Condition of the Working Class in England
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Friedrich Engels in the Age of Digital Capitalism. Introduction
tripleC 19 (1): 1-14, 2021 http://www.triple-c.at Engels@200: Friedrich Engels in the Age of Digital Capitalism. Introduction. Christian Fuchs University of Westminster, [email protected], http://fuchs.uti.at, @fuchschristian Abstract: This piece is the introduction to the special issue “Engels@200: Friedrich Engels in the Age of Digital Capitalism” that the journal tripleC: Communication, Capitalism & Critique published on the occasion of Friedrich Engels’s 200th birthday on 28 November 2020. The introduction introduces Engels’s life and works and gives an overview of the special issue’s contributions. Keywords: Friedrich Engels, 200th birthday, anniversary, digital capitalism, Karl Marx Date of Publication: 28 November 2020 CC-BY-NC-ND: Creative Commons License, 2021. 2 Christian Fuchs 1. Friedrich Engels’s Life Friedrich Engels was born on 28 November 1820 in Barmen, a city in North Rhine- Westphalia, Germany, that has since 1929 formed a district of the city Wuppertal. In the early 19th century, Barmen was one of the most important manufacturing centres in the German-speaking world. He was the child of Elisabeth Franziska Mauritia Engels (1797-1873) and Friedrich Engels senior (1796-1860). The Engels family was part of the capitalist class and operated a business in the cotton manufacturing industry, which was one of the most important industries. In 1837, Engels senior created a business partnership with Peter Ermen called Ermen & Engels. The company operated cotton mills in Manchester (Great Britain) and Engelskirchen (Germany). Other than Marx, Engels did not attend university because his father wanted him to join the family business so that Engels junior already at the age of 16 started an ap- prenticeship in commerce. -
Introduction Michael Hattaway
1 Introduction Michael Hattaway What does it mean to speak of ‘the English Renaissance’? Within the parts of this volume, defining historical contexts and perspectives, the next offering readings of particular texts along with accounts of genres and modes, and the last presenting engagements with a number of critical issues and debates, we approach the question in a variety of ways. The word ‘Renaissance’ designates ‘rebirth’, a metaphor applied, from its begin- nings, to a cultural vision that originated in Italy. For the nineteenth and twentieth centuries this was projected in a magnificent synthesis by Jacob Burckhardt, The Civ- ilization of the Renaissance in Italy (1860). Burckhardt retrospectively laid out a master proposal to revive the art and learning of the classical world, to emulate the grandeur of ancient cities, to stimulate science and geographical discovery, and to produce art and literature that imitated antique models, an undertaking which was dedicated as much to the profane as to the spiritual. Rival city states of Italy required monuments to enhance their fame, and thus ensured patronage for the writers and artists who duly bequeathed to posterity the texts and great architectural and visual exemplars with which we are all familiar. Burckhardt’s categories, which rest upon notions of ‘genius’, ‘individuality’ and secularization, have percolated into all too many derivative hand- books for the period: they may not, however, fit the English experience. England did enjoy a phenomenal energizing of literature: this is an age that, tra- ditionally, has at its centre, Spenser and Sidney, Marlowe and Nashe, Shakespeare, and Jonson. Ben Jonson, exceptionally, did publish his ‘works’ in a manner befitting an author of the Renaissance, although some of the dramatic genres he used have medieval origins. -
Class and Ocupation
Theory and Society, vol. 9, núm. 1, 1980, pp. 177-214. Class and Ocupation. Wright, Erik Olin. Cita: Wright, Erik Olin (1980). Class and Ocupation. Theory and Society, 9 (1) 177-214. Dirección estable: https://www.aacademica.org/erik.olin.wright/53 Acta Académica es un proyecto académico sin fines de lucro enmarcado en la iniciativa de acceso abierto. Acta Académica fue creado para facilitar a investigadores de todo el mundo el compartir su producción académica. Para crear un perfil gratuitamente o acceder a otros trabajos visite: http://www.aacademica.org. 177 CLASS AND OCCUPATION ERIK OLIN WRIGHT Sociologists have generally regarded "class" and "occupation" as occupy- ing essentially the same theoretical terrain. Indeed, the most common operationalization of class is explicitly in terms of a typology of occupa- tions: professional and technical occupations constitute the upper-middle class, other white collar occupations comprise the middle class proper, and manual occupations make up the working class. Even when classes are not seen as defined simply by a typology of occupations, classes are generally viewed as largely determined by occupations. Frank Parkin expresses this view when he writes: "The backbone of the class structure, and indeed of the entire reward system of modern Western society, is the occupational order. Other sources of economic and symbolic advantage do coexist alongside the occupational order, but for the vast majority of the population these tend, at best, to be secondary to those deriving from the division of labor."' While the expression "backbone" is rather vague, nevertheless the basic proposition is clear: the occupational structure fundamentally determines the class structure. -
Inside the Middle Class
Inside the Middle Class: Bad Times Hit the Good Life FOR RELEASE WEDNESDAY APRIL 9, 2008 12:00PM EDT Paul Taylor, Project Director Rich Morin, Senior Editor D'Vera Cohn, Senior Writer Richard Fry, Senior Researcher Rakesh Kochhar, Senior Researcher April Clark, Research Associate MEDIA INQUIRIES CONTACT: Pew Research Center 202 419 4372 http://pewresearch.org ii Table of Contents Foreword…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...3 Executive Summary……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………5 Overview……………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………7 Section One – A Self-Portrait 1. The Middle Class Defines Itself ………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………..28 2. The Middle Class Squeeze………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………..…….36 3. Middle Class Finances ……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….……………………..47 4. Middle Class Priorities and Values………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………….53 5. Middle Class Jobs ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………………………….65 6. Middle Class Politics…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………71 About the Pew Social and Demographic Trends Project ……………………………………………………….…………………………….78 Questionnaire and topline …………………………………………………………………………………………………….………………………………..79 Section Two – A Statistical Portrait 7. Middle Income Demography, 1970-2006…………………………………………………………………………………………………………110 8. Trends in Income, Expenditures, Wealth and Debt………………………………………..…………………………………………….140 Section Two Appendix ……………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………………………………..163 -
\~~A L BEC~US Tes OUR LAND
Palestinian struggle: the real facts -see story page 6- • The following letter of protest was sent to President Nixon have been ordered to the coast of Lebanon, and that you on behalf of the 75 Socialist \Vorkers Party candidates for have placed on alert troops from the Eighth Infantry Division public office in 15 states. It was written by Paul Boutelle, in West Germany and the 82nd Airborne Division at Fort SWP vice-presidential candidate in 1968 and currently the Bragg, N. C. I remember the 82nd Airborne as the same SWP candidate for Congress from Harlem. Paul Boutelle division that President Johnson sent to Santo Domingo to has just returned from a fact-finding trip to the Middle East. crush the uprising there in 1965, and into Detroit in 1967 * * * to crush the revolt of the Black community. President Nixon: This is not a coincidence. The struggles of the Dominicans The Socialist Workers Party demands the immediate halt and Afro-Americans, like those of the Palestinians, are strug to all steps toward U.S. military intervention in the Jor gles of oppressed peoples to control their own affairs. danian civil war. The U.S. has no right whatsoever in The United States government's support for the reactionary, Jordan. Zionist regime in Israel and its support for King Hussein's People throughout the world are just beginning to learn slaughter of the Palestinian refugees is consistent with its the scope of the wholesale slaughter that is occurring in support to reactionary dictatorships throughout the world Jordan right now. We hold your administration and its from Cambodia and Vietnam to South Africa, Greece and imperialist policies responsible for the bloodbath being per Iran. -
Make We Merry More and Less
G MAKE WE MERRY MORE AND LESS RAY MAKE WE MERRY MORE AND LESS An Anthology of Medieval English Popular Literature An Anthology of Medieval English Popular Literature SELECTED AND INTRODUCED BY DOUGLAS GRAY EDITED BY JANE BLISS Conceived as a companion volume to the well-received Simple Forms: Essays on Medieval M English Popular Literature (2015), Make We Merry More and Less is a comprehensive anthology of popular medieval literature from the twel�h century onwards. Uniquely, the AKE book is divided by genre, allowing readers to make connec�ons between texts usually presented individually. W This anthology offers a frui�ul explora�on of the boundary between literary and popular culture, and showcases an impressive breadth of literature, including songs, drama, and E ballads. Familiar texts such as the visions of Margery Kempe and the Paston family le�ers M are featured alongside lesser-known works, o�en oral. This striking diversity extends to the language: the anthology includes Sco�sh literature and original transla�ons of La�n ERRY and French texts. The illumina�ng introduc�on offers essen�al informa�on that will enhance the reader’s enjoyment of the chosen texts. Each of the chapters is accompanied by a clear summary M explaining the par�cular delights of the literature selected and the ra�onale behind the choices made. An invaluable resource to gain an in-depth understanding of the culture ORE AND of the period, this is essen�al reading for any student or scholar of medieval English literature, and for anyone interested in folklore or popular material of the �me. -
Budget Impact in September, Spring Twp
2017 – 2018 COMMONWEALTH BUDGET These links may expire: January 19 Lawmakers hear state tax proposals HARRISBURG — Pennsylvania lawmakers should consider expanding the base of some state taxes and lowering tax rates in order to address long-standing fiscal issues, several economists told members of a House panel Thursday. That could include making more items subject to the state sales tax and... - Altoona Mirror January 17 All aboard plan to spruce up SEPTA's trolley lines SEPTA’s trolleys haven’t been replaced since the 1980s when Ronald Regan was president, yet they are wildly popular with their 100,000 riders who squeeze into them every day. Thankfully, the transit agency wants to replace them with bigger cars which can handle roughly twice as many... - Philadelphia Inquirer January 16 Legislators outline goals for new year Local legislators look forward to passing bills in the new year, and saying goodbye to the budget woes of 2017. Both Rep. Dan Moul (R-91) and Sen. Rich Alloway II (R-33) were unhappy with the decision to borrow money against future revenue in order to patch the... - Gettysburg Times January 14 Lowman Henry: Pa. budget follies set to resume The last time a Pennsylvania governor signed a full, complete state budget into law was July 10, 2014. Gov. Tom Corbett signed off on that state fiscal plan just days after it was approved by the Legislature, completing a four-year run of on-time state budgets.... - Pittsburgh Tribune-Review January 12 Lawmakers react to governor's opioid state of emergency Local lawmakers said Gov. -
Global Social Fascism: Violence, Law and Twenty-First Century Plunder
Global Social Fascism Violence, Law and Twenty-First Century Plunder Lara Montesinos Coleman Working Paper No. 15 May 2018 CENTRE FOR GLOBAL POLITICAL ECONOMY University of Sussex Brighton BN1 9SN United Kingdom Telephone: +44 (0) 1273 872735 Fax: +44 (0) 1273 723 673563 E-Mail: [email protected] Website: www.sussex.ac.uk/cgpe CGPE WORKING PAPER SERIES The Series aims to publish innovative research that attempts to shed light on and advance our understanding of the forces that influence the production, reproduction and change of our social universe, and thus our multiple ways of being and becoming in the international. To meet this aim the Series will try to foster the inter- and multidisciplinary study of International Political Economy by bringing together scholars, ideas, issues, methods, methodologies, problematiques from different social science disciplines. INFORMATION FOR SUBMISSION Papers should be submitted to the series editor Julian Germann <[email protected]>. All papers will be refereed by CGPE staff or external referees. Changes may be required before publication. The copyright remains with the author(s). Submission specifications: 1. Papers should not exceed 12,000 words. Shorter policy oriented papers of up to 5,000 are also welcomed. 2. A cover page should be included with the title, abstract and author name(s), as well as postal address, telephone and e-mail information. 3. A biographical note of the author(s) should be attached as a separate file. 4. Both the Chicago and Harvard referencing styles are acceptable. Global Social Fascism Violence, Law and Twenty-First Century Plunder Lara Montesinos Coleman is a Senior Lecturer in International Relations, University of Sussex and Co-Director of the Law, Ethics and Democracy Project. -
Dukinfield) OLD CHAPEL and the UN1 TA R I a N STORY
OLD CHAPEL AND THE UNITARIAN- - STORY (Dukinfield) OLD CHAPEL AND THE UN1 TA R I A N STORY DAVID C. DOEL UNITARIAN PUBLICATION Lindsey Press 1 Essex Street Strand London WC2R 3HY ISBN 0 853 19 049 6 Printed by Jervis Printers 78 Stockport Road Ashton-Under-Lyne Tameside CONTENTS PREFACE CHAPTER ONE: AN OLD CHAPEL HERITAGE TRAIL CHAPTER TWO: BIDDLE AND THE SOCINIANS CHAPTER THREE: THE CIVIL WAR CHAPTER FOUR: MILTON AND LOCKE CHAPTER FIVE: SAMUEL ANGIER AND HIS CONTEMPORARIES CHAPTER SIX: JOSEPH PRIESTLEY CHAPTER SEVEN: WILLIAM ELLERY CHANNING CHAPTER EIGHT: FIRST HALF OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY CHAPTER NINE: HOPPS, MARTINEAU AND WICKSTEED CHAPTER TEN: FIRST HALF OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY CHAPTER ELEVEN: SECOND HALF OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY APPENDIX Ai WHERE THE STORY BEGINS APPENDIX B: THE TRINITY APPENDIX C: THE ALLEGORICAL METHOD APPENDIX D: BIBLIOGRAPHY APPENDIX E: GLOSSARY SIX ILLUSTRATIONS: a) Old Chapel exterior b) Old Chapel interior c) The original Chapel d) The Old School e) The New School f) The Original Schoc! OLD CHAPEL, DUKlNFlELD PREFACE Old Testament prophets, or was he a unique expression, once and once only, of God on earth in human form? OLD CHAPEL AND THE UNITARIAN STORY is an account of the life and history of Old Chapel, Dukinfield, set within the As I point out in the Appendix on The Trinity, there emerged larger context of the story of the growth and devlopment of from all this conflict not one doctrine of the Trinity, but many. Unitarianism, which we, the present congregation, inherit from the trials and tribulations, the courage, vision and the joy The Trinity is a theological model for expressing the Nature of of our ancestors. -
Socialism: Utopian and Scientific by Friedrich Engels
Internationalist Group League for the Fourth International " Socialism: Utopian and Scientific By Friedrich Engels Friedrich Engels, 1877 Internationalist Group Class Readings May 2010 $1 .50 ® ~ ~ 11 62-M Friedrich Engels Socialism: Utopian and Scientific (January-March 1880) Source: Marx/Engels Selected Works, Volume 3 Publisher: Progress Publishers, 1970 First Published: March, April, and May issues of Revue Socialiste in 1880 Translated: from the French by Edward Aveling in 1892 (authorized by Engels) Introduction: General Introduction and the History of Materialism ............................................................. 3 History of the English middle-class ....................................................................................... 8 Contents: Part I: Utopian Socialism .......................................................................................................... 14 Part II: Dialectics ...................................................................................................................... 21 Part Ill: Historical Materialism ................................................................................................... 25 2 Friedrich Engels Socialism: Utopian and Scientific 1892 English Edition Introduction 1 The present little book is, originally, part of a larger whole. About 1875, Dr. E. Diihring , a Privatdozent [university lecturer who formerly received fees from his students rather than a wage] at Berlin University, suddenly and rather clamorously announced his conversion to Socialism, -
Karl Marx's Thoughts on Functional Income Distribution - a Critical Analysis
A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Herr, Hansjörg Working Paper Karl Marx's thoughts on functional income distribution - a critical analysis Working Paper, No. 101/2018 Provided in Cooperation with: Berlin Institute for International Political Economy (IPE) Suggested Citation: Herr, Hansjörg (2018) : Karl Marx's thoughts on functional income distribution - a critical analysis, Working Paper, No. 101/2018, Hochschule für Wirtschaft und Recht Berlin, Institute for International Political Economy (IPE), Berlin This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/175885 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. may exercise further usage rights as specified in the indicated licence. www.econstor.eu Institute for International Political Economy Berlin Karl Marx’s thoughts on functional income distribution – a critical analysis Author: Hansjörg Herr Working Paper, No. -
Meaningful Transitions: How Education Shapes Young Working Class Individuals’ Perceptions of Work in Austerity Scotland
Duffy, Seán (2019) Meaningful transitions: how education shapes young working class individuals’ perceptions of work in austerity Scotland. PhD thesis. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/81524/ Copyright and moral rights for this work are retained by the author A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge This work cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the author The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given Enlighten: Theses https://theses.gla.ac.uk/ [email protected] Meaningful Transitions: How education shapes young working class individuals’ perceptions of work in austerity Scotland a dissertation presented by Seán Duffy to the School of Education, College of Social Sciences, University of Glasgow in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the subject of Education January, 2019 Funded by the ESRC (Economic and Social Research Council) 1 “A crisis arises when capitalists face a fall in their realised profit which can arise for all manner of reasons, but the precipitating cause of any particular crisis is inconsequential. Although all three aspects of disproportionality, underconsumptionist and the tendency for the rate of profit to fall play a role in determining the vulnerability of capitalism to crisis, the underlying cause of all crises remains the fundamental contradiction on which the capitalist mode of production is based, the contradiction between the production of things and the production of value, and the subordination of the former to the latter.” Simon Clarke (1994), Marx’s Theory of Crisis “Who needs me?” is a question of character which suffers a radical challenge in modern capitalism.