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Research of the Roman Empire's and the Hun's Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 116 ( 2014 ) 4564 – 4567 5th World Conference on Educational Sciences - WCES 2013 Research of the Roman Empire’s and the Hun’s history in Kazakhstan Zhumagulov Kalkaman Prof. Dr., the head of the chair of World history, historiography and Source, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, al-Farabi street 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan Abstract Research of the history of the Roman Empire and the Huns has a great theoretical and practical significance. Objective: to show that the relationship between the Roman Empire and the Huns are characterized not only by military clashes, but also the synthesis, integration of social relations, cultural tribes and peoples who inhabited the then Eurasian continent. Research methods based in the use of rare written sources in Latin language. Especially widely involved in our data archeology, ethnology, history linguistics and modern interdisciplinary research. Conclusion and results. In IV-V centuries important changes have occurred in the lives of European history in the process of transition beginning to a new era and civilization of the middle Ages. Recommendations. In research and practice of teaching it is needed to show that many of the nations of Europe considered the Hunnish state as counterbalance to the Roman Empire. After the fall of the Roman Empire the civilization got the wide range covering the whole European area. Selection© 2013 The and Authors. peer reviewPublished under by Elsevier the responsibility Ltd. of Prof. Dr. Servet Bayram ©Selection 2013 The and/or Authors peer-review Published under by Elseresponsibilityvier Ltd. All of Academicrights reserved World Education and Research Center. Keywords: Roman Empire, the Huns, the Eurasian history, interdisciplinary research; Introduction In 1991, after the collapse of the USSR, Kazakhstan gains its independence and becomes a member of the United Nations and many other international organizations. Now, before the sovereign Republic of Kazakhstan there is a problem to prepare their own research and teaching staff, in one of the main areas of historical science and history education - world history. Experts in world history designed to study the past and present in different regions of the globe, tracing the relationship of peoples, nations and epochs, cultures. The ancestors of the Kazakh people for two thousand years have played a significant role in the development of states from the Far East to Western Europe, from Siberia to India. Moving over long distances, the tribes and unions have repeatedly changed the ethnic and National Eurasia. ___________________ * Corresponding Author name. Tel.: +0-000-000-0000 E-mail address: 1877-0428 © 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of Academic World Education and Research Center. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.986 Zhumagulov Kalkaman / Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 116 ( 2014 ) 4564 – 4567 4565 The early history of Kazakhstan – is a part of Turkish history. It is very important to research of Huns history and their relationship with both the Roman Empire in the West. Before in the history of the Soviet historiography of Hun’s history in the West is almost not studied, this also applies to contemporary Russian science, where about the Huns in Europe are given only brief mention (Budanova, 2000, pp. 48-70). The history of the Huns in the East studied by L.N. Gumilev (Gumilev L.N., 1960). This problem is considered on the works of Western researchers (Maenchen-Helfen, 1978). Stickler paid an attention to this problem too (Stickler, 2007). In Kazakhstan, beginning from 2000, in the standards of education, training programs, manuals, methodical introduced a number of innovations. So in the course of a model program "Ancient History," "History of the Middle Ages" for university students of Kazakhstan including a completely new separate section as “The Roman Empire and the Huns in the era of the Great Migration in Europe”. I also gave special courses “Relations of the Roman Empire and the Huns in the West IV-V centuries”, "Huns in the history of Eurasia." In the middle of V century the relations between Western Roman Empire and the Hunnish state is deteriorating. Gigantic collisions of these forces are becoming evident. Events in the middle of V century show the military power Hun Empire. Concentrating power, ruler Attila organized a campaign against Western Europe, aims to expand its territory. A contemporary chronicler of that tumultuous era Prosper Tiro wrote, "that as soon as he (Attila) crossed the Rhine, and numerous Gallic town seized with fear. And we decided to quickly: the Romans and the Goths combined forces to meet the brazen enemy (Prosper, 1892). The war with the Huns joined the Roman Empire and the Visigoth kingdom, who managed to win over the other unions Celtic and Germanic tribes. There were forgotten old contradictions and struggles. United army of Rome, the Visigoth kingdom in Gaul, Spain and other tribal alliances headed by Western commander Patrician Aetius. After the victorious march across Northern Gaul, ie France's decisive battle was fought in 451 at Catalaun fields in Champagne. I consider this battle as the largest battles and along with Cannes (216 g do.n. e.) In Hannibal and Waterloo (1815) in the period of Napoleon, it refers to the famous battles of the European and world history (Zhumagulov, 2011, pp. 11-24). Following Catalonians battle, just a few months Attila made a new campaign. Now he was sent to the heart of the Roman Empire - Italy. After all of Northern Italy was taken by the Huns their way to Rome was short-lived. Becoming increasingly clear that the Western Empire did not have the power to stop the onslaught of menacing invaders, and Attila was close to world domination. Power, consisting of 4 parts, the northern borders stretched from the so-called Scythia (the kingdom of the Huns) to Germany (Scythica et Germanica regna). In southern tributaries of Attila were both Roman Empire (Eastern Roman and Western Roman). On its territory and influence Empire Attila geographically covered by that part of the world almost 4 from east to west and from north to south. But as more dramatic events took place in Italy? In this difficult for the Western Roman Emperor Valentinian III position was inactive in Ravenna, anxiously watching what happens next. As for the commander Aetius, he was also at a loss. Roman army could not continue to resist the pressure of the Huns; she was paralyzed from their successes in Northern Italy. Pope Leo I and Attila In the end, it was decided to use a well-tested Eastern romei people (Byzantine) admission: delegation of embassy to Attila. It was headed by the Pope Leo I; in its composition were also Avin consul and prefect of Rome Trigetsy (Prosper, 1892, pp. 481-482) Attila and Leo I met at Ambuley field in the middle reaches of the lake Mintsy (now Mincho): "igitur dum eius animus ancipiti neaotio inter ire et non ire fluctuaret secumque deliberans tardaret, placida ei legatio a Roma advenit. Nam Leo papa per se ad eum accedens in agroVenetum Arabuleio, ubi Mincius amnis commeantium frequentatione tmnsitur. qui mox deposuit exercitatu furore et rediens, quo venerat, iter ultra Danubium promissa pace discessit ... " ("And so, until the spirit of Attila hesitated on this dangerous business - or go - no go - thinking to 4566 Zhumagulov Kalkaman / Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 116 ( 2014 ) 4564 – 4567 himself, hesitated, could come to him from Rome embassy peace proposals. Went to him to the Pope Leo Ambuley field in the province of Veneto , where the river meets Mintz crowds of travelers. Attila then stopped rampage of the army, and, turning back to where you came from, set off for the Danube, promising to keep the peace” (Getica, 1882, p. 223). At first sight, it seems paradoxical meeting of two personalities. On the one hand, Attila - the sovereign, who headed the Hun Empire, the formidable conqueror, a man deeply, absorbed the pagan ideas of the people. His name again stirred paganism East and Northern Europe at the time of the beginning of Christianity. On the other hand, it is Pope Leo I - the head of the Christian church hierarchy. Analyzing the rare sources available in the stacks and collections in Europe, I do not find, however, the detailed instructions of the Leo I on the mission to Attila, who, incidentally, looked objectively high authority of the Pope, which has had an impact on the ruler of the East and the West in such a formidable Hour of the Roman Empire. And Pope Leo I was called the Great. If Attila, who was standing at the walls of Rome, to show respect for the head of the Christian church, standing in front of the Pope, the same cannot be said about the other characters of the time Geyzerihe, king of the Vandals. Three years later, in 455, the same Leo I could not hold it. Vandals looted and destroyed Rome, stripped to the skin of its population, hence the term "vandalism" - the mass destruction of cultural and material values, brutality and senseless cruelty. After 14 days of looting Geizerix Rome with his troops left the city. And the fact that the ruler of a huge Hunnish state, both of which were tributary to the Roman Empire, stood before capitulating city of Rome, listening to the requests of the Embassy, headed by the Pope - says the wisdom of Attila. He stopped the violence of his troops, refusing, in effect, from the senseless destruction and casualties. In Soviet historiography, the history of the Huns in Europe almost no coverage except for some references. The negative was the attitude and the history of religion.
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