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Curren T Anthropology Forthcoming Current Anthropology Wenner-Gren Symposium Curren Supplementary Issues (in order of appearance) t VOLUME 54 SUPPLEMENT 8 DECEMBER 2013 Crisis, Value, and Hope: Rethinking the Economy. Susana Narotzky and Anthropolog Current Niko Besnier, eds. e Anthropology of Christianity: Unity, Diversity, New Directions. Joel Robbins and Naomi Haynes, eds. Anthropology Politics of the Urban Poor. Veena Das and Shalini Randeria, eds. y Previously Published Supplementary Issues THE WENNER-GREN SYMPOSIUM SERIES December 2013 Working Memory: Beyond Language and Symbolism. omas Wynn and ALTERNATIVE PATHWAYS TO COMPLEXITY: Frederick L. Coolidge, eds. EVOLUTIONARY TRAJECTORIES IN THE MIDDLE Engaged Anthropology: Diversity and Dilemmas. Setha M. Low and Sally PALEOLITHIC AND MIDDLE STONE AGE Engle Merry, eds. GUEST EDITORS: STEVEN L. KUHN AND ERELLA HOVERS Corporate Lives: New Perspectives on the Social Life of the Corporate Form. Damani Partridge, Marina Welker, and Rebecca Hardin, eds. Alternative Pathways to Complexity V e Origins of Agriculture: New Data, New Ideas. T. Douglas Price and olum Mediterranean and Red Sea Paleoclimate Ofer Bar-Yosef, eds. Neanderthal Demographic Estimates e 54 Agreements and Misunderstandings among Three Scientific Fields e Biological Anthropology of Living Human Populations: World Histories, National Styles, and International Networks. Susan Lindee Hominin Evolution in the Middle-Late Pleistocene and Ricardo Ventura Santos, eds. Variability in the Middle Stone Age of Eastern Africa Supplement Roots of the Middle Paleolithic in Eurasia Human Biology and the Origins of Homo. Susan Antón and Leslie C. Aiello, eds. Middle Stone Age Hunting Strategies and Diet Breadth Trends versus Conservatism in the Predatory Niche Potentiality and Humanness: Revisiting the Anthropological Object in Technological Trends in the Middle Stone Age of South Africa Contemporary Biomedicine. Klaus Hoeyer and Karen-Sue Taussig, eds. Change and Stasis in the Iberian Middle Paleolithic 8 Lessons from the Levantine Middle Paleolithic Record Paleolithic Cultures in China Current Anthropology is sponsored by e Mechanisms behind MP and MSA Cultural Trajectories Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Population Size and the Paleolithic Archaeological Record Research, a foundation endowed for scientific, Page educational, and charitable purposes. e Measuring the Complexity of Lithic Technology Foundation, however, is not to be understood as s endorsing, by virtue of its financial support, any of S173–S406 the statements made, or views expressed, herein. Sponso r e d b y the W enner-Gren Founda tion f o r Anth r opologic a l Rese a r c h THE UNIVERSIT Y O F CHICAGO PRESS Wenner-Gren Symposium Series Editor: Leslie Aiello Wenner-Gren Symposium Series Managing Editors: Laurie Obbink and Daniel Salas Current Anthropology Editor: Mark Aldenderfer Current Anthropology Managing Editor: Lisa McKamy Book Reviews Editor: Holley Moyes Corresponding Editors: Claudia Briones (IIDyPCa-Universidad Nacional de Rı´o Negro, Argentina; [email protected]), Michalis Kontopodis (Humboldt Universita¨t zu Berlin, Germany; [email protected]), Jose´Luis Lanata (Universidad Nacional de Rı´o Negro San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina; [email protected]), David Palmer (Hong Kong University, China; [email protected]), Anne de Sales (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, France; [email protected]), Zhang Yinong (Shanghai University, China; [email protected]) Please send all editorial correspondence to Reasons of practicality or law make it necessary or desirable Mark Aldenderfer to circulate Current Anthropology without charge in certain School of Social Sciences, Humanities, and Arts portions of the world; it is hoped, however, that recipients of University of California, Merced this journal without charge will individually or collectively in 5200 North Lake Road various groups apply funds or time and energy to the world Merced, CA 95343, U.S.A. good of humankind through the human sciences. Information (fax: 209-228-4007; e-mail: [email protected]) concerning applicable countries is available on request. Individual subscription rates for 2014: $76 print ϩ elec- ᭧ 2013 by The Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological tronic, $45 print-only, $44 e-only. Institutional print ϩ elec- Research. All rights reserved. Current Anthropology (issn tronic and e-only subscriptions are available through JSTOR’s 0011-3204) is published bimonthly in February, April, June, Current Scholarship Program and include unlimited online August, October, and December by The University of Chicago access; rates are tiered according to an institution’s type and Press, 1427 East 60th Street, Chicago, IL 60637-2954. research output: $314 to $628 (print ϩ electronic), $273 to Periodicals postage paid at Chicago, IL, and at additional $546 (e-only). Institutional print-only is $332. For additional mailing offices. Postmaster: Send address changes to rates, including single copy rates and print-only or electronic- Current Anthropology, P.O. Box 37005, Chicago, IL 60637. only subscriptions, please visit www.journals.uchicago.edu/ CA. Additional taxes and/or postage for non-US subscriptions may apply. Free or deeply discounted access is available to readers in most developing nations through the Chicago Emerging Nations Initiative (www.journals.uchicago.edu/ ceni/). Please direct subscription inquiries, back-issue requests, and address changes to the University of Chicago Press, Jour- nals Division, P.O. Box 37005, Chicago, IL 60637. Telephone: (773) 753-3347 or toll-free in the United States and Canada (877) 705-1878. Fax: (773) 753-0811 or toll-free (877) 705- 1879. E-mail: [email protected] Current Anthropology Volume 54 Supplement 8 December 2013 Alternative Pathways to Complexity: Evolutionary Trajectories in the Middle Paleolithic and Middle Stone Age Leslie C. Aiello Alternative Pathways to Complexity: Evolutionary Trajectories in the Middle Paleolithic and Middle Stone Age: Wenner-Gren Symposium Supplement 8 S173 Steven L. Kuhn and Erella Hovers Alternative Pathways to Complexity: Evolutionary Trajectories in the Middle Paleolithic and Middle Stone Age: An Introduction to Supplement 8 S176 Eelco J. Rohling, Katharine M. Grant, Andrew P. Roberts, and Juan-Cruz Larrasoan˜a Paleoclimate Variability in the Mediterranean and Red Sea Regions during the Last 500,000 Years: Implications for Hominin Migrations S183 Jean-Pierre Bocquet-Appel and Anna Degioanni Neanderthal Demographic Estimates S202 Carles Lalueza-Fox Agreements and Misunderstandings among Three Scientific Fields: Paleogenomics, Archaeology, and Human Paleontology S214 Osbjorn M. Pearson Hominin Evolution in the Middle-Late Pleistocene: Fossils, Adaptive Scenarios, and Alternatives S221 Christian A. Tryon and J. Tyler Faith Variability in the Middle Stone Age of Eastern Africa S234 Steven L. Kuhn Roots of the Middle Paleolithic in Eurasia S255 Jamie L. Clark and Andrew W. Kandel The Evolutionary Implications of Variation in Human Hunting Strategies and Diet Breadth during the Middle Stone Age of Southern Africa S269 http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/CA MaryC.Stiner An Unshakable Middle Paleolithic? Trends versus Conservatism in the Predatory Niche and Their Social Ramifications S288 Sarah Wurz Technological Trends in the Middle Stone Age of South Africa between MIS 7 and MIS 3 S305 Ignacio de la Torre, Jorge Martı´nez-Moreno, and Rafael Mora Change and Stasis in the Iberian Middle Paleolithic: Considerations on the Significance of Mousterian Technological Variability S320 Erella Hovers and Anna Belfer-Cohen On Variability and Complexity: Lessons from the Levantine Middle Paleolithic Record S337 Xing Gao Paleolithic Cultures in China: Uniqueness and Divergence S358 Francesco d’Errico and William E. Banks Identifying Mechanisms behind Middle Paleolithic and Middle Stone Age Cultural Trajectories S371 Mark Collard, Briggs Buchanan, and Michael J. O’Brien Population Size as an Explanation for Patterns in the Paleolithic Archaeological Record: More Caution Is Needed S388 Charles Perreault, P. Jeffrey Brantingham, Steven L. Kuhn, Sarah Wurz, and Xing Gao Measuring the Complexity of Lithic Technology S397 Current Anthropology Volume 54, Supplement 8, December 2013 S173 Alternative Pathways to Complexity: Evolutionary Trajectories in the Middle Paleolithic and Middle Stone Age Wenner-Gren Symposium Supplement 8 by Leslie C. Aiello Figure 1. Seated: Leslie Aiello, Xing Gao, Francesco d’Errico, Christian Tryon, Erella Hovers. Standing: Ignacio de la Torre, Jamie Clark, Sarah Wurz, Anna Degioanni, Eelco Rohling, Mary Stiner, Osbjorn Pearson, Mark Collard, Charles Perreault, Steve Kuhn, Ariel Malinsky-Buller. A color version of this photo appears in the online edition of Current Anthropology. The Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research supplement of Current Anthropology (see http://www has a long tradition of organizing symposia that deal with the .wennergren.org/history/conferences-seminars-symposia “big” questions in contemporary anthropology. Alternative /wenner-gren-symposia for a complete list of symposia and Pathways to Complexity: Evolutionary Trajectories in the Middle the history of the symposium program). The Alternative Path- Paleolithic and Middle Stone Age is the 145th in the sympo- ways symposium was organized by Steven L. Kuhn (University sium series and the eighth to be published as an open-access of Arizona, U.S.A.) and Erella Hovers (Hebrew University, Israel) and was held
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