condition of vegetation High If 4 metrics meet criteria Ramsar site = Yes /Listed

East Asian-Australasian = Yes / Moderate If 2 or 3 metrics meet criteria Listed

Nationally Important Wetlands Birds Low If 1 metric meets criteria (DIWA) = Yes / Listed Wetland vegetation condition – Very Low adjusts score up or down If no metrics meet criteria and/or vegetation condition is very poor

Very High Significant fish species (5)

High To be developed Wetland fish metric will be developed through the Strategy Moderate To be developed implementation. Significant fish = 5 Low Fish To be developed

Very Low To be developed

Very High All, or most, of the expected species of frog are found

High Many of the expected species of frog are found Key value status of the sub- catchment applied and adjusted for significant amphibians score Moderate Not many of the expected species of frog are found

Low Frog Few of the expected species of frog are found

Very Low Very few of the expected species of frog are found

Key value metrics for wetlands continued

Key Value Description Rating Explanation

Very High If all 3 metrics meet criteria (Score 5)

High If condition = 5 and one other metric meets criteria Based on vegetation condition and uniqueness derived from Moderate If condition = 3 and one other metric meets criteria or condition is 5 available surveys Low Vegetation If condition = 3 (moderate) and meets one significance metric

Very Low If condition = 1 (very poor or poor)

Waterway condition metrics for wetlands

Waterway condition Description Rating Explanation

Very High Minimal or no threat. Minor or no change

High Not applicable Simplified AVIRA threat metric – Moderate Changed water regime Moderate change

Flow Low Not applicable regime Very Low Significant change

Very High to 5% reduction in wetland area

High >5 to 25% reduction in wetland area AVIRA threat metrics – Reduced wetland area and altered wetland Moderate >25 to 50% reduction in wetland area form

Wetland Low >50 to 75% reduction in wetland area habitat form Very Low >75% reduction in wetland area

Waterway condition metrics for wetlands continued

Waterway condition Description Rating Explanation

Very High IWC Wetland Buffer Assessment Score: >17 - 20

High IWC Wetland Buffer Assessment Score: >13 - 17 AVIRA threat metric – Degraded buffer vegetation Moderate IWC Wetland Buffer Assessment Score: >9 - 13

Wetland Low IWC Wetland Buffer Assessment Score: >5 - 9 buffer condition Very Low IWC Wetland Buffer Assessment Score: 0 - 5

Very High EVCs present intact, site near reference condition (vegetation condition excellent)

High Not applicable AVIRA value metric – Wetland Moderate EVCs present show some displacement, site moderately modified (vegetation vegetation condition condition moderate to good)

Vegetation Low Not applicable condition Very Low EVCs present completely displaced and site highly modified/or no EVCs mapped

No change, low to very low land use intensity class. Adjacent land does not Very High contain Coastal Acid Sulphate Soils or inland waterway is not at high risk from acid sulphate soils High Not applicable Wetland threat metrics – Changed water properties salinity, Changed Moderate water properties nutrients and Medium land use intensity class disturbance of acid sulphate soils Wetland Low Not applicable water quality Changed salinity of wetland, high to very high land use intensity class, adjacent Very Low land has the potential to contain Coastal Acid Sulphate Soils or inland waterway is at high risk from acid sulphate soils

Key value metrics for estuaries

Key Value Description Rating Explanation

Very High Very high presence of facilities and activities that support passive enjoyment of the estuary High High presence of facilities and activities that support passive enjoyment of the Based on assessment of the estuary presence of facilities and activities Moderate Moderate presence of facilities and activities that support passive enjoyment of the that support passive enjoyment of estuary the site. Low Low presence of facilities and activities that support passive enjoyment of the Amenity estuary Very Low Very low presence of facilities and activities that support passive enjoyment of the estuary

Very High Very high presence of active community groups in the estuary area

High High presence of active community groups in the estuary area Based on assessment of the presence of active community Moderate Moderate presence of active community groups in the estuary area groups.

Community Low Low presence of active community groups in the estuary area connection Very Low Very low presence of active community groups in the estuary area

Very High Very high presence of facilities and activities that support active recreation in the estuary High High presence of facilities and activities that support active recreation in the estuary Based on assessment of the presence of facilities and activities Moderate Moderate presence of facilities and activities that support active recreation in the that support active recreation. estuary Low Low presence of facilities and activities that support active recreation in the Recreation estuary Very Low Very low presence of facilities and activities that support active recreation in the estuary

Key value metrics for estuaries continued

Key Value Description Rating Explanation

Very High If 5 metrics meet criteria Based on formally recognised significance (Ramsar, East Asian- High If 4 metrics meet criteria Australasian Fly-way Site, Nationally Important (DIWA)), supports significant bird species, Moderate If 2 or 3 metrics meet criteria Listed Important Bird Area and wetland vegetation condition. If Birds vegetation condition is moderate, Low If 1 metric meets criteria status reduces by one category

Very Low If no metrics meet criteria and/or vegetation condition is very poor

Very High Records include listed fish species

High Records include estuarine dependent (Seasonal faculta-tive and Seasonal Incorporates significant obligate) species fish, drought refuge and the Estuary Entrance Moderate Records of only non-estuarine dependent fish (marine or freshwater) species Management Support System for Fish As-set Score Low Fish Not applicable

Very Low No records of fish

Very High If all 3 metrics meet criteria (Score 5) Incorporates condition and rarity data High If condition = 5 and one other metric meets criteria Significant flora = 5 Moderate If condition = 3 and one other metric meets criteria or condition is 5 Significant EVC = 5 Low Vegetation Vegetation condition If condition = 3 (moderate) and meets one significance metric

Very Low If condition = 1 (very poor or poor)

Waterway condition metrics for estuaries

Waterway condition Description Rating Explanation

Very High Index score 8-10

High Index score 6-8 AVIRA threat metric: based on level of alteration to flow regimes – magnitude and monthly and Moderate Index score 4-6 seasonal variability Flow Low Index score 2-4 regime Very Low Index score 0-2

Very High No artificial openings or regular dredging or training walls

High < 25% artificial openings or regular dredging or training walls AVIRA threat metric: based on characteristics of estuary opening, Moderate manipulation required, and Not applicable potential impact on ecology Tidal Low 25-50% artificial openings or regular dredging or training walls exchange Very Low > 50% artificial openings or regular dredging or training walls

Very High No artificial barriers exist

AVIRA threat metric: based High 1-25% of estuary affected by artificial barrier presence/absence of a barrier and distance of barrier Moderate 25-50% of estuary affected by artificial barrier downstream from the ‘natural’

head of the estuary Longitudinal Low >50% of estuary affected by artificial barrier extent Very Low Artificial barrier can completely block movement of water

Waterway condition metrics for estuaries continued

Waterway condition Description Rating Explanation

Very High Very high level water quality – minimal stress

High AVIRA threat metric: EPA water High level of water quality – some stress quality guidelines for estuaries, frequency of algal blooms and Moderate Moderate level of water quality and stress excessive macrophyte growth Low Water quality Poor water quality

Very Low Very poor water quality

Very High Vegetation is intact with all structural component present and very high connectivity High Vegetation is relatively intact, most structural component present and high AVIRA threat metric: based on connectivity condition of fringing vegetation Moderate Vegetation consists of fragmented relevant EVCs and extent of invasive plants

Estuarine Low Vegetation is highly modified and fragmented vegetation Very Low Vegetation is highly modified, predominantly comprising invasive species

Very High No restrictions – very high level of naturalness

High AVIRA threat metric: based on Minimal level of restriction – high level of naturalness level of restriction for estuarine biota that require connection with Moderate Moderate level of restriction adjacent wetlands and floodplains Estuarine Low High level of restriction – low level of naturalness wetland connectivity Very Low Significant level of restriction – very low level of naturalness

Note: The Aquatic Values Information and Risk Assessment Framework has been applied (AVIRA). Macroinvertebrates – Value considered significant for wetlands. Appropriate metric to be developed during Strategy implementation. Frog and Platypus – Values not considered estuarine dependent, although it is noted that they opportunistically inhabit these environments. Co-Designed Catchment Program for the Maribyrnong Catchment Region (including Moonee Ponds Creek) – October 2018 | Version 1

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