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Butterflies of Ontario & Summaries of Lepidoptera

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ISBN #: 0-921631-12-X BUTTERFLIES OF ONTARIO & SUMMARIES OF LEPIDOPTERA ENCOUNTERED IN ONTARIO IN 1991 BY A.J. HANKS &Q.F. HESS PRODUCTION BY ALAN J. HANKS APRIL 1992 CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION PAGE 1 2. WEATHER DURING THE 1991 SEASON 6 3. CORRECTIONS TO PREVIOUS T.E.A. SUMMARIES 7 4. SPECIAL NOTES ON ONTARIO LEPIDOPTERA 8 4.1 The Inornate Ringlet in Middlesex & Lambton Cos. 8 4.2 The Monarch in Ontario 8 4.3 The Status of the Karner Blue & Frosted Elfin in Ontario in 1991 11 4.4 The West Virginia White in Ontario in 1991 11 4.5 Butterfly & Moth Records for Kettle Point 11 4.6 Butterflies in the Hamilton Study Area 12 4.7 Notes & Observations on the Early Hairstreak 15 4.8 A Big Day for Migrants 16 4.9 The Ocola Skipper - New to Ontario & Canada .17 4.10 The Brazilian Skipper - New to Ontario & Canada 19 4.11 Further Notes on the Zarucco Dusky Wing in Ontario 21 4.12 A Range Extension for the Large Marblewing 22 4.13 The Grayling North of Lake Superior 22 4.14 Description of an Aberrant Crescent 23 4.15 A New Foodplant for the Old World Swallowtail 24 4.16 An Owl Moth at Point Pelee 25 4.17 Butterfly Sampling in Algoma District 26 4.18 Record Early Butterfly Dates in 1991 26 4.19 Rearing Notes from Northumberland County 28 5. GENERAL SUMMARY 29 6. 1990 SUMMARY OF ONTARIO BUTTERFLIES, SKIPPERS & MOTHS 32 Hesperiidae 32 Papilionidae 42 Pieridae 44 Lycaenidae 48 Libytheidae 56 Nymphalidae 56 Apaturidae 66 Satyr1dae 66 Danaidae 70 MOTHS 72 CONTINUOUS MOTH CYCLICAL SUMMARY 85 7. PREVIOUS PUBLICATIONS 94 1. INTRODUCTION This is Occasional Publication # 24-92 of the Toronto Entomologists' Associa­ tion. It is based on data selected from reports for 1991 (or as otherwise indica­ ted) for the Province of Ontario (Canada) as contributed by members and non members of the Association as listed below: R. L. Bowles (RLB) Ori11ia Mark S. Brunton (MSB) Toronto George Bryant (GB) Toronto Robert Curry (RC) Ancaster Greg Daniels (GO) North York Sidney Daniels (SO) North York Marilyn Daniels (MD) North York Hal Don1y (HD) Unionville G.J. van Dorsser (GJD) Peterborough Dr. W.J.D. Eber1ie (WJDE) Cobourg Wm.M.M. Edmonds (WE) Toronto James H. Fullard (JHF) Erinda1e (U of T) Peter Hall (PH) Ottawa Barry Harrison (BH) Scarborough Ann Harrison (AH) Scarborough Lorie Ann Harrison (LAH) Scarborough Linda Harrison (LH) Scarborough Quimby F. Hess (QFH) North York Anthony M. Holmes (AMH) Toronto Margo Holt (MH) Orillia Dr. Nancy Ironside (NI) Ori 11 ia Joseph Jones (JJ) Scarborough J. Donald Lafontaine (JDL) Ottawa (Agriculture Canada) Bill Lamond (WL) Hamilton Jeff Larson (JL) or (JLL) Windsor Ross A. Layberry (RAL) Ottawa Paul McGaw (PM) Scarborough Kevin McLaughlin (KM) Hamilton Scott B. Morrill (SBM) Boston University Peter Noy1e (PN) Hi llsburgh John Olmstead (JO) Hamilton Allan L. Patterson (ALP) Forest Steven T. Pike (STP) Windsor John Prideaux (JPX) Toronto Duncan Robertson (DR) Kingston Tim Sabo (IS) Weston Ken Stead (KS) Brantford George Sutton (GS) Goderich Paul D. Syme (PDS) Sault Ste. Marie (reporting for the Forest Insect & Disease Survey) Dr. R.R. Tasker (RRT) Toronto Lloyd Taman (LT) Matachewan Don Tyreman (DT) Pinery Provo Park John P. Walas (JPW) Thunder Bay Garret Walsh (GW) Toronto William G. Wilson (WGW) Cambridge Alan Wormington (AW) Leamington Kirk Zufelt (KZ) Hamilton -1- Additional Observers (via Alan Wormington) Jon L. Dunn (JLD) Dayton, Ohio Robert G. Finlayson (RGF) Hami 1ton James N. Flynn (JLF) Wheatley Lorraine H. Foott (LHF) Kingsville June M. Gordon (JMG) Wheatley G. Tom Hince (GTH) Point Pe1ee Bennett Hennessey (BHE) Toronto Alvaro Jaramillo (AJ) Toronto Michael K. Matheson (MKM) Wheatley Brian McHattie (BM) Dundas Laurel McIvor (LM) Point Pelee Sue Utterback (SU) Dayton, Ohio The basis for selection of the data included in this publication was as follows: a) New information on range and new occurrence localities. b) Valuable data on flight period, broods and population monitoring. c) Life history data including foodplants, nectar sources, larval description and habits, ovipositing data and behaviour, pupal description and siting, adult habits, predation, etc. Occasional Publication I's 10 through 24 are designed to complement each other in such a way as to present in a common format all the information (as selected) known to the compiler with respect to Ontario Lepidoptera to the end of 1991. Please note that Section 3 in each of these publications addresses the corrections required to previous T.E.A. Occasional Publications. Section 6 of this publication is organized in accordance with "A Catalogue/Check­ list of the Butterflies of North America North of Mexico" by Lee D. Miller and F.M. Brown (Lepidopterists' Society Memoir No.2 - 1981) as corrected by "Supplement to A Catalogue/Checklist of the Butterflies of North America North of Mexico" by Clifford D. Ferris, Editor (Lepidopterists' Society Memoir No.3 - 1989). The compiler has also noted, where of interest, the usage of James A. Scott in his "The Butterflies of North America" (1986). The common names are as per Alexander B. Klots - "A Field Guide to the Butterflies of North America, East of the Great Plains", except in a few cases not included in Klots. For the Moths, "A Field Guide to the Moths of Eastern North America" by Charles V. Covell Jr. (a Peterson Field Guide) is used except in a few instances not included in his Field Guide. ~: Some records refer to RBG ... and this denotes the Royal Botanical Gardens in Hamilton, where observations were made in various individual gardens. Longridge Point is on the western shore of James Bay, about 55 km north of Moosonee The contents of this publication have been checked for errors and accuracy as much as possible. Any errors and omissions will be corrected in future publications. Each locality listed herein is followed by a number in brackets. This number is the County, District or Regional Municipality designation as shown in Figures 1 & 2, e.g. Hearst (53) means Hearst (Cochrane District). Where the date given is followed by a number in brackets, this represents the number of specimens encoun­ tered. Also note that M= male, F = female, C = collected, R = released and S = sighting. -2- If there are any errors and/or omissions or suggestions please advise: Alan J. Hanks, 34 Seaton Drive, Aurora, Ontario L4G 2K1 - (416) 121-6993 Back issues of some T.E.A. publications and memberships are available from the Treasurer of the T.E.A., Alan J. Hanks (address above). ******************* Vanessa cardu1 pupa on Bull Thi atle near Webworlll Moth (AU.va punct.77a) at Kingston, OCtober Centreton, July 6, 1991 (W.J.D. Eberlie). 26, 1991 (D. Robertson). -3- FIGURE 1- Counties and Districts of southern Ontario. The dotted line indicates the approx. Southern and eastern limits of the Canadian Shield in Ontario. ALGOMA 48 HURON 13 PARRY SOUND 46 BRANT 10 KENT 2 PEEL 18 BRUCE 32 LAMBTON 7 PERTH 14 CARLETON 42 LANARK 41 PETERBOROUGH 37 DUFFERIN 34 LEEDS 27 PRESCOTT 44 DUNDAS 29 LENNOX PRINCE EDWARD 23 DURHAM 21 & ADDINGTON 25 RENFREW 40 ELGIN 3 LINCOLN 12 RUSSELL 43 ESSEX 1 MANITOULIN 45 SIMCOE 35 FRONTENAC 26 MIDDLESEX 8 STORMONT 30 GLENGARRY 31 MUSKOKA 38 SUDBURY 49 GRENVILLE 28 NIPISSING 47 VICTORIA 36 GREY 33 NORFOLK 4 WATERLOO 15 HALDIMAND 5 NORTHUMBERLAND 22 WELLAND 6 HALIBURTON 39 ONTARIO 20 WELLINGTON 16 HALTON 17 OXFORD 9 WENTWORTH 11 HASTINGS 24 YORK 19 Note: Lincoln and We11and Counties are now combined into the Regional Munici- pality of Niagara. Also, Muskoka is now a District Municipality. -4- :"0 ~,..' \>" • iO' ~/J .. 'If.! 1 ... l 51 . MOL" .... :..- ~ -. FIGURE 2. Districts of northern Ontario. The line A-B represents the approximate northern limits of the Carolinian Zone in Ontario (see Soper 1954, 1962). Line C-D approximates the 40 degree. F mean daily temperature for the year isotherm, and has been adopted here as the northern limit of southern Ontario. ALGOMA 48 SUDBURY 49 COCHRANE 53 THUNDER BAY 52 KENORA 54 TIMISKAMING 50 RAINY RIVER 51 ******** * ** * * ******* -5- 2. 1991 Weather (from Climatic Perspectives by Environment Canada). Febryary - Mild and generally dry weather conditions across Ontario. MAr&b - This was a wet, warm and windy month in Ontario. In the early part of the month (3rd and 4th) and on the 27th and 28th, there were extensive ice storms and high winds. Otherwise the weather was pleasantly mild. It was also very wet in comparison to January and February. Agrjl - This was a mild month and featured heavy rainfalls in the south, but rela­ tively dry conditions prevailed across parts of the north. The highest maximum readings occurred on the 7th. Snowfall in the north was very light and at Thunder Bay was the lightest in 50 years. ~ - Summer arrived at least one month early! In southern Ontario, most locations from Kingston to Windsor and as far north as Wiarton broke records for the warmest May ever. At Toronto, it was the warmest May in 151 years. In the north and north­ west it was the warmest since 1986. Along with the heat, thunder showers kept most of Ontario moist, however, in northeastern Ontario rainfall was below normal. ~ -A hot and dry June capped the warmest spring ever recorded in southern Ontario. Monthly mean temperatures were almost 4 degrees warmer than normal, with the highest daily maximum recorded at Ottawa. All regions were extremely dry except for the northeast. ~ - This was warmer than normal with a mid-month heat wave which pushed monthly mean temperatures above normal for the ninth consecutive month (November 1990 to July 1991).
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  • Phylogeny and Evolution of Lepidoptera

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    EN62CH15-Mitter ARI 5 November 2016 12:1 I Review in Advance first posted online V E W E on November 16, 2016. (Changes may R S still occur before final publication online and in print.) I E N C N A D V A Phylogeny and Evolution of Lepidoptera Charles Mitter,1,∗ Donald R. Davis,2 and Michael P. Cummings3 1Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742; email: [email protected] 2Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560 3Laboratory of Molecular Evolution, Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742 Annu. Rev. Entomol. 2017. 62:265–83 Keywords Annu. Rev. Entomol. 2017.62. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org The Annual Review of Entomology is online at Hexapoda, insect, systematics, classification, butterfly, moth, molecular ento.annualreviews.org systematics This article’s doi: Access provided by University of Maryland - College Park on 11/20/16. For personal use only. 10.1146/annurev-ento-031616-035125 Abstract Copyright c 2017 by Annual Reviews. Until recently, deep-level phylogeny in Lepidoptera, the largest single ra- All rights reserved diation of plant-feeding insects, was very poorly understood. Over the past ∗ Corresponding author two decades, building on a preceding era of morphological cladistic stud- ies, molecular data have yielded robust initial estimates of relationships both within and among the ∼43 superfamilies, with unsolved problems now yield- ing to much larger data sets from high-throughput sequencing. Here we summarize progress on lepidopteran phylogeny since 1975, emphasizing the superfamily level, and discuss some resulting advances in our understanding of lepidopteran evolution.
  • Green Fruitworms

    Green Fruitworms

    NEW YORK'S FOOD AND LIFE SCIENCES BULLETIN NO. 50, OCTOBER 1974 NEW YORK STATE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION, GENEVA, A DIVISION OF THE NEW YORK STATE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND LIFE SCIENCES, A STATUTORY COLLEGE OF THE STATE UNIVERSITY, CORNELL UNIVERSITY, ITHACA Green Fruitworms P. J. Chapman and S. E. Lienk INTRODUCTION Young apple and pear fruits may be fed upon by several species of relatively large, stout-bodied green caterpillars (Fig. 1). Their dominant green color is relieved by dots, dashes, lines, and stripes of white, cream, or yellow. For more than a century now, these native insects have been known to commercial and amateur fruit growers as "green fruitworms" (6, 10, 17, 21, 22). Ten species of green fruitworms occur in New York. Tax- onomically, these constitute an artificial assemblage for while all are members of the same family (Noctuidae), four genera are represented in the group. However, six are members of the genus Lithophane. J ustif ication for treating these species as a unit rests on the fact that they form a quite distinctive pest complex. Thus, in the larval or cater- pillar stage, they are of very similar appearance and habits, feed at the same season, cause the same kind of feeding injury, and produce single generations annually. So, while the primary reason for treating these insects collectively has an economic basis, we expect the informa- tion given here will prove useful both to those having a Figure 2. —Young apple fruits showing green fruitworm technical interest in these species as well as to those hav- feeding injury.