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Et Moi, Tituba, Sorcière Noire De Salem (Maryse Condé) Kathleen Gyssels

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Et Moi, Tituba, Sorcière Noire De Salem (Maryse Condé) Kathleen Gyssels « Sages sorcières? » Révision de la mauvaise mère dans Beloved (Toni Morrison), Praisesong for the Widow (Paule Marshall), et Moi, Tituba, sorcière noire de Salem (Maryse Condé) Kathleen Gyssels University Press of America, Inc. [copyright informatiοn] I would like to thank Stephen E. James, for his trust in this long-range affair, Colleague Tom De Herdt for his precious help with the layout, Neighbour and poet Elie Rodenbach, for revising the manuscript. I dedicate this work to my beloveds, Manon and Peter April 2000 Table des matières Introduction ................................................................................................................................... xi Chapitre 1 Légitime Défense d'une nouvelle Renaissance .......................................................... 1 1.1 « Trace the New Web » .......................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Marshall, Morrison et Condé: passeuses de langue, tisseuses de liens................................... 4 1.3 Marshall, Morrison et Condé: veilleuses du lieu .................................................................... 8 1.4 Dossa et Doxa....................................................................................................................... 10 1.5 Sages sorcières?.................................................................................................................... 16 Chapitre 2 L'exil, entre l'ancrage et la fuite............................................................................... 19 2.1 Nomades renommées............................................................................................................ 19 2.2 « Womanistes » célébrées dans le « Tout-Monde ».............................................................. 20 2.3 La « bajane »......................................................................................................................... 29 2.4 La Caraïbe chez Marshall et Morrison.................................................................................. 36 2.4.1 Borne spatiale et spirituelle............................................................................................ 36 2.4.2 L'Isle des Chevaliers ...................................................................................................... 41 2.5 Condé et les f(r)ictions avec l'Amérique (Leah D.Hewitt) ................................................... 43 Chapitre 3 Vision: How it feels to be colored me....................................................................... 51 3.1 Déracialiser la littérature....................................................................................................... 51 3.2 Lignes inaugurales: « The Color Line » ............................................................................... 54 3.2.1 L'âge difficile de Pecola.................................................................................................57 3.2.2 Selina, spectre blanc ...................................................................................................... 61 3.2.3 Le « prestige du mulâtre » ............................................................................................. 62 Chapitre 4 Révision, un nouvel art du roman féminin noir...................................................... 67 4.1 Révision: le lien entre le postcolonialisme et le postmodernisme ........................................ 67 4.2 Stepto.................................................................................................................................... 68 4.3 Christian................................................................................................................................ 72 4.4 Baker..................................................................................................................................... 74 4.5 Gates ..................................................................................................................................... 74 4.6 « Marasa Consciousness » ....................................................................................................77 Chapitre 5 Révision de l'Histoire, mémoires d'outre-tombe..................................................... 79 5.1 « Des histoires défont l'Histoire » (Edouard Glissant).......................................................... 79 5.2 « I is a long memoried woman » (Grace Nichols) ................................................................ 82 v 5.2.1 « rememory »................................................................................................................. 83 5.2.2 Le cerveau retors............................................................................................................ 91 5.2.3 La mémoire adversaire................................................................................................... 91 5.3 Traces d'Histoire, histoires tracées........................................................................................98 5.3.1 Margaret Garner............................................................................................................. 99 5.3.2 Tituba Indien................................................................................................................ 107 5.4 « W/Righting History into Her Story » (Clarisse Zimra).................................................... 111 5.4.1 “Womanist neo-slave narrative”.................................................................................. 111 5.4.2 L'Amérique puritaine, revue et corrigée ...................................................................... 117 5.4.3 Broder sur l'histoire...................................................................................................... 120 5.4.3.1 Benjamin et Tituba................................................................................................ 120 5.4.3.2 La comédie de Christopher ................................................................................... 122 5.5 « The missing gravestone syndrome »................................................................................ 124 5.6 Second middle passage....................................................................................................... 126 5.6.1 La croisade d'Avey ...................................................................................................... 129 5.6.2 « a hot place ».............................................................................................................. 136 5.6.3 Tituba, la double déportée ........................................................................................... 144 Chapitre 6 Le fantastique féminin: entre 'gothic' et réalisme merveilleux ........................... 147 6.1 « Lo real maravilloso » ....................................................................................................... 147 6.2 « (G)/host writers »............................................................................................................. 151 6.3 Le gothique morrisonien..................................................................................................... 153 6.4 Révision du gothic novel .................................................................................................... 157 6.4.1 Genre masculin ............................................................................................................ 158 6.4.2 Le fantôme: retour du refoulé ...................................................................................... 161 6.4.3 Un fantastique féminin................................................................................................. 162 6.4.4 Fantôme, esprit, poltergeist, revenante ........................................................................ 164 6.4.5 Langage étrange........................................................................................................... 167 6.5 Raconter l'invisible ............................................................................................................. 174 6.6 Conseils métalittéraires....................................................................................................... 175 6.7 Le merveilleux marshallien................................................................................................. 178 6.8 La magie condéenne ........................................................................................................... 188 Chapitre 7 Lettres écarlates: Révision de Hawthorne............................................................. 195 7.1 Nègres d'écrivains célèbres................................................................................................. 195 7.2 Maître d'Ecole et Surveyor Pue .......................................................................................... 198 7.3 « A » pour Adultère ou pour Abolition?............................................................................. 199 7.4 Hester et Tituba, le féminisme revu.................................................................................... 204 Chapitre 8 La sorcière révisée, prêtresse sans église ............................................................... 211 vi 8.1 Sycorax ............................................................................................................................... 211 8.2 « Le plus indéracinable 'racisme' qui soit » .......................................................................
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