Combined remembered Qs 2020 Decembery RQS – NBDE II December: • trismus in which space The hallmark of a masticatory space infection is trismus or infection in anterior compartment of ​ ​ lateral pharyngeal space results in trismus. If these infections are unchecked, can spread to various ​ facial spaces of the head and neck and lead to serious complications such as cervical cellulitis or mediastinitis • propanolol interacts with- LA or epi to cause bradycardia If a patient on a nonselective beta-blocker receives a systemic dose of epinephrine, however, the ​ beta-blocker prevents the vasodilation, leaving unopposed alpha vasoconstriction. The resulting hypertensive reaction can be large, with systolic pressure well over 200 mm Hg. ​ • (I actually surprisingly didn't get a lot of pharmacology on both days which was kind of disappointing because I prepared the most for it) • recent studies cannot prove perio due to- smoking or vit deficit • trephination is? (definition) surgical creation of a fistula by puncturing the soft tissue and bone overlying the root apex to ​ provide drainage of infectious materials. Also called apicostomy. Surgical creation of a drainage tract ​ ​ with a bur or sharp instrument in the soft tissue or bone overlying a tooth root apex. • osteotomy/tectomy (definition) • alveoloplasty performed immediate or after extractions ● xylitol best form? gum/spray/patch Xylitol is widely used as a sugar substitute and in "sugar-free" chewing gums, mints, ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ and other candies. ​ ​ • calculations sensitvity specify 2 qs Combined remembered Qs 2020 • Specificity calculator to evaluate the chances of a person being affected with diseases, calculated based on the present health conditions. Negative cases are classified as true negatives (healthy people correctly identified as healthy) whereas false negative (sick people incorrectly identified as healthy). Specificity = True Negative / (False Positive + True Negative) x 100 ​ Sensitivity (true positive rate or probability of detection) is a statistical method that correctly ​ identifies a person with a disease. Sensitivity = True Positive / (True Positive + False Negative) x 100 ​ • ohl which papilla interdental papilla ​ ​ • cementoblastoma pic • calcified carotid? xray pic Combined remembered Qs 2020 • boggy gingiva diffuse ewings or leukemia young pt pic. pt had bright red spongy gums leukemia • best anti seizure in kids? diazepam post trauma seizure • which prep first in class 3? which filled first?prep large cavity first ,fill the small cavity ​ first. • pic with 4 dots over gums of centrals I put sinus • aggressive perio bacteria action LAP is localised to first molar or incisor interproximal attachment loss, whereas GAP is the interproximal attachment loss affecting at least three permanent teeth other than incisors and first molar. 65-75% of bacteria are Gram-negative bacilli ​ rapid loss of periodontal attachment associated with Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Capnocytophaga spp and Porphyromonas gingivalis The inflammatory exudate in the gingival tissues and gingival crevicular fluid is mostly polymorph neutrophils but also includes B cells and plasma cells. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ The plasma cells produce specific antibodies in response to the periodontal pathogens, IgG ​ increased amounts IL-1α and IL-1β which cause osteoclastic bone resorption ​ ​ ​ ​ The main distinction between the localized and generalized form of AgP lies in the number of teeth affected. GAP brings about attachment loss involving more than 30% of sites on teeth;[1] effectively ​ ​ being at least three permanent teeth other than the first molars or incisors.[16] ​ • best way to differentiate lesions cyst granuloma- biopsy/histollogical evaluation • incisional bipsy excisional biopsy measurements. questions were like, best to use which for diagnosis Incisional biopsy is often used in lesions larger than 1 cm in size, as opposed to excisional biopsy, which is often used in lesions less than 1 cm. • first pass metabolism absorbed in intestine or enterohepatic circulation ​ ​ First pass effect: After a drug is swallowed, it is absorbed by the digestive system and enters the portal ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ circulation. The absorbed drug is carried through the portal vein into the liver. The liver is responsible for ​ ​ ​ metabolizing many drugs. ​ Combined remembered Qs 2020 • day 2 • asa classifications. I had probably 3 questions on this current ASA I Normal healthy patient non smoking, no or minimal alcohol use ASA II mild systemic disease smoker, social alcohol drinker, pregnancy, obesity, (30<BMI<40), well controlled DM/HTN, mild lung disease ASA III severe systemic disease one or more moderate to severe diseases. poorly controlled DM or HTN, COPD, morbid obesity (BMI>40), active hepatitis, alcohol dependence or abuse, implanted pacemaker, history of MI (> 3 mos), TIA, CVA ASA IV severe systemic disease that is recent MI (< 3 mos), CVA, TIA, or CAD/stent, ongoing constant threat to life cardiac ischemia or severe valve dysfunction, severe reduction of ejection fraction, sepsis, DIC, ARD or ESRD not undergoing regularly scheduled dialysis • qs about teeth not even in arch so always check ALLLL the pics and don't get confused. • worst perio prognosis? furcation/mobility/7mm pocket ​ ​ • levothyroxine moa? Levothyroxine is a synthetic form of thyroxine (T4), an endogenous hormone secreted by the thyroid gland, which is converted to its active metabolite, L-triiodothyronine (T3). T4 and T3 bind to thyroid receptor proteins in the cell nucleus and caubse metabolic effects through the control of DNA transcription and protein synthesis. Combined remembered Qs 2020 December 6&7 RQ’s: 1. Best cement for temporary crowns- -Polycarboxylate temporary luting cements present low postoperative sensitivity, adequate retention, and ​ ​ easy cleanup. Examples of this category are: Cling2 (CLINICIAN'S CHOICE) and Hy-Bond (Shofu Dental). ​ ​ -ZOE temporary luting cements are commonly used because of their sedative effect on sensitive teeth. It is well ​ ​ documented that eugenol is able to penetrate and diffuse throughout the dentin and can affect the bond strengths provided by resin materials used for definitive restorations. It presents an excellent antibacterial effect. -ZONE temporary luting cements are designed to replace eugenol with various types of carboxylic acids that do ​ ​ not interfere with definitive cementation. They have the characteristics of being compatible with resin provisional materials, are compatible with permanent resin cements, and show greater retention compared to ZOE cements but have no sedative effect on the pulp. -Resin temporary luting cements present high strength, excellent retention, better aesthetics, and easy cleanup. However, these temporary cements have a higher incidence of microleakage, discoloration, and odor associated with their use. 2. Pt came with diastema between two centrals and one of the central is rotated initial treatment for this patient for correcting his diastema (derotating his centrals) 3. 3 questions on efficacy and potency by asking which one of the above drug is showing more efficacy (I remembered efficacy as taller,potency as faster onset) Combined remembered Qs 2020 4. Pt with neuromas on his skin,half tongue swollen which disease- Neurofibromatosis ​ 5. Pt with micrognathia,glossoptosis,cleft palates-Pierre Robinson syndrome ​ Combined remembered Qs 2020 6. Embrassure rest,I bar used on which side- mesial ​ 7. GIC does show fluoride release and one more advantage of GIC is - ionic bond with dentin ​ and enamel Combined remembered Qs 2020 8. East-west cryers elevator used for which tooth- mandibular molar roots Cryers: #27 Left, #28 Right 9. Thick viscous material to fluid this is know as- Thixotropic ( periodontal ligament has it ) ​ ​ ​ 10. Width of attached Gingiva- options are tricky like mucogingival groove to vestibular Phoenix,free mucosa to alveolar mucosa The width of the attached gingiva is defined as the distance between the mucogingival junction and the projection on the external surface of the bottom of the gingival sulcus or periodontal pocket 11. To decrease penumbra- decrease object film distance Combined remembered Qs 2020 The size of this penumbra can be reduced by using a smaller object film distance (OFD), a greater ​ ​ ​ ​ focal film distance (FFD) and a smaller focal spot size. The larger the focal spot, the larger the size of the penumbra and the lower the image resolution. With a smaller focal spot size, a smaller OFD and a ​ ​ larger FFD the image is magnified to a lesser extent and the resultant image is of greater accuracy. 12. Two implant distance-3mm ​ 13. Implant to tooth distance-1.5mm ​ 14. Bioharzard waste regulation by- EPA ​ 15. Abused child: local authorities o social services Child Protective Services: social servce stafif obtains facts from the person making the referral 16. Old person abuse-no DHHS ( doctor in human health services) Adult Protective Services (APS) agency 17. Antibiotic prophylaxis needed for- Artificial Aortic valve pt 18. Antibiotic for penicillin allergy pt- Axzzithromycin 500mg ​ Combined remembered Qs 2020 20. Post operative sensitivity after perio surgery decreased by doing-plaque control 21. Percentage of fluoridation water in USA- 74% ​ 22. Mucous retention cyst of lower lip minor salivary gland due to- trauma ​ 23. Hyperplastic tuberosity removed by which method- wedging technique ( distal wedge) 24. Tricyclic antidepressants mainly act on which receptor for depression- serotonin receptor