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Fysikkens Historiske Steder I København

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Fysikkens Historiske Steder I København En guide til fysikkens historiske steder i København A guide to historical sites of physics in Copenhagen Fysik Tur Physics Tour 2 17 7 3 15 16 1 4 14 5 6 8 9 12 10 11 13 Kort fra Danmarks Miljøportal Danmarks fra Kort NIELS BOHR Niels Bohr (1885-1862), berømt dansk fysiker, som fik nobel- prisen for sin atommodel og gjorde revolutionerende opdagel- ser inden for kvantemekanikken. Niels Bohr (1885-1862) was a famous Danish physicist who re- ceived the Nobel Prize for his atomic model and made revolution- ary discoveries in quantum mechanics. HANS CHRISTIAN ØRSTED Den danske fysiker Hans Christian Ørsted (1777-1851) opdage- de i 1820 elektromagnetismen. The Danish physicist Hans Christian Ørsted (1777-1851) discov- ered electromagnetism in 1820. OLE RØMER Ole Rømer (1644-1710) var en dansk astronom, der især hu- skes for sin opdagelse af lysets endelige hastighed. Ole Rømer (1644-1710) was a Danish astronomer who is especial- ly remembered for his discovery of light’s finite speed. NIELS STENSEN Niels Stensen (1638-1686) var en dansk anatom og videnskabs- mand som grundlagde palæontologien og geologien og gjorde vigtige opdagelser inden for anatomien. Niels Stensen (1638-1686) was a Danish anatomist and scientist who founded palaeontology and geology and made important discoveries in the field of anatomy. TYCHO BRAHE Tycho Brahe (1546-1601), dansk astronom. Så 11. nov. 1572 en ny stjerne, Stella Nova. Grundlægger af den moderne obser- verende astronomi. Tycho Brahe (1546-1601), Danish astronomer. On 11th November 1572 he saw a new star, Stella Nova. Founder of modern obser- vational astronomy. NIELS BOHRS BARNDOMSHJEM NIELS BOHR INSTITUTET NIELS BOHR’S CHILDHOOD HOME NIELS BOHR INSTITUTE BREDGADE 62 BLEGDAMSVEJ 17 1 1260 KØBENHAVN K 2100 KØBENHAVN Ø 2 Niels Bohr’s father and mother, Christian The Niels Bohr Institute at Blegdamsvej 17 Bohr and Ellen Adler Bohr, moved with was created for Niels Bohr and inaugurat- I 1886 flyttede Niels Bohrs far og mor, their two oldest children, Jenny and Niels Niels Bohr Institutet på Blegdamsvej 17 ed in 1921 as the Institute for Theoretical Christian Bohr og Ellen Adler Bohr, med into Bredgade 62 in 1886, when Christian blev oprettet til Niels Bohr og indviet i Physics at the University of Copenhagen, ansatderes somto ældste lektor børn, på Fysiologisk Jenny og Niels Institut ind Bohr was appointed Associate Professor han1921 var som blevet Institut udnævnt for Teoretisk til professor. Fysik på five years after Niels Bohr was appointed vedi Bredgade Københavns 62, da Universitet. Christian BohrHuset blev på in the Department of Physiology at the Københavns Universitet - fem år efter, at professor. - University of Copenhagen. The house on atomets opbygning i tre artikler i 1913. Niels Bohr published his theory of the Bredgade 62 was Niels Bohr’s childhood Niels Bohr publicerede sin teori om structure of the atom in three articles in sinBredgade doktorgrad 62 var iNiels 1911. Bohrs Som barndoms barn gik home and he lived here until he received 1913. Niels Bohr’s pioneering atomic mod- hjem, og han boede her, til han modtog his doctorate in 1911. As a child, Niels sidenNiels Bohrsudgjort banebrydende grundlaget for atommodel vores for- el broke radically with classical physics and Bohr attended Gammelholm Grammar ståelsebrød radikalt af atomerne med klassisk og for fysik,den kvante og har- has since formed the basis for our under- NielsI en Bohrbygning på bagGammelholm hjemmet låSkole, Christian som School, which was a few streets away from - standing of atoms and for the quantum lå nogle gader fra Bredgade 62. Bredgade 62. revolution. All information technology has Christian Bohr’s physiology laboratory mekaniske revolution. Al informations also grown out of Bohr’s discovery in 1913. Bohrs fysiologilaboratorium, og som- was located in a building behind the fam- teknologi er således vokset ud af Bohrs In 1922, Niels Bohr received the Nobel testuderende arbejde lykkedes undersøgte det Nielsham iBohr 1907 her at ily home. Niels Bohr used this laboratory opdagelseHans arbejde i 1913. med I kernefysik1922 modtog i 30’erne Niels Prize in Physics for his work. opnåvæskers en guldmedaljeoverfladespænding. for en prisopgave Efter det as a student when he studied the surface varBohr indirekte Nobelprisen forudsætningen i fysik for sit for arbejde. atom- His work with nuclear physics in the 30s udskrevet af Det Kongelige Danske Vi- tension of liquids for a prize essay issued was the indirect prerequisite for the atomic by the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences bomb and Bohr was – like everyone else – and Letters. For this work he achieved a bomben, og Bohr var - som alle andre shocked to see what his work evolved into denskabelige Akademi. Denne opgave gold medal. arbejdederystet over han at utrætteligtse, hvad hans på atarbejde skabe and he worked tirelessly to create an open 1909blev til i Philosophical Niels Bohrs Transactionsførste publicerede of the This essay became Niels Bohr’s first pub- enudviklede åben dialog sig til, mellem og til allesin verdensdød i 1962 na- dialogue between all nations of the world Royalartikel, Society som blevof London udgivet på engelsk i lished article, which was published in Eng- tioner. until his death in 1962. - lish in 1909 in Philosophical Transactions of The institute has played an important role rimentelle arbejde. Artiklen er den the Royal Society of London. The article is en bemærkelsesværdig rolle i internati- in international research since the 1920s eneste, der beskriver Bohrs eget ekspe the only one to describe Bohr’s own exper- onalInstituttet forskning har og siden været 1920’erne uformelt mødespillet- and has been an informal meeting place - imental work. sted for elitefysikere fra hele verden. for elite physicists from around the world. Huset på Bredgade 62 blev bygget -i The house on Bredgade 62 was built in In 1965, on the occasion of the 80th an- 1785 til Det KongeligeMedicinsk Kirurgiske Musei Aka- 1785 for the Royal Danish Academy of niversary of Niels Bohr’s birth, the institute ondemi,. og i 1948 blev det til medicinhi Surgery and in 1948 it became a museum I anledning af 80 årsdagen for Niels- was named after him. The Niels Bohr In- storisk museum, i dag of medical history, known today as the Bohrs fødsel fik instituttet i 1965 navn stitute is still an international centre for Medical Museion. medefter overham. 1000Niels ansatteBohr Institutet og studerende er sta physics with over 1000 employees and stu- spænderdig et internationalt undervisning center og for forskning fysik, og dents with teaching and research ranging - across particle physics, quantum physics, nanophysics, geophysics, biophysics and over partikelfysik, kvantefysik, nanofy astrophysics. sik, geofysik, biofysik og astrofysik. GEOLOGISK MUSEUM RUNDETÅRN GEOLOGICAL MUSEUM THE ROUND TOWER ØSTER VOLDGADE 5-7 KØBMAGERGADE 52A 3 1350 KØBENHAVN K 1150 KØBENHAVN K 4 Det nuværende geologiske museum The current Geological Museum was The Round Tower was built in the years blev åbnet i 1893 og blev kaldt det mi- opened in 1893 and was originally called - 1637 to 1642 and is the oldest function- neralogiske museum. Samlingerne på the Mineralogical Museum. The collections rendeRundetårn observatorium. er bygget iDet årene blev 1637 bygget til ing observatory in Europe. It was commis- - of the Geological Museum have a long and 1642 og huser Europas ældste funge- sioned by Christian IV and the architect is skiftelig historie bag sig. Den ældste chequered history. The oldest object in the believed to have been Hans Van Steen- Geologisk Museum har en lang og om building is a 218 kg piece of wire silver yngreaf Christian eller måske IV, og arkitektenkongen selv. bag Observa formo- winckel the younger or perhaps the King from Norway, which was found in 1666. torietdes at skullevære Hans blandt Van andet Steenwinckel bruges til den at himself. The observatory was supposed blevudstillingsgenstand fundet i 1666. i Denhuset stammer er et 218fra It originates from King Frederik III’s cab- iagttage og opdage kometer og til alma- to observe and discover comets and was kg tungt stykke trådsølv fra Norge, som inet of curiosities, which was one of the responsible for publishing almanacs. The var et af de første ’naturaliekabinetter’ first ‘natural history cabinets’ in Denmark. - Round Tower was the centre of Danish as- Kong Frederik IIIs kunstkammer,raritets somka- Natural history or curio cabinets were col- mi.nakudgivelse, Desuden håbede og Rundetårn man via varobservati i mere- tronomy for more than 200 years. In addi- binetter var samlinger af forunderlige lections of strange and rare natural history onerend 200 af stjernehimlen år centrum for at kunnedansk forbedreastrono tion, it was hoped that observations of the i Danmark. Naturalie- eller objects that were collected by princes and landets søfartsnavigation. Den første le- night sky would help improve the country’s som blev oprettet hos fyrster og frem- prominent citizens during the Renaissance maritime navigation. The first director of og sjældne naturhistoriske genstande, and were precursors for modern museums. - the observatory was Tycho Brahe’s pupil, slags forløbere for vore dages museer. The University of Copenhagen first ac- der af observatoriet blev Tycho Brahes- the then 80-year-old Christen Sørensen trædende borgere i renæssancen og en quired its own natural history collection, montanuselev, den på havde det tidspunkt forinden 80-årige foreslået Chri at Longomontanus. Longomontanus had Universi- The New Natural Theatre of the Universi- byggesten Sørensen et observatorium Longomontanus. på Valby Longo bakke previously proposed to build an observa- tetetsKøbenhavns Nye Naturaltheater Universitet fik først sin ty, in 1772. The collection has since been tory in Valby to avoid the city lights and blevegen samlingen naturhistoriske udvidet samling, og skiftede navn expanded and changed its name and ad- blev det af forskellige årsager besluttet smoke. , i 1772. Siden dress several times. The geological part of for at undgå byens lys og røg.
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