A AMERICAN I D S SERVICE COMMITTEE

QUAKER SERVICE B U E1 I N \/ Number 1413 Vo1.65. No.* SPRING I~M Campaign aid Nicaragua rho new government in Nicaragua has made ignificant advances in bringing health and ducational services to the poor. AFSC repre- sentatives visiting the country report that many schools have been built, and classes for children and adults are held in three shifts a day. Free health care is provided and new clinics are opening in rural areas. However, the Nicaraguan economy has been harmed by a campaign of economic and military disruption supported and largely financed by the U.S. government. U.S. representatives have voted against loans for Nicaragua from tne AFSC contrnues to support Nicaraquan health training. Inter-American Development Bank, and the , U.S. eovernment has pressured its European alliecto limit development assistance. US.- supported "contra" guerillas have attacked Arab, Israeli women talk peace c:~,ilian populations along the country's u-s. citizens accustomed to accepting the speakers at an International Woman's Day Con- borders. These actions make it difficult for the new government to keep its agricultural and cliche that Arabs and Israelis cannot resolve ference. while in Cincinnati, they spoke at a manufacturing systems functioning or to earn their differences had a new experience in late meeting at the Beth Adam Synagogue. February and early March. Under AFSC aus- I foreign exchange through trade. pices, two from the Middle E~~~,an Tamar Berger, 26, is a doctoral candidate The lack of foreign exchange to buy needed lsraeli and a palestinian, toured the united at Tel Aviv Un~versityand a founding member equipment and supplies has hampered Nicara- states together, presenting their separate of the Israeli peace organizfition, the Committee gua's health and education programs. Recent points of view as well as their commit- against War in Lebanon (CAWL),as well as of I visitors report that in some hospitals patients merit to the methods of dialogue, negotiation the Israeli Committee in Solidarity with Bir Zeit are sleeping two to a bed, and that basic and peaceful conflict resolution to end the tur- 1 medicines are not available. Schools have short- moil in their land. ~iaaiacaman teaches biological sciences at paper and with many Speaking in San Francisco. Cincinnati. New Bir Zeit and has a special interest in medical Students sharingpencils and York. Detroit. Des Moines and Denver. Tamar care for women and in other development is- nUrSeq and daycare have Berger and Rita Giacaman addressed audiences sues. She holds a doctorate from San Francisco no toys Or equipment. including many activist women, urging Jews State University. In response, AFSC has launched a campaign and Arabs within the United States to join with Bir Zeit University, like two other universities of humanitarian assistance to the people of them in reducing the polarization of attitudes on the West Bank. is under severe restrictions Nicaragua. Shipments in the spring and sum- and in working toward mutual understanding. imposed by Israeli military authorities. The mer will include medical and educational sup- In New York they addressed a luncheon for committee to which Tamar belongs has plies, toys and clothing. wornen involved in planning the 1985 U.N. organized prominent Israeli academicians pro- AFSC regional offices have organized com- Decade of Women Conference in Kenya. At the testing academic censorship of the Palestinian munity and school drives to collect educational University of Colorado, they were the featured professors. Cont~nuedon page 7

Border enforcement justice sought ~W-BPSL--~ INSIDE Staff and committee members of be expressed. the American Friends Service Com- The need for such meetings mittee are holding regular meetings emerged out of a situation in the with the enforcement officers of the early spring of 1983, when the INS Immigration and Naturalization appeared to be conducting whole- Services in Florida to provide a sale sweeps of migrant camps, de- forum in which people can voice porting those who could not prove complaints or raise questions about U.S. citizenship. AFSC brought the the actions of the Border Patrol and situation to the attention of INS and other aspects of INS enforcement. some disciplinary action was taken. Unfortunately the migrants who The AFSC is planning to include were mistreated could not testify Page 5 other organizations involved in because they had left the country or the defense of immigrant workers' because INS did not grant thcm im- "Fiesta AFSC offers legal services to detainees at rights to join the meetings, with munity. This made clear their need f 4 Cultural" Krome Detentron Center in M~amr.AFSC a rotating membership so that to be represented by advocates. staff Bartolome Colom, left. many different points of view can Cont~noc'd c,rl [)aEr 0 I Editorial 1 Troubling lessons from Grenada I by ~orTnneJohnson, Secretary, International Division I -- - .- .- .- --. ------Grenada has recently been called "a lovely Proposed by other Caribbean nations. arms-one man for each 17 Grenadian citi- piece of real estate." Members of the AFSC If the United States can successfully depict zens-and Over *75 (not including delegation to the eastern Caribbean (see a military operation that involved bombing salaries) invade and OCCUPY the story. p. 3). while not immune to the island's from the air, shelling from the sea, invasion by just the first three months. beauty, reacted instead to the situation of the 6.000 armed men, civilian death and injury. Proportional costs for El Salvador's popula- Grenadian people and the meaning of the U.S: and severe disruption of a fragile economy as tion of three million would be approximately led invasion. a surgically clean. unhurtful event. then we 175+000troops and over $2 billion. Rut the Military action as a means of solving prob- must be fearful indeed. Will our country be situation is not comparable. El ~alvadoris not lems has been introduced to the eastern deceived by the Grenada "success" to believe an isolated island: people would fight: the costs Caribbean; governments are increasingly that the same can be accomplished again-that would be astronomically higher, the time relying on police power and repression to troublesome foreign policy issues can be erased adonizingly longer. retain control. by military force-that any invasion of El We mnet comprehend the costs of the U.S.- Very troubling is the successful portrayal of Salvador or Nicaragua, for example, can occur led invasion of Grenada. that it was neither a the invasion in the United States, but also in without apparent cost'? military nor a foreign policy triumph, that peo- Grenada, as necessary and almost without Such a transfer of experience is dangerous ple were killed, maimed, assaulted psycho- human or economic cost. A news blackout and impossible. Grenada is an island of logically, economically, without regard to (except for U.S. government bulletins), subse- 100,000 people, traumatized by division and future freedoms. Grenada is not just real estate. quent U.S. government-guided, brief press death among their own leaders. They were cut It is real people-warm and able. now injured tours for selected reporters. and "psychological off by a curfew and power blackouts. They and badly misused. operations" by the U.S. military on Grenada knew only the invasion as an answer to their We in the United States must bring humani- combined for this effect. Thrust from view are prayers for release from fear and uncertainty. ty to our foreign policy. Otherwise, even we as not only the killing and terror of the invasion When the invasion came, they had nothing to a people will have lost the opportunity for itself, but also the existence of native. non- fight for, no leader: most in fact did not fight. freedom and justice and for a peaceful exist- violent solutions to the crisis, which had been Even so it took 6,000men with sophisticated ence. Middle East staff report Carol Jensen and Ron Young, along with Meeting and talking with people from all sides their young son Jonah, have returned to their of the conflict are important parts of Ron and post in Amman. Jordan, after speaking in 32 Carol's work, and it gives them perspectives. U.S. cities as part of their work as AFSC in- deep understanding, appreciation and credi- ternational affairs representatives in the Middle bility that are reflected in their ability to speak East. with clarity and conviction, yet with traditional Their two-month, coast-to-coast tour included AFSCJQuaker impartiality. 44 interviews with news media representatives. These qualities have enabled Ron and Carol 39 meetings with leaders working on U.S. to meet and talk substantively with a wide foreign policy issues, 22 public appearances variety of people at all levels during their Frances Crowe arrested in September after clrmbrng and 15 sessions with peace activists. first 19 months in the Middle East. From their Seneca Army Depot fence. home bast '7 Amman, they have traveled to A central part of their work is to seek to understand and to communicate how the U.S. Syria. Lebauon. Egypt and other areas of Jordan. And they have made 12 trips to Israel Peace worker may contribute to both the causes and the solu- where they have discussed all aspects of tions of tensions and conflicts in the Middle the conflict and its religious. political and writes from jail East. One of the convictions they shared with historical dimensions. audiences during their tour is that for peace to Here are some of the observations they "January 15, 1984, Martin Luther King's be achieved, it is essential for the U.S. to Birthday, 10th day of 30" was written on the develop and carry out a "firm. consistent policy made during their U.S. tour, based on these wide-ranging visits and discussions: upper comer of a letter from AFSC staff that recognizes and involves all parties and Frances Crowe who was serving time in a Rhode leads to a negotiated peace settlement that Attitudes and opinions in Israel are very Island jail following a civil disobedience action guarantees Israeli security and resolves the divided, with more flexibility than generally for peace. Palestinian issues through self-determination." recognized; Frances Crowe, who operates an AFSC peace With U.S. involvement and interest in the All parties have a much greater degree of education field office from her home in North- Middle East higher than ever, both the dangers acceptance for a negotiated settlement than ampton. Massachusetts, has been arrested and the potentials are great. But those poten- recognized or found in the U.S.: about 15 times for peace-related actions. In Oc- tials will be achieved, Ron and Carol believe, on- The past 19 months have been characterized tober, she and seven other women trespassed ly if the complexities of the religious, cultural by a series of lost opportunities by the U.S. to at a manufacturing site of Trident nuclear sub- and political dimensions of the conflict are make any significant contribution to peace. and marines, and Frances Crowe painted "Thou faced in Washington, the aspirations of the there is concern about its ability to take advan- Shalt Not Kill" on missile tubes. common people of the area are appreciated, and tage of any future encouraging developments; At her trial, she testified: "As a Quaker. I the Middle East is seen and understood beyond The U.S. has a distorted view of the Soviet believe that each individual is held accountable. the framework of U.S.-U.S.S.R. power strug- Union's power and influence in the Middle responsible to work to right the injustices we gles. East, and elsewhere, and neither of the super- see around us." Moderate leaders on all sides of the conflict. powers can be the sole arbiter of any major "This is an important witness." she said in Ron and Carol reported. are discouraged. partly world conflict; her letter of January 15. "It has stimulated my because of lost opportunities for progress dur- Use of military power by the U.S. could lead community to think about first strike weap- ing the past 18 months. Yet the two travelers to nuclear war in the Middle East where, unlike ons." Noting the 1000 letters of support she also noted increased realism and recognition Europe, the U.S. and the Soviet Union do not received in jail and the many people who helped among many people, representing all factions know each other's strength and the dangers of her. Frances Crowe observes. "While I receiv- in the Middle East, that only compromise and escalation "and so may cross a line they don't ed much visibility, this is only the tip of the negotiation will produce peace. even know is there." iceberg. The force for peace is growing!"

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In Southeast Asia, as in much of the Third World where medicines are imported from more industrial- ized countries, certain expensive drugs, such as brand-name vitamin tonics, are found in abundance, while much-needed inexpensive drugs for treating leprosy and tu- berculosis are in short supply. In the Philippines, the antibiotic tetra- cycline can cost eight times its price in the United States. Often po- tent drugs are dispensed and used without accurate information about effects, purposes and proper dosage. To address these issues, AFSC's International Affairs Program and the International Organization of Consumers Unions (IOCU)co-spon- sored a four-day conference Novem- Spencer Coxe stands amid the destruction at Ft. Rupert, named for Maurice Bishop's father who paid with his life in 1974 for his ber 22-25 in Penang, Malaysia. opposition to the Gairy government. The interim government has given it its earlier name, Ft. George. Photo by Corinne Johnson. bringing together rep;esentaiives of 3 1 groups from 14 countries in the region. Grenada delegation reports findings Dr. T. Devaraj, President of the Malaysian Medical Association, baIreally need to talk with you. I for Grenada. It is very bad for the no basis in international law or told attenders in his keynote ad- want to tell you the truth of what's people's right to self-determina- agreements, that it was ille- dress that drugs now play a domi- been happening here." The speaker tion," he said. gal. . . . Grenada was and is a sov- nant role in the management of was the first person to greet Kaisha The delegation found that the ereign nation; international law and disease in Malaysia, and that both Brown when she and four others U.S. appears to be the only coherent agreements specifically call for health workers and the public as- from the AFSC visited Grenada in and the dominant political force on non-intervention in its affairs by sume there is "a pill or injection for late December and early January. the island. The group also declared outside parties." every ill." He called for "a change that present prospects for the econ- In a list of 10 proposals for United in the present way drugs are im- News frequently Of omy of Grenada are bleak. Tourism States policy the AFSC group said, ported, manufactured, priced, dis- the Grenadians' is almost non-existent. Indefinite "Our fundamental recommenda- tributed and used." the U-S.-spOnsOred detention without charges or hear- tion . . . is that of non-intervention One conference participant, Dr. their last October. The AFSC ings is a continuing reality. in the affairs of other states and group said that "An Vicenta Escobar-Mendoza, a Philip- Other findings include: peoples." pine pharmacologist. presented her majOdty view with The invasion has been followed Among other recommendations: research findings showing that a whom we spoke . . . was that the in- "We call for the immediate with- locally availableherbal remedy was vasion . . . was necessary, appro- by an increase in the level of mili- priate and welcome." The release tarization of the eastern Caribbean. drawal of all U.S. and other foreign more effective than the modern forces from Grenada, and their re- drug of choice for treating worms that people was in most cases @ resulting years placement by a peaceknping force in school children. a release from the fear and trauma of work toward Caribbean coopera- to the extent that one is needed, of the period beginning October tion, fragile at best, has been dealt drawn from the non-military police The by IOCU and AFSC Southeast Asia Af- 19 . . . including a 24-hour shoot- a blow. of nations not party to the U.S.-led 1 to-kill curfew fairs Representative Alan Lind- period* imposed by The U.S. military presence was invasion." quist, produced a 10-poiint *.Penang 1 the ushering in a fOur-da~very obvious on Grenada. An Army period of and terror- Omem in the delegation were tor- Declaration on Rational Pharma- 1 Psychological Operations team Was inne Johnson, Secretary of the In- ceuticals and Health Policies" call- But there is another part of the still present- ternational Division; Awilda Colon. ing for legislation to prevent I story that doesn't reach much of The delegation, headed by Spen- Director. Puerto Rican Project for "dumping" of hazardous, useless the outside world. The group con- cer Coxe, also visited Barbados, Justice and Peace, and BartolomC or substandard drugs in their coun- 1 cluded that the invasion was not Dominica. Trinidad and Puerto Colom, head of the Florida Un- tries and encouraging research in- necessary, that there were alter- Rico. COX^ is a member of the AFSC documented Workers Project-all to local traditional medicines. A ' natives that could have provided National Board of Directors and is of AFSC. Kaisha Brown is Associate decision was also made to form a the same release to the people of a Professor of Human Services. An- Coordinator of the AFSC Third Southeast Asian branch of Health Grenada. Kaisha Brown's friend, tioch University. Philadelphia. World Coalition. Action International, a worldwide whom she had met on a previous *&Inregard to the legality of the (Send $3 to the AFSC Latin network of organizations focusing visit to Grenada, told of his fears. invasion." said the AFSC visitors, America Programs. Phila..for the on pharmaceutical issues. "The present situation is very bad "we conclude that the invasion had delegation's full report).

to maintain their traditional ways and culture. Guatemalans seek refuge in Florida In this they are assisted by the Holy Cross In Indiantown, Florida, named originally for They had fled after their religious leader had Church, which conducts the Mass in Kanjobal. the unconquered Seminoles, now live members been tortured to death before their eyes and and by Church World Service, which is pro- of another Indian tribe from 3.000 miles away. eighteen youths of their village executed. To viding crafts for the women. The Mayan women Fleeing repression in the highlands of Guate- date. the Immigration Service has granted prac- find little to keep them occupied in the tiny mala, a village of Mayan Indians, still speaking tically no such asylums because of friendly U.S. migrant quarters, while their culture forbids only their native Kanjobal, made a circuitous foreign policy with the present government of them to go out and work in the fields with the 3000-mile trek to Florida, joining the migrant Guatemala, but the attorneys hope that these men. stream and picking crops on the way. people can be granted a respite while their cases The Indian women have made one significant AFSC first learned of the existence of these are fought. through the courts. sacrifice for the sake of their survival. They Mayans last May when officials at the Krome Freed from Krome, the Mayans are now have given up their Mayan dress and wear the Detention Center in Miami complained of a settled in Indiantown with some thirty fellow clothes of the average migrant woman, in order group of seven people who would not answer to villagers, and work in the citrus groves, or not to be conspicuous. either English or Spanish. AFSC found a trans- wherever labor is available. They live in an But the wish of all of them is to return to lator who knew Kanjobal, and learned that the apartment building nicknamed "roach palace" Guatemala and to live in freedom in their moun- Mayans wished to stay in this country and to where both cockroaches and rats are a hazard tain homes. In the realization of this wish, the appeal for political asylum. to their children, and against all odds they try AFSC project is trying to assist them. The flrst use of the new tative in Mali. David Negus. has Afrlca Hunger Fund wlll consulted with administrative. be In Mozamblqus, where political and traditional leaders to the needs are probably coordinate a relief plan. He is using the greatest. AFSC stat1 have recently vlsited the emergency fund to buy local Mozambique to discuss grain, already ground for consump- aid needs. tion. and to transport the food to remote school canteens where it is distributed for the benefit of stu- dents and their families. Thus far AFSC relief supplies have reached an estimated 10- 15.000 nomadic people in remote areas. At the same time David Negus continues his work in agricultural improvement among farmers in the region. focusing on water develop- ment and conservation. Not only Mali but m8ny parts of Africa face food shortages as a result of drought, war, civil con- flict. One of the countries most severely affected is Mozambique. The International Red Cross re- Hunger aid sen; ,d Africa ports that there have already been over 100.000 "drought-related" In the West African country of Program and the U.S. government deaths in Mozambique, and that Mali they're calling it the worst have sent food aid to major centers many more people face possible drought in ten years. Crops have in the drought-stricken regions. starvation. failed; the people are desperate. this food cannot reach nomads in In response to the widespread Since there is almost no grass left isolated areas. Many of these peo- problem of hunger in Africa. the on the traditional grazing lands, ple are now too weak to walk the AFSC has created an Africa Hunger herders must sell their animals. long distances to feeding centers, Fund which can be used through- And if the rainy season fails again, and they have no animals to carry out the continent for emergency AFSC women as it has for two consecutive years. food back to their families. aid. Staff currently in southern, the crisis will become even more The AFSC has responded initial- western and northeastern Africa tour for peace acute. ly to this crisis with a $20,000 can take prompt action as funds Although the U.N. World Food emergency fund. AFSC's represen- become available. "Foreign policy has been left to the President and a few, select ad- visors. The rest of us are told we must stand behind these decisions made by a very few people. We wanted to tell women that their Peace own gut reactions are good and to encourage ordinary people to get in- volved." says Angela Berryman of delegation AFSC's Human Rights Program. Along with Pam Solo, consultant to AFSC's Disarmament Program. visits and Gail Pressberg of the Middle East Program. Angela Berryman conducted a six-day tour of Iowa China communities entitled. "Women in Dialogue: Demystifying Foreign The firmt step in an exchange pro- Policy." The tour was organized by gram of leaders AFSC's North Central Regional Of- between the United States and the fice in Des Moines and the Catholic People's Republic of China was Peace Ministry of the Des Moines taken in January when Lewis Hos- Diocese. kins, former AFSC executive secre- Meeting with small groups of tary and member of the Friends mostly women. the three speakers Ambulance Unit in China during discussed Central America. Middle World War XI. led a delegation of ten East and militarization issues, en- in a two-week visit to three Chinese couraging active audience partici- cities. sponsored by AFSC and pation. The speakers focused on China Educational Tours. reaching out to women who, tradi- "Everything about the visit con- tionally, are discouraged from firmed that we have to see for becoming active in foreign policy ourselves, and equally important, concerns. but who show in polls that China is opening itself so that distinct values and opinions, often one can see for oneself." said Joe labeled "the gender gap." Volk, Peace Education Secretary "People found it interesting for AFSC and a member of the that three women would be speak- delegation. ing on foreign policy and that we The American group, made up of could do so intelligently." said four men and six women (one of Angela Berryman. "Every group them Elise Boulding of Dartmouth said this energized them. It was College) traveled as guests of the also energizing for us." Chinese Association for Interna- and a state counselor in charge of tion of the role of Vietnam in Kam- The tour was conducted as a tional Understanding (CAFIU), Negotiations on Hong Kong and puchea and the current Chinese pilot project to investigate this ap- talked with a wide range of Chinese Macao. support for the coalition opposing proach for encouraging women to people including representatives of Among topics the peace lead- the present government in Kam- become involved in important peasants, workers, and women's ers discussed with their Chinese puchea were aired and discussed. issues. The speakers concluded groups, religious leaders. and hosts were China's view of itself as that it was a successful attempt. government officials, saw Chinese representing the Third World at the A reciprocal delegation of Chi- About half the audience questions opera and acrobatics, and were in- U.N.; the Taiwan. Hong Kong and nese representing CAFIU will visit and discussion centered on "What terviewed on Radio Peking. A high Macao issues: the Middle East: Cen- the United States from June 28 to can I do?" The AFSC staff involved point was a banquet in the Great tral America: Nuclear Disarmament July 16 with AFSC and the China are hopeful that this educational Hall of the People, hosted by Ji and Indochina. Differences between Educational Tours group serving as experiment will be repeated in Peng-Fife, a hero of the Long March the U.S. peace movement's percep- co-hosts. other places. A visit to the Texas Border Fiesta cuNura11 traditional costume and dance are used by In Raymondville, economics and culture community members of all ages to celebrate thelr shared heritage. At Bright pihtrs, ranchera music, chicken with molt5 sauce. personally wrapped packages of herbs, and much. much conversation and laughter are all part of AFSC's work with Centro Del Pueblo. an organization of the ChicanolMejicano community fighting for survival in the de- pressed border economy of Raymondville. Texas. At the Meramdo ("market") children deliberate carefully to choose a few cents' worth of cookies or traditional Mexican candy while their parents shop for local fruits and vegetables. grains, nuts, beans and herbs. all available at low prices. Some commercially packaged goods and Mexican items, such as pifiatas, are also sold. The Mercado is part of Centro Del Pueblo's program of community-based economic enter- prise designed to promote survival and development of the community. At the periodlc "Fiest. Cultural*', traditional dance, music, decora- tions, dress and food are enjoyed in celebration of Mexican and Chicano culture. The Fiesta is also a time for public presentations and discus- sions on issues of common concern. Culture is a unifying force for com- munity development and helps nurture the value context in which families and the community make decisions about the way they live. In all its efforts, Centro Del Pueblo seeks full participation and guidance from the community it serves. I .------In Laredo. networking 1

In Laredo, Texas, a communi- nc'tworks of ~OOp~rationamOIlg ty economically devastatt-d by concerned groups. devaluations of the Mexican Above, the advisory commit- packages herbs from the Yerberia, a peso and by the ruinous 1983 tee of Centro AztlAn discusses component of the Mercado supplying freeze of citrus groves. AFSC ways to pursue funding to meet medicinal herbs of traditional importance works with Centro Aztlan, an housing needs in the area. to the community. organization that serves the im- AFSC staff Rafael Torres is AFSC photos by Terry FOSS I migrant community and builds seen writing at center. 1 - -- i

much of the clothing would be taken to the most remote com- Pilamaya pelo ("thank you") munities on the Reservation, which A letter came to AFSC from the breakers or similar lightweight covers over 5,000 square miles. Rosebud Sioux Reservation in clothing. Many children have no The Clothing Program is avail- South Dakota: "The cold weather of mittens or hats and only worn ten- able to any unemployed person. the past month has underscored nis shoes to wear in freezing The Rosebud Reservation has vir- the acute need for clothing here. temperatures." tually no industry and eight of ten With temperatures dipping to be- In February. AFSC's Material people are without jobs. low -90°F with wind chill, there Aids Program shipped 10.000 An additional shipment of 5.000 has been a great deal of suffer- pounds of winter clothing and pounds of winter clothing went to ing . . . Many, many children and shoes to a distribution center at the nearby Pine Ridge Reservation adults too are facing the remainder Sinte Gleska College on the Reser- where AFSC staff Ted Means will of the winter with only wind- vation. The centel reported that facilitate distribution.

prison. After amnesty was granted. the sentence was reduced by one Szczesc boze ("God bless you") half, but he still has two more years Harsh weather. scarce fuel and Aid Polish Children, a Philadelphia of prison life before him. high food prices made Christmas organization. Father Ryszard Her- "I am 24. I have two children: 1983 a difficult season in Poland. manowicz personally accompanied Joasia, five, and Pawelek, three. By Life was hardest for imprisoned the shipment to the Polish city of happy chance, we are all well, but Solidarity union workers, those Lublin where a Roman Catholic it is a great sorrow that TatdDad- released from prison but barred parish repacked the items into dy is not with us. Faith, love and from getting jobs. and their smaller bundles and mailed them. human kindness allow us to endure families. One of many letters of thanks. the trials of everyday life." The most needy of these people translated into English, says: "I am Father ~ermanowiczis now received parcel3 this Christmas in rather difficult circumstances gathering materials for another de- containing some of the 30,000 and each gesture of human concern livery near Eastertime. AFSC vol- Lakota child wears hand-knit sweater from pounds of clothes. shoes and other delights me very much. My hus- unteers continue providing cloth- AFSC. Following Lakota tradition, no one items which AFSC's Material Aids band, for his activity with Solidari- ing to the Fund, whose own volun- takes more than he or she can use. Program provided to the Fund to ty. was sentenced to seven years in teers repack the items for shipping. SLN9IIIQ TEE ENEH1. An Amaicm Womrn Among the Boat People of Vie-. AFSC supports " - By Lady Barton. DiaVDoubleday. May 18. 1984. 814.95 with 28 b&w photos. native Hawaiians From 1969 to 197 1 Lady Borton worked for AFSC In Hawaii-as in other parts of the United in the Quang Ngai Rehabilitation Program in Viet- nam. In 1980 she returned to work in Southeast States and in other nations-native people have Asia, this time on the tiny island of Pulau Bidong. suffered alienation from their lands, loss of home for 12.000 Vietnamese "boat people." sovereignty and degradation of their culture. Her story of her six months on Pulau Bidong, and The Hawaiian people also suffer high infant the memories of her former life in Quang Ngai is mortality, poor health and unemployment at vivid and compelling. Through her eyes we share the twice the state average. Nearly 30 per cent of humor. pathos. joy and tragedy of a gentle people. Hawaiian families fall below the poverty line. still suffering from a futile war. By providing assistance in community Lady Borton's story is one of the best personal ac- counts of Quaker service to come out of the AFSC's organizing, project planning and preparation of 67 years. It will also appeal to a whole generation funding proposals. AFSC staff and volunteers still entrapped in the guilt of the . from the Honolulu office are supporting the Dial expects the book to sell well and is sending efforts toward self-sufficiency initiated by Lady on a speaking tour through twelve cities in Hawaiian people in the rural district of May and June. Contact your nearest AFSC office for Waianae. The Waianae residents see their information on her appearance. efforts as a step toward self-determination and revival of their culture, and as a wav of secur- ing nutritious food, desirable emplo~ment,job training and income. One venture involves growing taro, a tradi- FILMS AND PUBLICATIONS tional Hawaiian staple now imported because of its short supply in the islands. Another teaches young people a traditional fishing TWOnew descriptive pieces are available free to New and revised resources on Central America method. A third is a truck farm with plots for I readers, although a 204 stamp would be appre- Available from Peace Education Resources. AFSC. family gardening. dated. They are: 1501 Cherry. Philadelphia, PA 191 02 In January, a program on "Religion. Values and Community Development" added an rrC8C's FlnracW BupparL: mereIt comes fkom international dimension by bringing com- and how it In used. and Talking Sense About Nicaragua munity development experts Joanna Macy An Eraothg MU Lonely Enterpdme, a detailed Provides an overall assessment of the Nicaraguan (U.S.). Sulak Sivaraksa (Thailand) and Danilo description. with photos. of AFSC's International revolution. relations with the United States and cur- Dolci (Sicily) to Waianae and other rural Affairs Programs. rent controversies. 1984. 254 each. Hawaiian communities. Community meals and discussions followed ,,@ ,,,@ A View of the U.S. Role LP the Militarkation visits to farming and fishing sites. Participants of Central America exchanged stories and concerns about people's need to control their lives, about alienation A report by Eva Gold. APSC/NARMIC staff member from the earth and its cycles, the plight of local and Mary Day Kent of the Philadelphia Yearly Meeting Friends Peace Committee, based on their economies under sway of large corporations. trip to Panama. Costa Rica. Honduras, El Salvador the abuse of scarce resources, and about the ig- and Nicai-qua in December 1983. It shows how U.S. norance and violence of governments. policy in the region is leading to a military confron- "It was astonishing even for the overseas tation with U.S. participation and how it ignores the experts to realize the extent to which the widespread local sentiment for peace. $2 each. A struggle of the Hawaiian people in this Pacific supplement is also available for $1.00. and highlv-westernized setting is similar to the struggie bf Buddhist vi1lage.i~ in Sri Lanka Report on the Arms Embargo The U.S. Pacification Rogrrm in El Salvador: or of Sicilians under the yoke of the Mafia." , A report on the Central American War. said AFSC staff Nelson Foster. Beyond the This report, issued in January by the AFSC and the exchange of information and inspiration and Washington Office on Africa, reveals how the U.S. Explains how U.S. policy uses pacification to unite government has quietly licensed the commercial ex- the counterinsurgency war with local development the development of new strategies for their port of more than $28.3 million worth of military and employment projects designed to win back work, participants laid down a foundation for technology to South Africa in the last three years. loyalty of Salvadoran people to their gOVeI-nment; future cooperation. Based in part on material released to the AFSC includes list of U.S. personnel in El Salvador and under the Freedom of Information Act, the publica- catalog of U.S. arms transfers to El Salvador. 1983. tion charges that government-approved exports of 50t each. arms technology on the State Department's "Muni- tions List" are a grave violation of the United Na- What's Wrong in Central America md What tions mandatory arms embargo which bars the sale To Do About It. Hy Phillip Berryman Fourthprint- of "arms or related material" to the white-ruled ing by popular demand. now with commentary on country. The U.S. government claims these exports The Kissinger Commission Report. are for civilian use. Copies of the report are available for $2.50 postpaid from NARMIC. National AFSC Professor Edward Herman of the University of office. Pennsylvania describes this revised edition as "clear, factual. cogent in argument and moderate Legal Amfor South Africa, by Con- in tone and recommendations." and says "Phillip rad, a shorter version of the above report, was Berryman's remarkably comprehensive pamphlet reprinted in The Nation. January 21. 1984. is the best available short introduction to Central Available for 504 a copy from NARMIC, AFSC Na- $3.00 506 American issues." a copy (plus for AFSC staff member Ho'oipo DeCambra (right) accom- tional Office. postage). panies community organizer Danilo Dolci of Sicily on a visit to Kaala Farm, a self-helpproject in Waianae, Hawaii.

Among abuses discussed was the AFSC con- should interrogate persons suspected of being BORDER from Dam 1 tention that not all detained immigrants are illegal immigrants, and that community groups allowed to make phone calls. The INS stated should join with them in urging local police not that it cannot control the way local jails treat to enter the matter. In a meeting with Commissioner Alan detainees; however, it does inspect jails and re- Nelson of INS in November. a decision was quires them to come up to certain standards. "It b hoped that these meetings will bring taken to establish a dialogue. BartolomC Colom. AFSC suggested that the question of the right us closer to our common goal of achieving hu- Director of AFSC's Florida Project for Un- to make a phone call should be written in the mane, dignified treatment of every sojourner in documented Workers: Peter Upton, Attorney contract between INS and the jail. this land," Aurora Schmidt commented in clos- for the project: Father Frank O'Loughlin, mem- A second topic was the involvement of local ing the first meeting. ber of the project's advisory committee; and police in the enforcement of immigration laws. Bringing the voice of the voiceless to the Aurora Schmidt, National Representative of the If the immigrant is afraid to go to the police for attention of government officials has long been Mexico-U.S. Border Program, attended the in- fear of deportation. he or she is without benefit a part of the AFSC tradition of "speaking truth itial meeting in January. of legal protection. The INS agreed that it alone to power." NICARAGUA from pa,. 1

and medical supplies for the shipments. A slide- show is being shown across the country. It is narrated by Ginny Christensen, a Friends school teacher who has worked in Nicaragua. Valuable donations already received include hundreds of new stethoscopes and 1000 sur- gical forceps donated by manufacturers of medical equipment. Pencils. pens and note- paper have come from school children in the Philadelphia area and are being gathered in other parts of the country. Dolls, building blocks and picture puzzles have been given by many children. AFSC's first Material Aids shipment of 30.000 pounds left Philadelphia in early April. The clothing in the shipment will be distributed to people who have fled their homes in northern Nicaragua because of attacks against their villages. The medical supplies will be distrib- uted through the Ministry of Health on the basis of local need. The toys and supplies will be are underway to publicize and expand the Fund given to schools near the northern border. so that it can be of ever greater assistance. AFSC'n Central America Assistance Fund More information about the campaign can be Above, a Philadelphia school child helps prepare clothing has also been used to help the victims of vio- obtained from AFSC's regional offices or by for a Material Aids shipment to Nicaragua. Recipients will lence in Nicaragua through grants to displaced writing to AFSC Nicaragua Appeal, 1501 include children such as the ones shown at right. families and to local service agencies. Efforts Cherry St.. Philadelphia. PA 19102.

Quakers and others religiously opposed to the death penalty. One study of experiences in eight Death-prone death penalty. Last December the Court handed states shows that someone who kills a white down its decision, rejecting the challenge. A person is eight times more likely to receive juries challenged strong dissent was filed by California Chief a death sentence than someone who kills a Justice Rose Bird. Black person. There is solid evidence that when people with About 1300 people are now on Death Besides participating as amicus in court scruples against the death penalty are excluded Row across the country. Eleven people have cases, AFSC continues to work closely with from juries in capital cases, the defendant is been executed since 1978,five of them in 1983. national and state coalitions seeking to move more likely to be found guilty and to be con- The U.S. Supreme Court majority is showing toward the day when this country will no longer victed on more serious charges. impatience with the large number of appeals of kill people to show that killing is wrong. AFSC has joined with other religious organi- death sentences, expressing a mood of wanting zations in an amicus brief in an Arkansas case to get on with the executions. Every indication (Grigsby et al) which rests on this point. A is that the rate of executions will increase this favorable ruling by the U.S. District Court held year and in the years immediately ahead. that exclusion of those opposing the death One writer recently described the death penalty denies defendants the constitutional sentence in terms of a lottery rigged by race, a right to trial before a cross-section of the com- situation in which only a tiny fraction of those munity and creates conviction-prone juries. The convicted of murder are, through fluke of State of Arkansas is appealing this ruling. location, inclination of a prosecutor, or dozens This is the second time that AFSC has acted of other factors, selected for death. The only Sometlmes not owning it can be better on this issue. Three years ago at the initiative factor that seems not random is race. Important than owning it . . . better for you and of the Northern California Regional Office, legal challenges are being pressed based on better for AFSC and its Quaker service AFSC submitted a brief to the California research studies showing that the race of the work. Supreme Court, challenging exclusion of victim is a very significant determinant of the The value in your land can be used to fund the services and programs AFSC extends to those in need around the world. AFSC can work with you to design a plan that Direct marketing movement grows permits you to transfer ownership of a residence or farm to the Service Committee while retain- Hunger and malnutrition among low-income to start new markets often call AFSC for assis- ing all the rights of living on the property for life: residents and the elderly are problems of tance. Jan works with BAMC Field Represen- rights extended to a second resident as well. The increasing urgency. even in California, a prime tative Dick Strong who helps farmers and mar- property may be a vacation house not needed agricultural state. The AFSC's ProducerlCon- ket organizers coordinate their efforts. now or used only occasionally. And you would sumer Project. seeking to make high quality. be eligible for a sizable tax deduction. Work in the communities includes advising Other plans available through AFSC can pro- nutritious, low-cost produce available to resi- groups who want to form food-buying clubs. vide a lifetime income and a charitable deduc- dents of the San Franciso Bay Area-particu- distributing information on food and nutrition larly to low-income minorities, immigrants. tion, while avoiding any capital gains taxes. in several languages, and promoting urban These same plans may also work to increase refugees and the elderly on fixed incomes-is backyard and community gardens. The project promoting certified farmers markets where your current income. also publishes a cookbook. Buy It Fresh, and The Deferred Giving Program at AFSC has local farmers can sell directly to consumers. In distributes recipe sheets, such as "Diet for a 198 1, AFSC organized San Francisco's inner demonstrated its experience through the years Small Hot-Plate," featuring nutrition informa- in making real estate work better for the owner- city farmer's market, Heart of the City. It draws tion and low-cost. nourishing recipes. Jan Hart- over 30 farmers and 3,500visitors every Sun- and at the same time making it work for those sough serves on a number of community boards in need in many parts of the world. day. related to food and hunger. To strengthen the direct. marketing move- AFSC's Producer/Consumer Project was de- ment in the region. Jan Hartsough. AFSC scribed in the magazine Food Monitor as "hav- To: Deferred Giving-Real Estate director of the ProducerIConsumer Project. ing a growing impact upon farmers, consumers American Friends Service Committee developed and now administers the Bay Area and food policy advocates statewide, and serv- 1501 Cherry Street. Philadelphia, PA 19102 Marketing Croup (BAMC),a project linking a ing as a model for other non-profit programs ' I would like more ~nformat~on. number of Bay Area farmers markets, including across the nation." Heart of the City. By working together, markets This project and many like it will be described Name are learning from each other ways to solve com- in a new book. Taking Charge of Our Lives: mon problems. Living Responsibility in the World. by AFSC Because of the role AFSC has played in San Francisco, to be published by Harper & Row coordinating the regional group, people wanting in July. I B 4

I-A place of refuge * To erase stereotypes 1 Stmof AlrBC's Midwest Regional Office A problem in Israeli society is the recently helped plan the celebration of the stereotype that Jews have of Arabs and Arabs second anniversary of the National Sanctuary of Jews. According to David Shipler, writing Movement. which was marked by the inau- in an article in the New York Times. guration of the 100th sanctuary at Weston December 27, some Israeli experts feel that Priory, a Benedictine Monastery in Vermont. "Hebrew textbooks are replete with negative The sanctuary movement is based upon the stereotypes of Arabs and that school cur- Judeo-Christian tradition in which "sanc- riculums have done little or nothing to tuary" means both a place where a commu- eradicate prejudice." nity of faith gathers for worship and a place One such expert. Alouph Harevan at the of refuge and protection. Participating con- Van Leer Institute in Jerusalem, says, "For gregations witness to their religious convic- 36 years there has been no education at all. tions by providing shelter, support, and pro- Pupils go through 12 years without a Single tection for undocumented Central American hour devoted to the fact that every sixth refugees. Israeli is an Arab. and we live in a region "It seems a miracle to us that in just two where our historical destiny is to live with years the movement has grown to 100 sanc- Arabs, in this country and on the other side 11 tuaries in 30 states, with the public support Disaster aid to Lebanon of the frontier." of more than 1.000 local congregations and Concerned, the Israeli Education Ministry 11 of national bodies of every major denomina- "It's quiet now after fighting in the night. Over 200 has decided to introduce a curriculum fo- tion." says Darlene Gramigna. Director of the of us were crowded into the bomb shelter . . . I live cused on erasing stereotypes andvromoting with my suitcases packed." So reported AFSC appoin- MRO Human RightslGlobal Justice Program. understanding of Arabs. Several education in- tee Anne Nixon from Beirut in February. "The Red 1, AFSC staff. together with the Chicago stitutes are drafting and testing new cur- I Religious Task Force, have played an impor- Cross has lost most of its vehicles and ambulances in riculums. Among them is the Van Leer In- tant role in the coordination and development the shelling. People are very frightened. The southern stitute, which is concerned both with the cur- of the National Sanctuary Movement since suburbs are a total disaster. In West Beirut the water riculums used for Jewish children and those inauguration of the first sanctuary on March mains are broken: there are no blankets or mattresses h used by Arabs. The AFSC has contributed 24. 1982. The 100 sanctuary sites to date in- and no way to get more in. Electricity is intermittent, $20.000 to the Van Leer Institute to help i clude Protestant. Roman Catholic. Jewish. on only four to six hours a day." develop new classroom approaches and then Unitarian/Universalist. and ecumenical con- Normally Anne Nixon's assignment has been to test them in selected school settings to deter- ' gregations, and sixteen Friends Meetings. coordinate agricultural projects in southern Lebanon. mine if cross-cultural understanding is As we go to press one is a pilot cooperative in Tvre enhanced. processing Roat milk from 50 goatito make yokurt and cheese. much in demand in the area. Eight fam- I ilies. identified as "hardship cases," participate in the project. Two vats and a cooker are all that is needed in the way of equipment. A small piece of land is to be I/ planted for forage. Other feed can be bought locally. 11 Seconded to work with the Middle East Council of Are you Churches (MECC). Anne Nixon had been in Lebanon since 1982. before the Israeli invasion and the siege callled to 'i of Beirut. In February 1984. when Beirut was again 11 peacemaking 11 under siege. Anne was asked by service agencies to I1 get garbage off the streets before it became a breeding 1 I ground for rats and disease. To accomplish this task. Ken. a GI stationed in Aberdeen. Maryland. ! Korean Quaker elder Ram Sok Hon (right) she supervised a team of 90 civil defense workers and had been in the Army for over three years talks with othrr participants at the third used trucks donated by a local business firm. and was due for a discharge in eight months. 1; AFSC Conference on Korean Reunification. In early March AFSC sent MECC $5.000 to help pro- Rut waiting for his enlistment to end was The conference was held in Los Angeles in vide civil defense teams in West Beirut with fire- troublesome, for he felt he could not, in good !I December. At the request of participants, it fighting equipment. ropes. ladders and wheelbarrows, conscience, remain in the military. He had , was by invitation and off the record to allow for clearing rubble and rescuing people from damaged been reading about and realized that I an atmosphere of free and open dialogue. buildings. Another $5.000 went for aid to refugees in he was a pacifist himself. About two-thirds of the 55 participants were the Sidon area. and $20.000 to support continuing In July 1983. Ken was on his way to visit Korean-American. work in housing reconstruction. his wife in . to tell her of his deci- sion. He stopped at Slippery Rock University in Pennsylvania to look up some professors , from his student days. There. he discovered naining programs and supplies aid Kampuchea the Friends General Conference Gathering. 11 Ken attended the keynote address by To help restore earvices to puchea continues to limit food use more bicycles, cold storage Everett Mendelsohn, an AFSC panel member handicapped people. Kampuchea production. Diseases are under boxes and other supplies. AFSC and frequent consultant, as well as primary formally opened its new National control but not eradicated. will provide both technical sup- author of the AFSC book. A Cornpass~onate Rehabilitation Center on Thousands of hectares of land lie port and supplies to these three Peace. Everett Mendelsohn's speech was en- February 1. AFSC rebuilt and fallow in one province alone for provinces which claim one-third titled. "Are You Called to Peacemaking?'' equipped the Center and also lack of draft power, he reports. of the country's draft animals In a private ravenation with Everett /j supplied satellite workshops in AFSC provided 800.000 doses of and which produce almost one- Mendelsohn, Ken became certain that he was six provinces with tools and vaccine for the 1983 nationwide third of the country's rice. a . He contacted the equipment. AFSC arranged for a immunization campaign and a AFSC Regional Office in Baltimore where i French prosthetist to train the substantial portion of the vat- peace education staff Fran Donelan helped , ten technicians who staff the cines for a second campaign him begin the long. arduous task of writing 1 Center and provincial hospital. which began in February. his C.O. claim. She introduced him to a I On a visit to three chaplain and a lawyer associated with the They learned to make and fit I' simple artificial limbs and to provinces in Novem- Central Committee for Conscientious Objec- operate and maintain the power ber. Gordon Hatcher tors who provided further help. I tools. observed that the Fran Donelan writes. "During this time crude portable chute something interesting happened. As we Using the new tools, the techni- used to restrain discussed his background, I learned that Ken cians made furniture. cupboards animals was not and his wife had been running a shelter for and rehabilitation equipment for always effective animals. His reason for being in the military 1 the Center. In a temporary work- and that some was to provide financial support for the t shop these technicians manufac- the vat- shelter. I explained how the military used , t, tured each month an average of ,.inations did animals for experiments-torturing, killing : 20-25 new prostheses for am- not penetrate and maiming them, right there at Aber- 1 'j putees and repaired or modified the skin. ln deen . . . This information added even more , 1 an equal number of old ones. discussing urgency to Ken's need for a discharge." 1 Norma Domingo, an AFSC this with the Ken was discharged from the Army in I physical therapist. has begun provincial January. He looks forward to continuing his , 1 training staff at the Center in veterinary efforts on behalf of people and animals. ! physical therapy, especially for services he "It was a pleasure working with Kcn," Fran I work with amputees. was told Donelan writes. "And 1 learned a lot. People ' AFSC veterinarian, Gordon their vacci- like him are to be admired for the strength of 1' Hatcher, confirms that the short- nators needed ' ' their convictions that leads them to make age of draft animals in Kam- better training, ant1 I lit.?. what often might be a difficult choice." - 1