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Trabajo Dirigido UNIVERSIDAD MAYOR DE SAN ANDRÉS FACULTAD DE AGRONOMÍA CARRERA DE INGENIERÍA AGRONÓMICA TRABAJO DIRIGIDO ELABORACIÓN Y DISEÑO DEL PROYECTO SISTEMA DE RIEGO TECNIFICADO VENTANANI (SANTIAGO DE LLALLAGUA) – PROVINCIA AROMA. MARCO EDUARDO CORI SIRPA LA PAZ – BOLIVIA 2021 UNIVERSIDAD MAYOR DE SAN ANDRÉS FACULTAD DE AGRONOMÍA CARRERA DE INGENIERÍA AGRONÓMICA “ELABORACIÓN Y DISEÑO DEL PROYECTO SISTEMA DE RIEGO TECNIFICADO VENTANANI (SANTIAGO DE LLALLAGUA) – PROVINCIA AROMA”. Trabajo Dirigido presentado como requisito para optar el Título de Ingeniero Agrónomo. MARCO EDUARDO CORI SIRPA Tutor: Ing. Raúl Choque Estrada ………………………………………………. Asesor: Ing. M. Sc. Paulino Ruiz Huanca ………………………………………………. Tribunal Examinador: Ing. Ph. D. René Chipana Rivera ………………………………………………. Ing. M. Sc. Fanny Bertha Arragán Tancara ………………………………………………. Ing. M. Sc. Juan José Vicente Rojas ………………………………………………. APROBADA Presidente Tribunal Examinador: ………………………………………………. La Paz – Bolivia 2021 DEDICATORIA: Se lo dedico al forjador de mi camino, a Dios, el que en todo momento está conmigo ayudándome a aprender de mis errores y guíar mi camino. A mis queridos padres Nicolás Cori Pacohuanca y Benita Sirpa Huanca, que con mucho esfuerzo y sacrificio me brindaron todo su apoyo, cariño y comprensión en cada etapa de mi vida. A mis hermanos Iván y Richard, aunque en la mayoria de las veces parece que estuviéramos en una batalla, hay momentos en los que la guerra cesa y nos unimos para lograr nuestros objetivos olvidandonos de todo y estar juntos para apoyarnos. A mi compañera de vida Vanessa, por estar conmigo en los peores momentos y aún así apoyarme y darme el aliento para seguir adelante cumpliendo mis metas y objetivos. i AGRADECIMIENTOS Doy gracias a Dios padre celestial, por darme sabiduría, salud, fuerza y guiar mi camino en cada paso que doy. A la Universidad Mayor San Andrés, Facultad de Agronomía – Ingeniería Agronómica, por la oportunidad de mi formación profesional impartida por el plantel docente y compartir sus conocimientos y experiencias. A la Gobernación Departamental de La Paz, Dirección de Elaboración de Estudios de Pre Inversión por permitirme realizar el presente trabajo dirigido y ser parte del equipo de trabajo involucrándome en diferentes proyectos. A mi tutor Ing. Raúl Choque Estrada, por toda la colaboración y enseñanza de sus conocimientos profesionales, la confianza brindada para la elaboración del presente trabajo y su amistad desinteresada. A mi asesor Ing. M.Sc. Paulino Ruiz Huanca, por el asesoramiento, colaboración y consejos con su experiencia profesional para que este trabajo se realice de la mejor forma posible A los tribunales revisores: Ing. Ph.D. René Chipana Rivera, Ing. M.Sc. Fanny Bertha Arragán Tancara e Ing. M.Sc. Juan José Vicente Rojas, por la paciencia y el tiempo dedicado para la revisión del trabajo dirigido, por las correcciones y sugerencias para que este trabajo se concluya satisfactoriamente. A la Unidad Ejecutora de Pozos gestión 2019, donde incursioné mi interés para elaborar, diseñar, evaluar proyectos involucrados en el tema de agua y riego. Al Servicio Departamental de Riego La Paz, a su Unidad de Registros y Conflictos, Dra. Aydee Olmos e Ing. Rodneyx Huallpa Choque por su amistad, apoyo y sugerencias para que siga creciendo como persona y profesional. Al Servicio Nacional de Riego (SENARI), por brindarme y abrirme las puertas para ser parte del equipo de trabajo en la Escuela Nacional de Riego (ENR), donde aprendí y amplié mis conocimientos y perspectivas en el área de riegos. Un agradecimiento especial al Ing. Vladimir Plata Rojas, Jefe de Unidad de la Escuela Nacional de Riego, por toda la confianza, amistad y apoyo brindada a lo largo de este tiempo. Finalmente agradecer a mis compañeros que tuve durante toda mi etapa de universitario por su apoyo y amistad. ii CONTENIDO DEDICATORIA ................................................................................................................... i AGRADECIMIENTOS ........................................................................................................ ii ÍNDICE GENERAL............................................................................................................ iii ÍNDICE DE TABLAS ....................................................................................................... viii ÍNDICE DE FIGURAS ........................................................................................................ x ÍNDICE DE ANÉXOS ........................................................................................................ xi RESUMEN ....................................................................................................................... xii SUMARY ........................................................................................................................ xiii ÍNDICE GENERAL 1. INTRODUCCIÓN ........................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Identificación del problema ........................................................................................ 1 1.2 Justificación .............................................................................................................. 1 1.3. Objetivos .................................................................................................................. 2 1.3.1 Objetivo General ............................................................................................... 2 1.3.2 Objetivos Específicos ........................................................................................ 2 2. MARCO TEORICO ........................................................................................................ 3 2.1 Contexto normativo ................................................................................................... 3 2.2. Elaboración y Diseño de Proyectos .......................................................................... 4 2.2.1 Definición de Proyecto ........................................................................................ 4 2.2.2 Características de un proyecto............................................................................ 4 2.2.3. Tipos de Proyectos ............................................................................................ 5 2.2.3.1 Inversión ....................................................................................................... 6 2.2.3.2 Social ............................................................................................................ 6 2.2.3.3 Investigación ................................................................................................. 6 2.2.4 Fases o ciclo de un Proyecto de Inversión Pública en Bolivia ............................. 6 2.2.5 Proyectos de Reinversión Pública en Bolivia ...................................................... 7 2.2.6 Estudios de Diseño Técnico de Preinversión (EDTP) para Proyectos de Riego .. 7 2.3. Recursos Hídricos .................................................................................................... 8 2.3.1. Agua .................................................................................................................. 8 2.3.1.1. Agua Superficial .......................................................................................... 9 iii 2.3.1.2. Agua Subterránea ....................................................................................... 9 2.3.2. Recursos Hídricos en Bolivia ............................................................................ 9 2.4. Riego .................................................................................................................... 10 2.4.1. Sistema de Riego ............................................................................................. 10 2.4.2. Métodos de Riego ........................................................................................... 11 2.4.3. Riego Tecnificado ............................................................................................ 11 2.4.3.1 Componentes de un Sistema de Riego Presurizado ................................... 12 2.4.4. Datos de la Agricultura Bajo Riego en Bolivia .................................................. 13 2.4.5. Cambios Registrados en los Últimos 12 años (2000-2012) ............................. 14 2.4.6 Categoría de Sistemas de Riego en Bolivia ...................................................... 14 2.5. Cuenca hidrográfica .............................................................................................. 15 2.5.1. Parámetros morfométricos de una cuenca hidrográfica ................................... 16 2.5.2. Coeficiente de escorrentía (c) ......................................................................... 17 2.6. Estudio de un Proyecto de Riego ........................................................................... 17 2.6.1. Estudio Topográfico ........................................................................................ 17 2.6.2. Estudio de Suelos ........................................................................................... 18 2.6.2.1. Propiedades Física del Suelo .................................................................... 18 2.6.2.2. Clasificación de suelos por su aptitud para riego ....................................... 19 2.6.2.3. El agua en el suelo .................................................................................... 20 2.6.2.4. Fases de Agua en el Suelo .......................................................................
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