ASPECTOS BIOLÓGICOS E TOXICIDADE DE PRODUTOS DE ORIGEM VEGETAL a Euborellia Annulipes

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ASPECTOS BIOLÓGICOS E TOXICIDADE DE PRODUTOS DE ORIGEM VEGETAL a Euborellia Annulipes UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DA PARAÍBA CENTRO DE CIÊNCIAS AGRÁRIAS DEPARTAMENTO DE FITOTECNIA PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM AGRONOMIA CAMPUS II – AREIA – PB ASPECTOS BIOLÓGICOS E TOXICIDADE DE PRODUTOS DE ORIGEM VEGETAL A Euborellia annulipes ALDENI BARBOSA DA SILVA AREIA – PB 2009 ASPECTOS BIOLÓGICOS E TOXICIDADE DE PRODUTOS DE ORIGEM VEGETAL A Euborellia annulipes UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DA PARAÍBA CENTRO DE CIÊNCIAS AGRÁRIAS DEPARTAMENTO DE FITOTECNIA PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM AGRONOMIA CAMPUS II – AREIA – PB ASPECTOS BIOLÓGICOS E TOXICIDADE DE PRODUTOS DE ORIGEM VEGETAL A Euborellia annulipes ALDENI BARBOSA DA SILVA Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós-graduação em Agronomia da Universidade Federal da Paraíba – Campus II, Área de concentração Agricultura Tropical em cumprimento às exigências para obtenção do título de Doutor em Agronomia. ÁREA DE ATUAÇÃO: AGRICULTURA TROPICAL ORIENTADOR: JACINTO DE LUNA BATISTA AREIA – PB 2009 Ficha Catalográfica Elaborada na Seção de Processos Técnicos da Biblioteca Setorial de Areia -PB, CCA/UFPB. S586a Silva, Aldeni Barbosa da Aspectos biológicos e toxicidade de produtos de origem vegetal a Euborellia annulipes ./ Aldeni Barbosa da Silva – Areia- PB: UFPB/CCA, 2009. 122 f.: il. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal da Paraíba - Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Areia, 2009. Bibliografia Orientador: Jacinto de Luna Batista 1. Dermaptera – controle alternativo 2 Euborellia annulipes – aspectos biológicos 3. insetos-pragas I. Batista, Jacinto de Luna (Orientador) II. Título. CDU: 595.721(043.2) OFEREÇO Aos meus pais, Maria de Lourdes Maurício da Silva e José Saulo Barbosa da Silva. Aos meus irmãos Adelmo Barbosa da Silva e Anselmo Barbosa da Silva, DEDICO AGRADECIMENTOS A Deus, por ter mim concedido oportunidade de viver e conseguir realizar esse grande sonho no espaço acadêmico. Aos meus pais e irmãos que mim apoiaram durante toda a caminhada estudantil, e que me deram incentivo para chegar ao ponto mais alto do pódio. A coordenação do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia da UFPB, na pessoa da Drª Riselane Lucena de Alcântara Bruno, pelo apoio e acolhimento nessa conquista tão desejada. À Coordenadoria de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), pela concessão de bolsa de estudos. Ao professor Jacinto de Luna Batista, pela amizade, ensinamentos, orientações e apoio em todos os momentos. Esse sim, é um verdadeiro exemplo de profissionalismo. Ao prof. Dr. Genildo Bandeira Bruno ( in memorian ), pela amizade e competência demonstrada; também a todos os professores do Centro de Ciências Agrárias, pela amizade e ensinamentos. A professora Maria de Fátima Vanderlei pela qualificação dos componentes presentes nos extratos vegetais. A todos os funcionários, em especial, Eliane, Nino, Cosme, Tomaz, Zezinho, Jacob e Francisco, pela amizade e apoio durante o curso. A todos os amigos e pessoas que mim incentivaram nessa longa caminhada, em especial, ao Dr.: Carlos Henrique de Brito, Dr.: Edson Batista Lopes e o M. Sc. Ivanildo Cavalcante de Albuquerque. Enfim, a todas as pessoas que contribuíram direta e indiretamente nessa grande conquista. Meu muito obrigado! SUMÁRIO CAPÍTULO I Aspectos biológicos e toxicidade de Euborellia annulipes a produtos de origem vegetal................................................................... 01 RESUMO...................................................................................................... 02 ABSTRACT.................................................................................................. 03 1 INTRODUÇÃO.......................................................................................... 04 2 OBJETIVOS.............................................................................................. 07 2.1 Objetivo geral............................................................................ 07 2.2 Objetivos específicos............................................................... 07 3 REVISÃO DE LITERATURA.................................................................... 08 3.1 Aspectos sócio-econômicos do milho.................................... 08 3.2 Métodos de controle de Spodoptera frugiperda ....................... 11 3.3 Erva Doce: importância econômica e potencial de utilização.......................................................................................... 14 3.4 Métodos de controle de Hyadaphis foeniculi ............................ 15 3.5 Ordem Dermaptera.................................................................... 17 3.5.1 Importância dos Dermápteros.............................................. 17 3.5.2 Posição sistemática de Euborellia annulipes ........................ 18 3.5.3 Aspectos biológicos de Dermápteros.................................. 20 3.6 Inseticidas de origem vegetal.................................................. 24 3.6.1 Efeito de extratos botânicos sobre inimigos naturais....... 24 3.6.2 Seletividade de inseticidas à Dermápteros......................... 28 4 REFERÊNCIAS........................................................................................ 30 CAPÍTULO II Toxicidade de produtos de origem vegetal à Euborellia annulipes (Dermaptera: Anisolabididae)................................................... 48 RESUMO...................................................................................................... 49 ABSTRACT.................................................................................................. 50 1 INTRODUÇÃO.......................................................................................... 51 2 MATERIAL E MÉTODOS......................................................................... 53 2.1 Criação massal de Euborellia annulipes .................................... 53 2.2 Obtenção e processamento dos extratos vegetais analisados........................................................................................ 54 2.3 Identificação dos compostos presentes nos extratos........... 55 2.4 Efeito dos produtos de origem vegetal sobre Euborellia annulipes ........................................................................................... 55 2.4.1 Sobre diferentes instares...................................................... 55 2.4.2 Na capacidade de oviposição de Euborellia annulipes ........ 55 2.4.3 Sobre os ovos de Euborellia annulipes .................................. 56 2.5 Análise estatística..................................................................... 56 3 RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO................................................................ 58 3.1 Identificação dos compostos presentes nos produtos de origem vegetal ..................... ............................................................ 58 3.2 Efeito da aplicação de produtos de origem vegetal sobre os diferentes instares de Euborellia annulipes ........................................................................................... 59 3.3 Duração do período ninfal de Euborellia annulipes após aplicação tópica de produtos de origem vegetal......................... 61 3.4 Efeito da aplicação de produtos de origem vegetal na oviposição de Euborellia annulipes ......................................... 62 3.5 Efeito da aplicação de produtos de origem vegetal no desenvolvimento embrionário de Euborellia annulipes ......... 64 4 CONCLUSÕES........................................................................................ 66 5 REFERÊNCIAS......................................................................................... 67 CAPÍTULO III Aspectos biológicos de Euborellia annulipes (Dermaptera: Anisolabididae) sobre o pulgão Hyadaphis foeniculi (Hemiptera: Aphididae).............................................................................. 72 RESUMO...................................................................................................... 73 ABSTRACT.................................................................................................. 74 1 INTRODUÇÃO.......................................................................................... 75 2 MATERIAL E MÉTODOS......................................................................... 78 2.1 Criação de Euborellia annulipes ................................................. 78 2.2 Variáveis biológicas estudadas em tesourinhas alimentadas com pulgão Hyadaphis foeniculi ........................ 80 2.2.1 Fase de ovo............................................................................ 80 2.2.2 Fase ninfal.............................................................................. 80 2.2.3 Número e duração de instares.............................................. 80 2.3 Capacidade de predação de Euborellia annulipes .. .................. 81 2.4 Delineamento estatístico.......................................................... 82 3 RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO................................................................ 83 3.1 Fase de ovo................................................................................ 83 3.2 Período de incubação............................................................... 84 3.3 Período de pré-oviposição....................................................... 85 3.4 Capacidade predatória de Euborellia annulipes sobre pulgões Hyadaphis foeniculi ............................................................ 86 3.5 Período ninfal de Euborellia annulipes sobre Hyadaphis foeniculi ............................................................................................. 89 4 CONCLUSÕES........................................................................................
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