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Die Qumran-Essener: Die Texte Vom Toten Meer Johann Maier Die Qumran-Essener: Die Texte vom Toten Meer Band II: Die Texte der Höhle 4 Ernst Reinhardt Verlag München Basel Prof. Dr. theol. Dr. phil. Johann Maier, Dr. theol. b.c., geb. 1933, studierte an den Uni- versitäten Wien, Zürich und Jerusalem und habilitierte sich 1964 an der Universität Wien für das Fach Judaistik. 1964 - 66 Privatdozent an der FU Berlin, ab 1966 o. Prof. für Judaistik an der Universität zu Köln. Zahlreiche Veröffentlichungen zur jüdischen Geschichte. Die Deutsche Bibliothek - ClP-Einheitsaufnahme Die Qumran-Essener : die Texte vom Toten Meer / Johann Maier. - München ; Basel : E. Reinhardt. NE: Maier, Johann [Hrsg.] Bd. 2. Die Texte der Höhle 4. - 1995 (UTB für Wissenschaft : Uni-Taschenbücher ; 1863) ISBN 3-8252-1863-5 (UTB) ISBN 3-497-01353-6 (E. Reinhardt) NE: UTB für Wissenschaft / Uni-Taschenbücher © 1995 by Ernst Reinhardt. GmbH & Co, München Dieses Werk, einschließlich aller seiner Teile, ist urheberrechtlich geschützt. Jede Verwertung außerhalb der engen Grenzen des Urheberrechtsgesetzes ist ohne schrift- liche Zustimmung der Ernst Reinhardt, GmbH & Co, München, unzulässig und straf- bar. Das gilt insbesondere für Vervielfältigungen, Übersetzungen in andere Sprachen, Mikroverfilmungen und die Einspeicherung und Verarbeitung in elektronischen Systemen. Printed in Germany ISBN 3-8252-1863-5 (UTB-Bestellnummer) INHALT Band II Vorwort . VIII DIE TEXTE AUS DER HOHLE 4 4Q01 -4Q127 13 4Q128 -4Q160 55 4Q161-4Q165 = Jesaja-Kommentar 68 4Q166-4Q167 = Hosea-Kommentar 83 4Q168 = Micha-Kommentar 88 4Q169 = Nachum-Kommentar 88 4Q170 = Zephanja-Kommentar 93 4Q171 = Psalmenkommentar a 93 4Q172 98 4Q173 = Psalmenkommentar b 100 4Q174 = Florilegium + 4Q175 = Testimonia 102 4Q176-4Q186 111 4Q196-4Q254 137 4Q255-4Q264 = 4QS 203 4Q265 215 4Q266-4Q273 = 4QD 217 4Q274-4Q283 = Tohorot 235 4Q284-4Q285 241 4Q286-4Q290 = Berakot 245 4Q291 -4Q319 251 4Q320 - 4Q330 = Mishmarot / Kalendertexte 279 4Q331 -4Q392 304 4Q394-4Q399 = 4QMMT 361 4Q400 - 4Q407 = Sabbatopfer-Gesänge 377 4Q408 -4Q575 418 VI Inhalt Band I (UTB 1862) Vorwort Zur Übersetzung Datierungsfragen Bibel und Offenbarung Zum Kalender Technische Details Sammelausgaben und bibliographische Hinweise Abkürzungen OQ = TEXTE OHNE QUMRANHÖHLEN-NUMMER CD = Damaskusschrift OQGiants = Buch der Giganten OQNJ = Neues Jerusalem OQShir = Sabbatopfer-Gesänge DIE TEXTE AUS DER HÖHLE l 1QH Hodayot / Hymnenrolle 1QM Milchamah / Kriegsrolle IQpHab = Habakuk-Kommentar 1QS = Manual of Discipline / Sektenregel 1Q01 -1Q19 1Q20 mit IQGen(esis) Ap(okryphon) 1Q21 -1Q27 lQ28a = IQSa Gemeinderegel lQ28b = IQSb Benediktionen 1Q29-1Q72 DIE TEXTE AUS DER HÖHLE 2 2Q01 -2Q33 DIE TEXTE AUS DER HÖHLE 3 3Q01 -3Q14 3Q15 = Kupferrolle VII DIE TEXTE AUS DER HÖHLE 5 5Q01 - 5Q25 DIE TEXTE AUS DER HÖHLE 6 6Q01 - 6Q31 DIE TEXTE AUS DER HÖHLE 7 7Q01 -7Q19 DIE TEXTE AUS DEN HÖHLEN 8-10 8Q01 - 8Q05 9Q 10Q DIE TEXTE AUS DER HÖHLE 11 11Q01 - 11Q04 11Q05 = HQPsa 11Q06- 11Q12 11Q13 = HQMelchizedek 11Q14- 11Q18 11Q19 = HQTempelrolle(I) 11Q20 = llQTempelrolle (II) 11Q21 - 11Q25 VIII VORWORT Nur stückchenweise, aber als sensationell empfunden und heftig um- stritten, sind Texte aus der Höhle 4 bei Khirbet Qumran im Lauf der Jahre bekannt geworden. Sie stellen ihrer Zahl nach zwar die umfang- reichste Schriftrollengruppe innerhalb der Qumranfunde dar, doch wurden die Rollen seinerzeit in der Höhle nur deponiert, also - wohl aus Zeitgründen wegen drohender Kriegsgefahr - nicht gleichermaßen versorgt und in Tonkrügen verwahrt, wie es in der Höhle l der Fall war. So ist leider keiner der vielen, offenkundig hochinteressanten Texte auch nur einigermaßen vollständig erhalten geblieben. Dennoch ergibt das fragmentarische Material insgesamt eine Textmasse von der- artigem Umfang, daß für die Publikation dieser Übersetzung ein eige- ner, stattlicher Band vorgesehen werden mußte. Die Inhalte dieser Fragmentenmasse werden die Forschung noch für Jahre intensiv be- schäftigen und unsere Kenntnis des Judentums zur Zeit Jesu in man- cherlei Hinsicht fördern. Die notwendigen einführenden Hinweise und das Abkürzungsverzeichnis findet der Leser im Band I (UTB 1862). Johann Maier Die Texte aus der Höhle 4 4QAct ar 4Q347 4QActs of a Greek King 4Q248 4QAdmonition 4Q370 4QAgesCreat 4Q180 4QAhA 4Q540-4Q541 4QAja ar 4Q537 4QAJo ar 4Q539 4QAju ar 4Q538 4QAmram a-f ar 4Q543-4Q548 4QAngelic Liturgy 4Q400-4Q407 4QApoc(alypse of )Weeks 4Q247 4QApocalypse ar 4Q246 4QapocrFlood 4Q370 4QapocrJer A?-B? 4Q383-4Q384 4QApocrJer 4Q368; 4Q385b; 4Q389a; 4Q462 4QapocrJoseph a-c 4Q371-4Q373 4QapocrLam A 4Q179 4QapocrLam B 4Q501 4QapocrMoses A-B 4Q374-4Q375 4QapocrPent 4Q368 4Qapocr. Psalm and Prayer 4Q448 4QApocryphon a 4Q369 4QApocrpyhon 4Q466-4Q469 4QApocryphon of Jacob 4Q537 4QApocryphon of Jeremiah 4Q368; 4Q385b; 4Q389a; 4Q462 4QApocryphon of Joseph 4Q539 4QApocryphon of Judah 4Q538 4QAramaic Apocalypse 4Q246 4QAramaic D-L.R.V-Z 4Q562-4Q575 4QAramaic apocryphal work 4Q310 4QAstrCrypt 4Q317 4QBarkhi nafshi 4Q434-4Q438 (4Q439?) 4QBeat(itudes) 4Q525 4QBenediction 4Q500 4QBerakota"e 4Q286-4Q290 4QBiblical Chronology 4Q559 4QBib(lical) Par(aphrase) = 4Q158 4QBrontologion ar = 4Q318 4QCal(ender) = 4Q292-4Q293 4QCal.synchron = 4Q320-4Q321 4QCalendrical Doc. A = 4Q320 4QCalendrical Doc. B a-b = 4Q321-4Q321a 4QCalendrical Doc. C a-f = 4Q322-4Q324 4QCalendrical Doc. D = 4Q325 4QCalendrical Doc. E a-b = 4Q326-4Q327 4QCalendrical Doc. F a-b = 4Q328-4Q329 4QCalendrical Doc. G = 4Q329a 4QCalendrical Doc. H = 4Q330 4QCatalogue of Spirits = 4Q230-4Q231 4QCanfl-c = 4Q106-4Q108 4QCatenaa = 4Q177-178 4QCatenab = 4Q182 4QChr = 4Q118 4QCommentary on Canticles = 4Q240 4QCrypt(ic) = 4Q186 4Qcrypt(ic)A = 4Q313; 4Q298 4QCrypt(ic)A Phases of Moon = 4Q317 4Qcrypt(ic)A Cal. document C^ = 4Q324c 4Qcrypt(ic)A = 4Q362 4Qcrypt(ic)B = 4Q363 4Qcrypt(ic)C = 4Q363a 4QCurse of Milki-Resha = 4Q274-4Q283; 4Q286-4Q290 4QCursive Work ar = 4Q309 4QDa-h = 4Q266-4Q273 4QDamascus Document: 4QDa"^ 4QDame Folly and Lady Wisdom = 4Q184 4QDana'e = 4Q112-4Q116 4QDan(iel and )Sus(annah) = 4Q551 4QDaily Prayers = 4Q503 4QDecrees = 4Q477 4QDestruction des Kittim = 4Q285 4QDeula'1 = 4Q28-4Q44 4QDeutLXX = 4Q122 4QDibHam a-c = 4Q504-4Q506 4QElect of God = 4Q534 4QEn(och)a"b = 4Q201-4Q202 4QEnc-f = 4Q204-4Q207 4QEn8 = 4Q212 4QEn.astra"d •• 4Q208-4Q211 4QEnGiantsa •• 4Q203 4QEnGiantsb-d •• 4Q530-4Q533 4QExhort(ations) •• 4Q370 4QExposition on the Patriarchs 4Q464 4Q73-4Q75 4QEim -• 4Q117 4QExodc-k : 4Q13-4Q20 4QFlor •• 4Q174 4QFour Kingdoms a-b ar 4Q552-4Q553 4QGen-Exa 4Q01 4QGenb-k 4Q02-4Q10 4QGiants b-e 4Q530-4Q533 4QGrace after Meals 4Q434a 4QHE 4Q432 4QHab(akuk) 3 4Q238 4QHalakhaha 4Q251 4QHalakhic Text 4Q524 4QHaran Fragment 4Q516 4QHeavenly Garden 4Q500 4QHistorical Work a-c 4Q331-4Q333 4QHodajot 4Q427-4Q433 4QHodyot-like Fragments 4Q433; 4Q440 4QHoroscope 4Q186 4QHor(oscope) ar 4Q561 4QHymnic Fragments 4Q498-4Q499 4Q55-4Q69B 4QIsaianaic Fragment 4Q285 4QJera~c 4Q70-4Q72 4QJN (NJ) a-b ar 4Q554-4Q555 4QJoba~b 4Q99-4Q100 4QJosuaa~b 4Q47-4Q48 4QJuba'h 4Q216-4Q224 4QJubf 4Q176b 4QJudca-b 4Q49-4QQ50 4QLama 4Q111 4QLamentions A, B 4Q179; 4Q501 4QLeqet 4Q284a = 4Q24-4Q26 4QLe\P-Numa = 4Q23 4QLevpapLXXb = 4Q120 4QList of False Prophet« = 4Q339 4QList of Netinim = 4Q340 4QList of People ar = 4Q359 4QList of Proper Names = 4Q341 4QLiturgical Work 1-3 = 4Q392-4Q393; 4Q409 4QLustration Liturgy = 4Q414 4QLXXDeut = 4Q122 4QLXXLev° = 4Q119 4QLXXNum = 4QJ2J 4QM a-g = 4Q491-4Q496 4QMg = 4Q471 4QMaledictions = 4Q275 4QMCryptic C = 4Q363 4QMeditation on Creation A = 4Q303-4Q304 4QMeditation on Creation B = 4Q305 4QMen of People Who Err = 4Q306 4QMess.aram = 4Q534 4QMessianic Apocalypse = 4Q521 4QMess.aram = 4Q534 = 4Q149-4Q155 4QMichael = 4Q529 4QMidrash Sefer Moses = 4Q249 4QMilik Unid(entified) D = 9 F 13 (PAM 40.609; PAM 40.610) 4QMilik Unid. R F24 (PAM 41.311) 4QMilik Unid. D F 39 (P AM 42. 011) 4QMilik Unid. E F 34 (P AM 4 1.802) 4QMiqcat Ma'ase ha-Torah = 4QMMT = 4Q394-4Q399 4QMisc F 14 (PAM 40.623); F 31 (PAM 41.594; 41.644) 4QMisc. frgs. F 33 (PAM 41.714); F 60 (PAM 42.936; 42.939); F 66 (PAM 43.159); F 67 (PAM 43.196); F 72 (PAM 43.368; 43.383); F 82 (PAM 43.688; 43.689; 43.690; 43.691; 43.692; 43.693; 43.694; 43.695; 43.696; 43.697; 43.699; 43.700; 43.701); F 89 (PAM 44.081); F 90 (PAM 44.198; 44.199) 4QMish(marot) = 4Q292; 4Q320-4Q330 4QMMT (Miq?at ma~ase ha-Torah) = 4Q394-4Q399 4QMpapHodayot = 4Q428-4Q431 4QMpapHodayot-like hymns = 4Q432 4QMpapHodayot-like text = 4Q433 4QM PsHist D = 4Q339? 4QM PsHisl A = ? F 23 (PAM 41.209); F 69 (PAM 43.248) 4QM PsHist B = ? F 23 (PAM 41.208); F 32 (PAM 41.706); F 47 (PAM 42.369) 4QM PsHist D F 13 (PAM 40.614) 4QM Sap = 4Q303 4QM Sapiental Work = 4Q203 4QM Unid(entified) Frg. A: = ? F 12 (PAM 40.580); F 37 (PAM 41.914); F 73 (PAM 43.399) 4QM Unid. Frg. B = ? F 32 (PAM 41.706) 4QM Unid. Frg. C Vgl. 43.399 = ? F 37 (PAM 41.914); F 60 (PAM 42.908) 4QM Unid. Frg. D = ? F 73 (PAM 43.399) 4QM Unid. Frg. E = ? F 73 (PAM 43.399) 4QM Unid. Frg. F = ? F 73 (PAM 43.399) 58 4Q156 = 4QTgLev DJD Vl.86-89, pl. xxviii "Targum on Leviticus" Aramäisch. Spätes 2. Jh. v. Chr. F 13 (PAM 40.617); F 38 (PAM 41.946; 41.952); F 74 (PAM 43.449) Textreste einer aramäischen Fassung von: Frg. l Lev 16,12-15 Frg. 2 Lev 16,18-21 4Q157 = 4QTgJob DJD VI, 90, pl. xxviii "Targum on Job" Aramäisch. Ca. 40-50 n. Chr. F 38 (PAM 41.945); F 74 (PAM 43.449) Textreste einer aramäischen Fassung von: Frg. l Kol. i Hi 3,5-9 Kol. ü Hi 4,16-5,4 Frg. 2 = ? 4Q158-4Q186: Discoveries in the Judean Desert V: J. M: Allegro, Qumrän Cave 4 I (4Q158-4Q186), Oxford 1968. Dazu J. Strugnell, Notes en marge du Volume V des "Discoveries in the Judaean Desert of Jordan", RdQ 7 (26),1970,163-276. Datierungen nach Strugnell. 4Q158 = 4QBibPar(aphrase) DJD V,1-6, pl.
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