DOCSLIB.ORG

A Cost-Effective Knowledge-Based Reasoning System for Design for Automation

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Cost-Effective Knowledge-Based Reasoning System for Design for Automation 1 A cost-effective knowledge-based reasoning system for design for automation E M Shehab1* and H S Abdalla2 1Department of Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Cranfield, UK 2Department of Product and Spatial Design, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK The manuscript was received on 3 February 2005 and was accepted after revision for publication on 16 December 2005. DOI: 10.1243/095440554JEM298 Abstract: Design for assembly automation (DFAA) is an important part of the concurrent engineering strategy for reduction of product manufacturing costs and lead times. An intelligent knowledge-based system (KBS) for design for automation and early cost modelling within a concurrent engineering environment has been developed. This paper focuses upon the development of the design for an assembly automation system. The system framework encompasses an extensive knowledge base reasoning system, a CAD system, a design analysis for automation module, a design improvement suggestion module, and a user interface. The development process of the system involved three main stages: creating the KBS, developing the design improvement module, and integrating the KBS with the CAD system. The developed system has the capability to: (a) select the most economic assembly technique for the product at an early design stage; (b) estimate the assembly time and cost for manual, automatic, and robotic assembly methods; and (c) analyse the product design for automation and provide the designers with design improvement suggestions of a product to simplify assembly operations without any compromise of the product functionality. The above capabilities of the system have been demonstrated and validated through a real case study. Keywords: design for automation, concurrent engineering, knowledge-based systems, assembly cost estimation 1 INTRODUCTION good design from the assembly point of view [7]. Therefore, they need an efficient tool to support Assembly is one of the most important processes of them during the design process and to overcome the product development cycle that affects the the above limitation. Naturally, there are some over- product’s quality, lead time, and cost. Research lapping considerations in the two major design for results have proved that over 70 per cent of the pro- automation (DFA) categories, namely design for duction costs of a product are determined during the manual and design for automated assembly. How- conceptual design stage [1, 2]. In addition, assembly ever, in product design requirements, manual cost often accounts for over 40 per cent of the total assembly differs widely from automatic or robot manufacturing cost [3–6]. Therefore, it is essential assembly owing to the differences in ability between to take into consideration all the requirements of human operators and any automatic method of assembly during the early design stages, otherwise assembly. An operation that is easy for an assembly additional cost and time to redesign already finished worker to perform might be impossible for a robot designs is inevitable. In addition, specifically assem- or special-purpose workhead [8]. bly automation and robotic assembly are highly To date, a significant amount of research work has specialized fields. Furthermore, most designer been achieved on various issues of design for assem- engineers do not normally have the necessary bly, such as product and process design methodolo- knowledge to meet all requirements to achieve a gies [9], assemblability analysis and evaluation [10], automated assembly of specific components [11], *Corresponding author: Enterprise Integration, SIMS, Cran- detailed analysis of assembly operations [12, 13], field University, Building 53, Cranfield, Bedford MK43 0AL, automated sequence planning [7, 14, 15], joining UK. email: [email protected] processes and related technology [16, 17], computer JEM298 Ó IMechE 2006 Proc. IMechE Vol. 220 Part B: J. Engineering Manufacture 2 E M Shehab and H S Abdalla simulation of assembly process [18], etc. However, the design process. In particular, suggestions for the most well-known DFA methods are those of product re-designs improvement for easy robotic Boothroyd and Dewhurst [8] and the assemblability assembly operation, without any compromise of evaluation method (AEM) by Hitachi [10]. The draw- the product’s functionality, have received less atten- back of the former technique is that the product ana- tion from researchers. In addition, the previous sys- lysis is complicated and quite time-consuming, tems are carried out on a completed product despite available personal computer (PC) programs. design. At that stage of design the necessary rede- Furthermore the technique depends only on the signing is very expensive and the lead time of the functional analysis of the product, without taking product is increased. Additionally, these techniques into consideration the manufacturing cost of com- relied on asking the designers, who lack the neces- plex components. Clearly, the cost of complex com- sary design for assembly knowledge, to answer a set ponents could possibly erode any advantage gained of questions regarding the functionality and the var- in reduction of assembly costs. AEM by Hitachi [10] ious parts of the product. is suitable for typical mass products, such as tape The present paper presents details of the develop- records or vacuum cleaners. Shortcomings of this ment of an intelligent knowledge-based system approach are that the costs for component handling (KBS) for design for automation to overcome the and orienting are not considered and that the esti- above shortcomings. However, the current system mation of the actual assembly costs is uncertain. is a further development of a design to cost system Further details about the reviews on the different that has been developed by the current authors [1, aspects of design for assembly can be found in refer- 27–29]. The major achievement of the latest version ences [12, 19, 20]. of the developed system is that it unified the product Much effort has been done on the development cost modelling and design for assembly automation of DFA knowledge-based expert systems [3, 13, into an integrated system. Therefore, the main 21–25]. In general, these systems consist of a design objectives of this new version of the developed sys- tool computer-aided-design (CAD), a knowledge- tem are to: (a) estimate the assembly cost; (b) select acquisition and storage tool, and an inference the most economic assembly technique for the engine. The famous knowledge-based design for product at an early design stage; and (c) analyse assembly systems was developed by Lucas Engin- the product design for automation and provide the eering [21]. This system is the most advanced in designers with design improvement recommenda- design for the assembly process, yet not necessarily tions to simplify assembly operations, based on a the most effective in reducing assembly cost. It com- design feasibility technique. prises the definition of an assembly sequence and the analysis of each component and its liaison for ease of handling and fitting. This results in handling 2 SYSTEM FRAMEWORK and fitting indices. It also takes account of avail- ability of gripping surfaces. Zha et al. described The system framework for design for assembly com- in a number of papers [3, 22, 24] the develop- prises a knowledge-based reasoning system, a CAD ment process of a knowledge-based approach to system, a design analysis for robotic assembly mod- support top–down design for assembled products ule, a design improvement suggestion module, and a [3, 22] and an agent-based expert system for concur- user interface. The basic architecture of the system rent product design and assembly planning [24]. model is illustrated in Fig. 1. Three main steps have The proposed intelligent approach and framework been involved in developing the system: building [3, 22] focused on the knowledge-based integration the KBS, creating the design improvement module, of product design, assemblability analysis and eva- and integrating the KBS with the CAD system. The luation, and design for assembly with economical developed system was designed in such a way in analysis. An intelligent system for product design order to allow designers to analyse and/or modify for assembly within a concurrent engineering envir- the product at any stage of the design process. It onment has been presented by Daabub and Abdalla works in a fully interactive mode. [23]. Moreover, their system enables designers to The designer communicates with each module via minimize the number of components of a product the user interface. He/she has to specify, to the and select the assembly method for that specific system, the basic product specifications and the product. The general rules and guidelines of DFA production data such as production volume, methods accompanied by illustrated examples can number of components, and number of working be found in reference [26]. shifts. These data are employed in the system to A review of available literature indicates that, so select the most economic assembly technique for far, little research work has been done on product the product. The system then commences the design design for assembly automation at an early stage of analysis for the selected assembly method. The Proc. IMechE Vol. 220 Part B: J. Engineering Manufacture JEM298 Ó IMechE 2006 A cost-effective knowledge-based reasoning system 3 Assembly Time Kno wle dg e-B as ed S ys te m & Cost Estimation (KBS) Assembly Technique Selection Design Anal ysis Design for Improvement Robotic Assembl y Suggestions Design Suggestion Li brar y Fig. 1 The structure of design for assembly system system presents the design analysis in an efficient An expert system, Kappa-PC [30] toolkit devel- user interface. oped by Intellicorp, Microsoft Excel database, and The developed design for the automation system AutoCAD as a CAD tool have been chosen to develop has the capability to apply the design criteria for the proposed system. Kappa-PC supports frame- robotic assembly. The roles of the design improve- based objected oriented programming and high-per- ment module are to: formance rule-based reasoning.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Design for Assembly" As a Working Approach at Atlas Copco Tools
    TMT 2012:69 Evaluation of "Design For Assembly" as a working approach at Atlas Copco Tools ALEXANDER ANTURI JENNY TIGER Examensarbete inom MASKINTEKNIK Innovation och Design Högskoleingenjör, 15 hp Södertälje, Sverige 2012 Evaluation of "Design For Assembly" as a working approach at Atlas Copco Tools av Alexander Anturi Jenny Tiger Examensarbete TMT 2012:69 KTH Industriell teknik och management Tillämpad maskinteknik Mariekällgatan 3, 151 81 Södertälje Examensarbete TMT 2012:69 Utvärdering av "Design For Assembly" som ett arbetssätt på Atlas Copco Tools Alexander Anturi Jenny Tiger Godkänt Examinator KTH Handledare KTH 2012-08-20 Namn Jan Linell Uppdragsgivare Företagskontakt/handledare Atlas Copco Tools AB Andris Danebergs Sammanfattning Denna rapport presenterar resultatet av ett examensarbete där en utvärdering av DFA(Design For Assembly)- metoden som ett arbetssätt på Atlas Copco Tools utfördes. DFA är en metod som handlar om att designa en produkt så att dess egenskaper kommer att ha en inverkan på monteringsvänligheten av produkten. Det främsta målet med DFA är att reducera antalet ingående detaljer i en produkt. Atlas Copco Tools är ett företag som har påbörjat sin resa mot ständiga förbättringar och fokuserat sig bland annat på att förbättra produktutvecklingsprocessen. Därav har företaget visat ett stort intresse för DFA-metoden som ett arbetssätt inom konstruktionsavdelningen. Idag använder sig inte Atlas Copco Tools av en specifik metod som stödjer DFA-metodiken vid utveckling av deras produkter. Den stora frågan i detta examensarbete är därför huruvida DFA lönar sig att implementeras på Atlas Copco Tools i deras produktutecklingsprocess och i så fall hur arbetet med DFA ska ske samt vilka tillvägagångssätt ska användas.
    [Show full text]
  • Implementing Design for Automatic Assembly a Recommendation on How to Implement and Apply DFAA at Company Y
    DEGREE PROJECT IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, SECOND CYCLE, 30 CREDITS STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN 2018 Implementing Design For Automatic Assembly A recommendation on how to implement and apply DFAA at Company Y FILIPPA VON YXKULL KTH ROYAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY SCHOOL OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT Implementing Design For Automatic Assembly A recommendation on how to implement and apply DFAA at Company Y Filippa von Yxkull Master of Science Thesis TPRMM: 2018: KTH Production Engineering and Management Industrial Production SE-100 44 STOCKHOLM Abstract The need to work with Design for Automatic Assembly (DFAA) has been widely recognized in the literature. However, the implementation of DFAA is not clearly defined. Therefore, the purpose of this master thesis is to investigate and contribute with knowledge of how DFAA should be implemented into an organization, such as Company Y. Several interviews have been conducted to establish a current state analysis, to receive an understanding of the current problems at Company Y and how to address them. A benchmarking study was conducted, where the three companies Ericsson, Company X and Scania were interviewed. All three companies have successfully implemented DFA and were interviewed with the purpose to obtaining their best practices. The study also included an early implementation of DFAA, where a software based DFA2-method created by Eskilander (2001) was tested on a current product and a new developed design concept at Company Y. Based on this a recommended workflow of the evaluation could be attained. Based on the empirical gatherings several recommendations of how DFAA should be implemented into the organization could be made.
    [Show full text]
  • Application of a Design Method for Manufacture and Assembly Flexible Assembly Methods and Their Evaluation for the Construction of Bridges
    Application of a Design Method for Manufacture and Assembly Flexible Assembly Methods and their Evaluation for the Construction of Bridges Master of Science Thesis in the Master’s Programme Design and Construction Project Management MICHEL KALYUN TEZERA WODAJO Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Division of Structural Engineering Steel and Timber Structures CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Göteborg, Sweden 2012 Master’s Thesis 2012:29 MASTER’S THESIS 2012:29 Application of a Design Method for Manufacture and Assembly Master of Science Thesis in the Master’s Programme Design and Construction Project Management MICHEL KALYUN & TEZERA WODAJO Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Division of Structural Engineering Steel and Timber Structures CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Göteborg, Sweden 2012 Application of a Design Method for Manufacture and Assembly Flexible Assembly Methods and their Evaluation for the Construction of Bridges Master of Science Thesis in the Master’s Programme Design and Construction Project Management MICHEL KALYUN & TEZERA WODAJO © MICHEL KALYUN & TEZERA WODAJO, 2012 Examensarbete/Institutionen för bygg- och miljöteknik, Chalmers tekniska högskola 2012:29 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Division of Construction Management Chalmers University of Technology SE-412 96 Göteborg Sweden Telephone: + 46 (0)31-772 1000 Cover: Demonstration of easy assembly Chalmers reproservice / Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Göteborg, Sweden 2012 Application of a Design Method
    [Show full text]
  • Assembly Simulation Through a Digital Mock-Up Application
    ASSEMBLY SIMULATION THROUGH A DIGITAL MOCK-UP APPLICATION Giampaolo Pascali, Angelo Corallo, Mariangela Lazoi and Alessandro Margherita EuroMediterranean Incubator, University of Salento, Via Monteroni s.n., Lecce, Italy Keywords: Design for assembly, Digital mock-up, Naval sector. Abstract: “Design for X” includes a set of techniques to realize the best product yet during the design avoiding re- works and loose of time and money. Among these, the design for assembly covers an important role and aims to design a product “thinking” to the physical assembling moment. Digital Mock-Up (DMU) is a process to enhance assembly feasibility and efficiency through specific design analysis and allow re- producing a product virtual assembling. Based on an action research based on a collaboration among company and university researchers, the paper aims to describe the development of a DMU application in a naval Italian aerospace company to improve a ship fuel system assembling. Technical features of the application are described. 1 INTRODUCTION company processes, the activities for assembling individual parts to obtain the final product are Different authors face the topics of the new product crucial as they use over 50% of total production development phases (Clark, Wheelright, 1995; time, with costs varying from 20% to 40% for a Crawford, Di Benedetto, 2003; Ulrich, Eppinger, single unit. The use of DFA can improve 2007; Ribbens, 2000; Rosenau et al., 1996), significantly such performance and several methods everyone specify such phase that goes from the have been developed at this purpose (Miyakawa and conceptualization until the production trough the Ohashi, 1986; Boothroyd and Dewhurst, 1986; engineering.
    [Show full text]
  • How to Design for Manufacture and Assembly Value Chain Competitiveness (VCC)
    How to Design for Manufacture and Assembly Value Chain Competitiveness (VCC) Version: 1 December 2019 This information is provided by Rolls-Royce in good faith based upon the latest information © 2019 Rolls-Royce | Not Subject to Export available to it; no warranty or representation is given; no contractual or other binding Control commitment is implied. 2 How to Design for Manufacture and BACK Map NEXT Assembly Scope Objectives & Principles Prerequisites 1. Understand 2. Apply ‘Design ‘Design for Gate Gate Start Check for Manufacture Check Manufacture and list and Assembly’ list Assembly’ End © 2019 Rolls-Royce 3 Scope BACK Map NEXT This ‘How To’ will enable you to: • Identify and review the inputs needed to conduct appropriate Design for Manufacture and Assembly (DFMA) at different stages of the product lifecycle • Design for manufacture guidelines • Design for assembly guidelines • DFMA team members with knowledge and experience in cross-functional disciplines • The product, manufacturing and assembly requirements • Approach to conducting DFMA reviews for action capture and closure © 2019 Rolls-Royce 4 Objective and Principles BACK Map NEXT 1. DFMA influences design definition 2. Design for Assembly aims to in the early stages of the product reduce the number of parts, development easing handling and assembly operations Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DFMA) Influence on Cost / Quality / Time: 4. DFMA utilises cross-functional 3. Design for Manufacturing aims to knowledge and experiences for select the most cost effective idea generation and action material and process to ease implementation manufacturing operations © 2019 Rolls-Royce 5 Prerequisites BACK Map NEXT Knowledge: • Existing design development process and potential benefits of adopting a DFMA approach © 2019 Rolls-Royce 6 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Final Presentation
    Cradle to Cradle Andrea Herrera Jaramillo Student Msc. Industrial Design Engineering Cradle to Cradle Business Case Theory Practice C2C lectures Books Papers /documents C2C Expo Lab C2C PII MBDC website EPEA website Cradle to Cradle Business Case/ Andrea Herrera/ [email protected] / University of Twente/ Dec 2012 Cradle to Cradle Business Case Part 1 Cradle to Cradle Theory Part 2 Cradle to Cradle Implementation implementation Environment Description process Leolux Staco Part 3 Van Houtum Comparison Leolux Staco Van Houtum Cradle to Cradle Business Case/ Andrea Herrera/ [email protected] / University of Twente/ Dec 2012 Cradle to Cradle Business Case Part 1 Cradle to Cradle Theory Cradle to Cradle Implementation process Cradle to Cradle Business Case/ Andrea Herrera/ [email protected] / University of Twente/ Dec 2012 Cradle to Cradle Theory review Philosophy Principles Application tools 1. Waste equals food: Roadmaps Improving product quality nutrients become nutrients Defined Use Pathways by moving from being again 2. Use current solar income: 'less bad' (eco-efficiency) Design for Assembly, use renewable sources to becoming 'good' (eco- Disassembly and Reverse powered by sun effectiveness) Logistics 3. Celebrate diversity: biodiversity, cultural Preferred Ingredients Lists diversity and conceptual (P-Lists) diversity Cradle to Cradle Business Case/ Andrea Herrera/ [email protected] / University of Twente/ Dec 2012 Cradle to Cradle Theory: Cradle to
    [Show full text]
  • Genetic Algorithm Optimization of Product Design for Environmental Impact Reduction
    GENETIC ALGORITHM OPTIMIZATION OF PRODUCT DESIGN FOR ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REDUCTION JULIROSE GONZALES THESIS SUBMITTED IN FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY FACULTY OF ENGINEERING UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA KUALA LUMPUR 2018 ABSTRACT The growing environmental awareness of today’s consumers has put the manufacturing companies with the burden of taking responsibility for their own product’s environmental impact. This incited the need to develop product management systems which focus on minimizing a product’s impact across its life cycle. However, a survey conducted on Malaysian design companies suggests that there are no systems available for them to include environmental considerations in their product design processes. This dissertation presents a study on product design optimization which focuses on the inclusion of the potential environmental impact in the design consideration. The aim of this research is to develop a methodology that will aid designers to reduce the potential environmental impact of a product’s design, which does not require them to train additional skills in environmental impact analysis. Analysis of the effect of changing the product design parameters such as its dimensions, and basic features on the environmental impact of machining process in terms of its power consumption, waste produced and the chemicals and other consumables used up during the process is the key method in this research. A novel feature-based product design methodology based on an integrated CAD-LCA approach is developed which analyzes a product design’s environmental impact. Genetic Algorithm is applied to the product design parameters to create a feedback system in order to get the best possible product design solutions with the least environmental impact within the product design functionality limitation.
    [Show full text]
  • Design for Manufacture and Assembly (Dfma) in Construction: the Old and the New Weisheng Lu1, Tan Tan2*, Jinying Xu3, Jing Wang4, Ke Chen5, Shang Gao6, and Fan Xue7
    Design for Manufacture and Assembly (DfMA) in construction: the old and the new Weisheng Lu1, Tan Tan2*, Jinying Xu3, Jing Wang4, Ke Chen5, Shang Gao6, and Fan Xue7 This is a copy of the peer-reviewed Accepted Manuscript of the paper: Lu, W., Tan, T., Xu, J., Wang, J., Chen, K., Gao, S. & Xue, F. (2020). Design for Manufacture and Assembly (DfMA) in construction: The old and the new. Architectural Engineering and Design Management, in press. Doi: 10.1080/17452007.2020.1768505 This document is available for personal and non-commercial use only, as permitted by Taylor & Francis Group’s Architectural Engineering and Design Management. The final version is available online: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/17452007.2020.1768505 5 6 Abstract 7 Design for manufacture and assembly (DfMA) has become a buzzword amid the global 8 resurgence of prefabrication and construction industrialization. Some argued that DfMA is 9 hardly new, as there are concepts such as buildability, lean construction, value management, 10 and integrated project delivery in place already. Others believe that DfMA is a new direction 11 to future construction. This paper aims to review the development of DfMA in manufacturing 12 and its status quo in construction, and clarify its similarities and differences to other concepts. 13 A multi-step research method is adopted in this study: First, an analytical framework is 14 generated; Secondly, a literature review is conducted on DfMA in general, and DfMA-like 15 concepts in the AEC industry; The third step is to compare DfMA with related concepts. This 16 study reveals that DfMA as a philosophy is hardly new in construction, and the empirical 17 implementation of many DfMA guidelines has begun in the AEC industry.
    [Show full text]
  • Design for Human Safety in Manufacturing Systems
    Design for human safety in manufacturing systems: applications of design theories, methodologies, tools and techniques Leyla Sadeghi, Jean-Yves Dantan, Ali Siadat, Jacques Marsot To cite this version: Leyla Sadeghi, Jean-Yves Dantan, Ali Siadat, Jacques Marsot. Design for human safety in manu- facturing systems: applications of design theories, methodologies, tools and techniques. Journal of Engineering Design, Taylor & Francis, 2016, 27 (12), pp.844-877. 10.1080/09544828.2016.1235262. hal-01394720 HAL Id: hal-01394720 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01394720 Submitted on 9 Nov 2016 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Design for human safety in manufacturing systems: applications of design theories, methodologies, tools and techniques Leyla Sadeghia, Jean-Yves Dantana, Ali Siadata and Jacques Marsotb aLaboratory of Design, Manufacturing and Control (LCFC), Arts et Métiers ParisTech, Metz, France; bFrench National Research and Safety Institute (INRS), Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France ABSTRACT During recent decades, there has been growing awareness of human safety in the design process. The purpose of this paper is to review the literature on design for human safety (DfHS) in manufacturing systems. To this end, a process for systematically reviewing DfHS studies was used.
    [Show full text]
  • Design for Manufacture and Assembly in Construction: a Review
    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335635445 Design for manufacture and assembly in construction: a review Article in Building Research and Information · December 2019 DOI: 10.1080/09613218.2019.1660608 CITATIONS READS 2 283 3 authors: Gao Shang Ruoyu Jin University of Melbourne London South Bank University 39 PUBLICATIONS 392 CITATIONS 85 PUBLICATIONS 642 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Weisheng Lu The University of Hong Kong 197 PUBLICATIONS 3,587 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Changing cities View project Content analysis of construction documents using semantic similarity models View project All content following this page was uploaded by Ruoyu Jin on 07 September 2019. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Building Research & Information ISSN: 0961-3218 (Print) 1466-4321 (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/rbri20 Design for manufacture and assembly in construction: a review Shang Gao, Ruoyu Jin & Weisheng Lu To cite this article: Shang Gao, Ruoyu Jin & Weisheng Lu (2019): Design for manufacture and assembly in construction: a review, Building Research & Information, DOI: 10.1080/09613218.2019.1660608 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/09613218.2019.1660608 Published online: 05 Sep 2019. Submit your article to this journal View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=rbri20
    [Show full text]
  • Place Title Here
    Using Cost Analysis as a Tool for Combining Design for Assembly and Design for Disassembly at the Early Stage of Sustainable Product Development Process Reza Memary Department of Manufacturing and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTM Skudai, Malaysia. [email protected] Abstract costs. But, those methods that facilitate manufacturing, usually makes environmental problems. As a case in A model for Integration of Assembly and Disassembly point difficulties in disassembly and using toxic in Lifecycle Management is proposed and its efficiency materials are sizeable. In order to solve this problem, is evaluated using case studies. The feasibility of whole product life cycle should be considered during considering assembly and disassembly together in the product development process. way that End of Life Option gives the highest profit and promotes recycling profitability is investigated. 2 Literature Review Keywords; Design for Sustainability, Design for 2.1 Design for Assembly Assembly, Design for Disassembly, Life Cycle Management Design for Assembly is considering and resolving the possible problems in the assembly process at the 1 Introduction early stage of the design which can make sure the part will be assembled with high speed, low cost and productivity. Today, Environment is dealing with high amounts DFA is a kind of design method that can be used in of solid waste added to the earth. These wastes are two ways. First a tool for assembly analysis and making severe problems for earth. For instance, in second a guide for assembly design. 2001 Japan calculated that it was soon to run out of There are different Quantitative evaluation space for landfill so government passed a law which procedures design that mostly concentrates on added the cost of recycling home appliances to the evaluating the design and improving it using retail price.
    [Show full text]
  • Assembly Square Visions
    Mayors Letter ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS MAYOR JOSEPH CURTATONE OFFICE OF STRATEGIC PLANNING AND HOUSING COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT Michael Feloney, Director of Housing George Proakis, Executive Director OSPCD Kelly Donato, Assistant Housing Director Nancy Lynch, Executive Assistant Mona Al-Abadi, Housing Coordinator PT Christine Andrews,Housing Coordinator PLANNING & ZONING Lisa-Anne Davidson, Housing Grant Manager Sarah Lewis, Director Planning and Zoning Francelia Lievanos, Housing Intake Specialist Rebecca Cooper, Senior Planner Kenneth Joyce, Housing Rehab Program Manager Victor Nascimento, Outreach Coord Plan and Zoning Ithzel Polanco-Cabadas, Inclusion HSG PRG MGR J. Brandon Wilson, Director of Histroric Preservation Wilfredo Santana, Inclusion HSG Specialist Rebecca Cooper, Senior Planner Russell Koty, Lead Program Mangaer Daniel Bartman, Senior Planner Gerry Carrington, Lead Program Coordinator Sarah White, Senior Planner Bryant Gaspard, Program Specialist Charlotte Leis, Planner Andres Buseno, Program Specialist Deana Brown, Admin Assistant Hannah Carrillo, Sustainability Coordinator MOBILITY HOUSING STABILITY Bradley Rawson, Director of Mobility Ellen Shachter, Director of Housing Stability Justin Schreiber, Planner Frederic Berman, Deputy Director of Housing Stability Adam Polinski, Transportation Analyst Susan Chimene, Deputy Director of Housing Stability Alexandra Kleyman, Senior Planner Lydia Lopez, Housing Case Manager Comm Liaison Viola Augustin,Green Line Extension Project Liaison Ebenezer Forbes, HSG Case MGR LandLD Outreach C Amina
    [Show full text]