The Grinage Family of Southwestern Pennsylvania and Their Canadian Connection
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The Grinage Family of Southwestern Pennsylvania and their Canadian Connection The roots of a multi-racial family from the I 700's to the 1900's Marlene Bransom 412 Kathleen Street Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15211 [email protected] bransornC&mymailstation.com July 10, 2001 (DRAFT) Words of Thanks As you know, in presenting research, nothing is totally foolproof. Names are often misspelled, family relationship errors are often cited, especially when so many family members have the same names and their children have the same names as their children. If you, the reader, find any errors or inaccuracies in this publication, please do not hesitate to inform the writer so that the appropriate changes can be made. I'd especially like to thank Bryan and Shannon Prince at the Raleigh Township Museum in North Buxton, Ontario and their staff for the Thomas Grinage lineage charts; Connie Travis and Gwen Robinson at the WISH Centre in Canada; Martha Beecham of Washington, Pennsylvania; the late Charles Lawson of Walnut Creek, California; Patrick McCurdy of San Jose or Palo Alto, California; Ronald Palmer of Washington, D. C.; the late Alvah Headlee of Waynesburg, Pennsylvania who first showed me the Grinage Bible Records; Michael Boykin and Ellen Cochran, George Gordon, Christine Bennett and Cathy Sellers for the Jonathan Grinage line; Charlotte Nelson, Mary Elizabeth Smith, Shirlene Walls and Elaine Blyden for the Sylvester Grinage line, Ethel Lawson, Josephine, Brown, Carl Grinage, Sr. and Richard Grinage for the Benjamin Grinage line; William Davison for posting all of the Grinage obits on the internet; Paul Sluby, Barbara Hughes Smith, Floyd Handsor, and so many others. I would also like to thank the Carnegie Library Oakland Branch in Pittsburgh and the Hillman Library at the University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania for the use of their census records; the Southwestern Pennsylvania Historical Society in Washington, Pennsylvania; The Western Pennsylvania Historical Society in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; The Amherstburg Echo in Amherstburg, Canada; Mary Childs who lives in Grinage Run, Waynesburg, Pennsylvania; the late Arleigh Grinage of West Finley, Pennsylvania; The Greene County Courthouse in Waynesburg, Pennsylvania; The Washington County Courthouse in Washington, Pennsylvania; and the Cornerstone Genealogical Society in Waynesburg, Pennsylvania. All of you have contributed in so many ways, whether it be by the use of your material, by helping me to make connections, or by helping me to combine the information I already had with new information. I feel this work is just a start. There is more to be done on this work, but for now we'll say it's completed. "A moment recorded is a moment forever saved." The Origin of the John Grinage Family of Greene County, Pennsylvania Grinedge, born perhaps 1670, "formerly a Negro of Thomas Marsh," was a resident of Kent Island, Maryland. In 1699 he was acquitted of cohabiting with a white woman named Jane Shore in Talbot County, Maryland. He posted bond of 2,000 pounds of tobacco and a white man posted another 1,000 pounds of tobacco as security for his appearance in court. [Talbot County judgments 1691-1698, in Talbot County Land Record Liber A.B. 18, pt. 2, p. 524; Talbot County Judgments, Liber M. W. #1, p. 49 (second run of numbered pages), MdHR. by Kimmel]. His descendants were: i. Zachariah, "mulatto" head of a Queen Ann's County household of 8 "other free" in 1790 [MD: 100]. ii . Sherry, head of a Caroline County, Maryland household of 6 "other free" and 4 slaves in 1790 [MD:37]. iii. Benjamin, "free Negro" head of a Queen Ann's County, Maryland household of 6 other free" in 1790. iv. Benjamin, "free Mulatto" head of a Queen Ann's County household of 6 "other free" in 1790. v. Thomas, head of a Queen Ann's County household of 5 "other free" in 1790 [MD: 100]. vi. Cusby, head of a Queen Ann's County household of 5 "other free" in 1790 [MD: 1001. vii. Jacob, "free Mulatto" head of a Queen Ann's County household of 4 "other free" in 1790 [MD: 100]. viii. John, rented 2 acres of land in Queen Ann's County, from Richard Hall on 18 November 1785 [CD: no. 2, fol.52]. ix. Jacob, "free Negro' head of a Delaware household in 1790 [DE:541. x. George Grenish, "Negro" head of a Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania household of 6 "other free" in 1790 [PA:2321. xi. John Greenough, head of a Massachusetts household of 3 "other free" in 1790 [MA: 149]. xii. Sampson, head of a Stafford, Virginia household of 3 "other free" in 1810. It is not known whether the "Grinedge" mentioned above is the progenitor of the Grinage family in Greene County, Pennsylvania; however, a story told by local Grinage family members that a slave owner's daughter fell in love with a Grinage slave, seems to be similar to the story about "Grinedge" mentioned above. The story goes on to say that the slave owner sent them North, to protect them, and gave them a piece of land on which to live. The Greene County, Pennsylvania Grinage/Grinnage family may have settled in New Jersey then Philadelphia before locating to southwestern Pennsylvania, for a Jonathan Grinage is listed as an inhabitant of Burlington, Burlington County, New Jersey in the ratables of 1773-1774. A few years later 2 in the 1790 census of Gloucester County, New Jersey a free John Grenage (Negro) was listed. One son of the Greene County Grinage's lists his origin of birth as New Jersey; however, the Grinages may have lived in Maryland before migrating to New Jersey as already alluded, for there were several Grinages in Queen Anne County in the 1790's and beyond. Also according to the Hatch-Grinage Papers in the Heartman Collection of Louisiana, the name Grinage appeared as a slaveholder in Louisiana; however, the connection to the Greene County Grinage families has not yet been made. Recent information has revealed that the "Greenidges" are from the Caribbean Islands and the West Indies. Several Greenidges living in the St. Phillips, Barbados area near Fowl Bay or Nursery Road moved about the island as they grew up, and many have relocated to other islands like Jamaica, St. Kitts, and Trinidad and Tobago. It seems that most of those with a direct island connection spell their surname "Greenidge." Currently, there are thousands of Island descendant Greenidges living in the states of New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania in the United States. The Grinage name spelled Greenidge, Grinnage, Grenage, Greenwich, Greenage, etc., in southwestern Pennsylvania first appeared in the 1810 federal census for Union Township, Fayette County, Pennsylvania as John Greenwich (mulatto) with eight free persons in his household; age and sex of family members are not listed. Then in the 18.20 census for Greene County, Pennsylvania the name John Grenige appears in Whiteley Township. In his household there are a total of 14 free colored persons: 2 males under 14; 5 males 14-26; 1 male 45 and up; 3 females under 14; 2 females 14-25; and 1 female 45 and up. From this breakdown, there seems to be a husband and wife both 45 years of age or older. Since there is no breakdown of the ages of the members of the John Greenwich family in Fayette County in 1810, it is not clear whether or not this is the same John Grinage that now appears in Greene County, Pennsylvania; however, if we assume that it is, six new family members have been added which is entirely possible during a ten-year period. In the census of 1830 the name Jonathan Grinage appears in Union Borough, Fayette County with I male under 10; 1 male 10-24; 1 male 36-55; 3 female under 10; and I female 24-36. Also in 1830, a John Grinage reappears in Whiteley Township, Greene County with only six free colored persons: 2 males 10-24; 1 male 55-100; 1 female under 10; 1 female 10-24; and I female 55- 100 in his family. Jonathan appears to be a either a John's son or brother. If you compare the breakdown in John Grinage's household in the 1830 census for Greene County to that of the John Grinage in the 1820 census for Greene County, you can see that the five males 14-26 in the 1820 census are no longer at John's house. Neither are the two females 14-25 or the two females that 3 were under 14 at the time of the 1820 census. This might suggest: (1) several of the males and females listed in the 1820 census for Greene County were not Grinages by name, but boarders or (2) several of the males, who can be traced by their last name, left the state or country since the Grinage name is not present, in the other Pennsylvania counties or (3) several of the females got married and are now on their own. The tracking of the females is more difficult because once they married, their surname changed to that of their husbands. In the 1840 census, the name John Greenage appears in Whiteley Township along with the names Thomas Greenage and Benjamin Grinage as heads of household as follows: 1840 John Greenage Thomas Greenage Benjamin Grinage 1 male 10-24 2 males under 10 3 males under 10 1 male 55-100 1 male 36-55 1 male 24-36 1 female under 10 1 female under 10 1 female under 10 1 female 10-24 1 female under 10 1 female 24-36 1 female 55-100 1 female 24-36 If we examine the household of John Greenage in the 1840 census, we find that two of the persons in his household are between the ages of 55-100.