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INFORМATION BШ,IETIN Number 34 $ 5.00 The Assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. ~ч ~. Were these men part of а government conspiracy ~ to kill King? 'Ч 1 Editorial This issue of СА/В is а glimpse at the many faces of the U .S. U .S. government has sent food and covert military aid to sup intelligence apparatus. From the CIA's involvement in а port the guerrilla coalition. Pol Pot's Кhmer Rouge is Ьу far variety of conflicts in SouthEastAsia to the assassination of the strongest military contingent. If victorious, they would Ье Martin Luther Кing Jr., we examine the breadth of illegal ac in а position to gain complete power and return war-ravaged tivities wblch the government attempts to cover up and which Cambodia to the nightmarish rule of the 1970s. the mainstream media is afraid to explore. Finally, the assassination ofMartin Luther КingJr. must Ье Information about CIA operations in Central America reexamined in response to new evidence which reveals that continues to surface. The CIA organized and controlled а J ames Earl Ray may have been set up. А self-professed politi group of Costa Rican intelligence officers who, for large cal assassin, Jules Ron КimЫе, claims that he was part of а retainers, spied on their own government. For many years the conspiracy to kill Кing. КimЫе says that he helped several CIA clouded the fact that Manuel Noriega's relationship with members of the CIA plan and carry out Кing's murder. Addi the Medellin Cartel made him а veryrich man. However, when tionally, new evidence suggests that there was а CIA "iden Noriega began to tire of toeing the U.S. line, George Bush tities" specialist who helped Ray develop his aliases. decided to act. Panama was invaded, thousands of civilians These articles, as well as others in this issue, demonstrate were killed, and Noriega was captured. Now Noriega will how U.S. covert operations repeatedly work in direct con stand trial for activities that the U.S. once condoned. tradiction to our society's professed values. If the United Perhaps even more appalling is the U.S. backing of the States is ever to achieve the openness and democracy that it Кhmer Rouge in their attempt to overthrow the Hun Sen so loudly touts to the world, it will first have to do away with government in Cambodia. Into this devastating conflict the the destructive operations of the CIA. • ТаЫе of Contents Editorial 2 U.S. Supports the Кhmer Rouge 37 Covert Operations in Costa Rica 3 Ьу J ack Colhoun Ьу Tony Avirgan Тhе Bomblng of Рап Am 103 41 Panama: U.S. Addiction to National Security 6 Ьу Jeff Jones Ьу Robert Matthews Тhе Marcos Network and Murder 45 Testimony to an Invasion 13 byDanJunas Inside the South African Govemment 14 El Salvador: А Pattem ofU.S. Complicity 51 Interviewby Jane Hunter Ьу David Кirsh Тhе Council for National Policy 17 PuЫications of lnterest 54 Ьу Russ Bellant Taiwan Govemment Agents in the U.S. 55 Тhе Assassination of Martin Luther Кing Jr. 21 Ьу Marc J. Cohen Ьу J ohn Edginton and J ohn Sergeant Тhе History of Operation СНАОS 59 Тhе U.S. Invades Panama 28 Ьу Verne Lyon Ьу Howard Friel South African Death Squads 63 Nicaraguan "Electoral Coup" 31 Ьу William 1. Robinson Cover Photo: Martin Luther Кing Jr. Credit: Clover International; Washington Star collection, D.C. PuЬlic Library. James Earl Ray and Jules Ron КimЫе. Credit: Otmoor Productions. Cover design Ьу Кatbleen Cashel. Back Cover Photo: Pol Pot in China. Credit: Hsinhu.a News Agency. CovertAction Information Bulletin, Number 34, Summer 1990, copyright © 1990 Ьу Covert Action PuЫications, lnc., а District of Columbla Nonprofit Corporation; Р.О. Вох 34583, Washington, D.C. 20043; (202) 331-9763; and с/о lnstitute for Media Analysis, lnc., 145 W. 4th St., New York, NY 10012; (212) 254-1061. All rights reserved. Staff: Ellen Ray, William Schaap, William Vomberger, and Louis Wolf. Photographyconsultant: Dolores Neuman. Typeset Ьу СА/В. lndexed in the Altemative Press lndex. ISSN 0275-309х. 2 CovertAction NumЬer 34 (Summer 1990) -г The CIA and lts "Bables:" Covert Operations in Costa Rica Ьу Топу Avirgan* Costa Rica has charged two CIA operatives with first de Chavarria and the OU agents who worked with him have gree nшrder for the 1984 terrorist bombing of а news con become something of pariahs within their organization. The ference at La Penca, Nicaragua. А request for the extradition, agents accused of working for the CIA have generally not on murder charges, of lran/contra figure John Hull has been denied the charges, but have argued that close cooperation forwarded t0-the Costa Rican Embassyin Washington and will with the CIA and the U.S. Embassy has long been the norm soon Ье presented to the State Department. and had the approval of the highest Costa Rican authorities. Hull, а 20-year resident of Costa Rica,jumped bail last year Тhе La Penca bombing, at а contra camp just inside Ni rather than face drug and arms trafficking charges and is now caragua, killed three jo\Jrnalists-two Costa Ricans and а living in Potoka, Indiana. The drug trafficking charges were North American - and seriously wounded two dozen more. suspended due to а technicality, but Hull now faces the mur Тhе intended target, maverick contra leader Eden Pastora, es der charge as well. caped with serious injuries. The other CIA operative charged with murder is Felipe Although the bombing itself took place just inside Ni Vidal, who, since 1983, has clandestinely traveled between caragua, all the planning and preparation took place in Costa Central America and Miami. One of his pet projects was in Rica, the U.S., Honduras, and Panama. Costa Rican law al volving Cuban-Americans in the contra war so they could gain lows for prosecution of crimes committed against Costa Rican combat experience in preparation for а war against Cuba.1 nationals outside the country. Several months ago, Jorge Chavarria, а senior prosecutor Hull has admitted in severalinterviews to taking orders and charged with overseeing an investigation of La Penca for the money from the CIA. Pastora says that he was first introduced Costa RicanAttorney General, issued а preliminaryinvestiga to Hull Ьу the then CIA station chief who said "Mr. Huil is tive report exposing а conspiracy of espionage, drug traffick- your liaison.'.4 Hull's name appeared in diagrams in Oliver , ing, and murder carried out Ьу U.S., Panamanian, and Costa North's notebooks showing the supply chain to contras in Rican officials acting for the CIA.2 CostaRica. The murder charges stem from that carefully footnoted, 54- Felipe Vidal, а shadowy Miami based Cuban-American, page report. Chavarria, working with а special team of agents who spends much time in Costa Rica, has identified himself from the Office of Judicial Investigations (OU)-roughly e to numerous contras, including Pastora, as а CIA agent. Не quivalent to the FВI-says the 1984 La Penca news con constantly carries а .45 caliber pistol in а shoulder holster and ference bombing was the work of Nicaraguan contras, the is known and feared among contras as an assassin. Не kept а CIA, and Pahamanian General Manuel Noriega. The report crossbow in а guest room at Hull's ranch.5 recommended that first-degree murder charges Ье Шеd a The Attorney General's report Ыames Costa Rica's failure gainst Hull and Vidal and that charges of "illicit enrichment" to investigate the crime f or the past five years on the f act that Ье Шеd against nearly а score of Costa Rican security officials police officials in charge of the investigation were being paid who were secretly on the CIA payroll. Ьу the CIA. It says the CIA fed Costa Rican investigators false Most OU agents have been trained Ьу the FВI, the CIA, or information. · right wing security services in places such as Taiwan, Chile The report also details the creation, Ьу the CIA, of а spe ( under PiПochet), Argentina ( during military rule) or Israel.3 cial 15-member unit within Costa Rica's Directorate of Intel *Tony Avirgan has covered events in Central America for manyyears and ligence and Security (DIS). This unit took orders from the now lives in San Jose, Costa Rica. For more on his role in the investigation U.S. Embassy rather than from anyone in the Costa Rican of the La Penca bomblng, see sidebar, this article. government. It had its own offices, rented bythe U.S. Embas-' 1. For more on Vidal's role in the contrawar, see: Tony Avirgan and Mar tha Honey, La Репса, Reporte de ила Investigacion (San Jose, Costa Rica: sy, and took orders from а CIA agent named Dimitrius Papas, Editorial Porvenir, 1989); Lindsey Gruson, "Costa Rica isAsking U.S. to Ех• according to the report. Papas, known as "Рар~" called his tradite Rancher," New York Times, March 1, 1990. Costa Rican underlings "Тhе Bables."6 2. Chavarria's information was gathered over а one-year period with the help of two OU agents. Тheir findings are reported in а document entitled, 4. In an interview on CВS's "West 57th Street" in 1987, Eden Pastora ad "Тhе PuЫic Prosecutor's {nvestigation of the 'La Penca' Case,'' San Jose, mitted that Hull was his CIA contact person in Costa Rica. Pastora also ad Costa Rica, December 26, 1989. Copies of this document have been circulated mitted this in his deposition for the Christic lnstitute's suit. Hull himself, amongjoumalists in Costa Rica.