medium. Though Herzog's personal story is one of much obtained at last the remaining papers of its founder. disappointment, we are today the beneficiaries of his I first met Dr. Herzog in 1970 and saw him last in 1975. tenacity. His recorded materials form the core collection Since I am the only present member of the staff to have in the largest university-based sound archives in the known him, and because I have dealt directly with world. In an academic discipline destabilized by a world­ Archives' documentation for the past fifteen years, it wide economic depression and the rise of Nazism in seemed reasonable that I examine, sort, and classify his Europe, Herzog's central position in ethnomusicology documents. An inventory list to the boxes existed, so I during this difficult period of transition enabled him to expected no surprises. I was surprised. track the relocation of ethnographic sound documents on The inventories did not suggest the detailed both sides of the Atlantic. His explication of problems information or the careful documentation to recordings surrounding the conservation of sound helps us to made by Dr. Herzog and others. I discovered several understand how ethnomusicologists throughout history hundred music transcriptions made by Dr. Herzog have struggled with the limitations of their recording throughout his career. Those transcriptions corresponded technology. Herzog's collection of manuscripts, catalogs, to his own recordings and those of his colleagues and journals and correspondence are the legacy of an avid students. collector; they are a time capsule, providing us with a Transcription requires time and skill, and was a coherent view into a complex period of history. particularly valuable strength of Dr. Herzog in his research. It is only a slight exaggeration to say that he 1. George Herzog to Thomas Whitney Surette, 18 April 1927. transcribed all the recordings he ever made. He 2. Herzog to Surette, ibid. apparently spent considerable time transcribing 3. See four-page brochure issued by the Fairchild Aerial recordings made by others. For four separate collections Camera Corporation. of Frank Speck Dr. Herzog did transcriptions, as he did 4. See Walter C. Garwick to , 16 February 1933. for the recordings made by of the Kwakiutl 5. See five-page typed "Memorandum for Dr. Sapir," n.d. [ca. Indians. November 1932] From Dr. Herzog's correspondence we have been able 6. See George Herzog, "The Collections of Phonograph for the first time to identify accurately dates, locations, Records in North America and Hawaii," Zeitschrift fUr songs, and genres in collections which have long vergleichende Musikwissenschaft I (1933): 58 if. 7. See two-page letter marked "Circular" in George Herzog's perplexed Archives catalogers. Field workers wrote to Dr. handwriting. Yale University Institute of Human Relations Herzog about their progress and kept him informed. For letterhead, n.d. [ca. January 1933] several collections this exchange provides our only 8. See two-page typed list, "Materials for a Phonograph documentation and solves more than one mystery. Records Collections," dated in Herzog's handwriting, The Archives will offer the hundreds of books and January 13, 1933. pamphlets in Dr. Herzog's personal library to the Lilly 9. See Alfred Kroeber to George Herzog, 5 April 1933. Library, the Main Library, and the Music Library at 10. See seven-page brochure, "Soundscriber," issued by the Indiana University. His acetate and aluminum disc Sound Specialties Company and letters, Lincoln Thompson recordings we have kept to integrate with existing to George Herzog, 21 November 1936; 20 February 1937, collections or to catalog as new acquisitions. We will and 6 August 1938. 11. See letter, George Herzog to Charles Seeger, 2 October document and rerecord those materials as a part of an 1945. NEH project to duplicate original field recordings made 12. These instruments are preserved in the William Hammond on discs. Mathers Museum at Indiana University. The following list identifies the collections for which 13. See four-page typed letter fragment, George Herzog to the Herzog papers provide the most significant "Dear Harry," n.d. [ca. 1954]. information or documentation. Adamson, Thelma, and Franz Boas (Pre'54-131-F) Washington, Salish Indians, 1927. Music The Papers of George Herzog transcriptions prepared by George Herzog, and Marilyn Graf transcriptions and translations of song texts written by Franz Boas. Boas, Franz [and John Comfort Fillmore?], [1893?], and In February of 1985, the Archives purchased the Julie Averkieva, 1930. (Pre'54-035-F) research and correspondence files, the recordings and [Chicago?] and British Columbia, Vancouver Island, documentation, and the personal library of George Ft. Rupert, Kwakiutl Indians. Transcriptions of Herzog from his estate. For nearly thirty years the Kwakiutl song texts by Franz Boas. Archives housed most of the materials in a hundred or so ____ , and John Comfort Fillmore(?) (Pre-54-121-F) "Herzog boxes," which remained his property. No one Chicago(?), Kwakiutl Indians, 1893(?) Transcriptions had permission to open the boxes or to examine their of Kawkiutl texts prepared by Franz Boas. contents. ____ , and George Herzog (Pre'54-235-F) In his later years Dr. Herzog wished to donate his New York, Kwakiutl Indians, 1938. George Herzog's papers to the Archives. Legal difficulties prevented such music and text transcriptions of material performed an arrangement. After his death, some legal questions by Dan Cranmer, a Kwakiutl Indian, during a visit to remained, but once they were resolved, the Archives . Fenton, William (Pre'54-028 and 164-F) McIntosh, David S. (82-590-F) New York, Allegany Reservation, , 1933 and Illinois, ca. 1930 through 1936. Several files of song 1941. Fenton's transcriptions of song texts and texts and music transcriptions prepared by McIntosh extensive notes to the recordings. for his M.A. thesis. This material was submitted to Halpert, Herbert (Pre'54-217/221-F) Herzog in 1937 for publication by the Federal Theater New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania, 1937-41. Project. This publication did not materialize, but Texts to hundreds of songs originally recorded on McIntosh made use of the collection in books discs, and files of folklore dictated by his informants. published in the 1940s. Transcripts of interviews of numerous informants. Randle, Martha Champion Huot, and William Fenton Herzog, George (Pre' 54-189-F) In the summer of 1927, Franz Boas asked George New York, Iroquois Indians, 1936. Randle and Herzog to make a survey of Indian music in the Fenton's notes to the recordings, and their Southwest. Following are listed the results of that transcriptions of song texts. brief but fruitful expedition. Herzog's field notes and Sapir, Edward (60-017-F) his transcriptions of music and song texts to Hopi and Southern Paiute, ca. 1910. In George accompany each collection were found among his Herzog's possession were original transcriptions papers, and have enabled us to properly document made by Jacob Sapir of the Southern Paiute songs his numerous recordings. recorded by his son, Edward. These transcriptions Arizona: (Pre'54-124-F) Mohave; (Pre'54-126-F) Pima; are especially valuable because of the deterioration of (Pre'54-142-F) Yuma. the original wax cylinder recordings. California: (Pre'54-122-F) Laguna; (Pre'54-114-F) Schultz, Amelia Susman, and George Herzog (Pre'54-236- Digueno; (Pre'54-137-F) Serrano. F) New Mexico: (Pre'54-101-F) Acoma; (Pre'54-106-F) New York City, Winnebago Indians, 1939. Schultz' Cochiti; (Pre'54-129-F) San Ildefonso; (Pre'54-134-F) translations and transcriptions of Winnebago songs San Juan; (Pre'54-138-F) Taos; (Pre'54-144-F) Zuni performed by Chief Sam Blowsnake, a Winnebago ____ . (Pre'54-110-F) Indian living in New York City. This work was North Dakota, Fort Yates, Standing Rock Reservation, completed while Schultz was a student of Herzog's at Dakota Indians, 1928. Dr. Herzog's field notes, music Columbia University. and text transcriptions. Speck, Frank G. (Pre'54-030-F and Pre'54-212-F) ____ . (83-894-F) Canada, Ontario, Six Nations Reserve, Cayuga, Arizona, Sacaton, Gila River Indian Reservation, Onondaga and Seneca Indians, 1935-36. 1929. Transcri tion~of s~Jexts and musk, a,!ld __-_ Transcription§. Qi T.Jltelo lndilln songs and text& - field notebooks.- prepared by George Herzog at the request of Frank _ _ __ . (Pre-54-223-F) Speck. These transcriptions appeared in Speck's The Liberia, Nimiah, Jabo, 1930-31. Notes to the Tutela Spirit Adoption Ceremony (Harrisburg, recordings made on the University of Chicago Pennsylvania Historical Commission, 1942.) Expedition to Liberia, whose field party consisted of ____ . (Pre-54-082/84-F) George Herzog, and a young Liberian, Charles , Indians, 1934-36. George Blooah. The expedition was suggested by Edward Herzog's transcriptions of music and texts, prepared Sapir, who charged Herzog with collecting and for Speck in the 1930s and 1940s. The transcriptions, checking Jabo vocabulary and grammatical material, according to correspondence between Speck and and investigating the relation of speech tones and Herzog, were intended to be used in a book on the melodies. Herzog's field notebooks containing song Cherokee which Speck began in the late 1930s, but texts and music notation, as well as linguistic notes, they were not completed during his lifetime. have been added to the documentation file for this ____ , and Alexander J. General (Chief Deskaheh) collection. (Pre'54-029-F) ____ . (Pre'54-301-F) Canada, Ontario, Six Nations Reserve, Brantford, Chicago, Navajo Indians, 1933. Transcriptions of song Iroquois Indians, 1934-35. Transcriptions of music texts and music recorded by George Herzog, with and song texts prepared for a publication on the the assistance of Laura Boulton, at the Chicago Cayuga planned by Frank Speck. For some reason, World's Fair. Found with the transcriptions were Speck did not receive Herzog's transcriptions. His Edward Sapir's translations and notes to the songs. book, Midwinter Rites of the Cayuga Long House McAllester, David P., and George Herzog (Pre'54-302-F) (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press) was , Comanche Indians, 1939. Notes on published in 1949 without transcriptions. peyote songs, transcriptions and some translations of Correspondence between Speck's principal song texts by George Herzog. informant, Chief Deskaheh, and George Herzog McCullough, Dorianne Wooley (Pre'54-046-F) clearly establishes Deskaheh's role as recording Arizona, Pima Indians, 1938. McCullough's technician during Speck's absence from the field. transcriptions and translations of a large number of There is also a file of correspondence between Pima texts which she collected while studying with Speck and Herzog which provides valuable George Herzog at Columbia University. The file also information about Speck's field work in the 1930s. contains correspondence with Herzog concerning her Spier, Leslie (Pre'54-033-F) field work. Klamath Indians, 1935. Leslie Spier's notes to the recordings.