DOCSLIB.ORG

National Park Service Complex

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
National Park Service Complex PROGRAM ERITAGE H NATURAL Wetland Conservation Priorities for Western Washington. A Focus on Rare & High-quality Wetland & Riparian Plant Associations WASHINGTON Prepared for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 10 Prepared by F. Joseph Rocchio, Rex C. Crawford, and Rebecca Niggemann September 30, 2014 Natural Heritage Report 2014-08 Wetland Conservation Priorities for Western Washington. A Focus on Rare & High-quality Wetland & Riparian Plant Associations Washington Natural Heritage Program Report Number: 2014-08 September 30, 2014 Prepared by: F. Joseph Rocchio, Rex C. Crawford, and Rebecca Niggemann Washington Natural Heritage Program Washington Department of Natural Resources Olympia, Washington 98504-7014 .ON THE COVER: (clockwise from top left) South Nolan Creek (North Pacific Lowland Confined Riparian Forest); Marsh Creek (North Pacific Lowland Moderately Rich Sloping Fen, North Pacific Forested Seepage Swamp, Vancouverian Lowland Riverine-Impounded Shrub Swamp ); Elk Lake (North Pacific Lowland Poor Water Track & Floating Bog Mat); and Loomis Lake (Western North American Temperate Freshwater Lowland Floating-leaved Rooted Aquatic Bed). Photograph by: Joe Rocchio Table of Contents Page Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................ ii Figures.......................................................................................................................................... viii Tables .............................................................................................................................................. x Appendices .................................................................................................................................... xii Executive Summary ..................................................................................................................... xiii Acknowledgments...................................................................................................................... xxxi 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Project Overview ............................................................................................................... 3 1.2 Project Scope and Objectives ............................................................................................ 4 1.2.1 What Types of Wetland Elements Occur in Western Washington? .......................... 6 1.2.2 What is the Biodiversity Significance of the Wetland Elements? ............................. 6 1.2.3 Where Are Known Wetlands of High Conservation Value in Western Washington? ....................................................................................................................... 7 1.2.4 What the Current Protection Status of Known Wetlands of High Conservation Value? ........................................................................................................... 7 1.2.5 Where are Potential New Wetlands of High Conservation Value in Western Washington? ......................................................................................................... 7 1.2.6 What are the Trends in Ecological Integrity, Wetland Functions, and Stressors Associated with Wetlands of High Conservation Value in Western Washington? ....................................................................................................................... 8 1.3 Products and Outputs ......................................................................................................... 8 2 Project Area ................................................................................................................................. 9 2.1 Climate Overview .............................................................................................................. 9 2.2 Geology Overview ............................................................................................................. 9 2.3 Topography and Hydrogeologic Settings ........................................................................ 10 2.4 Ecoregions of Western Washington ................................................................................ 10 2.4.1 Puget Trough Ecoregion .......................................................................................... 11 2.4.2 Northwest Coast Ecoregion ..................................................................................... 14 2.4.3 North Cascades Ecoregion ....................................................................................... 16 ii 2.4.4 West Cascades Ecoregion ........................................................................................ 17 3 Natural Heritage Methodology .................................................................................................. 20 3.1 Natural Heritage Methodology ........................................................................................ 20 3.2 Elements of Biodiversity ................................................................................................. 21 3.2.1 Species ..................................................................................................................... 22 3.2.2 Ecosystems ............................................................................................................... 22 3.3 Element Conservation Status Rank ................................................................................. 23 3.3.1 Conservation Status of Rare Plants .......................................................................... 25 3.3.2 Conservation Status of Ecosystem Elements ........................................................... 25 3.4 Element Occurrences ....................................................................................................... 25 3.4.1 Rare Plant Element Occurrences ............................................................................. 26 3.4.2 Ecosystem Element Occurrences ............................................................................. 26 3.5 Element Occurrence Ranks (Ecological Integrity Assessment Rank) ............................. 26 3.5.1 Rare Plant Element Occurrence Rank...................................................................... 27 3.5.2 Ecosystem Element Occurrence Rank (=Ecological Integrity Rank) ...................... 28 3.6 Determination of Wetland of High Conservation Value Status ...................................... 28 3.6.1 Using Sensitive Plant Species to Designate Wetlands of High Conservation Value ........................................................................................................... 28 3.6.2 Using Ecosystem Elements to Designate Wetlands of High Conservation Value ................................................................................................................................. 29 3.6.3 Proposing New Wetlands of High Conservation Value to Washington Natural Heritage Program ................................................................................................. 29 4 Ecological Integrity Assessment Methods ................................................................................. 31 4.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 31 4.2 Ecological Integrity Assessment Methods ....................................................................... 31 4.2.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 31 4.2.2 EIA Approach to Assessing Ecological Condition .................................................. 31 4.2.3 Level 1 Ecological Integrity Assessment ................................................................. 32 4.2.4 Level 2 Ecological Integrity Assessments ............................................................... 33 5 Field Methods ............................................................................................................................ 35 5.1 Prioritizing Field Surveys of Known Plant Association-based Wetlands of High Conservation Value ...................................................................................................... 35 iii 5.2 Prioritizing Field Surveys for Undocumented Wetlands of High Conservation Value. ..................................................................................................................................... 35 5.3 Office Preparations .......................................................................................................... 36 5.4 Mobile Data Collection and Field Forms ........................................................................ 36 5.5 Field Data Collected ........................................................................................................ 39 5.5.1 General Site Characteristics ..................................................................................... 39 5.5.2 Vegetation Data ....................................................................................................... 39 5.5.3 Ecological Integrity Assessment Data ..................................................................... 39 5.5.4 Ecological Observations for Non-targeted Wetlands .............................................. 40 5.5.5 Wetland Function Assessment (Wetland Rating System)
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Draft Plant Propagation Protocol
    Plant Propagation Protocol for Agrostis scabra ESRM 412 – Native Plant Production Protocol URL: https://courses.washington.edu/esrm412/protocols/AGSC5.pdf TAXONOMY Family Names Family Scientific Name Poaceae Family Common Name Grass Family Scientific Names Genus Agrostis L. Species scabra Authority Willd. Varieties N/A Sub-species N/A Cultivar N/A Common Synonym(s) Agrostis scabra Willd. var. geminata (Trin.) Swallen Agrostis scabra Willd. var. septentrionalis Fernald Agrostis scabra Willd. subsp. septentrionalis (Fernald) Á. Löve & D. Löve Agrostis geminata Trin. Agrostis hyemalis (Walter) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. var. geminata (Trin.) Hitchc. Agrostis hyemalis (Walter) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. var. scabra (Willd.) Blomquist Agrostis hyemalis (Walter) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. var. tenuis (Tuck.) Gleason Common Name(s) Rough bentgrass, hair bentgrass, winter bentgrass ticklegrass, fly-away grass Species Code (as per USDA Plants AGSC5 database) GENERAL INFORMATION Geographical range Native range in North America (6 – numbers in parenthesis refer to reference number in citations) Counties with AGSC5 in Washington state with green circles representing specimen markers for AGSC5 (1). Ecological distribution Open parks that are wet in spring and early summer and dry out as growing season progresses (8). Also occurs in moist meadows and along streams (7). Often found at disturbed sites, especially in clearings and roadsides. Found in rocky slopes, gravelly river bars and on rocks near waterfalls (7) Has a facultative wetland indicator status (6) Climate and elevation range Common at low to middle elevations (7). Local habitat and abundance See WA distribution map. Associated with myriad species but common with spruce-cedar-hemlock forests in western Washington (4). Plant strategy type / successional Facultative Seral Species that is generally a pioneer or stage invader species that thrives in open sunny locations (4).
    [Show full text]
  • NJ Native Plants - USDA
    NJ Native Plants - USDA Scientific Name Common Name N/I Family Category National Wetland Indicator Status Thermopsis villosa Aaron's rod N Fabaceae Dicot Rubus depavitus Aberdeen dewberry N Rosaceae Dicot Artemisia absinthium absinthium I Asteraceae Dicot Aplectrum hyemale Adam and Eve N Orchidaceae Monocot FAC-, FACW Yucca filamentosa Adam's needle N Agavaceae Monocot Gentianella quinquefolia agueweed N Gentianaceae Dicot FAC, FACW- Rhamnus alnifolia alderleaf buckthorn N Rhamnaceae Dicot FACU, OBL Medicago sativa alfalfa I Fabaceae Dicot Ranunculus cymbalaria alkali buttercup N Ranunculaceae Dicot OBL Rubus allegheniensis Allegheny blackberry N Rosaceae Dicot UPL, FACW Hieracium paniculatum Allegheny hawkweed N Asteraceae Dicot Mimulus ringens Allegheny monkeyflower N Scrophulariaceae Dicot OBL Ranunculus allegheniensis Allegheny Mountain buttercup N Ranunculaceae Dicot FACU, FAC Prunus alleghaniensis Allegheny plum N Rosaceae Dicot UPL, NI Amelanchier laevis Allegheny serviceberry N Rosaceae Dicot Hylotelephium telephioides Allegheny stonecrop N Crassulaceae Dicot Adlumia fungosa allegheny vine N Fumariaceae Dicot Centaurea transalpina alpine knapweed N Asteraceae Dicot Potamogeton alpinus alpine pondweed N Potamogetonaceae Monocot OBL Viola labradorica alpine violet N Violaceae Dicot FAC Trifolium hybridum alsike clover I Fabaceae Dicot FACU-, FAC Cornus alternifolia alternateleaf dogwood N Cornaceae Dicot Strophostyles helvola amberique-bean N Fabaceae Dicot Puccinellia americana American alkaligrass N Poaceae Monocot Heuchera americana
    [Show full text]
  • Kenai National Wildlife Refuge Species List, Version 2018-07-24
    Kenai National Wildlife Refuge Species List, version 2018-07-24 Kenai National Wildlife Refuge biology staff July 24, 2018 2 Cover image: map of 16,213 georeferenced occurrence records included in the checklist. Contents Contents 3 Introduction 5 Purpose............................................................ 5 About the list......................................................... 5 Acknowledgments....................................................... 5 Native species 7 Vertebrates .......................................................... 7 Invertebrates ......................................................... 55 Vascular Plants........................................................ 91 Bryophytes ..........................................................164 Other Plants .........................................................171 Chromista...........................................................171 Fungi .............................................................173 Protozoans ..........................................................186 Non-native species 187 Vertebrates ..........................................................187 Invertebrates .........................................................187 Vascular Plants........................................................190 Extirpated species 207 Vertebrates ..........................................................207 Vascular Plants........................................................207 Change log 211 References 213 Index 215 3 Introduction Purpose to avoid implying
    [Show full text]
  • Arctic National Wildlife Refuge Volume 2
    Appendix F Species List Appendix F: Species List F. Species List F.1 Lists The following list and three tables denote the bird, mammal, fish, and plant species known to occur in Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (Arctic Refuge, Refuge). F.1.1 Birds of Arctic Refuge A total of 201 bird species have been recorded on Arctic Refuge. This list describes their status and abundance. Many birds migrate outside of the Refuge in the winter, so unless otherwise noted, the information is for spring, summer, or fall. Bird names and taxonomic classification follow American Ornithologists' Union (1998). F.1.1.1 Definitions of classifications used Regions of the Refuge . Coastal Plain – The area between the coast and the Brooks Range. This area is sometimes split into coastal areas (lagoons, barrier islands, and Beaufort Sea) and inland areas (uplands near the foothills of the Brooks Range). Brooks Range – The mountains, valleys, and foothills north and south of the Continental Divide. South Side – The foothills, taiga, and boreal forest south of the Brooks Range. Status . Permanent Resident – Present throughout the year and breeds in the area. Summer Resident – Only present from May to September. Migrant – Travels through on the way to wintering or breeding areas. Breeder – Documented as a breeding species. Visitor – Present as a non-breeding species. * – Not documented. Abundance . Abundant – Very numerous in suitable habitats. Common – Very likely to be seen or heard in suitable habitats. Fairly Common – Numerous but not always present in suitable habitats. Uncommon – Occurs regularly but not always observed because of lower abundance or secretive behaviors.
    [Show full text]
  • Vegetation Surveys of the Osceola-Missaukee Grasslands State Game Area, Osceola and Missaukee Counties, Michigan
    VEGETATION SURVEYS OF THE OSCEOLA-MISSAUKEE GRASSLANDS STATE GAME AREA, OSCEOLA AND MISSAUKEE COUNTIES, MICHIGAN PREPARED BY: BRADFORD S. SLAUGHTER AND PHYLLIS J. HIGMAN MICHIGAN NATURAL FEATURES INVENTORY PO BOX 13036 LANSING, MI 48901-3036 FOR: MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES, WILDLIFE DIVISION 8 OCTOBER 2014 REPORT NO. 2014-15 Funding for this project was provided by the Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Wildlife Division. Suggested Citation: Slaughter, B.S., and P.J. Higman. 2014. Vegetation Surveys of the Osceola-Missaukee Grasslands State Game Area, Osceola and Missaukee Counties, Michigan. Michigan Natural Features Inventory, Report No. 2014-15, Lansing, MI. 60 pp. Copyright 2014 Michigan State University Board of Trustees. Michigan State University Extension programs and materials are open to all without regard to race, color, national origin, gender, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientations, marital status, or family status. Cover photograph: OMG Unit 1 old field, Osceola Co., MI, 20 June 2014. All photographs in report by B.S. Slaughter. TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 1 Overview of Area ................................................................................................................. 1 METHODS .............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • (Griseb.) Scribn. & Merr
    AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF (Systematic Botany) Curt Gerald Carlbom for the Ph.D. in Botany (Name) (Degree) (Major') Date thesis is presented July 28, 1966 Title A BIOSYSTEMATIC STUDY OF SOME NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF AGROSTIS L. AND PODAGROSTIS (GRISEB.) SCRIBN. & MERR. Privacy Abstract approved Redacted for (Major professor) A taxonomic investigation was made of 24 taxa be- longing to the section Trichodium (Michx.) Trin., of Agrostis, and the genus Podagrostis. Experimental methods were employed, including: uniform garden culture of trans- plants and plants grown from seeds collected in natural populations; breeding studies; physiological and pheno- logical investigations; cytological studies; ecological studies in natural populations. Herbarium exsiccatae including the type material of most of the 24 taxa were studied. In addition, compara- the tive morphological studies were made of several of taxa in their natural habitats and again in the uniform experimental garden. Twenty -four taxa are recognized in this study. Gen- eric and species descriptions, distributional maps, gen- eric and species keys, photographs of 23 taxa including several types, and photomicrographs of meiotic and mitotic figures of 12 taxa are presented. In addition, the vari- ous taxa are discussed individually, and the criteria and concepts used for species delimitation in Agrostis and Podagrostis are presented. Chromosome counts of nine species and two varieties of Agrostis and three species of Podagrostis are reported for the first time. Additional counts of other native taxa confirm earlier published counts. Eleven of the 19 species of Agrostis are hexaploids, four species are known to be tetraploids and two species are octoploids.
    [Show full text]
  • Vascular Plants of the Forest River Bi- Ology Station, North Dakota
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln The Prairie Naturalist Great Plains Natural Science Society 6-2015 VASCULAR PLANTS OF THE FOREST RIVER BI- OLOGY STATION, NORTH DAKOTA Alexey Shipunov Kathryn A. Yurkonis John C. La Duke Vera L. Facey Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/tpn Part of the Biodiversity Commons, Botany Commons, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, Natural Resources and Conservation Commons, Systems Biology Commons, and the Weed Science Commons This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Great Plains Natural Science Society at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Prairie Naturalist by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. The Prairie Naturalist 47:29–35; 2015 VASCULAR PLANTS OF THE FOREST RIVER BI- known to occur at the site. Despite this effort, 88 species OLOGY STATION, NORTH DAKOTA—During sum- in La Duke et al. (unpublished data) are not yet supported mer 2013 we completed a listing of the plant species of the with collections, but have been included with this list. No- joint University of North Dakota (UND) Forest River Biol- menclature and taxon concepts are given in the accordance ogy Station and North Dakota Game and Fish Department with USDA PLANTS database (United States Department of Wildlife Management Area (FRBS).The FRBS is a 65 ha Agriculture 2013), and the Flora of North America (Flora of tract of land that encompasses the south half of the SW ¼ of North America Editorial Committee 1993). section 11 (acquired by UND in 1952) and the north half of We recorded 498 plant species from 77 families in the the NW ¼ of section 14 (acquired by UND in 1954) in Ink- FRBS (Appendix A), which is greater than the number of ster Township (T154N, R55W).
    [Show full text]
  • Proceedings of the Fifth Eastern Native Grass Symposium______
    1 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIFTH EASTERN NATIVE GRASS SYMPOSIUM HELD IN HARRISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA OCTOBER 10 -13, 2006 EDITOR MATT SANDERSON ASSOCIATE EDITORS PAUL ADLER SARAH GOSLEE JERRY RITCHIE HOWARD SKINNER KATHY SODER EDITORIAL ASSISTANT ALLISON KAY MOWERY HOSTED BY USDA, NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE USDA, AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE PENNSYLVANIA ASSOCIATION OF CONSERVATION DISTRICTS PUBLISHED BY OMNIPRESS MADISON, WISCONSIN This publication should be cited as: Author(s).2006.Title of paper.(inclusive pages). In M. A. Sanderson et al (eds.). Proceedings of the Fifth Eastern Native Grass Sympsoium, Harrisburg, PA, October 10 -13, 2006. 2 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIFTH EASTERN NATIVE GRASS SYMPOSIUM_________________ SYMPOSIUM SPONSORS GENERAL ERNST CONSERVATION SEEDS PARTNERS FOR FISH AND WILDIFE ROUNDSTONE NATIVE SEED, LLC OTHER AMERICAN GRASS SEED PRODUCERS KASTE SEED, INC. PENNSYLVANIA FORAGE AND GRASSLAND COUNCIL TIMM ENTERPRISES TRUAX COMPANY, INC. USDA, AGRICUTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE PASTURE SYSTEMS & WATERSHED MANAGEMENT RESEARCH UNIT USDI, NATIONAL PARK SERVICE EXHIBITORS AGRECOL CORPORATION AG-RENEWAL, INC. BASF ERNST CONSERVATION SEEDS A. T. FERRELL COMPANY, INC. FINGER LAKES CONSERVATION SERVICES J. F. NEW MARYLAND GRAZING LANDS CONSERVATION INITIATIVE NEW ENGLAND WETLAND PLANTS, INC. PRAIRIE HABITATS, INC. ROUNDSTONE NATIVE SEED, LLC SHARP BROTHERS SEED COMPANY OF MISSOURI TRUAX COMPANY, INC. USDA, AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE PASTURE SYSTEMS & WATERSHED MANAGEMENT RESEARCH UNIT USDA, FARM SERVICES AGENCY USDA, NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE PLANT MATERIALS PROGRAM USDA, NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE PENNSYLVANIA ii 3 ____________________PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIFTH EASTERN NATIVE GRASS SYMPOSIUM Introduction In February 1997 a one-day conference on native grasses in the Eastern United States was held at the Botanical Gardens in Asheville, North Carolina.
    [Show full text]
  • Natural Heritage Resources of Virginia: Rare Vascular Plants
    NATURAL HERITAGE RESOURCES OF VIRGINIA: RARE PLANTS APRIL 2009 VIRGINIA DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATION AND RECREATION DIVISION OF NATURAL HERITAGE 217 GOVERNOR STREET, THIRD FLOOR RICHMOND, VIRGINIA 23219 (804) 786-7951 List Compiled by: John F. Townsend Staff Botanist Cover illustrations (l. to r.) of Swamp Pink (Helonias bullata), dwarf burhead (Echinodorus tenellus), and small whorled pogonia (Isotria medeoloides) by Megan Rollins This report should be cited as: Townsend, John F. 2009. Natural Heritage Resources of Virginia: Rare Plants. Natural Heritage Technical Report 09-07. Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Natural Heritage, Richmond, Virginia. Unpublished report. April 2009. 62 pages plus appendices. INTRODUCTION The Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation's Division of Natural Heritage (DCR-DNH) was established to protect Virginia's Natural Heritage Resources. These Resources are defined in the Virginia Natural Area Preserves Act of 1989 (Section 10.1-209 through 217, Code of Virginia), as the habitat of rare, threatened, and endangered plant and animal species; exemplary natural communities, habitats, and ecosystems; and other natural features of the Commonwealth. DCR-DNH is the state's only comprehensive program for conservation of our natural heritage and includes an intensive statewide biological inventory, field surveys, electronic and manual database management, environmental review capabilities, and natural area protection and stewardship. Through such a comprehensive operation, the Division identifies Natural Heritage Resources which are in need of conservation attention while creating an efficient means of evaluating the impacts of economic growth. To achieve this protection, DCR-DNH maintains lists of the most significant elements of our natural diversity.
    [Show full text]
  • Ancestral State Reconstruction of the Mycorrhizal Association for the Last Common Ancestor of Embryophyta, Given the Different Phylogenetic Constraints
    Supplementary information Supplementary Figures Figure S1 | Ancestral state reconstruction of the mycorrhizal association for the last common ancestor of Embryophyta, given the different phylogenetic constraints. Pie charts show the likelihood of the ancestral states for the MRCA of Embryophyta for each phylogenetic hypothesis shown below. Letters represent mycorrhizal associations: (A) Ascomycota; (B) Basidiomycota; (G) Glomeromycotina; (M) Mucoromycotina; (-) Non-mycorrhizal. Combinations of letters represent a combination of mycorrhizal associations. Austrocedrus chilensis Chamaecyparis obtusa Sequoiadendron giganteum Prumnopitys taxifolia Prumnopitys Prumnopitys montana Prumnopitys Prumnopitys ferruginea Prumnopitys Araucaria angustifolia Araucaria Dacrycarpus dacrydioides Dacrycarpus Taxus baccata Podocarpus oleifolius Podocarpus Afrocarpus falcatus Afrocarpus Ephedra fragilis Nymphaea alba Nymphaea Gnetum gnemon Abies alba Abies balsamea Austrobaileya scandens Austrobaileya Abies nordmanniana Thalictrum minus Thalictrum Abies homolepis Caltha palustris Caltha Abies magnifica ia repens Ranunculus Abies religiosa Ranunculus montanus Ranunculus Clematis vitalba Clematis Keteleeria davidiana Anemone patens Anemone Tsuga canadensis Vitis vinifera Vitis Tsuga mertensiana Saxifraga oppositifolia Saxifraga Larix decidua Hypericum maculatum Hypericum Larix gmelinii Phyllanthus calycinus Phyllanthus Larix kaempferi Hieronyma oblonga Hieronyma Pseudotsuga menziesii Salix reinii Salix Picea abies Salix polaris Salix Picea crassifolia Salix herbacea
    [Show full text]
  • First Confirmed Records of Agrostis Scabra (Poaceae, Agrostidinae) in the Chinese Flora
    Polish Botanical Journal 61(2): 253–256, 2016 e-ISSN 2084-4352 DOI: 10.1515/pbj-2016-0033 ISSN 1641-8190 FIRST CONFIRMED RECORDS OF AGROSTIS SCABRA (POACEAE, AGROSTIDINAE) IN THE CHINESE FLORA Beata Paszko & Bing Liu Abstract. The first confirmed records of Agrostis scabra Willd. are reported from a northeastern Chinese province, Jilin. This extends the native range of the species into China. The recent Flora of China does not include A. scabra. The detailed morphological characters, diagnostic comparisons and habitat are presented, along with a distribution map of A. scabra in East and Northeast Asia. Key words: Agrostis clavata, Asia, distribution, misidentification, taxonomy Beata Paszko, Department of Vascular Plant Systematics and Phytogeography, W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lubicz 46, 31-512 Kraków, Poland; e-mail: [email protected] Bing Liu, State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China Introduction The lead author and collaborators in a series of Taxonomic treatment papers have clarified numerous lower-level tax- onomic issues among several Eurasian taxa of Agrostis scabra Willd. Agrostis L. (Paszko 2012, 2014b; Paszko & Pendry Sp. Pl., ed. 4, 1(1): 370. 1797. 2013; Paszko & Soreng 2013; Paszko et al. 2015), described new species (Paszko 2014a), and pub- Perennial, caespitose. Culms 40–70 cm, erect, lished new records (Nobis et al. 2014, 2016). unbranched; nodes usually 4–5. Leaves (2nd from Recently the first author located eight duplicates the top measured) 7–12 cm long, 1.2–2.3 mm (KUN, PE) representing four separate collec- wide, linear; adaxial surfaces deeply ribbed, tion events of Agrostis, incorrectly identified as scabrous; abaxial surfaces minutely scabrous.
    [Show full text]
  • C7 Grass.Ach-Ely
    GRAMINEAE Part One GRAMINEAE AL de Jussieu 1789 or POACEAE (R Brown) Barnhart 1895 GRASS FAMILY ACHNATHERUM to ELYTRIGIA Revised 13 July 2015 GRAMINEAE PART ONE BACK TO TOP Calamagrostis Achnatherum Calamovilfa Agropyron Cenchrus Agrostis Chasmanthium Alopecurus Cinna Ammophila Dactylis Andropogon Danthonia Anthoxanthum Deschampsia Aristida Diarrhena Arrhenatheum Dichanthelium Avena Digitaria Beckmannia Distichlis Bouteloua Echinochloa Brachyelytrum Eleusine Bromus Elymus Buchloë Elytrigia If it’s flat and smooth, it’s little bluestem If it’s flat and fuzzy, it’s big bluestem If it’s round and smooth, it’s switchgrass If it’s round and fuzzy, it’s Indian grass Ray Schulenberg Grasses are a family of annual or perennial herbs (with annual culms), or woody shrubs & trees in some bamboos (the culms perennial), with approximately 670 genera & 10,000 spp, cosmopolitan. Plants with cylindrical, jointed, & often hollow stems, & 2-ranked leaves, each with a sheath, ligule, & blade. Individual flowers inconspicuous, with 2-6 stamens, 1 pistil, & 1-3 small scalelike tepals, or lodicules, with each flower enclosed by bracts (lemma & palea), the whole called a floret. Single or several florets are attached to an axis subtended by 2 nonfertile bracts or glumes; each floret produces a 1-seeded, achenial fruit, a grain or caryopsis, occasionally achenes in some genera, the seed being encased in a ripened ovary. Largely wind pollinated. Some bamboos produce fleshy fruits. Primitive grasses may have evolved 89 million years before the present (mybp) (some suggest 100- 110 mybp), with conventional grasses known from the Paleocene-Eocene boundary, 55 mybp. Grasslike opal phytoliths are known from dinosaur coprolites from the Late Cretaceous (71-65 mybp) in India.
    [Show full text]