AF SC Non-Profit U.S. POSTAGE PAID B u l l E T I N American Friends Service Committee
VOL. 76 NO. 1 A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN FRIENDS SERVICE COMMITTEE SPRING 1995 JAN PHILLIPS How do we build peace? We start by rekindling our hope.
JAN PHILLIPS H.I.P.P. was designed for students age 13 and older, but now is offered to children in middle school, as well. Started in 1990, it now has graduates who assist with training sessions in Lexington, Kentucky; Conscience Bay, by Melissa Kay Elliott Long Island; and Huntington, West Virginia; as w Il as yracuse. T achers N TODAY 'S political climate, many and administrators also participate in of us feel we are watching die dis the workshops, building a climate of manding of a lifetime of hard work support for the students' new skills. for a just and humane society. R quests for workshops and facilita I tors' training have come in from all At diis troubled time in our coun try, let us r member die many mirncles over the count,y. Recently, Erik and that have taken place sin e die AFSC Lisa helped start a H.I.P. Program in was founded-die lives changed, th Tallahassee, Fl rid a. people who dis overed hope where The workshops consist of ex rcis es and games that give students first hope was n t a logical re ponse. If we forget d1e mi.rad sin our past hand exp rienc s in affirmation, co op ration, ommuni aLi n , and con that happened b cause of our faith an I flict 1· solution. In one exer i e u ·ed convi tion-not I aus of logic or an by H.I.P.P., students line up in two amenabl political climate--we may rob columns, face-to-face, and rol -play ourselves of die miracl s y t to come. 'Teach your children well... ' seen s of family conflict. Let's ·ay your The AFSC's task is die same today younger brother comes into the room as 78 years ago: to build peace widi jus ODAY 'S YOUNG PEOPLE are lence Program used in prisons. Erik where you ' re watching televi- tice. The reason is still diat we believe more than ready-they're suggests that maybe this younger gen Continued on page 8 in the dignity and wo1th of ach indi ripe-for learning skills in eration will insist on nonviolence as vidual and die spark of the Divine in nonviolent conflict resolution, the better way of approaching life. T Does that sound like The Impos each human spirit. say train rs in AFSC's Help-Increase [n d1is i ·sue of die Quaker Service the-Peace Project (11.1.P.P.). In fact, sible Dream? Not if you talk to Erik Bulletin, we at the AFSC want to share there are more requests coming in and others involved in the program. widi you some of die ways we work to from teachers and school administra They've seen miracles happen, kid ' build p ace and die places wher w tors than trainers can fill. lives turned around, explosive racial prepare die soil for miracles to grow. "One thing I'll say about violence tensions defused. They know this stuff We give you a glance at our past, a sam in the schools: the kids are tired of it," works. pling of our current work and die prin says Erik Wissa, the AFSC staff mem "Now people seem to be saying, ciples behind it, and a vision of die fu ber in Syracuse, N w York, who cre 'Violence hasn't worked, so l t's try ture, as contained in di lives of the ated H.I.P.P. to be used in schools, pat nonviolence,"' says Lisa Mundy, Erik's young pe pie we teach and nurture. terning it after the Alternatives to Vio- colleague in Syracuse. Haiti School Supplies Campaign Takes Wing
HE SCHOOL in Haiti are schools in the far southwest corner of are to be shipped to AFSC headquar crowded with students eager the count1y, a region called the Grand ters in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, from to I arn. How v r, a Haitian Anse, where th AFSC bas worked where they will be sent to Haiti to b teacher r cently remarked, since 1989. deliver d by AFSC staff members. T Tet An The history of education in Haiti "How can we ask for homework The campaign is called from children wh have no note sanm, a Creole phrase meaning "all is a histo1y of struggle. Haitians work books or school supplie of any together," which embodies the spirit of ing for democracy hav always val kind?" reconciliation and r onstruction in ued building a good education sys In No1th America, su hit ms as Haiti. tem. ln 1991, plan for a countty pens, pencils, notebooks, and note Collecting s hool supplie for Haiti wide literacy campaign were ut b ok paper ar considerably less dif is simple. The AFSC has packets avail short by the September military coup. 8 News in brief fi ult to ome by. Therefore, the abl with instructions, information To order a T t An anm packet, American Friend ervice Committ e about Haiti, and a list of needed hool write to Angela Berryman, Haiti 9 At the turning point: El Salvador has launched a campaign to coll ct supplies. Project director · ask iliat peo School Suppli Ca!'npaign, AFSC, school supplies for Haitian students. ple end new or good-as-n w materi 1501 Cheny t., Phila., PA 19102, or 10 Resources and book reviews The supplies will be distribut d to als. After coll ction, boxes of supplie tel phone (215) 241-7180. 12 Loaves and fishes: Frances Crowe CALL TO AFSC FOR AOION ON THE RIGHT WING AGENDA DONALD STUART GANN is the new chairman of the AFSC's Board of Directors, succeeding Dulany Bennett as of November 1994. Don, a physician, is a member of the Standing by our vision, Baltimore Monthly Meeting of Friends, Stony Run. His involvement with AFSC dates back to the early 1970s, when we will not stand alone. he was on the Board of Directors. He has served on numerous board commit tees. Statement adopted by the National Community Relations Committee, March 5, 1995 Don helped found the AFSC Cleveland Area Committee, which started an interracial reconciliation HE CURRENT RIGHT WING agenda to im we must share information with our allies and among project for city residents and law enforcement officials plement the so-called "Contract with Amer ourselves about the morally repugnant nature of the and an interracial draft counseling project. Most ica" and initiatives at local, tate, and na ontract w ith America and the far-r aching damage recently, Don headed the AFSC's Middle Atlantic tional levels is not n w. Rather, it is a re it w ill do to the quality of life for all people in the Regional Office Executive Committee. T surgence of the age-old politics of class warfare, United States. At the same time, we must do what Professionally, Don is executive vice-chairman of the Department of Surgery at the University of bigot1y, and racial division that the American Friends we can to assist in the long-term process of devel Maryland, where he is also professor of physiology. Service ommittee has historically worked to over oping a cohesive voice with those who are the im come. mediate targets of thes polici s, the first of many to BARBARA WHITNEY MOFFETT, director of AFSC 's The underlying values of the contract stand in pay the price fo r the shortsighted selfishness of those national Community Relations virtually direct opposition to each of the principles in powe r. Division, died on October 8, and values that have been articu lated in the AFSC More specifically, the National Community Re 1994, after a long bout with Missi n Stat ment and have characterized our orga lations Committee supports the id ea of a gathering cancer. Her creativity and ni zational work. Yet, in spit of our familiarity with of the AFSC community to conside r proacti ve re clarity of purpose are reflected the destructive and m an-spirit sponses to the ri ght wing agen in CRD's work with disenfran ed agenda the contract repr - da in April l 995. IThi s gathering chised people-immigrants, Our understanding Native peoples, women sents, w are alarmed and dis is being organized as this issue workers, prisoners, and mayed by th broadly sweeping of history and the of QSTI go 'S to press.] We sup young people. Hayes Mizell, who was on staff of the momentum of its legislativ ini port staff and committee mem Southeastern Public Education Program, notes: tiatives and depl re the terrible rightness of our be rs' e fforts to I velop and dis "Barbara really does live on in all the people she found human suffering that will result. seminate informatio n to AFSC before they found themselves ." The contract's agenda is a work leaves us constituencies; to strategize lo A former newspaperwoman, Barbara came to wedge to polarize racial groups cal, state, and national mo biliza AFSC for a temporary, three-week writing assig nment and poor and working-class .S. challenged but not tion efforts; and to create pro in 1947 during a strike against the old Philadelphia citi zens with selfishness and gram initiatives that will address Record. She never left. greed in order to drive through overwhelmed by these issues over the long term. The Community Relations Division has created a punitive economic policies that We recognize there is a need to Barbara Moffett Fund tor projects retlecting Barbara's jeoparc.liz the welfare and s - the task that lies commit ackJitiomd rcsoun:es ro concerns. Contributions may be addressed to Jane Motz, AFSC , 1501 Cherry St., Philadelphia, PA 19102. curity of us all. Its draconian before us. accomplish this. budget cuts penalize those with As we proceed, we must be WILLIAM ROBERT SNOWDEN MEEK, SR.-educator, out voice or vote, while making mindful that many of the gov activist, comrade, father, false promises of economic gain to those fo r whom ernment programs being dismantled grew out or mentor, friend-died on poverty is just one or two paychecks away. It is an the grassroots vision and organi zi ng that character January 28, 1995, of compli unfair policy that consistently chooses the rich over ized the civil rights movement in the United States. cations from pneumonia. the poor, old over young, and the politics of racial We must be careful that our current work and vi Bill 's association with and gender dominance over human diversity. It ben sion arc similarly rooted in the current hope and AFSC began in 1969, when he joined the staff of the Commu efits and manipulates antagonism aga inst women, suffering of those with whom we stand in partn ' r nity Relations Division as sexual minorities, and immigrants to further the ship. And, as we attempt to climb up together to a - national representative for policies of the right wing. Lt prefers punishment to higher moral ground, empowered and inspired by Housing and Urban Affairs . prevention, regardless of the financial and moral our deep convi ·tions and religious fai th , we must For three decades Bill fought for the rights and dignity cost, and is willing to fund a large but useless stand remain clear and practical in our explanations of of the disenfranchised. He retired from paid full-time ing milita1y over civilian concerns. [t is a spiritua ll y why we have chosen this different way. employment in 1983 and became a full-time volunteer bankrupt agenda that feeds on fear and indiffer Our understanding of histo1y and the ri ghtness as chairman of the Lessons from the MOVE Tragedy ence and relies on apathy and isolation to achieve of our work leaves us challe nged but not over Committee. its e nds. It i an agenda that must be stopped. whelmed by the task that lies before us. Those new While Bill left behind a long list of accomplish We therefore call upon th entire AFSC commu to this legislative power have already faltered, and ments, he will be remembered for his generosity, warm nity to mobilize and respond by organizing our var hate, by its nature, will divide and destroy itself. spirit, and immense capacity to love. ious constituencies to address these divisive p li The pe ndulum of human affa irs an be made to PHIL BUSKIRK, who worked tirelessly with Haitian ies and by lifting up our vision of what the role of swin g toward our vision of a peaceful and just soci communities in Florida and as a r sponsible government should l e. [n the short term, ety. And, as it does, we will not stand alone. member of AFSC 's National Community Relations Commit Drafted by Philip lord, member of NCRC and assistant clerk, AfSC Board of Directors tee, died on January 30, 1995. He began his AFSC work in racial justice in the early 1950s Published by the American Friends Service Committee in what was then the Northern National Office: 1501 Cherry Street, Philadelphia, PA 19102 California Regional Office. Phil Quaker was repeatedly involved in the AFSC Regional Offices: Great Lakes Region Pacific Mountain Region issues of poverty, racism , and Service Southeast Region 59 E. Von Buren Street 16 ll Telegraph Avenue invisibility of oppressed people. 92 Piedmont Avenue, N.E. Suite 1400 Suite 1501 Phil served the AFSC in many capacities, including Bulletin Atlanta, GA 30303 Chicago, IL 60605 Oakland, CA 94612 as a representative in the Middle East and in the North Central Region PacmcNorthwestRegion Editor: Melissa K. Elliott Middle Atlantic Region national office in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where he 4806 York Rood 4211 Grand Avenue 814 N.E. 40th Street participated in the Poor People's Campaign and worked Assistant Editor: Willie Colon Baltimore, MD 21212 Oes Moines, IA 50312 Seattle, WA 98105 on education and Indian issues. Design: Gerry Henry New England Region New Ya,i Metropolitan Region Pacmc Southwest Region In his work with Haitian refugees, he provided 216 l Massachusetts Avenue 15 Rutherford Place 980 N. Fair Oaks Avenue many things, including ears, transportation , and .,. Cambridge, MA 02140 New York, NY l 0003 Pasadena, CA 91 l 03 advocacy, endearing him to those he served. ..., PRINTED ON RECYCLED PAPER
2 LOOKING BACK ON PROGRAM WORK IN GERMANY
by Willie Colon
AFSC ARCHIVES Perhaps the mo t difficult thing to d rtakings in the ervic Committee' dined to proselytize and saw their do in Germany today is to further ideas hi tory, a program that was funded by work a concrete reconciliation. "Feed ofgroup cooperation, group decisions, a relief committ headed by Herb rt ing the hungry is more than humani to awaken individuals to a sense of re Hoover. At its peak, th Quaker pro tarian relief. It i proof of a genuine sponsibility to and for the community gram f d more than on million chil desire Lo heal war's wounds, to I ssen and, above all, to have confidence in dr n a day from 8,000 feeding stations. hatred. It is peacemaking in a r al and one another again. ome 20,000 German volunte rs vital ense," according to an AFSC ap played a crucial role. The Quaker pea I from 1947. N A LETTER TO Philadelphia, this speisung (literally, Quaker feeding) has Three programs launched aft r the is what four Service Committe never be n forgotten. war show how AF C's focus grew to volunteers in Darm tadt, Genna inclucl long-t rm
3 Maquiladora workers DAY LABORERS IN NEW JERSEY have their day in court
ENIED THEIR BASIC LABOR RIGHTS, a group of maquiladora factory work rs mad Deloqu nt and moving pr sentations during their day in court this past F bruary. The workers spoke at a hearing of the U.S. Na tional Administrative Office (NAO) about labor rights abuses by Sony Corporation at its factory in Nuevo Laredo, Mexico. They contend that, in addition to adverse working conditi ns at th facto1y, ony has blocked their attempts to form a union by targeting a tivists with firings and demotions. Work rs say that Sony also has limit d their ability to me t and conduct peaceful demon trations. The NAO h aring was in respons to a com plaint fiJ d again t Sony by AFSC and thre other organizations. A ruling on th ase i xp cted som - time in April. Under the terms of the North Ame ri can Free Trade Agr ment, the NAO is charged with enforcing applicable labor laws. Hope for Better Times Ahead AFSC's Maquiladora Project has b en instrumen tal in helping workers get a forum for their strug by Willie Colon gle. Whil the political r ality in Mexico makes it T WAS A COLD, DRIZZLY, bl a1y- yed Febru downs that harmed both workers and contractors unlikely that workers will be allowed to unionize, a1y morning, barely past 8 a. m., but already th during the height of the busy s ason. Phoebe McKinn y, national repr entativ for th men had gather cl . In small group they stood, D nis Johnston, director of AFSC's Immigrant project, xp cts the hearings will have a positiv I huddling on the stre t in Palisades Park, New Rights Program in nearby Newark, N w J rsey, has effect. "Th y'll allow us to create a public dis us Jersey, waiting for a chance tow rk . been organizing with the work rs. He's also help sion about whether or not resp ct for workers' right As had become th ir habit, th e men-most of in g workers, residents, and community leaders is incompatible with th strategi s that internation th m immigrants from Guat mala-planned to br·tve bridge their differcnc s. To that nd, he says, for al banks and the U.S . government are imposing on th weather all morning, if necessa1y, as they looked ward-th inking leaders such as Francisco ar an in Mexico." for the "hop in" ·ignal from one of the contractors spiration. "Such leadership is essential if the w rk who drive by th busy, commercial int rsection of ers are to engage in dialogue as equals with area Broad and East Columbia avenues. r sid nts and political lead rs." CALLING ALL VOLUNTEERS Francisco is one of tho e who stands and waits In addition, v ryone hopes a differ nt site can and hopes. :His hopes, however, go beyond the $50 be found for the workers to congregate. Preferably, The United Nations is asking for volunteers a day that's the go.ing ral for th s day labor rs. the site could accommodate a trail r in which En with experience in nonviolent peacemaking and "We n ed to think about PHOTOS: TERRY FOSS glish classes and a vari ty of conflict resolution. The Humanitarian Relief Unit the workers as a group," other social servic s could be of UN Volunteers is developing pilot projects in this loquent, unassuming offered . "B ut," Deni notes, a number of troubled areas , including the young man says in Span "an alt rnativ site won't hap ish. "We need to think pen unless people come to Caucasus in the former Soviet Union , Burundi , about those who will fo l gether to resolve their differ and in the former Yugoslavia . Volunteers will low us h re." In essence, ences." serve one-year assignments. Those interested the workers want the op This might sound like a in applying should have a good understanding portunity to find work pipe dream, but w ith the coa of the area or country in which they would be and sustain their fa milies. liti on of religious groups, working . It is a plus if they know French , There also arc other county officials, and c n Russian , or Serbo-Croatian . If you are interest conc"rns on the workers' cerncd resicl nts that recently minds. Resid nts h ave have banded together to help ed , please send your resume to Dirk Boberg , complained that workers Fra ncisco and the other day UNV-Humanitarian Relief Unit, Palais Des clog sidewalks and intim Top: Day laborers wailing for work in Palisades laborer , it's not uch a fa r Nations, CH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland. idate pede trians, and Pal Park. New Jersey, will, Denis Johnston, second fe tchecl goal. As Denis says, isades Park officials have from right. Ahol'e: Francisco, left, and Denis "The worker don't have the responded with crack- luxury of losing hope." ,------American Friends Service Committee 1501 Cherry Street We know that seeds are not sown with denched fists. Philadelphia, PA 19 102-1479 To sow we must open our hands . Adopho Perez Esquivel n l would like info rmation on the Pooled Life Income Fund. We at the Ameri an Friends Service Committe 1. An imm diate charitabl deduction to LJ I would like informali n on Planned are not persuaded by the tide of public opinion r duce your inc me taxes. Giv ing. that has turned against tho e among us who 2. Income for yourself and/or another per on are th most vulnerable. Nor will we be D I have included AFSC in my will or for the r t of your lives. tray our commitment to protect the estate pl an. rights of all people. 3.Possible additional tax b nefits if you use stocks or bonds or mutual funds. If you share our vislon of a world that -...ii~~IIIII~ Name: Birthdate(s) Myself Other values ju tice and celebrat div r ity, We can provid information that will help in open your hands and your heart . Address, your financial planning. Please contact our Offi Make a gift today to the AFSC's Pool d Life In of Planned Giving: Lyn Back, (215) 241-7095, or Telephone: come Fund. Your gift will make it pos ible for Karin Lee (215) 241-7092, or return this coupon: our work to continue, and you will receive the Approximate fu nding amount: following ben fits: Spring ·1995
4 AFSC AND IMMIGRATION How do we welcome the stranger? by Isaac Wheeler PHOEBE MCKINNEY HE ANTl-lMMI RANT hysteria try r ccives from its immigrants is that is sweeping the United an ther a pect of our programs. 'tares today is nothing new in Th AF C office in Stockton, ali Tthe history of this country. forn ia, coordinat s an annual Even though most p ople who Friendship Day that has for ten live her are themselves children or y ars br ught 10,000 people from descendants of immigranL'i, econom more than 100 ethni - communities ic anxieties and shifting ethnic balanc tog 'th r to eat 'ach other's food and es have repeatcxlly led us to ostracize, celebrate ea h other's ait and culture. persecute, and blame the latest new In hicag , young Latina worn n com "rs for social ills they did not cre many fir t-g n ration immigrants- ate. Now, as in th, past, fear and ar pair 5 me chunks of lumber, others sculptured imitations of the good 1 g. The pati n struggled to activate th trange inert appendag Nguyet drew lines on th floor for a race. Each person had to t p on every line as he cro d the room. The patients laughed at old Buoi by Marie Bloom when he tried to sneak a head start an<;t cheerfully taunted Toi when she overstepped a line ZEN B D I I Tl ST SAY! , warns gen project, the ational Action Research on the Mili and had to return to "Go." tl y, "We have very little tim ', so we tary-Industrial Complex ( ARM I ), help ·d uncov •r must m v' very slowly." lowly and publicize it in the early 1970s. A crowd of sp ctator cheered them on. here means more than not fast. It During the war, AFSC staff, working with war Double amputee and paraplegic means to move in full awareness, victims at the rehabilitation center in Quang gai spun their hcelchairs around each oth r with mind, body, and spirit con and meeting with students and L3udc.lhist activists in for a better view. nected to one another. Sa igon, provided a steady stream of sobering informa A band of childr n not wearing leg That is the spirit with tion on the human impact of the war to audiences in dart d back and forth across the course, whi ·h Quakers r •spond · d the nitcd States and ·lsewherc. on their crutch , to the deadly urg •ncy of the On April 30, 1975, th· war in Vietnam officially a they teased the cont tants. .S. war in Indochina in the sixti 'S and s ·venties. ended. A n ·w era of AFSC involvcm ·nt in relief, AFS fe lt call 'd to honor life and build peace in the r 'habilitation, and d 'velopmcnt in Indochina be Reprinted from V°&Sions of P a , lmag midst of war, joining ,fforts with others who or gan. ln Laos, the AF, was one of only two west 'rn of War. pos ,(I the tid' of death. During and after the war, nongovernm ntal organizations (NGOs) to stay and AFS took small, cJeterminec.l actions that mac.I ' a join in rebuilding the country. AFSC provicl ·c.l em ·r difference- in rrcserving liv ·s and in raising .S. gency food aid and began a rural development pro consciousness. I I 're is a partia l story ofthos ' steps. gram. After the war, unexploclec.l bombs still lillered In 1954, wh ·n Vietm1mese nationalists ddeal the landscape. The nited States had, over nine years, ccl the French at Di ·n Bien Phu , the /\FS , Board "secretly" dropped an estimated two tons of bombs issued a statement urging our government not to for every inhabitant of Laos. After learning that shovels pick up wher • the French left off. In 1965, faced are much less lik 'ly than traditional hoes to s ·t off th' w ith the suffering caused by the U.S. military in c.l ·ac.lly bomblcts, the AFSC pro ided mor · than 20,000 Vietnam, the /\fS Board d ·cided that the /\FSC shovels to Laotian farmers. should also he in Vietnam, directly addressing the Unsuccessful in its effort to provide medical aid wounds or war. to Cambodia during the Khmer Rouge era, the /\FSC The /\fSC began its assistance to ci ilians in was the first U.S. GO to provide aid in 1979 when South Vi ·tnam in 1966, providing medical supplies the Khmer Rouge were driven out by an invasion and day care for refug 'e children in Quang gai. from Vi ·tnam. Despit ' a strict .S. embargo--at a In 1967, the AFSC established a rehabilitation cen time when even the U allowed no development ter in Quang gai for civilian amputee'>. Initially assistance to the severely ravaged country-1hc /\FSC blocked by the U.S. embargo imposed under the CHONG AE ·YU "Trac.le with the Enemy /\ct," /\FSC heg:1n sending medical supplies to areas or South Vietnam con trolled hy the Prm isional Revolutionary ,overn ment in 1968 and to orth Vietnam in 1969. The Quaker tradition or aiding people on all sides of connic:ts follows from thl' idea that there is that of ,od in everyone, a simple belief that radically un d 'rmines the conn:rt of an "enemy." Thus, these life-preserving a ·tions also rublicly challenged the war's legitimacy. AFSC's major sen,1.ce pruject in Vietnam On April 1, 1969, Stewart leacham, national starled u'ith a rebabi/itaticm center in Quan.i,: peace education secretary of the AFSC, organized a 'U,
6 AFSC and Indochina 1965· 1995
lady A"'°'W lb Vi Viking, 1995. $23.95. 320 pagefi A/le,- Som,w tells story I upon story of otdinary Vietname , particu larly women, who endured and achieved ex traordinary things during the U. . war against Viet Nam. Through her work for AFSC in Quang Ngai during the war, with boat peo I ple in Malaysia afterward, and her visits and field work in northern Vietnam, Lady Borton has developed a clear cultural lens through which readers may view the loveliness of Viet namese culture. This creates a gentle back drop for what would otherwise be a relent lessly harsh story.
Peacewor11: Global Tbougbt a,ul Local Actumfor Nonvlole1lt Social Change This February 1995 theme is ue, "Still Seek wasoneofahandful of ing Reconciliation: 20 Years After the War in NGOs helping rebuild Vietnam," includes 32 pages of fresh analy Cambodian society. Af sis, wrenching memoirs, and forward-think te r 15 years of assi - ing e says by Noam Chomsky, Lady Borton, tance, today th e AF Joe Gerson, Cherrie Rankin, Brian Willson, trains and helps run a Paul hannon, and other . Available for $2 new school for pro thet from AFSC, 2161 Massachusetts Ave., Cam i technicians and helps bridge, MA 02140, telephone (617) 661-6130. s upe rvise a national prosthetics center for Audio-visual: Vlehla,,.,. Face of Develop amputees. numt document AFSC ork in Vietnam, Similarly, of the 1991-1993. 23 minutes. Availabl from AF C scar s of U.S. NGOs at New £ngland Regional Office, which has a work in uth Vi tnam library of more than 80 films and videos re during the war, the lated t th wat :in lndochina. Contact AFSC, AFSC was on of a very 2161 Mass"ach Cambrid~e MA few that stay cl on to acl c.lres, the urgent post war needs in Vietnam. Early postwar aid in clud cl powcl reel milk for children in hospitals, Dr. Tung lilt Tang, second from left, examines supplies sent by AF C lo Viet-Due children' sw aters and Hospital in flanoi. Steue Cary, then-chairman of the Board of AFC, is lo his right. yarn , medi al supplies, From J969 through 1974, Ar'SC provided medical supplies lo Viet-Due Ho ;pit al in and unusu'tl tool uch Hanoi and to the Red Cross of North Vietnam. as crew-making equip- ment and rototiller . AFSC also provicl d em rgen bicycle tir s, and jute rugs. cy re li ef for typhoon victims. Later AFSC began aid Today the AFSC's extensive programs in am ing oop rative · in Thanh Hoa province, where bodia, Laos, and Vietnam focus on village-level com working women produced goods ·uch as reed mats, munity elev lopment. The people discuss their own priorities for devclopm nt, and the AFSC assist in such areas as hydrology, agri ·ulturc, education, ani mal health, fo d production, and small credit pro grams. Rapid economi changes throughout th e re gion often create hardship for women, older peo ple, childr 0 n, and ethni c groups in remote areas. AfSC addresses its programs to th ese vu lnerabl populations, with particular support fo r women's contributions to community and cu ltural survival. ln 1995, the Un ited States marks the 20th anni ve rsary of the end of th longest U.S. fo reign war. The people of Laos, Vietnam, and Cambodia n w engage with the world community to d ·velop their countries, hav ing left th e war behind them. The U.S. A 71.)(.mh Hoel u•uman weaZJes a rug for sale by government, in contrast, has yet to fully normalize a cooperative. AFSC provided aid to sucb relations with Vietnam. cooperatives in no,them Viet11am in 1975- This yea r, as U.S. citi zens reflect on th e war in 1987, enabling women to increase their Indo hina, some will vis it th e Vietnam Memorial in produc/lvity. Washington, D.C., releasing public and private gri ef. Some will remember Lhe lesson from the anti -war movement: th at we wh stand for peace have more power than we know. Some, including th AF C, w ill keep working to heal the wounds still evident ibodia, and Laos. Irrigation can provide water for a in th United States and undertake the tasks of peace the rainy season. AFSC supports 3 7 irrigation, drainage, in Indochina-working sl wly, in the Buddhist sen e, one step at a time.
7 'Sweat equity' builds center in North Carolina Briefs When th Racial Ju ·tice Program in Gr ns b ro, North arolina, d cid d to d vclop a Ra ial Denver peacemaker wins award Ju. tic R, ource ntcr, tho of us wh w r involv d di ·cover d th truth in one of William for three decades' work Penn' mo t cherished sayings. In 1967, Tom Rau h h lped found th D nv r The program'. vi i n i t build briclg s of hapter of lergy and Laity Concerned. That was understanding b twe n peopl of differ nt race , the b ginning of nearly thr e d cades of peac activ providing a model for ther communities. The ism for Tom, who is n w proje t dir ctor f AF C's purpo e of the center i to provid a comprehen Rocky Flats/Nucl ar Disarmament Pr j ct in Denver, sive coll ction of bo ks, mat rials, mput r pro grams, and curricula focu ·ing on ra ial is ues, di Colorado. This past January, th Metropolitan , tate entir remodeling, with the a ·sistancc of Doug versity training, conflict res lution, and m diation. College of D nver honored Tom with a 1995 Martin Wheeler, a young man who live n ar the offi taff m mb rs will offer training on- and off-site. Luther King, Jr. , Pea e Award for his commitment to Another m mbcr of First friend , Wayne Jack The plan was lid-th prob\ m was lack of pacifism and the p 'a e movement. son, is h \ping with the plumbing. The landlord funds. It was th n that program raff b gan to Tom was a atholic pri st for s 'ven years, I ut ha agreed to do some major r pairs and to pro " ... see what lov can do." After consulting with he left the church mini ·uy in 1971 to give more vide an electrician to install track lighting. A · on Alan Hawkes, a builder and memb r of First time to his peac ' activities. As director of the Rocky as the rem d ling is completed, the members of Fri nds Me ting, w' cl velop 'd a remodeling plan. Flats project, he worked in partnership with numer Alternative Rcsour s of the Triad, a gr up that Wrangler ompany donat "cl T- ·hirts, us ,c1 for fund ous groups to end nuclear weapons production at ublets th building, will do the painting. By Rocky Flats Nuclear Weapons Facility outside Den raising. In addition, New Garden Fri nds M Ling spring, th c nt 'r will b in opera ti n. gave us a small grant, and several individual d - ver, calling allention to the dangers posed to work The financial ·upport of ew Gard ·n Friends, nor c ntributed. Within a month, we raised er and nc'1rhy residents. rre is now a participant in Wrangler, and several don rs helped get th , enough money to pay for r "mod ling materials. the national Military Production etwork. project started. The loving 'sweat equity" of ex Our next hurdle wa · labor-whi h turned out Tom's history with AF, C dates back to 1974 , cit d, committed volunteers mad · it come aliv . to b no hurdle at all. n Januaiy 2, th • sound f when he started as a volunteer. I !is other peace -Mandy Lotz related activities include helping organize the Den hamm rs rang in the new year at our office. Three ver and olorado fr ·ezc Campaigns in 1981 and m mbers of First Fri "nd Meeting-Alan Hawkes, Mandy Lotz i assistant director q( the ortb working with religious-based peace groups such as Noel Berendt, and Kemp Phillips-ar doing th Carolina Racial Justice Program. the lnterreligious Peace Network.
Bartering is alive and well in Summit County, Ohio Material Aids director marks ten What do the African-American feminist and ab able for barter. years of service in North Carolina ol itionist Sojourner Truth, abolitionist John Brown, Greg Coleridge, coordinator of the Budget Pri Like a proud parent, Martha McDonald is amazed and A1coholi s Anonymous founder B b mith have rities/ Disarmament Program in the Northeast Ohio at how quickly time has rassed - but is pleased in omm n? In ummit ounty, Ohio, the connec office, ha firsthand xp ri nee with th effectiv - beyond measure at how well the product of her tion is obvious: Th fa e of thes thre pion rs ness of ummiL J lours. "I've clone probably a dozen labor has turned out. grace a not-so-n w form oil changes, and used For th ' past ten years, Martha has been th· di of curren y, "Summit LA coM11,,,u;,o ,,, i:..ch Ot/w, we frust DAN<:116No 1:: I Tours to purchase child rector of th' Material Aids Program in Iligh Point, _J-__..:c""-"=---1~ care, bread, and j ·wclry," Hours," that's backed by ~r--~~~~-L.:.::..:.~.;.;..;_,;.;. __ North Carolina. From 1993 to 1994, the program i the time and skills of its nnsN llFJSUSFHll S..mmlt Counoy, Ohio he says. "I've also given produced 850 baby gowns sewn, rnor, than 21,000 '- 11 NI fR Fl JR MANY hold rs. LOL Al NFIJ >S ~ juggling lessons and :r. ONlE pounds of used clothing donated, 70 quilts tied, Summit Hours reviv s i ® ~HHlltt bought some fudge with '>1.3 baby blankeLs hemmed, and l Newsprint shortage hits QSB I Teach your children well. • •I co111 'd.from page / 71Je paperyo11 see L111der this ink is 1101 tbe sion and changes the channel. Do you smash his ldt out of Lhings. ln th· r l.l.P.P. workshop, "l le was paper we plm111ed lo use. For one tbi11g, it's preffier. face, or do you work out a compromise? shy, but he opened up and shared things about Fora11olbe1; it's more expensive. And most impor "Many elementary and middle school kids have himself that created a real understanding and ac talll, it was available at press time. either been victims of violence, wreaked violence ceptance from the other kids." 7l1e 11ewspri11/ shorlage in !he l!niled States on others, or managed to have il both ways," says One of the ground rules of the program is that made ii impossible.(01· LIS to get our 11s11a/ supp~y for Rick Wilson, a T1.1.P .P. trainer and AFSC staff mem people listen carefully and respectfully to each oth Q 13 in tirne for publication, so we bad lo choose ber in West Virginia. "As you may have guessed, we er. That can apply to th<: home scene, too. The sometbi11g else. 7be white paper we selecled is don't work just wiLh polite, middle-class Jillie an students probably have more power than they think recycled, soil's within our lraclitio11 o.(social gels.'' in connict situations. "You know, it takes two to conscience. Jn fact, one of the goals of the program is lo get escalate a conflict," says Lisa. But it only takes on, We :.pend the do/la -rs care.fully that you do11ate to 011r programs, and we believe !hat communical participants from a cross-se ·tion of a school's pop p rson to take th first steps toward reconciliation, ing the AFSC's message to you and others is an ulation, from all races and so ia\ groups. That gives and there's no age requirement on that role. imporlant part of Ib is. Don 't be swprtsed if the.fall the students a chance to find out things about reo I Jelp Increase the Peace: A Ma11ual.for Facilitators, is ue of Q 'B looks di:fferent again; we bav« some plc who are different than they are. For example, by Lisa Mundy and Erik Wissa, is available for people shopping and considering to do. Lisa t.alks about a Muslim student whose behavior who would like to find out about the techniques. To had seemed odd to his classmat s, and so he'd b en ord r, s e page 10. 8 QIAR Work in in El Salvador AFSC's Long Walk in El Salvador Witness at the Turning Point The 1950s. The fir t AFSC proj t in El alvad r began in 1951, when a group of AF C ATIONS ARE mad of people, and changes and w got up the next morning to start work on taff members worked with the United ations ci1aL begin wim individuals lay th founda the first day of pea e. Som Lhing enormously im and government mini try to dev lop planned tion for chang s on a broader scale. This .is portant and historic was taking plac ', and, at the communiti ~s where migrant workers w re et die I elief of Sandra Dunsmor PenLland, same time, the people I invit d were sitting clown tied in home of bri k and tile, with plot of N ground f r growing beans and corn. Th m n whose work in El alvador b ars witne s to her wis for th first time, face to face, talking to people they dom. had clearly consid 0 red the enemy." worked on a co perative farm, with the ex rn 1989 wh n she b came th Quaker Tnlerna The peace a cords stipulaL cl that a ·ocial and pectation that th y would pay for th ir home tioml Affairs R presentative (QIAR) to El alvador economic forum wa to be creat cl, and mo ·t of the from the profits of th farm. Th e projects e - for the AFS , Lhe civil war was at a turning point. participants were now ready to be part of that. With tabli h d AF C' link with El alvaclor-a link Tracliti nally, QIARs work satisfaction, Sandra watched that grew progressively strong r. quietly behind th scenes TERRYFoss h r role as facilitator draw to The 1960s and 1970s. Youth volunteer throughout the world to a close, and she looked for w rkecl in a numb r of village d velopment open the lines of communi ward to sta1ting an AFS pro proj cts through th AFS VI A program. The cation and increase uncl r gram in community r con youth warn d of th unresolv d s cial and standing. They bring peopl struction as El alvador tried economic conflict about land and human together for off-th -rec rd to recover from mor ' than a rights, and civil war erupted at me nd of th " gathering , exchang s, and decade of civil war. 1970. study tours. Representatives IL was n t to be. Sandra The 1980s. Larg numb r of alvadorans provi fe ways for people to received a phone call asking f1ed army attack , and the AF C help d with get to know each other in her Lo be execuLivc secreLary human rights ob rv r. , medical staff, and r - forma 11 y and learn about of me new Foro ("forum"), Ii f ·upplies in the UN-supervi d refugee each other as human beings, which would bring tog Lher camps in Honduras. In El Salvador, me AFS rather than as faceless ene top leaders from government, helped d zens of gras ro ts groups rebuild and mies. business, and labor to work pres for a ju t re ·olution of th conflict. AF After Lalking to Salvador on economic reforms. he offic s a ro s th United States h lped orga ans in many sectors, Sandra asked why they did not pick niz a citiz n ' movement to oppos U.S. mil believed Lhat some. ort of ne a Salvadoran for the impor itary intervention in El alvador and lo support gotiaLed seulemenL would tant role of executive s cre safe haven for r fugee ·. Quak r lnternati nal come fairly soon. She antici tary, and they said sh, was Affair Repres ntativ bas d in an alvador pated this would involve th the only person all sides provided information business community, be could agree upon. She would movemenL. ca use ther' was an emerging be responsible for organizing The 1990s. AF C's arlier efforts paved the consensus that the socioeco and coordinating Lhe foro's way for andra Pemland, AF staff m mbcr, nomic causes of the war had to be addressed. So work and for recording de isions and Laking min t h 'Ip with p st-war reconciliati n (sec arti - she sta1tcd a year-long round of inL 'rviews wiLh busi utes-an inL ·rprcLiv' role Lhat could be used for la, mis pag ) and with establishing PR AP, a ness people, seeking Lhcir views, establishing rela manipulation or political interest in the wrong per training and development organization that tionships, and earning their trust. son's hands. supports community r constru Lion and youth Eventually sh planned an informal gathering The Foro did not resulL in major policy chang projects in former war zone·. In the 1994 elec of business and academic people in June 1991 . IL es, but was v ry important at a key stage in the tion-me fir ·t peace-Lim election in 30 years was an ice-breaker. "The most imrortant thing that peace process. In a war-wea1y counuy, iL built hope AF C raff m mb r Virginia Dru he act d as an people said in the evaluation at the end was, 'We're that Fonner enemies could talk 'tnd act, even in small official observer. AF C's involv ment in El Sal all Salvadorans. Despite our political or id 'ologica l ways, in the interest of El Salvador as a whole. vador i winding down. PROCAP has I ecome differenccs, we're all Salvadorans, and we can talk I fer rol ' in the Foro took a yea r, and she used an independent organization, and the tenur ' to each other."' many of the skills she had learned in facilitating the of the Quaker International Affairs Repr sen She organized another gathering with a riskier small seminars. "When you're in a polarized situa tativ has ended. El alvador has much work mix of pa1ticipants- business -incl labor leaders-at Lion, people n 'Cd lo be sure the ground rules arc left to be done, and th AF will find n 'W .,.. th , point that the peace accords were lo go imo fair for meeting together. When J look back at our way · to support its m ves Loward peaceful cl - effect in January 1992. "There we were, beginning work in El Salvador, J think thaL was the mosL im velopm nt. wiLh supper together on the last night of the war, portant comribution we mac.le." 'A deepening, not a beginning' METTTTNG LO and something new-those ies. Beginning in 1986, he was assistant director of pointed out if Lhe views of people in the area were are the building blocks that will get AFSC's program of AFSC's International Division in Phila heard. new behind-the-scenes diplomatic program delphia, P ' nnsylvania. I le speaks Korean. Eel and Teresita wenL to their n 'W roles ex Sfor Korea off the ground. As staff memb rs of the new Korea program, Ed f)CCLing to I is ten, rather than to advocate a particu Something old is AFSC's involvement in the re and Teresita join a Jong line of people who have lar point of view. Th ·ir home base is in Japan, gion, which goes backs vcral d cacles. omething worked as Quaker International Affairs Representa where there is a large Korean communiLy and a new arc Ed and Teresita R ed, the husband-wife tives in areas of conflict throughout the world. QlARs strong base of support among Japane ·e Quakers. team who arc the new Quaker International Affairs have a tough and risky job; they try Lo create oppor Many Japanese rem ~mber the Quakers' nonjudg Representatives for Korea. They will spread the wel tunities for relationships to develop across political mental work in reconstruction after World War II. c me mat and put heart and soul into the pro divisions, for understanding to grow in place of ste The R eds also speak of the AFSC's er dibility with gram. r otypes and misconceptions. North Koreans, bas d on year of list ning re Teresita is from the Philippin s, where she Their presence also provides a channel of in spe tfully. worked for more than 20 years as a journalist, sur formation to the outside world, pr viding a region "Our hop is based on the fact mat we're not viving the period of martial law and h !ping publi al perspective on int rnational issues. An example beginning a piece of work," says Ed. "We ' r building cize a variety of social programs in agriculture, heald1, is the international focus on North Korea 's weap on a strong historical basis and careful groundwork. and the arts. Ed, who was born in Missi ippi, fir t onry, even though ther countries in the area There are a lot of doors already open to us; we just went to Kor a in 1969 as a Peace Corps v lunteer, including Japan, outh Korea, and Russia-have far have to go through mem. Ours is a deepening of ci1e later returning to do research in development stud- more military might. uch observations might be work that's been done, not a beginning." 9 With Hiroshima Eyes, by Jo Operation Blockade: A City seph Gerson . Published by Divided. Written by New Society Publishers in co Jonathan Fried for AFSC 's Violence and Criminal Justice operation with the AFSC. 224 Immigration and Law En pages. Cost: $16.95, plus post forcement Project. 85 pag age and handling. See article, es. Cost: $5, plus postage Breaking the Cycle page 11 . Order below. and handling. Order below. Examines historic relation Making Soldiers in the Pub ship between El Paso, Tex lic Schools, by Catherine Lutz as, and Ciudad Juarez, Mex HAT DO YOU GET when you ask a wide range of peopl and Lesley Bartlett, with assis ico, and the impact of the about violence and criminal ju 'ti e in th state of West tance from Harold Jordan. 40 United States' 1993 border pages. Cost: $3.50, plus post blockade there. Based on Virginia? You g t lots of good ideas and find a surprising age and handling. See article, newspaper articles, letters to W am unt of common ground. page 11. Order below. AIQ IL DAYTIME______PHONE D Please send me a catalog _ _JI 1 0 Ordeals and resurrections ... With Hiroshima Eyes T I A MORAL IMPERATCVE to uncover the truth litical analysis are the eloqu nt and moving testimo Prestige"; "Vietnam-Failures of Nuclear Diploma about the past and the ever-present danger of nies of hibakusha (witn ss/ suivivor of Hiroshima cy''; and "Th Middle Ea t- Nucl ar Blackmail and the proliferation of nucl ar weapons. And then and Naga aki) who app al for the abolition of 'The Prize."' In th final chapt r, "Approaching the Iwe must find the will to change cour e. That is nuclear weapons: "Humanity mu t never again in 21st Century-The Impemtive of Nuclear Weapons th th me of the latest book by Joseph G rson, flict nor suffer the sacrifice and torture we have Abolition Remains," th author outlines proposals for With Hiroshima Eyes: Atomic War, Nuclear Ex exp rien ed ... If our ord als and resurrection could achieving nuclear disarmament. He ends with an ur tortion and Moral Imagination, published by se1ve a a fortress to pr tect the life and happiness of g nt all to acknowledge the horrors of the past and N w Society Publishers in coop ration with the humanity in the atomic age, we would b able to ex to recognize the dang rs of the future. Am rican Friends e1vic Committee. press from the bottom of our hearts that 'We are glad With Hiroshima Eyes was published to in Joseph Gerson is an AF C staff member in Cam that we are aliv "' form the debate surrounding the 50th anniversary bridge, Massachusetts, wh re he is a program coor With Hiroshima Eyes of the first atomic bombings and to reinvigorate dinator for the New England region. In this book, develops ' its thesis in disarmament organizing in a critical p riod of inter he draws on long and still-cen ored work of lead chapters ntitl d : national transition . (To order, see page 10.) ing U .. and Japanese historians, which unveil "The Cuban Missile Author Jos ph Gerson is available for l ctures, the horrible truth about the role of the Unit d Crisis-For R a otl1er public sp aking, and inte1views with th me States in "playing the ma t r card"-dropping son of Power and dia. Contact: AFSC, tel ephone (617) 661-6130. the atomic bombs on Hiro hima and Nagasaki. According to Gerson, th.is "... had Jes to do with bringing the war in Asia and th Pacific to a dos , than it did with establishing the rules of the While the commemoration of the 50th game for the old War era that had already begun." anniversaries of the bombings of Hiroshima and Thus, it follows that the '"atomic diploma cy' of lliroshima and Nagasaki se1v cl as th Nagasaki will briefly introduce and re-sensitize us model for Lhe 'nuclear extortion' practiced by to the horrors and the dangers of nuclear successive U.S. presidents and leaders of oth er nuclear powers from 1945 to the present." weapons, the reasons for the bombings will be Alternating with a careful historical and po- concealed. - Joseph Gerson Comparing promises with reality ... Making Soldiers in the Public Schools I TAT ARE public schools for? Whal val Bartlett caution: "JROTC programs arc not held an detectors, to curb incidents of violence in the school, ues and what kine.I of education should swerable to school boards or the publ i · for the claims -rea te safe learning environments, and teach peac · they promote? Docs the 111ilila1y have they ac.lvc r1i se or for their impact on students." ful means of conflict resolution, JROTC's introduc Wany role to play in educating young peo Tn comparing the .)ROTC curriculum and two tion or weapons training, its partnership with the ple in a democracy? widely used high school civics and histo1y textbooks, RA to sponsor marksmanship matches, and its ln Making Soldiers in the Public Schools: Making Soldiers concluclcs that the JROTC curric modeling of militaristic solutions Lo problems con an Analysis of the Army JROTC Curriculum, ulum "... portrays ci ti zenship as being p rim aril y tradict schools' stated oppositi on to violence." Catherine Lutz and Lesley Bartlett write that publi c achieved through military service, providing only a [n conclusi n, Making Soldiers challenge~. schools should "... promote respect for others, critical short discussion of civil rights, and downplaying the school boards and others thinking of adding or con thinking, and basic academic skills." In contsast, the importance of civili an control f the military." tinuing a JROT unit. "There is no evidence that the presence or the milit.aty, via JROTC programs, ". .. pro Lutz and Bartlett show that the JROTC curricu program reduces dropout rates, increases the knowl motes aulhoritarian valu es instead of clcmocraU , ones; lum defines leadership " ... as respect fo r constituted edge or analytic skills of those who parti ipate, or and ... uses rote learning methods and drill in li eu of authority and the chain of command, rather than as prevents drug abuse .... And there is concern that the critical thinking and problem-solving skill ·." the ability to imagine new goals and promote dem- expansion of the ]ROTC program dive1ts local ·chool Making Soldiers is about the large and rapidly cratic consensus-building." funds from other educational programs, repre ents growing military presen e in U.S . high school . ft Given th di turbing in crease of violence in the a form of tracking, introduces weapons into sch ols, compares the Jaim made by th JROTC program nation's chools, Making Soldiers points out that and constitutes a proliferation of military influence with the realities. The authors note the ab ence of " ... at a time wh n schools are employing a variety into what should be a stri tly ivilian world of edu data to sub tantiate most f the JROTC's claims. of m thods, from p er ·onflict mediation to m tal cation and youth s rvices." (To ord er, s e page 10.) "The unchalleng d acceptanc of JROTC in the public school presum s that military institution are superior ... to civilian ones; that military olutions are best suit cl to r spond to contemporary so ial prob JROTC Turned Back in California lems; and that the military's interests ar synony Junior Reserve Officer Training Corps (JROTC) suf great likelihood that this idea will resurface ," says mous with the interests of the American people." fered a setback in Richmond, California, due to heavy lob LaRaye Lyles, coordinator of AFSC's Youth Outreach The authors are from th University of North bying by the local AFSC office and other groups. Program. She says that the principal at Richmond High Carolina at Chapel Hill , where Lutz is associate pro Working in coalition with several activist groups and School was in the military and supports the idea of fessor of anthropology and Bartl tis a gracluat stu Richmond residents, AFSC's Oakland, California-based having a JROTC program at the school. dent in educational anthropology. They worked with Peace and Justice Youth Outreach Program turned the As a result, the coalition that generated the con Harold J rdan, coordinator of AFSC's Youth and heat up at a school board meeting, getting media cover troversy continues to meet and is strengthening its ties age about the proposal. In the end , the plan was tabled Militarism Program, in writing the study, published to the local media. The AFSC Youth Outreach Program because of the controversy. Still, the larger picture through also made a presentation to Richmond students that by the AFSC. out the United States is grim: JROTC hopes to have 2,900 was filmed for a local TV program. No one knows when JROTC's claim that it pr vides discipline, pre programs in place by 1996, up from 1,600 in 1992. JROTC will try again in Richmond, but the coalition vents drug abuse and dropouts, provides leader And it's likely to be back in Richmond , too . "There 's a plans to be ready whenever that happens. ship training, and benefits "at-risk" students can ap pear attractive to school districts. However, Lutz and 11 loaves and fishes, bread and cheese by Melissa Kay Elliott T WAS HALFWAY THROUGH the understand the reality of th milita1y film on South Africa that Franc s Building peace is like sharing budget and get that sheJl off their Crowe realized the lun heon head ," she say w ith an irritated guests had stopped eating their loaves and f1shes the message sweep of her h-rnd. If people under chickeI n salad. the forks were on "All stood how th military budget affects th plates," she says, grinning. grows as it's passed along. their lives-th amount of man y that The film portrayed the effects of leav their communities to upport oppr ss ion under apa1theid. The peo That's the way Frances Crowe the military, instead of going toward ple who couldn't finish their meals schools and health are and job train were memb rs of the Board of Tru st has done it for forty-some years. ing-they would see how the milita1y e sat Lh University of Massacht1 etts. budget robs them personally. And after the film, th y voted to div st One appr ach that g ts people's TERRY FOSS the university's as ets in outh Africa. attention i to pla e disarmament is "ft wasn't that easy in all the col su s on the ballot through initiative leges," says France , as if this sue ess measur s. In 1980, the AFSC and were a br eze. In fact, she had ar Trapro k Peace Center worked to ranged lo have the fi lm brought by gether on a measure in West rn Mas bus from N w York City to Northamp sachus tts that called for freezing pro ton, Massachusetts, but then watch d duct.ion of nucl ar arms. Organizers the bus sweep by be ause no o ne took the issue to town me tings and needed to get off. So, she jumped into city councils, starting local discussions her car, grabbed the film at th next and getting publicity. When it passed, stop, and . peel back. "And I didn't it garnered national press attention. have time to drive all the way around Aft r that, the group initiated four to where the luncheon was being held, more ballot measures on nuclear dis so r just drove acr ss the grass." armament and won them all. Frances is concern cl that people As easy as that. a pacifist after she had children and AFSC's Peace Education Committee in who work for unpopular causes may This is the kind of grit and fire became awar ' of the ,ffects of the nu the 1950s, arranging to bring speak get discouraged by lack of support in Frances Crowe brought to four de clear arms race. ers to West rn Massachus tts . Tn the their communities. "That's why I think cades of work with the Ameri an It all started one night when her late sixties, sh set up a draft counsel it's important lo tell the good tories, Friends Service Committee in husband Tom, a radiologist, came ing center in the Crowes' basement. to affirm ourselves, to say to ourselves, Northampton, fr m which she retired home talking about how the fresh milk "We bought a lot of bread and cheese 'We were right all along. We should in September 1994. Frances is a tiny supply was contaminated from the in those days," she says. To find inter just keep doing what we're doing.'" but dynamic woman, straight-backed, testing of nuclear weapons. France. ested young people, she picked up Stories from the past help us keep with a fluffy cap of white hair framing starte I using powdered milk for their college-age hitchhikers on tJ1e road be things in perspective. Last faU she stud round, brown ey s behind glasses. She three children, but decided that t ween Amherst ancl Northampton. ied the history of persistence and quiet laughs easily w ith a voice that invites wouldn't do. So she wrote personal "They all had the draft on their minds. activity in the Black community be others to join in and tells her stori es with notes to 75 worn ° 11 in Northampton, They had every icl a you could imag fore th civil rights movement. "That a relish that makes the words dance. inviting them to a discussion. Out of ine about how to get out of it." Each helps me look at this period we're in She grew up in Ca1thage, Missouri, that group gr 'W th ~ Sane Nuclear Pol group c unseling session started with now as a time of quiet preparation." where members of the Ku Klux Klan icy Committee and a local chapter of John Woolman's question, "Young Her life has proved how effective were well-known in th community. the Women's International L ague for man, what are you objecting lo? " An one person can be, and she would She and her family h Id to cliff rent P ace and Freedom. swering that help d prepare the youn, like others to know they can do the values and were avoided to some ex "I considered the nurturing of our men "to speak truth to power," she same. "I think we all have a lot more tent by their neighbors. "I think l was children my life's work, and I put a believed. power than we know. I would tell born seei ng th injustices of the lot inro it, so L couldn't bear to see .. ," H's harder to get people's atten pe pie not to take negative impres world," she says. she says, letting her voice trail off at tion about nuclear weapons and mili sions from others onto them elv s. We Although she su pportecl World the prospect of losing a child to war. tary spending. ''The greatest frustra should come togetl1er and give each War TI as a young woman, sh became France· became a member of tion in this work is to get people to oth r credit for what we're cl ing." Address one rug. City State ZIP J'letnam. Much of our work in Vietnam is focused in communities of ethnic minorities. Mosquito nets arc needed to protect families in areas where malaria is a Oc('aSion: threat. A gift of $75 will buy nine nets. From: We will send our beautiful "iris all occasion" card notifying the recipient of your g nerou · gestur . Address Thank you! City State ZIP 167CA 12