Aves, Pygostylia)-Like Tarsometatarsus from the Early Cretaceous Of

SUPPLEMENTAL DATA

JOURNAL OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY

A confuciusornithiform (Aves, Pygostylia)-like tarsometatarsus from the Early Cretaceous of

Siberia and a discussion of the evolution of avian hind limb musculature

JINGMAI K O’CONNOR,* ALEXANDER O. AVERIANOV, and NIKITA V. ZELENKOV

*Corresponding author.

1 Primary results

Figure S1. Hypothetical phylogenetic relationships of Evgenavis nobilis gen. et sp. nov. The reduced consensus tree (314 most parsimonious trees [MPTs], tree length [TL] = 80. 80266 steps, Consistency Index [CI] = 0.375, Rentention Index [RI] = 0.657) using implied weighting

(k = 3) with Evgenavis and Mystiornis resolved within Ornithuromorpha.

Figure S2. Hypothetical phylogenetic relationship of Evgenavis nobilis gen. et sp. nov. Reduced consensus tree after adding two characters (1,000 + trees, TL = 858 steps) with Evgenavis and

Mystiornis resolved within Enantiornithes.

3 Matrix with 245 Characters

Modified from O’Connor et al. (2011) by the addition of four taxa: Evgenavis,

Mystiornis, Avisaurus archibaldi, and Soroavisaurus (see separate TNT file).

Figure S3. Absolute Bremer supports for analysis with 245 characters.

4 Figure S4. Relative Bremer supports for analysis based on 245 characters.

5 Implied Weights

Analysis of 245 characters, run using implied weighting (showing results for first and second round of Tree Branch Bisection).

Figure S5. Analysis of 245 characters using implied weights, k = 3. First round of TBR; eight trees, TL = 80.80266 steps (excluding Chaoyangia).

6 Figure S6. Analysis of 245 characters using implied weights, k = 3 (Chaoyangia excluded).

Second round of TBR, 314 trees, TL = 80. 80266 steps; CI = 0.375; RI = 0.657.

7 Figure S7. Analysis of 245 characters using implied weights, k = 2. First round of TBR; results produced two MPTs, TL = 97.43443 steps.

8 Figure S8. Analysis of 245 characters using implied weights, k = 2. Additional round of TBR; 69

MPTs, TL = 97.43443 steps.

9 Figure S9. Analysis of 245 characters using implied weights, k = 1. First round of TBR produced four MPTs, TL = 124.59219 steps (reduced consensus, Chaoyangia removed).

10 Figure S10. Analysis of 245 characters using implied weights, k = 1. Additional round TBR produced 69 MPTs.

11 Matrix with 247 Characters

New characters: character 246: tubercle for the attachment of the m. tibialis cranialis: one

such tubercle (0); two such tubercles (1). Character 247: medial condyle of metatarsal II trochlea forming strong plantarly projecting wing: absent (0); present (1). For matrix see separate TNT file.

LITERATURE CITED

O'Connor, J. K., L. M. Chiappe, and A. Bell. 2011. Pre-modern birds: avian divergences in the

Mesozoic; pp. 39–114 in G. D. Dyke and G. Kaiser (eds.), Living Dinosaurs: the

Evolutionary History of Birds. Wiley Blackwell, Chichester, U.K.