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Redalyc.Aspects of the Biology and Morphology of Dirphia Dolosa Bouvier, 1929 (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae: Hemileucinae)

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Redalyc.Aspects of the Biology and Morphology of Dirphia Dolosa Bouvier, 1929 (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae: Hemileucinae) Biota Neotropica ISSN: 1676-0611 [email protected] Instituto Virtual da Biodiversidade Brasil Specht, Alexandre; Fronza, Edegar; Colombi, Evandro Emanoel; Carraro Formentini, Aline; Corseuil, Elio Aspects of the biology and morphology of Dirphia dolosa Bouvier, 1929 (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae: Hemileucinae) Biota Neotropica, vol. 12, núm. 4, 2012, pp. 1-8 Instituto Virtual da Biodiversidade Campinas, Brasil Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=199125295002 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Aspects of the biology and morphology of Dirphia dolosa Bouvier, 1929 (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae: Hemileucinae) Specht, A. et al. Biota Neotrop. 2012, 12(4): 000-000. On line version of this paper is available from: http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br/v12n4/en/abstract?article+bn00212042012 A versão on-line completa deste artigo está disponível em: http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br/v12n4/pt/abstract?article+bn00212042012 Received/ Recebido em 13/12/11 - Revised/ Versão reformulada recebida em 25/09/12 - Accepted/ Publicado em 01/10/12 ISSN 1676-0603 (on-line) Biota Neotropica is an electronic, peer-reviewed journal edited by the Program BIOTA/FAPESP: The Virtual Institute of Biodiversity. This journal’s aim is to disseminate the results of original research work, associated or not to the program, concerned with characterization, conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity within the Neotropical region. Biota Neotropica é uma revista do Programa BIOTA/FAPESP - O Instituto Virtual da Biodiversidade, que publica resultados de pesquisa original, vinculada ou não ao programa, que abordem a temática caracterização, conservação e uso sustentável da biodiversidade na região Neotropical. Biota Neotropica is an eletronic journal which is available free at the following site http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br A Biota Neotropica é uma revista eletrônica e está integral e gratuitamente disponível no endereço http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br Biota Neotrop., vol. 12, no. 4 e-mail: [email protected] Aspects of the biology and morphology of Dirphia dolosa Bouvier, 1929 (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae: Hemileucinae) Alexandre Specht1,4, Edegar Fronza2, Evandro Emanoel Colombi2, Aline Carraro Formentini2 & Elio Corseuil3 1Laboratório de Entomologia, Embrapa Cerrados, Rod. BR 020, Km 18, CP 08223, CEP 73310-970, Planaltina, DF, Brasil. www.cpac.embrapa.br 2Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul – UCS, Rua Francisco Getúlio Vargas, 1130, CEP 95070-560, Caxias do Sul, RS, Brasil. www.ucs.br 3Laboratório de Entomologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul – PUCRS, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, CEP 90619-900, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil 4Corresponding author: Alexandre Specht, e-mail: [email protected] SPECHT, A., FRONZA, E., COLOMBI, E. E., FORMENTINI, A. C. & CORSEUIL, E. Aspects of the biology and morphology of Dirphia dolosa Bouvier, 1929 (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae: Hemileucinae). Biota Neotrop. 12(4): http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br/v12n4/en/abstract?article+bn00212042012 Abstract: Dirphia dolosa Bouvier, 1929 is an endemic moth from southern Brazil, with available information restricted to occurrence data, natural host plant and adult morphology. This study describes bionomic peculiarities of this species, obtained from observations of larval aggregations in the field and in the laboratory. Data on all developmental stages are presented and compared with those of other Hemileucinae. D. dolosa present a facultative pupal diapause and may have two generations per year under the climatic conditions of the Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Keywords: Atlantic Forest, biodiversity conservation, development, Myrsinaceae. SPECHT, A., FRONZA, E., COLOMBI, E. E., FORMENTINI, A. C. & CORSEUIL, E. Aspectos da biologia e morfologia de Dirphia dolosa Bouvier, 1929 (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae: Hemileucinae). Biota Neotrop. 12(4): http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br/v12n4/pt/abstract?article+bn00212042012 Resumo: Dirphia dolosa Bouvier, 1929 é uma mariposa endêmica do Sul do Brasil, cujas informações restringem-se a dados de ocorrência, planta hospedeira natural e aspectos morfológicos dos adultos. Este estudo descreve particularidades bionômicas desta espécie, obtidas em observações de agregações de larvas no campo e em laboratório. Dados sobre todos os estágios de desenvolvimento são apresentados e comparados com os de outros hemileucíneos. D. dolosa apresenta diapausa pupal facultativa e pode apresentar duas gerações anuais nas condições climáticas do Rio Grande do Sul. Palavras-chave: Floresta Atlântica, conservação da biodiversidade, desenvolvimento, Myrsinaceae. http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br/v12n4/en/abstract?article+bn00212042012 http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br 2 Biota Neotrop., vol. 12, no. 4 Specht, A. et al. Introduction respective standard deviations. The means were compared using a “t” test, assuming unequal variances, to the significance level of 95%. The Hemileucinae, the most abundant and diverse subfamily of Monthly collections were made within the CARVI from January Saturniidae, includes 670 taxa belonging to 49 genera. Among these, to December 2006, four nights during each new moon, using light the genus Dirphia Hübner, [1819] stands out, with its medium to traps as described in Specht et al. (2005a), in order to obtain data on large sized moths, whose larvae of most species preferentially feed the period of adult occurrence. on woody plants, and are urticating like the other Hemileucinae. Its species are distributed throughout most of the Neotropics, from Results Nicaragua to Argentina. This genus includes 40 species, of which 21 occur in Brazil, with seven endemic species (Lemaire 2002, Mielke 1. Egg phase & Moser 2007). For most species there are still no information on the biology and morphology of immature stages (Lemaire 2002). Eggs (Figure 1a,b) relatively large, mean diameter Dirphia dolosa Bouvier, 1929 is endemic to southern Brazil, 1.573 ± 0.034 mm, height 1.634 ± 0.089 mm (n = 20). Color white, with records in Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul. This shape oval with a flattened micropylar area. Soon after oviposition, the species was confused with Dirphia ursina Walker, 1855, which occurs micropyle has a light green transparent color, becoming progressively in the central region of Colombia and northwestern Argentina, due darker until larval eclosion. In both the oviposition collected in the to the great similarity of the structure and coloration of the wings field, as those obtained in the laboratory, the eggs were arranged in (Oiticica Filho & Pearson 1960, Lemaire 2002). irregular masses. The information available on D. dolosa refers to the morphology 2. Larval phase of adults (Lemaire 2002), its geographic distribution (Biezanko 1986, Lemaire 2002), host plant and periods of occurrence (Specht et al. The larvae of D. dolosa are urticating and developed through 2005b, 2008). This study complements the previous ones by six larval instars. describing peculiarities of its biology, including the morphology of First instar (Figure 1c). Head capsule rounded and black. the immature stages. It also will contribute to a major research project Integument grayish black with perpendicular red and white striations. on the several aspects of Hemileucinae (e.g. Specht et al. 2006, 2007, Spiracles white ellipsoid, surrounded by a characteristic peritreme, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011). which consists of a projection of the integument itself; reddish colored scoli, becoming proportionately shorter and clearer as they develop. Material and Methods Thoracic legs and prolegs reddish. Second instar (Figure 1d). Head capsule black with reddish The insects were obtained from an oviposition collected on a mandibular region. Integument variable in color, with black plantain leaf [Platanus acerifolia (Ailton) Willd. - Platanaceae] and background, filled with orange spots throughout the entire body. from two aggregations collected on capororoca (Myrsine umbellata Base of the scoli always surrounded by orange color. Thoracic legs Mart. - Myrsinaceae). Behavioral aspects of another last instar and prolegs red. aggregation were observed in the field. All specimens came from Third instar (Figure 1e). Head capsule as in the previous instar. the Campus Universitário da Região dos Vinhedos (CARVI) of the Integument: blackened background more widespread throughout Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), in Bento Gonçalves, Rio the body, mixed with orange, except on ventral region. In most Grande do Sul, Brazil. specimens, orange coverage of second instar fainter, with yellowish Specimens were reared in an acclimatized room (25 ± 1 °C, tone, scoli and appendages have the same color. Black striations 70 ± 10% RH and a 14 hours photo phase). The ecloding larvae become increasingly more evident, yellow becomes dark brown and were fed with plantain, but survived only until the third instar, scoli light brown. indicating that it is not a viable host plant. The remaining larvae, Fourth instar (Figure 1f). Shape and coloration very similar from aggregations collected on capororoca, were kept in screened to previous instar, but black striations occupy virtually the entire cages and fed with leaves from the plant itself. The first aggregation integument and scoli are
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