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The Tradition of the Female Deacon in the Eastern Churches
The Tradition of the Female Deacon in the Eastern Churches Valerie Karras, Th.D., Ph.D. and Caren Stayer, Ph.D. St. Phoebe Center Conference on “Women and Diaconal Ministry in the Orthodox Church: Past, Present, and Future” Union Theological Seminary, New York, NY December 6, 2014 PURPOSE OF HISTORY SESSION • To briefly review the scholarship on the history of the deaconess, both East and West • To lay the groundwork for discussions later in the day about the present and future • To familiarize everyone with material you can take with you • Book list; book sales • We ask you to share and discuss this historical material with others in your parish TIMELINE—REJUVENATION FROM PATRISTIC PERIOD (4TH -7TH C.) • Apostolic period (AD 60-80): Letters of Paul (Rom 16:1 re Phoebe) • Subapostolic period (late 1st/early 2nd c.): deutero-Pauline epistles (I Tim. 3), letter of Trajan to Pliny the Younger • Byzantine period (330-1453) − comparable to Early, High, and Late Middle Ages plus early Renaissance in Western Europe • Early church manuals (Didascalia Apostolorum, late 3rd/early 4th c.; Testamentum Domini, c.350; Apostolic Constitutions, c.370, Syriac) • 325-787: Seven Ecumenical Councils • Saints’ lives, church calendars, typika (monastic rules), homilies, grave inscriptions, letters • 988: conversion of Vladimir and the Rus’ • 12th c. or earlier: office of deaconess in Byz. church fell into disuse • Early modern period in America • 1768: first group of Greek Orthodox arrives in what is now Florida • 1794: first formal Russian Orthodox mission arrives in what is now Alaska BYZANTINE EMPIRE AND FIVE PATRIARCHATES CIRCA 565 A.D. -
The Evidence of Late Antique Syriac Hagiography Di Brouria Bitton-Ashkelony
From Sacred Travel to Monastic Career: The Evidence of Late Antique Syriac Hagiography di Brouria Bitton-Ashkelony In one of the dramatic moments in the conversion of Rabbula – a prominent figure in the Church of Edessa in the first half of the fifth century – Acacius bishop of Aleppo and Eusebius bishop of Edessa led him to the monastery of Marcian and Abraham, two local holy recluses belonging to the Syriac ecclesiastical landscape1. There Rabbula declared his desire to convert to Christianity and to shut himself away, like them. But before entering this new way of life he expressed one desire: To go to Jerusalem and see the holy place and be baptized in the Jordan where Christ was baptized as a model for us2. Rabbula then «entered Jerusalem, prayed in front of Golgotha…, entered the tomb of the Lord and the cave where he was born, and went up to the place of the Ascension… From there he went down to the Jordan; at once he petitioned the priests and recited before them the creed, and they anointed him and baptized him»3. As soon as he was baptized he went back to his city, where he assumed a social position, and appeared as the patron of the poor4. Later on he launched his episcopate career and served as the bishop of Edessa in 411-412 and again in 435- 436, emerging as an opponent of Nestorius and supporter of Cyril of Alexandria. This account narrated in the Life of Rabbula, composed around 440, close to the hero’s own time, offers an intriguing close-up of the social and intellectual elite’s conversion against the background of Edessa’s Hellenic culture at the end of the fourth century and beginning of the fifth5. -
Christians and Jews in Muslim Societies
Arabic and its Alternatives Christians and Jews in Muslim Societies Editorial Board Phillip Ackerman-Lieberman (Vanderbilt University, Nashville, USA) Bernard Heyberger (EHESS, Paris, France) VOLUME 5 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/cjms Arabic and its Alternatives Religious Minorities and Their Languages in the Emerging Nation States of the Middle East (1920–1950) Edited by Heleen Murre-van den Berg Karène Sanchez Summerer Tijmen C. Baarda LEIDEN | BOSTON Cover illustration: Assyrian School of Mosul, 1920s–1930s; courtesy Dr. Robin Beth Shamuel, Iraq. This is an open access title distributed under the terms of the CC BY-NC 4.0 license, which permits any non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided no alterations are made and the original author(s) and source are credited. Further information and the complete license text can be found at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ The terms of the CC license apply only to the original material. The use of material from other sources (indicated by a reference) such as diagrams, illustrations, photos and text samples may require further permission from the respective copyright holder. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Murre-van den Berg, H. L. (Hendrika Lena), 1964– illustrator. | Sanchez-Summerer, Karene, editor. | Baarda, Tijmen C., editor. Title: Arabic and its alternatives : religious minorities and their languages in the emerging nation states of the Middle East (1920–1950) / edited by Heleen Murre-van den Berg, Karène Sanchez, Tijmen C. Baarda. Description: Leiden ; Boston : Brill, 2020. | Series: Christians and Jews in Muslim societies, 2212–5523 ; vol. -
Assyrian Printing Presses in Iraq During the 20Th Century
ARAM, 21 (2009) 149-161. doi: 10.2143/ARAM.21.0.2047090 ASSYRIAN PRINTING PRESSES IN IRAQ DURING THE 20TH CENTURY Mr. DANIEL BENJAMIN (Journal of Assyrian Academic Studies) My presentation will be limited to Assyrian printing presses in Iraq during the 20th Century. I shall not address the press of the Dominicans established in Mosul earlier and which was subsequently taken over by the Chaldean Church. The documented evidence for the most part confirms that around 50,000 Assyr- ians arrived at Baqouba in 1918 after their exodus from their home in the Hakkari and the plains of Urmia. They were settled in tents at a large temporary camp built by the British Army and the Indian regiments who served under it. The Assyrians were miraculously able to recover quickly from their exhaus- tion and realized that they had to adapt to their new situation. Church leaders and tribal chieftains decided to establish schools and a printing press. My father’s uncle, Rev. Zakaria Lazar d’bet Benyamin, managed to acquire a big tent which he utilized as a class room to teach Syriac language. Shamasha Rev. Joseph De Kelaita and his son Barnwa 11675-08_Aram21_08_Benjamin.indd675-08_Aram21_08_Benjamin.indd 114949 221/04/101/04/10 008:418:41 150 ASSYRIAN PRINTING PRESSES IN IRAQ DURING THE 20TH CENTURY Dawid Somo d’bet Benyamin (my father) would fill in during his uncles’s absence. Amongst his students was Deacon Mansour Darmo who would become the Metropolitan of the Church of the East in Malabar – India, under the name of Mar Thooma Darmo. -
Dr Sebastian P
Dr Sebastian P. Brock Position: Retired (formerly Reader in Syriac Studies; Professorial Fellow of Wolfson College) Faculty / College Address: Oriental Institute / Wolfson College Email: [email protected] Research Interests: Having started out with a primary research interest in the textual history of the Septuagint, the encounter with important unpublished texts in Syriac led me to turn for the most part to various areas of Syriac literature, in particular, translations from Greek and the history of translation technique, dialogue and narrative poems, hagiography, certain liturgical texts, and monastic literature. Current Projects: Editing various unpublished Syriac texts Greek words in Syriac Diachronic aspects of Syriac word formation Syriac dialogue poems Courses Taught: Lessons Recent publications: From Ephrem to Romanos: Interactions between Syriac and Greek in Late Antiquity (Aldershot: Variorum CSS 664, 1999). (with D.G.K.Taylor, E.Balicka-Witakowski, W.Witakowski), The Hidden Pearl. The Syrian Orthodox Church and its Ancient Aramaic Heritage. I, (with DGKT) The Ancient Aramaic Heritage; II, (with DGKT, EB-W, WW), The Heirs of the Ancient Aramaic Heritage; III (with WW), At the Turn of the Third Millennium: the Syrian Orthodox Witness (Rome: Trans World Film Italia, 2001). Fire from Heaven: Studies in Syriac Theology and Liturgy (Aldershot: Variorum SCSS 863, 2006). The Wisdom of Isaac of Nineveh [Syriac-English] (Piscataway NJ, 2006). (with G. Kiraz), Ephrem the Syrian. Select Poems [Syriac-English] (Eastern Christian Texts 2; Provo, 2006). (ed), reprint (with new vol. 6) of P. Bedjan, Homilies of Mar Jacob of Sarug, I- VI (Piscataway NJ, 2006). An Introduction to Syriac Studies (Piscataway NJ, 2006). -
Gateway to the Syriac Saints: a Database Project Jeanne-Nicole Mellon Saint-Laurent Marquette University, [email protected]
Marquette University e-Publications@Marquette Theology Faculty Research and Publications Theology, Department of 1-1-2016 Gateway to the Syriac Saints: A Database Project Jeanne-Nicole Mellon Saint-Laurent Marquette University, [email protected] Published version. Journal of Religion, Media and Digital Culture, Vol. 5, No. 1 (2016): 183-204. Permalink. © 2016 St. John's College. Used with permission. 183 http://jrmdc.com Gateway to the Syriac Saints: A Database Project Jeanne-Nicole Mellon Saint-Laurent Marquette University, USA Contact: [email protected] Keywords: Syriac; hagiography; late antiquity; saints; manuscripts; digital humanities; theology; religious studies; history Abstract: This article describes The Gateway to the Syriac Saints, a database project developed by the Syriac Reference Portal (www.syriaca.org). It is a research tool for the study of Syriac saints and hagiographic texts. The Gateway to the Syriac Saints is a two-volume database: 1) Qadishe and 2) Bibliotheca Hagiographica Syriaca Electronica (BHSE). Hagiography, the lives of the saints, is a multiform genre. It contains elements of myth, history, biblical exegesis, romance, and theology. The production of saints’ lives blossomed in late antiquity alongside the growth of the cult of the saints. Scholars have attended to hagiographic traditions in Greek and Latin, but many scholars have yet to Journal of Religion, Media and Digital Culture Volume 5, Issue 1 (2016) https://jrmdc.com 184 discover the richness of Syriac hagiographic literature: the stories, homilies, and hymns on the saints that Christians of the Middle East told and preserved. It is our hope that our database will give scholars and students increased access to these traditions to generate new scholarship. -
Ancient Syriac Sources on Mary's Role As Intercessor
Syriac Sources C ORNELIA HORN Ancient Syriac Sources on Mary’s Role as Intercessor INTRODUCTION Mariology is an aspect of theological inquiry and a subdiscipline of Christian dogma, to the study of which the Syriac tradition is able to make a solid contribution.1 Ideas and thoughts about Mary and her relevance in the history of Christianity are well represented and beautifully developed in texts written in Syriac, beginning already in ancient Christianity.2 The fourth- and fifth-century poets Ephraem the Syrian and Jacob of Serugh, for example, composed numerous stunning lines of reflective meditations on Mary’s role in the life of Christ. Over the course of the twentieth century, a respectable number of scholars with specialist expertise in Syriac studies, including Ignacio Ortiz de Urbina, Edmund Beck, and Sebastian Brock, have dedicated remarkable efforts to studying and making available to a modern audience through editions and translations important ancient sources that speak of Jesus’ mother in the Syriac language.3 Dominant themes in ancient Syriac mariology that have been highlighted in scholarly studies are Mary’s moth- erhood of the Son of God, her virginity, humility, reception of God’s mercy, purity, and any traces one might be able to identify of Mary being active in the work of salvation or reconciling human beings with God. The theme mentioned last is related to Mary’s role as intercessor. Yet if one defines intercession more narrowly and precise- ly as the activity of a person who intervenes with God for the needs and concerns of human beings and other creatures primarily through prayer,4 Mary’s role as intercessor as featured in early Christian texts in Syriac is not a topic that has been singled out for much sustained attention. -
Canon Law of Eastern Churches
KB- KBZ Religious Legal Systems KBR-KBX Law of Christian Denominations KBR History of Canon Law KBS Canon Law of Eastern Churches Class here works on Eastern canon law in general, and further, on the law governing the Orthodox Eastern Church, the East Syrian Churches, and the pre- Chalcedonean Churches For canon law of Eastern Rite Churches in Communion with the Holy See of Rome, see KBT Bibliography Including international and national bibliography 3 General bibliography 7 Personal bibliography. Writers on canon law. Canonists (Collective or individual) Periodicals, see KB46-67 (Christian legal periodicals) For periodicals (Collective and general), see BX100 For periodicals of a particular church, see that church in BX, e.g. BX120, Armenian Church For periodicals of the local government of a church, see that church in KBS Annuals. Yearbooks, see BX100 Official gazettes, see the particular church in KBS Official acts. Documents For acts and documents of a particular church, see that church in KBS, e.g. KBS465, Russian Orthodox Church Collections. Compilations. Selections For sources before 1054 (Great Schism), see KBR195+ For sources from ca.1054 on, see KBS270-300 For canonical collections of early councils and synods, both ecumenical/general and provincial, see KBR205+ For document collections of episcopal councils/synods and diocesan councils and synods (Collected and individual), see the church in KBS 30.5 Indexes. Registers. Digests 31 General and comprehensive) Including councils and synods 42 Decisions of ecclesiastical tribunals and courts (Collective) Including related materials For decisions of ecclesiastical tribunals and courts of a particular church, see that church in KBS Encyclopedias. -
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RECENT PUBLICATIONS ON SYRIAC TOPICS: 2018* SEBASTIAN P. BROCK, UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD GRIGORY KESSEL, AUSTRIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES AND UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER SERGEY MINOV, UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD Books Acharya, F., Psalmic Odes from Apostolic Times: An Indian Monk’s Meditation (Bengaluru: ATC Publishers, 2018). Adelman, S., After Saturday Comes Sunday (Piscataway, New Jersey: Gorgias Press, 2018). Alobaidi, T., and Dweik, B., Language Contact and the Syriac Language of the Assyrians in Iraq (Saarbrücken, Germany: Lambert Academic Publishing, 2018). Andrade, N.J., The Journey of Christianity to India in Late Antiquity: Networks and the Movement of Culture (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2018). Aravackal, R., The Mystery of the Triple Gradated Church: A Theological Analysis of the Kṯāḇā d-Massqāṯā (Book of Steps) with Particular Reference to the Writing of Aphrahat and John the Solitary (Oriental Institute of Religious Studies India Publications 437; Kottayam, India: Oriental Institute of Religious Studies, 2018). Aydin, G. (ed.), Syriac Hymnal According to the Rite of the Syriac Orthodox Church of Antioch (Teaneck, New Jersey: Beth Antioch Press / Syriac Music Institute, 2018). Bacall, J., Chaldean Iraqi American Association of Michigan (Charleston, South Carolina: Arcadia Publishing, 2018). * The list of publications is based on the online Comprehensive Bibliography on Syriac Christianity, supported by the Center for the Study of Christianity at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem (http://www.csc.org.il/db/db.aspx?db=SB). Suggested additions and corrections can be sent to: [email protected] 235 236 Bibliographies Barry, S.C., Syriac Medicine and Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq’s Arabic Translation of the Hippocratic Aphorisms (Journal of Semitic Studies Supplement 39; Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018). -
The Figure of Joseph the Patriarch in the New Testament and the Early Church
ABSTRACT “Much More Ours Than Yours”: The Figure of Joseph the Patriarch in the New Testament and the Early Church by John Lee Fortner This paper investigates the figure of Joseph the patriarch in early Christian interpretation, demonstrating the importance of such figures in articulating a Christian reading of the history of Israel, and the importance of this reading in the identity formation of early Christianity. The paper also illumines the debt of this Christian reading of Israel’s history to the work of Hellenistic Judaism. The figure of Joseph the patriarch is traced through early Christian interpretation, primarily from the Eastern Church tradition up to the 4th century C.E. The key methodological approach is an analysis of how the early church employed typological, allegorical, and moral exegesis in its construction of Joseph as a “Christian saint of the Old Testament.” A figure who, to borrow Justin Martyr’s phrase, became in the Christian identity “much more ours than yours.” “Much More Ours Than Yours”: The Figure of Joseph the Patriarch in the New Testament and the Early Church A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Miami University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Department of History by John Lee Fortner Miami University Oxford, Ohio 2004 Advisor ________________________ Dr. Edwin Yamauchi Reader ________________________ Dr. Charlotte Goldy Reader _________________________ Dr. Wietse de Boer Table of Contents Introduction 1 Early Christian Hermeneutics 1 The Aura of Antiquity 6 Apologetics of Hellenistic Judaism 8 Scope and Purpose of Study 12 1. Joseph in the New Testament 13 Acts 7 14 Heb 11 15 2. -
The Pneumatology of Ephrem the Syrian
Marquette University e-Publications@Marquette Dissertations, Theses, and Professional Dissertations (2009 -) Projects Fire in the Bread, Life in the Body: The Pneumatology of Ephrem the Syrian David Kiger Marquette University Follow this and additional works at: https://epublications.marquette.edu/dissertations_mu Part of the Religion Commons Recommended Citation Kiger, David, "Fire in the Bread, Life in the Body: The Pneumatology of Ephrem the Syrian" (2020). Dissertations (2009 -). 913. https://epublications.marquette.edu/dissertations_mu/913 FIRE IN THE BREAD, LIFE IN THE BODY: THE PNEUMATOLOGY OF EPHREM THE SYRIAN by David Wesley Kiger, B.C.M, B.Th., M.Div. A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School, Marquette University, in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Milwaukee, Wisconsin May 2020 ABSTRACT FIRE IN THE BREAD, LIFE IN THE BODY: THE PNEUMATOLOGY OF EPHREM THE SYRIAN David Wesley Kiger, B.C.M., B.Th., M.Div. Marquette University, 2020 The fourth century debates about the status and personhood of the Son later expanded to reflections on the status and person of the Holy Spirit. In this dissertation I examine the pneumatology of Ephrem the Syrian, who is often over-looked in discussions about fourth century pneumatology. I argue that Ephrem displays a high pneumatology that fits within the broad contours of the pro-Nicene movement. I begin with a discussion of Ephrem’s Syriac heritage and focus on the themes and language surrounding the Holy Spirit in pre-Nicene Syriac texts. Pre-Nicene Syriac authors speak about the Spirit’s role in liturgical practices, often using feminine or maternal language to describe the Spirit’s work. -
2020 Yearbook
1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Messages Message from His Beatitude 5 Message from His Grace 6 Message from the Principal 7 Message from the Chaplain 9 Message from the Deputy Principals 12 Faculty Reports Assyrian Report 14 Christian Studies Report 15 English Report 17 Mathematics Report 18 Human Society and its Environment Report 20 IN HIM WE GROW Science Report 22 Physical Development, Health & Physical Education Report 24 Technological and Applied Studies Report 26 Creative and Performing Arts Report 27 Learning Support Unit Report 30 College Prayer Pastoral Care Report 32 Cocurricular Report 36 Senior Leadership Team Report 38 Our Holy Creator and loving Father, Careers Report 41 Harp of the Spirit Podcast 42 Your Holy Spirit inspired your servant Mar Narsai to speak of your love and to bear witness to the life-giving teachings of your Beloved Son, Grade Reports, Photos & Events Year 7 Report 45 our Lord and Saviour, Jesus Christ. Year 7 Photos 46 Year 8 Report 53 Let the Harp of the Spirit inspire us to speak the truth, Year 8 Photos 54 seek Divine wisdom vand also to bear witness to Your love. Year 9 Report 61 Year 9 Photos 62 Year 10 Report 67 Allow us to be seekers of knowledge, so that through our words and actions Year 10 Photos 68 we may be instruments of Your Holy Spirit, who bestows upon us His gifts so Year 11 Report 74 that we may glorify Your Holy and blessed Name. Year 11 Photos 75 Year 12 Report 81 Let our college be a beacon of hope and a fountain of knowledge for our Year 12 Photos 83 R U OK? Day 90 Assyrian community, Australian Nation, and Holy Church of the East, Book Week 92 shining brightlyin our hearts and minds, bearing fruits of love, Science Week 93 compassion and justice; O Lord of all, Father, Son and Holy Spirit.