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Zooarchaeology and Modern Human Origins Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology Series Zooarchaeology and Modern Human Origins Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology Series Edited by Eric Delson Vertebrate Paleontology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA [email protected] Eric J. Sargis Anthropology, Yale University New Haven, CT 06520, USA [email protected] Focal topics for volumes in the series will include systematic paleontology of all vertebrates (from agnathans to humans), phylogeny reconstruction, functional morphology, Paleolithic archaeology, taphonomy, geochronology, historical bioge- ography, and biostratigraphy. Other fields (e.g., paleoclimatology, paleoecology, ancient DNA, total organismal com- munity structure) may be considered if the volume theme emphasizes paleobiology (or archaeology). Fields such as modeling of physical processes, genetic methodology, nonvertebrates or neontology are out of our scope. Volumes in the series may either be monographic treatments (including unpublished but fully revised dissertations) or edited collections, especially those focusing on problem-oriented issues, with multidisciplinary coverage where possible. Editorial Advisory Board Nicholas Conard (University of Tübingen), John G. Fleagle (Stony Brook University), Jean-Jacques Hublin (Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology), Ross D. E. MacPhee (American Museum of Natural History), Peter Makovicky (The Field Museum), Sally McBrearty (University of Connecticut), Jin Meng (American Museum of Natural History), Tom Plummer (Queens College/CUNY), Mary Silcox (University of Toronto). For other titles published in this series, go to www.springer.com/series/6978 Zooarchaeology and Modern Human Origins: Human Hunting Behavior during the Later Pleistocene Edited by Jamie L. Clark Department of Anthropology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA John D. Speth Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 123 Editors Jamie L. Clark John D. Speth Department of Anthropology Museum of Anthropology University of Alaska Fairbanks University of Michigan Fairbanks, AK Ann Arbor, MI USA USA ISSN 1877-9077 ISSN 1877-9085 (electronic) ISBN 978-94-007-6765-2 ISBN 978-94-007-6766-9 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-6766-9 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg New York London Library of Congress Control Number: 2013940746 Ó Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2013 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Product Liability: While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Cover Illustration: The cover image of a fallow deer (Dama mesopotamica) was taken by nature photographer Eyal Bartov in 2011 at the Hai Bar Carmel Nature Reserve (Israel), and is reproduced here from the photographer’s ‘‘Mammals of Israel’’ series with the permission of Eyal Bartov. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) Preface The period between 71 and 25 ka (Marine Isotope Stages [MIS] 4 and 3) was a critical one in the evolution of our species. This time span witnessed the spread of anatomically modern humans across the Old World, the disappearance of the Neanderthals, the transition from Middle Stone Age (MSA)/Middle Paleolithic (MP) tool traditions to Later Stone Age (LSA)/Upper Paleolithic (UP) technologies, an explosion of evidence for material culture with symbolic significance, and significant global population growth. Climatically speaking, the phase preserves the transition from a glacial period to an interstadial, with records indicating the onset of remarkably high variability in cli- mate during MIS 3. The recent publication of genetic data which indicate that not only were Neanderthals and early modern humans capable of interbreeding, but that Neanderthals did make a genetic contribution to our species, has made it clear that gaining a deeper insight into potential behavioral differences between these popula- tions—particularly in terms of their adaptive strategies/capabilities—will be of key importance in understanding not only the rapid spread and success of early modern humans, but also the ultimate demise of the Neanderthals. The zooarchaeological record provides unique insight into these issues, serving as a valuable source of information on human responses to changes in both climate and demography, and on the ways which variation in technology may have impacted hunting and processing strategies. This volume, which is based on a session that was held at the 11th International Conference of the International Council of Archaeozoology (ICAZ) in Paris in August 2010, brings together a diverse group of scholars who have worked with faunal assemblages dating to MIS 4 and/or 3 from Eurasia and Africa, in order to more fully explore the range and nature of variability in human hunting behavior during this period, and to explore the ways that the zooarchaeological record can contribute to our broader understanding of modern human origins. We would like to thank the many people who made this volume possible; first, the organizing committee of the 11th International ICAZ Conference, Drs. Jean-Denis Vigne, Christine Lefe` vre, and Maryle` ne Patou-Mathis, who helped make the Paris meetings a tremendous success. Thanks also to all the participants in our session—both oral and poster presentations were interesting, informative, and stimulating. Special thanks go to those who prepared their presentations for publication in this volume— their hard work (and patience) is much appreciated. We also owe a debt of gratitude to all those who responded to our requests for reviews—especially to those individuals who graciously agreed to review more than one chapter. Finally, thanks to Judith Terpos and the team at Springer, as well as to Eric Delson and Eric J. Sargis, the Editors of the Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology Series, for their support throughout the publication process. v Contents 1 Introduction: Zooarchaeology and Modern Human Origins ............ 1 Jamie L. Clark and John D. Speth 2 Exploring the Relationship Between Climate Change and the Decline of the Howieson’s Poort at Sibudu Cave (South Africa) ............... 9 Jamie L. Clark 3 Middle Paleolithic Large-Mammal Hunting in the Southern Levant...... 19 John D. Speth 4 Middle Paleolithic Prey Choice Inferred from a Natural Pitfall Trap: Rantis Cave, Israel .......................................... 45 Reuven Yeshurun 5 New Opportunities for Previously Excavated Sites: Paleoeconomy as a Human Evolutionary Indicator at Tabun Cave (Israel) ............ 59 Ana B. Marín-Arroyo 6 New Contributions on Subsistence Practices during the Middle-Upper Paleolithic in Northern Spain .................................. 77 José Yravedra Sainz de los Terreros 7 Iberian Archaeofaunas and Hominin Subsistence during Marine Isotope Stages 4 and 3 ....................................... 97 Lawrence Guy Straus 8 Animal Exploitation Strategies during the Uluzzian at Grotta di Fumane (Verona, Italy) .................................... 129 Antonio Tagliacozzo, Matteo Romandini, Ivana Fiore, Monica Gala and Marco Peresani 9 A Diachronic Evaluation of Neanderthal Cervid Exploitation and Site Use at Pech de l’Azé IV, France ......................... 151 Laura Niven 10 Neanderthal to Neanderthal Evolution: Preliminary Observations on Faunal Exploitation from Mousterian to Châtelperronian at Arcy-sur-Cure ........................................... 163 James G. Enloe vii viii Contents 11 The Importance of Fish, Fowl and Small Mammals in the Paleolithic Diet of the Swabian Jura, Southwestern Germany ................... 173 Nicholas J. Conard, Keiko Kitagawa, Petra Krönneck, Madelaine Böhme and Susanne C. Münzel 12 Neanderthals and Cave Hyenas: Co-existence, Competition or Conflict?. 191 Gerrit L. Dusseldorp 13 Bone Grease Rendering in Mousterian Contexts: The Case of Noisetier Cave (Fréchet-Aure, Hautes-Pyrénées, France) ..................... 209 Sandrine Costamagno 14 Foraging Goals
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