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Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council. EPSRC is part of UK Research and Innovation 19 Home improvements Science and engineering for a hi-tech low carbon world Aston Martin DB11 – the supercar with green credentials Self-sufficient buildings powered by sunshine Mark Miodownik on the circular economy of plastics Squeezing more juice from electric vehicle batteries Recycling eggshells into plastics makes cracking savings 3D-printed metals for stronger, lighter manufacturing Self-healing, longer-lasting concrete INSIDE: Chickens Cheetahs Cows Cooking Colds Coffee Crops Cars Cops Clothes Cogs Crags Circles Cubes CONTENTS 4-5: News Recent EPSRC/UKRI research and training investments 9 24 6-9: What we’ve learned Snapshots of EPSRC-supported research 10-23: People Movers, shakers and science in action – from 3D-printed microscopes to self-cleaning windows 24-25: Circular solutions Science writer James Burgon puts the case for a circular UK economy 26-33: Saving our energy EPSRC’s energy portfolio is driving cutting-edge low carbon research and innovation 34-35: Power plants EPSRC-funded green energy projects 36-37: Double the benefit Amazing results from a hi-tech EPSRC-supported irrigation project 38-41: The plastics paradox Mark Miodownik offers a solution to the environmental crisis we have created through our love affair with plastic 42-43: Plastics with potential EPSRC- 36 supported research into reusing, recycling and reinventing plastics 44-45: Hot metal Green manufacturing 44 tech that’s shaking and stirring the car industry 46-47: Made to last Low carbon solutions for more sustainable manufacturing 48-49: Building blocks 3D-printing tech 54 that’s a game-changer for the car and aerospace industries Global greening 50-51: Chicken coup There’s money to be made from waste foodstuffs – the Throughout the UK, EPSRC-supported scientists, mathematicians and engineers are pioneering greener, more sustainable solutions to some of the most pressing global environment benefits, too challenges – from ocean pollution to energy and water poverty. This edition of Pioneer 52-53: Running repairs Self-healing is dedicated to their work. concrete for a greener built environment Professor Lynn Gladden, Executive Chair, EPSRC 54-55: Smarter structures EPSRC’s investments in low carbon construction Editor: Mark Mallett ([email protected]) To provide feedback on this magazine, please e-mail Design: Angela Jones ([email protected]) [email protected] 56-61: Inner vision One platform Contributors: Dr James Burgon; Jo Enderby; Professor Lynn You can subscribe to print/electronic versions of Pioneer at technology, a host of green inventions Gladden; Gemma Hulkes; Karen Manning; Dr Ellen Meek; epsrc.ukri.org Professor Mark Miodownik; Professor Philip Nelson; Richard Pictures courtesy of thinkstock.com, istock.com and fotolia. 62: In profile EPSRC’s new Executive Tibenham; Tim Walker com unless otherwise stated Chair, Professor Lynn Gladden Contact: 01793 444305 PIONEER 19 Autumn 2018 2 Moving on EPSRC’s outgoing Executive Chair, Professor Philip Nelson, reflects on his time in office It has been a scourge of antimicrobial resistance, giving dedicated people the freedom, tremendous to collaborating with social scientists, time and space to exercise their privilege to have biologists and environmental scientists curiosity and explore new ideas. led EPSRC for in emerging disciplines like synthetic I leave EPSRC’s executive team in the past four- biology, or robotics and artificial the knowledge that this commitment and-a-half years. intelligence. remains as strong as ever. Prior to becoming CEO, I knew the UKRI’s formation brings with it My overriding memory of my time at organisation tremendous opportunities for EPSRC to EPSRC will be having the privilege reasonably well, as I was Pro-Vice work more closely with Innovate UK, as of seeing at first hand some of the Chancellor for Research at the University so much of our portfolios are aligned. amazing research taking place at our of Southampton and a member of the Together we can ensure cutting-edge universities, and of meeting so many EPSRC User Panel, where I was the science and engineering research hugely talented people. academic voice among industrialists. can lead to commercial and technical application, and have national and I have witnessed what is probably I could see that the organisation was global impact – particularly through the coldest place in the universe at a very sound, with well-structured schemes like the government’s physics lab at Lancaster University; processes, an excellent executive Industrial Strategy Challenge Fund. and I have been somewhere as hot team and staffed by very dedicated as the sun at the Culham Centre for people who had built up a wealth of This focus on impact and application is Fusion Energy in leafy Oxfordshire; knowledge about the research portfolio spreading much wider. When visiting I have also experienced the power of and community. universities I have seen a genuine the oceans recreated at the University recognition of the need to engage But EPSRC is also hugely responsive; of Edinburgh’s FloWave Ocean Energy with both business and the public to Research Facility, which features a I have found that people will go that ensure that discovery-led science is extra mile, change the way they do 2.4 million-litre water tank capable of pulled through into innovation. In turn, synthesising wave conditions at sea. things, and rally around when things business is keen to work with the get difficult. brightest and best from academia – I have been hugely impressed by new From the off there have been something EPSRC has championed for advances in robotic surgery at Imperial challenging projects to deal with – many years. College London; by research into next- perhaps none more so than, as Chair generation 5G communications at the EPSRC’s Prosperity Partnerships, of Research Councils UK’s CEO Group, University of Bristol, and by exciting introduced in 2017, which bring helping to shape the agenda for UK technologies being developed at our academics together with leading Research and Innovation (UKRI), into quantum hubs, such as super-sensitive companies to tackle industry-led which all seven research councils, gravimeters which could help in the challenges, are a really good example Innovate UK and Research England early prediction of earthquakes. of how much industry values the merged in April 2018. fundamental research expertise in our As new Executive Chair, Professor As a £6 billion partnership of equals, universities and is prepared to add Lynn Gladden (see page 63), takes UKRI has the authority, resources and real financial support to government- the reins, I return to the University of people that can take UK research and backed investment. Indeed, this Southampton knowing that EPSRC is innovation to a higher plain. month we announced the second in very good shape, and has managed wave of investment in a new series of to adapt to the new environment while The formation of UKRI is particularly Prosperity Partnerships. retaining its core strengths. significant for EPSRC; our research portfolio provides the fundamental Notwithstanding the success of EPSRC can, and will, play a vital role scientific platforms for much of these initiatives, they would not have in setting the research and innovation the multidisciplinary research and come about were it not for EPSRC’s agenda, helping to ensure UK and innovation carried out across the commitment to its core mission – global prosperity. UK – from working with the Medical which is to support fundamental Research Council on ways to tackle the science and engineering research by Best wishes to all. PIONEER 19 Autumn 2018 3 NEWS Recent UKRI & EPSRC investments Recent UKRI investments EPSRC is coordinating a range of investments on behalf of UK Research and Innovation, the new body comprising all seven UK Research Councils, Research England and Innovate UK. New centrally-led initiatives include the Industrial Strategy Challenge Fund (ISCF), Future Leaders Fellowships and Innovation Fellowships. The Industrial Strategy Challenge Fund is part of the Government’s Industrial Strategy and a core pillar of its commitment to increase funding in research and development by £4.7 billion over four years. Delivered by UK Research and Innovation, ISCF brings together leading research and business to tackle the big societal and industrial challenges of today. £900 million for UKRI Future energy and space, in environments which PRIF is managed by EPSRC, and Leaders Fellowship Scheme would otherwise be too hazardous for Innovate UK, working with the Waste and humans to enter without risk. Resources Action Programme to ensure UKRI is investing £900 million over coordinated leadership of the Fund. 11 years in a new fellowship scheme The hubs are supported by an additional to support future research leaders. £51.6 million from commercial and £39 million investment in future For the first time ever, this type of international partners including the UK research leaders scheme is open to business as well as Space Agency, which is co-funding one of EPSRC is overseeing the award of universities. The scheme is also open to the hubs. 74 EPSRC-UKRI Innovation Fellowships researchers worldwide, ensuring that to enable researchers to work in the UK continues to attract the most £42 million for EV battery partnership with industry in priority areas exceptional talent wherever they may research aligned to the Government’s Industrial come from. Four UK-based consortia have been Strategy challenges including Quantum Over the course of the next three years, awarded £42 million through the Technologies, Digital Manufacturing and 550 individuals drawn from academia Faraday Institution, the UK’s independent New Approaches to Data Science. and industry will be awarded UKRI national battery research institute, to By providing vital experience of Future Leaders Fellowships, which will conduct research aimed at accelerating the leadership and aiding the development of provide up to seven years of funding to electric vehicle (EV) revolution.