DOCSLIB.ORG

Hans-Peter Hasse / Günther Wartenberg (Hg.): Caspar Peucer (1525-1602)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Hans-Peter Hasse / Günther Wartenberg (Hg.): Caspar Peucer (1525-1602) Hans-Peter Hasse / Günther Wartenberg (Hg.): Caspar Peucer (1525-1602). Wissenschaft, Glaube und Politik im konfessionellen Zeitalter, Leipzig: Evangelische Verlagsanstalt 2005, 381 S., ISBN 3-374-02106-9, EUR 28,00 Rezensiert von: Susan Boettcher University of Texas at Austin This volume is comprised of fifteen revised conference papers from a colloquium held in conjunction with the millennium anniversary of the city of Bautzen and the 400th anniversary of Peucer's death in 2002. It also includes an essay on the city's new Peucer monument and a bibliography of Peucer's printed works. Its apparent justification is primarily as a record of the conference. The disturbing tendency toward the production of essay volumes on individuals for whom a scholarly biography is a pressing desideratum made me wary of the book - unnecessarily in this case. Taken together, the volume's essays provide a useful portrait of the sixteenth-century scholar Peucer, whose studies and teaching brought him in contact with philology, natural philosophy, astronomy, theology, medicine, and even history across the course of a productive career unfortunately cut short when he was accused of crypto-Calvinism and imprisoned for over a decade. Notwithstanding Joachim Castan's brief attempt to re-envision the post-imprisonment phase of his life near the end of this volume, Peucer's relief at his release must quickly have given way to frustration with the circumstances. Günther Wartenberg provides a brief biography of the different life stages of this favorite son of Bautzen's Reformation that provides basic orientation to readers unfamiliar with Peucer's career. Ulrike Ludwig traces just as concisely Peucer's career at Wittenberg, from his immatriculation in the arts faculty in 1540 to his assumption of various posts and lectureships there (mathematics, astronomy) under the influence of his father-in-law, Philip Melanchthon, and Elector August, until 1560, when he came to the medical faculty. His lectures about Carion's Chronica were so important that his former colleagues sought to retain him even as he was being interrogated about his theology after 1574. Martin Roebel describes the basic features of Peucer's medical ideas, which formed under the humanist rediscovery and subsequent critique of the great classical authors. This essay and the following ones by Wolf-Dieter Müller-Jahncke and Michael Weichenhan on Peucer's astronomy and astrology make clear that the study of late sixteenth- century theology at Wittenberg is not primarily antiquarian esotericism but lays bare the decisive role these scholars played in the developing direction of early modern science and natural philosophy. Robert Kolb weighs in on Peucer's Eucharistic teachings, an important issue since one aspect of crypto-Calvinism was its alleged teaching on the real presence. Kolb does not provide a definitive judgment on this problem, but does suggest that Peucer had gone beyond Melanchthon's understanding of the Lord's Supper, under the influence of metaphysical ideas from the classical period whose examination he suggests would be a productive area of future research. The highlight of the volume is Hans-Peter Hasse's careful analysis of Peucer's trial in light of his own account of the process, the Historia carcerum. Hasse considers Peucer's collection of documents and statements about his imprisonment in the context of contemporary legal assumptions and narrative influences. As Peucer's 854-page statement is perhaps the major source for the study of a much larger phenomenon of political persecution in the context of Lutheran confessionalization, Hasse's reflections on the book will be fundamental to future research. Jens Bruning traces the twists and turns in Peucer's relationship with August. Peucer enjoyed the trust of the family, serving for several years as their personal physician, until his openness to Calvinism in his advice about foreign policy began to collide with August's own anti-Calvinism. At this point the volume turns to Bautzen, with a short piece by Uwe Koch on the Peucer family history in that community that illuminates the family heritage in the city's elites and explains the social background that prepared Peucer for such an illustrious career. Hagen Schulz provides a splendid essay on the history of Bautzen, reminding us that Peucer's fall at court was paralleled in the experiences of the city and its hinterland. A burgeoning, growing area of political and economic interest from the late medieval period throughout the height of the Reformation, Upper Lusatia was punished for its alleged transgressions in the Schmalkaldic War via the Pönfall, an enforced settlement in which the Holy Roman Empire revoked all of the privileges of the local cities, sending the area into a severe crisis that was only beginning to abate as the Thirty Years' War broke out. Instead of emphasizing the uniqueness of the area, as is typically done in much of the literature, Schulz points out its typicality and outlines its history by tracing Peucer's own comments on the developments of the sixteenth century, which stress contemporary interrelationships. The concluding essays in the volume, while adding significantly to our picture of Peucer, are awkwardly placed and read like a postscript. Nicole Kuropka analyzes Melanchthon's correspondence with Peucer - a theme with a limited albeit interesting source basis, since the two men spent most of their time together in Wittenberg - showing that Melanchthon's support of Peucer was due to a true intellectual relationship and not simply family networking. Heinz Scheible, in an essay that illuminates many of Jens Bruning's claims, elucidates Peucer's relationship with the Palatinate via the entertaining gambit of explaining why some of Joachim Camerarius' letters ended up in the Vatican Library. Doris Teichmann's valuable work on Peucer's activities as linguistic liaison to the Bohemian Brothers, like Schulz's essay, re-animates the reader's sense of the central European connections so self-evident in the sixteenth century but so obscure in the meantime. Rainer Kößling's penultimate contribution is the only author here to address a theme we more typically associate with humanism than medicine, namely poetry, in his rehabilitation of Peucer's Idyllium Patria, a poem praising Upper Lusatia. Ophelia Rehor closes the essays with a brief contribution on sixteenth-century depictions of Peucer as they fed into the construction of the city's new monument. Jürgen Hamel and Martin Roebel conclude the volume with a bibliography of Peucer's printed works as they are known to us now, usefully turning up a few items not included in VD 16. All in all, this volume is a valuable read that emphasizes the crossing of disciplinary boundaries and the relevance of the political and social background to understanding the intellectual contributions of a sixteenth- century polymath. To some extent, the more traditional aspects of those contributions receive short shrift - it would have been intriguing to read more about Peucer's studies of Carion, or of philosophy and metaphysics. On the other hand, the subjects chosen successfully stress the relevance of Peucer's career and the centrality of the Bautzen region to developments in sixteenth-century political and intellectual history in a way that the publications relating to the 2002 Zittau exhibition on the Habsburgs in Lusatia did not. The multiple essay format does lead to a good deal of repetition, both in the text of the contributions and in the footnotes; for example, readers are treated to several different accounts of the crypto-Calvinist affair in Wittenberg and multiple retellings of Peucer's activities at Wittenberg. The order of the essays is not entirely transparent, with Schulz's important and refreshing contextualizing piece about sixteenth-century Bautzen in the middle. But the high quality of the essays and the interesting material they present more than compensates. It is to be hoped that this volume will serve as a spur to Peucer's potential future biographer, or to a scholar who will write a definitive and modern history of crypto-Calvinism in Wittenberg. Even absent such results, this satisfying volumes suggests that Peucer will look back on this anniversary of his death with contentment from the heavenly academy that Melanchthon assumed he, his fellow scholars and his students would occupy. Redaktionelle Betreuung: Ute Lotz-Heumann Empfohlene Zitierweise: Susan Boettcher: Rezension von: Hans-Peter Hasse / Günther Wartenberg (Hg.): Caspar Peucer (1525-1602). Wissenschaft, Glaube und Politik im konfessionellen Zeitalter, Leipzig: Evangelische Verlagsanstalt 2005, in: sehepunkte 5 (2005), Nr. 10 [15.10.2005], URL: <http://www.sehepunkte.historicum.net/2005/10/3694. html> Bitte setzen Sie beim Zitieren dieser Rezension hinter der URL-Angabe in runden Klammern das Datum Ihres letzten Besuchs dieser Online-Adresse ein. .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Science of Astrology: Schreibkalender, Natural Philosophy, and Everyday Life in the Seventeenth-Century German Lands
    The Science of Astrology: Schreibkalender, Natural Philosophy, and Everyday Life in the Seventeenth-Century German Lands A dissertation submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Cincinnati in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History of the College of Arts and Sciences by Kelly Marie Smith M.A. University of Cincinnati, December 2003 B.S. Eastern Michigan University, December 2000 Committee Chair: Sigrun Haude, Ph.D. Abstract This dissertation explores the use of Schreibkalender, or writing-calendars, and their accompanying prognostica astrologica to evaluate how ideas about seventeenth-century natural philosophy – particularly the relationship between astronomy and astrology – changed throughout the period. These calendars contain a wealth of information that demonstrates the thirst early modern readers had for knowledge of the world around them. Because Schreibkalender and prognostica were written annually for the general populace and incorporated contemporary ideas regarding natural philosophy, they provide a means to assess the roles of both astronomical and astrological ideas during this period and how these changes were conveyed to the average person. Not only did authors present practical information related to the natural world, but they also explained basic philosophical principles and new discoveries to their audience. This research examines how changing ideas about the role of natural philosophy and its direct influence on everyday life developed over the course of the seventeenth century. An examination of the Schreibkalender and prognostica reveals a shift in emphasis throughout the period. Early calendars (approximately 1600-30) presented direct astronomical and astrological information related to the daily life of the average person, whereas those from the middle of the century (~1630-70) added helpful details explaining astronomical and astrological concepts.
    [Show full text]
  • The Nova Stella and Its Observers
    Running title: Nova stella 1572 AD The Nova Stella and its Observers P. Ruiz–Lapuente ∗,∗∗ 1. Introduction In 1572, physicists were still living with the concepts of mechanics inherited from Aris- totle and with the classification of the elements from the Greek philosopher. The growing criticism towards the Aristotelian views on the natural world could not turn very produc- tive, because the necessary elements of calculus and the empirical tools to move into a better frame were still lacking. However, in astronomy, observers had witnessed by that time the comet of 1556 and they would witness a new one in 1577. Moreover, since 1543 when De Revolutionibus Orbium Caelestium by Copernicus came to light, the apparent motion of the planets had a radically different explanation from the ortodox geocentrism. The new helio- centric view slowly won supporters among astronomers. The explanations concerning the planetary motions would depart from the “common sense” intuitions that had placed the earth sitting still at the center of the planetary system. Thus the “nova stella” in 1572 happened in the middle of the geocentric–versus–heliocentric debate. The other “nova”, the one that would be observed in 1604 by Kepler, came just shortly after the posthumous publication of Tycho Brahe’s Astronomiae Instauratae Progymnasmata1 which contains most of the debates in relation to the appearance of the “new star”2. arXiv:astro-ph/0502399v1 21 Feb 2005 The machinery moving the planetary spheres, i.e. the intrincate system of solid spheres rotating by the motion imparted to them as the wheels in a clock, was not directly affected by the new heliocentric proposal.
    [Show full text]
  • The Academic Genealogy of Swapnil Haria
    �� John Mauropus, ���-���� �� Johannes VIII Xiphilinus, ����-���� �� Nicetas Byzantius The Academic University of Constantinople University of Constantinople, ���� | Patriarch of Constantinople �� Michael Psellos, ����-���� University of Constantinople Genealogy of �� John Italus, ����-���� University of Constantinople �� Theodore of Smyrna Swapnil Haria University of Constantinople �� Michael Italikos, c. ���� �� Stephanos Skylitzes Philippolis Trebizond | Constantinople, ���� Academic ancestors include two saints, Copernicus, Erasmus, and Leibniz. This �� Theodoros Prodromos, ����-���� Patriarch school, Constantinople geneology almost certainly contains errors and omissions. Information compiled �� Demetrios Karykes Smyrna, ���� from/by Mathematics Genealogy Project, �� Theodorus Exapterigus �� Nicephorus Blemmydes, ����-���� Neurotree, Nikos Hardavellas, Mark D. Hill, Prusa, Nicea | Smyrna, Scamander | Monastery of Ephesus Timothy Sherwood, and Gio Wiederhold. �� Georgius Acropolitus, ����-���� Nicae �� Georgius Pachymeres, ����-���� Constantinople �� Manual Byrennius, ����-XXXX Constantinople �� Theodore Metochites, ����-���� Nicea �� Elder St. Nicodemus of Vatopedi �� Nicephorus Gregoras, ����-���� �� Manuel Holobolos Vatopedi Monastery, Mt. Athos, ��XX Constantinople Rhetor at the court of Nicae, ���� �� St. Gregory Palamas, ����-���� �� Simon of Constantinople, ����-���� Constantinople | Vatopedi Monastery, Mt. Athos | Thessaloniki Pera near Contantinople �� Nilus Cabasilas, ����-���� �� Philip of Pera (Philippo de Bindo Incontri)
    [Show full text]
  • Copernicus' First Friends: Physical Copernicanism
    Filozofski vestnik Volume/Letnik XXV • Number/Številka 2 • 2004 • 143–166 COPERNICUS’ FIRST FRIENDS: PHYSICAL COPERNICANISM FROM 1543 TO 1610 Katherine A. Tredwell and Peter Barker Early assessments of the Copernican Revolution were hampered by the failure to understand the nature of astronomy in the sixteenth century, as scholars took statements made in praise of Copernicus to be implicit endorsements of his heliocentric cosmology. Gradually this view has been supplanted by the ac- knowledgement that many supposed partisans of Copernicus only endorsed the use of his astronomical models for the calculation of apparent planetary positions, while rejecting or remaining silent on the reality of heliocentrism. A classic example of this shift in historiography concerns Erasmus Reinhold (1511–1553), a professor of mathematics at the University of Wittenberg. Re- inhold’s use of Copernican models in his Prutenic Tables (Tabulae prutenicae, 1551) has led to the mistaken belief that he sanctioned a Sun-centered cos- mology as well. Careful reassessment of his published writings has revealed that he commended certain aspects of Copernicus’ work, such as the elimi- nation of the equant, but showed no interest in heliocentrism (Westman, 1975: pp. 174–178). Other supposed Copernicans, such as Robert Recorde (c. 1510–1558), expressed some openness to the Earth’s motion but left no clear indication of what they thought to be the true system of the world (Rus- sell, 1972: pp. 189–191). Between the publication of Copernicus’ epoch-making book On the Revo- lutions of the Celestial Orbs (De revolutionibus orbium coelestium) in 1543 and the year 1610, only a handful of individuals can be identified with certainty as Copernicans, in the sense that they considered heliocentrism to be physically real and not merely a calculational convenience.
    [Show full text]
  • Johannes Kepler's Horoscope Collection
    CULTURE AND COSMOS A Journal of the History of Astrology and Cultural Astronomy Vol. 14 no 1 and 2, Spring/Summer and Autumn/Winter 2010 Published by Culture and Cosmos and the Sophia Centre Press, in partnership with the University of Wales Trinity Saint David, in association with the Sophia Centre for the Study of Cosmology in Culture, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, Faculty of Humanities and the Performing Arts Lampeter, Ceredigion, Wales, SA48 7ED, UK. www.cultureandcosmos.org Cite this paper as: Friederike Boockmann, ‘Johannes Kepler’s Horoscope Collection’ (trans. Patrick Boner, additional ediing Dorian Greenbaum), Culture and Cosmos , Vol. 14 no 1 and 2, Spring/Summer and Autumn/Winter 2010, pp. 1-32. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue card for this book is available from the British Library All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the Publishers. ISSN 1368-6534 Printed in Great Britain by Lightning Source Copyright 2018 Culture and Cosmos All rights reserved Johannes Kepler’s Horoscope Collection _________________________________________________________________ Friederike Boockmann Updated and translated from the German by Patrick * J. Boner; additional editing by Dorian Greenbaum Astrology in Kepler’s time (1571-1630) experienced a second highpoint in its history. Kepler the astronomer also had to deal extensively with astrological questions. From these questions came his theoretical writings on astrology, De fundamentis astrologiae certioribus (1602), Antwort auf Röslini Diskurs (1609), Tertius interveniens (1610)1 and Harmonice mundi (1619), Book 4, Chapter 7.2 However, while these writings have been considered in numerous scholarly studies,3 Kepler’s dealings with * Boockmann’s original article appeared as ‘Die Horoskopsammlung von Johannes Kepler’, in Miscellanea Kepleriana.
    [Show full text]
  • Academic Ancestry of Christopher John Nitta Generation
    Academic Ancestry of Christopher John Nitta Legend Name Generation Institution Institution National Seal Degree Year "Thesis Title" Flag Domingo (St. Dominic) de Guzmán 49th Universidad de Palencia / Ordo Praedicatorum 1194 Réginald de Orléans 48th Université de Paris / Ordo Praedicatorum 1206 Jordanus (Jordan of Saxony) 47th Université de Paris / Ordo Praedicatorum 1220 Albertus Magnus Johannes Pagus 46th Università di Padova / Université de Paris Université de Paris Nilos Kabasilas Th.D. 1245 (Promoted posthumously to Doctor Universalis by Catholic Church in 1931) M.A. 1220 Petrus Ferrandi Hispanus 45th Université de Paris Demetrios Kydones Elissaeus Judaeus "Tractatus" 1347 (Received first premiership from Byzantine Emperor John VI Kantakouzenos in 1347) John Duns Scotus Georgios Plethon Gemistos 44th University of Oxford / Université de Paris 1380 1303 1393 "Nómoi (Book of Laws)" William of Ockham Basilios Bessarion 43rd University of Oxford Manuel Chrysoloras Mystras (Never completed degree; known for Ockham's razor) (Born in Constantinople, left in 1396 to each at Università di Firenze ) 1436 Grégoire de Rimini Johannes Argyropoulos 42nd Université de Paris Guarino da Verona Università di Padova M.A. 1323 1408 Th.D. 1444 Pierre d'Ailly Université de Paris Vittorino da Feltre Marsilio Ficino 41st M.A. 1368 Università di Padova Cristoforo Landino Università di Firenze Collège de Navarre 1416 L'Accademia Neoplatonica M.A. 1462 Th.D. 1381 Paulus Venetus Theodoros Gazes Angelo Poliziano 40th University of Oxford / Università di Padova Constantinople / Università di Mantova Università di Firenze 1395 M.A. 1433 M.A. 1477 Heinrich von Langenstein Leo Outers Sigismondo Polcastro Université de Paris Université Catholique de Louvain Gaetano da Thiene Università di Padova Moses Perez Demetrios Chalcocondyles Scipione Fortiguerra 39th M.A.
    [Show full text]
  • The Book Everybody Read: Vernacular Translations Of
    JHA0010.1177/0021828614567419Journal for the History of AstronomyCrowther et al. 567419research-article2015 Article JHA Journal for the History of Astronomy 2015, Vol. 46(1) 4 –28 The Book Everybody Read: © The Author(s) 2015 Reprints and permissions: Vernacular Translations of sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/0021828614567419 Sacrobosco’s Sphere in the jha.sagepub.com Sixteenth Century Kathleen Crowther University of Oklahoma, Department of the History of Science, USA Ashley Nicole McCray University of Oklahoma, Department of the History of Science, USA Leila McNeill Independent scholar, Texas, USA Amy Rodgers University of Oklahoma, Department of the History of Science, USA Blair Stein University of Oklahoma, Department of the History of Science, USA Abstract This article presents four detailed case studies of sixteenth-century vernacular translations of Sacrobosco’s De sphaera. Previous scholarship has highlighted the important role of Sacrobosco’s Sphere in medieval and early modern universities, where it served as an introductory astronomy text. We argue that the Sphere was more than a university teaching text. It was translated many times and was accessible to a wide range of people. The popularity of the Sphere suggests widespread interest in cosmological questions. We suggest that the text was a profitable one for early modern printers, who strove to identify books that would be reliable sellers. We also argue that the Sphere was not a static text. Rather, translators and editors added commentaries and other supplemental material that corrected and updated Sacrobosco’s original text and Corresponding author: Kathleen Crowther, Department of the History of Science, University of Oklahoma, 601 Elm Avenue, Room 625, Norman, OK 73019, USA.
    [Show full text]
  • Philipp Melanchthon — a Shining Example O. a True
    SCIENTIIC PAPERS O THE UNIVERSITY O PARDUBICE Series C Institute of Languages and Humanities 5 (1999) PHILIPP MELANCHTHON A SHINING EXAMPLE O A TRUE SCHOLAR, EDUCATOR AND PEDAGOGUE AND HIS INLUENCE ON BOHEMIA AND MORAVIA Werner Korthaase Areie Universität Berlin The historicalremoteness from Melanchthonseems enormous. Nobody seems to be aware of his once undisputed importance, least of all those in the world of the academic education of pedagogues, as nearly all the memorial services which were held in honour of his 500th birthday were carried out by theologians or histori- ans of the church. No pedagogues were seen at these memorialcelebrations,al- though the person being remembered did not carry the honorary title Theologus Germaniae but Praeceptor Germaniae, which means the educator of the German nation. This honorary title was not presented to him by any academy or royal uni- versity, but by his gratefulstudents who lovedand worshipped him to the highest degree. This is a wretched state of affairs and throws a poor light on the condition of PedagogicalStudies at the present time, where the highest representatives ig- nore the greatest of their field as if they hat never existed and could not possibly be examples to the younger generation. The important scholar and founder of the verstehende Kulturwissenschaft, Wil- helm Dilthey (1833-1911), already ascertained that Melanchthon could be consid- ered to be the most underrated person of the following generations, although he unfolded an immeasurable effectiveness and was the greatest organizing power in Protestant Germany in the 16th century. He was an incomparable didactical genius (Dilthey, V.
    [Show full text]
  • Philip Melanchthon and the Age of Enlightenment: Notes on His Commemoration in 
    Jnl of Ecclesiastical History, Vol. , No. , July . © The Author(s), . Published by Cambridge University Press. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike licence (http://creative commons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/./), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the same Creative Commons licence is included and the original work is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use. doi:./SX Philip Melanchthon and the Age of Enlightenment: Notes on his Commemoration in by ZACHARY PURVIS University of Göttingen E-mail: [email protected] The academic commemoration of Philip Melanchthon, humanist, reformer and ‘teacher of Germany’ (‘praeceptor Germaniae’), occurred for the first time on a large scale in , the two-hundredth anniversary of his death. This article offers a first exploration of the bicen- tennial. It explores how Melanchthon’s commemorators in central Europe positioned him as a hero of the early German Enlightenment (Aufklärung), singling out and reinterpreting his labours for the ‘improvement of humanity’. Shorn of context, divested of theological and eccle- siastical commitments, Melanchthon became the model scholar and the pride of Lutheran Germany, who transcended confessional particularities to instruct all of Europe. I or Philip Melanchthon, the eighteenth century began with an insult. In – Gottfried Arnold, author of the first self-proclaimed F non-partisan church history, called him ‘crafty’ and ‘cunning’. Few expressions packed as much freight. With world enough and time, one could unpack them to find the Lutheran confessional censure of so-called crypto-Calvinists as ‘crafty sacramentarians’, that is, the ‘most The author thanks the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation for supporting the research for this article, as well as Eric Carlsson and the Editors and reviewers of this JOURNAL for their helpful suggestions.
    [Show full text]
  • Academic Ancestry of Christopher John Nitta Year
    Academic Ancestry of Christopher John Nitta Legend Name Year Institution Institution National Seal Degree Year "Thesis Title" Flag 1190 - - - Domingo (St. Dominic) de Guzmán - Universidad de Palencia / Ordo Praedicatorum 1194 1195 ... 1205 Réginald de Orléans - Université de Paris / Ordo Praedicatorum 1206 - - - 1210 ... Jordanus (Jordan of Saxony) Johannes Pagus 1220 Université de Paris / Ordo Praedicatorum Université de Paris 1220 M.A. 1220 ... Albertus Magnus 1245 Università di Padova / Université de Paris Th.D. 1245 (Promoted posthumously to Doctor Universalis by Catholic Church in 1931) ... 1270 - - - Petrus Ferrandi Hispanus - Université de Paris "Tractatus" 1275 ... 1300 - - John Duns Scotus - University of Oxford / Université de Paris 1303 - 1305 ... 1310 - - William of Ockham - University of Oxford (Never completed degree; known for Ockham's razor) - 1315 ... 1320 - - Grégoire de Rimini - Université de Paris M.A. 1323 - 1325 ... 1345 Nilos Kabasilas - Demetrios Kydones - 1347 (Received first premiership from Byzantine Emperor John VI Kantakouzenos in 1347) - - 1350 ... Heinrich von Langenstein Université de Paris 1375 M.A. 1363 Th.D. 1375 ... 1380 Pierre d'Ailly Université de Paris - M.A. 1368 Collège de Navarre Th.D. 1381 - - - 1385 ... 1390 - Elissaeus Judaeus - Georgios Plethon Gemistos - 1380 1393 "Nómoi (Book of Laws)" - Paulus Venetus 1395 University of Oxford / Università di Padova 1395 ... 1405 Johannes von Gmunden - Universität Wien Manuel Chrysoloras 1406 (Born in Constantinople, left in 1396 to each at Università di Firenze ) - Guarino da Verona - 1408 - 1410 ... 1415 Vittorino da Feltre - Università di Padova 1416 - - - 1420 - - - Sigismondo Polcastro Università di Padova - D.A. 1412 M.D. 1424 Gaetano da Thiene 1425 Università di Padova - Thomas à Kempis - 1427 "De Imitatione Christi" - - 1430 - - Theodoros Gazes - Constantinople / Università di Mantova M.A.
    [Show full text]
  • University of Oklahoma Graduate College The
    UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA GRADUATE COLLEGE THE EXACT SCIENCES IN LUTHERAN GERMANY AND TUDOR ENGLAND A Dissertation SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE FACULTY in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy By KATHERINE ANNE TREDWELL Norman, Oklahoma 2005 UMI Number: 3163319 UMI Microform 3163319 Copyright 2005 by ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest Information and Learning Company 300 North Zeeb Road P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1346 THE EXACT SCIENCES IN LUTHERAN GERMANY AND TUDOR ENGLAND A Dissertation APPROVED FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE BY _____________________________ Peter Barker _____________________________ Steven J. Livesey _____________________________ Marilyn B. Ogilvie _____________________________ Kenneth L. Taylor _____________________________ Laura K. Gibbs _____________________________ James S. Hart © Copyright by KATHERINE ANNE TREDWELL 2005 All Rights Reserved. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First and foremost, I wish to thank my advisor, Peter Barker, who introduced me to the fascinating world of early modern astronomy. This dissertation could not have been completed without his constant encouragement and patient suggestions. I consider it a privilege to have worked with a teacher of his caliber. Special thanks are also due to Steven J. Livesey, who has assisted me in the arcane fields of postclassical Latin and computer software. In the past year, I have learned a great deal from him about biographical and institutional research. Some of it, unfortunately, came too late to be incorporated into this dissertation; I hope to put it to good use in my future work. I am also grateful to the other readers of my dissertation, Laura K.
    [Show full text]
  • Astrology in Antiquity, in the Renaissance, and Today
    Astrology in Antiquity, in the Renaissance, and Today WALTHER LUDWrC* An alleged science, astrology, and an alleged form of magic, cartomancy, have had an upswing almost as tremendous as that of electronic technology in Germany within the last decades. This seems to be the case also in other European countries as well as in the USA and in Asia. I must ask you to evaluate the situation in Australia for yourselves. Esoteric practices like gazing at crystal balls or belief in chiromancy and in talismans also have increasing numbers of followers, who venture into the public arena. According to an opinion poll, more than 50 per cent of Germans believe that there is something in astrology. It has acquired the reputation of being a respectable science of a special kind. Not only illustrated magazines and television channels propagate it seriously as a reliable instrument of foretelling the future. Even some prominent persons confess their adherence to it without hesitation. One reads about politicians in the USA and in Russia who have been counselled by astrologers. And investors at the stock market, managers, and even physicians, are said to rely on their help. The spread of belief in astrology during the twentieth century is an astonishing phenomenon which demands an explanation. This development and its causes deserve more scholarly attention than they have so far received. It seems that the more our world changes, the greater the attraction of mysterious astrological statements becomes. The more complicated and * Walther Ludwig is Emeritus Professor of Classical and Nco-Latin Studies at the University of Hamburg in Germany.
    [Show full text]