ISBN #: 0-921631-12-X

BUTTERFLIES OF ONTARIO & SUMMARIES OF LEPIDOPTERA ENCOUNTERED IN ONTARIO IN 1991

BY A.J. HANKS &Q.F. HESS

PRODUCTION BY ALAN J. HANKS APRIL 1992 CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION PAGE 1

2. WEATHER DURING THE 1991 SEASON 6

3. CORRECTIONS TO PREVIOUS T.E.A. SUMMARIES 7

4. SPECIAL NOTES ON ONTARIO LEPIDOPTERA 8

4.1 The Inornate Ringlet in Middlesex & Lambton Cos. 8 4.2 The Monarch in Ontario 8 4.3 The Status of the Karner Blue & Frosted Elfin in Ontario in 1991 11 4.4 The West Virginia White in Ontario in 1991 11 4.5 Butterfly & Moth Records for Kettle Point 11 4.6 Butterflies in the Hamilton Study Area 12 4.7 Notes & Observations on the Early Hairstreak 15 4.8 A Big Day for Migrants 16 4.9 The Ocola Skipper - New to Ontario & Canada .17 4.10 The Brazilian Skipper - New to Ontario & Canada 19 4.11 Further Notes on the Zarucco Dusky Wing in Ontario 21 4.12 A Range Extension for the Large Marblewing 22 4.13 The Grayling North of Lake Superior 22 4.14 Description of an Aberrant Crescent 23 4.15 A New Foodplant for the Old World Swallowtail 24 4.16 An Owl Moth at Point Pelee 25 4.17 Butterfly Sampling in Algoma District 26 4.18 Record Early Butterfly Dates in 1991 26 4.19 Rearing Notes from Northumberland County 28

5. GENERAL SUMMARY 29 6. 1990 SUMMARY OF ONTARIO BUTTERFLIES, SKIPPERS & MOTHS 32

Hesperiidae 32 Papilionidae 42 Pieridae 44 Lycaenidae 48 Libytheidae 56 Nymphalidae 56 Apaturidae 66 Satyr1dae 66 Danaidae 70 MOTHS 72

CONTINUOUS MOTH CYCLICAL SUMMARY 85

7. PREVIOUS PUBLICATIONS 94 1. INTRODUCTION

This is Occasional Publication # 24-92 of the Toronto Entomologists' Associa­ tion. It is based on data selected from reports for 1991 (or as otherwise indica­ ted) for the Province of Ontario (Canada) as contributed by members and non members of the Association as listed below:

R. L. Bowles (RLB) Ori11ia Mark S. Brunton (MSB) Toronto George Bryant (GB) Toronto Robert Curry (RC) Ancaster Greg Daniels (GO) North York Sidney Daniels (SO) North York Marilyn Daniels (MD) North York Hal Don1y (HD) Unionville G.J. van Dorsser (GJD) Peterborough Dr. W.J.D. Eber1ie (WJDE) Cobourg Wm.M.M. Edmonds (WE) Toronto James H. Fullard (JHF) Erinda1e (U of T) Peter Hall (PH) Ottawa Barry Harrison (BH) Scarborough Ann Harrison (AH) Scarborough Lorie Ann Harrison (LAH) Scarborough Linda Harrison (LH) Scarborough Quimby F. Hess (QFH) North York Anthony M. Holmes (AMH) Toronto Margo Holt (MH) Orillia Dr. Nancy Ironside (NI) Ori 11 ia Joseph Jones (JJ) Scarborough J. Donald Lafontaine (JDL) Ottawa (Agriculture Canada) Bill Lamond (WL) Hamilton Jeff Larson (JL) or (JLL) Windsor Ross A. Layberry (RAL) Ottawa Paul McGaw (PM) Scarborough Kevin McLaughlin (KM) Hamilton Scott B. Morrill (SBM) Boston University Peter Noy1e (PN) Hi llsburgh John Olmstead (JO) Hamilton Allan L. Patterson (ALP) Forest Steven T. Pike (STP) Windsor John Prideaux (JPX) Toronto Duncan Robertson (DR) Kingston Tim Sabo (IS) Weston Ken Stead (KS) Brantford George Sutton (GS) Goderich Paul D. Syme (PDS) Sault Ste. Marie (reporting for the Forest Insect & Disease Survey) Dr. R.R. Tasker (RRT) Toronto Lloyd Taman (LT) Matachewan Don Tyreman (DT) Pinery Provo Park John P. Walas (JPW) Thunder Bay Garret Walsh (GW) Toronto William G. Wilson (WGW) Cambridge Alan Wormington (AW) Leamington Kirk Zufelt (KZ) Hamilton

-1- Additional Observers (via Alan Wormington) Jon L. Dunn (JLD) Dayton, Ohio Robert G. Finlayson (RGF) Hami 1ton James N. Flynn (JLF) Wheatley Lorraine H. Foott (LHF) Kingsville June M. Gordon (JMG) Wheatley G. Tom Hince (GTH) Point Pe1ee Bennett Hennessey (BHE) Toronto Alvaro Jaramillo (AJ) Toronto Michael K. Matheson (MKM) Wheatley Brian McHattie (BM) Dundas Laurel McIvor (LM) Point Pelee Sue Utterback (SU) Dayton, Ohio The basis for selection of the data included in this publication was as follows: a) New information on range and new occurrence localities. b) Valuable data on flight period, broods and population monitoring. c) Life history data including foodplants, nectar sources, larval description and habits, ovipositing data and behaviour, pupal description and siting, adult habits, predation, etc. Occasional Publication I's 10 through 24 are designed to complement each other in such a way as to present in a common format all the information (as selected) known to the compiler with respect to Ontario Lepidoptera to the end of 1991. Please note that Section 3 in each of these publications addresses the corrections required to previous T.E.A. Occasional Publications. Section 6 of this publication is organized in accordance with "A Catalogue/Check­ list of the Butterflies of North America North of Mexico" by Lee D. Miller and F.M. Brown (Lepidopterists' Society Memoir No.2 - 1981) as corrected by "Supplement to A Catalogue/Checklist of the Butterflies of North America North of Mexico" by Clifford D. Ferris, Editor (Lepidopterists' Society Memoir No.3 - 1989). The compiler has also noted, where of interest, the usage of James A. Scott in his "The Butterflies of North America" (1986). The common names are as per Alexander B. Klots - "A Field Guide to the Butterflies of North America, East of the Great Plains", except in a few cases not included in Klots. For the Moths, "A Field Guide to the Moths of Eastern North America" by Charles V. Covell Jr. (a Peterson Field Guide) is used except in a few instances not included in his Field Guide.

~: Some records refer to RBG ... and this denotes the Royal Botanical Gardens in Hamilton, where observations were made in various individual gardens. Longridge Point is on the western shore of James Bay, about 55 km north of Moosonee The contents of this publication have been checked for errors and accuracy as much as possible. Any errors and omissions will be corrected in future publications. Each locality listed herein is followed by a number in brackets. This number is the County, District or Regional Municipality designation as shown in Figures 1 & 2, e.g. Hearst (53) means Hearst (Cochrane District). Where the date given is followed by a number in brackets, this represents the number of specimens encoun­ tered. Also note that M= male, F = female, C = collected, R = released and S = sighting.

-2- If there are any errors and/or omissions or suggestions please advise: Alan J. Hanks, 34 Seaton Drive, Aurora, Ontario L4G 2K1 - (416) 121-6993 Back issues of some T.E.A. publications and memberships are available from the Treasurer of the T.E.A., Alan J. Hanks (address above). *******************

Vanessa cardu1 pupa on Bull Thi atle near Webworlll Moth (AU.va punct.77a) at Kingston, OCtober Centreton, July 6, 1991 (W.J.D. Eberlie). 26, 1991 (D. Robertson).

-3- FIGURE 1- Counties and Districts of southern Ontario. The dotted line indicates the approx. Southern and eastern limits of the Canadian Shield in Ontario.

ALGOMA 48 HURON 13 PARRY SOUND 46 BRANT 10 KENT 2 PEEL 18 BRUCE 32 LAMBTON 7 PERTH 14 CARLETON 42 LANARK 41 PETERBOROUGH 37 DUFFERIN 34 LEEDS 27 PRESCOTT 44 DUNDAS 29 LENNOX PRINCE EDWARD 23 DURHAM 21 & ADDINGTON 25 RENFREW 40 ELGIN 3 LINCOLN 12 RUSSELL 43 ESSEX 1 MANITOULIN 45 SIMCOE 35 FRONTENAC 26 MIDDLESEX 8 STORMONT 30 GLENGARRY 31 MUSKOKA 38 SUDBURY 49 GRENVILLE 28 NIPISSING 47 VICTORIA 36 GREY 33 NORFOLK 4 WATERLOO 15 HALDIMAND 5 NORTHUMBERLAND 22 WELLAND 6 HALIBURTON 39 ONTARIO 20 WELLINGTON 16 HALTON 17 OXFORD 9 WENTWORTH 11 HASTINGS 24 YORK 19 Note: Lincoln and We11and Counties are now combined into the Regional Munici- pality of Niagara. Also, Muskoka is now a District Municipality.

-4- :"0 ~,..' \>" • iO' ~/J .. 'If.! 1 ... l 51

. MOL" .... :..- ~ -.

FIGURE 2. Districts of northern Ontario. The line A-B represents the approximate northern limits of the Carolinian Zone in Ontario (see Soper 1954, 1962). Line C-D approximates the 40 degree. F mean daily temperature for the year isotherm, and has been adopted here as the northern limit of southern Ontario.

ALGOMA 48 SUDBURY 49 COCHRANE 53 THUNDER BAY 52 KENORA 54 TIMISKAMING 50 RAINY RIVER 51 ******** * ** * * *******

-5- 2. 1991 Weather (from Climatic Perspectives by Environment Canada). Febryary - Mild and generally dry weather conditions across Ontario. MAr&b - This was a wet, warm and windy month in Ontario. In the early part of the month (3rd and 4th) and on the 27th and 28th, there were extensive ice storms and high winds. Otherwise the weather was pleasantly mild. It was also very wet in comparison to January and February.

Agrjl - This was a mild month and featured heavy rainfalls in the south, but rela­ tively dry conditions prevailed across parts of the north. The highest maximum readings occurred on the 7th. Snowfall in the north was very light and at Thunder Bay was the lightest in 50 years.

~ - Summer arrived at least one month early! In southern Ontario, most locations from Kingston to Windsor and as far north as Wiarton broke records for the warmest May ever. At Toronto, it was the warmest May in 151 years. In the north and north­ west it was the warmest since 1986. Along with the heat, thunder showers kept most of Ontario moist, however, in northeastern Ontario rainfall was below normal.

~ -A hot and dry June capped the warmest spring ever recorded in southern Ontario. Monthly mean temperatures were almost 4 degrees warmer than normal, with the highest daily maximum recorded at Ottawa. All regions were extremely dry except for the northeast.

~ - This was warmer than normal with a mid-month heat wave which pushed monthly mean temperatures above normal for the ninth consecutive month (November 1990 to July 1991). The total rainfall revealed huge variations as thunderstorms left torrents in some areas and bare traces in others. For example, Sioux Lookout had the wettest July in 53 years! Aygyst - This was another month with warmer than normal temperatures. Rainfall featured huge variations. A mid-month heat wave, the most intense since 1988, was mainly responsible for pushing up monthly mean temperatures - the tenth successive month. Sunshine was generally abundant and in Toronto, records show that this was the fourth warmest summer in 152 years of record keeping. September - This month had average temperatures below normal for the first time this year and it was the coolest September since 1984. However, most localities endured another hot spell during the middle of the month. A record breaking cold spell at month's end brought the first Ontario wide frost to all locales except the extreme south. It was wet across most of Ontario, the northwest being wettest with Sioux Lookout recording 223 mm (three times normal). Moosonee was also very wet, and received their greatest precipitation total since 1941. However, the broad corridor from Windsor to Toronto as well as the st. Lawrence and Ottawa Valleys were dry. Sarnia had the least moisture in September since 1969 (26~ of normal). Snow flurries were recorded as far south as Orangeville on the 28th. In the north, they had the most snow for the month since 1984. This cool September ended a string of ten consecutive abnormally mild/warm months. In addition, the heavy rainfalls in central and northern Ontario created problems, whereas in southern Ontario the dry conditions were favourable to agriculture.

********************

-6- 3. CORRECTIONS TO PREVIOUS T.E.A. PUBLICATIONS (all applicable to • 23-91). 3.1 page 3 line 12 - should be 1n his.•• 3.2 page 16 line 2 - for Matachewan are, read Matachewan areA•.• line 15 - should be Hudson Bay Lowlands .•• 3.3 page 17 - on the map, the mouth of the Little Shagamu River should be about 5 mm to the south west of the location given. 2nd para. line 2 - for Gue1pg, read Guelph .•. line 7 - should be Frosted, not Frodted... 3.4 page 27 - the report for Poanes zabu70n states that this is the first Ontario record. It has since come to light that a specimen was photographed on June 7, 1987 by Allan L. Patterson in a meadow at Kettle Point (7) on the 14th Conca of Bosanquet Twp. The slide has been examined and appears authentic. 3.5 page 43/44 - Speyeria cybe7e - Toronto (19)(marshes) etc. should be Toronto (19) July 23, 24 (1 nectaring at Bergamot, Purple Coneflower, Swamp & Butterfly Milkweed in back garden - some on both dates)(WE). 3.6 page 52 - Vanessa virginiensis - Toronto (19)(Eco10gy Park) etc.. should be Toronto(19)(Eco10gy Park, Madison Ave.) July 24 (1 at Ironweed)(WE). 3.7 page 53 - Vanessa ata7anta - Toronto (19) July 21 (1 at Ironweed)(WE) should be Toronto (19)(Eco10gy Park, Madison Ave.) July 24 (1 at Ironweed)(WE). 3.8 page 60 - Danaus p7exippus - (line 18), Toronto (19) June 3 (1st seen) should be Toronto (19) June 30 (1st seen)(WE). 3.9 Corrections and addition of authors to species in Section 6 (Moths): page 65 - Grammia quense7i (Payku11) - (DQt ~uense7i) page 67 - Panthea virginaria (Grote) ••..• - Euxoa churchi77ensis (McDunnough) - Xestia speciosa mixta - this should be Xestia mixta (Walker). page 68 - Po7ia richardsoni (Curtis) - Lasionycta 7eucocyc7a a7bertensi~ (McDunnough). - Anarta me1anopa (Thunberg) - Sympistris zetterstedti 7abradoris (Staudinger) page 69 - Syngrapha pari7is (HUbner) - P7usia venus should be P. venusta - Isogona tenuis (Grote) page 70 - the second species should be C. antinympha, not anjinympha. page 71 - Furcu7a sco7opendrina (Boisduva1) page 73 - Entephria po7ata (Duponche1) ** ***** * * *** *** ** ***

-7- 4. SPECIAL NOTES 4.1 The Inornate Ringlet is in Middlesex & Lambton Counties by Q.F. Hess. The first known occurrences of the Inornate Ringlet, (Coenonympha 1nornata W.H. Edwards) in Middlesex and Lambton Counties were recorded in 1991. One specimen was found by the Sewage Lagoons at Thedford (Lambton Co.) and two in Middlesex Co.; on 3 km south of Corbett and the other beside the Parkhill Dam (see section 6). The Toronto Entomologists' Association has been interested in the distribu­ tion of this butterfly in Ontario at least since 1977. Occasional Publications 10-79 (pp. 5-12), 11-80 (pp. 6-7),12-81 (pp. 7-8),12-81 (pp. 7-8),13-82 (pp. 8-9), 14-83 (pp. 8-11) and 16-85 (pp. 11-13) have described new findings with respect to life history, and in particular the range extension westwards. This has been characterized by westerly movement to the east coast of Lake Huron and south­ westerly, until now it has moved into Middlesex and Lambton Counties. It should be pointed out that James A. Scott in "The Butterflies of North America", pages 239-240, has this taxon as Coenonympha tu771a Mueller, with 1nornata as a race and heineman1 as a local variety. He does not mention the race nipisiqu1t, which is listed by Miller and Brown in "A Catalog/Checklist of the Butterflies of America North of Mexico" (lep. Soc. Memoir No. 2 - pp. 193). The question of the number of broods of this ringlet in Ontario is of interest. In the writer's experience, there are two broods seasonally to the south of the southern parts of south central Ontario. To the north and west, there is only one brood.

4.2. The Monarch in Ontario by Q.F. Hess. If there is one word to describe the Monarch butterfly (Oanaus p7ex1ppus linn.), it is 'spectacular'. The size and beauty of the butterfly, its defences, unique migration habits and popularity with the average person all add up to another word - 'fantastic'. The data in this section are intended to complement the work carried out on the Monarch by Dr. F.A. Urquhart, whose findings were published in "The Monarch Butterfly" by University of Toronto Press in 1960. It is hoped that this will add to our knowledge of the Monarch in Ontario. The Toronto Entomologists' Association, among others in Ontario, has had a continuing interest in recording the life history, occurrence and migration of the Monarch. Occasional Publication' 12-81 (pp. 34-35) describes the foodp1ants of the Monarch in Ontario. The northern boundary of the main foodplant, the Common Milk­ weed (Asc7epias syriaca), is shown in Figure 18. This boundary extends from North Bay to Sault Ste. Marie. In addition to the Milkweeds, plants in the Nightshade and Dogbane families are said to be utilized by the larvae. It should be pointed out that occasional stands of Common Milkweed have been reported north of the boundary stated above. However, these are rare and some are grown as garden flowers. For instance, the only known stand in Thunder Bay is in a garden. The Swamp Milkweed (A. 1ncarnata) ranges further north than the Common Milk­ weed in Ontario, occurring rarely in Quetico Park and easterly from the Algoma to Nipissing Districts. For example, there is a relatively large stand of Swamp Milk­ weed beside Red Cedar lake north of Field in Nipissing District and it supports a colony of the Monarch. The females arrive in the spring before the plants appear above ground and wait until they are of a size suitable for egg-laying. Where do the migrating Monarchs from Ontario go? This was the big mystery since before 1952. It was hoped that the answer would be found by undertaking systematic

-8- tagging programs for the butterflies as they commenced their migration south. Dr. Urquhart and his co-operators worked on this question and the work has been con­ tinued by others such as Wm.E.E. Edmonds and Donald Davis. The result of these efforts culminated in the location of the wintering grounds on January 9th, 1975 in the Sierra Madre mountains west of Mexico City by Ken Brugger and his wife Cathy. Unfortunately, due to the environmental impact of an expanding human population there is much concern over the future of these wintering grounds. Although the main populations each year are in southern Ontario, adult Monarch butterflies have been reported as far north as James Bay to the east and Geraldton and Minaki to the west. A survey of some northern Ontario Provincial Parks was carried out in 1991 by Donald Davis, with the assistance of park personnel as noted in the following data. 1. Quetico provincial park. Atikokan: Survey completed by Shirley Peruniak, Assistant Naturalist. Monarch butterflies are usually seen on an occasional basis early in June, the farthest point to the north being Highway 17. Sightings in 1991 were at Hwy. 17 near Ignace (Bending Lake Road) on June 7; Nym Lake and Hwy. 11 near Atikokan on June 9 and French Lake on July 31. The occurrence of Swamp Milkweed has been re­ ported by Shan Walshe, although it is rare. 2. Kettle Lakes provincial park. Timmins: Survey completed by Leeanne Beaudin, Visitor Services Assistant. Monarch butterflies are rarely seen and none were reported in 1991. In fact, only 2 adults have been seen in Timmins in 20 years, according to Evelyn Rymer, a Timmins local naturalist. Milkweed is rarely found. 3. Esker Lakes provincial park. Swastika: Survey completed by Andrew Miller, Park Naturalist, with the assistance of the University of Guelph Entomology Department. Monarch butterflies are rarely seen and in 1991 were as abundant as in 1990. Any seen are usually in poor condition (other reports differ on this - QFH). No larvae were found on Milkweed during the larval season. The farthest point northerly where adults have been observed is Abitibi de Troyes Waterway Provincial Park (other re­ ports record the adult north to James Bay - QFH). 4. Nevs provincial park. Terrace Bav: Survey completed by David Werbiwski, Head Naturalist: Monarch adults are seen daily, with a peak period of approximately 2 weeks from around July 7th to 21st. After this, they are rarely seen - possibly because of the micro-environment created by Lake Superior (probably the migrants have passed by ­ QFH). Milkweed does not appear to grow here and the farthest northerly point for sightings is Cassumit Lake. 5. Lake Syperior provincial park. Wawa: Survey completed by Carol Dersch, Visitor Services Co-ordinator. Monarch adults are seen occasionally, with the farthest northerly point being the Red Rock Lake Park Headquarters. Milkweed is occasionally found.

-9- The migration patterns for the Monarch in Ontario are basically to the south or southwest although adults in the eastern areas may travel south across Wolfe Island into New York State and onwards from there. When these migrating adults reach the Great Lakes (Erie, Huron and Ontario), they tend to congregate at points of land extending into the lake or along the shore. They are prone to cluster as they await suitable weather conditions in order to continue. If suitable weather does occur they have been reported as starting off 'en masse'. Norman Tremblay reported one such as happening at the Scarborough Bluffs. Conversely, there may be movements of single individuals such as those reported by personnel from the Long Point Bird Observatory on the north shore of Lake Erie. They have sighted adult butterflies flying across Lake Erie at elevations up to 7000 feet. If conditions suitable for crossing miles of water do not occur, the migration is southwesterly along the shore of Lake Ontario, many congregating at Point Pe1ee, where they await suitable weather to cross into Ohio. In southwestern areas, they tend to funnel down the east shore of Lake Huron into Michigan and onwards from there. This flight path probably includes those adults from Manitoulin Island and the Bruce Peninsula. Clustering has been reported along this route by various observers. In northern areas, the migration route is probably in a southwesterly direction across the st. Mary's River into Michigan and/or to the south via Mani­ toulin Island. Adult butterflies from the Rainy River and Kenora Districts migrate directly south into Minnesota. The Monarch population appears to have been on a decline in Ontario for several years, as reported in previous TEA Summaries, although some observers believe that the population rises and falls according to the eleven year sunspot cycle. In recent years, the situation in the wintering grounds, coupled with continued development and agricultural practice along the migration paths may also have an impact upon the population. Many of the migrating adults are killed by collision with motor vehicles. Since it was a very warm year, 1991 may have produced conditions favouring the Monarch and most reporters indicated that the population levels increased over those seen in 1990. The Monarch may be observed in extreme southwestern Ontario in late April and in favourable years, as late as mid-November. The migration south usually commences in August, sometimes even in late July, and extends into October with one or more noticeable peaks. Specifically in 1991, the migration in the Lake Ontario areas is described as follows: Donald Davis, for Presqu'i1e Provo Park, states - "we observed large roostings of the Monarch butterflies during the entire month of August, beginning on about the 2nd and reducing in numbers thereafter. There were still Monarch butterflies at Presqu'i1e on October 16th". Barry Harrison, for Toronto/Bobcaygeon, observes - "the Monarch first started direct flight westerly on July 20th and movement picked up notably after the 25th. Counts at the base of Leslie Spit from July 1st to October 5th varied from 1 to 15, with a peak of 150 individuals on August 25th and none after October 13th". Norman A. Tremblay advises that the Monarchs migrated south through Norland during early August and hundreds were seen. Over 30 were seen dead on the highway after collisions with vehicles. Massing was seen at Scarborough Bluffs in early August. The flyway along the east shore of Lake Huron had the migration peaking on August 19-20, after which few were observed. These observations compare with 1990, which had peak migration in the Lake Ontario area on September 2-3 and in the Lake Huron area on September 8-9.

-10- 4.3 The Status of the Karner Blue & Frosted Elfin in Ontario in 1991 by Q.F. Hess The Karner Blue (Lyciades me7issa samue7is) has occurred in Ontario in oak savannah areas near Port Franks (Lambton County) and near St. Williams (Norfolk County) in the vicinity of the Forest Nursery and Manestra property. In 1991, intensive field surveys failed to locate the butterfly in the Port Franks locality, but two adults were identified at the St. Williams locality. Field checks for the Frosted Elfin (Incisa7ia irus) in the St. Williams Karner Blue area (the only known locality in Ontario where the Frosted Elfin has been seen in recent years) failed to find the species. Both the Karner Blue and Frosted Elfin were placed under the protection of the Endangered Species Act in June of 1990. For more information, please refer to previous TEA Occasional Publications, particularly .'s 22-90 and 23-91.

4.4 The West Virginia White in Ontario in 1991 by Q.F. Hess This was the final year for the two year "West Virginia White Monitoring Study" by Landplan Collaborators of Guelph, under a contract for the Ministry of Natural Resources. Subject to the final report, which is in preparation, several personnel recorded new occurrences for the West Virginia White in Ontario as follows: St. Joseph Island (mouth of St. Mary's River south of Sault Ste. Marie) - 7 colonies in the central part of the Island; Grey County - 1 new colony near the centre of the County; Lambton County - 1 new colony just inside the southern part of the east boundary; Beverley Swamp area - several new localities between Guelph and Brantford. Alan Wormington reports a number of additional sites in the Hamilton/Wentworth area as follows: Progreston, Flamboro Centre (3 km NE), Carlisle (3 km N), Valens (4 km E), Freelton (1 km NE) and Mountsberg (3i km ENE). The 1991 field surveys indicated that the West Virginia White suffered further habitat loss due especially to the activities of various aggregate concerns once the insect was removed from the protection of the Endangered Species Act in 1990. Monitoring of various localities for the butterfly indicated that the populations, in general, were reduced compared to the levels in 1990.

4.5 Butterfly and Moth Records for Kettle Point (Lambton County) by Allan L. Patterson (as selected by Q.F. Hess)

1. Bytterflies Poanes zabu70n Zabulon Skipper June 19, 1987 Pyrisitia 7isa Little Sulphur (F) September 1, 1986 do (M) July 14, 1987 Natha71s i07e Dainty Sulphur June 14, 1988 Hy7701ycaena hy77us Bronze Copper June 19, 1987 Nympha7is vau-a7bum Compton Tortoiseshell July 29, 1989 (27 at bait) Ag7ais mi7berti Milbert's Tortoiseshell July 17, 1986 Junonia coenia The Buckeye September 17, 1986

-11- 2. Sphinx MQths (all at lights)

Hsnducs quinquemacula Five-spotted HawkmQth July 14, 1986 Cerstomia undulosa Waved Sphinx May 30, 1987 Sphinx chersis Great Ash Sphinx August 14, 1989 Sphinx kalmiae Laurel Sphinx July 16, 1986 Lapars bombycoides NQrthern Pine Sphinx June 26, 1989 Erinnyis ell0 EllQ Sphinx May 31, 1987 Eumorpha pandorus PandQra Sphinx October 15, 1989 Eumorpha fasciata Banded Sphinx July 11, 1986 Sphecodina abbottii AbbQt's Sphinx May 26, 1989 (larva Qn Virginia Creeper) July 27, 1987 Amphion floridensis Nessus Sphinx May 30, 1989 Darapsa myron HQg Sphinx August 3, 1986 Darapsa pholus Azalea Sphinx July 17, 1990 3. Silkmoths

Autameris 10 10 MQth (M) June 3, 1986 (at light) Antheraea polyphemus PQlyphemus MQth May 4, 1987 (reared) Actias luna Luna MQth July 19, 1987 Callosamia promethea Promethea MQth July 11, 1987 4. Underwing Moths

Euparthenos nub11is LQcust Underwing August 12, 1987 Catocala piatrix The Penitent September 5, 1989 C. innubens The BetrQthed July 26, 1988 C. hab111s Habilis Underwing August 23, 1987 C. retecta YellQw-Gray Underwing August 3, 1987 C. palaeogama The Old Wife July 23, 1987 C. neogama The Bride August 30, 1987 C. 111a Ilia Underwing August 1, 1987 C. cerogama YellQw-Banded Underwing July 22, 1989 C. rel1cta White Underwing July 22, 1988 C. marmorata Marbled Underwing August 6, 1990 C. unijuga Once-Married Underwing July 18, 1987 C. parta MQther Underwing July 26, 1987 C. brise1s Briseis Underwing September 2, 1989 C. cara Darling Underwing July 22, 1987 C. concumbens Sleepy Underwing August 31, 1987 C. ultronia UltrQnia Underwing July 29, 1987 C. grynea WQody Underwing July 26, 1988 C. blandula Charming Underwing July 17, 1988 C. amica The Girlfriend July 25, 1988 Euparthenos nubil1s LQcust Moth August 12, 1987

4.6 Butterflies in the Hamilton Study Area by Bill Lamond The HamiltQn Study Area is centered on Dundurn Castle, HamiltQn and has a radius of 40.2 k. Many sites within the area were periodically sampled throughout the year tQ determine the numbers of various species, and in 1991, there were many exciting and interesting finds. Many records were cQllected during the Natural Areas Inventory (NAI) carried out in the Hamilton/Wentworth area by Alan Wormington and the writer.

-12- The main highlights of the year were strays, and the rarest was certainly the Oco1a Skipper found by Rob Curry at the RBG Teaching Gardens. Also, there was one report of a Little Sulphur and several sightings of the Fiery Skipper from five locations within the area. Several sites were discovered for the Indian Skipper, a species which had only been recorded in the area on a few occasions. New sites were also recorded for the Two-spotted Skipper (1), Giant Swallowtail (5), Dorcas Copper (1), West Virginia White (10+), Pine Elfin (4), Hickory Hairstreak (6) and Mulberry Wing (1). Due to the extreme heat in April, there were record early emergence dates for several species. In addition, because of the above average temperatures in 1991, several species had additional (although very partial) broods. These included the Columbine Dusky Wing, Cross Line Skipper, Long Dash, Little Glassy Wing, Delaware Skipper, Northern Eyed Brown, Appalachian Eyed Brown and Inornate Ringlet. These unusual occurrences led to record late dates for some species. N2ti: The symbol < before a number means up to that many at one location. SPECIES NUMBERS EARLIEST WEST Silver-spotted Skipper 20 June 17 July 25 Northern Cloudy Wing 18 June 08 July 10 Dreamy Dusky Wing 82 May 16 June 21 Juvena1 ' s Dusky Wing 208 April 29 June 13 Columbine Dusky Wing 134 May 08 Sept. 17 Common Sooty Wing 26 May 27 Aug. 08 Arctic Skipper 12 May 28 June 10 Least Skipper 230 May 28 Sept. 17 European Skipper <500 June 01 July 20 Fiery Skipper 19 Sept. 08 Oct. 18 Leonardus Skipper 13 Aug. 22 sept. 17 Indian Skipper 24 May 28 June 18 Peck's Skipper 207 May 21 Oct. 18 Tawny-edged Skipper <60 May 23 Sept. 18 Cross-line Skipper 133 June 18 Sept. 12 (Sept. 12 - 2nd brood) Long Dash <40 May 28 Sept. 22 (Sept. 17 & 22 - 2nd brood) Broken Dash 152 June 18 July 21 Little Glassy Wing 131 June 12 Sept. 15 (Sept. 15 - 2nd brood) Delaware Skipper 148 June 18 Sept. 18 (Sept. 11, 17 & 18 - 2nd brood) Mulberry Wing 2 - June 28 Hobomok Skipper 225 May 21 July 02 (only 2 f. pocahontas) Broad-winged Skipper 138 June 19 July 15 Dion Skipper 94 June 19 July 12 Black Dash 115 June 27 Aug. 02 Two-spotted Skipper 1 - June 14 Dun Skipper 218 June 17 Aug. 07 Ocola Skipper 1 - Sept. 08 Black Swallowtail 71 May 14 Sept. 12 Giant Swallowtail 26 May 27 Aug. 25 (1 reared - ova July 29, adult Oct. 5) Tiger Swallowtail 62 May 28 July 25

-13- SPECIES NUMBERS EARLIEST LATEST Mustard White 232 April 25 Sept. 06 West Virginia White 42 April 25 May 22 (15 at Mountsberg May 15) Cabbage White <300 April 25 Oct. 22 Common Sulphur 400 May 08 Oct. 23 (not more than 25 at one time) Orange Sulphur 130 May 28 Oct. 23 Little Sulphur 1 - July 06 The Harvester 21 May 27 sept. 29 Bronze Copper 34 June 01 Aug. 22 Bog Copper 75 June 18 July 01 (Copetown Bog only) Coral Hairstreak 39 June 14 July 19 Acadian Hairstreak 76 June 18 July 12 Edwards Hairstreak 1 - July 12 Banded Hairstreak 79 June 17 July 25 Hickory Hairstreak 11 June 24 July 25 Striped Hairstreak 25 June 26 July 31 Eastern Pine Elfin 6 May 15 June 07 Eastern Tailed Blue 88 May 16 Oct. 02 Spring Azure 168 April 25 Aug. 16 Great Spangled Fritillary <15 June 12 Sept. 13 The Aphrodite 24 JUly 03 Sept. 04 Silver-bordered Fritillary 68 May 23 Aug. 22 Meadow Fritillary 176 May 12 Sept. 15 Pearl Crescent <250 May 14 Oct. 17 Orange Crescent <40 May 14 Aug. 16 The Baltimore <50 June 10 July 16 (8 larvae June 10) The Question Mark 46 May 25 Sept. 12 The Comma 55 April 09 Oct. 17 Gray Comma 12 April 30 Oct. 23 Compton's Tortoiseshell 117 April 25 Nov. 03 Milbert's Tortoiseshell 1 - April 07 American Painted Lady 60 May 08 Aug. 29 The Painted Lady 58 May 27 Sept. 22 The Red Admiral 61 April 23 Sept. 12 Red-spotted Purple 114 May 27 Aug. 13 White Admiral 6 June 01 June 28 The Viceroy <20 May 25 Sept. 25 (20 maximum at one time)

The Pearly Eye <25 June 12 Aug. 13 Northern Eyed Brown <35 June 05 Sept. 04 (Sept. 4 - 2nd brood) Appalachian Eyed Brown <40 May 29 Aug. 29 little Wood Satyr <40 May 23 July 25 Inornate Ringlet <150 May 21 Oct. 22 Wood Nymph <60 June 18 Aug. 29 The Monarch <25 May 27 Oct. 27 ------

-14- 4.7 Some Notes &Observations on Behaviour of the Early Hairstreak (Erora 7aeta) by S.M. Daniels On May 20, 1991, I was fortunate enough, together with Ross layberry, Bob Curry and Kirk Zufelt, to visit a site of the elusive Early Hairstreak Butterfly. This was at Po1timore, Quebec, some fifty kilometers north of Ottawa, and observa­ tions were made on the behaviour of the butterfly. In this area 7aeta prefers to land on sandy sections in the midst of beech forests. Ross notes that when one particular road was widened from three to seven metres, the actual number of obser­ vations of laeta increased. They tend to fly from mid-morning to late afternoon (5:00 p.m.) and are as likely to be active in the heat of the day as at other times. They are more numerous adjacent to the forest containing fairly heavy con­ centrations of beech (Fagus grandifolia) and ~ trees appear to be associated with the area of sightings. Individuals are often encountered motionless on the roadway and allow a close approach. Seeing them before you are on top of them is a challenge. In our experience on May 20, these hairstreaks were seen first while in motion, usually during a weak flight close to the road surface. They would even­ tually land and all were captured on the first try save one. Even when alarmed they persisted in landing at ground level within a few seconds and did not demonstrate the vertical alarm-flight to tree tops often observed by others. Of the five indi­ viduals seen, one folded its wings and adopted a "tilted" position soon after landing on the road. This angled position of the wings, frequently demonstrated by elfins and satyrids may be an effort to reduce the size of shadow cast on the landing surface. In Ross layberry's experience, males are relatively rarely seen. Of the 84 individuals he had previously observed only three were males. The very first speci­ men encountered on May 20 was a male. Two observers noticed a bluish colour when this butterfly was in flight. I observed it making a loop-like flight pattern, but failed to see any blue colouration. Upon inspection it was found to be a male with a dark charcoal coloured interior which may have had a bluish-grey cast in certain light conditions and angles. In most cases where females were seen flying just over the road surface, a definite blue colour was observed. I remember one instance in particular where the sun was close to being overhead and the butterfly flew off to my right at a distance of 3 metres and landed close to 5 metres away. During that time it appeared very reminiscent of the Northern Blue (Lycaeides idas) , with a definite dark purplish hue being noted. On most occasions the Spring Azure (Ce7astrina ladon) would appear considerably lighter in colour but it would certainly not be impossible for the two species to be momentarily confused. By carefully examining live specimens in an observation jar it is possible to differentiate between male and female even with wings closed (as is their usual position within a jar). The male has a more sharply pointed apex on the forewing and a relatively straight lateral forewing edge. The female exhibits a more rounded apex and a gentle convex (curving) edge on the sides of the forewing. After netting these butterflies, they sometimes remained on the soil and had to be coaxed up into the net. The best way I can describe their flight is elfin-like. The sparse yet wide distribution of Erora laeta may be dependent on a number of factors, including beech tree density and forest maturity. The preference for tall trees may allow it to go undetected, especially in areas not intensely scruti­ nized. Subtle aspects of habitat may eventually be uncovered, especially in eastern North American populations where it is less frequently observed.

-15- 4.8 A Big Day for Migrants by S.M. Daniels On September 21, 1991, an extraordinary number of "migrant" butterfly species (10) were observed at one location, Point Pelee, in southwestern Ontario. At least eight of these have never been known to overwinter anywhere in Ontario and at least nine have never been known to overwinter at Pelee. There were several factors which contributed to this phenomenon, among the most obvious was the extraordinarily warm weather, consisting of eight successive months of above average monthly mean tem­ peratures. Others were the late observation date and the extreme southern position of Point Pelee geographically. The three observers, Alan Wormington, Bob Curry and I noted the following variety of species between 10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m.: NO. of specimens Erynnis bapt1siae Wild Indigo Dusky Wing 1 Hyleph11a phyleus Fiery Skipper 38 Atalopedes campestris The Sachem 9 Panoqu1na ocola Ocola Skipper 4 Ca 1podes eth11us Brazilian Skipper 1 Strymon me linus Gray Hairstreak 4 L1bytheana bachmanii Snout Butterfly 2 Vanessa cardui Painted Lady 12 Junon1a coen1a The Buckeye 15 Danaus plex1ppus The Monarch 10+ These observations were also unusual in terms of the unique varieties found, including C. ethlius, recorded for the first time in Ontario and Canada and P. ocola, recorded for only the second time in Canada. E. baptisiae was only the fourth observation at Pe1ee and A. campestris had been recorded during only one previous year in this area. It is also noteworthy that the infrequent migrant H. phyleus was seen in unprecedented numbers (38). One species which might have been expected, Eurema lisa, was not seen and was scarce this summer in spite of extremely warm weather. Historically, most lisa observations have been made in July but September observations certainly are known. This situation is not out of keeping with the observations and conclusions made by Paul Cat1ing (T.E.A. Occ. Pub. No.3 - 1972). It was his conclusion that butterfly migration was not exclusively a function of climatic conditions. Other factors, including population dynamics, are no doubt involved. Careful observations should be continued in the future to help in further un­ ravelling the forces and conditions behind butter­ Hylephila phyleus (top), Atalopodes fly migration. campestris & Panoquina ocola (bottom)

-16- 4.9 The Ocola Skipper (Panoquina ocola), New to Ontario &Canada by Robert Curry On September 7, 1991, while on a successful day seeking butterflies at Point Pelee National Park with Alan Wormington and Kirk Zufelt during which we found five Fiery Skippers (Hy7ephi7a phy7eus), I lamented that, despite considerable effort, we could find no vagrant butterflies at Hamilton. Wormington suggested that I try the Teaching Gardens (formerly Children's Gardens), a property of the Royal Bota­ nical Gardens located in West Hamilton (Hamilton-Wentworth). These consist of a combination of vegetable plots and flower beds and more than twenty years before, he had found Fiery Skippers there. So, on Sunday afternoon, September 8, at about 3:00 p.m. I was patrolling the Teaching Gardens among banks of flowers and clouds of bees. My eye was caught by a very dark skipper and I thought that I was about to get an excellent second brood record, a result of the long hot summer, such as the Dun Skipper (Euphyes vestris) we had the day before at Pelee. It landed on some white cultivated impatiens and I could see that it had very long forewings and a "raked" or swept back appearance with the forewings folded into the hindwings that I could not recall on any other species that I had seen. When it flipped to another flower I could see some white spotting on the forewing but the VHW was plain dark brown. Sure now that this was something that I had never seen, I swept twenty flower heads and the skipper into the net. Carrying on, I found two Fiery Skippers, which made Alan Wormington look like a prophet! That evening, I checked more closely and found a curious 3/8 moon­ shaped white spot and another squarish spot both on the forewing which made identi­ fication rather easy.

Panoquina oco7a - 2.25 x life size wingspan 36 mm - (S.M. Daniels) On September 21, Sid Daniels and I made a trip to Point Pe1ee National Park where we met up with Alan Wormington. We were not optimistic en route as a major cold front had crossed southern Ontario the day before and we measured the pre-dawn temperature at Hamilton as 0.8·C. There was thick frost on cars, roofs and lawns! What transpired was merely the best day any of us had experienced for immigrant vagrant butterflies (also see Section 4.8). Most pertinent to this note, we ob­ served four oco7a, obtaining three of them. All were feeding on Spotted Knapweed (Centaurea macu7osa), virtually the only nectar source available on account of a summer-long drought.

-17- The Ocola Skipper is known to migrate northward in summer and early fall from its normal range in the coastal plain of the southeastern Gulf states (Op1er & Krizek 1984:212). More specifically, it occurs on the Eastern Seaboard coastal plain regularly north to extreme southeastern Pennsylvania (Philadelphia) and southern New Jersey (Shapiro 1966:61) and rarely north to Staten Island NY where there are three records (Shapiro 1974:28). West of the Appalachians it also has occurred as a rare immigrant in the tier of states to the south of the Great Lakes. There is a record from SW Illinois, near St. Louis, MO (Irwin & Downey 1973:5) and it is described as "exceedingly rare" in Indiana with records from three counties in the northern part of the state (Shull 1987:74-75). It is interesting that Ohio apparently has the most records of any state adjacent to Ontario. The Ohio Lepidopterists' unpublished data sent to me by David K. Parshall reveal seven records over the last 86 years from across the state. The specimen from the extreme northwest part of the state was the northern­ most on record before these Ontario specimens were recorded. What conditions in 1991 were conducive to bringing these and other summer migrants to Ontario? It seems likely that what is required are good conditions for breeding within the insect's normal range coupled with ideal conditions as sub­ sequent generations expand northward. Certainly, 1991 met these requirements in Ontario and the eastern U.S. Toronto, for example, was the warmest in recorded weather history (Aarsteinsen 1991) with temperatures in the first eight months higher than average. Parshall (pers comrn) stated that summer 1991 was the driest on record for much of Ohio. All but one of those northern extra-1imita1 records for which dates were available occurred between the end of August and mid October. Given the virtual absence of records from the Appalachians with but one record from central Pennsylvania (Opler 1982) it seems very likely that our Oco1as moved up the Mississippi Valley. The Sept. 7 Hamilton specimen was the most worn, perhaps an indication that it had travelled furthest. RBG meteorological records (1991) reveal high temperatures and prevailing winds from the west and southwest for Sept. 5 - 7 which may well have brought this skipper to the northernmost location ever recorded. The Point Pe1ee records are, however, in some ways the most interesting. Since 13 days separated them from the Hamilton record and some were much fresher, they suggest that there was a widespread northern movement taking place over a time period of several weeks. During the period September 15 - 18 southern Ontario ex­ perienced tropical Gulf air with strong SW winds and record highs at Hamilton on the 15th and 16th respectively of 32 and 33 degrees (RBG 1991). Immediately on the heels of this phenomenon a strong cold front passed through bringing cold tempera­ tures, considerable cloud cover and brisk NW winds on the 19th and 20th. It is possible that these and some of the other butterflies at Point Pe1ee that day (A. eampestris, C. eth7ius) had reached the province a few days earlier and been pushed south from points inland and to the north and concentrated on the peninsula in a kind of reverse migration well known to occur with birds at Point Pe1ee under similar circumstances during spring migration. Of all the other known vagrant northern records of oeo7a all but one were of single individuals and that was of two in Ohio (O.K. Parshall pers comm). It seems likely that there were other widely distributed P. oeo7a in the province last September in addition to the five described here. Strangely, at the time of writing, I have heard of no other 1991 extra-limi­ tal records for oeo78 or indeed of these other species despite correspondence with Parshall and with Lepidopterists' Society zone co-ordinators L.A. Ferge (Central Region) and W.O. Winter (Northeast Region). In fact, Winter reports that the only oeo7a record for 1991 was at the head of Chesapeake Bay, where they may normally be found in September. Surely they must have occurred in those states to the south and west of Ontario but gone undetected.

-18- Acknowledgements: I thank Sid Daniels for the photograph and for reading a draft of this note. Alan Wormington provided several of the references from his library. Thanks also to Leslie A. Ferge, David K. Parshall and William D. Winter. Literature cited: Aarsteinsen, B. 1991; Toronto has its warmest year; The Toronto Star, December 31, pp. A3. Irwin, R.R. and Downey, J.C. 1973; Annotated Checklist of the Butterflies of Illi­ nois; Biological Notes No. 81; Illinois Natural History Survey, Urbana, 60 pp. Op1er, P.A. 1982; County Atlas of Eastern United States Butterflies (Draft); Office of Endangered Species, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Washington, D.C. Op1er, P.A. and Krizek, G.O. 1984; Butterflies East of the Great Plains; An Illus­ trated Natural History; The Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, Baltimore & London, 294 pp. Royal Botanical Gardens, 1991: Monthly Meteorological Summary; September 1991, Hamilton/Burlington, Ontario. Shapiro, A.M. 1966; Butterflies of the Delaware Valley; Special Publication of the American Entomological Society, 79 pp. Shapiro, A.M. 1974; Butterflies of New York State; Search (Agriculture) 4; 1-60. Shull, E.M. 1987; The Butterflies of Indiana; Indiana Academy of Science, 262 pp.

4.10 Brazilian Skipper (Ca7podes eth7ius): New to Ontario and Canada by Alan Wormington On September 21, 1991, a fresh specimen of Brazilian Skipper(Ca7podes eth7ius) was obtained at Point Pe1ee National Park, Essex County, by the author, Sidney M. Daniels and Robert H. Curry. This individual, first spotted by SMD, was found at the west side of the park's Tip where it was initially observed feeding on Spotted Knapweed (Centaurea macu7osa) , a common flower at this site. The specimen currently resides in the collection of the author. The Brazilian Skipper is a tropical species ranging north as a permanent resident to the Gulf Coast in Texas and Florida. However,the species is a strong migrant and each summer may colonize areas further north, particularly along the Atlantic Coast as far as Virginia(Op1er 1984: 261-262; Scott 1986: 466). Records of the Brazilian Skipper between the Great Lakes and Gulf Coast are spotty and very few in number (Op1er 1983). The most northerly records I could locate are for northern Illinois (Chicago) in 1923 (Irwin & Downey 1973: 5);southeast Ohio (Vinton County) on July 31, 1982 (David K. Parshall, pers. comm.); and southeast New York (Albany County) in 1893 (Shapiro 1974: 28). The Brazilian Skipper was encountered on a truly exceptional day for butter­ flies at Point Pe1ee, as a massive influx of southern immigrants had recently occurred; on September 21 the following were also recorded in the vicinity of the Tip: 38 Fiery Skipper (Hy7ephi7a phy7eus), 30 Buckeye (Junonia coenia), 9 The Sachem (Atalopedes campestris) , 5 Gray Hairstreak (Strymon melinus) , 40co1a Skipper (Panoquina oco7a) and one Wild Indigo Dusky-Wing (Erynnis baptisiae).

-19- Brazilian Skipper (Ca7podes eth7ius) from Point Pelee National Park, Essex Co. Sept. 21, 1991. (Wingspan of specimen - 4.8 em). An analysis of recent weather disclosed what had happened to produce such an influx of species, including the Brazilian Skipper. On September 14-15 it was ex­ tremely hot (temperatures over 90 F.) with strong south winds. It was still hot on September 17, but a thorough search of the Tip area (by Kirk Zufelt, pers. comm.) revealed very little of interest. Then, during September 18-20 inclusive, an intense cold front passed through with associated rain and continuous cloudiness. The weather finally cleared on September 21, and although it was rather cool with low humidity, the Tip area was alive with butterflies. What had undoubtedly happened was the species involved arrived over a broad front during the hot weather of September 14-17, but it was the subsequent cold front that concentrated numbers at the Tip: presumably the direction of flight was now south, but the butterflies encountered the barrier of Lake Erie. This observed phenomenon is not unique, as similar concentrations at the Tip of Point Pelee have been recorded for both birds and dragonflies on a regular basis. In the case of dragonflies, in the fall it is quite normal to see tremendous numbers at the Tip of Point Pelee immediately after the passage of a cold front. Literature Cited Irwin, R.R. and Downey, J.C. 1973; Annotated Checklist of the Butterflies of Illi­ nois; Biological Notes No. 81; Illinois Natural History Survey, Urbana, 60 pp. Opler, P.A. 1982; County Atlas of Eastern United States Butterflies (Draft); Office of Enndangered Species, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington D.C. Opler, P.A. and Krizek, G.O. 1984; Butterflies East of the Great Plains; An Illus­ trated Natural History; The Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, Baltimore & London, 294 pp.

-20- Scott, J.A. 1986; The Butterflies of North America, A Natural History and Field Guide; Stanford University Press; Stanford, California, 583 pp. Shapiro, A.M. 1974; Butterflies and Skippers of New York State; Search (Agri­ culture), 4: 1-60.

4.11 Further Notes on Zarucco Dusky-Wing in Ontario by Alan Wormington In a previous note (Wormington 1991), I detailed the capture of the Zarucco Dusky-Wing (ssp. funera71s) at Point Pelee National Park on October 6, 1990. At the time of publication, it was uncertain if this represented the first record for Ontario as both Gregory (1975) and Campbell et a7. (1986: 86-88) listed the species as occurring in Ontario. In Campbell et a7. this was based on four supposed specimens collected in 1935 and still extant: one at the Rouge River (Metropolitan Toronto) and three at Kitchener; that these were all recorded in 1935 is apparently coincidental. Recently I have examined all of these specimens and the findings can be given here. The Rouge River specimen (collected by T. Irwin on June 20, 1935) is in the Canadian National Collection (Ottawa) and is the nominate zarucco subspecies (identification also confirmed by J. Donald Lafontaine). Curiously, the specimen was found in the collection amongst a series of Horace's Dusky-Wing (E. horatius) from the United States. The supposed occurrence of Zarucco Dusky-Wing at Kitchener, based on three specimens in the University of Waterloo (WAT) , is erroneous. Most of the collection at WAT consists of a catalogued journal and corresponding numbered specimens. There is a journal entry for three specimens of Zarucco Dusky-Wing (collected by E.l. James in 1935), but the corresponding specimens in the collection are very small and are obviously Columbine Dusky-Wing (Erynnis 7uc17ius). It appears that only the journal was used as a source of information (by Campbell et a7.?), but the specimens were apparently never examined to confirm the identification. This error provides an excellent example as to why one should be cautious of records in the literature, especially those where the basis of the published record is unknown or not clearly stated. In summary, Ontario has two authentic records of Zarucco Dusky-Wing: one of the nominate subspecies zarucco at the Rouge River (June 20, 1935) and one of subspecies funera7is at Point Pelee National Park (October 6, 1990). literatyre Cited: Campbell, C.A., Bryant, A.A. and Coulson, D.P. 1986; Status, Distribution and life History Characteristics of Some Uncommon Butterflies of the Carolinian Forest Zone; World Wildlife Fund (Canada); Unpublished, 125 pp. Gregory, W.W. 1975; Checklist of the Butterflies and Skippers of Canada; Memoir Number 3 (Special Publication Number 10); lyman Entomological Museum and Research laboratory, 44 pp. Wormington, A. 1991; Zarucco Dusky-Wing (Erynn1s zarucco funera7is) at Point Pelee, Ontario; In Toronto Entomologists Association Summary # 23-91, pp. 12-13.

-21- 4.12 A Range Extension for the Large Marb1ewing (Euchloe auson1des) by G.C. & S.M. Daniels The Large Marb1ewing (Euchloe ausonides) was first mentioned in a T.E.A. Summary in 1971 and then not again until 1976. Since that time, it has been recor­ ded regularly in northwestern Ontario, primarily the Thunder Bay District, where 20 of the 25 previously recorded sites are located. A disjunct site on Manitoulin Island was first reported in 1978. On June 8, 1991, while walking along the railroad tracks at Fraserdale in the Cochrane District, a small white butterfly qUickly approached us from the north. It was a fresh specimen of E. auson1des and four additional specimens were seen during the two days we spent in this vicinity. Fraserdale is located on Hwy. 634 north of Smooth Rock Falls, and the tracks of the Ontario Northland Railroad proceed north from there to Moosonee. Discovery of this species here represents a 320 km eastern range extension, the first record for Cochrane District and the first record for northeastern Ontario. It is about 500 km north of the Manitoulin site. Many of the known sites for this butterfly are along major lake shores, east­ west highways and railroad tracks, although the Fraserda1e site does not particu­ larly fit these criteria. In future, auson1des should be sought in Mayor June along Highway 11 west of Smooth Rock Falls. It often appears to prefer rather open waste areas.

4.13 The Grayling (Cercyon1s pegala) North of Lake Superior by Greg Daniels The distribution of pegala is not well defined north of Lake Superior between Sault Ste. Marie and Thunder Bay. Until now, only a single T.E.A. observation in Marathon, Thunder Bay District (1980), lies in this range. Similarly, the publica­ tion "Butterflies and Skippers on Northern Ontario" by Riotte (1971) contains only a single record from Nipigon, Thunder Bay District for this area. Riotte's list is a thorough and reliable document which is a compilation of records from the ROM, AMNH, CARN, CNC, LYM and various private collections. A third source, "The Ontario Butterfly Atlas" (1991) confirms the two above mentioned locations and shows no additional sites for pega7a north of Lake Superior. On July 7, 1991, I collected two specimens of pegala some 15 km west of Geraldton (Thunder Bay District) and another specimen 15 km further west of this site. This is approximately 70 km north of Nipigon, and represents a range exten­ sion for northern central Ontario. East of these two Geraldton locations the most northerly location for pega7a is approximately 100 km south in latitude at a point 5 km north of Nellie Lake (Cochrane District - see T.E.A. Summary. 23-91). Although substantial work has been carried out on this species in northeastern Ontario (see T.E.A publications .'s 9-78 and 11-80 to 14-83), more effort should be focused on areas north of Lake Superior so that a more accurate picture of the distribution may be compiled. Literature cjted: Holmes, A.M., Hess, Q.F., Tasker, R.R. & Hanks, A.J. 1991; The Ontario Butterfly Atlas; D.W. Friesen, Altona, Manitoba. Riotte, J.C.E., 1971; Butterflies & Skippers of Northern Ontario; The Mid-Continent Lepidoptera Series, Vol. 2, No. 21.

-22- Toronto Entomologists' Association, 1977-1990; Butterflies of Ontario and Summaries of Lepidoptera Encountered in Ontario.

4.14 Description of an Aberrant Crescent: P. bates11, or tharos?? by Greg Daniels

Two crescent butterflies were collected on July 7, 1991 in a bog 13 km north of Aroland (Thunder Bay District). One of the specimens was a normal P. bates1i, (figure 1) while the other was an aberrant form which may be either batesii or tharos (figure 2). The figures show the dorsal and ventral views of both specimens.

---4

~-10 1 ---9

6

Figure 1. P. bates11 (x 3).

2

3

Figure 2. Aberrant specimen (x 3). On the dorsal surface of the normal specimen, the hindwing is patterned with multiple fine black lines (1) toward the wing base at the body. In contrast, the aberrant has a well defined jagged black band (2) and a relatively large clear orange area (3) towards the body. On the verso of the normal specimen there are a number of black patches on (4) the forewing. Although in some specimens these are greatly reduced, they are nearly always visible. In the case of the aberrant, the black markings are reduced to a few dispersed scales (5) at best. The hindwing

-23- verso of the normal specimen shows the typical prominent row of six or seven post­ median spots (6). In the case of the aberrant, these may only be distinguished with the aid of a hand lens because they are reduced in size and obscured by the en­ larged dark patch (7) which is located along the outer margin. This patch continues in a diffused manner toward the base of the hindwing (8) in the aberrant whereas it is restricted to the area near the outer margin in the normal batesii (9). The final feature observable on the hindwing verso is that the fine brown lines which normally cover the most of the wing of a normal batesii (10) are confined to the basal and subbasal portions of the wing (11) in the aberrant. I do not believe this aberrant can be conclusively identified on the basis of wing pattern alone, although antennal club colouration may be a helpful clue (see Scott, 1986, pp. 309). The extensive brown patches on the hindwing verso of the aberrant could be associated with the tharos spring form "marcia" which is men­ tioned in Klots (1951), Howe (1975) and Scott (1986). However, Howe states that the pattern of batesii females sometimes approaches this form of tharos. Therefore this cannot be a discriminating factor in ascertaining this aberrant's (a female) identity. Either way (tharos or batesii) , this specimen is unique in pattern and is an exciting subject for study. Literatyre cited: Howe, William H., 1975; The Butterflies of North America; Doubleday & Company, Inc., Garden City, New York. Klots, A.B., 1951; A Field Guide to the Butterflies; Houghton-Mifflin Company, Boston, Mass. Scott, James A., 1986; The Butterflies of North America; Stanford University Press, Stanford, California.

4.15 A New Food Plant for the Old World Swallowtail (Papi710 machaon hudsonianus). by Robert Curry In 1991, I spent the period July 26 to August 3 at Longridge Point on the Ontario shore of James Bay as a volunteer with the Ministry of Natural Resources Habitat Based Wildlife Assessment of Ontario's Sub-Arctic Coast Project. Longridge Point is in Cochrane District (app. 51°30'N, 80·40'W) about 55 km due north of Moo­ sonee and 52 km NNW up the coast from the Moose River estuary. Along the lower inside slope of the (last) raised sand/gravel beach ridge, one of the commoner herbaceous plants was Scotch Lovage (Ligusticum s. scoticum) and it occurred in extensive stands. Its habitat was along the borders of supratidal flats, pools and marshes; this zone would probably receive doses of salt bay water during autumn storms. On July 29 I discovered large machaon larvae on these plants and subsequently found them to be quite common. By examining plants where I walked but without making an exhaustive systematic search I found three or four dozen of these larvae over the next several days. Some were large and fat, about 5 cm long (not measured) and were presumably fifth instar while others were smaller and of an earlier stage. On those plants with larger larvae (only one was found per plant) not only the leaves but also the umbel was consumed. To my eye, and without direct comparison, these larvae were virtually identical to those of the Black Swallowtail (P. po7y­ xenes). They were bluish-green with black cross bands separating the segments and having yellow spots on the black bands. In fact, I briefly considered po7yxenes

-24- before remembering that the northern edge of its range is 400 or more krn to the south (Scott 1986). I attempted to rear one of the larvae, but it unfortunately succumbed to mould. At this time there were no adults flying. However, an earlier study group was at Longridge during the first half of June. The birdwatchers there at that time recorded their butterfly observations and the observation forms revealed that single "Tiger Swallowtails" were observed on June 6, 7, 9 & 13. The most specific habitat descriptions given were by R.D. (Doug) McRae, who wrote "outer dry ridge (camp)"., This is precisely where I found the larvae! While it is possible to find P. g7aucus here, the birders are not so familiar with these butterfly species to be aware of the differences in appearance or even of the possibility of machaon. Almost certainly then, these were the adult machaon which produced the larvae found in late July! The food plant (L. scoticum) , is interesting in several regards. It is a member of the Umbelliferae, rare in Ontario and only found on the southwest coast of James Bay from Attawapiskat south to the mouth of the Moose River (Pryer 1987). It is a maritime species (another common name is Sea Lovage) and is also found along Canada's east coast south to New York (Pryer 1987). Apparently it is a favourite hostplant of the Short-Tailed Swallowtail (P. brevicauda), (Scott 1986). This is the first confirmed food plant of machaon in Ontario (A. Hanks and Q.F. Hess pers. comm.). Other plants must be used since the butterfly occurs across the northern portion of the province well away from marine coasts, and various members of the Compositae are used elsewhere (Scott 1986). My thanks to OMNR and to project co-ordinator Nancy Wilson for making these observations possible and for supplying me with the appropriate butterfly obser­ vation forms. Literature cited: Pryer, K.M. & Argus, G.W. eds.; "Atlas of the Rare Vascular Plants of Ontario", Part 4; National Museum of Natural Sciences, Ottawa, 1987 (looseleaf). (Two pages deal with L. scoticum L. ssp. scoticum). Scott, J.A.; "The Butterflies of North America"; Stanford University Press, Stanford, California, 1987; 533 pp.

4.16 An OWl Moth (Thysania zenobia) at Point Pelee by Tim Sabo. While making observations at Point Pelee at 9:30 a.m. on Sept. 1st, I observed a large pale 'lep' flying from the beach area towards the grove of trees beside the Tip kiosk. It flew low to the ground with rapid shallow wingbeats, and was larger than several Monarch butterflies it flew near. From 60 feet away, I could see it was a whitish coloured adult with some dark markings. Being unfamiliar with any­ thing like it, I quickly approached, suspecting an aberrant or leucistic Tiger Swallowtail. I got to within 15-20 feet of the insect as it flew through the low bushes and my view of it in flight was unobstructed. I noted its size as about 5-6 inches across; the wings long and swallowtail-like, creamy white in colouration with jagged dark lines across them and some dark streaking. The hindwing appeared to have a ragged edge. The insect flew within 2 feet of the ground, often flying through the scrub or just above it until I lost sight of it in a brushy area and was unsure whether it stopped or continued on. Still thinking that what I saw was a butterfly, I even checked the nearby Monarch roost for a pale specimen! A brief further search failed to turn up the insect.

-25- Later in the morning, I met Alan Wormington and told him of the sighting, and that I figured it may have been some sort of aberrant. He immediately mentioned the Owl Moth as a possible candidate for what I saw and we searched the area again but without success. Back at the car, I checked out the Owl Moth in the Peterson Field Guide and thought the plate closely matched what I had seen except for being too small. After reading the text and learning that the true size was 2 x the plate depiction, I was convinced that I had indeed seen an Owl Moth. With the winds out of the southwest, Alan did not think the moth would leave the tip area, so at dusk we set out bait in an attempt to lure the rarity in. However, it did not reappear. If this record is indeed of the Owl Moth, it would be the fourth record for the species for Canada, according to Alan Wormington.

4.17 Butterfly Sampling in Algoma District by Prof. D.E. Gaskin On June 5 & 6, on the property of the Stokley Creek Lodge, at Karalash Cor­ ners, north of Sault Ste. Marie, Elizabeth Littler and I carried out a survey of the butterfly populations. This was done by means of a series of transects, over a 10 hour period, covering about 18 km in repetitions over about 6 km of tracks. The total number of butterflies seen was 344, and they were distributed as follows:

Erynnis juvenaTis 3 Everes amyntuTa 1 CarterocephaTus paTaemon 25 CeTastr1na Tadon 5 Hesperia comma 2 CTossiana seTene 84 Po Tites peckius 2 Phyclodes tharos 7 PoTites mystic 3 Nympha1is antlopa 2 PoTites themistocTes 16 Vanessa v1rglnlens1s 10 Poanes hobomok 50 Vanessa cardu i 10 pterourus gTaucus 26 BasiTarchla arthemis 2 Pieris napi 2 Meglsto cyme1a 73 Pieris virginiensis 9 Coenonympha inornata 6 CoTlas interlor 1 Danaus plexlppus 3 Strangely, not one specimen of P.rapae was seen! Other records for the same area in previous seasons (1989/90) include: T. TineoTa; P.rapae; C.phiTodlce; C.eurytheme; H.titus; S. Tiparops; S.cybeTe; S.aphrodlte; S.atTantis; N.j-aTbum; P.comma; E.anthedon and C.pegaTa. This gives 35 species for the locality to date, within a relatively brief time frame.

4.18 Record Early Butterfly Dates in 1991 by Alan Wormington No botanist, ornithologist or lepidopterist will argue that the spring of 1991 was very early in Ontario, probably earlier than ever previously recorded. As a result, a great many species of butterflies emerged on record-early dates for the province. To put this phenomenon on record, I contacted several active collectors across the province to ask for their early 1991 records. Once received, I deter­ mined if they were record-early and what the previous early date for Ontario was, including the year. These were primarily obtained from past T.E.A. annual summa­ ries (1969 - 1990 inclusive), plus a few additional sources (regional publications,

-26- databases covering the Hamilton and Point Pe1ee areas, and compilations from exami­ ning museum collections, etc.). A few problems exist with T.E.A. annual summaries as typographical errors undoubtedly exist; for example, some dates were listed as "June" that I'm sure should be "July." Many of these apparent errors had to be ignored, except in cases where terms such as "very early" were attached to the record. Excluding the listing of White Admiral (a subspecies) and Fiery Skipper (an immigrant), a total of 43 resident species (as listed below) were recorded during 1991 on record early dates for Ontario. The 43 species represent almost exactly one third of all species (about 126) that are considered resident in the province; this statistic is remarkable, as the earliest recorded dates for all remaining species have occurred during all other years combined. Several of the 1991 records are truly exceptional, and one must wonder how these species were capable of such rapid development to appear on these early dates. Extreme examples (compare these to the previous early date) include Cross Line Skipper and Little Glassy Wing in Windsor (June 8); Dun Skipper in Ori11ia (June 7) and Thunder Bay District (June 10); Viceroy in Windsor (May 11); and Northern Pearly-Eye in Thunder Bay District (June 14) -- all of these species hibernate as incomplete larva. The spring of 1991 was characterized as both warmer-than-usua1 and sunnier. An article published in The Toronto Star (December 31, 1991), based on downtown Toronto data collected by the Ontario Climate Centre, shows in graphical form above-average temperatures and sunshine for the first six months of 1991. More significantly, the charts show upward "blips" for temperature in May, and for sunshine during June; presumably these conditions were responsible for most of the early butterfly dates, as this is the main time for development in these species. Both 1977 and 1987 were also noted for very early butterfly occurrences; for example, note that on the list below 20 species were observed record-early in 1987 (prior to 1991). For 1977 Sidney M. Daniels stated (T.E.A. Occasional Publication #9-78, pages 11-12) "by July 1st, 37 of the 56 species encountered were earlier than any date I had personally seen .... on the average, each of the 37 butterflies were seen 10 days earlier than previously .... " He further states that southern Ontario received 20% more solar energy than normal during the spring of 1977; below normal snowfall through March and April probably allowed the ground to better absorb heat; and overnight frosts were few.

SDec;es Date (1991) Area CTEA code) OburverCs) Previous Record Date and Locality (Yu!:)

SILVER-SPOTTED SKIPPER April 28 (1 ) Windsor JLL May 19 (1990) SOUTHERN CLOUDY-WING May 20 (1) Windsor JLL May 27 (1990) NORTHERN CLOUDY-WING May 20 (1 ) Windsor JLL May 20 (1987) COLUMBINE DUSKY-WING Apr11 14 (1) Windsor JLL May 2 (1987) WILD INDIGO DUSKY-WING April 14 (1 ) Windsor JLL May 31 (1990) GRIZZLED SKIPPER May 19 (50) Matachewan LT May 24 (1987) LEAST SKIPPER May 28 (11 ) Harrisburg WL, KQ May 29 (1985) May 28 (11) Glanford Stn. AW May 28 (11 ) Sinclairville AW May 28 (12) Smithv111e AW EUROPEAN SKIPPER May 28 ( 12) Warner AW May 31 (1987) FIERY SKIPPER June 18 (1 ) La Sa". JLL July 29 (1988) PECK·S SKIPPER May 21 (11) Anca.t.r RHC May 23 (1985) TAWNY-EDGED SKIPPER May 22 (18) Cri.ff Bog KZ May 23 (1977) CROSS LINE SKIPPER June 8 (1 ) Windsor AW June 24 (1979, 1988) [also appeared by June 18 ;n (11) at We.tover and Hay••land] LONG DASH May 28 (11 ) Troy WL, KG May 28 (1977)

-27- LITTLE GLASSY WING June 8 (1) Windsor AW June 24 (1187) [also appeared by June 12 in (11) at Rockton] DELAWARE SKIPPER June 14 (1) Windsor KZ June 28 (1987) [also appeared by June 15 in (2) at Bothwell; and June 18 in (11) at westover] MULBERRY WING June 28 (15) Branchton KZ July 1 (1975, 1977) [also appeared by June 28 in (11) at Beverly SWaMp] HOBOMOK SKIPPER May 11 (1) Windsor JLL May 17 (1988, 1987) BROAD-WINGED SKIPPER June 19 (11) Mountaberg WL June 27 (1988) June 19 (11) Beverly SWaMP KZ DION SKIPPER June 19 (11) Mountaberg WL June 28 (1187) [a1ao appeared by June 22 in (1) at Windsor] DUKES' SKIPPER June 22 (1) Point Pel.. JLL, AW June 28 (1988) June 22 (1) Windsor JLL BLACK DASH June 27 (11) Sheffield WL July 3 (1187) TWO-SPOTTED SKIPPER June 14 (11) Sheffield WL June 15 (1978) DUN SKIPPER June 7 (35) Ori11ia KZ June 17 (19B7) [also appeared by June 10 in (52) at OUiMet; and June 17 in (11) at Va1ena]

HARVESTER May 5 (4) Wilson Tract RHC, KZ May 18 (1988) AMERICAN COPPER April 14 (1) Windsor JLL May 12 (1980) BRONZE COPPER May 20 (1) Windsor JLL May 28 (1978) BOG COPPER June 9 (8) London (Sifton Bog) DM June 18 (1971) [a1so appeared by June 18 in (11) at Copetown] DORCAS COPPER June 28 (15) Taylor Lake KZ June 28 (1988) CORAL HAIRSTREAK June 14 (12) Waterdown RHC June 19 (1987) ACADIAN HAIRSTREAK June 15 (1) Windsor AW, JLL June 23 (1987) [also appeared by June 18 in (11) at Dundas Valley] EDWARD'S HAIRSTREAK June 15 (1) Windsor JLL, AW June 25 (1988) BANDED HAIRSTREAK June 14 (1) Harrow KZ June 14 (1987) OLIVE HAIRSTREAK May 20 (24) Shannonville RHC, !MD, KZ May 23 (1977) BOG ELFIN May 19 (44) Alfred Bog RAL,RHC,SMD,KZ May 22 (1982) GT. SPANGLED FRITILLARY May 26 (1) Windsor JLL June 15 (1988) [also appeared by May 31 in (7) at Walpole I.land] SILVERY CHECKERSPOT May 5 (1) Windsor JLL May 15 (1990) TAWNY CRESCENT May 22 (17) Halton County Forest KZ May 31 (1988, 1987) BALTIMORE June 12 (11) Rockton WL, AW June 13 (1987) WHITE ADMIRAL June 1 (11) Hyde Tract WL, KAM, 8M June 1 (1977) VICEROY May 11 (1) Windsor JLL May 23 (1985) HACKBERRY BUTTERFLY June 15 (1) Point Pel.. RHC, KZ June 19 (1987) June 15 (1) Harrow AW

NORTHERN PEARLY-EYE June 12 (11) Rockton AW, WL June 18 (1949, 1987) [also appeared by June 14 in (52) at OUill8t] NORTHERN EYED-BROWN June 5 (11) We.tover AW June 8 (1987) APPALACHIAN EYED-BROWN June 5 (11) We.tover AW June 6 (1987) BLUE-EYED GRAYLING June 18 (1) La Sa"e JLL June 22 (1977) [also appeared by June 18 in (11) at We.tover and Haye.land]

4.19 Rearing Notes from Northumberland County, 1991 by Dr. W.J.D. Eberlie The American Painted lady (V. virginiensis) was abundant again in North­ umberland Co. this year after having been seen rarely in the previous few years.

-28- The number of clumps of the food-plant, Pearly Everlasting (Ansphslis msrgsri­ tSC8S) has also declined in recent years in the southern part of the county, due to being over-grown by shrubs or to road development etc. However, I first saw this butterfly on May 22 and on June 8 in the Ganaraska Forest I was lucky enough to see a female intent on ovipositing on Pearly Everlasting. I watched it lay an egg on the underside of a leaf and picked the whole plant in order to have a closer look, whereupon the female followed the plant up to my eye level and pro­ ceeded to try and lay another egg, unsuccessfully, just in front of my eyes. I was unable to clearly see the egg with my naked eye but at home with the aid of a microscope, I found the pale green egg well hidden under the dense hairs of the underside of the leaf. Later, I found many more larvae on the stems of the food­ plant I had collected. In fact, every clump of the plant that I found had some larvae concealed in nests of leaves. This year the larvae that I collected did not have the orange or red spots at the base of the dorsal spines as is described in the literature. Later in the summer, after my larvae had pupated, I did find another group in Northumberland Forest with these more typical red spots. Many of my larvae had been attacked by parasitic wasps and only three adults emerged! The Painted Lady (V. csrdui) was also common this year, being first seen in Northumberland Co. on June 4th. Later in the month, larvae were very common on Bull Thistles (Cirsium vulgsre), but I found none on other species of thistle. Bull Thistle is certainly the most prickly of thistles and with the nest that the larvae make in the leaves of the food-plant, they should certainly be well protec­ ted from birds and humans, but not from parasitic wasps. Of the seven larvae I reared to pupation, only one adult successfully emerged, wasps emerging from the remainder. The Spring Azure (C. lsdon) was out in good numbers in May of this year, especially in Northumberland Forest and the Oak Ridge Moraine area of the county. One of the plants that I have seen females of this species ovipositing on is New Jersey Tea (Cesnothus smericsns). Like most things, it flowered early this year, and so toward the end of June I started searching the flower heads for larvae. Eventually I found one, not in or on a flower head, but on a flower stem, and as it was only 3 mm long, I felt it was quite an achievement. I then collected a bunch of flower heads for the larvae to feed on and on arrival home, found that these flower heads concealed another four larvae. A week later, I found another larva being attended by ants. This reminded me of my school days when the closely related C. srgiolus used to be common and I would find larvae quite easily on the buds of English Ivy in late September, being guided to them by the streams of black ants attending them. So far, none of the pupae that I have obtained by rearing have survived the winter, which is strange in what is so clearly a hardy species, nor have any second brood adults emerged from them. ******************** 5. GENERAL SUMMARY OF ONTARIO LEPIDOPTERA IN 1991. 1991 was a year during which many exciting new records were reported and the knowledge of the Ontario butterfly and moth fauna was increased. Intensive field work was undertaken by many observers and our overall data base was increased. Examples are the work of Lloyd Taman in the Temiskaming District and Bill Lamond and Alan Wormington in the Hamilton/Wentworth Study area. Other workers ranged far and wide collecting the additional data which forms the basis of this summary. The overall weather patterns contributed a great deal to the picture, with temperatures above normal from April to August and an early start to the summer, which arrived about a month early! There were huge variations in rainfall, though

-29- some areas were much dryer than normal. The warm weather extended into September, when temperatures dipped in most areas. However, there was a heat wave in mid­ month which appeared to affect the 1epidoptera. Some outstanding records were the Oco1a Skipper (Panoquina ocola), found in both the Hamilton and Point Pe1ee areas, and the Brazilian Skipper (Ca7podes ethlius) at Point Pe1ee. Also seen at Point Pe1ee by Tim Sabo was an Owl Moth (Thysania zenobia) and a Black Witch (Asca7apha odorata) was seen in the Toronto area by Fred Bodsworth, the well-known naturalist. Kirk Zufelt found three speci­ mens of the elusive Garita Skipper, which had not been reported since 1978. The Fiery Skipper had a banner year, appearing as early as June 14 in Windsor, and being found in many localities in great numbers. Two new moths, (Stiriodes obtusa and Ca70thysanis amaturaria), both first Canadian records, were found by Mike Matheson in Point Pe1ee National Park and another (Thioptera nigrofimbria) was discovered by Alan Wormington and a TEA group on an August field trip. Searches were made in the Port Franks and St. Williams localities for the Karner Blue and Frosted Elfin butterflies. Two adults of the Karner Blue were seen in the St. Williams locality, but none in the Port Franks area, and the Frosted Elfin was not reported. Both species were placed on the Endangered Species list in 1990. The West Virginia White was found in a number of new localities in 1991, but some of the areas where it was previously known were lost through activities of commercial operations. This appeared to be a result of the species being removed from the Endangered Species list in 1990. The two year study being made on the species for the Ministry of Natural Resources was finished in 1991, and the report on the study is now completed. Overall, populations appeared to be reduced when compared to levels recorded in 1990. The Inornate Ringlet continued its southwesterly range expansion, with re­ cords being made for both Middlesex (one specimen at Thedford) and Lambton Coun­ ties (specimens near Corbett and at Parkhill Dam). The spread of this species has been detailed in a number of past TEA summaries. A good deal of work was carried out on the Monarch in 1991, with surveys being carried out by Provincial Park personnel. Populations appear to have been undergoing a decline in the past few years, but their levels appeared to increase in 1991, possibly as a result of the warmer conditions pertaining throughout the province. The butterflies were still at Presqu'i1e Provincial Park in October. A new food plant was recorded for the Old World Swallowtail at Longridge Point on the west coast of James Bay. This was submitted by Bob Curry, who spent some time as a volunteer with the Ministry of Natural Resources Wildlife Assessment Project on the Sub-Arctic Coast. Range extensions or new localities were reported for a number of species, including: Euch70e ausonides; Co7ias pa7aeno; Strymon 7iparops; Lycaeides idas; Coenonympha inornata; Cercyonis pegala and Oeneis chryxus. Another exciting addition to the Summary is the Continuous Cyclical Report of Moths in Ontario, 1986-1991, compiled by Duncan Robertson. The list starts with the families Eriocraniidae to Drepanidae and will continue in future editions of the Annual Summary. The aim is to cover all the family records and then go back to the beginning and update the listing. ********************

-30- Male Fiery Skipper (Hyleph1la phyleus) at Brunet Park, Windaor, Sept. 24, 1991 (J. Larson).

Variegated Fritillary (Euptoteta claUdia) larva & Pupa at La Salle, Sept. 4, 1991 (J. Larson).

-31- 6. 1991 SUMMARY OF ONTARIO BUTTERFLIES AND SKIPPERS. Superfamily: HESPERIOIDEA Latreille Family: HESPERIIDAE Latreille Subfamily: Pyrg1nae Burmeister Genus IV: Epargyreus HUbner 2. Epargyreus c7arus (Cramer) SILVER SPOTTED SKIPPER a) c. c7arus (Cramer) - (TL - Dayton, Rockingham Co., Virginia) In 1991 - Brighton (22) July 12 (nectaring on Purple Loosestrife), Hortop C.A. (22) July 28 (also on Purple Loosestrife)(WJDE); St. Williams (4) May 28 (3)(KS); Toronto (19)(Rouge Valley) June 20 (6), July 23 (2), (Warden Woods) July 11 (2) (JPX); St. Williams (4)(Manestra Property) June 23 (1)(QFH); Collingwood (35) June 10, Long Point (4) June 15, 29, 30 (5 each day), July 14 (fresh), 20 (TS); Walpole Is. (7) May 31 (20)(KZ); Point Pe1ee (1) June 15 (1)(RC+KZ); Bowden's Woods (3)(3 km SW of Thamesvi11e) June 23 (2)(RC+GB); Oriskany (5) July 14 (1)(RC+VE+JO); St. Williams (4) July 17 (2)(RC+KZ); Branchton (15) June 21 (2), Dundas Valley (11) June 26 (2), Osborne Corners (10)(3 km NW of) June 29 (2), Dundas (11) July 7 (2), Oriskany (5) July 12 (3), Port Maitland (4) July 12 (3), Brantford (10)(Waterworks Park) July 16 (1)(RC); Toronto (19)(waterfront) July 12 (2), Scarborough (19)(Rouge River) July 15 (1 nectaring at Purple Loosestrife)(WE); Co. Brant (10)(36 Winter Way) June 9 (1 fresh), (1.8 km SW of Hwy. 403 & 2) July 7 (3)(WL); Windsor (1) (Black Oak) April 28 (1)(JL); Windsor (1)(Springarden Prairie) June 8 (12 fresh), Point Pe1ee (1)(N. of Tilden's Woods) June 23 (25 fresh), (Sparrow Field) Aug. 3 (1 fresh)(AW); Ka1adar Twp. (25)(rai1bed, 1 km E• Hwy. 41) June 10 (2)(RAL). Genus XV: Acha1arus Scudder 1. Acha7arus 7yciades (Geyer) HOARY EDGE [TL - "Bahia" (error), type probably lost] In 1991 - no reports. Genus XVI: Thorybes Scudder 1. Thorybes bathy77us (J.E. Smith) SOUTHERN CLOUDY WING - (TL - Georgia) In 1991 - St. Williams (4)(Manestra Property) June 23 (1 C at Vetch flowers) (QFH); Walpole Is. (7) May 31 (2 fr~sh)(KZ); Windsor (1)(Brunet Pk.) May 20 (1), (Springarden Prairie) Oct. 8 (2)(JL); Smokey Falls (53) June 8 (1)(GD); Windsor (1)(Springarden Prairie) June 8 (5 fresh M)(AW). 2. Thorybes py7ades (Scudder) NORTHERN CLOUDY WING - (TL - probably Mass.) In 1991 - St. Williams (4) June 5 (KS); Toronto (19)(Rouge Valley) June 20 (2)(JPX); Pinery Park (7) June 2 (4), 9 (1)(Gordon Vogg via Terry Crabe); Long Point (4) June 29 (1 worn)(TS); Port Franks (7) May 28 (8), Walpole Is. (7) May 31 (15 worn)(KZ); Bowden's Woods (3)(3 km SW of Thamesvi11e) June 23 (1)(RC+GB); Oris­ kany (5) June 2 (8), July 12 (2)(RC); Toronto (19)(Lambton Mills) June 17 (a few) (WE); Guelph Jct. (17)(0.8 km S of) June 19 (1)(WL); Branchton Prairie (15) June 9 (KM); Windsor (1)(Springarden Prairie) May 20 (1 dwarf)(JL); Windsor (1)(Spring­ garden Prairie) June 8 (35 fresh M), Hamilton (11)(Kings Forest Pk.) June 18 (8 fairly fresh), 27 (1 M not fresh), Rock Chapel (11)(at RR) July 10 (1 worn)(AW); Big Yerkie Lake (25)(at Hwy. 28) June 20 (1)(RAL); Constance Lake (42)(1 km N of) July 6 (1)(PH).

-32- Genus XXV: Staphylus Godman 3. Staphy7us hayhurstii (W.H.Edwards) SOUTHERN SOOTY WING - (TL - vic. Sedalia, MO) In 1991 - search conducted on Pelee Island (1) during peak time without success (KZ). Genus XXXVII: Erynnis Schrank 1. Erynnis iee7us (Scudder & Burgess) DREAMY DUSKY WING - (TL - New England) In 1991 - St. Williams (4) May 14 (3), 18 (8), 28 (KS); Manitoulin Is. (45) (Robinson Twp.) May 29 - June 3 (2)(MH+NI); Algonquin Park (47) May 18 (KZ+RC+SD); Matachewan (50) May 21 (100+)(KZ+LT); Orillia (35) June 4 (1 - first record for Simcoe Co.), Moosonee (53) June 22 (5)(KZ); Algonquin Park (47) May 18 (8 ex fresh) (RC+SD+KZ); Oriskany (5) June 2 (2), Bruces (10)(ENE of) July 1 (1)(RC); Crieff Bog (16) June 1 (40)(KM+WL); June 15(2)(KM); Windsor (1)(Springarden Prairie) May 20 (8)(JL); Cairo & Morel Twp. (50) May 21 - June 2 (5 to 50+), Cochrane (53) June 15 (several)(LT); Windsor (1)(Springarden Prairie) May 11 (1 ex fresh)(AW+WL); Hep­ worth (33)(4i km N at Hwy. 6) June 18 (1)(RAL); Huntley Twp.(42)(Long Swamp) May 20 (1)(PH). 2. Erynnis brizo (Boisduval & Leconte) SLEEPY DUSKY WING - (TL - not stated) a) b. brizo (Boisduval & Leconte) In 1991 - St.Williams (4) April 30, May 18 (KS); Manitoulin (45)(Robinson Twp.) May 29 - June 3 (2)(MH+NI); St. Williams (4) May 1 (1), Caistorville (12)(3.5 km W of) May 4 (1)(KZ); NRCA Forest (5) May 4 (1)(RC+JO+KZ); St. Williams (4) May 5 (4), Wilson Tract (4) May 5 (1)(RC+KZ); St. Williams (4) May 11 (5)(RC+GB+CW+SW); Wind­ sor (1)(Springarden Prairie) May 20 (2)(JL). 3. Erynnis juvena7is (Fabricius) JUVENAL'S DUSKY WING a) j. juvena7is (Fabricius) - (TL - probably Georgia) In 1991 - Brantford (10)(Grand R. N of Hwy. 403) May 10, 14 (4), St. Williams (4) May 14 (common), 18 (50), 28, Port Franks (7)(Sanctuary) May 15, 19 (KS); Port Franks (7)(Sanctuary) May 14, Long Point (4) May 17, 19, Halton Co. Forest (17) May 22 (TS); St. Williams (4) May 5 (5)(KZ+RC); Caistorville Woods (12) May 4 (M & F) (RC+JO); St. Williams (4) May 11 (17)(RC+GB+CW+SW); Shannonville (24) May 20 (1) (RC+SD+KZ); Rockton (11)(Patterson Tract) May 29 (10), Oriskany (5) June 2 (12), Troy (11) June 8 (1 worn)(RC); Fould's Tract (10) May 18 (12), Glen Morris (10)(2.5 km SSE of) May 19 (6)(WL+KG); Branchton Prairie (15) June 9 (1), Crieff Bog (16) June 15 (1)(KM); St. Williams (4) May 10 (4)(GD+GW); Minden (39)(T.S.) May 27 (1) (RLB); Windsor (1)(Springarden Prairie) May 11 (10 ex fresh-worn)(AW+WL); Sinclair­ ville (11)(2 km NW of) May 28 (35 worn)(AW); Point Pelee (1)(The Dunes) May 4 (1 ex fresh - record early for Pelee)(BHE+AJ); Antrim (42)(5i km SE) May 12 (3)(RAL); Huntley Twp.(42)(Long Swamp) May 20 (few)(PH). 8. Erynnis horatius (Scudder & Burgess) HORACE'S DUSKY WING (TL - New England, Texas) In 1991 - Pelee Island (1)(Fish Point) Aug. 21 (1 fresh M)(KZ); Point Pelee (1) Aug. 12 (1 fresh M, 2nd brood - 4th Pelee record - no other Erynnis seen)(RC+GB+ GD+SD); LaSalle (1) Aug. 23 (1)(JL); Point Pelee (1)(W side of Tip) July 14 (1 fairly fresh F- 3rd Point Pelee record)(AW).

-33- 10. Erynnis martia7is (Scudder) MOTTLED DUSKY WING (TL - New Jefferson, Dallas Co., Iowa) In 1990 - Waterdown (17)(SW of) June 21 (l)(RC). In 1991 - Ipperwash (7) May 15 (KS); 13. Erynnis funera7is (Scudder) ZARUCCO DUSKY WING - (TL - Texas) In 1991 - no reports. 14. Erynnis 7uci7ius (Scudder & Burgess) COLUMBINE DUSKY WING (TL - New England) In 1991 - Manitoulin (45)(Robinson Twp.) May 29 - June 3 (1), Aug. 4 - 10 (common) (MH+NI); Halton Co. Forest (17) May 22 & 23 (1 each day), Crieff Bog (16) June 9 (5), Kirkfield (36)(5 km NE of) July 16 (20 fresh), 27 (30 mostly worn)(TS); Orillia (35) June 4 (4), Carden Twp.(36)(Alvar) July 21 (50)(KZ); Waterdown (17)(SW of) June 14 (4), Oriskany (5) July 12 (6)(RC); Oriskany (5) July 14 (RC+VE+JO); Windsor (l)(Springarden Prairie) April 14 (3), Oct. 8 (1), (Brunet Pk.) Sept. 7 (4) (JL); North Bay (47)(Himsworth Cone. 28) July 13 (2)(LT); Carden (36)(Alvar) May 12 (3), Big Chute (38) July 21 (l)(RLB); Valens (11)(4 km E of) May 8 (1 ex fresh), Windsor (l)(Springarden Prairie) May 11 (4 ex fresh), June 8 (1 worn - end of 1st brood), Rockton Tract (11) May 14 (fresh M& F in copula), Beverly Hills Trailer Park (11) July 6 (1 fresh - start of 2nd brood)(AW); Hayesland (11)(i km SW of) Aug. 22 (1 ragged - end of 2nd brood)(AW+WL); Fitzroy Hbr. (42)(4 km ENE of) May 12 (2)(RAL); Huntley Twp.(42)(Long Swamp) May 20 (12), Constance Lake (42)(1 km N of) July 6 (2)(PH). 15. Erynnis baptisiae (Forbes) WILD INDIGO DUSKY WING (TL - Wood's Hole, Mass.) In 1991 - Windsor (l)(Springarden Prairie) June 8 (1 fresh), Point Pelee (l)(W side of Tip) June 16 (1 fairly fresh - 2nd Point Pelee record)(AW); Walpole Is. (7) May 31 (25), Point Pelee (1) Sept. 17 (3rd Point Pelee record) & 30 (KZ); Point Pelee (1) Sept. 21 (1 ex. fresh F- probably 3rd brood - only the 4th record from Pelee)(RC+SD+AW); Windsor (l)(Springarden Prairie) April 14 (8), Sept. 7 (5), Oct. 18 (3), (Black Oak) May 12 (20)(JL). 17. Erynnis persius (Scudder) PERSIUS DUSKY WING - (TL - New England) In 1973 - Timmins (53) June 6 (1 M)(AMH). In 1991 - Moosonee (53) June 23 (3), 24 (4)(KZ). Genus XXXVIII: Pyrgus HUbner 1. Pyrgus centaureae (Rambur) GRIZZLED SKIPPER a) c. freija (Warren) - (TL - Labrador) In 1991 - near Matachewan (50) May 21 (30)(KZ+LT); Fraserdale (53)(5 km S of) June 8 (1), (35 km N of) June 8 (2)(SD+GD); Flavelle Twp. (50) May 19 (6 fresh), 21 (20 fresh), 28 & 29 (5 - 10, some worn)(LT); Smooth Rock Falls (53)(6.3 km E on Hwy. 11) May 25 (4 ex fresh to not fresh)(AW). 5. Pyrgus communis (Grote) CHECKERED SKIPPER - (TL - Central Alabama) In 1991 - no reports.

-34- Genus XLI: Pholisora Scudder 1. Pho7isora catu77us (Fabricius) COMMON SOOTY WING - (TL - probably Georgia) In 1991 - Port Franks (7)(Sanctuary) July 9, 14, Aug. 21 (KS); Long Point (4) May 25 (fresh), June 15, July 14, 20, Aug. 25, Crieff Bog (16) June 8 (worn), Kirk­ field (36)(5 km NE of) June 9 (worn), Point Pelee (1) Aug. 4 (fresh)(TS); Walpole Is. (7) May 31 (1)(KZ); Bowden's Woods (3)(3 km SW of Thamesville) June 23 (1)(RC +GB); Brantford (10)(Powerline Rd. at Grand R.) June 29 (1), Smithville (12) July 12 (4), Shep's Subd. (15) July 16 (1)(RC); Smithville (12) July 14 (3)(RC+VE+JO); Toronto (19)(waterfront) July 12 (2 - 1 nectaring at Indian Hemp); Co. Brant (10) (36 Winter Way) June 15 (2), Sept. 1 (1), (0.8 km S of W. Brantford) July 7 (6), (1.1 - 1.8 km SW of Hwy. 403 & 2) July 7 (6)(WL); Queensway Drive July 20 (1)(WL+ JG+MG); Osborne Crs. (3.5 km WNW of) Aug. 16 (1)(WL+KG); Burlington Beach (17) July 6 (1)(WL+KG+KM); Dutton Prairie (3) July 17 (1)(SD+GB); Point Pelee Park (1)(Visi­ tor Centre Septic Field) July 14 (1 fresh) 21 (1 worn - same specimen as 14th?), July 27 (1 fairly fresh), Aug. 3 (1 fresh)(AW); (west side of Tip) Aug. 10 (1 ex fresh)(AW+KZ). Subfamily Heteropterinae Aurivillius Genus XLII: Carterocephalus Lederer 1. Carterocepha7us pa7aemon (Pallas) ARCTIC SKIPPER a) p. mandan (W.H. Edwards) - (TL - Lake Winnipeg) In 1991 - Cavan Bog (37) June 8 (WJDE); Halton Co. Forest (17) May 23, Crieff Bog (16) June 8, Kirkfield (36)(5 km NE of) June 9 (few), Port Perry (21)(Lagoons) June 9 (few)(TS); Burns C.A. (17)(2 km N of) May 22 (1), Iroquois Falls (53) June 20 (1)(KZ); Beverley Swamp (11) May 28 (1)(RC); Hanmer (49) June 1 (4), Fraserdale (53)(13 km S of) June 9 (1)(GD); Flavelle Twp. (50) May 28 (1), Cochrane (53) June 16 & 16 (several)(LT); Sparrow Lake (38) May 28 (1), Parry Sound (46) (T.S.) May 28 (3)(RLB); Smooth Rock Falls (53)(13 km E on Hwy 11) May 25 (1 ex fresh), Puslinch (11)(2 km E of) June 4 (2 ex fresh)(AW); Lake Medad (11)(i km S of) May 29 (6 ex fresh), Rockton (11)(3 km Wof) May 29 (1 ex fresh)(AW+WL). Subfamily Hesperiinae Latreille Genus LVI: Ancyloxypha C. Felder 1. Ancy70xypha numitor (Fabricius) LEAST SKIPPER - (TL - eastern U.S.) In 1991 - Cavan Bog (37) June 8, several places in Northumberland Co. during June & August (WJDE); Toronto (19)(Todmorden Mills) June 5 (6), (Glendon College) Aug. 1 (4), Hilton Falls (17) Aug. 11 (1)(JPX); Ben Miller (13)(Sharp's Creek) June 29 (1)(QFH); Long Point (4) May 25 (1 fresh), June 15, Kirkfield (36)(5 km NE of) June 9, July 16 (worn), Point Pelee (1) Aug. 4 (10 fresh), 11 (several)(TS); Wal­ pole Is. (7) May 31 (2)(KZ); Caistorville Woods (12) June 1 (3), Burlington Beach Canal (17) Sept. 30 (1)(RC); Hurkett (52) July 4 (3)(RC+GB+JO+AW); Ottawa (42)(Hwy. 16 Wildlife Garden) Aug. 6 (few)(PH); Co. Brant (10) (36 Winter Way) June 15 (4), (0.8 km S of W.Brantford) July 7 (1 - 2nd brood)(WL); Grimsby (12)(Sewage Ponds) July 21 (2 fresh)(WL+KM); Smithville (12)(Sewage Ponds) June 8 (3), July 27 (10) (KM); Branchton Prairie (15) June 9 (10)(KM); Hillman Marsh (1) Aug. 12 (3)(GD); Amherst Is.(25) July 31 (10), Elgin (27) Aug. 1 (several)(LT); Harrisburg (11) May 28 (WL+KG); Glanford Stn. (11)(2 km NE of) May 28 (2 ex fresh M), Sinclairville (11)(2 km NW of) May 28 (1 ex fresh M), Smithville (12)(Lagoons) May 28 (1 ex

-35- fresh), Mount Hope (11)(3 km S of) June 25 (1 worn - end of 1st brood), Rockton (11)(1i km NE of) July 11 (1 ex fresh - start of 2nd brood)(AW). Note: May 28 dates above are record early (AW). Genus LVII: Oarisma Scudder 2. Oarisma garita (Reakirt) GARITA SKIPPER - (TL - Rocky Mts., CO) In 1991 - Birch Island (45) June 25 (3 very fresh - 1 C & deposited in SO coll.)(KZ). Genus LX: Thymelicus HUbner 1. Thyme7icus 7ineo7a (Ochsenheimer) EUROPEAN SKIPPER - (TL - Germany) In 1991 - abundant as usual, first seen remarkably early at Cavan Bog (37) June 8 (WJDE); Toronto (19)(Todmorden Mills) June 7 (1), (Rouge Valley) June 15 (20), 20 (100) (JPX); Manitoulin (45)(Robinson Twp.) June 29 - July 4 (abundant)(MH+NI); Crieff Bog (16) June 8, Kirkfield (36)(5 km NE of) June 9, July 16, Port Perry (21) June 9, Collingwood (35) June 10 (several), Brampton (18) June 17 - 27 (a least 1 each day)(TS); Windsor (1) June 14 (50), Manitoulin (45) June 25 (1000's)(KZ); Oriskany (5) June 2 (2), Shep's Subd.(15) July 16 (1), Moosonee (53) July 22 (120), Moose Factory (53) Aug. 3 (1) (RC); Hurkett (52) July 4 (80)(RC+GB+JO+AW); Toronto (19)(Don River) June 27 (3), (waterfront) July 12 (fairly common)(WE); Ottawa (42) (Hwy. 16 Wildlife Garden) June 22 (many), Constance Lake (42)(1 km N of) July 6 (1) (PH); Co. Brant (10)(36 Winter Way) June 15 (300)(WL); Burlington Beach (17) July 6 (10) (WL+KG+KM); Caistorville Woods (12) June 8 (6), Smithville (12)(Sewage Ponds) June 8 (3), 16 (200), July 27 (1), Branchton Pro (15) June 9 (1), 29 (10), Crieff Bog (16) June 15 (50)(KM); New Liskeard (50) to Fraserdale (53) June 20 - July 22 (common) (LT); Orillia (35)(T.S.) June 14 & 15 (400+), Axe Lake (38) June 24 (2) (RLB); Warner (12) May 28 (1 ex fresh - record early date for Ontario), Point Pelee Park (1)(Visitor Centre to Wside of Tip) June 9 (30 ex fresh - record early date for Pelee), large numbers in most areas, up to 500 at Rockton (11) on June 21 (AW). Genus LXI: Hylephila Billberg 1. Hy7ephi7a phy7eus (Drury) FIERY SKIPPER - (TL - Antigua) In 1991 - Point Pelee (1) Aug. 4 (1 fresh Malong Wside of tip)(TS); Pelee Is. (1) Aug. 21 (1), Sept. 21 (1), Point Pelee (1) Sept.17 (10), 22 (35), 30 (10), Oct. 18 (2), Hamilton (11)(RBG Teaching Gardens) Sept. 9 (5), (near RBG Arboretum) Sept. 12 (1), (RBG Laking Garden) Sept. 29 (1), (RBG Rose Garden) Oct. 9 (1), Windsor (1) (Brunet Park) Sept. 30 (2)(KZ); Point Pelee (1) Sept. 7 (5), 22 (25)(RC+AW+KZ); Point Pelee (1) Sept. 21 (38 fresh)(RC+SD+AW); Leamington (1) Sept. 22 (15)(RC+AW); Hamilton (11)(RBG Teaching Gardens) Sept. 8 (2), Oct. 3 (2) (RC); Point Pelee (1) Sept. 7 (5), 21 (38), 22 (25), Leamington (1) Sept. 22 (15) (RC+SD+AW+KZ); LaSalle (1) June 16 (1 worn M), Windsor (1)(Springarden Prairie) Aug. 4 (1 fresh M), (Bru­ net Pk.) Sept. 14 (137), 21 (73), Kingsville (1) Sept. 29 (1 M), LaSalle (1) Oct. 18 (3) (JL); Hamilton (11)(RBG Gardens) Sept. 11 (3)(SD+RC); (RBG Teaching Gardens) Sept. 14 (2)(SD); Point Pelee (1)(Visitor Centre S.F.) Aug. 3 (1 ex fresh M), (W Beach to Sparrow Field) Sept. 8 (6 ex fresh), 28 & 29 (15 fresh to worn each day), (W side of Tip) Oct. 14 (1 ex fresh M), 17 (1 ex fresh F), 23 (fairly fresh M & F)(AW); (Tip area) Oct. 3 (20 fresh to worn)(AW+KAM), Leamington (1) Sept. 22 (15 fresh to worn)(AW+RC).

-36- Genus LXV: Hesperia Fabricius 3. Hesperia comma (Linnaeus) LAURENTIAN SKIPPER a) c. manitoba (Scudder) - (TL - Colorado; Canada) b) c. 7aurentina (Lyman) - (TL - Lower St. Lawrence River, Canada) c) c. borea7is Lindsey - (TL - Nain, Labrador) In 1991 - Manitoulin (45)(Robinson Twp.) Aug. 4 - 10 (ssp. 7aurentina common) (MH+NI); Algonquin Prov.Park (47) Aug. 18 (1 not worn on Mizzy Lake trai1)(TS); Iroquois Falls (53)(25 km Wof) July 28 (6)(KZ); Nellie Lake (53) July 19 (2 ex. fresh), Moosonee (53) July 20 (1 ex. fresh)(RC); Manitoulin (45)(S. Baymouth) Aug. 24 (16)(SD+GD); Matachewan (50) July 19 (several), Smooth Rock Falls (53)(Hwy. 634 N of) July 22 (2), Cairo & Eby Twp. (50) Aug. 4 - 9 (common)(LT). 6. Hesperia 7eonardus Harris LEONARDUS SKIPPER - (TL - Massachusetts) In 1991 - Baltimore (22) Aug. 25, Sept. 2 (several nectaring on Joe-Pye Weed) (WJDE); Bobcaygeon (37) Aug.12, Haliburton (39)(Ingo1dsby area) Aug. 31 (5 on aster f10wers)(BH); Port Franks (7)(meadow) Aug. 21, 22, Ipperwash (7) Aug. 24 (2)(KS); Long Point (4) Aug.25 (2), Sept. 7 (1)(TS); Ori11ia (35) Aug. 14 (1)(KZ); Sheffield (11)(SW of) Aug. 23 (1)(RC); Windsor (1)(Brunet Pk.) Sept. 14 (1 F)(JL); Manitoulin (45)(S. Baymouth) Aug. 24 (4), Fenelon Falls (36) Sept. 1 (2)(SD+GD); Dwight (38) (bog) Aug. 8 (1)(RLB). 16. Hesperia sassacus Harris INDIAN SKIPPER a) s. sassacus (Harris) - (TL - Massachusetts) b) s. manitoba (Fletcher) - (TL - Nipigon and Sudbury) In 1991 - Collingwood (35) June 1 & 2 (1 each day)(TS); Crieff Bog (16) May 22 (6), Beverley Swamp Cons. Area (11)(Hyde Tract) June 2 (10)(KZ); Rockton (11)(W of) May 28 (1 fresh M)(RC); Crieff Bog (16) June 1 (6)(WL+KM); Ori11ia (35)(T.S.) June 5 (1)(RLB); Fitzroy Hbr. (42)(4 km ENE of) June 1 (1), Beachburg (40)(2 km S of) June 8 (3), Hopetown (41)(2.6 km Wof) June 9 (few)(RAL); Lake Medad (11)(i km S of) May 29 (1 ex fresh M), Rockton (11)(3 km Wof) May 29 (1 ex fresh), Hayes1and (11)(1 km SW of) June 12 (1 M& 2 F worn)(AW+ WL); Westover (11)(1i km Wof) June 5 (1 ex fresh F), (1 km NW of) June 5 (1 worn M), Hayes1and (11)(1 km SW of) June 7 (2 worn F), (3i km SW of) June 18 (1 M& 1 F - both ragged)(AW); . (Note: A single previous record exists for the Hami1ton\Wentworth area on June 10, 1962 - a female recorded by A.M. Holmes.) Genus LXVI: Polites Scudder 1. Po7ites peckius (W. Kirby) PECK'S SKIPPER - (TL - North America) In 1991 - St. Williams (4) May 28 (KS); Toronto (19)(Rouge Valley) June 20 (1), (Glendon College) Aug.1 (1), 8 (1)(JPX); Long Point (4) June 15 (10), 29 (several), Kirkfie1d (36)(5 km NE of) July 16 (1 fresh pair)(TS); Walpole Is. (1) May 31 (1), Hamilton (11)(RBG Teaching Gardens) Sept. 29 (KZ); Ancaster (11) May 21 (1), Nellie Lake (53) July 19 (2), Hamilton (11)(RBG Teaching Gardens) Oct. 3 (1 fresh F)(RC); Toronto (19)(back garden) Aug. 4 (1 fresh nectaring at Purple Budd1eia)(WE); Co. Brant (10)(Queensway Dr.) July 20 (2)(WL+JG+MG); Shore Acres Pk.(17) June 8, Crieff Bog (16) June 15 (1)(KM); Hamilton (11)(RBG Teaching Gardens) Sept. 11 (4)(SD+RC), 14 (2)(SD); Morel Twp. (50) May 31 (8), Cairo Twp. (50) June 2 (several), Smooth Rock Falls (53)(Hwy. 634 N of) July 22 (severa1)(LT); Leamington (1)(SE of) Oct. 23 (1 not fresh F- record late date for Ontario)(AW); Bon Echo Provo Park (25)(7.4 km N on Hwy. 41) June 30 (1)(RAL); Huntley Twp.(42)(Long Swamp) July 6 (few)(PH).

-37- 6. Po7ites themistoc7es (Latreille) TAWNY EDGED SKIPPER (TL - "Amerique meridionale") In 1991 - Toronto (19)(Rouge Valley) June 15 (4), 20 (5), (Warden Woods) July 11 (1), Mud Lake (6)(nr. Port Colborne) Aug. 4 (l)(JPX); Manitoulin (45)(Robinson Twp.) June 29 - July 4 (2)(MH+NI); Long Point (4) June 29, Kirkfield (36)(5 km NE of) July 27 (very worn)(TS); Huntley Twp.(42)(Long Swamp) July 6 (l)(PH); Crieff Bog (16) May 22, Halton Co. Forest (17) May 22 (l)(KZ); Ancaster (11) (Martin's Lane) May 23 (2), Nellie Lake (53) July 19 (6), Rockton (11)(Patterson Tract SW of) Aug. 23 (l)(RC); Smithville (12)(Sewage Ponds) Aug. 17 (l)(RD+BCh+KM); Branchton Prairie (15) June 29 (1), Crieff Bog (16) June 15 (12)(KM); Hamilton (11) (RBG Teaching Gardens) Sept. 14 (1 worn M)(SD); Cairo Twp. (50) June 23 (l)(LT); Orillia (35)(T.S.) June 7 (2)(RLB); Dundas Valley (11)(Weir's Lane) May 27 (1 ex fresh M), Rockton (11)(4 km NW of) June 28 (5 ex fresh M- start of 2nd brood)(AW).

7. Po7ites origenes (Fabricius) CROSSLINE SKIPPER a) o. origenes (Fabricius) - (TL - probably New York) In 1991 - Toronto (19)(Rouge Valley) June 20 (2)(JPX); Kirkfield (36)(5 km NE of) July 17 (8 worn)(TS); Hamilton (11)(near RBG Arboretum) Sept. 12 (2)(KZ); Branchton (15) June 21 (1 fresh M), Oriskany (5) July 12 (1), Shep's Subd. (15) July 16 (2)(RC); Bowden's Woods (3)(3 km SW of Thamesville) June 23 (l)(RC+GB); Co. Brant (10)(1.1 km SSW of Hwy. 403 & 2) July 7 (1 worn M)(WL); Windsor (l)(Spring­ garden Prairie) June 8 (1 ex fresh M- record early date for Ontario?), June 15 (2 fresh), Westover (11)(2 km Wof) June 18 (2 ex fresh - early for this area)(AW); Flamborough Twp. (11) late June (1 ex fresh intermediate M/F)(WL in AW coll.). 8. Po7ites mystic (W.H. Edwards) LONG DASH a) m. mystic (W.H. Edwards) - (TL - White Mts., New Hampshire) In 1991 - Toronto (19)(Rouge Valley) June 15 (5), 20 (2)(JPX); Beverley Swamp (11) June 2 (l)(KZ); Mineral Springs (11) June 2 (1), Branchton (15) July 1 (5), Moosonee (53) July 22 (1 very worn), Longridge Point (53) July 28 (1 worn F)(RC); Hurkett (52) July 4 (10)(RC+GB+JO+AW); Co. Brant (10)(36 Winter Way) June 15 (1), Guelph Jet. (17)(0.8 km S of) June 19 (7)(WL); Crieff Bog (16) June 1 (7)(WL+KM); June 15 (8)(KM); Troy (11) May 28 (WL+KG); Windsor (l)(Brunet Pk.) Sept. 14 (2) (JL); Geraldton (52)(30 km Wof) July 7 (l)(GD); Cairo Twp. (50) June 27 (l)(LT); Orillia (35)(T.S.) June 7 (1), Manitoulin (45)(Misery Bay) June 27 (2), Crane River (32) June 30 (l)(RLB). Genus LXVII: Wallengrenia Berg 2. Wa77engrenia egeremet (Scudder) NORTHERN BROKEN DASH - (TL - Massachusetts) In 1991 - Toronto (19)(Warden Woods) July 11 (10)(JPX); Long Point (4) June 29 (10)(TS); Branchton (15) June 26 (4)(KZ); June 21 (2), Valens (11)(1.7 km Wof) June 25 (20), Oriskany (5) July 14 (2)(RC); Bowden's Woods (3)(3 km SW of Thames­ ville) June 23 (15)(RC+GB); Toronto (19)(Lambton Mills) June 17 (1), (waterfront) July 12 (fairly common - a few nectaring at Viper's Bugloss & Indian Hemp; many ob­ served in fast flight at a stand of Sumac nr. Cherry Beach)(WE); Brantford (10)(1.1 km SSW of Hwy. 403 & 2) July 7 (l)(WL); Burlington Beach (17) July 6 (l)(WL+KG+KM); Windsor (l)(Springarden Prairie) Sept. 7 (l)(JL).

-38- Genus LXVIII: Pompeius Evans 1. Pompeius verna (W.H. Edwards) LITTLE GLASSY WING - (TL - Illinois) In 1991 - Scarborough (19) June 22, 23, July 14 (2)(BH); Toronto (19)(Rouge Valley) June 20 (2)(JPX); Long Point (4) June 15 & 29 (1 each day)(TS); Windsor (1) (Brunet Park) June 14 (5)(KZ); Branchton (15) June 21 (1 ex. fresh), July 1 (1), Bowden's Woods (3)(3 km SW of Thamesville) June 23 (1), Valens (11)(1.7 km Wof) June 25 (1), Dundas valley (11) June 26 (2)(RC); Windsor (l)(Springarden Prairie) June 15 (3)(JL); Windsor (l)(Springarden Prairie) June 8 (8 M & 1 F ex fresh ­ record early date for Ontario?), Rockton (11)(2 km NNE of) June 12 (1 ex fresh M­ early for this area)(AW). Genus LXIX: Atalopedes Scudder 1. Ata70pedes campestris (Boisduval) THE SACHEM b) c. huron (W.H. Edwards) - (TL - Illinois, Georgia, Texas, Washington DC) In 1991 - Pelee Is.(l) July 13 (1 fresh M), Point Pelee (1) Sept. 20 (1 fresh F), 22 (3)(KZ); Point Pelee (1) Sept. 21 (5 M, 4 F)(RC+SD+AW); Leamington (1) Sept. 22 (l)(RC+AW); Windsor (l)(Brunet Pk.) Sept. 14 (2 F, 1 M)(JL); Point Pelee (l)(W side of Tip) Oct. 17 (1 ex fresh F- exceptionally late record)(AW). Note: These include the third annual record for Ontario and the second annual record for Point Pelee (AW). Genus LXX: Atrytone Scudder 2. Atrytone 70gan (W.H. Edwards) DELAWARE SKIPPER a) 7. 70gan (W.H. Edwards) - (TL - Lansing, Michigan) In 1991 - Ajax (20) June 25, Scarborough (19) July 14 (BH); Windsor (l)(Brunet Pk.) June 14 (1), Hamilton (11) Sept. 11 (1 - not fresh, 2nd brood)(KZ); Branchton (15) June 21 (5), July 1 (20), Valens (11)(1.7 km Wof) June 25 (4), Ancaster (11) (Shaver's Rd.) June 28 (3), Brantford (10)(Powerline Rd. at Grand R.) June 29 (3), Dundas (11) July 7 (3), Oriskany (5) July 14 (1 worn F)(RC); Bowden's Woods (3)(3 km SW of Thamesville) June 15 (2), 23 (10), Rockton (11)(3.5 km WNW of) June 28 (6) (RC+GB+KZ); Branchton Prairie (15) June 29 (6)(KM); Windsor (l)(Brunet Pk.) Sept. 14 (2), 21 (3)(JL); Westover (11)(2 km Wof) June 18 (1 ex fresh - very early for this area)(AW). Genus LXXIII: Poanes Scudder 1. Poanes massasoit (Scudder) MULBERRY WING a) m. massasoit (Scudder) - (TL - Carver, Massachusetts) In 1991 - Branchton (15) June 26 (8)(KZ); July 1 (2), Shep's Subd. (15) July 16 (l)(RC); Valens (11)(3 km SE of) June 28 (2 ex fresh M)(AW). 2. Poanes hobomok (Harris) - (TL - Massachusetts) HOBOMOK SKIPPER = F. form pocahontas (Scudder) - (TL - Massachusetts and Connecticut) In 1991 - Toronto (19)(Glendon Coll.) May 28 (2), June 12 (2), Todmorden Mills (19) June 5 (l)(JPX); Halton Co. Forest (17) May 22 & 23 (several fresh each day), June 8, Long Point (4) May 25 (20), June 15 (8), 29 (worn), Kirkfield (36)(5 km NE of), June 9, Crieff Bog (16) June 19 (TS); Campbellville (17)(6 km S of) May 24 (4), Orillia (35) June 4 (F pocahontas)(KZ); Ancaster (11)(Martin's Lane) May 23 (5

-39- ex. fresh), Oriskany (5) June 2 (20), Crieff Bog (16) July 1 (1)(RC); Glen Morris (10)(2.5 km SSE of) May 19 (1 ex fresh M)(WL+KG); Guelph Jet. (17)(0.8 km S of) June 19 (1)(WL); Branchton Prairie (15) June 9 (1), Crieff Bog (16) June 1 (25 - 2 pocahontas), 15 (2)(KM+WL); Windsor (1) May 11 (JL); Hanmer (49) June 1 (6), Capreo1 (49)(11 km N of) June 1 (1), Smooth Rock Falls (53) June 8 (1)(GD); Cairo Twp. (50) May 28 & 29 (1 each date), Brower Twp. (53) June 16 (1), Matachewan (50) July 9 (1)(LT); Ba1a (38) (Ragged G.S.) June 12 (1), (Big Eddy G.S.) June 13 (1) (RLB); Lake Medad (11)(i km Wof) June 6 (1 ex fresh pocahontas), Windsor (1) (Springarden Prairie) June 8 (1 worn pocahontas)(AW). 3. Poanes zabu70n (Boisduva1) ZABULON SKIPPER - (TL - Georgia) In 1991 - no reports. 7. Poanes viator (W.H. Edwards) BROAD WINGED SKIPPER a) v. viator (W.H. Edwards) - (TL - northern Illinois & New Orleans, LA) In 1991 - Hortop Cons. Area (22) July 19, 23 (WJDE); Beverley Swamp (11) June 19 (2)(KZ); near Brantford (10) July 3 (15)(KZ+RC); Branchton (15) June 21 (4), July 1 (10), Osborne Corners (2)(3 km NW of) June 29 (2), Ancaster (11)(Jerseyville Rd.) June 29 (3), Dundas (11) July 7 (4), Port Maitland (5) July 12 (10)(RC); Mountsberg (11)(2.2 km SE of) June 19 (2 ex fresh M); Brantford (10) July 3 (15) (RC+KZ); Branchton Prairie (15) June 29 (30)(KM); Lake Medad (11)(i km S of) June 20 (5 ex fresh M), Spencer Creek (11)(at Westover Rd.) July 20 (1 worn F)(AW); Ka1adar Twp. (25)(rai1bed, 1 km E I Hwy. 41) June 30 (2)(RAL). Genus LXXVII: Euphyes Scudder 3. Euphyes dion (W.H. Edwards) DION SKIPPER - (TL - Nebraska, Indiana, S. Shore Lake Michigan, Hamilton, Ont.) In 1991 - Toronto (19)(Don River) June 27 (BH); Branchton (15) June 26 (5)(KZ); Rockton (11) June 28 (10), near Brantford (10) July 3 (6)(KZ+RC); Dunwich Prairie (3)(3 km Wof Dutton) June 23 (1), Osborne Corners (2)(3 km NW of) June 29 (4), Ancaster (11)(Jerseyvi11e Rd.) June 29 (4), Branchton (15) July 1 (4), Crieff Bog (16) July 1 (1), Dundas (11) July 7 (30), Port Maitland (5) July 12 (1)(RC); Mountsberg (11)(2.2 km SE of) June 19 (1 ex fresh M); Scarborough (19)(Rouge R.) July 15 (3 in sedge marsh)(WE); Gulliver's Lake (11)(i km SW of) June 21 (1 ex fresh M- early for this area)(AW); Point Pe1ee (1)(Shuster Trail east) June 22 (5 - record early date for Point Pe1ee)(JLL via AW); Ka1adar Twp. (25)(railbed, 1 km E • Hwy. 41) June 30 (1), Woodlawn (42)(5 km Wof) July 7 (15)(RAL). 5. Euphyes dukesi (Lindsey) DUKE'S SKIPPER - (TL - Mobile Co., AL) In 1991 - Point Pe1ee (1) Aug. 4 (4 - 2 mating pairs along Tilden Woods Trail) (TS); Windsor (1)(Springarden Prairie) June 29 (2)(KZ); Point Pe1ee (1) Sept. 7 (1 fresh F) & 8 (1 fresh M) - first known 2nd brood records for the province, found out of normal habitat in the Sparrow Fie1d)(RC+KZ and AW); Point Pe1ee (1) June 22 (2), Windsor (1)(Springarden Prairie) June 22 (2)(JL); Point Pe1ee (1)(Shuster Trail east) June 22 (2)(JLL); (1 ex fresh M- record early date for Pe1ee and the province)(AW); Point Pe1ee (1)(N of Tilden's Woods) June 23 (1 fresh M), (Shuster Trail east) Aug. 3 (1 not fresh F)(AW). 6. Euphyes conspicua (W.H. Edwards) THE BLACK DASH a) c. conspicua (W.H. Edwards) - (TL - Lansing, Michigan) In 1991 - Rockton (11) June 28 (10), near Brantford (10) July 3 (4)(KZ+RC);

-40- Branchton (15) July 1 (2), Crieff Bog (16) July 1 (1), Dundas (11) July 7 (8), Shep's Subd.(15) July 16 (8)(RC); Branchton Prairie (15) June 29 (1)(KM); Sheffield (11)(2.2 km E of) June 27 (1 fresh); Rockton (11)(4 km NW of) June 28 (1 ex fresh M), Crieff Bog (16) July 20 (7 not fresh)(AW). 9. Euphyes bimsculs (Grote & Robinson) TWO SPOTTED SKIPPER TL - Atlantic Dist., Philadelphia, PA) In 1990 - Sudbury (49) July 14 (2)(GD). In 1991 - Sheffield (11)(2.8 km ESE of) June 14 (1 fresh M)(WL). 10. Euphyes vestris (Boisduval) DUN SKIPPER a) v. vestris (Boisduval) - (TL - California) b) v. metscamet (Harris) - (TL - Massachusetts) In 1991 - Port Franks (7)(Sanctuary) July 9, 10, 14, Aug. 11 (KS); Toronto (19)(Rouge Valley) June 15 (1)(JPX); Manitoulin (45)(Robinson Twp.) June 29 - July 4 (abundant), Aug. 4 - 10 (1)(MH+NI); Kirkfield (36)(5 km NE of) June 9, July 16, 27 (4 worn), Crieff Bog (16) June 19, Long Point (4) June 29 & 30, July 14 & 20, Luther Lake (16) Port Perry (21) July 19 (TS); Orillia (35) June 6 (1 fresh - ~ early)(KZ); Point Pelee (1) Sept. 7 (1 ex fresh M)(KZ+RC+AW); 23 (3)(KZ); Bowden's Woods (3) (3 km SW of Thamesville) June 23 (4), St. Williams (4) July 17 (40), Point Pelee (1) Sept. 21 (1 ex fresh M, 2 fresh F), 22 (3)(RC+GB+SD+AW+KZ); Toronto (19)(Lambton Mills) June 17 (1), (Don River) June 27 (4), (waterfront) July 12 (a few), Scarborough (19) (Rouge R.) July 15 (1)(WE); Constance Lake (42)(1 km N of) July 6 (many)(PH); Co. Brant (10)(1.1 km SSW of Hwy. 403 & 2) July 7 (1) (WL); Kerns Rd. (17)(below escarpment) June 18 (3)(RD); Burlington Beach (17) July 6 (1)(WL+KG+KM); Fifty Point C.A. (12) June 30 (2)(KM+ RD+BCh); Branchton Prairie (15) June 29 (1)(KM); Windsor (1)(Brunet Pk.) Sept. 14 (1)(JL); Nakina (52) July 7 (1), Geraldton (52)(30 km Wof) July 7 (1)(GD); Cairo & Flavelle Twp. (50) June 20 & 23 (10 - many), Matachewan (50) July 9 (many)(LT); Big Chute (38) July 21 (2) (RLB); Slate Falls Rd. (25)(1 km Wof Hwy. 41) June 30 (few), Ferguson's Corners (25)(4.3 km S on Hwy. 41) June 30 (few), Kaladar Twp. (25)(railbed 1 km E• Hwy. 41) June 30 (3)(RAL); Point Pelee (1)(Tip area) June 22 (4 fresh & 1 ragged M­ record early occurrence for Pelee), Westover (11)(1i km NNE of) Aug. 7 (1 - end of 1st brood), Point Pelee (1)(NW of Visitor Centre) Sept. 22 (1 fresh - end of 2nd brood) (AW). Note: The point Pelee records above for Sept. represent the first Ontario records of a second brood for this species (AW). Genus LXXIX: Atrytonopsis Godman 1. Atrytonopsis hisnns (Scudder) DUSTED SKIPPER a) h. hisnns (Scudder) - (TL - Quincy & Dorchester, Massachusetts) In 1991 - Ipperwash (7)(S end behind parking lot) May 30 (200)(KS); Port Franks (7) May 28 (4)(KZ); Genus LXXX: Amblyscirtes Scudder 8. Amblyscirtes hegon (Scudder) PEPPER AND SALT SKIPPER (TL - White Mts., New Hampshire) In 1991 - Barnum Lake (39) June 9 - 16 (4)(PH). Note: This is the first TEA record for Haliburton County.

-41- 18. Amb7yscirtes via7is (W.H. Edwards) ROADSIDE SKIPPER (TL - Rock Island, IL; Lake Winnipeg) In 1991 - Twin Lakes (37) May 19 (1)(JPX); Manitoulin (45)(Robinson Twp.) May 29 - June 3 (MH+NI); Campbellville (17)(Turner Tract) May 22 (1 - 2nd record for this area), Port Franks (7) May 28 (6), Moosonee (53) June 22 (2)(KZ); Capreol (49) (11 km N of) June 1 (2), Fraserdale (53) June 8 & 9 (4)(GD); Flavelle Twp. (50) May 28 (10), June 20 (1), Cairo Twp.(50) May 29 (7), Brower Twp. (53) June 16 (several) (LT); Smooth Rock Falls (53)(13 km E on Hwy. 11) May 25 (3 ex fresh), (14.7 km E on Hwy. 11) May 25 (1 ex fresh)(AW). Genus LXXXIII: Calpodes HUbner 1. Ca7podes eth7ius (Stoll) BRAZILIAN SKIPPER or CANNA SKIPPER (TL - "Surinam") In 1991 - Point Pelee (1) Sept. 21 (1 fairly fresh nectaring on Bouncing Bet 100' from Lake Erie shore line)(AW+SD+RC). Note: This is the first record in Ontario and Canada for this species. Genus LXXXIV: Panoquina Hemming 4. Panoquina oco7a (W.H. Edwards) OCOLA SKIPPER (TL - "Georgia; Florida; Texas") In 1991 - Hamilton (11)(RBG Teaching Garden) Sept. 8 (1)(RC); Point Pelee (1) Sept. 21 (2 fairly fresh in Sparrow Field, 2 worn at West side of Tip)(AW+SD+RC). Note: These comprise the first and second records for Ontario and Canada for this species.

Superfamily PAPILIONOIDEA Latreille Family PAPILIONIDAE Latreille Subfamily Papilioninae Latreille Genus XCII: Battus Scopoli 1. Battus phi7enor (Linnaeus) PIPE VINE SWALLOWTAIL a) p. phi7enor (Linnaeus) - (TL - America) In 1991 - Harrow (1) June 8 (1 M), Point Pelee (1)('Onion Fields' just north of Park) Oct. 2 (1 ex fresh)(AW). Genus XCIII: Eurytides HUbner 1. Eurytides marce77us (Cramer) ZEBRA SWALLOWTAIL - (TL - not stated) In 1991 - no reports. Genus XCIV: Papilio Linnaeus 1. Papi7io po7yxenes Fabricius BLACK SWALLOWTAIL a) p. asterias Stoll - (TL - New York, Carolina, Virginia) In 1991 - Port Franks (7) July 8, Aug. 21 (KS); Scarborough Bluffs (19) May 15 (1), Toronto (19)(Todmorden Mills) June 7 (1 F)(JPX); North York (19)(11 Esgore Dr.) June 4 (1 F)(QFH); Port Franks (7)(Sanctuary) May 4 (1 fresh M), Port Lambton

-42- (7) May 14, long Point (4) May 25, June 15 (2), 30, July 14, Aug. 25 & 31, Port Weller (12) May 28 & 29, Collingwood (35) June 2, Kirkfield (36)(5 km NE of) June 9, July 16, 27 (10), Port Perry (21) July 19, Point Pelee (1) Aug. 3 (2), 4 (1 worn F), 11 (10 larvae), Toronto (19) Aug. 19 (pair)(TS); Rock Chapel (11) May 22 (1), Pelee Is. (1) July 14 (75)(KZ); Ancaster (11)(S of) May 25 (1), Dunwich Prairie (3) June 23 (1), Aldershot (17) Sept. 12 (1)(RC); leamington (1) Sept. 22 (1)(RC+AW); Point Pelee (1) June 15 (1)(RC+KZ); Toronto (19)(garden) May 29 (1 M at lilac), July 15 (1 Mnectaring at Bergamot & Butterfly Milkweed), Aug. 17 (1 worn at Budd­ leia), (Humber R.) July 3 (1), (waterfront) July 12 (fairly common), (Islands) Aug. 7 (2) (WE); Co. Brant (10)(1.1 km SSW of Hwy. 403 & 2) July 7 (1)(Wl); Burlington Beach (17) July 6 (4), Smithville (12)(Sewage lagoons) July 6 (3)(Wl+KG+KM); Fifty Point C.A. (12) May 25 (3), Smithville (12)(Sewage Ponds) May 25, Sept. 1 (KM); Grimsby (12)(Sewage Ponds) June 30 (1), Smithville (12)(Sewage Ponds) June 30 (4), Aug. 17 (1)(KM+RD+BCh); Grimsby (12)(Sewage Ponds) July 21 (6), Sept. 7 (1)(Wl+KM+ RD+BCh); Thornhill (19) May 24 (1)(GD); Hillman Marsh (1) Aug. 12 (3) (GD+SD+RC+GB); Amherst Is. (25) July 31 (common)(lT); Mud lake (35)(Twp. line) July 14 (1)(RlB); Point Pelee (1)(North Dike) May 11 (1 not fresh M)(AW+Wl+KAM); Oxford Mills (28)(7 km Wof) July 6 (1 fresh M)(RAl). 8. Papilio machaon linnaeus OLD WORLD SWAllOWTAIL b) m. hudsonianus A.H. Clark - (Tl - Kettle Rapids, Manitoba) In 1991 - Geraldton (52)(40 km N of) June 21 (1), Moosonee (53) June 22 (1), 23 (3), 24 (1)(KZ); longridge Point (53) July 29 - Aug. 2 (large larvae common on Scotch lovage - Ligusticum scothium)(RC). Genus XCV: Heraclides HObner 2. Heraclides cresphontes (Cramer) GIANT SWAllOWTAIL (Tl - New York, South Carolina, Jamaica) In 1991 - Point Pelee (1) Aug. 3 (24 mostly fresh - females ovipositing), 4 (38 fresh - ova & larvae observed), 11 (24 mostly worn - 1 ova found), Sept. 1 (1 worn - 1 pupa found)(TS); Walpole Is. (7) May 31, Point Pelee (1) Sept. 22 (ex. fresh ­ 3rd brood)(KZ); Point Pelee (1) June 15 (6), Aug. 12 (15 - 5 larvae also found)(RC+ KZ+GB+SD+GD); Rockton (11)(SW of) Aug. 10 (2)(RC); Hamilton (11)(11 Cross St.) July 29 (a F laid ova on Ruta - hatched Aug. 6 - pupated Aug. 30 - adult hatched Oct. 5)(JC); Point Pelee (1)(Visitor Centre to Tip) June 1 (15 fresh), 23 (2 worn - end of 1st brood), (road along Post Woods) July 13 (4 ex fresh - start of 2nd brood), (loop Woods) Sept. 7 (1 ragged - end of 2nd brood)(AW); Dundas (11)(downtown) July 29 & Aug. 1 (1 each date - same specimen?)(Joanna Chapman via AW). Genus XCVI: pterourus Scopoli 1. pterourus glaucus (linnaeus) TIGER SWAllOWTAIL a) g. glaucus (linnaeus) - (Tl - 'Amer. Sept.') g) g. canadensis (Rothschild & Jordan) - (Tl - Newfoundland) In 1991 - a) g. glaucus - widespread in Northumberland Co. (22) during June & July - first seen May 22, last seen Aug. 10 (WJDE); St. Williams (4) May 28 (4), Flowerpot Is. (32) June 3 (2)(KS); Toronto (19)(Rouge Valley) June 15 (1), 20 (2) (JPX); St. Williams (4)(Forest Nursery) June 23 (5), Pinery (7)(Florida North) June 27 (1), Zurich (13) June 29 (1), (S. Hay Swamp) July 9 (2), 17 (1)(QFH); Long Point (4) May 25 (5), June 15 (2), 29 & 30 (10 each day fresh to worn), July 14 (20 fresh to worn), 20, Aug. 3, Collingwood (35) June 1 & 2 (2 each day), Crieff Bog (16) June 8, luther lake (16) July 7, Port Perry (21) June 9, July 19, Kirkfield (36)(5

-43- km NE of) June 9, July 16 (3 - 1 dark F), Point Pe1ee (1) Aug. 3 (10 worn with 3 dark F), 4 (15 - 1 worn dark F), 11 (12 - 2 worn dark F)(TS); S. Wa1singham (4) (Anderson Tract) May 11 (1 - small pale early form), Caistorvi11e Woods (12) June 1 (1), Point Pe1ee (1) Aug. 12 (1)(RC); Co. Brant (10)(1.8 km SW of Hwy. 403 & 2) July 7 (1)(WL); Grimsby (12)(Sewage Ponds) June 1 (1)(RD+BCh); Caistorvi1le Woods (12) June 8 (1), Smithville (12)(Sewage Ponds) June 8 (1), Branchton Prairie (15) July 20 (1)(KM); LaSalle (1) April 28 (1)(JL); Point Pe1ee (1)(West Beach) May 10 (1 ex fresh M), (S of Visitor Centre) May 19 (1 Mcaptured & swallowed whole by a flycatcher), (W side of Tip) June 1 (2 fresh 'black' F), 9 (2 worn 'black' F), 16 (1 worn 'dark' F), (N of Tilden's Woods) June 23 (1 worn M- end of 1st brood), (Post Woods & Wside of Tip) July 13 (ex fresh M& F- start of 2nd brood), 'dark' F's on July 21, 27, Aug. 3 & 4, (W side of Tip) Sept. 28 (1 worn 'dark' F- 3rd brood?), Harrow (1) June 8 (1 ragged 'black' F), 15 (1 worn 'dark' F)(AW et a1); Moosonee (53)(mi1e 150 on ONR S of) May 25 (1 ex fresh M)(N. Evelyn Rymer via AW). b) g. canadensis - Manitoulin (45)(Robinson Twp.) June 29 - July 4 (5)(MH+ NI); near Matachewan (50) May 21 (5), near Geraldton (52) June 21 (5), Moosonee (53) June 22 - 24 (25)(KZ); Hanmer (49) June 1 (1), Capreo1 (49)(8 km N of) June 1 (2) (GO); Fraserdale (53) June 8 (2)(SD+GD); Cairo Twp. (50) May 21 (1), Timiskaming & Cochrane Dist. May 22 - June 23 (common)(LT); Minden (39)(T.S.) May 24 & 27 (2 each date), Sebright (35) May 20 (2), Parry Sound (46)(T.S.) May 28 (3), Bracebridge (38)(lagoons) May 25 (2), Rama Twp.(35)(Mud Lake) June 8 (4), Crane River (32) June 30 (5)(RLB); Barnum Lake (39) June 9 - 16 (many)(PH). 6. pterourus troi7us (Linnaeus) SPICEBUSH SWALLOWTAIL a) t. troi7us (L innaeus) - (TL - "Indi is") In 1991 - St. Williams (4) May 18 (fresh)(KS); St. Williams (4)(Forest Nursery) June 23 (1), Ben Miller (13)(Sharp's Creek) June 27 (1)(QFH); Point Pe1ee (1) May 11 (2 very fresh - 1 in Park and 1 at Kopegaron Woods), Aug. 3 (15 worn), 4 (8 very worn), 11 (7 fresh to worn), Sept. 1 (3 - 1 fresh & 2 worn), Ancaster (11) June 8 (worn), Long Point (4) May 17 (3), 25 (10), June 15 (20), 29 & 30 (25 very fresh to very worn each day), July 14, 20, Aug. 3, Sept. 8 (1 ~ worn)(TS); Walpole Is. (7) May 31 (1)(KZ); Point Pe1ee (1) Sept. 7 (4), Harrow (1)(SSE of) June 15 (1) (KZ+RC); St. Williams (4) July 17 (2)(RC+GB+SD+KZ); Point Pe1ee (1) Aug. 12 (10), Sept. 21 (1 ex fresh)(SD+GD+RC+GB+AW); Point Pe1ee (1)(campground entrance) May 10 (1 ex fresh M)(AW+WL+KAM); (Visitor Centre) June 29 (2 ragged - end of 1st brood), (road along Post Woods) July 13 (3 ex fresh - start of 2nd brood), (Visitor Centre to Tip) Aug. (8 fresh to worn - end of 2nd brood), (Tip) Aug. 31 (1 ex fresh ­ start of 3rd brood), Sept. 28 (1 worn)(AW).

Family PIERIDAE Duponche1 Tribe Pierini Duponche1 Genus CI: Pontia Fabricius 3. Pontia protodice (Boisduva1 & Leconte) CHECKERED WHITE - (TL - probably Georgia) In 1991 - Ori11ia Twp. (35) Sept. 21 (MH+NI). 4. Pontia occidenta7is (Reakirt) WESTERN CHECKERED WHITE (TL - Clear Creek Co., Colorado) In 1991 - no reports.

-44- Genus CII: Pieris Schrank 1. Pieris napi (Linnaeus) MUSTARD WHITE d) n. o7eracea (Harris) - (TL - northern &western Massachusetts) In 1991 - Twin Lakes (37) May 19, Northumberland Co. (22) first seen April 30 (3), moderate numbers in May & June, 2nd brood abundant on July 10 nr. Baltimore (22), Ha1dimand Twp. (22) July 30, Baltimore (22) Aug. 25 (3rd/4th brood?)(WJDE); Brantford (10) April 23 (KS); Manitoulin (45)(10t 26-29, Con. 1, Burpee Twp.) Aug. 8-22 (abundant)(RRT); Manitoulin (45)(Robinson Twp.) May 29 - June 3, Aug. 7 (1) (MH+NI); Bowmanvi11e (20)(Stephen's Gulch) May 14 (10 - 3 C)(QFH); Crieff Bog (16) June 8, Kirkfie1d (36)(5 km NE of) June 9 (2), Port Perry (21) June 9 (1)(a11 spring form), Kirkfie1d (36)(5 km NE of) July 16 (6 fresh), 27 (20)(a11 summer form)(TS); Huntsville (38) May 20 (2)(DR); Crieff Bog (16) May 22, Moosonee (53) June 22 (6)(KZ); Alfred Bog (43) May 19 (12)(KZ+RC+SD+RAL); Barnum Lake (39) June 9 - 16 (2)(PH); Crieff Bog (16) July 1 (60), Moosonee (53) July 21 (8)(RC); Crieff Bog (16) May 23 (7)(WL); June 1 (1)(WL+ KM); Sudbury (49) May 18 (1), Nellie Lake (53) June 9 (1), Fenelon Falls (36) June 30 (1), New Liskeard (50) July 6 (1)(GD); F1ave11e Twp. (50) May 19 (3), 21 (2), 28 (2), Matachewan (50) May 22 (30+), 25 (common), Brower Twp. (53) June 16 (1)(LT); Sebright (35) May 20 (12)(RLB); Pro­ greston (11) April 25 (3 ex fresh), Westover (11)(1i km NNE of) June 5 (2 worn ­ end of 1st brood), Rockton Tract (11) June 21 (40 fresh - start of 2nd brood - 1 'runt' C), July 20 (3 worn - end of 2nd brood), Crieff Bog (16) July 20 (1 ex fresh - start of 3rd brood?)(AW et a1); Fitzroy Hbr. (42)(5 km SE of) Sept. 8 (1 ­ examining a clump of Wormseed Mustard for about 1 hr but did not oviposit)(RAL). 2. Pieris virginiensis (W.H. Edwards) WEST VIRGINIA WHITE (TL - Kanawha Dist., W. Virginia) In 1991 - Campbe11vi11e (17)(Robertson Tract) April 26 (2), May 15 (8), (Currie Tract) May 15 (2), Speyside (17)(west of) May 5 (8), (6 km E of) May 5 (1), 15 (3), Terra Cotta (16)(3 km Wof) May 13 (2), Halton Hills (17) May 13 (7)(QFH); Halton Co. Forest (17) May 1 (6 fresh), 8 (55 almost immaculate), 22 (4 not worn to very worn), 23 (6 not worn to very worn)(TS); Halton Co. Forest (17)(Currie Tract) April 25 (2)(KZ); Corwhin (16) April 27 (1), Halton Co. Forest (17)(Turner Tract) April 27 (1)(RC); Campbe11vi11e (17) May 13 (25+)(GD); Progreston (11) April 25 (1 ex fresh), F1amboro Centre (11)(3 km NE of) April 25 (1 ex fresh), Mountsberg Wildlife Centre (11 & 17) April 30 (7 & 4 ex fresh), 3 km N of Carlisle (11) April 30 (5 ex fresh), 3i km N (17) April 30 (1 ex fresh), Va1ens (11)(4 km E of) May 8 (2 not fresh)(AW+WL); Mountsberg Wildlife Centre (11) May 15 (15 not fresh), Free1ton (11) (1 km NE of) May 15 (2 worn), Mountsberg (11)(3i km ENE of) May 15 (1 worn)(AW). 3. Pieris rapae (Linnaeus) CABBAGE WHITE - (TL - Sweden) In 1991 - Toronto (19) - very heavy numbers from July 20 - much diminished by mid-August (BH); Port Franks (7)(Sanctuary) April 27, St. Williams (4) April 30 (4), Ipperwash (7) May 15 (3)(KS); Toronto (19)(G1endon Co11.) May 5 (2), 11 (3), June 12 (3), Aug. 8 (20), (Warden Woods) May 12 (2), July 11 (2), (Scarborough Bluffs) May 15 (2), (Todmorden Mills) June 5 (1), (Rouge Valley) June 15 (3), 20 (1), Twin Lakes (37) May 19 (1), Mud Lake (6)(nr. Port Co1borne) Aug. 4 (1), Hilton Falls (17) Aug. 11 (10), Forks of Credit (18) Aug. 11 (10)(JPX); Manitoulin (45) (Robinson Twp.) June 29 - July 4 (common)(MH+NI); earliest seen at Halton Co.Forest (17) April 23 - latest seen at Long Point (4) Oct. 26, Toronto (19) to Luther Lake (16) July 7, Toronto (19) to Kirkfie1d (36) July 27, Point Pe1ee (1) Aug. 3, 4 & 11 (1000+ on each date and 2 dwarf forms at Pe1ee on Aug. 3 & 4)(TS); Ipperwash (7) April 26 (1), Collingwood (35) July 21 (1,000's), Point Pe1ee (1) Oct. 18 (15)(KZ);

-45- Burlington (17) April 23 (2), (Beach) Oct. 25 (1)(RC); Toronto (19)(back garden) April 9 (1st seen), June 30 (1 at Swamp Milkweed), July 25 (10 at Buddleia at one time), 28 (20 observed at one time, most nectaring at Buddleia & Joe-Pye Weed), Willowvale Pk. (Christie Pits), flower bed at corner Bloor & Christie) July 26 (80+ at Blue Salvia - 11:30 a.m.), July 31 (60+ at Blue Salvia - 11:50 a.m.), (Lambton Mills) June 17 (many), (Humber R.) July 3 (fairly common), (waterfront) July 12 (fairly common - many nectaring at Catnip), (Islands) Aug.7 (common)(WE); Brantford (10)(1.1 km SSW of Hwy. 403 & 2) July 7 (15), (36 Winter Way) Oct. 26 (1), Crieff Bog (16) May 23 (7), Sept. 6 (6)(WL); Grimsby (12)(Sewage Ponds) Sept. 7 (6)(WL+KM+ RD+BCh); Branchton Prairie (15) June 9 (6), Crieff Bog (16) June 1 (2)(KM+WL); St. Williams (4) May 10 (4)(GD+GW); Point Pe1ee (1) Aug. 12 (1)(GD); Cairo Twp. (50) June 27 (2), Rutherglen (47) July 12-13 (common). Amherst Is. (25) July 31 (a few), Elgin (27) Aug.1 (common), Matachewan (50) Sept.22 (common)(LT); Carden (35)(A1var) May 12 (2), Sebright (35) May 20 (1), Mud Lake (35(Twp. line) July 14 (3), Dorset (38) July 28 (2)(RLB); Point Pe1ee (1)(Sparrow Field) April 9 (1 ex fresh - record early date for PP), many in (1) & (11) - up to 400 fresh on July 14 at Point Pelee (Visitor Centre to Tip) and continuing until Oct. 26 (AW); Point Pe1ee (1)(W side of Tip) April 17 (3)LHF); Oct. 29 (5)(JWF+JMG). Subfamily Anthocharinae Tutt Tribe Anthocharini Tutt Genus CV: Euchloe HUbner 1. Euch70e ausonides Lucas LARGE MARBLEWING c) a. mayi F. & R. Chermock - (TL - Riding Mts., Manitoba) In 1991 - Manitoulin (45)(10t 28, Con. 1, Burpee Twp.) May 17-19 (plentiful) (RRT); Fraserda1e (53) June 8 (5)[320 km range extension (see section 4.8)]. 4. Euch70e o7ympia (W.H. Edwards) OLYMPIA MARBLEWING (TL - Coa1burgh, W. Virginia) In 1991 - Port Franks (7)(Sanctuary) April 27 (12), May 15, 19, (behind L Lake) April 27 (30), Ipperwash (7) May 15 (3)(KS); Twin Lakes (37) May 19 (1)(JPX); Port Franks (7)(Sanctuary) and Ipperwash (7) May 4 (8 - 1 immaculate), 14 (25)(TS); Ipperwash (7) April 26 (35), Port Franks (7) April 26 (5)(KZ); Flinton (25)(NW of Ka1adar) May 11 (AMH); Riley Lake (38) May 13 (4)(RLB). Subfamily Co1iadinae Swainson Tribe Coliadini Swainson Genus CVIII: Co1ias Fabricius 1. Co7ias phi70dice Godart COMMON SULPHUR a) p. phi 70dice Godart - (TL - "Vi rginia") In 1991 - St.Wi11iams (4) May 14 (2), 28 (KS); Toronto (19)(Scarborough Bluffs) May 15 (35), (Warden Woods) July 11 (4), (Rouge Valley) July 23 (1 white form), Mud Lake (6)(nr. Port Colborne) Aug. 4 (1), Hilton Falls (17) Aug. 11 (1) (JPX); Mani­ toulin (45)(Robinson Twp.) May 29 - June 3, June 29 - July 4 & Aug. 4 - 10 (common) (MH+NI); Port Franks (7) June 27 (1 C)(QFH); earliest seen at La Sa1ette (5) May 14 (1 F) - latest at Whitby (21)(Cranberry Marsh) Oct. 17 (white F), Long Point (4) Aug. 31 (white F), Sept. 7 (white F), Turkey Point (4) Oct. 14 (white F), 26 (2 F), Burlington (17)(Van Wagners Beach) Oct. 20 (2 F - 1 white)(TS); St. Williams (4) May 5 (20)(KZ+RC); Rock Chapel (11) Oct. 22 (8)(KZ); Burlington (17)(Beach) Oct. 25 (1)(RC); Toronto (19)(Humber River) July 3 (10), (waterfront) July 12 (a few), (Islands) Aug. 7 (a few), (Wilket Creek Park) Sept. 7 (1 worn Mcaught by ambush

-46- bug on New England Aster)(WE); Brantford (10)(1.1 km SSW of Hwy. 403 & 2) July 7 (5), (36 Winter Way) Oct. 19 (1), 26 (1), 30 (5), Crieff Bog (16) May 23 (1), Sept. 6 (5)(WL); Smithville (12)(Sewage Lagoons) July 6 (8), Grimsby (12)(Sewage Ponds) Sept. 7 (2)(WL+KG+KM+RD+BCh); Branchton Prairie (15) June 9 (3), 29 (10)(KM); St. Williams (4) May 10 (3)(GD+GW); Sudbury (49) May 18 (1), Fraserda1e (53) June 8 (1), New Liskeard (50) July 6 (2), Lake Superior Provo Pk. (48) July 8 (2), Point Pe1ee (1) Aug. 12 (1), Fenelon Falls (36) Sept. 1 (1)(GD); Matachewan (50) May 23 (several), Englehart (50) May 25 (6), Brower Twp. (53) June 16 (1), Nipissing to Cochrane Dist. July 9 - Sept. 22 (several to common)(LT); Mud Lake (35)(Twp. line) July 14 (2)(RLB); Va1ens (11)(3 km E of) May 8 (1 ex fresh), Point Pe1ee (1)(W side of Tip) June 16 (1 ex fresh M- start of 2nd brood), Oct. 23 (2 fresh)(AW et a1). 2. C07ias eurytheme Boisduva1 ORANGE SULPHUR (ALFALFA BUTTERFLY) (TL - "Toute de California") In 1991 - Port Franks (7) Aug. 21, 22 (KS); Manitoulin (45)(Robinson Twp.) June 30 (1)(MH+NI); earliest seen at Point Pe1ee (1) May 12 (1 M) - latest at Leslie St. Spit (19) Sept. 28 (4), Long Point (4) July 14 & Sept. 7 (white F), hybrids (phi7o­ dice x eurytheme) were observed at Long Point (4) July 14, Aug. 25, Sept. 8, Port Perry (21) July 14, Leslie St.Spit (19) Sept. 28 (TS); Halton (17) May 22 (2), Rock Chapel (11) Oct. 22 (4)(KZ); Copetown (11) May 29 (1), Burlington (17)(Beach) Oct. 25 (2)(RC); Toronto (19)(waterfront) July 12 (a few), (Islands) Aug. 7 (a few)(WE); Brantford (10)(1.1 km SSW of Hwy. 403 & 2) July 7 (2), (36 Winter Way) Oct. 30 (1), Newport (10)(2.8 km NW of) Sept. 10 (1), Crieff Bog (16) Sept. 6 (6)(WL); Grand R. (10)(Hardy Rd.) Oct. 14 (1)(WL+KG+SG); Smithville (12)(Sewage Ponds) June 16 (2), Branchton Prairie (15) June 29 (2)(KM); Grimsby (12)(Sewage Ponds) June 30 (1), Sept. 7 (1)(WL+KM+RD+BCh); Smithville (12)(Sewage Lagoons) July 6 (1)(WL+KG+KM); Manitoulin (45)(S. Baymouth) Aug. 24 (4)(SD+GD); North York (19) May 29 (1), Hill­ man Marsh (1) Aug. 12 (2)(GD); Amherst Is. (25) and Elgin (27) July 31 - Aug. 1 (common), Matachewan (50) Aug. 6 - Sept. 22 (common)(LT); Point Pe1ee (1)(W Beach) May 10 (1 ex fresh F) (AW+WL+KAM); (Tip) Sept. 29 to Oct. 23 (15 - 25)(AW et a1); Mellon Creek (25)(Hwy. 41, 1 km N of) Aug. 10 (1), Croydon (25)(4 km N of) Aug. 23 (1), Fitzroy Hbr. (42)(5 km SE of) Sept. 22 (1)(RAL). 12. C07ias gigantea Strecker GIANT SULPHUR (TL - "West coast of Hudson Bay above Fort York") In 1991 - no reports. 13. C07ias pe7idne Boisduva1 & Leconte PELIDNE SULPHUR - (TL - NE Labrador) In 1991 - Moosonee (53) June 22 (2), 23 (3)(KZ). 14. C07ias interior Scudder PINK EDGED SULPHUR a) i. interior Scudder - (TL - N. shore of Lake Superior) In 1991 - C1apperton Is. (45) July 6 (RRT); Manitoulin (45)(Robinson Twp.) June 30 (1)(MH+NI); Iroquois Falls (53)(25 km Wof) June 20 (3), July 28 (10)(KZ); Nellie Lake (53) July 19 (20)(RC); Lowther (53) July 6 (2), Englehart (50)(30 km N of) July 6 (1), Gera1dton (52) July 7 (1), Wawa (48) July 8 (2), Lake Superior Provo Pk. (48) July 8 (1)(GD); F1ave11e, Cairo, Morel Twp. & Matachewan (50) June 20 - July 9 (common), Smooth Rock Falls (53)(Hwy. 634 N of) July 22 (8 few), Cairo Twp. (50) Aug. 6 (a few)(LT); Jevins Lake (38) July 24 (1)(RLB); Ferguson's Cor­ ners (25)(Hwy. 41, 4.3 km S of) June 30 (5)(RAL).

-47- 15. C07ias pa7aeno (Linnaeus) PALAENO SULPHUR In 1991 - Luk1nto Lake (52) June 16 (1 F)(this represents an app. 130 km range extension to the south)(AMH). Genus CIX: Zerene HUbner 2. Zerene cesonia (Stoll) DOG FACE a) c. cesonia (Stoll) - (TL - Georgia) In 1991 - no reports. Genus CXI: Phoebis HUbner 1. Phoebis sennae (Linnaeus) CLOUDLESS SULPHUR b) s. eubu7e (Linnaeus) - (TL - probably vic. Charleston, S. Carolina) In 1991 - no reports. 2. Phoebis phi7ea (Johansson) ORANGE BARRED SULPHUR a) p. phi7ea (Johansson) - (TL - probably Surinam) Last reported in 1987. Genus CXIV: Eurema HUbner (Pyrisitia and Abaeis now included as per Memoir' 3) 2. Eurema lisa (Boisduval & Leconte) LITTLE SULPHUR a) 7. 7isa (Boisduval & Leconte) - (TL - United States) In 1991 - Toronto (19)(waterfront) Sept. 22 (1 slightly worn, nectaring on purple aster & toadflax)(BH); Kirkfield (36)(5 km NE of) July 27 (1 fresh F closely observed in flight as close as 5 feet by myself and David Beadle. The smaller size was apparent when it interacted with phi70dice. It stayed within 2 feet of the ground, flying in a northerly direction)(TS); Hamilton (11)(2 km NNW of Flamboro Centre) July 6 (1 ex fresh M- first (11) record since 1968)(AW); Point Pelee (1) June 22 (1 fresh M), Windsor (1) (Ojibway Prairie) July 3 (1 F f. alba)(JL). 1. Eurema nicippe (Cramer) - (TL - Virginia) SLEEPY ORANGE In 1991 - no reports. Genus CXV: Nathalis Boisduval (changed from CXVII as per Memoir' 3) 1. Natha7is i07e Boisduval DAINTY SULPHUR In 1991 - no reports.

Family LYCAENIDAE Leach Subfamily M11et1nae Corbet Tribe Spalg1n1 Toxopeus Genus CXVII: Feniseca Grote 1. Feniseca tarquinius (Fabricius) THE HARVESTER a) t. tarquinius (Fabricius) - (TL - in 'Indiis') In 1991 - Bobcaygeon (37) Aug. 12 (1 in alder bog)(BH); s. Walsingham Woods (4)

-48- July 4 (4 immaculate)(TS); S. Walsingham (4)(Wilson Tract) May 5 (1 not fresh ­ ~ early record)(KZ+RC); Dundas Marsh (11) Aug. 25 (9)(RC); Toronto (19)(00n River) June 27 (2 on trail in moist woods)(WE); Sudbury (49) May 18 (1), Hanmer (49) June 1 (2)(GO). Subfamily Lycaeninae Leach Genus CXIX: Lycaena Fabricius 1. Lycaena ph7aeas (Linnaeus) AMERICAN COPPER a) p. americana Harris - (TL - Massachusetts) In 1991 - Northumberland CO.(22) June 28, Aug. 25 (WJOE); Pinery (7)(Sanctuary) July 8, 9 (6), 10, 14 (2)(specimen sent to Pinery collection)(KS); Manitoulin (45) (lot 25, Con. 1, Burpee Twp.) Aug. 13 (RRT); Port Franks (7) July 20 (several - 1 C)(KS via Terry Crabe); Long Point (4) May 25 (1 very fresh), June 29 & 30, July 20 (worn), Aug. 3, 25 (8 worn), Sept. 7 & 8 (3 worn each day)(TS); Campbellville (17) (6 km S of) May 24 (3), Port Colborne (6) Sept. 15 (4)(KZ); Bowden's Woods (3)(3 km SW of Thamesville) June 23 (7), St. Williams (4) July 17 (15)(RC+GB+SO+KZ); Rockton (ll)(Patterson Tract) Sept. 29 (l)(RC); Windsor (1) April 14 (JL); Bala (38)(Ragged G.S.) June 12 (1), Big East R. mouth (38) July 26 (1), Gravenhurst (38) July 27 (1), Riley Lake (38) July 30 (5)(RLB); Windsor (l)(Springarden Prairie) May 11 (30 ex fresh)(AW+WL); Sinclairville (11)(2 km NW of) May 28 (1 worn), Waterdown (ll)(li km NW of) June 6 (1 worn M- end of 1st brood), Progreston (ll)(li km NW of) July 9 (5 ex fresh - start 2nd brood)(AW); Fitzroy Hbr. (42)(5 km SE of) Sept. 2 (l)(RAL). Genus CXX: Gaeides Scudder 1. Gaeides xanthoides (Boisduval) GREAT GRAY COPPER Only reported once for Ontario (Kenora area) in 1979. Genus CXXI: Hyllolycaena L. Miller & F.M. Brown 1. Hy7707ycaena hy77us (Cramer) BRONZE COPPER - (TL - North America) In 1991 - Hortop CA (22) June 29, Aug. 25, S. Cramahe Twp. (22) Sept. 22 (very worn female)(WJOE); St. Williams (4) May 28 (4), Brantford (10)(Grand R. S of Hwy. 403) July 23 (2)(KS); Crieff Bog (16) June 8 (1), Kirkfield (36)(5 km NE of) June 9 (2)(TS); Walpole Is. (7) May 31 (5), Point Pelee (1) Sept.17 (1 fresh F)(KZ); Point Pelee (1) June 15 (1), Hillman Marsh (1) Sept. 7 (l)(RC+KZ); Brantford (10)(Power­ line Rd. at Grand R.) June 29 (1), Grant Point (11) July 12 (l)(RC); Windsor (1) May 20 (JLK); Toronto (19) (Islands) Aug. 7 (l)(WE); Branchton Prairie (15) June 29 (l)(KM); Fenelon Falls (36) June 30 (1), Point Pelee (1) Aug. 12 (l)(GO); North Bay (47)(Himsworth Conc. 28) July 14 (5)(LT); Beverly Hills Trailer Park (11) July 6 (2 ragged - end of 1st brood)(AW); Hillman Marsh (l)(NE of) Aug. 4 (4 fresh - start of 2nd brood)(AW+WL+KAM+BM); Sept. 7 (1 not fresh F- end of 2nd brood)(AW+RC+KZ); Point Pelee (1) (West Beach) Sept. 22 (1 fairly fresh - end of 3rd brood? ­ rare)(AW); Annan (33)(Con. 6, 3i km SE of) June 18 (1), Larkwhistle Gardens (32) June 19 (few)(RAL). Genus CXXIII: Epidemia Scudder 1. Epidemia epixanthe (Boisduval & Leconte) BOG COPPER a) e. epixanthe (Boisduval & Leconte) - (TL - New Harmony, Indiana) b) e. phaedra (G.C. Hall) - (TL - Dublin Shore, Lunenburg Co., Nova Scotia) In 1991 - Delhi (4)(2 km SW of) July 20 (1 larva on cranberry - no adults seen)

-49- (TS); Iroquois Falls (53)(23 km Wof) June 20 (1)(KZ); Copetown Bog (11) June 20 (12), Moosonee (53) July 22 (12)(RC); Englehart (50)(30 km N of) July 6 (3)(GD); Fraserdale (53) July 22 (1)(LT); Axe Lake (38) June 24 (2)(RLB); Byron Bog (8) June 8 - ~ early date (Dave McLeod). 2. Epidemia dorcas (W. Kirby) DORCAS COPPER a) d. dorcas (/II. Kirby) - (TL - The Pas, Hanitoba) b) d. claytoni (Brower) - (TL - Springfield, Penobscot Co. Maine) In 1991 - Clapperton Is. (45) July 6 (RRT); Manitoulin (45)(Rob1nson Twp.) Aug. 4 - 10 (abundant)(MH+NI); Cambridge (15)(Taylor Lake) June 26 (2), near Brantford (10) July 3 (6 - 2nd site in Hamilton area - adults seemed to be nectaring on Silverweed, which is highly unusual)(KZ+RC); Moosonee (53) July 22 (15)(RC); Co. Brant (10)(1.1 km SSW of Hwy. 403 & 2) July 7 (1)(WL); Manitoulin (45)(S. Baymouth) Aug. 24 (12)(SD+GD); Hearst (53)(86 km Wof) July 6 (4), Aroland (52) July 7 (5), Geraldton (52)(Dump) July 7 (1)(GD); Moorey (45) July 5 (40 fresh)(AW+RC+GDB+JLO). 3. Epidemia helloides (Boisduval) PURPLISH COPPER (TL - San Francisco, California) In 1991 - Manitoulin (45)(lot 25, Con. 1, Burpee Twp.) Aug. 13 (RRT); Manitou­ lin (45)(S. Baymouth) Aug. 24 (12)(SD+GD); Killarney (45)(25 km NE of on Hwy. 637 near Mahzenazing Bridge) Aug. 23 (1 M+ 5 F)(AMH). Subfamily Thecl1nae Swainson Tribe Eumae1ni Doubleday Genus CXXXI: Harkenclenus dos Passos 1. Harkenclenus titus (Fabricius) CORAL HAIRSTREAK a) t. titus (Fabricius) - (TL - probably Newfoundland) b) t. mopsus (HUbner) - (TL - Georgia) c) t. watsoni (Barnes & Benjamin) - (TL - Kerrville, Texas) In 1991 - Northumberland Forest (22) June 29, July 10 (quite common), Grafton (22) July 5 (WJDE); Port Franks (7) July 8 (4), 9, 14 (6), Aug. 11 (2)(KS); Toronto (19)(Rouge Valley) July 23 (1)(JPX); Long Point (4) June 29 & 30 (several fresh each day), Kirkfield (36)(5 km NE of) July 16 (1 worn)(TS); Branchton (15) June 26 (3)(KZ); Waterdown (17)(SW of) June 14 (1), Branchton (15) July 1 (1), Crieff Bog (16) July 1 (6)(RC); Rockton (11)(3.5 km WNW) June 28 (5), Brantford (10) July 3 (1)(RC+KZ); St.Williams (4) July 17 (12)(RC+GB+SD+KZ); LaSalle (1) June 23 (4)(JL); Big Chute (38) July 21 (2)(RLB). Genus CXXXII: Satyrium Scudder 3. Satyrium acadicum (W.H. Edwards) ACADIAN HAIRSTREAK a) a. acadicum (W.H. Edwards) - (TL - London, Ontario) d) a. watrini (Dufrane) - (TL - Saskatchewan) In 1991 - Hortop C.A. (22) July 19 (WJDE); Toronto (19)(Rouge Valley) June 20 (2), Warden Woods (19) July 11 (6), Edwards Gardens (19) July 11 (1)(JPX); Clapper­ ton Is. (45) July 6 (RRT); Long Point (4) June 29 (1 worn), Kirkfield (36)(5 km NE of) July 16 (8 fresh to worn)(TS); Beverley Swamp (11) June 19 (1)(KZ); Branchton (15) June 21 (1), Valens (11)(1.7 km Wof) June 25 (3), Ancaster (11)(Shaver's Rd.) June 28 (1), Crieff Bog (16) July 1 (8), Shep's Subd. (15) July 16 (2)(RC); Rockton (11)(3.5 km WNW of) June 28 (3), Brantford (10) July 3 (3)(RC+KZ); Toronto (19)(Don R.) June 27 (3), (Humber R.) July 3 (2), (waterfront) July 12 (2)(WE); Branchton

-50- Prairie (15) June 29 (1)(KM); Windsor (1)(Springarden Prairie) June 15 (1)(JL+AW); Dundas Valley (11)(E end) June 18 (1 ex fresh), F1amboro Centre (11)(2 km NNW of) July 6 (8 fresh to ragged), Hayes1and (11)(1 km SW of) July 10 (3 worn)(AW); Slate Falls Rd. (25)(1 km Wof Hwy. 41) June 30 (1), Ka1adar Twp. (25)(rai1bed, 1 km E• Hwy 41) June 30 (1), Mountain Grove (25)(Hwy. 7, 2 km N of) June 30 (few)(RAL); Constance Lake (42)(1 km N of) July 6 (5)(PH). 6. Satyrium edwardsii (Grote & Robinson) EDWARDS' HAIRSTREAK (TL - London, Ontario) In 1991 - near Centreton (22) July 5, 29, Northumberland Forest (22) July 10, Brighton (22) July 12 (WJDE); Toronto (19) July 18 (BH); Port Franks (7)(Sanctuary) July 14, Aug. 11 (KS); Toronto (19)(Rouge Valley) July 23 (1)(JPX); Long Point (4) June 29 (3 imrnacu1ate)(TS); Windsor (1) June 29 (15)(KZ); St. Williams (4) July 17 (3)(KZ+RC); July 17 (3)(RC+GB+SD+KZ); Toronto (19)(Lambton Mills) June 17 (1)(WE); Co. Brant (10)(1.1 km SSW of Hwy. 403 & 2) July 7 (1 worn)(WL); Vinemount (11)(2.2 km WSW of) July 12 (1 F not fresh - rare in Hami1ton\Wentworth)(AW); Windsor (1) (Springarden Prairie) June 15 (2 M& 1 F ex fresh)(JL+AW). 7. Satyrium ca7anus (Hubner) BANDED HAIRSTREAK b) c. fa7acer (Godart) - (TL - nr. Philadelphia, PA) In 1991 - Toronto (19)(Warden Woods) July 11 (2 - 1 killed by ambush bug)(JPX); Long Point (4) June 29 (2)(TS); Kingston (26) July 13, 14 & 19 (all at UV light) (DR); Harrow (1) June 14 (1)(KZ); Branchton (15) June 21 (2), Bruces (10)(ENE of) June 21 (5), Oriskany (5) July 14 (5), Shep's Subd. (15)(SE of) July 16 (1)(RC); St. Williams (4) July 17 (2)(RC+GB+SD+KZ); Toronto (19)(Lambton Mills) June 17 (1 nectaring at Mi1kweed)(WE); Co. Brant (10)(1.1 km SSW of Hwy. 403 & 2) July 7 (3), (1.8 km SW of) July 7 (1)(WL); Smithville (12)(Sewage Ponds) June 30 (1)(RD+BCh+ KM); Fifty Point C.A. (12) July 7 (2), 21 (1)(KM+WL); Branchton Prairie (15) June 29 (3)(KM); Westdale Ravine (11) June 17 (6 fresh), Point Pe1ee (1)(opp. Tilden's Woods) June 22 (1 fresh M)(AW); Kaladar Twp. (25)(rai1bed, 1 km E• Hwy. 41) June 30 (few)(RAL); Ottawa (42)(Wendover Ave.) June 17 (2)(PH). 8. Satyrium caryaevorum (McDunnough) HICKORY HAIRSTREAK - (TL - Merivale, Ont.) In 1991 - Rock Chapel (11) June 28 (1)(KZ); Bruces (10)(ENE of) July 1 (1) Oriskany (5) July 12 (1), 14 (3)(RC); Tiffany Falls (11) July 16 (1 not fresh F) (AW); Rockton (11)(2 km NNE of) July 18 (2 not fresh)(AW+WL). 10. Satyrium 7iparops (Leconte) STRIPED HAIRSTREAK a) 7. 7iparops (Leconte) - (TL - Georgia) b) 7. strigosum (Harris) - (TL - Blue Hills, Massachusetts) c) 7. f7etcheri (Michener & dos Passos) - (TL - Manitoba) In 1991 - Northumberland Forest (22) June 29 (WJDE); Port Franks (7)(Sanctuary) Aug. 11 (1 C- Pinery co11ection)(KS); Long Point (4) June 29 (8 fresh), Kirkfie1d (36)(5 km NE of) July 16 (a few worn)(TS); Kingston (26) July 7, 8, 14 & 27 (all at UV 1ight)(DR); Crieff Bog (16) July 2 (2), Iroquois Falls (53) July 28 (1)(KZ); Brantford (10)(Power1ine Rd. at Grand R.) June 29 (1), Oriskany (5) July 14 (8) (RC); Fraserda1e (53) July 22 (1)(LT); Point Pelee (1)(opp. Tilden's Woods) June 23 (1 ex fresh), Valens C.A. (11) June 26 (1 ex fresh F), Rockton Tract (11) July 20 (1 not fresh)(AW); Slate Falls Rd. (25)(1 km Wof Hwy. 41) June 30 (1), Kaladar Twp. (25)(rai1bed, 1 km E• Hwy. 41)(RAL).

-51- Genus CXlIV: Mitoura Scudder 9. Hitoura grynea (HUbner) OLIVE HAIRSTREAK a) g. grynea (HUbner) - (Tl - not stated) In 1991 - Shannonville (24) June 1 (WJDE); Shannonville (24) May 20 (4)(KZ+RC+ SO); Pelee Is. (1) July 13 (2 - first record in many years)(KZ); Point Pelee (1) (West Beach) July 14 (2 ex fresh - start of 2nd brood)(AW+KZ); July 27 (1 fairly fresh - end of 2nd brood)(AW). Genus CXlV: Incisalia Scudder 1. Incisa7ia augustinus Westwood BROWN ELFIN a) a. augustinus Westwood - (Tl - Cumberland House, Manitoba) In 1991 - Ipperwash (7) May 15 (2), Port Franks (7)(Sanctuary) May 15, 19 (KS); Twin lakes (37) May 19 (1)(JPX); Manitoulin (45)(Robinson Twp.) May 29 - June 3 (MH+NI); Ipperwash (7) May 14 (1 very worn F)(TS); Algonquin Park (47) May 18 (8) (KZ+RC+SD); Alfred Bog (43) May 19 (35)(RC+SD+RAl+KZ); Sudbury (49) April 27 (2), May 18 (1), Driftwood Bog (53) June 8 (1), Fraserdale (53) June 8 (1)(GD); Cairo Twp. (50) May 5 (1), 12 (10), Flavelle Twp. (50) May 19 (3), 21 (5), 29 (10)(lT); Millbridge (24)(22 km N of Madoc) May 12 (several flying with henrici)(AMH); Abi­ tibi Canyon (53) May 20 (2 fresh)(AW et al); Smooth Rock Falls (53)(Hwy. 11 E of) May 25 (2 fresh' 6.3 km), (1 ex fresh' 9.5 km), (1 fresh' 13 km)(AW). 3. Incisa7ia po7ia Cook &Watson HOARY ELFIN - (ll - lakehurst, New Jersey) In 1991 - Port Franks (7)(Sanctuary) May 15 (KS); Manitoulin (45)(Robinson Twp.) May 29 - June 3 (MH+NI); Ipperwash (7) & Port Franks (7)(Sanctuary) May 14 (1 at each spot)(TS); Ipperwash (7) April 26 (4)(KZ); Algonquin Park (47)(Airfield) May 18 (1 worn)(KZ+RC+SD); Cairo Twp. (50) May 12 (1), Flavelle Twp. (50) May 21 (1)(lT); Fitzroy Hbr. (42)(4 km ENE of) May 12 (4)(RAl). 4. Incisa7ia irus (Godart) FROSTED ELFIN a) i. irus (Godart) - (Tl - America?) In 1991 - St. Williams (4) none seen on May 5, 8 and 15 after intensive search in the usual habitat areas (KZ). 5. Incisa7ia henrici (Grote & Robinson) HENRY'S ELFIN a) h. henrici (Grote & Robinson) - (Tl - Philadelphia, Penn.) In 1991 - St. Williams (4) April 25 (1 M), 30 (1 F), May 28 (KS); May 1 (6), 5 (14), S. Wals1ngham (4) May 5 (4)(KZ+RC); Alfred Bog (43) May 19 (25)(KZ+RC+SD+ RAl); St. Williams (4) May 11 (5)(RC+GB+CW+SW); Centreton (22)(NE of) May 5 (5 M), Millbridge (24)(22 km N of Madoc) May 12 (several M& F)(AMH). 6. Incisa7ia 7anoraieensis Sheppard BOG ELFIN - (Tl - lanoraie, Quebec) In 1991 - Alfred Bog (43) May 19 (20 - under optimum date/weather conditions, the highest number ever seen here)(KZ+RC+SD+RAl).

7. Incisa7ia niphon (HUbner) PINE ELFIN b) n. c7arki T.N. Freeman - (Tl - Constance Bay, Ottawa Region, Ontario) In 1991 - Northumberland Forest & Oak Ridge Moraine (22)(common during May) (WJDE); St. Williams (4) May 14, 28 (KS); Twin lakes (37) May 19 (1)(JPX); Man1tou-

-52- lin (45)(Robinson Twp.) May 29 - June 3 (MH+NI); St. Williams (4) May 5 (8)(KZ+RC); May 11 (8)(RC+GB+CW+SW); Rockton (11)(Patterson Tract) May 29 (1)(RC); St. Williams (4) May 10 (2)(GD+GW); Sinclairville (11)(2 km NW of) May 28 (1 not fresh F), Hayesland (11)(1i km SW of) June 7 (1 worn F)(AW); Fitzroy Hbr. (42)(5 km SE of) May 5 (1), (4 km ENE of) May 12 (few)(RAL). 8. IncisaTfa eryphon (Boisduval) WESTERN PINE ELFIN b) e. sheTtonensis F. Chermock & Frechin - (TL - Shelton, Washington) In 1991 - Algonquin Park (47) May 18 (6)(KZ+RC+SD); Sudbury (49) April 27 (1) (GO). Genus CXLVII: Euristrymon Clench 2. Eurfstrymon ontario (W.H. Edwards) NORTHERN HAIRSTREAK (TL - London, Ontario) In 1991 - no reports. Genus CXLIX: Parrhasius HUbner 1. Parrhasfus m-aTbum (Boisduval & Leconte) WHITE MHAIRSTREAK In 1991 - no reports. Genus CL: Strymon HUbner 1. Strymon meTinus HUbner GRAY HAIRSTREAK a) m. meTinus HUbner - (TL - Georgia) b) m. humuTi (Harris) - (TL - Massachusetts) In 1991 - Point Pelee (1) Aug. 10 (1 fresh), Sept. 20 (1)(KZ); Sept. 21 (5)(RC+ SD+AW); Point Pelee (1) Aug. 10 (1)(JL); (E side Tip) Aug. 17 (1 ex fresh), (group campgrounds) Sept. 8 (1 ex fresh)(AW); (E side Tip) Sept. 22 (1 fresh)(AW+RC+KZ); Sudbury (49) May 18 (1)(GD); Jevins Lake (38) July 24 (1)(RLB). Genus CLI: Erora Scudder 1. Erora Taeta (W.H. Edwards) EARLY HAIRSTREAK - (TL - London, Ontario) In 1991 - no reports. Subfamily Polyommatinae Swainson Genus CLIX: Everes HUbner 1. Everes comyntas (Godart) EASTERN TAILED BLUE a) c. comyntas (Godart) - (TL - North America) In 1991 - Grafton (22) June 23, Northumberland Forest (22) Aug. 25, S. Cramahe Twp. (22) Sept. 7 (WJDE); St. Williams (4) May 14, Port Franks (7)(meadow) Aug. 22 (KS); Toronto (19)(Glendon Coll.) May 11 (1), (Warden Woods) July 11 (2), Rouge Valley July 23 (5), Mud Lake (6)(nr. Port Colborne) Aug. 4 (1), Port Colborne (6) Sept. 8 (2)(JPX); Point Pelee (1) May 12 (5 M), Aug. 3, 11 (1 fresh M), Kirkfield (36)(5 km NE of) July 16 (1 F), Long Point (4) May 20 (1 M), 25, June 15, 29 & 30 (2 Meach day), July 14 & 20, Aug. 3 (12 fresh), 25 (3 F), 31 (15 fresh), Sept. 7

-53- (a pair), 8 (2 pairs)(TS); St. Williams (4) May 15 (3), Point Pelee (1) Sept. 30 (2)(KZ); Ancaster (11)(Jerseyville Rd.) June 29 (1), Branchton (15) July 1 (14), Rockton (11)(Patterson Tract) Sept. 29 (1 worn M)(RC); Toronto (19)(Humber R.) July 3 (1)(WE); Newport (10)(2.8 km NW of) Sept. 10 (1)(WL); Smithville (12)(Sewage Lagoons) July 6 (3), (Ponds) Aug. 17 (2)(WL+KG+KM+RD+BCh); Branchton Prairie (15) June 29 (8), July 20 (10)(KM); Port Stanley (3) Sept. 28 (4), Niagara Falls (6) Oct. 5 (2)(SD+MD); St. Williams (4) May 10 (1)(GD+GW); Point Pelee (1)(W Beach) May 10 (1 ex fresh M)(WL+AW+KAM); (W side Tip) Oct. 23 (1 worn F- Y§£Y late)(AW). 2. Everes amyntu7a (Boisduval) WESTERN TAILED BLUE b) a. va7eriae Clench - (TL - Lead, South Dakota) c) a. a7brighti Clench - (TL - King's Hill, Montana) In 1991 - Iroquois Falls (53) June 20 (10), Geraldton (52) June 21 (20), Mooso­ nee (53) June 22 (25+)(KZ); Moosonee (53) July 22 (1 very worn)(RC); Smokey Falls (7 km S of)(53) June 8 (5), Fraserdale (53)(11 km S of) June 8 (1)(SD+GD); Fournier Twp. (53) June 15 (common), Brower Twp. (53) June 16 (1)(LT). Genus CLVII: Celastrina Tutt 1. Ce7astrina 7adon (Cramer) SPRING AZURE a) 7. 7adon (Cramer) - (TL - unknown) form vio7acea; form tuc ia; form "neg7ectamajor" (may be a separate sp.); form 7ucimargina; form marginata. In 1991 - st. Williams (4) April 23 (6), 25 (5), 30 (12), May 28 (2), Port Franks (7)(Sanctuary) April 27 (7), May 15, 19 (2), July 8, 10, 14, Aug. 11, (behind L Lake) April 27 (5), Brantford (10)(Grand R. N of Hwy. 403) May 13 (2), Flowerpot Is. (32) June 3 (30)(KS); Toronto (19)(Rouge Valley) July 23 (1)(JPX); Manitoulin (45)(Robinson Twp.) May 29 - June 3 (2)(MH+NI); Ipperwash (7) April 29 (2), Port Franks (7)(Sanctuary) May 4 (3), Kirkfield (36)(5 km NE of) June 9, Hal­ ton Co. Forest (17) May 8 (6), 23, Long Point (4) May 17, 25, July 14, 20, Aug. 3, 25, 31, Sept.7 (1 M), 8 (6 fresh), Point Pelee (1) Aug. 3 (6 worn), 4 (10 worn), 11 (3 fresh to worn), Sept. 1 (1 fresh M)(TS); Ipperwash (7) April 26 (3), Point Pelee (1) Sept. 17 (2)(KZ); Widespread in Wellington & Halton Cos. April 27, Rockton (11) (Patterson Tract) May 29 (3 - 2 F)(RC); St. Williams (4)(Wilson Tract) May 5 (30), Point Pelee (1) Sept. 22 (2)(RC+KZ+AW); Toronto (19)(back garden) July 10 (1), 23 (1), Aug. 29 (1), (waterfront) July 12 (8 - 2 nectaring at Indian Hemp)(WE); Co. Brant (10)(1.1 km SSW of HWy.403 & 2) July 7 (2), (1.8 km SW of) July 7 (2), Crieff Bog (16) May 23 (1)(WL); Burlington Beach (17) July 6 (1)(WL+KG+KM); Fifty Point C.A. (12) July 7 (6), Branchton Prairie (15) June 9 (2), 29 (1)(KM); Crieff Bog (16) June 1 (1), Grimsby (12)(Sewage Ponds) July 21 (1)(WL+KM); Algonquin Pk. (47) May 18 (3)(SD+RC+KZ); Fraserdale (53) June 8 (1)(SD+GD); Point Pelee (1) Aug. 12 (1)(SD+GD+GB+RC); Sudbury (49) April 27 (4), May 18 (1), Campbellville (17) May 13 (1), Capreol (49)(21 km N of) June 1 (1)(GD); St. Williams (4) May 10 (10)(GD+GW); Matachewan (50) April 27 (several), Cairo Twp. (50) May 5 (6), 12 (30 nectaring on Pussy Willow), 21 (10), North Bay (47)(Himsworth Conc.28) July 13 & 14 (a few)(LT); Carden (36)(Alvar) May 12 (5), Riley Lake (38) May 13 (3), Sebright (35) May 20 (1), Minden (39)(T.S.) May 24 (8)(RLB); fairly widespread in Hamilton\Wentworth, Cochrane District and Point Pelee (up to 80 July 14) April 7 - Oct. 3 (AW); Moun­ tain Grove (26)(Hwy. 7, 2 km N of) June 30 (1)(RAL); Huntley Twp.(42)(Long Swamp) May 20 (many), Constance Lake (42)(1 km N of) July 6 (3)(PH).

-54- Genus CLXII: Glaucopsyche Scudder 2. G7aucopsyche 7ygdamus (Doubleday) SILVERY BLUE b) 7. couperi Grote - (TL - Anticosti Island, Quebec) d) 7. 7ygdamus (Doubleday) - (TL - Pine forests of Georgia) In 1991 - Shannonville (24) June 1 (WJDE); Collingwood (35) June 1 & 2 (1 pair each day)(TS); Kingston (26) June 7 (2)(DR); Algonquin Park (47) May 18 (KZ+RC+SD); Iroquois Fls.(53)(25 km Wof) June 20 (50), Moosonee (53) June 22 (40)(KZ); Nellie Lake (53) July 19 (2 tattered), Moosonee (53) July 22 (1 worn)(RC); Alfred (43) (Sewage Lagoons) May 19 (2)(RC+SD+KZ+RAL); Iroquois Falls (53)(16 km E of) July 22 (1)(SD); Driftwood Bog (53) June 8 (50+), Fraserdale (53) June 8 (50+)(SD+GD); Han­ mer (49) June 1 (1), Lowther (53) July 6 (2)(GD); Cairo Twp. (50) May 21 (10), 28 (6), Fournier & Brower Twp. (53) June 15 & 16 (common), Smooth Rock Falls (53)(33 & 63i km N of on Hwy. 634) July 22 (several)(LT); Smooth Rock Falls (53)(on Hwy. 11 E) May 25 (1 ex fresh I 6.3 km), (3 ex fresh I 13 km), (1 ex fresh' 14.7 km)(AW); Hurkett (52) July 4 (1 fairly fresh) (AW+RC+GDB+JLO); Snow Road Station (26)(rail­ bed 4 km NW of) June 13 (1), Larkwhistle Gardens (32) June 19 (few)(RAL); Huntley Twp. (42)(Long Swamp) May 20 (few)(PH). Genus CLXV: Lycaeides HUbner 1. Lycaeides idas (Linnaeus) NORTHERN BLUE e) i. scudderi (W.H. Edwards) - (TL - Lake Winnipeg, Manitoba) In 1991 - Iroquois Falls (53)(25 km Wof) June 20 (1), Geraldton (52) June 21 (1)(KZ). 2. Lycaeides me7issa (W.H. Edwards) KARNER BLUE a) m. samue7is Nabokov - (TL - "Center" = Karner, New York) In 1991 - St. Williams (4)(Manestra Property) June 23 (1 F)(QFH); July 1 (1 M) (Peter Carson). Genus CLXVI: Plebejus Kluk 1. Plebejus saepio7us (Boisduval) SAEPIOLUS BLUE a) s. amica (W.H. Edwards) - (Tl - Mackenzie's River - Fort Simpson, N.W.T.) In 1991 - Iroquois Falls (53)(25 km Wof) June 20 (25), Geraldton (52) June 21 (20), Moosonee (53) June 22 (5)(KZ); July 20 & 23 (3 tattered each day)(RC); Iro­ quois Falls (53)(16 km E of) July 22 (2) (SO); Geraldton (52)(15 km Wof) July 7 (2)(GD); Smooth Rock Falls (53)(33 km N of on Hwy. 634) July 22 (several)(lT). Genus ClXVIII: Agriades HUbner 1. Agriades rustica (W.H. Edwards) ARCTIC BLUE (TL - Pike's Peak, restricted to Vic. Empire, Clear Creek Co., Colorado by F.M. Brown) d) r. 7acustris (T.N. Freeman) - (Tl - Norway House, Manitoba) In 1991 - no reports.

-55- Family LIBYTHEIDAE Boisduval Genus CLXXVIII: Libytheana Michener 1. Libytheana bachmanii (Kirtland) SNOUT BUTTERFLY a) b. bachmanii (Kirtland) - (TL - northern Ohio) In 1991 - Point Pelee (1) Aug. 11 (3 immaculate)(TS); Point Pelee (1) June 15 (2 - 1 with no palpi?)(KZ+RC); Sept.21 (6 ex fresh)(RC+SD+AW); Sept. 30 (1 fresh) (KZ); Point Pelee (1) Aug. 12 (1)(SD+GD+GB+RC); Sept. 21 (6)(SD); (E side of Tip) June 16 (1 fresh), (Visitor Centre to Tip) July 14 (6 ex fresh), (W side Tip) Sept. 28 & 29 (1 ex fresh each day)(AW); Aug. 10 (2 ex fresh)(AW+KZ).

Family NYMPHALIDAE Swainson Subfamily Argynninae Blanchard Genus CLXXXV: Euptoieta Doubleday 1. Euptoieta claudia (Cramer) - (TL - Jamaica) VARIEGATED FRITILLARY In 1991 - Zurich (13) Aug. 27 (1 very worn)(QFH); LaSalle (1) Aug. 23 (1 F ovi­ positing on pansies in backyard), Windsor (1)(Brunet Pk.) Aug. 25 (6)(JL); Point Pelee (1)(W side Tip) Sept. 28 (1 fresh)(AW). Genus CLXXXVI: Speyeria Scudder 2. Speyeria cybele (Fabricius) GREAT SPANGLED FRITILLARY a) c. cybele (Fabricius) - (TL - New York) In 1991 - Port Franks (7)(Sanctuary) July 8, 14, 19, Aug. 11 (KS); Toronto (19) (Rouge Valley) July 23 (1), Mud Lake (6)(nr. Port Colborne) Aug. 4 (1), Hilton Falls (17) Aug. 11 (1)(JPX); Manitoulin (45)(Robinson Twp.) Aug. 4 - 10 (1)(MH+NI); Zurich (13)(S. Hay Swamp) July 9 (5 fresh M), 17 (1), Aug. 9 (2)(QFH); Long Point (4) June 15, 29 (1 worn pair), 30, July 14 (15 fresh -M& F), 20, Aug. 3, Kirk­ field (36)(5 km NE of) July 16 & 27 (10 each day -M& F), Port Perry (21)(Lagoons) July 19, Point Pelee (1) Aug. 3 (1 worn M)(TS); Walpole Is. (1) May 31 (1), Windsor (1)(Brunet Park) Sept. 30 (1 very worn)(KZ); Point Pelee (1) June 15 (1 - record early date for Pelee), Aug. 12 (1)(RC+KZ); Ancaster (11)(Shaver's Rd.) June 11 (1), Rockton (11)(various areas) Aug. 10 (25)(RC); Dunwich Prairie (3) June 23 (10)(RC+ GB); Toronto (19)(Humber R.) July 3 (1)(WE); Co. Brant (10)(1.1 km SSW of Hwy. 403 & 2) July 1 (2), Guelph Jct. (11)(0.8 km S of) June 19 (1)(WL); Burlington Beach (17) July 6 (1), Smithville (12)(Sewage Lagoons) July 6 (1)(WL+KG+KM); Crieff Bog (16) June 15 (1), Branchton Prairie (15) July 20 (2)(KM); Windsor (1)(Brunet Pk.) May 26 (1), Sept. 14 (1), 21 (1)(JL); Iroquois Falls (53)(16 km E of) July 22 (20) (SD+GB); Matachewan (50) July 9 to Aug. 19 (common at times, few at other times), Smooth Rock Falls (53)(63! km N of on Hwy. 634) July 22 (1 F), Amherst Is. (25) July 31 (a few)(LT); Axe Lake (38) July 25 (1)(RLB); Rockton (11)(2 km NNE of) June 12 (3 ex fresh M- record early for the area), Hayesland (11)(! km SW of) Aug. 22 (2 ragged)(AW+WL); Kaladar Twp. (25)(railbed, 1 km E• Hwy. 41) June 30 (few), Croydon (25)(3 km N of) Aug. 10 (3), Lens (25)(2.8 km SE of) Aug. 10 (1)(RAL); Constance Lake (42)(1 km N of) July 6 (few)(PH).

-56- 3. Speyeria aphrodite (Fabricius) THE APHRODITE a) a. aphrodite (Fabricius) - (Tl - New York Co., New York) b) a. winni (Gunder) - (Tl - Calixte de Kilkenny, Quebec) c) a. a7cestis (W.H. Edwards) - (Tl - Galena, Jo Davies Co., Illinois) In 1991 - Manitoulin (45)(Robinson Twp.) Aug. 4 - 10 (ssp. winni)(MH+NI); long Point (4) June 29 (1)(TS); Manitoulin (45(Birch Is.) June 25 (KZ); Dunwich Prairie (3) June 23 (1), Crieff Bog (16) July 1 (3), Rockton (11) Aug. 10 (1)(RC); Cairo Twp.(50) Aug.6 (common), 19 (a few), Matachewan (50)(Hwy. 566 Wof) Aug. 8 (common) (IT); Axe lake (38) July 25 (1), Dorset (38) July 28 (2)(RlB); Moorey (45) July 5 (6 ex fresh M)(AW+RC+GDB+JlO); Hayesland (11)(i km SW of) Aug. 22 (1 F)(AW+Wl); Slate Falls Rd. (25)(1 km Wof Hwy. 41) June 30 (few)(RAl); Constance lake (42)(1 km N of) July 6 (few)(PH). 4. Speyeria ida7ia (Drury) REGAL FRITIllARY - (Tl - New York, NY) In 1991 - no reports. 11. Speyeria at7antis (W.H. Edwards) ATLANTIS FRITIllARY a) a. at7antis (W.H. Edwards) - (Tl - Hunter, Greene Co., New York) c) a. ho77andi F. & R. Chermock - (Tl - Riding Mts., Manitoba) In 1991 - Manitoulin (45)(very common Aug. 8-22)(RRT); Manitoulin (45)(Robinson Twp.) Aug. 4 - 10 (abundant)(MH+NI); Algonquin Provo Park (47)(Mizzy lake trail) Aug. 18 (1 worn)(TS); Geraldton (52)(40 km N of) June 21 (2)(KZ); Hurkett (52) July 4 (5)(RC+GB+JO+AW); Nellie lake (53) July 19 (35), Moosonee (53) July 22 (25)(RC); Iroquois Falls (53)(16 km E of) July 22 (200+ - most exhibited some wear)(SD+GB); Brower Twp. (53) June 16 (1), Flavelle Twp. (50) June 20 (1), common in the Mata­ chewan area (50) from June 23 to Aug. 8 (LT); Hurkett (52) July 4 (4 ex fresh M) (AW+RC+GDB+JLO); Ferguson's Corners (25)(Hwy. 41, 4.3 km S) June 30 (few)(RAl); Constance Lake (42)(1 km N of) July 6 (few)(PH). Genus CLXXXV: Clossiana Reuss 1. C70ssiana eunomia (Esper) BOG FRITILLARY a) e. tric7aris (HUbner) - (Tl - labrador) c) e. dawsoni (Barnes & McDunnough) - (Tl - Hymers, Ontario) In 1991 - Iroquois Falls (53)(25 km Wof) June 20 (5), (20 km N of) June 20 (10), Geraldton (52)(several localities) June 21 (30), Moosonee (53) June 22 (very common, even one in town)(KZ); Smooth Rock Falls (53)(29 km N of) June 8 (1), Matheson (53)(Bog 10 km S of) June 9 (2)(SD+GD); Brower Twp. (53)(Bog) June 16 (2) (IT). 2. C70ssiana se7ene [Denis & Schiffermuller] SILVER BORDERED FRITILLARY a) S. myrina (Cramer) - (TL - vic. New York, New York) f) S. atrocosta7is (Huard) - (Tl - Jellicoe, Ontario) In 1991 - Manitoulin (45)(Robinson Twp.) May 29 - June 3, June 29 - July 4 (2), Aug. 4 - 10 (1)(all ssp. atrocosta7is)(MH+NI); Crieff Bog (16) June 8 (2), 9 (1) (TS); Crieff Bog (16) May 22 (1)(KZ); Crieff Bog (16) July 1 (1), Moosonee (53) July 21 (12)(RC); Branchton Prairie (15) June 9 (1)(KM); Crieff Bog (16) June 1 (15), 15 (1), Sept. 6 (1 worn)(Wl+KM); Fraserdale (53) June 8 (3), Manitoulin (45) (S. Baymouth) Aug. 24 (3)(SD+GD); Iroquois Falls (53)(16 km E of) June 22 (2)(SD+ GB); Hanmer (49) June 1 (1), Capreol (49)(21 km N of) June 1 (1), Driftwood Bog (53) June 8 (1), Geraldton (52)(Dump) July 7 (1)(GD); Morel Twp. (50) June 1 (10),

-57- Fournier & Brower Twp. (53) June 15 & 16 (several in each area), Smooth Rock Falls (53)(38 km N of on Hwy. 634) July 22 (common)(lT); Axe lake (38) July 25 (1)(RlB); Hurkett (52) July 4 (8 fresh to worn - 1st brood)(AW+RC+GDB+JlO); Hayesland (11) (i km SW of) Aug. 22 (3 not fresh)(AW+Wl). 2. C70ssiana be770na (Fabricius) MEADOW FRITIllARY a) b. be770na (Fabricius) - (Tl - America) b) b. toddi (Holland) - (Tl - St. Margarets River, Quebec) In 1991 - long Point area (4) June 29 (1)(TS); Crieff Bog (16) May 22 (1)(KZ); Crawford Tract & Crieff Bog (16) May 12 (1 in each place), Dunwich Prairie (3) June 23 (3 - 2 F), Rockton (11)(Patterson Tract) Aug. 23 (1 fresh)(RC); Smithville (12) (Sewage Ponds) June 16 (1), 30 (3), July 6 (1), 27 (6), Aug. 17 (1), Sept. 1 (2) (Wl+KM+KG+RD+BCh); Crieff Bog (16) May 23 (2), June 1 (1), Sept. 6 (1)(Wl+KM); Fraserdale (53) June 8 (3)(SD+GD); Iroquois Falls (53)(16 km E of) June 22 (2)(SO+ GB); Fraserdale (53)(35 km N of) June 8 (1)(GD); Flavelle Twp. (50) May 21 (20), Cairo Twp. (50) May 28 (abundant), July 15 (several), Aug. 6 (F laying egg on violet), Fournier Twp. (53) June 15 (1), Smooth Rock Falls (53)(38 km N of on Hwy. 634) July 22 (many)(lT); Sinclairville (11)(2 km NW of) May 12 (1 fresh)(AW); Fassifern (31)(1 km S of) July 1 (1)(RAl); Huntley Twp.(42)(long Swamp) July 6 (1)(PH). 3. C70ssiana frigga (Thunberg) SAGA FRITIllARY a) f. saga (Staudinger) - (Tl - labrador) In 1991 - near Matachewan (50) May 21 (20)(KZ+lT); Moosonee (53) June 22 (3) (KZ); Fraserdale (53) June 8 (5)(SD+GD); Cairo Twp. (50) June 1 (1)(lT). 8. Clossiana freija (Thunberg) FREIJA FRITIllARY a) f. freija (Thunberg) - (Tl - lappland) In 1991 - near Matachewan (50) May 21 (50)(KZ+lT); Moosonee (53) June 24 (1) (KZ); Iroquois Falls (53) July 22 (150)(SD+GB); Fraserdale (53) June 8 (1)(GD); Cairo & Flavelle Twp. (50) May 9 to 29 (10 to 30+)(lT); Moosonee (53) May 23 (1 not fresh)(AW et al). 11. C70ssiana titania (Esper) PURPLE lESSER FRITIllARY a) t. boisduva7ii (Duponchel) - (Tl - ? or labrador) c) t. grandis (Barnes & McDunnough) - (Tl - Hymers, Ontario) In 1991 - Iroquois Falls (53)(25 km Wof) July 28 (10)(KZ); Moosonee (53) July 21 (6), 22 (20)(RC); Geraldton (52)(15 km Wof) July 7 (1)(GD); Smooth Rock Falls (53)(17 km N of on Hwy. 634) July 22 (common), Cairo Twp. (50) Aug. 6 (common), Matachewan (50)(W of) Aug. 8 (several worn)(lT). Subfamily Melitaeinae Grote Genus CXC: Charidryas Scudder 1. Charidryas gorgone (HUbner) GORGONE CHECKERSPOT b) g. car70ta (Reakirt) - (Tl - coastal Georgia) Recorded in 1891 (Toronto).

-58- 2. Charidryas nycteis (Doubleday & Hewitson) SILVERY CHECKERSPOT a) n. nycteis (Doubleday & Hewitson) - (Tl - "middle States") b) n. drusius (W.H. Edwards) - (Tl - Colorado & Arizona) In 1991 - Toronto (19) June 16 (5)(BH); Manitoulin (45)(10t 26, Con. 11, Burpee Twp.) May 17 (RRT); Crieff Bog (16) June 8 (3), 19, Port Perry (21)(lagoons) June 9 (2), long Point (4) June 15 (2), 29 & 30 (3 each day)(TS); Campbellville (17)(6 km S of) May 24 (1)(KZ); Branchton (15) June 21 (1)(RC); Toronto (19)(Humber R.) July 3 (1 worn)(WE); Fraserdale (53)(35 km N of) June 8 (1)(SD+GD); Capreol (49) June 1 (1)(GD); Cairo Twp. (50) June 2 (20), Brower Twp. (53) June 16 (3)(lT); Windsor (1) (Springarden Prairie) June 8 (30 ex fresh), Aug. 11 (fresh, 2nd brood)(AW); Kaladar Twp. (25)(rai1bed, 1 km E• Hwy. 41) June 30 (many)(RAl); Barnum lake (39) June 9 ­ 16 (2)(PH). 3. Charidryas harrisii (Scudder) HARRIS CHECKERSPOT a) h. harrisii (Scudder) - (Tl - Norway, Maine) b) h. hanhami (Fletcher) - (Tl - Bird Hill, nr. Winnipeg, Manitoba) In 1991 - S. Ha1dimand Twp. (22) June 16 (a new colony)(WJDE); Manitoulin (45) (Robinson Twp.) June 29 - July 4 (10)(MH+NI); Oril1ia (35) June 4 (12)(KZ); Ori11ia (35)(T.S.) June 5 (1), Bala (38)(Big Eddy G.S.) June 13 (8)(RlB); Sheffield Twp. (25)(1 km N of Clare R.• Hwy. 41) Aug. 10 (1 larval nest), Perth Rd. (26)(1 km N) Aug. 10 (1 larval nest)(RAl). Genus CXCV: Phyciodes Hubner

Note: James A. Scott (pp 309) has - "227. Phyciodes morpheus (= se7enis = pasco­ ensis) Orange Crescent". In this Summary we are using Memoir .'s 2 & 3 by Miller, Brown et a1.). 3. Phyciodes tharos (Drury) PEARL CRESCENT b) t. tharos (Drury) - (Tl - probably New York, New York) d) t. pascoensis W.G. Wright - (Tl - Pasco, Washington) In 1991 - (form tharos) - Brantford (10)(Grand R. N of Hwy. 403) May 10 (KS); Toronto (19)(Rouge Valley) June 15 (5), 20 (5), (Glendon Co11.) Aug. 1 (1), Port Colborne (6) Aug. 11 (2)(JPX); Manitoulin (45)(Robinson Twp.) June 1 - 3, June 29 ­ July 4 (abundant), Aug. 4 - 10 (occasiona1)(MH+NI); Zurich (13)(S. Hay Swamp) Aug. 9 (15), Kettle Point (7) Aug. 10 (1), Corbett (8)(3 km S of) Aug. 11 (5)(QFH); long Point (4) June 15 (20), 29 & 30 (10 each day), July 14, 20 & Aug. 3 (several worn each day), Sept.7 & 8 (several F each day), Point Pelee (1) Aug. 3 (1 fresh M)(TS); Kingston (26) July 3 (fresh)(DR); Hamilton (11)(near RBG Arboretum) Sept. 12 (5) Point Pe1ee (1)(Tip area) Oct. 18 (4 fairly fresh)(KZ); Hamilton (11)(King's Forest) May 22 (3), Ancaster (11)(Martin's lane) May 23 (8), Grant Point (5) July 12 (100)(RC); Toronto (19)(lambton Mills) June 17 (4), (Humber R.) July 3 (3), (waterfront) July 12 (2), (Islands) Aug. 7 (2)(WE); Co. Brant (10)(1.1 km SSW of Hwy. 403 & 2) July 7 (4), (36 Winter Way) Sept. 1 (2), Newport (10) Sept. 10 (3), Crieff Bog (16) May 23 (2), Sept. 6 (15)(Wl); Smithville (12)(Sewage Ponds) July 6 (8), July 27 (2), Grimsby (12)(Sewage Ponds) July 7 (30), 21 (15), Sept. 7 (8), Kelson Ave. (12) July 21 (6)(Wl+KM+RD+BCh); Smokey Falls (53) June 8 (1)(SD+GD); Iroquois Falls (53)(16 km E of) July 22 (8)(SD+GB); Smooth Rock Falls (53) July 6 (1), Nakina (52) July 7 (1), Aro1and (52)(13 km N of) July 7 (2) (GO); Morel Twp. (50) June 1 (3), Fournier & Brower Twp. (53) June 15 & 16 (many), Rutherglen (47) July 9 (a few), Amherst Is. (25) July 31 (a few), Elgin (27) Aug. 1 (a few)(lT); Orillia (35)(T.S.) June 5 (2), 15 (3), Bala (38)(Big Eddy G.S.) June 13 (2), Mani­ toulin Is. (45)(Misery Bay) June 27 (10), Dyers Bay Jet. (32) June 30 (4)(RlB);

-59- Huntley Twp.(42)(Long Swamp) May 20 (2), Barnum Lake (39) June 9 - 16 (1)(PH); Point Pelee (1)(N end Loop Woods) June 23 (1 ex fresh - start of 2nd brood), (Visi­ tor Centre to Tip) Aug. 3 (10 fresh to worn), (W side Tip) Oct. 23 (2 not fresh ­ record late date for Ontario)(AW et al). In 1991 - (form pascoensis) - Halton Co. Forest (17) May 23 (1), Collingwood (35) June 1 (1), Crieff Bog (16) June 8 (10), 19, Kirkfield area (36) & Port Perry (21) June 9 (15 at each spot), 16 (4 ex. worn), Luther Lake (16) July 7 (worn), Long Point (4) June 15 (20), July 14, 20 & Aug. 3 (several worn each day), 25 (5 fresh to worn), 31 (3 not worn), Sept. 7 & 8 (1 F each day), Point Pelee (1) Sept. 1 (2) Note: not all adults seen at Long Point were positively identified as both ssp. occur there, therefore, the numbers are on the conservative side (TS); Camp­ bellville (17)(6 km S of) May 24 (5)(KZ); Harrisburg (11) June 8 (10), Troy Woods (11) June 8 (5), Long- ridge Point (53) July 28 (1)(RC); Guelph Jet. (17) June 19 (20) Co. Brant (10)(1.1 km SSW of Hwy. 403 & 2) July 7 (3)(WL); Caistorville Woods (12) June 8 (6), Branchton Prairie (15) June 9 (15), 29 (20), Crieff Bog (16) June 1 (30), 15 (15)(KM+WL). 4. Phyciodes batesii (Reakirt) TAWNY CRESCENT - (TL - Gloucester, NJ) In 1991 - Clapperton Is.(45) July 6 (RRT); Halton Co. Forest (17)(Turner Tract) May 22 (8), Orillia (35) June 6 (5 - second Simcoe Co. record??)(KZ); Genus CCI: Euphydryas Scudder 1. Euphydryas phaeton (Drury) THE BALTIMORE a) p. phaeton (Drury) - (TL - New York) In 1991 - Long Point area (4) June 29 (8 immaculate to fresh - both M& F)(TS); Beverley Swamp (11) June 19 (3)(KZ); Ancaster, Rockton, Jerseyville Rd. & Dundas (11) June 17 - July 7 (from 1 to 40), Branchton (15) June 21 (2), July 1 (15), Os­ borne Crs. (10)(3 km NW of) June 29 (2), Crieff Bog (16) July 1 (8)(RC); Westover (11)(2.3 km Wof) June 6 (2 larvae)(WL); Branchton Prairie (15) June 29 (3)(KM); N. York (19) June 20 (4)(GD); Orillia (35)(T.S.) June 7 (8), 14 (2), 15 (1)(RLB); Rockton (11)(21 km NNE of) June 12 (1 ex fresh - record early for Ontario)(AW+WL); Fassifern (31)(1 km S of) July 1 (12)(RAL); Constance Lake (42)(1 km N of) July 6 (1)(PH). Subfamily Nymphalinae Swainson Tribe Nymphalini Swainson Genus CXCVIII: Polygonia HUbner 1. Po7ygonia interrogationts (Fabricius) QUESTION MARK = fabricii (W.H. Edwards) - (TL - Coalburgh, West Virginia) = f. "umbrosa" (Lintner) - (TL - Schoharie, N.Y.) = f. "crameri" (Scudder) - (TL - Massachusetts) In 1991 - Manitoulin (45)(Robinson Twp.) June 29 - July 4 (2)(MH+NI); Toronto (19) June 1, Long Point (4) July 14 (fresh summer form), Point Pelee (1) Aug. 11, Sept. 1 (TS); Beverley Swamp (11)(Cons. Area - Hyde Tract) June 2 (1)(KZ); Oriskany (5) June 2 (1), July 14 (1), Harrow (1) June 15 (1), Mount Healy (5) July 12 (1), Oriskany (5) July 14 (1), Sheffield (11)(SW of) Aug. 23 (1 f. umbrosa)(RC); Bow­ den's Woods (3)(3 km SW of Thamesville (3), June 23 (1)(RC+GB); Toronto (19)(Don R.) June 27 (1)(WE); Burlington Beach (17) July 6 (1)(WL+KG+KM); Point Pelee (1) Aug. 12 (1)(SD+RC+GB+GD); Fenelon falls (36) Sept. 1 (GD+SD); Matachewan (50) June 10 (2 at hops), 13 (1 at hops)(LT); Dundas Valley (11)(Weir's Lane) May 27 (1 dark form), Point Pelee (1)(W side Tip) Oct. 17 (2 ex fresh)(AW); Larkwhistle Gardens (32) June 19 (1)(RAL); Ottawa (42)(Hwy. 16 Wildlife Garden) June 22 (1)(PH).

-60- 2. Polygonia comma (Harris) - (Tl - New York) HOP MERCHANT = harrisii (W.H. Edwards) - (Tl - Coalburgh, West Virginia) = f. "dryas" (W.H. Edwards) - (Tl - Coalburgh, West Virginia) In 1991 - Toronto (19)(Glendon Coll.) May 28 (1)(JPX); Manitoulin (45)(Robinson Twp.) June 29 - July 4 (2), Aug.4 - 10 (common)(MH+NI); Grimsby (12) April 25, long Point (4) July 20 (10), Aug. 25, Ottawa (42) April 27 (TS); Rock Chapel Sanctuary (11) April 9 (3), Pelee Is.(1) Aug. 21 (4)(KZ); Point Pelee (1) Sept. 7 (3)(KZ+RC); Abingdon (12)(SW of) April 27 (1), Burlington Beach (17) Oct. 24 (1)(RC); Point Pelee (1) June 15 (25 - many F ovipositing)(RC+KZ); Toronto (19) (Humber R.) July 3 (1), Scarborough (19)(Rouge R.) July 15 (2)(WE); Glen Morris (10)(2.5 km SSE of) May 19 (1 ragged)(Wl+KG); Point Pelee (1) Aug. 12 (5)(SD+RC+GB+GD); Riley lake (38) May 13 (1)(RlB); Point Pelee (1)(Delaurier Trail) April 6 (25 fresh to worn), (W side Tip) June 1 (2 ex fresh - start of 1st brood), Oct. 17 (1 ex fresh), Hayes­ land (11)(3i km SW of) June 18 (1 ex fresh - start of 1st brood)(AW); Slate Falls Rd. (25)(1 km Wof Hwy. 41) June 30 (1), Mountain Grove (26)(2 km N• Hwy. 7) June 30 (2)(RAl). 3. Polygonia satyrus (W.H. Edwards) SATYR ANGLE WING a) s. satyrus (W.H. Edwards) - (Tl - Empire, Clear Creek Co. Colorado) b) s. neomarsyas dos Passos - (Tl - Salmon Meadows, Brewster, Washington) In 1989 - Cairo Twp. (50) May 19 (1)(lT). In 1991 - Iroquois Falls (53)(25 km Wof) July 28 (1 fresh M)(KZ); Iroquois Falls (53)(16 km E of) July 22 (1)(SD+GB). 4. Polygonia faunus (W.H. Edwards) GREEN COMMA a) f. faunus (W.H. Edwards) - (Tl - Hunter, Greene Co., New York) In 1991 - Otonabee C.A. (37)('Forest Area') July 14 (1 male - first of this species seen by me in 20 years)(WJDE); Haliburton (39) July 15 (1 fresh)(BH & lAH); Algonquin Park (47) May 18 (2)(KZ+RC+SD); Geraldton (52)(40 km N of) June 20 (1), Iroquois Falls (53)(25 km Wof) July 28 (4)(KZ); Algonquin Park (47) May 18 (1)(RC+ SO+KZ); Constance lake (42)(1 km N of) July 6 (few)(PH); Nellie lake (53) July 19 (1 ex. fresh)(RC); Iroquois Falls (53)(16 km E of) July 22 (1 F- virtually uniform gray-brown on the underside resembling the form "silvius", much more common in W. North America)(SD+GB); Fenelon Falls (36) Sept. 1 (1)(SD+GD); Geraldton (53)(dump) July 7 (1)(GO); Big East River (38) July 11 (3), Novar (38)(Bog) July 16 (1), Big East River (38) Aug. 12 (2)(RlB); Smooth Rock Falls (53)(6.3 & 13 km E on Hwy. 11) May 25 (1 worn each 10cality)(AW). 8. Polygonia gracilis Grote & Robinson HOARY COMMA - (Tl - Mt. Washington, New Hampshire) In 1991 - Iroquois Falls (53)(25 km Wof) July 28 (2), (40 km NW of) July 28 (1)(KZ); Nellie lake (53) July 19 (4 ex. fresh)(RC); Iroquois Falls (53)(16 km E of) July 22 (8)(SD+GB); Flavelle Twp. (50) Aug. 6 (1)(lT). 10. Polygonia progne (Cramer) GRAY COMMA a) p. progne (Cramer) - (Tl - Jamaica and New York) In 1991 - Scarborough (19) May 15 (JJ); Kirkfield (36)(5 km NE of) July 16 (1) (TS); Matachewan (50)(5 km S of) May 21 (5), Point Pelee (1) Sept. 30 (1)(KZ); Branchton (15) June 21 (1), Nellie lake (53) July 19 (3), Moosonee (53) July 20 (1) (RC); Bowden's Woods (3)(3 km SW of Thamesville) June 23 (2)(RC+GB); Point Pelee (1) Sept. 21 (1 ex. fresh)(RC+SO+AW); Capreol (49)(8 km N of) June 1 (1)(GO);

-61- Fraserdale (53)(35 km N of) June 8 (1)(SD+GD); Cairo Twp. (50) April 27 (2), May 29 (several), June 27 (3 fresh), July 15 (5 fresh), Aug. 6 (several), Flavelle Twp. (50) May 21 (6), Smooth Rock Falls (53)(Hwy. 634) July 22 (several)(LT); Constance Lake (42)(1 km N of) July 6 (few)(PH); Carden (36)(Alvar) May 12 (3)(RLB); Rockton Tract (11) June 21 (1 ex fresh dark form - start of 1st brood), Valens C.A. (11) June 26 (1 ragged light form - last of over- wintering brood)(AW); Point Pelee (1) (Doug's Restaurant) Aug. 3 (1 worn - end of 1st brood)(AW + TEA); (W Beach) Sept. 21 (1 ex fresh - start of 2nd brood)(AW+RC+SD); (W side Tip) Sept.28 (1 fresh)(AW). Genus CXCVIX: Nymphalis Kluk 1. Nympha7is vau-a7bum ([Denis &Schiffermuller) COMPTON TORTOISESHELL a) v. j-a7bum (Boisduval & Leconte) - (TL - vic. New York, Philadelphia & New Harmony, Indiana) In 1991 - nr. Centreton (22) July 5, Northumberland Forest (22) July 10 (WJDE); Scarborough (19) April 3 & 4, Haliburton (39) July 15, Ajax (20) July 17 (2)(BH); Manitoulin (45)(10t 26 - 29, Con. 1, Burpee Twp.) Aug. 12 (RRT); Manitoulin (45) (Robinson Twp.) Aug. 4 - 10 (cornmon)(MH+NI); Halton Co. Forest (17) May 1 (1 worn), Kirkfield (36)(5 km NE of) July 27 (1 immaculate)(TS); Orillia (35)(Bass Lake Rd.) July 20 (2), Hamilton (11)(RBG Teaching Garden) Sept. 18 (1)(KZ); Fifty Point C.A. (12) May 4 (1), Beamer Point C.A. (12) May 5 (1)(KM); Smithville (12)(Sewage Ponds) June 30 (1)(KM+RD+BCh); Hanlon Business Park (16) April 7 (1), Mountsberg C.A. (16) April 7 (3)(RD+BCh); Cairo Twp. (50)(on Hwy.) April 13 (1), Rutherglen & Himsworth Cone. 28 (47) July 12 & 13 (several each date), Matachewan (50) Sept. 22 (1)(LT); Lake Medad (11)(i km S of) April 25 (1 fresh), Guelph Jet. (11)(3 km S of) April 30 (1 fresh)(AW); Cape Croker Indian Park (32)(1 km E of gate) June 18 (2), Fitzroy Hbr. (42) Sept. 14, 21, 22,Oct. 5 (1 each time examining under eaves and window­ sills - looking for hibernation spot?)(RAL); Constance Lake (42)(1 km N of) July 6 (5), Huntley Twp.(42)(Long Swamp) July 6 (many)(PH). 3. Nympha7is antiopa (Linnaeus) MOURNING CLOAK a) a. antiopa (Linnaeus) - (TL - Sweden) In 1991 - Brantford (10) April 6, May 14, St. Williams (4) April 25, 30, (Mane­ stra) April 23 (3), Port Franks (7)(Sanctuary) April 27, July 14, Flowerpot Is. (32) June 3 (KS); Toronto (19)(Glendon Coll.) May 5 (1), (Rouge Valley) June 20 (1), Twin Lakes (37) May 19 (1)(JPX); Manitoulin (45)(10t 26-29, Con. 1, Burpee Twp.) Aug. 8-22 (several daily)(RRT); Manitoulin (45)(Robinson Twp.) Aug. 4 - 10 (common)(MH+NI); Dunnet Twp. (49) June 10 (10 larvae on willow)(PDS); Campbellville (17)(Robertson tract) May 5 (2)(QFH); Grimsby (12) April 4, Long Point (4) Aug. 3 (TS); Kingston (26) May 5 (5), 12 (2)(DR); Rock Chapel (11) April 9 (1)(KZ); Wood­ land Cemetery (11) April 7 (1), Caistorville Woods (6) April 7 (2), Nellie Lake (53) July 19 (1), Burlington Beach (17) Oct. 24 (1)(RC); Toronto (19)(Casa Loma) April 7 (1), (waterfront) July 12 (1)(WE); St. Williams (4) May 10 (1), Sudbury (49) April 27 (1), Fenelon Falls (36) June 24 (9 larvae pupated - emerged July 5)(GD); Cairo & Flavelle Twp. (50) May (small .'s), Rutherglen (47) July 12 (several), Callander (47)(Wassi Rd.) July 14 (several)(LT); Kinburn (42)(4i km S of) May 5 (few), 15 (1), Constance lake (42)(1 km N of) July 6 (few), Barnum Lake (39) June 9 - 16 (few)(PH); various locations in Simcoe, Bruce, Victoria, Halibur­ ton & Muskoka (small numbers)(RLB); Point Pelee (1) (DeLaurier Trail) April 6 (3 not fresh on maple sap), Kings Forest Park (11) May 30 (1 worn, end of overwinter­ ing brood), westover (11)(1i km NNE of) June 5 (1 fresh - start of 1st brood), Point Pelee (1)(E side Tip) Oct. 23 (1 fresh)(AW).

-62- Genus CC: Aglais Dalman (Note: Scott, page 239, has this as Nymphalis). 1. Ag7ais mi7berti (Godart) MILBERT'S TORTOISESHELL a) m. vi07a dos Passos - (TL - Douglas Station, Newfoundland) b) m. mi7berti (Godart) - (TL - Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) = furci77ata (Say) - (TL - vic. Fort William, North West Terr.) In 1991 - Manitoulin (45)(10t 26-29, Con. 1, Burpee Twp.) Aug. 13 (RRT); Mani­ toulin (45)(Robinson Twp.) Aug. 7 (l)(MH+NI); Kirkfield (36)(5 km NE of) June 9 (6 fresh), July 27 (1 not worn)(TS); Harrow (1) June 14 (1), Manitoulin (45)(Birch Is.) June 25 (l)(KZ); Branchton Prairie (15) June 9 (l)(KM); Matachewan (50) April 20 (1), 25 (1), Cairo Twp. (50) Aug. 6 (6)(LT); Manitoulin Is. (45)(Misery Bay) June 27 (l)(RLB); Point Pelee (l)(middle of Woodland Nature Trail) June 29 (1 ex fresh)(AW); Point Pelee (l)(Tilden's Woods) April 2 (l)(GTH). Genus CCI: Vanessa Fabricius 1. Vanessa virginiensis (Drury) AMERICAN PAINTED LADY - (TL - Virginia) In 1991 - Port Franks (7)(Sanctuary) May 19 (KS); Toronto (19)(Todmorden Mills) June 5 (3)(JPX); Manitoulin (45) Aug. 8-22 (very common)(RRT); Manitoulin (45) (Robinson Twp.) May 29 - June 3 (5)(MH+NI); Campbellville (17)(Robertson Tract) May 5 (l)(QFH); Long Point (4) April 7 (2), May 25, Point Pelee (1) May 11 & 12 (1 worn each day), Port Franks (7)(Sanctuary) May 14, Crieff Bog (16) June 8, Kirkfield (36)(5 km NE of) June 9 (1 worn), Luther Lake (16) July 7 (30 seen in 1 hour)(TS); Caistorville (6) May 4 (2), Point Pelee (1) Oct. 18 (2 fresh)(KZ); Burlington (17) (Board of Ed.) April 23 (1), Caistorville Woods (6) May 4 (l)(RC); Algonquin Park (47) May 18 (1), Shannonville (24) May 20 (1)(RC+SD+KZ); Leamington (1) Sept. 22 (l)(RC+AW); Toronto (19)(back garden) May 28 (1 at Sweet Rocket & Lilac), July 31 (at Buddleia), Aug. 4 (1 worn at Buddleia), (Humber R.) July 3 (1 fresh), (water­ front) July 12 (1 at Purple Loosestrife), (Islands) Aug. 7 (l)(WE); Burlington Beach (17) July 6 (2), Smithville (12)(Sewage Lagoons) July 6 (3)(WL+KG+KM); Co. Brant (10) (Queensway Dr.) July 20 (l)(WL+JG+MG); Beamer Point C.A. (12) May 5 (1), Fifty Point C.A. (12) May 25 (2), Smithville (12)(Sewage Ponds) June 8 (1), 16 (1), Branchton Prairie (15) June 29 (1), Crieff Bog (16) June 15 (l)(KM); Long Point (4) May 10 (l)(GD+GW); Cairo, Flavelle & Morel Twp. (50) May 13 - Aug. 8 (1 to 8 in various areas), Brower Twp. (53) June 16 (1), Smooth Rock Falls (53)(38 km N of on Hwy. 634) July 22 (several - some worn, some fresh), North Bay (47)(Himsworth Cone. 28) July 13 (several)(LT); Barnum Lake (39) June 9 - 16 (5)(PH); Dorcas Bay (32) June 30 (1), Axe Lake (38) July 25 (1), Dorset (38) July 28 (3)(RLB); Point Pelee (1) April 6 2 fresh in 2 locations), Freelton (11)(1 km NE of) May 15 (1 migrating N), Point Pelee (l)(W side Tip) Oct 23 (1 worn)(AW). 2. Vanessa cardui (Linnaeus) PAINTED LADY - (TL - Sweden) In 1991 - Haliburton (39) July 15 (1 fresh), Toronto (19) Jun 9 - Aug. 25, Oct. 15 (a 25 mm long larva)(BH); Port Franks (7)(Sanctuary) May 15 (2), St. Williams (4) May 28 (2)(KS); Toronto (19)(Scarborough Bluffs) May 15 (l)(JPX); Manitoulin (45) Aug. 8-22 (much less common than virginiensis)(RRT); Manitoulin (45)(Robinson Twp.) Aug. 4 - 10 (common)(MH+NI); Corbett (8)(3 km S of) Aug. 11 (1 C), Bayfield (13) Aug. 14 (1 C)(QFH); Long Point (4) May 15 & 16, July 14 (6 worn), 20 (very worn), Aug. 3 (worn), Halton Co. Forest (17) May 22 (worn), Kirkfield (36)(5 km NE of) July 16 (6 worn), 27 (worn), Point Pelee (1) Aug. 3 & 4 (5 worn each day), 11 (6 immaculate), Toronto (19)(Leslie Spit) Aug. 29 (1 very worn)(TS); Kingston (26) June 6 (at Rocket flowers), Huntsville (38) Aug. 29 (at Buddleia flowers)(DR); Alfred Bog (43) May 19 (4), Iroquois falls (53) June 20 (100), Moosonee (53) June

-63- 22 (very common), Point Pelee (1) Oct. 18 (2)(KZ); Alfred (43)(Bog) May 19 (10 ­ migrating), (Sewage Lagoons) May 19 (6)(RC+SD+RAL+KZ); Hurkett (52) July 4 (1)(RC+ GB+JO+AW); Caledonia (5)(SE of) June 2 (1), Moosonee (53) July 20 (8), Longridge Pt. (53) July 26 (2), Aug. 1 (3), Long Point (4) Aug. 28 (2), Niagara Falls (6) Nov. 1 (1)(RC); Point Pelee (1) Sept. 22 (3)(RC+AW); Toronto (19)(back garden) April 12 (1), July 31 (1 at Buddleia), Aug. 4 (1 worn at Buddleia), 22 (1 fresh at Buddleia), (Humber R.) July 3 (2), (waterfront) July 12 (5 nectaring at thistle and Purple Loosestrife), Scarborough (19)(Rouge R.) July 15 (1)(WE); Co. Brant (10)(1.8 km SW of Hwy. 403 & 2) July 7 (1)(WL); Fifty Point C.A. (12) May 25 (1), Smithville (12)(Sewage Ponds or Lagoons) June 30 (9), July 6 (2), Aug. 17 (1), Grimsby (12) (Sewage Ponds) July 21 (1), Sept. 7 (1 ex fresh)(WL+KM+KG+RD+BCh); Smooth Rock Falls (53) June 8 (4)(SD+GD); Iroquois Falls (53) July 22 (4)(SD+GB); Point Pelee (1) Aug. 12 (10+)(SD+RC+GD+GB); North York (19) May 29, Lowther (53) July 6 (1), Geraldton (52)(15 km Wof) July 7 (1)(GD); Dyers Bay Jet. (32) June 30 (1), Graven­ hurst (38) July 27 (1)(RLB); Moosonee (53) May 20 (1 not fresh)(AW); Abitibi Canyon (53) May 20 (1 not fresh), Moose Factory (53) May 21 (5 worn), Ship Sands Is. (53) May 22 (20 worn), Moosonee (53) May 23 (15 worn)(AW et all; Bromley (40)(4i km N of) June 22 [3rd instar larva on Viper's Bugloss (Echium vulgare) - 2 larval nests on Bull Thistle (Cirsium vulgare)], Aug. 10 [various areas in Camden Twp. (25) ­ larval nests on Bull Thistle], Fitzroy Hbr. (42) Oct. 5 (1 fresh on Aster)(RAL). 4. Vanessa atalanta (Linnaeus) RED ADMIRAL - (TL - Sweden) In 1991 - Flowerpot Is. (32) June 3 (KS); Toronto (19)(Rouge Valley) June 20 (1)(JPX); Manitoulin (45)(Robinson Twp.) May 29 - June 3, Aug. 4 - 10 (1)(MH+NI); Zurich (13)(S. Hay Swamp) July 9 (2)(QFH); St. Williams (4) May 5 (2)(KZ+RC); Point Pelee (1) Oct. 18 (2)(KZ); Long Point (4) April 28 (8), Leamington (1) Sept. 22 (2) (RC+AW); Halton Co. Forest (17) May 4 (1)(RC+JO); Toronto (19)(back garden) May 28 (1 worn at Sweet Rocket), July 21 (1 worn at Buddleia, Joe-Pye Weed and Bergamot), Aug. 4 (2 at Buddleia), (waterfront) July 12 (2 nectaring at Indian Hemp)(WE); Barnum Lake (39) June 9 - 16 ()(PH); Brantford (10)(Grand R.) July 13 (1)(WL+KG); Fifty Point C.A. (12) May 4 (1), June 22 (1)(KM); Crieff Bog (16) June 1 (1)(WL+ KM); St. Williams (4) May 10 (2)(GD+GW); Kirkland Lake (50) April 7 (1)(LT); Mani­ toulin Is. (45)(Misery Bay) June 27 (2), Crane River (32) June 30 (1)(RLB); Point Pelee (1)(DeLaurier Trail) April 6 (25 fresh to worn on maple sap), (W side Tip) Oct. 23 (2 fresh), Dundas Valley (11) (Weir's Lane) May 27 (1 ex fresh - start of 2nd brood)(AW). Genus CCVIV: Junonia HUbner 1. Junonia coenia (HUbner) THE BUCKEYE (TL - not stated, probably "United States") In 1991 - Toronto (19)(waterfront) July 27 (BH & JJ); Port Franks (7)(meadow) Aug. 21 (2 - 1 in Pinery collection: according to Pinery staff, this was the 4th year in a row that Buckeyes were seen or collected from that one site)(KS); Point Pelee (1) Aug.4 (5 immaculate), 11 (3 fresh)(TS); Point Pelee (1) Aug.10 (3), Sept. 17 (15), Oct. 18 (4), Pelee Is. (1) Sept. 21 (1)(KZ); Point Pelee (1) Aug. 12 (4) (RC+GB+GD+SD); Sept. 21 (30)(RC+SD+AW); Leamington (1) Sept. 22 (3)(RC+AW); Toronto (19)(Islands) Aug. 7 (17 - most observed on western beaches)(WE); LaSalle (1) June 26 (1), Point Pelee (1) June 29 (1)(JL); Point Pelee (1)(W Beach) Aug. 3 (9 ex fresh)(AW + TEA); fair numbers Aug. 10 to Oct 23 at various areas of Point Pelee up to a high of 20 fresh to worn on Sept. 22 (AW et all.

-64- Subfamily limenitidinae Behr Genus CCVII: Basilarchia Scudder 1. Bssi7srchis srthemis (Drury) a) s. srthemis (Drury) BANDED PURPLE - (Tl - New York) b) s. rubrofssciata Barnes & McDunnough BANDED PURPLE (Tl - Manitoba, Sask. and Alberta) c) a. astyanax (Fabricius) RED SPOTTED PURPLE - (Tl - America) In 1991 - (arthemfs) - Northumberland Co. (22) abundant during June, Northum­ berland Forest (22) Aug. 5 (2 fresh males - 2nd brood?)(WJDE); Scarborough (19) Aug. 25 (AH & lH); Toronto (19)(Glendon Coll.) June 12, (Rouge Valley) June 20 (10), July 23 (1 on Joe-Pye weed)(JPX); Manitoulin (45) Aug. 8-22 (very common, 100's everywhere), (lot 25, Con. 1, Burpee Twp.) Aug. 13 (1 a7bofasciata)(RRT); Manitoulin (45)(Robinson Twp.) June 29 - July 4 (5), Aug. 4 - 10 (common)(MH+NI); Pinery Park (7) July 5 (1 C)(Gordon Vogg via Terry Crabe); Kirkfield (36)(5 km NE of) June 9 (19 fresh), July 16 (several), 27 (1 not worn), Port Perry (21)(lagoons) June 19 (1), Luther Lake area (16) July 7 (TS); Kingston (26) July 3 (3), 19, 22 (very ragged), Huntsville (38) June 16, 17 (4)(DR); Iroquois Falls (53)(25 km Wof) June 20 (20)(KZ); Hurkett (52) July 4 (1)(RC+GB+JO+AW); Barnum Lake (39) June 9 ­ 16 (many)(PH); Nellie Lake (53) July 19 (4), Longridge Point (53) July 28 (2)(RC); Toronto (19)(Humber R.) July 3 (1), (waterfront) July 12 (1)(WE); Manitoulin (45) (S. Baymouth) Aug. 24 (12)(SD+GD); Hearst (53) July 6 (1)(GD); Matachewan (50)(32 km E of) June 11 (1), (Hwy. 566 Wof) Aug. 8 (1 fresh), Fournier Twp. (53) June 14 (common), Brower Twp. (53) June 15 (1), Cairo & Flavelle Twp. (50) June 20 - July 9 (common), Rutherglen (47) July 12 (a few), Smooth Rock Falls (53)(N of on Hwy. 634) July 22 (1 worn, 1 fresh)(lT); Axe lake (38) June 24 (60), Huntsville (38) (Bri­ tannia) July 10 (50)(RlB); Westover (11)(1, km NE of) June 5 (1 ex fresh), Rockton (11)(4 km NW of) June 28 (1 worn) (AW); Hurkett (52) July 4 (1 not fresh), Moorey (45) July 5 (2 not fresh)(AW+RC+ GDB+JlO). In 1991 - (astyanax) - St. Williams (4) May 28 (8)(KS); Manitoulin (45) Aug. 8-22 (average 1 seen daily)(RRT); Pinery Park entrance (7) June 27 (1), Zurich (13) (S. Hay Swamp) July 9 (1), 17 (1), Aug. 9 (2)(QFH); Ancaster (11) June 8, Port Perry (21)(lagoons) June 9, long Point (4) June 15, July 14 (several fresh), 20 (several immaculate), Aug. 3 (several worn), 25 (1 very worn), Point Pelee (1) Aug. 3 (6 worn), 4 (worn), 11 (5 worn)(TS); Walpole Is. (7) May 31 (2), Orillia (35) June 6 (1), Windsor (1)(Brunet Park) Sept. 30 (1)(KZ); Silverdale Woods & Caistor­ ville Woods (6) June 1 (1 each), Mineral Springs (11) June 2 (1), Sheffield (11)(SW of) Aug. 11 (1)(RC); Point Pelee (1) June 15 (1), Aug. 12 (2), Sept. 7 (1), St. Williams (4) July 17 (1 tattered + 1 ex. fresh) (RC+GB+SD+KZ); Toronto (19)(water­ front) July 12 (1)(WE); Kerns Rd. (17)(below escarpment) June 18 (1)(RD); Cayuga (5)(3 km NE of) June 16 (1), Caistorville Woods (12) June 8 (3), Branchton Prairie (15) June 9 (2)(KM); Crieff Bog (16) June 1 (3)(Wl+KM); Manitoulin (45)(S.Baymouth) Aug. 24 (1)(SD+GD); Bracebridge (38)(S. Falls) June 19 (1), Huntsville (38)(Britan­ nia) July 10 (2)(RlB); Sinclairville (11)(2 km NW of) May 28 (1 ex fresh), Valens & Rockton (11) June 26 (1 ex fresh at each area - start of 2nd brood), Point Pelee (1)(E side Tip) Sept. 7 (1 fresh - 3rd brood, 1st for Pelee & Ontario)(AW et al); (Tilden's Woods) May 23 (2 - record early)(lM); (Woodland Nature Trail) Sept. 1 (1 fresh - first ever 3rd brood start)(SU+JlD et al). 2. Basi7archfs srchippus (Cramer) THE VICEROY a) a. srchippus (Cramer) - (Tl - New York) In 1991 - Port Franks (7)(meadow) Aug. 22 (KS); Toronto (19)(Rouge Valley) June 15 (1), 20 (6), July 23 (2)(JPX); Manitoulin (45) Aug. 8-22 (common -I have only

-65- one previous Manitoulin record - lot 29, Con. 1, Burpee Twp.)(RRT); Manitoulin (45) (Robinson Twp.) July 4 (1)(MH+NI); Zurich (13)(S. Hay Swamp) July 9 (2), 17 (2), Aug. 9 (2), Corbett (8)(3 km S of) Aug. 11 (1), Bayfield (13) Aug. 14 (2), Kettle Point (7) Aug. 10 (1), Dashwood (13)(5 km S of) Aug. 11 (1)(QFH); earliest at Collingwood (35) June 1 (2) & Port Weller (12) June 1 (2) - latest at Long Point (4) Aug. 31 (1)(TS); Kingston (26) June 7 (DR); Crieff Bog (16) May 22 (6), Mooso­ nee (53) June 23 (1), Pelee Is. (1) Aug. 21 (6)(KZ); Beverley Swamp (11) May 28 (1), Branchton (15) Sept. 11 (4), Crieff Bog (16) Sept. 11 (3)(RC); Point Pelee (1) Sept. 21 (5)(RC+SD+AW); Toronto (19)(waterfront) July 12 (2), (Islands) Aug. 7 (13) (WE); Brantford (10)(36 Winter Way) June 15 (2), (1.1 km SSW of Hwy. 403 & 2) July 7 (1 worn), Newport (10)(2.8 km NW of) Sept. 10 (1), Crieff Bog (16) Sept. 6 (3) (WL); Brantford (10)(Grand R.) July 13 (1), (Grand R. at 403) Aug. 18 (2)(WL+KG); Branchton Prairie (15) June 9 (20), 29 (10), July 20 (20), Crieff Bog (16) June 1 (15), 15 (3)(KM+WL); Dutton Prairie (3) July 17 (6)(SD+GB); Manitoulin (45)(S. Bay­ mouth) Aug. 24 (4)(SD+GD); Point Pelee (1) Sept. 21 (1)(SD+RC+GB+GD); Minesing (35) July 27 (1)(GD); Elgin (27) Aug. 1 (1)(lT); Orillia (35)(T.S.) June 15 (1), various areas in Muskoka (July 24 - 30)(1 to 8)(RLB); Sinclairville (11)(1i km NW of) May 28 (1 ex fresh), Hillman Marsh (1)(NW of) Sept. 28 (1 not fresh)(AW). Family APATURIDAE Boisduval Subfamily Apatur1nae B01sduval Genus CCXXI: Asterocampa Rober 1. Asterocampa celtis (Boisduval & Leconte) HACKBERRY BUTTERFLY - (TL - Georgia) In 1991 - Point Pelee (1) Aug. 3 (4), 4 (3), 11 (45), Sept.1 (1 worn)(TS); June 15 (4 ex fresh M- record early for Pelee and Ontario), Sept. 7 (1)(KZ+RC); Aug. 12 (40) (RC+GB+GD+SD); Harrow (1) June 15 (4 ex fresh)(AW); Point Pelee (1)(Visitor Centre) Sept. 22 (1 worn)(AW+RC+KZ). Note: The June 15 records from Pelee & Harrow are record early for Ontario. 2. Asterocampa clyton (Boisduval & Leconte) TAWNY EMPEROR (TL - U. S. - probably Georgia) In 1991 - Port Franks (7) July 8, 14, Kortright Waterfowl Sanctuary (16) Aug. 10 (KS); Pinery Park (7) June 15 (1), July 5 (1), 17 (1 C)(Gordon Vogg via Terry Crabe); Point Pelee (1) Aug. 3 (1 worn), 4 (2 worn)(TS); Point Pelee (1) July 4 (2), Pelee Is. (1) Aug. 21 (2)(KZ); Point Pelee (1) (Post Woods & road at Tilden's Woods) June 29 (1 ex fresh 'light' Mat each 10cation)(AW); (campgrounds) Aug. 3 (2 worn F)(AW+TEA); (Northwest Beach) Aug. 4 (2 worn F) (WL+KAM+BM).

Family SATYRIDAE Boisduval Subfamily Elymni1nae Herrich-Schaffer Genus CCXXIV: Enodia Hubner 2. Enodia anthedon A.H. Clark PEARLY EYE - (TL - Lava, Sullivan Co., NY) = borealis A.H. Clark - (Tl - Hymers, Ontario) In 1991 - Northumberland Forest (22) June 29, July 10, Petroglyphs Provo Park (37) July 14 (abundant)(WJDE); Manitoulin (45)(Robinson Twp.) June 29 - July 4 (2) (MH+NI); Crieff Bog (16) June 19, long Point (4) June 29 (5), July 14 (3)(TS); Kingston (26) July 22 (a bit ragged)(DR); Iroquois Falls (53)(25 km Wof) June 20 (2)(KZ); Brantford (10)(Powerline Rd. at Grand R.) June 29 (2)(RC); Bowden's Woods (3)(3 km SW of Thamesville) June 23 (2)(RC+GB); Hurkett (52) July 4 (2)(RC+GB+JO+

-66- AW); St. Williams (4) July 17 (2)(RC+GB+SD+KZ); Scarborough (19)(Rouge R.) July 15 (2)(WE); Geraldton (53)(15 km Wof) July 7 (1)(GD); Flavelle Twp. (50)(on Hwy. 66) June 20 (1), Smooth Rock Falls (53)(18i km N of on Hwy. 634) July 22 (3 worn)(LT); Huntsville (38)(Britannia) July 10 (3), Mud Lake (38)(Twp. line) July 14 (1)(RLB); Rockton (11)(2i km NNE of) June 12 (1 ex fresh M- record early for Ontario)(AW+ WL); Tyneside (11)(1i km NNW of) July 12 (1 worn)(AW); Kaladar Twp. (25)(railbed 1 km E @ Hwy 41) June 30 (1)(RAL); Constance Lake (42)(1 km N of) July 6 (few)(PH). Genus CCXXV: Satyrodes Scudder 1. Satyrodes eurydice (Johansson) EYED BROWN a) e. eurydice (Johansson) - (TL - Morris Arboretum, Philadelphia Co. PA) In 1991 - Hortop CA (22) June 29, July 28 (WJDE); Clapperton Is. (45) July 6 (RRT); Manitoulin (45)(Robinson Twp.) June 29 - July 4 & Aug. 4 - 10 (abundant)(MH+ NI); Ben Miller (13)(Sharp's Creek) June 27 (several)(QFH); Crieff Bog (16) June 8 (2 worn), Brampton (18) June 23 (6)(TS); Kingston (26) July 3 (fresh)(DR); Point Pelee (1) June 15 (1 ex fresh M- record early for Pelee)(KZ+RC); Branchton (15) Sept. 13 (1)(KZ); Ancaster (11)(Shaver's Rd.) June 17 (10), Nellie Lake (53) July 17 (1), Point Pelee (1) Aug. 12 (2) (RC); Scarborough (19)(Rouge R.) July 15 (1) (WE); Branchton Prairie (15) June 9 (40), 29 (10), Crieff Bog (16) June 15 (10) (KM); Dutton Prairie (3) July 4 (4)(SD+GB); North York (19) June 20 (1)(GD); North Bay (47)(Himsworth Cone. 28) July 13 (1 worn)(LT); Westover (11)(1i km NNE of) June 5 (2 ex fresh M- record early for Ontario), Point Pelee (1)(Shuster Trail east) Sept. 8 (1 worn F- possibly 2nd brood and ~ late for this area)(AW); Slate Falls Rd. (25)(1 km E of Hwy. 41) June 30 (many), Bon Echo Provo Park (25)(7.4 km N on Hwy. 41) June 30 (3), Highway 41 (25)(2 km S of Hwy. 506) June 30 (many), Moun­ tain Grove (26)(2 km N on Hwy. 7) June 30 (30(RAL); Constance Lake (39)(1 km N of) July 6 (few)(PH). 2. Satyrodes appa7achia (R.L. Chermock) APPALACHIAN EYED BROWN a) a. appa7achia R.L. Chermock) - (TL - Conestee Falls, N. Carolina) b) a. 7eeuwi (Gatrelle & Arbogast) - (TL - Wakelee, Cass Co., Michigan) In 1991 - Hortop CA (22) July 4, 23, 28 (WJDE); Point Pelee (1) June 15 (1) (KZ+RC); Halton Co. Forest (17)(Turner Tract) July 2 (3)(KZ); Thamesville (2)(Bow­ den's Woods) June 23 (1)(RC+GB); Valens (11) June 25 (10), Brantford (10)(Powerline Rd. at Grand R.) June 29 (2)(RC); Toronto (19)(Humber R.) July 3 (3 in sedge marsh near swamp), Scarborough (19)(Rouge R.) July 15 (1 on trail in woods)(WE); Westover (11)(2 km Wof) June 5 (1 ex fresh M- record early for Ontario), Point Pelee (1) (Shuster Trail east) June 22 (1 ex fresh M- record early for Pelee)(AW). Subfamily Satyrinae Boisduval Genus CCXXXIX: Megisto HUbner 1. Megisto cyme7a (Cramer) LITTLE WOOD SATYR a) c. cyme7a (Cramer) - (TL - ?) In 1991 - St. Williams (4) May 28 (KS); Toronto (19)(Todmorden Mills) June 5 (2), (Glendon Coll.) June 12 (1), (Rouge Valley) June 15 (5), 20 (5)(JPX); Manitou­ lin (45)(Robinson Twp.) June 29 - July 4 (2)(MH+NI); St. Williams (4)(Forest Nur­ sery) June 23 (several)(QFH); Ancaster (11) June 8 (10), Long Point (4) June 15 (30), 29 & 30 (2 each day), Crieff Bog (16) June 19 (TS); Kingston (26) June 7 (28) (DR); Campbellville (17)(6 km S of) May 24 (3)(KZ); Ancaster (11)(Martin's Lane) May 23 (1), Shep's Subd. (15)(SE of) July 16 (3)(RC); Toronto (19)(Lambton Mills) June 17 (a few), (Humber R.) July 3 (2 worn)(WE); Branchton Prairie (15) June 9 (20), Crieff Bog (16) June 1 (30)(KM+WL); North York (19) June 20 (1)(GD); Parry Sound (46)(T.S.) May 28 (1), Orillia (35)(T.S.) June 14 (6)(RLB).

-67- Genus CCXXXI: Coenonympha HUbner 3. Coenonympha fnornata W.H. Edwards INORNATE RINGLET b) f. nfpfsfquft McDunnough - (Tl - Bathurst, New Brunswick) c) f. hefnemanf F.M. Brown - (Tl - Grindstone Is., Clayton, Jefferson Co. NY) d) f. fnornata W.H. Edwards - (Tl - lake Winnipeg) e) f. benjamfnf McDunnough - (Tl - Waterton lakes, Alberta) In 1991 - St. Williams (4) May 28, Branchton (15) July 23, Brantford (10) (Grand R. S of Hwy. 403) July 23 (KS); Toronto (19)(Todmorden Mills) June 2 (10), 5 (2), (Rouge Valley) June 15 (5)(JPX); Manitoulin (45)(Robinson Twp.) June 29 - July 4 (2)(MH+NI); Zurich (13)(S. Hay Swamp) Aug. 9 (5), Dashwood (13)(5 km S of) Aug. 11 (1), Corbett (8)(3 km S of) Aug. 11 (1 C), Parkhill (8)(Dam) Aug. 11 (1 C), Bayfield (13)(SE part) Aug. 14 (4)(QFH); Thedford (7)(Sewage lagoons) Aug. 11 (1 C) (Gordon Vogg via Terry Crabe); Port Weller (12) May 29 (1 fresh), June 1 (1 fresh), Collingwood (35) June 1 & 2 (10 each day), 10 (several), Halton Co. Forest (17) June 8 (5), Crieff Bog (16) June 8 (10), Kirkfie1d (36)(5 km NE of) & Port Perry (21) (lagoons) June 9 (100's at each spot), long Point (4) Aug. 3 (4 fresh), 25 (a few), 31 (1 worn), la Sa1ette (4) Aug. 24 (1 worn)(TS); Kingston (26) June 7 (18) (DR); near Shannonvil1e (24) May 20 (3)(KZ+RC+SD); Rock Chapel (11) Oct. 22 (1 not worn - incredibly late record)(KZ); Ancaster (11)(Martin's lane) May 23 (1), Long­ ridge Point (53) July 28 (4), Crieff Bog (16) Sept. 14 (1)(RC); Toronto (19)(Is­ lands) Aug. 7 (5)(WE); Grimsby (12)(Sewage Ponds) May 25 (1), July 21 (2), Smith­ ville (12)(Sewage Ponds) May 25 (3), June 8 (30), 16 (5), July 27 (20), Aug.17 (5), Caistorville Woods (12) June 8 (20), Branchton Prairie (15) June 9 (20), Crieff Bog (16) May 23 (1), June 1 (30), 15 (2)(KM+WL+RD+BCh); North York (19) May 29 (1), Driftwood Bog (53) June 8 (1), Hearst (53) July 6 (1), Gera1dton (52)(15 km Wof) July 7 (2), Manitoulin (45)(S. Baymouth) Aug. 24 (1), Fenelon Falls (36) Sept. 1 (4)(GD); Fournier Twp. (53) June 15 (2), Brower Twp. (53) June 16 (several), Fla­ vel1e Twp.(50)(on Hwy. 66) June 20 (many), Amherst Is. (25) July 31 (common)(lT); Oril1ia (35)(T.S.) June 7 (4), 15 (3)(RLB); Smithville (11)(sewage lagoons) May 28 (2 ex fresh in copula), Rockton (11)(4 km NW of) June 28 (1 worn - end of 1st brood), Westover (11)(1i km NNE of) Aug. 7 (30 - start of 2nd brood)(AW+Wl); Big Yerkie lake (25)(at Hwy. 28) June 30 (1), Kaladar (25)(4 km E on Hwy. 7) Aug. 10 (1), lens (25)(2.8 km SE of) Aug. 10 (1)Croydon (25)(4 km N of) Aug. 23 (few)(RAl). Genus CCXXXII: Cercyonis Scudder 1. Cercyonis pega7a (Fabricius) THE WOOD NYMPH c) p. a70pe (Fabricius) - (Tl - vic. Screven Co., Georgia) d) p. nephe7e (W. Kirby) - (Tl - Upper Canada) In 1991 - Pinery (7)(Sanctuary) July 8, 10, 14 (50)(KS); Toronto (19)(Rouge Valley) July 23 (4), Mud lake (6)(nr. Port Colborne) Aug. 4 (1), Forks of Credit (18) Aug. 11 (1)(JPX); Clapperton Is. (45) July 6 (RRT); Manitoulin (45)(Robinson Twp.) June 29 - July 4 (common), Aug. 4 - 10 (abundant)(MH+NI); St. Williams (4) (Forest Nursery) June 23 (1 M), Port Franks(7) June 27 (3 M), Zurich (13) June 29 (1 M), Grand Bend (7)(5 km S of) Aug. 11 (1 F)(QFH); long Point (4) June 29 & 30 (8 each day), July 14 & 20 (several), Luther Lake area (16) July 7 (40), Kirkfie1d (36)(5 km NE of) July 16 (many), 27 (15), Point Pe1ee (1) Aug.11 (2)(TS); Cambridge (15)(Taylor Lake) June 26 (3), Iroquois Falls (53)(25 km Wof) July 28 (1)(KZ); Shep's Subd. (15)(SE of) July 16 (2 a7ope), Bruces (10)(ENE of) June 21 (7), Matheson (53) July 19 (1), Rockton (11)(Patterson Tract) Aug. 23 (1 tattered)(a11 nephe7e)(RC); Toronto (19)(Humber R.) July 3 (fairly common), (waterfront) July 12 (9), (Islands) Aug. 7 (5 worn)(WE); Brantford (10)(1.1 km SSW of Hwy. 403 & 2) July 7 (6)(WL); Kerns Rd. (17)(below escarpment) June 18 (2 very fresh)(RD); Branchton

-68- Prairie (15) June 29 (10)(KM); Smithville (12)(Sewage Ponds) June 30 (20)(KM+RD+ BCh); Matheson (53)(Bog 10 km S of) July 22 (1), Manitoulin (45)(S. Baymouth) Aug. 24 (4)(SD+GD); New Liskeard (50) July 6 (3), Gera1dton (52)(15 km Wof) July 7 (2), (30 km Wof) July 7 (1), Hanmer (49) July 21 (1)(GD); Nipissing Dist. (47)(Ruther­ glen, Himsworth Cone. 28 & Wassi Rd. in Callander) July 12 - 14 (abundant), Elgin (27) Aug. 1 (several), Eby Twp. (50)(on Hwy. 66) Aug. 9 (severa1)(LT); Mud Lake (38)(Twp. line) July 14 (2), Novar (38)(Bog) July 16 (1), Riley Lake (38) July 30 (8)(RLB); Westover (11)(2 km Wof) June 18 (1 ex fresh M), Hayes1and (11)(3i km SW of) June 18 (2 ex fresh M)(record early date for Ontario), Point Pe1ee (1)(midd1e Nature Trail) June 22 (7 ex fresh M), (W Beach) June 22 (1 ex fresh F)(record early date for Pe1ee)(AW); Sheffield Twp. (25)(Hwy. 41, 1 km N of Clare R.) Aug. 10 (1), Westport (27)(3 km NW of) Aug. 10 (1)(RAL). Genus CCXXXIII: Erebia Dalman 3. Erebia disa (Thunberg) DISA ALPINE a) d. mancinus Doubleday and Hewitson - (TL - vic. Banff, Alberta) In 1991 - no reports. 6. Erebia discoida7is (W. Kirby) RED DISKED ALPINE a) d. discoida7is (W. Kirby) - (TL - Cumberland House, Manitoba) In 1991 - Matachewan (50)(5 km S of) May 21 (15)(KZ+LT); F1ave11e Twp. (50) May 19 (1), Cairo & F1ave11e Twp. (50) May 21 (12+)(LT); Abitibi Canyon (53) May 20 (1 ex fresh)(AW et a1). Genus CCXXXVI: Oeneis HUbner 3. Oeneis macounii (W.H. Edwards) MACOUN'S ARCTIC - (TL - Nipigon, Ontario) In 1991 - no reports. 4. Oeneis chryxus (Doubleday & Hewitson) CHRYXUS ARCTIC a) c. strigu70sa McDunnough - (TL - Gull Lake, Minden, Ontario) b) c. ca7ais (Scudder) - (TL - Rupert House, James Bay, Quebec) In 1991 - Twin Lakes (37) May 19 (1)(JPX); Manitoulin (45)(Robinson Twp.) May 29 - June 3 (common)(MH+NI); Algonquin Park (47) May 18 (40)(KZ+RC+SD); Cairo Twp. (50) May 28 (5), 29 (30+), June 2 (15), Morel Twp. (50) May 31 (5)(LT); Carden (36) (A1var) May 12 (1), Sebright (38) May 20 (1)(RLB). 9. Oeneis jutta (HUbner) JUTTA ARCTIC b) j. ascerta Masters & Sorensen - (TL - Solana St. Forest, Aitken Co., MN) d) j. harperi F.H. Chermock - (TL - Gillam, Manitoba) In 1991 - Moosonee (53) June 24 (6)(KZ); Fraserda1e (53) June 8 (6), Driftwood Bog (53) June 9 (1)(SD+GD); Brower Twp. (53) June 16 (3 - 1 worn)(LT). 10. Oeneis me7issa (Fabricius) MELISSA ARCTIC - (TL - Newfoundland) In 1991 - no reports. 11. Oeneis po7ixenes (Fabricius) POLIXENES ARCTIC - (TL - "America borea1i") In 1991 - no reports.

-69- Family DANAIDAE Duponchel Subfamily Danainae Duponchel Genus CCXXXVII: Danaus Kluk 1. Danaus plexippus (Linnaeus) THE MONARCH - (TL - Pennsylvania) In 1991 - St. Williams (4) May 28, Flowerpot Is. (32) June 3, Ipperwash (1) Aug. 19 (50), Port Franks(1)(Sanctuary) July 10, 14 (6), (Park) Aug. 20 (1000), Port Franks (1)(meadow) Aug. 19 (100), 20 (250) - numbers declined over next week until sporadic, Strathroy (8) Aug. 26 (300)(KS); Toronto (19)(Todmorden Mills) June 2 (1), 5 (1), (Rouge Valley) June 15 (1 F), 20 91), July 23 (2), (Warden Woods) July 11 (5 - 1 pro mating), Hilton Falls (11) Aug. 11 (1)(JPX); Manitoulin (45) Aug. 8-22 (unusually common)(RRT); Manitoulin (45)(Robinson Twp.) May 29 - June 3, June 29 - July 4 (common), Aug. 4 - 10 (abundant)(MH+NI); Zurich (13)(3 km SW of) June 12 (1 M), (5 km SW of) June 12 (1), 29 (1), (S. Hay Swamp) July 9 (1), 11 (6), Kettle Point (1) Aug. 10 (1), Dashwood (13)(5 km S of) Aug. 11 (1), Corbett (8)(3 km S of) Aug. 11 (3), Bayfield (13) Aug. 14 (4), Goderich to Grand Bend (13) Aug. 19 & 20 - Monarch migration along Lake Huron shore - at least 1000 clustered at St. Joseph lakefront and 2 more clusters near Poplar Beach, 4 km N of Grand Bend. These Monarchs flew off early on Aug. 21 (QFH); Norland (36) and south - Aug. 3-8 (many, at least 33 car-killed), Scarborough Bluffs (19) mid-Sept. (many)(N.A. Tremblay); earliest at La Salette (4) and Long Point (4) May 25 (1 not fresh at each spot) ­ latest seen at Toronto (19)(Leslie Spit) Sept. 28 (15) and Whitby area (21)(Cran­ berry Marsh) Oct. 9 (1) - maximum numbers at Pelee (1) on Sept. 1 (1500 - 2000, with 800 - 1000 in roosts, the rest in migration)(TS); St. Williams (4) May 5 (2 worn)(KZ+RC); Point Pelee (1) Sept. 11 (100's), Oct. 18 (3)(KZ); Long Point (4) (Beach) Aug. 28 (300), Burlington Beach Canal (11) Oct. 24 (1)(RC); Toronto (19) (back garden) May 30 (1st seen, 1 at Lilac - then moderate numbers for July & Aug. - 1 tagged F with U. of T. label caught Aug. 9 on Buddleia - released in Downsview Aug. 5), (other areas - fairly common June - Aug.), (High Park) Sept. 6 (21 seen nectaring at various flowers - 1 in low flight - all between 3:45 - 5:00 p.m.), (Edwards Gardens) Sept. 1 (1 only - nectaring at Purple Buddleia)(WE); Brantford (10)(Golf & Powerline Rds.) May 21 (1), (1.1 km SSW of Hwy. 403 & 2) July 1 (8), Crieff Bog (16) Sept. 6 (2)(WL); Burlington Beach (11) July 6 (8)(WL+KG+KM); Fifty Point C.A. (12) May 25 (2), Oct. 21 (1), Smithville (12)(Sewage Ponds) May 25 (3), Caistorville Woods (12) June 8 (2), Branchton Prairie (15) June 9 (2), 29 (2), Crieff Bog (16) June 1 (1), 15 (3)(KM+WL); LaSalle (1) Aug. 10 (1)(JL); Capreol (49)(8 km N of) June 1 (1), Wawa (48) July 8 (1), Minesing (35) July 21 (15 larvae) (GD); Barnum Lake (39) June 9-16 (5), Constance Lake (42)(1 km N of) July 6 (few), Ottawa (42)(Hwy. 16 Wildlife Garden) Aug. 6 (few)(PH); Matachewan (50) June 9 (4), July 5 (common), Rutherglen (41) July 12 (several)(LT); Muskoka, Simcoe, Parry Sound, Bruce and Haliburton (May - August, numbers quite low - highest at Hunts­ ville on July 10 (10) and Gravenhurst on July 21 (10»(RLB); Dundas Valley (11) (Weir's Lane) May 21 (2 fresh - 1 laying eggs on Common Milkweed), Point Pelee (1)(Tip area) Sept. 1 - Oct. 3 (numbers between 50 and 400 fresh), Oct. 14 (3 fresh), 11 (4 ex fresh), 23 (4 ex fresh), Thunder Cape (52) Oct.11 (1 not fresh ­ late for this far north)(AW). ************* ** *** **

-10- Brown Scoopwing (Ca77edapteryx dryopterata) at Kingston, July 28, 1991 (D. Robertson).

Spiny Oak-Slug Moth (Euc7ea de7phinif) at Kingston, July 7, 1991 (D. Robertson).

-71- 7. SUMMARY OF ONTARIO MOTHS Moths are listed as per "A Field Guide to the Moths of Eastern North America" ­ 1984, by C.V. Covell Jr. (Peterson Field Guide). Superfamily SPHINGOIDEA Family SPHINGIDAE Latreille Subfamily Sphing1nae Manduca sexta (Linnaeus) CAROLINA SPHINX In 1991 - Leamington (1) Sept. 1 (at light)(TS); Point Pelee (1)(northwest beach) July 5 (1 at Bouncing Bet flowers), Wheatley (1) Aug. 14-25 (2 - same indi­ viduals)(MKM); Point Pelee (1)(Tip) Oct. 1 (1 fairly fresh at Bouncing Bet)(AW). Manduca quinquemacula (Haworth) FIVE-SPOTTED HAWK MOTH In 1991 - Hamilton (11)(RBG Teaching Gardens) Oct. 2 (1)(RC); Point Pelee (1) (northwest beach) July 5 (1 at Bouncing Bet)(MKM). Ceratomia amyntor (Geyer) ELM SPHINX In 1991 - Arner (1)(Balkwill Woods) May 29 (1 M), Point Pelee (1)(Warden Bldg.) June 26 (1), Leamington (1) June 27 (1 F)(MKM). Ceratomia undulosa (Walker) WAVED SPHINX In 1991 - Moonbeam, Kapuskasing (53) June 16 (5 at light), July 8 (1 at light), Chalk River (40) June 17-27 (18 at light), July 7-18 (4 at light), Kempt­ ville (28) July 22 (1 at light)(PDS). Sphinx kalmiae (J.E. Smith) LAUREL SPHINX In 1991 - Quetico Provo Park (51)(French Lake) June 27 (1 at light), Chalk River (40) June 17-27 (3 at light)(PDS). Sphinx poecila Stephens APPLE SPHINX In 1991 - Quetico Provo Park (51)(French Lake) June 17-26 (23 at light), July 2-11 (4 at light), Chapleau Nursery (49) June 9-25 (7 at light), Moonbeam, Kapus­ kasing (53) June 16-29 (11 at light), July 8-19 (6 at light)(PDS); Algonquin Park (47)(Airfield) May 18 (1 under a tin)(RC+SD+KZ); South River (46) June 8 (1)(GD); Matachewan (50) June 7 (several), Fournier Twp. (53) June 16 (3)(LT). Sphinx luscitiosa Clemens CLEMENS' SPHINX In 1991 - Quetico Provo Park (51)(French Lake) June 17 (1 at light)(PDS); Matachewan (50) June 10 (1 at Lilac)(LT). Sphinx drupiferarum J. E. Smith WILD CHERRY SPHINX In 1991 - Chapleau Nursery (49) June 9 (1 at light)(PDS). Lspars bambycoides Walker NORTHERN PINE SPHINX In 1991 - Quetico Provo Park (51)(French Lake) July 2 (1 at light), Chapleau

-72- Nursery (49) June 7-25 (7 at light), McEwing Twp. (53) Aug. 14 (1 larva on jack­ pine)(PDS); Matachewan (50) June 7 (2 - also several that resembled illustrations of L. coniferarum) (LT). Smerinthus jamaicensis (Drury) TWIN-SPOTTED SPHINX In 1991 - Quetico Provo Park (51)(French Lake) June 17-27 (10 at light), July 2-8 (4 at light), Chapleau Nursery (49) June 5-30 31 at light), July 12-21 (2 at light), Moonbeam, Kapuskasing (53) June 16-29 (28 at light), July 8-22 2 at light), Chalk River (40) June 10-27 5 at light), July 7-27 (9 at light), Kemptville (28) July 30 (1 at light)(PDS); Kingston (26) June 5, 9 (worn)(DR); Matachewan (50) June 7 (several), Fournier Twp. (53) June 16 (several)(LT); Point Pelee (1)(Blue Heron picnic area) June 3 (2)(MKM). Smerinthus cerisyi (Kirby) ONE-EYED SPHINX In 1991 - Quetico Provo Park (51)(French Lake) June 17-19 (5 at light), July 11 (1 at light), Chapleau Nursery (49) June 5-26 (39 at light), July 10 (1 at light), Moonbeam, Kapuskasing (53) June 16-29 (9 at light), July 8 (1 at light), Chalk River (40) June 27 (1 at light)(PDS); Matachewan (50) June 7 (several), Fournier Twp. (53) June 16 (2)(LT). Paonias excaecatus (J.E. Smith) BLINDED SPHINX In 1991 - Quetico Provo Park (51)(French Lake) June 17-24 (7 at light), July 2 (1 at light), Chapleau Nursery (49) June 7-26 (23 at light), July 17 (1 at light), Moonbeam, Kapuskasing (53) June 19-24 (4 at light), July 8 (2 at light), Chalk River (40) June 10-30 (23 at light), July 7-27 (15 at light)(PDS); Huntsville (38) June 20 (DR); Arner (1)(Balkwill Woods) May 29 (1)(MKM). Paonias myops (J.E. Smith) SMALL-EYED SPHINX In 1991 - Chapleau Nursery (49) June 9-25 (4 at light), Moonbeam, Kapuskasing (53) June 19-24 (4 at light), Chalk River (40) June 10-30 5 at light), July 7 (1 at light)(PDS); Kingston (26) May 30, Huntsville (38) June 18 (3)(DR); Matachewan (50) May 29 (2)(LT); Point Pelee (1)(Warden Bldg.) June 11 (1)(MKM). Laothoe jug7andis (J.E. Smith) WALNUT SPHINX In 1991 - Point Pelee (1)(Sleepy Hollow picnic area) June 6 (1), (The Dunes picnic area) June 17 (1)(MKM). Pachysphinx modesta (Harris) BIG POPLAR SPHINX In 1991 - Quetico Provo Park (51)(French Lake) June 17 (1 at light), Chapleau Nursery (49) June 5-25 (18 at light), July 7 (1 at light), Moonbeam, Kapuskasing (53) June 19-24 (6 at light), July 8-11 (3 at light), Aug. 6 (1 at light), Chalk River (40) June 10-27 (20 at light); Hawkins Corners (35) July 5 (1)(GD). Subfamily Macroglossinae Hemaris thysbe (Fabr.) HUMMINGBIRD CLEARWING In 1991 - Kingston (26) June 5 (at exotic lilac flowers), 7 (3 at Rocket flo­ wers)(DR); Matachewan (50) June 3 (1)(LT); Lake Medad (11)(! km S of) May 29 (1 ex fresh), Rockton (11)(3 km Wof) May 29 (1 ex fresh), (2 km NNE of) July 18 (3

-73- fresh), Dundas valley (11)(at RR line) July 10 (1)(AW+WL); Hayes1and (11)(3; km WSW of) July 9 12 fresh), (1 km SW of) July 10 (15 ex fresh)(AW). Hemaris diffinis (Boisduva1) SNOWBERRY CLEARWING In 1991 - Matachewan (50) June 10 (severa1)(LT); Long Point (4) July 14 (TS); Abitibi Canyon (53) May 20 (1 ex fresh)(AW et a1); Smooth Rock Falls (53)(9; km E on Hwy. 11) May 25 (1 fresh), F1amboro Centre(11)(2 km NNW of) July 6 (1 fresh), Hayes1and (11)(3; km WSW of) July 9 (1 fresh)(AW); Dundas valley (11)(RR line) & Spencer Gorge (11)(RR line) July 10 (1 at each location)(AW+WL). Eumorpha pandorus (HObner) PANDORA SPHINX In 1991 - Hamilton (11)(RBG Teaching Gardens) Oct. 9 (1)(RC); Point Pe1ee (1) (northwest beach) July 5 (2 at Bouncing Bet)(MKM). Deidamia inscripta (Harris) LETTERED SPHINX In 1991 - Point Pe1ee (1)(Visitor Centre) June 3 (2)(MKM). Amphion f70ridensis B.P. Clark NESSUS SPHINX In 1991 - Long Point (4) June 15 (1 flying during the day)(TS); Dundas valley (11)(Weir's Lane) May 27 (1 ex fresh), Waterdown (11)(1; km NW of) June 6 (1 worn), Hayes1and (11)(1 km SW of) June 7 (1 fresh)(AW). Darapsa myron (Cramer) HOG or VIRGINIA CREEPER SPHINX In 1991 - Matachewan (50) June 7 (many)(LT); Arner (1)(Ba1kwi11 Woods) June 27 (1)(MKM). Darapsa pho7us (Cramer) AZALEA SPHINX In 1991 - Huntsville (38) June 16 (DR); Matachewan (50) June 7 (1)(LT). Xy70phanes tersa (Linnaeus) TERSA SPHINX In 1991 - Point Pe1ee (1) Sept. 21 (1 fairly fresh at Bouncing Bet flowers) (RC+AW); Oxley (1) Aug. 17 (2), 23 (4), Sept. 10 (3)(JL). Hy7es 7ineata (Fabr.) WHITE-LINED SPHINX In 1991 - Point Pelee (1)(Tip) Sept. 21 (1 at Bouncing Bet), (White Pine picnic area) Sept. 21 (1 f1ushed)(RC+AW). Hy7es ga77ii (Rottenburg) GALIUM SPHINX In 1991 - Neys Provo Park (52) July 7 (1)(GD).

Family: SATURNIIDAE Schrank Dryocampa rubicunda (Fabricius) ROSY MAPLE MOTH In 1991 - Matachewan (50) May 29 (3), June 7 (several)(LT); Point Pe1ee (1) (Maintenance Bldg. & Sleepy Hollow) June 6 (1 at each 10cation)(MKM).

-74- Autameris io (Fabr.) 10 MOTH In 1991 - Pinery Park (7) May 23 - June 10 (Gordon Yogg via Terry Crabe); Arner (l)(Balkwill Woods) May 29 (5 M), Point Pelee (l)(Sleepy Hollow picnic area) June 6 (1 fresh M)(MKM); Rockton (11) July 11 (1 fresh)(AW). Antheraea po7yphemus (Cramer) POLYPHEMUS MOTH In 1991 - Deans Twp. (49) July 29 (1 larva on white birch), Moonbeam, Kapus­ kasing (53) June 16-29 (6 at light), Chalk River (40) June 27 (2 at light) (PDS); Kingston (26) July 3 (1 F - a bit ragged), Huntsville (38) June 20 (M)(DR); Mata­ chewan (50) May 29 (several), Fournier Twp. (53) June 16 (several)(LT); Rockton (11) July 11 (1 fresh)(AW). Actias 7una (Linnaeus) LUNA MOTH In 1991 - Pinery (7) May 23 (1 M)(Gordon Yogg via Terry Crabe); Matachewan (50) May 29 (many), June 7 (several)(LT). Ca770samia pramethea (Drury) PROMETHEA MOTH In 1991 - Pinery Park (7) June 2 (1 M)(Gordon Yogg via Terry Crabe); Point Pelee (1) June 19 (1 Memerged from pupa), (DeLaurier Trail) June 24 (1 F)(MKM). Hya7ophora cecropia (Linnaeus) CECROPIA MOTH In 1991 - Kingston (26) July 19 (last instar larva on species of Dogwood ­ started spinning on July 24)(DR); Matachewan (50) May 29 (2), June 7 (3)(LT); Etobicoke (19) Aug. 2 (1 at light)(TS); Leamington (1) June 17 (1), 24 (1), Point Pelee 91)(park gate) June 26 (1 M), Hillman Marsh (1) June 26 (1 F)(MKM).

Superfamily: NOCTUOIDEA Family: LASIOCAMPIDAE Phy770desma americana (Harris) LAPPET MOTH In 1991 - Matachewan (50) May & June (very common)(LT). Ha7acosama disstria (HUbner) FOREST TENT CATERPILLAR In 1991 - Long Point (4) June 29 (TS).

Family: MIMALLONIDAE Lacosama chiridota Grote SCALLOPED SACK-BEARER In 1991 - Arner (l)(Balkwill Woods) June 20 (l)(MKM).

-75- Family: ARCTIIDAE Hypoprepia miniata (Kirby) SCARLET-WINGED LICHEN MOTH In 1991 - Kirkfield (36) July 27 (TS); Point Pelee (1)(Sleepy Hollow picnic area) June 6 (3)(MKM). Hap70a e7ymene (Brown) CLYMENE MOTH In 1991 - Tyneside (11)(11 km NNW of) July 12 (1 ex fresh)(AW). Hap70a eontigua (Walker) THE NEIGHBOUR In 1991 - Long Point (4) June 15 (TS). Aretia eaja Linn. GREAT TIGER MOTH In 1991 - Quetico Provo Park (51)(French Lake) July 24 (1 at light), Chalk River (40) July 18-31 (72 at light), Kemptville (29) July 30 (1 at light)(PDS). P7ataretia parthenos (Harris) ST. LAWRENCE TIGER MOTH In 1991 - Quetico Provo Park (51)(French Lake) June 17-27 (84 at light), July 2-15 (31 at light), Chapleau Nursery (49) June 9-30 (19 at light), July 7 (1 at light), Moonbeam, Kapuskasing (53) June 16-29 (6 at light), July 8-11 (6 at light) (PDS); Matachewan (50) June 7 (several), Fournier Twp. (53) June 16 (1)(LT). Grammia virguneu7a (Kirby) LITTLE VIRGIN MOTH In 1991 - Kingston (26) June 8 (DR). Grammia virgo (Linnaeus) VIRGINIA TIGER MOTH In 1991 - Ingersol area (9) July 13 (TS). Pyrrharetia isabe77a (J.E. Smith) ISABELLA TIGER MOTH In 1991 - Kirkfield (36) June 27 (TS). Estigmene aerea (Drury) SALT MARSH MOTH In 1991 - Collingwood (35) June 1 & 2 (1 pair each day)(TS). Spi7osoma 7atfpennfs Stretch PINK-LEGGED TIGER MOTH In 1991 - Collingwood (35) June 2 (TS). Grammfa arge (Drury) ARGE MOTH In 1991 - Kirkfield (36) July 27 (flushed in daylight)(TS). Euehaetes eg7e (Drury) MILKWEED TUSSOCK MOTH In 1991 - Kirkfield (36) July 16 (TS).

-76- Ctenucha virginica (Esper) VIRGINIA CTENUCHA In 1991 - Port Weller (12) May 29, Halton Co. Forest (17) June 8, Kirkfield (36) June 9, July 16 & 27, Long Point (4) June 15 - Sept. 8, Oct. 26, Port Perry (21) July 19, La Salette (4) Aug. 24, Point Pelee (1) Sept. 1 (TS); Puslinch (11)(2 km E of) June 4 (4 ex fresh)(AW). Cisseps fu7vico77is (HUbner) YELLOW-COLLARED SCAPE MOTH In 1991 - Halton Co. Forest (17) June 8, Long Point (4) June 15 (TS).

Famil y: COSSIDAE Acossus centerensis Lint. In 1991 - Moonbeam, Kapuskasing (53) June 16-29 (2 at light)(PDS). Prionyxtus robiniae (Peck) CARPENTERWORM MOTH In 1991 - Arner (1)(Balkwill Woods) June 20 (1)(MKM). Prionoxystus macmurtrei (Guerin) - LITTLE CARPENTERWORM MOTH In 1991 - Fournier Twp. (53) June 16 (2)(LT).

Family: NOCTUIDAE Subfamily: Acronictinae Harrisimemma trisignata (Walker) - HARRIS'S THREESPOT In 1991 - Kingston (26) July 16 (OR). Subfamily: Amph1pyr1nae Nedra ramu70sa (Guenee) GRAY HALF-SPOT In 1991 - Brampton (18) Aug. 23 (at buglight)(TS). Amphipyra pyramidoides Guenee - COPPER UNDERWING In 1991 - Pelee (1) Sept.1 (5 at bait), Long Point (4) Sept.7 (3 at bait)(TS). Stiriodes obtusa (Herrich-Schaffer) OBTUSE YELLOW In 1991 - Point Pelee (1)(DeLaurier Trail) June 24 (1 - first Canadian record) (MKM). Subfamily: Noctu1nae Fe7tia jacu7ifera (Guenee) DINGY CUTWORM MOTH In 1991 - La Salette (4) Aug. 30 & 31 (several at light), Tillsonburg (9) Sept. 6 (at light), Point Pelee (1) Sept. 1 (TS).

-77- Subfamily: Cucu111nae Lithophane bethunei (Grote & Robinson) BETHUNE'S PINION In 1991 - Point Pe1ee (1)(DeLaurier Parking area) April 6 (12 fairly fresh ­ on sap)(AW); April 7 (15 - on sap)(AW+MKM). Subfamily: P1usiinae Anagrapha fa lcifera (Ki rby) CELERY LOOPER MOTH In 1991 - La Sa1ette (4) July 13 (several at light), Point Pe1ee (1) Aug. 11 (50+ feeding during the day), Sept. 1 (severa1)(TS). Subfamily: Agaristinae Eudryas unio (HUbner) - PEARLY WOOD NYMPH In 1991 - Long Point (4) June 15 (TS); Point Pe1ee (1)(Visitor Centre) June 12 (1), (DeLaurier Trail) June 24 (1)(MKM). Eudryas grata (Fabr.) BEAUTIFUL WOOD NYMPH In 1991 - Point Pe1ee (1)(Visitor Centre) June 12 (1), (Warden Bldg.) June 24 (1)(MKM). Psychomorpha epimenis (Drury) GRAPEVINE EPIMENIS In 1991 - St. Williams (4) May 5 (1)(RC+KZ); Hyde Tract (11) May 8 (3 fresh) (AW+WL); Mineral Springs (11) May 13 (6 fresh to worn), Carlisle (11)(3i km SE of) May 15 (2 fresh), Sheffield (11)(2i km S of) May 16 (1 fresh)(AW); Dundas (11) May 15 (1 ex fresh)(RGF). Alypia octomaculata (Fabr.) EIGHT-SPOTTED FORESTER In 1991 - Long Point (4) May 25, June 29 (TS); Harrow (1) May 11 (1 ex fresh), Dundas (11)(Weir's Lane at RR) May 27 (1 ex fresh)(AW). Subfamily: He1iothinae Heliothis borealis WHITE-WINGED BOG MOTH In 1991 - Smooth Rock Falls (53)(6.3 km E on Hwy. 11) May 25 (2 worn)(AW). Subfamily: Acont11nae Thioptera nigrofimbria (Guenee) BLACK-BORDERED LEMON MOTH In 1991 - Point Pe1ee (1)(Shuster Trail east) Aug. 3 (1 ex fresh - first Canadian record)(AW et a1). Cenma cerintha (Treitschke) TUFTED BIRD-DROPPING MOTH In 1991 - Arner (1)(Ba1kwi11 Woods) June 20 (1)(MKM).

-78- Tarachidia erastrioides (Guenee) SMALL BIRD-DROPPING MOTH In 1991 - Point Pelee (1) Aug. 11 (TS). Subfamily: Catocalinae He7ipotis indomita (Walker) INDOMITABLE MELIPOTIS In 1991 - Long Point (4) Aug. 25, La Salette (4) Aug. 31 (TS). Synedoida grandirena (Haworth) FIGURE-SEVEN MOTH In 1991 - Collingwood (35) June 1, Long Point (4) June 29, Point Pelee (1) Sept. 1 (TS). Thysania zenobia (Cramer) OWL MOTH In 1991 - Point Pelee (1) Sept. 1 (1 flushed in daylight along west side of tip - approached within 15 ft. - larger than a Monarch - identification fairly positive after consultation with AW)(TS). Asca7apha odorata (Linn.) - BLACK WITCH 1n 1991 - Scarborough (19)(Kingston Rd. & Victoria Park) Aug. 31 (1 F in the afternoon)(Reported by Fred Bodsworth). la7e 7unata (Drury) - LUNATE ZALE In 1991 - Point Pelee (1) Sept. 1 (10 at bait), Long Point (4) Sept. 1 (1 at bait)(TS). Euparthenos nubi7is (Hubner) LOCUST UNDERWING In 1991 - Point Pelee (1)(Warden Bldg.) June 11 (1)(MKM). Caenurgina erechtea (Cramer) FORAGE LOOPER MOTH In 1991 - Long Point (4) June 29, July 14, Aug. 3, Kirkfield area (36) July 21, La Salette (4) Aug. 31 (TS). Argyrostrotis ani7is (Drury) SHORT-LINED CHOCOLATE In 1991 - Westover (11)(1i km NW of) June 5 (1 ex fresh), Hayesland (11)(3i km SW of) June 18 (2 not fresh)(AW). Catoca7a innubens Guenee - THE BETROTHED In 1991 - Kingston (26) Aug. 1 (at bait)(DR). Catoca7a obscura Strecker OBSCURE UNDERWING In 1991 - Arner (1)(Balkwill Woods) June 21 (1)(MKM). Catoca7a epione (Drury) - EPIONE UNDERWING In 1991 - Kingston (26) July 1 (UV)(DR).

-79- Catoca7a subnata Grote - YOUTHFUL UNDERWING In 1991 - Kingston (26) Aug. 8 (bait)(DR). Catoca7a cerogama Guenee - YELLOW-BANDED UNDERWING In 1991 - Kingston (26) Aug. 7 (bait), 8 (3 at bait)(DR). Catoca7a re7icta Walker - WHITE UNDERWING In 1991 - Kingston (26) July 19, Aug. 8 & 9 (all at bait), Huntsville (38) Aug. 29 & 30 (at bait), Sept. 8 (UV)(DR). Catoca7a unijuga Walker - ONCE-MARRIED UNDERWING In 1991 - Kingston (26) Aug. 8 (bait)(DR). Catoca7a parta Guenee - MOTHER UNDERWING

In 1991 - Kingston (26) Aug. 7 (bait)(DR). Catoca7a cara Guenee - DARLING UNDERWING In 1991 - Kingston (26) Aug. 5 & 8 (2)(all at bait)(DR); Point Pelee (1) Sept. 21 (1)(RC+SD+AW); Pelee (1) Sept. 1 (2 sheltered in a structure)(TS); Point Pelee (1)(White Pine picnic area) Sept. 21 (1 fairly fresh)(AW+RC+SD). Catoca7a concumbens Walker - SLEEPY UNDERWING In 1991 - Dundas Marsh (11) Aug. 25 (1)(RC). Catoca7a amatrix (HUbner) - THE SWEETHEART In 1991 - Kingston (26) Sept. 3 (bait)(DR); Point Pelee (1)(Woodland Nature Trail shelter) Sept. 1 (2)(TS); (Visitor Centre) Sept. 21 (1)(RC+ SD+AW). Catoca7a u7tronia (HUbner) - ULTRONIA UNDERWING

In 1991 - Kingston (26) July 18, 21, Aug. 7 & 8 (3)(all at bait)(DR). Catoca7a grynea (Cramer) - WOODY UNDERWING In 1991 - Kingston (26) July 18 & 19 (2)(bait) 31 (UV), Huntsville (38) Aug. 30 (bait)(DR). Subfamily: Hypeninae Phytometra rhodaria7is (Walker) PINK-BORDERED YELLOW

In 1991 - Long Point (4) June 29 (TS).

-80- Family: NOTODONTIDAE Nerice bidentata Walker DOUBLE-TOOTHED PROMINENT In 1991 - Long Point (4) Sept. 8 (1 flushed in daylight)(TS). Furcu7a borea7is (Guerin) WHITE FURCULA In 1991 - Arner (l)(Balkwill Woods) May 15 (l)(MKM). Symmerista a7bifrons (J.E. Smith) WHITE-HEADED PROMINENT In 1991 - Arner (l)(Balkwill Woods) May 15 (l)(MKM).

Family: LYMANTRIIDAE Lymantria dispar (Linnaeus) - GYPSY MOTH In 1991 - Northumberland Co. (22)(flying males less than usual), Cobourg (22) (most pupae eaten by sow bugs, few females), Haldimand Twp. (22)(one spruce tree with 8 females on the trunk, but they were small and produced less than usual no. of ova)(WJDE); Big Chute G.S. (38) April 10 (99), Southwood Rd. (38) June 12 (20 ­ hatching)(RLB); Point Pelee (1) Aug. 7 (1 fresh M)(AW).

Family: THYATIRIDAE Habrosyne scripta (Gosse) - LETTERED HABROSYNE

In 1991 - Matachewan (50) June 7 (many), Fournier Twp.(53) June 16 (many)(LT).

Family: DREPANIDAE Drepana arcuata (Walker) - ARCHED HOOKTIP

In 1991 - Long Point (4) June 15 (15), 30 (TS).

Family: GEOMETRIDAE Econista dis70caria (Packard) PALE-VEINED ECONISTA In 1991 - Point Pelee (l)(Sleepy Hollow picnic area) June 6 (6)(MKM). Lycia ursaria (Walker) STOUT SPANWORM MOTH

In 1991 - Point Pelee (l)(Maintenance Bldg.) April 6 (1 fresh)(AW); April 7 (4 fresh (AW+MKM).

-81- Phiga7ia titea (Cramer) THE HALF-WING In 1991 - Point Pelee (1)(Maintenance Bldg.) April 5 (1 fresh)(AW); April 7 (3 fresh (AW+MKM). Lytrosis unitaria (Herrich-Schaffer) COMMON LYTROSIS In 1991 - Arner (1)(Balkwill Woods) June 20 (1)(MKM). Euch7aena johnsonaria (Fitch) JOHNSON'S EUCHLAENA In 1991 - Arner (1)(Balkwill Woods) May 29 (2)(MKM). Hetarranthis hypochraria (H.-S.) COMMON METARRANTHIS In 1991 - Point Pelee (1)(Sleepy Hollow picnic area) June 6 (1)(MKM). Dichorda iridaria (Guenee) SHOWY EMERALD In 1991 - Point Pelee (1)(Group Campground) July 21 (1)(MKM). Ca70thysanis amaturaria (Walker) CROSS-LINED WAVE In 1991 - Point Pelee (1)DeLaurier Trail) June 24 (1 - first Canadian record) (MKM). Euphyia unangu7ata (Haworth) SHARP-ANGLED CARPET In 1991 - Point Pelee (1)(Sleepy Hollow picnic area) June 6 (1)(MKM). Trichodezia a7bovittata (Guenee) WHITE-STRIPED BLACK In 1991 - Halton Co. Forest (17) May 23 (several), June 8 (several), Long Point (4) June 15 (numerous), July 20, Aug. 3, Pelee (1) Aug. 3 (TS). Eubaphe mendica (Walker) THE BEGGAR In 1991 - Long Point (4) June 29 (TS); Point Pelee (1)(Sleepy Hollow picnic area) June 6 (1), (The Dunes picnic area) June 11 (1)(MKM). Dyspteris abortivaria (Herrich-Schaffer) - THE BAD-WING In 1991 - Long Point (4) July 20 (3 at lights)(TS). Erastria co7oraria (Fabr.) BROAD-LINED ERASTRIA In 1991 - Long Point (4) June 15 (2)(TS). Xanthotype urticaria Swett FALSE CROCUS GEOMETER In 1991 - Collingwood (35) June 10, Long Point (4) June 15 (TS). Pero honestaria (Walker) HONEST PERO In 1991 - Toronto (19)(Leslie St. Spit) Aug. 29 (TS).

-82- Cepphis armataria (H.-S.) - SCALLOP MOTH In 1991 - Kingston (26) July 1 (DR). Diehorda iridaria (Guenee) SHOWY EMERALD In 1991 - Long Point (4) July 20 (at light), La Salette (4) Aug. 30 (at light) TS) • Synehlora aerata (Fabr.) WAVY-LINED EMERALD In 1991 - Long Point (4) July 20 (at lights), La Salette (4) Aug. 30 (at lights)(TS) . Cyelophora pendulinaria (Guenee) SWEETFERN GEOMETER In 1991 - Long Point (4) June 30 (TS). Haematopsis grataria (Fabr.) CHICKWEED GEOMETER In 1991 - Brampton (18) Aug. 16 (at buglight), Toronto (19)(Leslie St. Spit) Aug. 29 (in daylight), La Salette (4) Aug. 30 & 31 (several at lights each night) (TS).

Family: EPIPLEMIDAE Calledapteryx dryopterata Grote - BROWN SCOOPWING In 1991 - Kingston (26) June 8, 14, July 1, 22, 28 (DR).

Family: PTEROPHORIDAE Emmelina monodaetyla (Linn.) In 1991 - La Salette (4) Aug. 30 (1 at light)(TS).

Family: THYRIDIDAE Thyris maeulata Harris - SPOTTED THYRIS In 1991 - Long Point (4) June 30 (1 very dormant)(TS).

Family: PYRALIDAE pyrausta signata lis (Walker) In 1991 - Kirkfield area (36) June 9 (several)(TS).

-83- pyrausta orphisa7is Walker In 1991 - Long Point (4) July 20, Kirkfield area (36) July 27 (TS). Pantographa 71mata (Grote & Robinson) BASSWOOD LEAF-ROLLER MOTH In 1991 - Arner (1)(Balkwill Woods) June 20 (1)(MKM).

Family: LIMACODIDAE Apoda y-inversum (Packard) INVERTED-Y MOTH In 1991 - Arner (1)(Balkwill Woods) June 27 (1)(MKM). Apoda biguttata (Packard) "BIGUTTATA MOTH" In 1991 - Arner (1)(Balkwill Woods) June 27 (1)(MKM). Pro7imacodes bad1a (Hubner) SKIFF MOTH In 1991 - Arner (1)(Balkwill Woods) June 27 (1)(MKM) Euc7ea de7phinii (Boisduval) SPINY OAK-SLUG MOTH In 1991 - Arner (1)(Balkwill Woods) June 20 & 27 (1 each date)(MKM).

Family: COCHYLIDAE Conchy7is oenotherana Riley In 1991 - Brampton (18) Aug. 14 (1 at buglight)(TS).

Family: MOMPHIDAE Hompha e7oise77a (Clemens)

In 1991 - Long Point (4) June 30 (TS). ************** ** *** * *

-84- CONTINUOUS CYCLICAL SUMMARY OF REPORTS OF MOTHS IN ONTARIO: ERIOCRANIIDAE TO DREPANIDAE 1986-1991 Compiled by Duncan Robertson The species are arranged and numbered as in Ronald W. Hodges et al., Check List of the Lepidoptera of America North of Mexico (1983). The bold number indicates the county; the two-digit number or numbers, or four-digit number, that follows indi­ cates, respectively, the year or years, or year and month; a two-digit number after the latter, a subsequent month; a bracketed number, the number of specimens repor­ ted for the date (the absence of a number generally indicates only one; 1/+ indicates at least one). Bracketed initials directly after a county number indicate a reporter of all the specimens reported for that county (except for a date followed by different initials). A county number etc. at the beginning of a continuous block of names of species applies to all the species in the block. More detailed reports for particular species are available on request. ERIOCRANIIDAE 5 £riocrania semipurpure77a (Steph.). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). HEPIALIDAE 18 Sthenopis argentomacu7atus (Harr.). 7 9006 (pair, GS). 24 8907 (HD). 38 9006 (2 DR). 46 8906 (HD). 50 9007-08 (common, LT). 53 8807 (GS); 9007 (AW). 22 S. auratus Grt. 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL).

31 Korsche7te77us [Hepia7us in Check List] graci7is (Grt.). 42 (1/+ JDL) 8607, 8807, 9007. NEPTICULIDAE 49 £ctoedemia u7mella (Braun). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). TISCHERIIDAE

156 Tischeria so7idagonifo 7ie 77a Clem. 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). INCURVARIIDAE

181 Parac7emensia acerif07ie77a (Fitch). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). ADELIDAE [In Incurvariidae in Check List] 229 Ade7a purpurea Wlk. 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). TINEIDAE

317 Xy7esthia pruniramie77a Clem. 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL).

405 Tinea pe77ionella L. 35 9008 (RLB).

416 Monopis dorsistrige77a (Clem.). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL).

-85- PSYCHIDAE

42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 436 So7enobia wa7she77a Clem. 437 Psyche casta (Pallas). LYONETII DAE

472 Lyonetia specu7e77a Clem. 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL).

BUCCULATRICIDAE [In Lyonetiidae in Check List]

42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 523 Buccu7atrix ade7pha Braun. 560 B. canadensise77a Cham. 565 B. paropti7a Braun. GRACILLARIIDAE

42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 587 Ca7opti7ta a7nivore77a (Cham.). 589 C. anthobaphes (Meyr.). 597 C. burgessie77a (Zell.). 609 C. invariabi7is (Braun). 620 C. packarde77a (Cham.). 626 C. pu7che77a (Cham.). 639 C. stigmate77a (F.). 669 Paronix conspicue77a (Dietz). 670 P. crataegifo7ie77a (Clem.). 799 Phy77onorycter trinote77a (Braun). 803 Cameraria acerie77a (Clem.). 823 C. hamadryade77a (Clem.). 852 Phy770cnistis popu7ie77a Cham. OECOPHORIDAE

42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 864 Agonopterix atrodorse77a (Clem.). 867 A. pu7vipene77a (Clem.). 889 A. argi77acea (Wlsm.). 899 Depressartodes cane77a (Bsk.). 911 Bibarramb7a a77ene77a (Wlsm.). 912 Semioscopis packarde77a (Clem.). 913 S. merricce77a Dyar. 914 S. inornata Wlsm. 915 S. megamicre77a Dyar. 916 S. aurore 77a Dyar. 922 Depressaria past inace 77a (Dup.). 942 Nites grote 77a (Rob.). 946 N. ost rye 77a (McD.). 957 Psi 7ocors is ref7exe 77a Clem. 1046 Ca 77 ima argent icincte 77a Clem. 1055 Brymb 7ia quadrimacu 7e 77a (Cham.). 1058 Po7ix co7orade77a (Wlsm.). 1068 Eido trimacu7e77a (Fitch).

ETHMIIDAE [In Oecophoridae in Check List]

42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 986 Ethmia bipuncte 77a (F.). 999 E. 70ngimacu 7e 77a (Cham.).

STENOMATIIDAE [In Oecophoridae in Check List]

1014 Antaeotricha 7euci77ana (Zell.). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). ELACHISTIDAE

1129 Cosmiotes i77ecte77a Clem. 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). BLASTOBASIDAE

42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 1162 B7astobasis [Va7entinia in Check List] g7andu7e77a (Riley). 1175 Ho7cocera cha7cofronte77a Clem. COL EOPHORI DAE

42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 1254 Co7eophora ma7ivore77a Riley. 1266 C. asterophage77a McD. 1271 C. prunie77a Clem. 1295 C. ostryae Clem. 1311 C. 7arice77a (Hbn.). 1388 C. trifo7ii (Curt.).

-86- MOMPHIDAE 1455 Hampha ste77e77a Bsk. 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). COSMOPTERIGIDAE 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 1490 Cosmopterix gemmifere 77a Clem. 1596 St i 7bot is ostry­ aee77a (Cham.). GELECHIIDAE

42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 1685 Hetzneria 7appe77a (L.). 1761 Aristote7ia roseo­ suffuse77a (Clem.). 1840 Exote7eia pinifo7ie77a (Cham.). 1858 Te7phusa 7ongifascie77a (Clem.). 2076 Chionodes fonde77a (Bsk.). 2243 Anacampsis niveopu7ve77a (Cham.). 2289 Dichomeris ochripa7pe77a (Zell.) [Trichotaphe a 7ace 77a Clem. in Check List]. 2295 D. fTavocoste77a Clem. 14 9108 (PM).

2297 D. inserrata Wlsm. 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). CARPOSINIDAE

2319 Bondia crescente77a (Wlsm.). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). YPONOMEUTIDAE [2363-2380 in Plutellidae in Check List] 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 2363 P7ute77a porrecte77a (L.). 2366 P. xy7oste77a (L.). 2380 Ypso7opha fa7cifere77a (Wlsm.). 2401 Atteva puncte77a (Cram.). 1 8607 (AW); 8707 (STP+MSB+AW); 8908 (MKM). 4 8707 (MKM+AW+STP). 26 (DR) 8810 (2); 9011; 9110 (2). 2413 Swammerdamia caesie77a (Hbn.). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 2420 Yponameuta mu7tipuncte77a Clem. 1 8806 (5 JL).

2421 Y. pade77a (L.). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). ARGYRESTHIIDAE 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 2457 Argyresthia goedarte77a (L.). 2467 A.orease77a Clem. 2481 A. thuie 77a (Pack.). SCHRECKENSTEINIIDAE [in Heliodinidae in Check List] 2509 Schreckensteinia festa7ie77a (Hbn.). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). SESIIDAE

2513 Pennisetia marginata (Harr.). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 52 8707-08 (common, JPW). 2524 Paranthrene tabanifonmis (Rottemburg). 52 (JPW) 9107 (27). 2532 A7buna fraxinii (Hy. Edw.). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL).

2533 A. pyramida7is (Wlk.). 52 (JPW) 8707 (3); 9107 (11).

-87- 2536 Helittia cucurbitae (Harr.). 19 8807 (PM). 2543 Sesia tibialis (Harr.). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 52 (JPW) 8707, 08. 2550 Synanthedon pictipes (G. & R.). 52 (JPW) 8706-07 (common), 9107 (2). 2554 S. acerni (Clem.). 26 8906 (DR). 37 8607 (GJD). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 52 8707 (JPW). 2558 S. arctica (Beutenmueller). 52_ 8907 (JPW). 2559 S. bolteri (Hy. Edw.). 52 (JPW) 8706, 07; 9106. 2563 S. fulvipes (Harr.). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 52 8705-06 (common, JPW). 2564 S. helenis (Engelh.). 52 9107 (21 JPW). 2569 S. sigmoidea (Beutenmuller). 52 9107 (66 JPW). 2572 S. proxima (Hy. Edw.). 52 (JPW) 8706, 08 (2); 9106 (6), 07. 2583 S. exit iosa (Say). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 52 (JPW) 8705-08 (very common); 9106 (11). 2584 S. novaroensis (Hy. Edw.). 52 (JPW) 8706-07 (very common); 9107. 2589 Podosesia syringae (Harr.). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 52 8706 (JPW). 2597 Carmenta corni (Hy. Edw.). 52 (JPW) 8707; 9106 (3), 07 (29).

CHOREUTIDAE 2648 Tebenna onustana (Wlk.). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). COSSIDAE 2693 Prionoxystus robiniae (Peck). 1 8706 (1 AW, 3 AW+MKM), 07 (AW); 9106 (MKM) . 7 9006 (DT). 27 8905-07 (JHF+SBM). 50 8807 (LT). 2694 P. macmurtrei (Guer.). 38 (DR) 8806, 07. 50 9006-07 (several, LT). TORTRICIDAE 42 86 -91 (1/+ JDL). 2707 Bactra verutana Zell. 2713 Endopiza monotropana (Heinr.). 2719 E. exasperata (McD.). 2738 Endothenia hebesana (Wlk.). 2747 E. impudens (Wlsm.). 2750 Zomaria interruptolineana (Fern.). 2755 Apotomis funerea (Meyr.). 2763 A. albeolana (Zell.). 2766 A. dextrana (McD.). 2768 A. removana (Kft.). 2769 Pseudosciaphila duplex (Wlsm.). 2770 Orthotaenia undulana (D. & S.). 2788 Olethreutes inornatana (Clem.). 2800 O. nigrana (Heinr.). 2826 O. lacunana (Free.). 2863 Hedya chionosema (Zell.). 2866 Evora hemidesma (Zell.). 2867 Rhyacionia buoliana (D. & S.). 2877 R. adana Heinr. 2879 R. busckana Heinr. 2892 Petrova albicapitana (Bsk.). 2898 P. gemistrigulana (Kft.). 2905 Barbara mappana Free. 2906 Spilonota ocellana (D. & S.). 2973 Phaneta striatana (Clem.). 3066 Eucosma glorioTa Heinr. 3186 EpibTema scudderiana (Clem.). 3203 E. brightonana (Kft.). 3219 Sonia canadana McD. 3226 Gypsonoma haimbachiana (Kft.). 3229 G.

-88- adjuncta Heinr. 3235 Proteoteras moffatiana Fern. 3240 Zeiraphera cana­ densis Mutuura & Free. 3242 Z. fortunana (Kft.). 3248 Pseudexentera ore­ gonana (Wlsm.). 3265 Gretchena de7icatana Heinr. 3280 Epinotia stroe­ miana (F.). 3283 E. so7andriana (L.). 3334 E. acerie77a (Clem.). 3347 E. septemberana Kft. 3351 E. 7indana (Fern.). 3269 E. [Grise7da in Check List] radicana (Heinr.). 3372 Ancy7is brauni (Heinr.). 3376 A. apicana (Wlk.). 3379 A. diminutana (Haw.). 3420 Pammene signifera (Heinr.). 3428 Grapho7ita packardi Zell. 3446 Corticivora c7arki Clarke. 3463 Cydia popu7ana (Bsk.). 3472 C. f7etcherana (Kft.). 3486 C. toreuta (Grt.).

3492 C. pomone77a (L.). 7 8908 (ALP). 33 8910 (10 RLB). 42 86-91 (1/+ JDL). 42 86 -91 (1/+ JDL). 3506 Ac7eris macdunnoughi Obr. 3510 A. nivise77ana (Wlsm.). 3518 A. braunana (McD.). 3520 A. fuscana (B. & Bsk.). 3521 A. semiannu7a (Rob.). 3525 A. forbesana (McD.). 3527 A. scha77eriana (L.). 3529 A. oxycoccana (Pack.). 3533 A. ce7iana (Rob.). 3536 A. robinsoniana (Fbs.). 3539 A. cha7ybeana (Fern.). 3540 A. 70giana (C1.). 3544 A. c7arkei Obr. 3548 A. variana (Fern.). 3549 A. maccana (Tr.). 3556 A. nigro7inea (Rob.). 3557 A. maximana (B. & Bsk.). 3558 A. busckana (McD.). 3559 A. emargana (F.). 3565 Eu7ia ministrana (L.).

3594 Pandemis 7imitata (Rob.). 37 8707 (2 GJD). 42 86-91 (1/+ JDL). 42 86 -91 (1/+ JDL). 3597 Argyrotaenia ve7utiana (Wlk.). 3621 A. quadrifasciana (Fern.). 3622 A. jug7andana (Fern.). 3623 A. quercifo7iana (Fitch). 26 9107 (DR). 42 86-91 (1/+ JDL). 42 86 -91 (1/+ JDL). 3625 A. mariana (Fern.). 3632 Choristoneura fractivittana (Clem.)

3633 C. para77e7a (Rob.). 38 9008 (PM). 3635 C. rosaceana (Harr.). 35 8908 (RLB). 42 86-91 (1/+ JDL). 42 86 -91 (1/+ JDL). 3638 C. fumiferana (Clem.). 3643 C. pinus Free. 3648 Archips argyrospi7a (Wlk.). 3658 A. purpurana (Clem.). 26 8808 (DR). 42 86-91 (1/+ JDL). 4286-91 (1/+ JDL). 3664 A. striana (Fern.). 3667 A. packardiana (Fern.). 3672 Syndemis aff7ictana (Wlk.).

3682 C7epsis persicana (Fitch). 35 (RLB) 8706; 8806. 42 86-91 (1/+ JDL). 3686 C. me7a7eucana (Wlk.). 38 8806 (RLB). 42 86-91 (1/+ JDL). 42 86 -91 (1/+ JDL). 3688 Ptycho7oma peritana (Clem.). 3716 Sparganothis di7u­ ticostana (Wlsm.). 3695 S. su7fureana (Clem.). 35 8808 (RLB). 3720 S. reticu7anata (Clem.). 35 (RLB) 8707; 8806 (6). 38 8908 (DR). 42 86-91 (1/+ JDL). 3725 S. pettitana (Rob.). 35 (RLB) 8707; 9007 (2). 42 86-91 (1/+ JDL). 3726 S. acerivorana MacKay. 42 86-91 (1/+ JDL). 3727 S. niveana (Wlsm.). 26 8907 (2 DR).

3740 P7atynota idaeusa7is (Wlk.). 42 86-91 (1/+ JDL). COCHYLIDAE [species below in Check List as incertae sedis] 42 90 -91 (1/+ JDL). 3806 Aethes a7bidana (Wlk.). 3834 A. 7avana (Bsk.). 3842 A. oenotherana Riley. 35 8708 (RLB). 3852 A. straminoides (Grt.). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL).

-89- LIMACODIDAE 4652 Tortricidia testacea Pack. 26 (DR) 8806; 8906; 9106. 38 9007 (DR). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 4654 T. f7exuosa (Grt.). 4659 Packardia geminata (Pack.).

4665 Lithacodes fascio7a (H.-S.). 26 (DR) 8807; 8907; 9106, 07. 35 8706 (RLB). 38 9106 (2 DR). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL).

4667 Apoda y-inversum (Pack.). 1 (MKM) 8706; 9106. 4669 A. biguttata (Pack.). 1 9106 (MKM).

4671 Pro7imacodes badia (Hbn.). 1 8706 (AW) , 07 (4 AW, 1 AW+WGW); 9106 (MKM).

4677 Phobetron pithecium (J. E. Smith). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL).

4685 Adoneta spinu70ides (H.-S.). 1 8706 (MKM).

4697 Euc7ea de7phinii (Bdv.). 1 8706 (MKM+AW); 9106 (2 MKM). 26 9107 (2 DR). 35 8807 (RLB). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL).

4698 Parasa ch70ris (H.-S.). 1 8707 (2 STP+AW+MSB). PYRALIDAE 42 90 -91 (1/+ JDL). 4716 Scoparia bip7agia7is W1k .. 4717 S. penumbra7is Dyar. 4718 S. cinereomedia Dyar. 4747 Nymphu7a ekth7ipsis (Grt.). 38 (DR) 8906; 9108. 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 4748 Munroessa icciusa7is (W1k.). 7 8807 (DR). 26 8908 (DR). 35 (RLB) 8706, 08 (16), 8806. 38 (DR) 8809; 8906, 07 (2), 08 (7); 9007 (2); 9106 (2). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 4751 M. gyra7is (Hulst). 26 8810 (3 DR); 8908 (3); 9107. 38 (DR) 8906, 07, 08 (2).

4755 Sync7ita ob7itera7is (W1k.). 26 (DR) 8907, 08 (2), 09 (3); 9107 (6). 42. 90-91 (1/+ JDL).

4759 Parapoynx macu7a7is (Clem.). 38 (DR) 8807 (5), 08 (3), 09; 8906, 07 (2), 08 (9); 9008; 9108. 4760 P. obscura7is (Grt.). 35 8808 (RLB). 38 (DR) 8807; 9106. 4761 P. badiusa7is (W1k.). 26 (DR) 8809; 8908; 9108 (2). 38 (DR) 8807 (2); 8907 (2), 08. 4764a P. a77ionea7is W1k. itea7is (W1k.). 26 (DR) 8908; 9108. 38 (DR) 8907 (2), 08 (3).

4779 Petrophi7a canadensis (Mun.). 38 8907 (9 DR). 4789 Metrea ostreona7is Grt. 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL).

4897 Evergestis pa77idata (Hufn.). 26 (DR) 8808 (2); 8906. 38 9006 (DR). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL).

4935 Saucrobotys fumofera7is (Hulst). 38 (DR) 8906; 9106. 4944 Crocidophora serratissima7is 2e11. 26 8906 (DR).

-90- 4949 Ostrinia nubi7a7is (Hbn.). 78608 (ALP). 14 9106 (PM). 198706 (several, BH). 26 8809 (DR). 37 8706 (GJD). 38 (DR) 8806, 09; 8906, 08 (5), 09; 9106 (2), 08, 09. 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL).

4950 Fumibotys fuma7is (Gn.). 38 (DR) 8907 (2), 08 (4).

4951 Perispasta caecu7a7is Zell. 26 8906 (DR). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL).

4952 Eurrhypara hortu7ata (L.). 26 (DR) 8807; 8906, 07, 9007. 38 (DR) 8606; 8806, 07 (4); 8906; 9006. 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 4953a Ph7yctaenia coronata (Hufn.) tertia7is (Gn.). 26 8906 (2 DR). 38 (DR) 8907; 9106. 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL).

4957 Hutuuraia mysippusa7is (Wlk.). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 4958a Anania funebris (Strom.) g7omera7is (Wlk.). 11 8805 (RLB). 19 (BH) 8606-07 (several); 8705-07 (several). 26 8906 (2 DR). 35 8806 (RLB). 36 9105 (RLB). 38 9006 (2 RLB). 39 9105 (RLB). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 4975 Achyra ranta7is (Gn.). 38 8907 (2 DR).

5004 Loxostege stictica7is (L.). 38 (DR) 8808 (3), 09 (4); 8908 (2). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL).

5034 pyrausta signata7is (Wlk.). 19 9007 (PM).

5040 P. bico7ora7is (Gn.). 26 (DR) 8906, 08. 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 5058 P. orphisa7is Wlk. 19 8606 (BH). 26 8806 (DR). 37 8607 (GJD). 5071 P. acriona7is (Wlk.). 21: 8709 (BH). 35 8808 (RLB). 38 (DR) 8708; 8807; 8907, 08 (2). 42 90 -91 (1/+ JDL). 5079 Udea rubiga7is (Gn.). 5117 Loxostegopsis merricka7is (B. & McD). 5143 Diacme adipa70ides (G. & R.). 38 8807 (DR). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL).

5159 Desmia funera7is* (Hbn.). 1 8707 (DR); 8908 (MKM); 9008 (AW). 7 8707 (ALP). 16 (PN) 8705, 06, 07. 19 8707 (12 JJ+BH). 26 (DR) 8908; 9006, 07; 9106 (2), 07. 32 (RLB) 8906; 9006 (4); 9107. 35 8807 (RLB). 38 9006 (DR). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL).

5176 Anageshna primordia7is (Dyar). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 5182 87epharomastix rana7is (Gn.). 35 (RLB) 8708; 8807.

5226 Pa7pita magnifera7is (Wlk.). 26 (DR) 8805 (2); 8905 (3), 06 (5); 9005 (2); 9105, 06. 35 9006 (RLB). 38 (DR) 8805 (5), 06 (3), 07; 8905 (2), 06 (5); 9007; 9105, 08. 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 5241 Pantographa 7imata (G. & R.). 18706 (AW+MKM), 09 (2 AW); 8807 (AW); 9106 (MKM). 4 8707 (3 AW+MKM+STP); 8807 (AW). 7 8707 (ALP). 38 (DR) 8807; 9007 (2), 08. 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL).

-91- 5250 Lygropia rivu7a7is Hamp. 38 (DR) 8907 (2), 9007 (2). 5262 Framinghamia he7va7is (Wlk.). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL).

5275 Herpetogramma pertexta7is (Led.). 26 (DR) 8907; 9107. 38 (DR) 8807 (16); 8907 (8), 08 (3); 9007, 08. 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 42 90 -91 (1/+ JDL). 5280 H. aeg7ea7is (Wlk.). 5342 Crambus bidens Zell. 5355 C. praefecte77us (Zinck.). 5361 C. a7be77us Clem. 5362 C. agitate77us Clem. 26 (DR) 9106, 07 (3). 32 8906 (RLB). 35 (RLB) 8707 (8); 8807 (34). 36 8906 (2 RLB).

5363 C. sa7tue77us Zell. 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL).

5378 C. 7aqueate77us Clem. 26 9105 (DR). 32 8906 (RLB).

5391 Chrysoteuchia topiaria (Zell.). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL).

5403 Agriphi7a vu7givage77a (Clem.). 35 8808 (RLB).

5413 Pediasia trisecta (Wlk.). 35 8808 (RLB). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 5420 Hicrocrambus e7egans (Clem.). 26 9107 (5 DR). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 5422 H. minor (Fbs.). 5435 Fissicrambus mutabi7is (Clem.). 5464 Uro7a niva7is (Drury). 26 (DR) 8907; 9107. 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 5465 Vaxa aurate77a (Clem.). 26 8907 (DR).

5510 Pyra7is farina7is L. 198607 (PM). 26 9107 (DR). 38 (DR) 8908; 9008; 9106. 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 5517 Ag70ssa pinguina7is (L.). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 5524 Hypsopygia costa7is (F.). 26 (DR) 8809 (4); 8906 (2), 07 (2). 38 (DR) 8807; 8907; 9008. 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL).

5526 Hercu7ia intermedia7is (Wlk.). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 5533 H. o7ina7is (Gn.). 26 9107 (DR). 35 (RLB) 8707; 8806, 07, 08. 38 (DR) 8907; 9007, 08 (PM).

5543 Aca77is a7tico7a7fs (Dyar). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 5552 Ga7asa nigrinodis (Zell.). 26 8907 (DR). 35 8807 (RLB). 42 90 -91 (1/+ JDL). 5556 Tosa7e ovip7aga7fs (Wlk.). 5571 Condy707omia par­ ticipa7is Grt. 5608 Tetra70pha expandens (Wlk.). 5622 Ga77eria me77one77a (L.). 5629 Aphomia socie77a (L.). 5651 Acrobasis indigene77a (Zell.). 5659 A. pa77io7e77a Rag. 5662 A. sy7vfe77a Ely. 5663 A. kearfotte77a Dyar. 5664 A. caryae Grt. 5677 A. norme77a Dyar. 5680 A. ostrye77a Ely. 5685 A. cunu7ae Dyar & Heinr. 5686 A. caryivore77a Rag. 5688 A. betu7e77a Hulst. 5690 A. rubrifascie77a Pack. 5787 Heroptera prave77a (Grt.). 5799 Nephopterix basi7aris Zell. 5968 Zophodia convu7ute77a (Hbn.).

-92- 5997 Euzophera ostrico7ore77a Hulst. 7 8709 (ALP). 42 90 -91 (1/+ JDL). 5999 Eu70gia ochrifronte77a (Zell.). 6005 Hoodna ostri­ ne77a (Clem.). 6007 Vitu7a edmandsii (Pack.).

6019 P70dia interpuncte77a (Hbn.). 38 8612 (3 RLB).

6032 Eurythmia angu7e77a Ely. 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). THYRIDIDAE

6076 Thyris macu7ata Harr. 19 9107 (PM). 21 8706 (BH); 8806 (PM). 22 9007 (numerous WJDE).

6077 T. sepu7chra7is Guer. 32 8806 (RLB). PTEROPHORIDAE

6091 Geina perisce7idacty7a (Fitch). 26 9106 (DR).

6092 G. tenuidacty7a (Fitch). 26 8807 (DR). 38 (DR) 8807 (3); 8907 (7). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 42 90 -91 (1/+ JDL). [not in Check List] G. sheppardi Landry. 6102 Trichopti7us 7obidacty7us (Fitch). 6105 Cnaemidophorus rhododacty7us (D. & S.). 6107 P7atypti7ia pa77idacty7a (Haw.). 6118 Amb7ypti7ia pica (Wlsm.). 6157 Adaina montana (Wlsm.). 6166 Oidaematophorus mathewianus (Zell.). 6170 O. phace­ 7iae McD. 6203 O. homodacty7us (Wlk.). 6234 Emme7ina monodacty7a (L.). THYATIRIDAE

6235 Habrosyne scripta (Gosse). 7 8706 (ALP). 19 8608 (BH+HD). 32 8907 (RLB). 33 8907 (RLB). 38 (RLB) 8706, 07; 8907 (DR); 9008 (PM). 39 8806 (AW+WL). 53 9007 (AW).

6237 Pseudothyatira cymatophoroides (Gn.). 7 8707 (ALP). 38 8707 (RLB).

6240 Euthyatira pudens (Gn.). 1 8805 (2 AW). 4 8805 (2 AW+STP). 26 (DR) 9004, 05; 9104 (2). 35 8905 (2 RLB). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). DREPANIDAE

6251 Drepana arcuata (Wlk.). 4 8805 (5 AW+STP). 7 8607 (ALP). 11 8805 (RLB). 16 8705 (PN). 26 8906 (DR). 27 8905-07 (2 JHF+SBM). 32 8806 (RLB). 35 8905 (RLB). 38 (DR) 8807; 8907 (2), 08 (6 DR, 1 RLB); 9006 (3), 07 (4), 08 (5); 9105. 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL). 6252 D. bi7ineata (Pack.). 4 8805 (5 AW+STP). 7 9008 (ALP). 26 9107 (DR). #27# 8905-07 (2 JHF+SBM). 35 9008 (RLB). 38 (DR) 8806 (2); 8908 (RLB); 9007 (4), 08 (2); 9105 (3), 07 (PM). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL).

6253 Eudei7inia herminiata (Gn.). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL).

6255 Oreta rosea (Wlk.). 1 8706 (2 AW+MKM), 07 (AW). 7 8707 (ALP). 26 (DR) 8906, 08 (2). 32 9006 (RLB). 35 9106 (RLB). 38 8907 (RLB); 9008 (PM). 42 90-91 (1/+ JDL).

-93- 7. PREVIOUS PUBLICATIONS Previous publications of the Toronto Entomologists Association consist of Occasional Papers, and are as follows: 1. Checklist of Ontario Skippers & Butterflies & 1969 Seasonal Summary. 2. Contribution to the Knowledge of Hyalophora columbia & 1910 Seasonal Summary 3. Annual Summary of Rhopalocera encountered in Ontario in 1911 and 'The Occurrence of the Little Sulphur Butterfly (Eurema lisa) in Ontario' by Paul M. Catling and 'Some Notes on Collecting in the Vicinity of Leticia, Colombia in February 1914' by Quimby F. Hess. 4-15 (Rev.) Summaries of Rhopalocera encountered in '12, '73 and '14. 5. Pieris virginiensis Edwards in Ontario. 6-16 Summary of Lepidoptera encountered in Ontario in 1915. 1-11 Summary of Lepidoptera encountered in Ontario in 1916. 8-11 'Butterflies & Moths on Stamps' - Part 1, by Alan J. Hanks. (ISBN # 0-921631-00-6). 9-18 Butterflies of Ontario & Summaries of Lepidoptera encountered in Ontario in 1911. 10-19 Butterflies of Ontario & Summaries of Lepidoptera encountered in Ontario in 1918 by Q.F. Hess and A.J. Hanks. 11-80 Butterflies of Ontario & Summaries of Lepidoptera encountered in Ontario in 1919 by Q.F. Hess and A.J. Hanks. 12-81 Butterflies of Ontario & Summaries of Lepidoptera encountered in Ontario in 1980 by Q.F. Hess and A.J. Hanks. (ISBN # 0-921631-01-4). 13-82 Butterflies of Ontario &Summaries of Lepidoptera encountered in Ontario in 1981 by Q.F. Hess and A.J. Hanks. (ISSN # 0110-0514). 14-83 Butterflies of Ontario & Summaries of Lepidoptera encountered in Ontario in 1982 by Q.F. Hess and A.J. Hanks. (ISSN # 0110-0514). 15-84 Butterflies of Ontario & Summaries of Lepidoptera encountered in Ontario in 1983 by Q.F. Hess and A.J. Hanks. (ISBN # 0-921631-02-2). 16-85 Butterflies of Ontario & Summaries of Lepidoptera encountered in Ontario in 1984 by Q.F. Hess and A.J. Hanks. (ISBN # 0-921631-03-0). 11-86 Butterflies of Ontario & Summaries of Lepidoptera encountered in Ontario in 1985 by Q.F. Hess and A.J. Hanks. (ISBN # 0-921631-04-9). 18-81 Butterflies of Ontario & Summaries of Lepidoptera encountered in Ontario in 1986 by Q.F. Hess and A.J. Hanks. (ISBN # 0-921631-05-1). 19-88 Butterflies of Ontario & Summaries of Lepidoptera encountered in Ontario in 1981 by Q.F. Hess and A.J. Hanks. (ISBN # 0-921631-06-5). 20-89 Butterflies of Ontario & Summaries of Lepidoptera encountered in Ontario in 1988 by Q.F. Hess and A.J. Hanks. (ISBN # 0-921631-01-3). 21-89 Five Year (1984-1988) Supplement to The Butterflies of Point Pelee Park, Ontario (1983) by A. Wormington. (ISBN # 0-921631-08-1). 22-90 Butterflies of Ontario & Summaries of Lepidoptera encountered in Ontario in 1989 by Q.F. Hess and A.J. Hanks. (ISBN # 0-921631-09-X). 23-91 Butterflies of Ontario & Summaries of Lepidoptera encountered in Ontario in 1990 by Q.F. Hess and A.J. Hanks. (ISBN # 0-921631-10-3). The Ontario Butterfly Atlas by Anthony M. Holmes, Quimby F. Hess, Ronald R. Tasker and Alan J. Hanks. (ISBN # 0-921631-11-1). ************** ******

-94-