Virus Bulletin, April 1990
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UC Santa Barbara UC Santa Barbara Electronic Theses and Dissertations
UC Santa Barbara UC Santa Barbara Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title A Web of Extended Metaphors in the Guerilla Open Access Manifesto of Aaron Swartz Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6w76f8x7 Author Swift, Kathy Publication Date 2017 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Santa Barbara A Web of Extended Metaphors in the Guerilla Open Access Manifesto of Aaron Swartz A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Education by Kathleen Anne Swift Committee in charge: Professor Richard Duran, Chair Professor Diana Arya Professor William Robinson September 2017 The dissertation of Kathleen Anne Swift is approved. ................................................................................................................................ Diana Arya ................................................................................................................................ William Robinson ................................................................................................................................ Richard Duran, Committee Chair June 2017 A Web of Extended Metaphors in the Guerilla Open Access Manifesto of Aaron Swartz Copyright © 2017 by Kathleen Anne Swift iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank the members of my committee for their advice and patience as I worked on gathering and analyzing the copious amounts of research necessary to -
Ethical Hacking
Ethical Hacking Alana Maurushat University of Ottawa Press ETHICAL HACKING ETHICAL HACKING Alana Maurushat University of Ottawa Press 2019 The University of Ottawa Press (UOP) is proud to be the oldest of the francophone university presses in Canada and the only bilingual university publisher in North America. Since 1936, UOP has been “enriching intellectual and cultural discourse” by producing peer-reviewed and award-winning books in the humanities and social sciences, in French or in English. Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication Title: Ethical hacking / Alana Maurushat. Names: Maurushat, Alana, author. Description: Includes bibliographical references. Identifiers: Canadiana (print) 20190087447 | Canadiana (ebook) 2019008748X | ISBN 9780776627915 (softcover) | ISBN 9780776627922 (PDF) | ISBN 9780776627939 (EPUB) | ISBN 9780776627946 (Kindle) Subjects: LCSH: Hacking—Moral and ethical aspects—Case studies. | LCGFT: Case studies. Classification: LCC HV6773 .M38 2019 | DDC 364.16/8—dc23 Legal Deposit: First Quarter 2019 Library and Archives Canada © Alana Maurushat, 2019, under Creative Commons License Attribution— NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Printed and bound in Canada by Gauvin Press Copy editing Robbie McCaw Proofreading Robert Ferguson Typesetting CS Cover design Édiscript enr. and Elizabeth Schwaiger Cover image Fragmented Memory by Phillip David Stearns, n.d., Personal Data, Software, Jacquard Woven Cotton. Image © Phillip David Stearns, reproduced with kind permission from the artist. The University of Ottawa Press gratefully acknowledges the support extended to its publishing list by Canadian Heritage through the Canada Book Fund, by the Canada Council for the Arts, by the Ontario Arts Council, by the Federation for the Humanities and Social Sciences through the Awards to Scholarly Publications Program, and by the University of Ottawa. -
IBM X-Force Threat Insight Quarterly 2 X-Force Threat Insight Quarterly IBM Security Solutions
IBM Security Solutions May 2011 IBM X-Force Threat Insight Quarterly 2 X-Force Threat Insight Quarterly IBM Security Solutions Contents About the report 2 About the Report The IBM X-Force® Threat Insight Quarterly is designed to highlight some of the most significant threats and challenges 3 Evolution: From Nuisance to Weapon facing security professionals today. This report is a product of IBM Managed Security Services and the IBM X-Force 8 Prolific and Impacting Issues of Q1 2011 research and development team. Each issue focuses on specific challenges and provides a recap of the most significant recent 16 References online threats. IBM Managed Security Services are designed to help an organization improve its information security, by outsourcing security operations or supplementing your existing security teams. The IBM protection on-demand platform helps deliver Managed Security Services and the expertise, knowledge and infrastructure an organization needs to secure its information assets from Internet attacks. The X-Force team provides the foundation for a preemptive approach to Internet security. The X-Force team is one of the best-known commercial security research groups in the world. This group of security experts researches and evaluates vulnerabilities and security issues, develops assessment and countermeasure technology for IBM security products, and educates the public about emerging Internet threats. We welcome your feedback. Questions or comments regarding the content of this report should be addressed to [email protected]. 3 X-Force Threat Insight Quarterly IBM Security Solutions Evolution: From Nuisance to Weapon One of the more notable examples here is Brain3, a boot sector infector which originated in Pakistan and released in 1986, was Creeper, Wabbit, Animal, Elk Cloner, Brain, Vienna, Lehigh, one of the first examples of malware that infected PC’s running Stoned, Jerusalem. -
What Are Kernel-Mode Rootkits?
www.it-ebooks.info Hacking Exposed™ Malware & Rootkits Reviews “Accessible but not dumbed-down, this latest addition to the Hacking Exposed series is a stellar example of why this series remains one of the best-selling security franchises out there. System administrators and Average Joe computer users alike need to come to grips with the sophistication and stealth of modern malware, and this book calmly and clearly explains the threat.” —Brian Krebs, Reporter for The Washington Post and author of the Security Fix Blog “A harrowing guide to where the bad guys hide, and how you can find them.” —Dan Kaminsky, Director of Penetration Testing, IOActive, Inc. “The authors tackle malware, a deep and diverse issue in computer security, with common terms and relevant examples. Malware is a cold deadly tool in hacking; the authors address it openly, showing its capabilities with direct technical insight. The result is a good read that moves quickly, filling in the gaps even for the knowledgeable reader.” —Christopher Jordan, VP, Threat Intelligence, McAfee; Principal Investigator to DHS Botnet Research “Remember the end-of-semester review sessions where the instructor would go over everything from the whole term in just enough detail so you would understand all the key points, but also leave you with enough references to dig deeper where you wanted? Hacking Exposed Malware & Rootkits resembles this! A top-notch reference for novices and security professionals alike, this book provides just enough detail to explain the topics being presented, but not too much to dissuade those new to security.” —LTC Ron Dodge, U.S. -
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Reversing Malware [Based on Material from the Textbook]
SoftWindows 11/23/05 Reversing Malware [based on material from the textbook] Reverse Engineering (Reversing Malware) © SERG What is Malware? • Malware (malicious software) is any program that works against the interest of the system’s user or owner. • Question: Is a program that spies on the web browsing habits of the employees of a company considered malware? • What if the CEO authorized the installation of the spying program? Reverse Engineering (Reversing Malware) © SERG Reversing Malware • Revering is the strongest weapon we have against the creators of malware. • Antivirus researchers engage in reversing in order to: – analyze the latest malware, – determine how dangerous the malware is, – learn the weaknesses of malware so that effective antivirus programs can be developed. Reverse Engineering (Reversing Malware) © SERG Distributed Objects 1 SoftWindows 11/23/05 Uses of Malware • Why do people develop and deploy malware? – Financial gain – Psychological urges and childish desires to “beat the system”. – Access private data – … Reverse Engineering (Reversing Malware) © SERG Typical Purposes of Malware • Backdoor access: – Attacker gains unlimited access to the machine. • Denial-of-service (DoS) attacks: – Infect a huge number of machines to try simultaneously to connect to a target server in hope of overwhelming it and making it crash. • Vandalism: – E.g., defacing a web site. • Resource Theft: – E.g., stealing other user’s computing and network resources, such as using your neighbors’ Wireless Network. • Information Theft: – E.g., stealing other user’s credit card numbers. Reverse Engineering (Reversing Malware) © SERG Types of Malware • Viruses • Worms • Trojan Horses • Backdoors • Mobile code • Adware • Sticky software Reverse Engineering (Reversing Malware) © SERG Distributed Objects 2 SoftWindows 11/23/05 Viruses • Viruses are self-replicating programs that usually have a malicious intent. -
Virus Bulletin, July 91
July 1991 ISSN 0956-9979 THE AUTHORITATIVE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION ON COMPUTER VIRUS PREVENTION, RECOGNITION AND REMOVAL Editor: Edward Wilding Technical Editor: Fridrik Skulason, University of Iceland Editorial Advisors: Jim Bates, Bates Associates, UK, Phil Crewe, Fingerprint, UK, David Ferbrache, ISIS Ltd., UK, Ray Glath, RG Software Inc., USA, Hans Gliss, Datenschutz Berater, West Germany, Ross M. Greenberg, Software Concepts Design, USA, Dr. Harold Joseph Highland, Compulit Microcomputer Security Evaluation Laboratory, USA, Dr. Jan Hruska, Sophos, UK, Dr. Keith Jackson, Walsham Contracts, UK, Owen Keane, Barrister, UK, John Laws, RSRE, UK, David T. Lindsay, Digital Equipment Corporation, UK, Yisrael Radai, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel, Martin Samociuk, Network Security Management, UK, John Sherwood, Sherwood Associates, UK, Prof. Eugene Spafford, Purdue University, USA, Dr. Peter Tippett, Certus International Corporation, USA, Dr. Ken Wong, PA Consulting Group, UK, Ken van Wyk, CERT, USA. CONTENTS SCANNER UPDATE IBM Triumphs Amidst the ‘Vapourware’ 34 EDITORIAL 2 Results Table 35 TECHNICAL NOTES 3 TUTORIAL PRODUCT REVIEWS Fixed Disk Boot Sectors and 1. SafeWord Virus-Safe 36 Post-Attack Recovery 5 2. Knoxcard: Anti-Virus Hardware 38 Virus Bulletin Education, Training & Awareness Presentations 9 3. Trend Micro Devices’ PC-cillin 40 LETTERS SHAREWARE REVIEW VB Signatures With IBM’s Virscan 10 PC Virus Index 42 Vetting Procedure 10 KNOWN IBM PC VIRUSES 12 END-NOTES & NEWS 44 VIRUS BULLETIN ©1991 Virus Bulletin Ltd, 21 The Quadrant, Abingdon Science Park, Oxon, OX14 3YS, England. Tel (+44) 235 555139. /90/$0.00+2.50 This bulletin is available only to qualified subscribers. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any form or by any means, electronic, magnetic, optical or photocopying, without the prior written permission of the publishers. -
Topics in Malware What Is Malware?
Topics in Malware What is Malware? • Malware (malicious software) is any program that works against the interest of the system’s user or owner. • Question: Is a program that spies on the web browsing habits of the employees of a company considered malware? • What if the CEO authorized the installation of the spying program? Uses of Malware • Why do people develop and deploy malware? – Financial gain – Psychological urges and childish desires to “beat the system”. – Access private data – … Typical purposes of Malware • Backdoor access: – Attacker gains unlimited access to the machine. • Denial-of-service (DoS) attacks: – Infect a huge number of machines to try simultaneously to connect to a target server in hope of overwhelming it and making it crash. • Vandalism: – E.g., defacing a web site. • Resource Theft: – E.g., stealing other user’s computing and network resources, such as using your neighbors’ Wireless Network. • Information Theft: – E.g., stealing other user’s credit card numbers. Types of Malware • Viruses • Worms • Trojan Horses • Backdoors • Mobile code • Adware • Sticky software Metamorphic viruses • Instead of encrypting the program’s body and making slight alterations in the decryption engine, alter the entire program each time it is replicated. • This makes it extremely difficult for antivirus writers to use signature-matching techniques to identify malware. • Metamorphism requires a powerful code analysis engine that needs to be embedded into the malware. Metamorphic viruses: Operation • Metamorphic engine scans the code and generates a different version of it every time the program is duplicated. • The metamorphic engine performs a wide variety of transformations on the malware and on the engine itself. -
TCP SYN-ACK) to Spoofed IP Addresses
Joint Japan-India Workshop on Cyber Security and Services/Applications for M2M and Fourteenth GISFI Standardization Series Meeting How to secure the network - Darknet based cyber-security technologies for global monitoring and analysis Koji NAKAO Research Executive Director, Distinguished Researcher, NICT Information Security Fellow, KDDI Outline of NICT Mission As the sole national research institute in the information and communications field, we as NICT will strive to advance national technologies and contribute to national policies in the field, by promoting our own research and development and by cooperating with and supporting outside parties. Collaboration between Industry, Academic Institutions and Government R&D carried out by NICT’s researchers Budget (FY 2012): approx. 31.45 Billion Yen (420 Million US$) Personnel: 849 Researchers: 517 PhDs: 410 R&D assistance (as of April 2012) to industry and life convenient Japan Standard Time and academia Space Weather Forecast services Forecast Weather Space of the global community community global the of Growth of Economy of Japanese Growth Promotion of ICT a more for Security and Safety businesses Interaction with National ICT Policy problems major solve to Contribution 2 Internet Security Days 2012 Network Security Research Institute Collabor • Cyber attack monitoring, tracking, • Dynamic and optimal deployment of ation security functions analysis, response and prevention New GenerationNetwork Security • Prompt promotion of outcomes • Secure new generation network design Security Cybersecurity Architecture Laboratory Security Organizations Laboratory Daisuke Inoue Shin’ichiro Matsuo Kazumasa Taira Koji Nakao (Director General) (Distinguished Researcher) Security • Security evaluation of cryptography Fundamentals • Practical security • Post quantum cryptography Laboratory • Quantum security Shiho Moriai Recommendations for Cryptographic Algorithms and Key Lengths to Japan e-Government and SDOs 3 Internet Security Days 2012 Content for Today • Current Security Threats (e.g. -
Virus Bulletin, February 1991
February 1991 ISSN 0956-9979 THE AUTHORITATIVE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION ON COMPUTER VIRUS PREVENTION, RECOGNITION AND REMOVAL Editor: Edward Wilding Technical Editor: Fridrik Skulason, University of Iceland Editorial Advisors: Jim Bates, Bates Associates, UK, Phil Crewe, Fingerprint, UK, Dr. Jon David, USA, David Ferbrache, Information Systems Integrity & Security Ltd., UK, Ray Glath, RG Software Inc., USA, Hans Gliss, Datenschutz Berater, West Germany, Ross M. Greenberg, Software Concepts Design, USA, Dr. Harold Joseph Highland, Compulit Microcomputer Security Evaluation Laboratory, USA, Dr. Jan Hruska, Sophos, UK, Dr. Keith Jackson, Walsham Contracts, UK, Owen Keane, Barrister, UK, Yisrael Radai, Hebrew University, Israel, John Laws, RSRE, UK, David T. Lindsay, Digital Equipment Corporation, UK, Martin Samociuk, Network Security Management, UK, John Sherwood, Sherwood Associates, UK, Dr. Peter Tippett, Certus International Corporation, USA, Dr. Ken Wong, PA Consulting Group, UK, Ken van Wyk, CERT, USA. CONTENTS IBM PC VIRUSES (UPDATE) 8 COUNTERMEASURES EDITORIAL 2 A Backup Strategy Based on TECHNICAL NOTES Risk Analysis 9 The Write-Protected System Floppy Disk 2 VIRUS ANALYSES Education Training and 1. Beijing 11 Awareness Presentations 3 2. Aircop 12 Direct Port Access 3 3. Faust 14 The Kamikaze Virus 4 4. LoveChild 16 Overlay Files 5 The Virus ‘Underground’ 5 PRODUCT REVIEW Turbo Anti-Virus 18 INVESTIGATION The Search for Den Zuk 6 END-NOTES & NEWS 20 VIRUS BULLETIN ©1991 Virus Bulletin Ltd, 21 The Quadrant, Abingdon Science Park, Oxon, OX14 3YS, England. Tel (+44) 235 555139. /90/$0.00+2.50 This bulletin is available only to qualified subscribers. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any form or by any means, electronic, magnetic, optical or photocopying, without the prior written permission of the publishers. -
Than Digital Dirt: Preserving Malware in Archives, Museums, and Libraries
More Than Digital Dirt: Preserving Malware in Archives, Museums, and Libraries by Jonathan Farbowitz A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Moving Image Archiving and Preservation Program Department of Cinema Studies New York University May 2016 1 Table of Contents Chapter 1: Why Collect Malware? 2 Chapter 2: A Brief History of Malware 29 Chapter 3: A Series of Inaccurate Analogies 54 Chapter 4: A Gap in Institutional Practice 60 Chapter 5: Malware Preservation Strategies and Challenges 73 Chapter 6: Metadata for Malware 100 Chapter 7: Proof of Concept — Providing Access to Malware 109 Chapter 8: Risk Assessment Considerations for Storage and Access 119 Chapter 9: Further Questions and Research 130 Acknowledgements 135 Sources Consulted 136 2 Chapter 1: Why Collect Malware?1 Computer viruses are almost as old as personal computers themselves, and their evolution was only hastened by the birth of the internet. Within each code is a story about its author, about the time it was written, and about the state -
"We Steal Secrets: the Story of Wikileaks"
Annotated Transcript of "We Steal Secrets" by Alex Gibney 11/2/14, 11:43 PM "We Steal Secrets: The Story of Wikileaks" The annotated transcript 19:00 GMT, May 23, 2013 Click here for the introductory note Note: The title ("We Steal Secrets: The Story TITLES of WikiLeaks") is false. It directly implies that WikiLeaks steals secrets. In fact, the statement is made by former CIA/NSA The film begins with opening credits in faux-digital director Michael Hayden in relation to the typeface against a black screen. activities of US government spies, not in relation to WikiLeaks. This an irresponsible TEXT FOCUS WORLD PRESENTS libel. Not even critics in the film say that WikiLeaks steals secrets. A JIGSAW/GLOBAL PRODUCE PRODUCTION AN ALEX GIBNEY FILM The film cuts to orbital footage of the Earth from a satellite, with occasional visual static interference, overlayed with stock news footage and news chatter about the Galileo launch. STOCK Newsreader: ...Thursday's scheduled launch of the shuttle Atlantis with this payload of radioactive plutonium... http://wikileaks.org/IMG/html/gibney-transcript.html Page 1 of 238 Annotated Transcript of "We Steal Secrets" by Alex Gibney 11/2/14, 11:43 PM Newsreader: ...a legal challenge with NASA worried what's going on in court tomorrow to help the shuttle Atlantis and its Gallileo spacecraft escape by unique... The stock footage gradually takes over, depicting protests at the launch. Placards read "BAN PLUTONIUM IN SPACE" and "NO PLUTONIUM IN MY TOWN." Screen shows footage of Gallileo and Atlantis at the launchpad. Text overlay reads "October 1989". -
Malware Slides
Topics in Malware What is Malware? • Malware (malicious software) is any program that works against the interest of the system’s user or owner. • Question: Is a program that spies on the web browsing habits of the employees of a company considered malware? • What if the CEO authorized the installation of the spying program? Uses of Malware • Why do people develop and deploy malware? – Financial gain – Psychological urges and childish desires to “beat the system”. – Access private data – … Typical purposes of Malware • Backdoor access: – Attacker gains unlimited access to the machine. • Denial-of-service (DoS) attacks: – Infect a huge number of machines to try simultaneously to connect to a target server in hope of overwhelming it and making it crash. • Vandalism: – E.g., defacing a web site. • Resource Theft: – E.g., stealing other user’s computing and network resources, such as using your neighbors’ Wireless Network. • Information Theft: – E.g., stealing other user’s credit card numbers. Types of Malware • Viruses • Worms • Trojan Horses • Backdoors • Mobile code • Adware • Sticky software Viruses • Viruses are self-replicating programs that usually have a malicious intent. • Old fashioned type of malware that has become less popular since the widespread use of the Internet. • The unique aspect of computer viruses is their ability to self-replicate. • However, someone (e.g., user) must execute them in order for them to propagate. Viruses (Cont’d) • Some viruses are harmful (e.g.,): – delete valuable information from a computer’s disk, – freeze the computer. • Other viruses are harmless (e.g.,): – display annoying messages to attract user attention, – just replicate themselves.