IN THE

AMERICAN REVOLUTION

A Bibliography of Historical Fiction

ORAL S. COAD NEW JERSEY IN THE New Brunswick Historical Club care of Special Collections Department :41exander Library, Rutgers University New Brunswick, N. 1. 08903 New Jersey in the

AMERICAN REVOLUTION

A Bibliography of Historical Fiction, from 1784

BY

ORAL S. COAD

Second Edition

SLIGHTLY REVISED AND EXTENDED TO 1975

Edited by Donald A. Sinclair

Published for the Bicentennial by the

NEW BRUNSWICK HISTORICAL CLUB

New Brunswick, N. J., 198o Printed in Letterpress by

JKG PRINTING, INC. Edison, N. J.

1980 About the Compiler

DR. COAD'S DEATH, on August 26, 1976, several months after he had turned over to the editor his completed manuscript, makes this a posthumous work. While it is regrettable that he cannot enjoy the publication in its finished form, this revised edition of his New Jersey in the Revolution serves as a kind of capstone for a distinguished scholarly career. Oral Sumner Coad was born in Iowa on December 27, 1887, grad- uated from Knox College (19o9) and received his M.A. and Ph.D. degrees from Columbia University, in 1911 and 1917 respectively. After teaching for twelve years at Ohio Wesleyan University and Columbia, in 1923 he joined the English faculty of the New Jersey College for Women, now Douglass College of Rutgers University. He continued there until his retirement in 1958, an exemplary teacher and (from 1927) head of the English Department. He was the author of William Dunlap: a Study of His Life and Works and of His Place in Contemporary Culture (1917, reprinted 1962) and a number of journal articles. With Edwin Mims he co- authored The American Stage (1929), part of the Yale University Press "Pageant of America" series. Over a period of time the Rutgers University Library Journal published a number of Dr. Coad's articles, among them the following: "Whitman vs. Parton" (194o) ; "The First Century of the New Brunswick Stage" ( 1941-43) ; "James McHenry: a Minor American Poet" (11945); "A Pleasant Land to See" (1962-63) ; "The Masonic Hall Opera House [New Brunswick]" (1965) ; "Songs America Used to Sing" (1968) ; "Some Traveler's-Eye Views of the Jerseyman." Retirement frequently marks the end of a productive career. For Oral Coad, at the age of seventy, it was another beginning. He turned to new research, largely on New Jersey historical topics, from which developed a succession of articles and two separate publications: New Jersey in the Revolution (1964) and New Jersey in Travelers' Ac- counts ... a Descriptive Bibliography (1972)• Several of his articles appeared in Proceedings of the New Jersey Historical Society, now called Nqv Jersey History: "The Barnegat Pirates in Fact and Fiction" (1963) ; "Pine Barrens and Robber Barons" (1964) ; "William Dunlap: New Jersey Artist" (1965) ; and "Jersey Gothic" (1966) . Oral Coad had many personal virtues which—in deference to one of them, namely modesty—we have no intention of itemizing. More acceptable to him perhaps would be the spirit in which this publica- tion is offered by the New Brunswick Historical Club—as a tribute to a worthy friend.

[6] Introduction to the 1964 Edition

JUST WHY so little first-rate fiction should have been written about the Revolutionary War is not easy to explain. Color and adventure, drama and vital significance were certainly there in abundance, but major authors have been less inspired by the war for establishing the Union than by the war for preserving it. And on any level of achieve- ment the fiction of the Civil War is probably more voluminous than that of the Revolution. This generalization does not apply, however, to the state of New Jersey. As a literary theme the War for Independence is far more con- spicuous than any other phase of Jersey's history for the obvious reason that the immediacy and intensity of that long cycle of events were brought home to the people of the state with a menacing force never experienced before or after. In some sense this was "our" war, not only because certain crucial battles—turning points of the struggle —were fought here, but because violent strife, public and private, erupted in one section or other of the state from the beginning to the end of the conflict. It has been said that "nearly ioo battles, large and small, were staged on New Jersey soil," and in addition numberless were the bitter neighborhood feuds and outbursts of destruction that punctuated the seven years of hostility. New Jersey has rightly been called "the Cockpit of the Revolution." It is all the more regrettable, therefore, that so few books of con- spicuous literary value have commemorated these stirring times, but, as already indicated, New Jersey does not differ markedly from the rest of the thirteen original colonies in that respect. A merit that does become apparent as one considers the bibliography here offered is the thoroughness with which the authors, taken collectively, have covered the ground. To no one's surprise, the most famous occurrences—the Crossing of the Delaware, the , and the —reappear again and again. In fact it seems that no author omits these three immortal New Jersey events if he can possibly find

*Floyd W. Parsons, ed., New jersey: Life, Industries and Resources of a Great State (Newark, 1928), p. 9. 171 an excuse for squeezing them in. But it is gratifying to discover that a large array of minor episodes in almost every portion. of the state, which most textbooks of American history find no room for, are also incorporated. To cite a few examples: the depredations of New York Cowboys in North Jersey, the aggression of Dutch Tories in the Hack- ensack Valley, the Battle of Teaneck Ridge, the smuggling of goods by unpatriotic Jerseymen to the Tories on Staten Island, Washing- ton's holding operation in the Watchung Mountains, the ruthless ac- tivities of the Pine Robbers, the flocking of outlaws to "Refugee- Town" on Sandy Hook, the mutiny of the , the British attack on Tams River and the salt works, the tea-burning at Greenwich, the raid at Chestnut Neck, the cattle raids in. South Jer- sey, the Battle of the Kegs on the Delaware, the frequently hostile treatment of the patriot army by the civilians—these and many other often disregarded aspects of the war give this body of literature a cer- tain appeal and value. Equally inclusive is the roster of historical figures the writers as- semble, from gentle Tempe Wick to fighting Molly Pitcher, from swashbuckling Adam Huyler to tragic Joshua Huddy, from "Bloody John" Bacon to genial , from inexplicable to incomparable . Inevitably it is Washington who dominates this body of fiction, and of course he is presented in a variety of lights. Usually he is a noble, aloof, almost supernatural presence hovering over the scene, a presence so godlike that some authors cannot make free to call him by his name; to them he is never anything less remote than "the General." Other novelists show him beset on occasion by an indecision that arouses the troops to restless- ness and impatient questioning. Gratifyingly often an attempt is made to humanize him, but nearly always he is depicted as a high-minded, generous-hearted man who towers over other men by his sheer moral greatness. As for the common soldier of the state, he is by no means always glorified. At times, to be sure, he is impossibly brave and gallant, al- most akin to the Three Musketeers; but in other delineations he is dirty, crude, immoral, even cowardly. At first more a mob than an

[81 army, the troops are seen to respond to discipline until they become an effective fighting force. In fact one of the more realistic portrayers of the makes the welcome assertion that the sturdy core of a few thousand regulars who clung to Washington in his worst times consisted almost entirely of Pennsylvania and Jersey men. The composite picture conjured up by the reading of multiplied dozens of novels touching on the Revolution in New Jersey—and veri- fied by the historical record—is of an amateurish, almost impromptu war marked by terrible inadequacy of equipment, military training, and psychological preparation. It was a confused war of seemingly aimless advances and retreats, of frightful suffering and long days of despair, a war in which the patriot cause for years teetered on a razor's edge, but in which that cause ultimately triumphed for the reason that the human spirit at its best is unbreakable—and that spirit was in Washington and Mercer and Knox and Lafayette and thousands of common soldiers, many of whom claimed New Jersey as their home. Within the moderate literary dimensions our authors represent, the books on the ensuing list vary markedly in quality. Many of them were written for juvenile readers on the defensible theory that his- torical knowledge and patriotism can best be instilled in the young by the medium of the adventure story. In some instances the adventure plot is mainly a scant framework on which to drape history; in others the historical events are a shadowy setting whose chief function is to motivate a full tale of fictitious derring-do. But in nearly all cases the teen-age characters, male or female, tend to follow a stereotyped pat- tern of immeasurable patriotism and resourcefulness (often vitally helpful to Washington), and in their bright lexicons there is no such word as fear. Commonplace though most of this teen-age fiction is, some of the writers have the virtue of combining information with readableness. Not the least of these is Everett T. Tomlinson, author of an amazing number of boys' novels based on American history. The Boys of Old Monmouth and In the Hands of the Redcoats illustrate as well as any,

*Hoa+ard Fast, Citizen Tom Paine, p. 193.

[9a perhaps, his care for historical accuracy and his respect for his young readers, to whom he refuses to condescend. Another prolific writer, Edward S. Ellis, is favorably represented on our list by Patriot and Tory, a spirited piece of story-telling. Among fairly recent examples Kensil Bell's Jersey Rebel achieves both authenticity and liveliness, and Lorna Beers in The Crystal Cornerstone is always vivid and some- times even moving. The works of adult fiction range from the feeble to the distinctly competent. Near the latter category should be placed a navel, now hard to come by, that has received less attention than it deserves— Kate Ayles f ord by Charles J. Peterson. Though a highly improbable romance, it is marked by vigorous description and sustained narrative interest. The adventure element is as exciting as that of a typical novel by William Gilmore Simms, and the prose is more readable. Paul Leicester Ford's Janice Meredith, a better known romance than Peter- son's, provides a sharp picture of many aspects of the Revolution in New Jersey, with less idealizing than one would expect. Charles Flood in Monmouth has written an engaging wartime love-story that ends with a series of rapidly shifting vignettes which stirringly convey the kaleidoscopic drama of battle. In the final chapters of Conceived in Liberty Howard Fast creates an unforgettable sense of the mad con- fusion, the terror, the agony, and the heroism of the Monmouth con- flict; and in all of his Revolutionary novels he combines a realistic ap- proach with a sympathetic attitude, particularly toward the enlisted men, thereby making the war more nearly a part of one's own experi- ence than do most writers. A similar response is called out by Charles Mercer's Enough Good Men. Here the Revolution comes alive by the human imperfections of the soldiers who are fighting it, imperfections that enough good men by their tough wills transcended to achieve the seemingly impossible on the desperate battlefields of Trenton and Monmouth. Among the listed books are a few representatives of the so-called revisionist school,* whose purpose is to deflate the familiar image of

"See Helen E. Haines, What's in a Novel (New York, 1942), p. 121.

[10] the Revolutionary patriots. Something of this element is naturally to be found in the work of the English writers, G. A. Henty and Robert Graves, but the most ruthless iconoclasm comes from Kenneth Rob- erts, American author of Oliver Wiswell. Yet these novelists, for what- ever reason, belittle New Jersey's record only in passing and devote themselves mainly to other theatres of war. In several other instances, some of them already noted, an honest attempt at realism, not prop- erly to be called debunking, is made. This approach one welcomes as a relief from the dominant tendency to idealize. But by and large the following items certify that a substantial number of fiction writers, both inside and outside of the state, have felt impelled to demonstrate to the reading public the vital part New Jersey has played in the mak- ing of the American nation. One point which seems to emerge from the bibliography is that the production of books concerned with our theme was very meagre during the first hundred years after the beginning of the Revolution, and that the fourth quarter of the nineteenth century saw a sudden efflorescence of such literature, which has continued to the present time. Various explanations might be offered, such as the steady growth of a reading public in the United States. Perhaps the centennial cele- brations of 1876 and, even more, the War with Spain and the two World Wars gave Americans a national awareness and pride that have directed increasing attention to our historical origins. At any rate this catalogue appears to show that the last twenty-five years have contrib- uted more fiction dealing with the War for Independence in general and with New Jersey's involvement in particular than has any preced- ing quarter century. In this tercentenary year one looks toward sub- sequent developments with interest and hope. The list submitted herewith for the use of the general reader con- tains both novels and short stories. In many instances the entries deal wholly or largely with New Jersey, but numerous works have been admitted in which that state has only a minor role or, on occasion, in which New Jersey soldiers are not fighting in their home state at all. Yet all these compositions are included for the reason that their al- lusions, even if brief, bear testimony through historical fiction to New

[II] Jersey's dramatic participation in the Revolutionary War. In compiling this catalogue I have used mainly the Rutgers Uni- versity Library, the Library of Congress (by inter-library loan through the courtesy of the Reference Department of the Rutgers University Library), the New Brunswick Free Public Library, the New York Public Library, and the Princeton University Library. Other libraries have also been consulted. The majority of the books, or at least a representative selection, should be found in any sizable public library in the state. The date after each title is that of its first appearance. Many of the books have been reissued, some of them more than once, but I have made no effort to record the various editions. Any available edi- tion should serve the purposes of the average reader. I am fully aware that the bibliography can lay no claim to com- pleteness. A very few titles have come to my attention which are pretty clearly relevant to the subject but of which I have been unable to locate copies. These,, of course, have been omitted from the list. But there must be a good many obscure novels and stories—and some ,ob- vious ones—that I have overlooked, and information concerning them would be most welcome. A Note on the Second Edition

An unexpected offer to reissue the bibliography as a Bicentennial item has provided an opportunity to add titles that have appeared since the first issue and also those pre-dating 1965 that I have come upon subse- quently. In preparing this edition I have consulted numerous novels and short stories, in thirty-five of which I found references to New Jersey's part in the war of sufficient weight to justify, as it seemed to me, their inclusion "here, and they are distributed through the list in their proper alphabetical places. It is a pleasure to thank the New Brunswick Historical Club for its good offices and to acknowledge the support of Mr. Donald A. Sinclair of the Alexander Library, Rutgers University, who did much toward making this bibliography possible in both editions.

[I21 Bibliography

ALTSHELER, JOSEPH ALEXANDER. In Hostile Red: A Romance of the Monmouth Campaign. New York: Doubleday, Page & Co., 1897. 34oP- 1 Centers on two brave and dashing American soldiers who impersonate British officers. Largely confined to Pennsylvania, but the final pages depict the Battle of Monmouth, especially from the point of view of the common soldier. General Lee characterized as a traitor.

ATHERTON, GERTRUDE. The Conqueror: Being the True and Romantic Story of . New York and London: Macmillan Co., 1902. 546p. 2 A fictionalized biography which incorporates such details of the Revolution in New Jersey as Hamilton's part in the retreat across the state, the Crossing of the Delaware, the battles of Trenton and Princeton, his residence at Washington's headquarters at Morristown, and his participation in the Battle of Monmouth. Lee and Lafayette much in evidence here. Washington denounces Lee at Mon- mouth with profanity that is "Washingtonian in its grandeur."

BACHELLER, IRVING. In the Days of Poor Richard. Indianapolis: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, 1922. 414P. 3 Covers the period from 1768 to 1787. Features Franklin and other major fig- ures, with scenes in America, England, and France, and with an incidental love story. At the outset of the war two of the characters, under Franklin's instruc- tions, cross the Pine Barrens with eight horses and two wagons loaded with gunpowder. They are held up by a band of Tory refugees and deprived of all their money. The American army reported to have captured 1,000 of the enemy at Trenton and 300 at Princeton and to have "reclaimed New Jersey" by these victories. At Morristown in 1777 Washington outwits the British, convincing them that his 3,000 troops there actually number 12,000; so the little army is safe for the winter.

. The Master of Chaos. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill Company, 1931. 326p. 4 The fictional hero a young and valiant Bostonian. Washington, the historical hero, masters chaos in numerous situations, including the battles of Trenton and Princeton (Chapter 12). After the latter he persuades many whose term of enlistment has expired to continue in the army. The people of New Jersey at high pitch of indignation against the enemy over outrages.

1131 15-91 New Jersey in the BARKER, SHIRLEY. Fire and the Hammer: A Tale of Love and Violence. New York: Crown Publishers, 1953. 339P- 5 The action, largely in Bucks County, dominated by the Doans, an actual gang of Quaker brigands (Cowboys), who make raids in New Jersey as well as Pennsylvania. The Crossing of the Delaware and the Battle of Trenton re- counted quite fully and graphically as experienced by two characters of the novel. The famous unread note to the Hessian Colonel Rall is here sent by a Doan. The Doans represented as responsible for the burning of Connecticut Farms, and one of them murders the Reverend James Caldwell's wife.

BARNES, JAMES. For King or Country: A Story of the American Revolution. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1896. 269p. 6 Centers on two mine-owning families in North Jersey, one patriot, the other Tory (loyalist). The patriot family manufactures cannon and ammunition and the great chain used by the Americans to block the Hudson. The two boy heroes have a part in the Crossing of the Delaware and the . A friendly Indian somewhat prominent. BEERS, LORNA DOONE. The Crystal Cornerstone. New York: Harper, 1953. 218p. 7 Time: 1776. A Pennsylvania boy starts for Princeton College but, wanting to be a hero, joins the Continental Army at Fort Lee. Here he finds a prevailing attitude of hopelessness except for the influence of Tom Paine, who is one of the officers. Story ends with the Crossing of the Delaware, quite vividly re- counted, and the Battles of Trenton and Princeton. Washington's moral great- ness emphasized. BELL, KENSIL. Danger on the . New York: Dodd, Mead, 1959- 243P- 8 Emphasis on skirmishes, night attacks, and cattle raids in South Jersey. Ends with Clinton's march across the state and the Battle of Monmouth, in which Washington's heroism is highlighted. Several conjectural explanations of Lee's conduct offered. Jersey Rebel. New York: Dodd, Mead, 1951. 248p. 9 Most of the material "drawn directly from historical facts." Time: 1777. The scene largely in Gloucester County near Little Timber Creek, and much of the historical action deals with naval engagements on the Delaware, conspicuously involving . Here the Hessians meet a bloody defeat, in which their leader, Count von Donop, is mortally wounded. Lafayette figures briefly but bravely. The tea-burning at Greenwich reported. The hero, a farm boy, serves [141 American Revolution [ 10-13 as guide, spy, and general handyman for the patriot forces. Is in frequent danger from a gang of Pine Robbers.

Secret Mission for . New York: Dodd, Mead, 1955.246p. 10 Adventures of the boy hero of jersey Rebel as he guides a raiding party sent to South Jersey to round up beef cattle for starving soldiers at Valley Forge. Based on actual correspondence of Washington and other officers. "Mad An- thony" Wayne is leader of the expedition. General Pulaski plays a minor part. The British also raid Salem County and remove animals, bacon, hay, etc. Wayne outwits the British and gets the cattle across the Delaware and into the Valley Forge encampment. A Tory is chief villain.

BETZ, EVA (KELLY). Desperate Drums. Paterson: St. Anthony Guild Press, 1951. 213P. 11 The third book in a series of four centering on two patriotic youths from the Greenwich neighborhood. In this story they take part in the Crossing of the Delaware and the battles of Trenton and Princeton, all briefly treated. Minor military affairs in North Jersey also touched on. A Greenwich girl carries money for the cause to and helps thwart smuggling of supplies by the British.

. Freedom Drums. New York: Abelard Press, 1950. 172P. 12 The second novel in the Greenwich tetralogy. Time: the beginning of the war. Among New Jersey events included are: the varied reception of the Dec- laration of Independence at Bridgeton, the molding of bullets from their pew- terware by South Jersey women, conflicts between patriots and Tories in the Newark area, military action at Paulus Hook (now Jersey City). A peddler serves as a kind of spy for the rebels.

Victory Drums. Paterson: St. Anthony Guild Press, 1955- 235P• 13 Last of the Greenwich tetralogy. Carries forward the careers of the young heroes to Yorktown. Its main New Jersey episodes: the massacre by British at Hancocks Bridge, the Battle of Monmouth, the winter of 1779-80 at Morristown, the court martial of prior to his treason, the murder of Mrs. James Caldwell at Connecticut Farms, the . All four of the novels offer a somewhat detailed historical account strung on a slender thread of story.

(15] New Jersey in the [ 14_18 ] . Young Eagles. New York: Declan X. McMullen Company,

1947. 19oP- 14 The first of the four Greenwich stories. Begins in 1774. The young heroes outwit smugglers of supplies local patriots refuse to sell to His Majesty's rep- resentatives. Burning of British tea by Greenwich rebels disguised as Indians a prominent episode. Cleavage between patriots and Tories of the region seen. In the last chapter the two youths volunteer for service as American soldiers.

BOYCE, BURKE. Man from Mt. Vernon. New York: Harper, ig6i.

338P- 15 A fictionalized biography of Washington from 1775 to the end of the Revolution, its purpose being to humanize him. Includes the Crossing of the Delaware, the battles of Trenton, Princeton, and Monmouth, and the encamp- ment at Morristown. Madness hinted at as a possible explanation of Lee's con- duct at Monmouth.

. The Perilous Night. New York: The Viking Press, 1942. 56op. The setting is the Highlands of the Hudson with some incidental allusions to New Jersey. The victory at Trenton "a momentary fillip, but at best it was only an outpost skirmish against wassailing homesick Hessians, and the army retreated afterward." The Hessians said to , "steal everything they can lay their hands on." A character reports the officers "danced the whole winter at Middle- brook. They had to, to keep warm." References to the terrible winter at Morris- town and the mutiny of the there.

BRICK, JOHN. The Rifleman. Garden City: Doubleday, 1953. 349P- None of the action in New Jersey. In Chapter 11 a regiment of Jerseymen on its way to the meets up with an American rifle company. The smartly accoutered and well drilled regiment hurls derisive remarks at the un- kempt, casual riflemen, who reply with tobacco juice. In the ensuing free-for-all the supercilious Jerseymen get the worst of it.

. The Strong Men. Garden City: Doubleday & Company, 1959• 36op. 18 The setting chiefly Valley Forge. In Chapter 14 a detachment sent into South Jersey to forage for food and information. Some of the many Tories here found shipping food to Tories in Philadelphia. Climax of the action in the Battle of Monmouth, dramatically recounted. The valuable service of the Jersey militia prior to the battle, the council of war at Hopewell, and Lee's strange conduct effectively presented. Wayne the particular hero. [16] American Revolution [ 19-231 CANNON, LEGRAND, JR. Look to the. Mountain. New York: H. Holt & Company, 1942.565p. 19 Scene: New Hampshire. In Part Three, Chapter 16, the people of that state, hearing Washington is retreating across New Jersey and most of the army has gone home, think the war about over. Learning of the 'Crossing and the Battle of Trenton, they decide the army "did all right this time," for the victory "kept the war going."

CARTER, RUSSELL GORDON. A Patriot Lad of Old Philadelphia. Philadelphia: Penn Publishing Company, 1924- 224P. 20 Pennsylvania the principal scene of action. The Crossing of the Delaware brought in indirectly, and a paragraph at the end given to the Battle of Mon- mouth.

. A Patriot Lad of Old Trenton. Philadelphia: Penn Publishing Company, 1926. 224P. 21 Leads up to the Battle of Trenton. The Hessians stressed. John Honeyman, the Jersey spy, plays a part in the story. Two Tories actively scheme against the two boy heroes, whose small boat is the one in which Washington crosses the Delaware—so this tale has it.

CAVANNA, BETTY. A Touch of Magic. Philadelphia: The West- minster Press, 1961. 189P. 22 The story, laid in Philadelphia, is concerned with the historical Shippen girls and their friends. Dr. Shippen about 1780 says: "all through New Jersey there are hospitals still full of sick and wounded from the engagement at Monmouth, not to mention the prisoners recently exchanged by the British. Some of those lads are in really bad shape." He and one of the young heroines visit a church turned into a hospital on the road leading to New Brunswick, apparently in the Bordentown area. Here "one medical man and a handful of local women for a hundred and fifty patients."

CHAMBERS, ROBERT WILLIAM. Love and the Lieutenant. New York and London: D. Appleton-Century Company, 1935- 4O2P- 23 Action in northern New York. In Chapters 19-20, British officers express disgust over the murder of Jane McCrae (or McCrea) in that area by Indian allies, a tragedy that actually befell this New Jersey-born girl. The officers fear this outrage will stimulate the recruiting of twenty regiments of rebels. [171 [24-28] New Jersey in the . The Painted Minx. New York and London: D. Appleton & Company, 1930- 307P. 24 A romance of the Revolution centering on an actress at the John Street Theatre, New York. Major Andre reports to her briefly on the Battle of Mon- mouth, declaring that the Continentals fought as well as the British regulars, thanks to Washington's leadership.

CLINARD, DOROTHY L., and NEW BY, DOROTHY D. The Hidey Hole; The Mystery of the Old Winslow Homestead. New York: Duell, Sloan & Pearce, 196o. 152p. 25 A contemporary story set in a pre-Revolutionary house at Growers Mill and involving the mystery of a family treasure hidden by ancestors of the young hero and heroine when the Hessians were coming. In the end the children solve the mystery and the treasure is put to good use. One of the characters is a retired mill worker, who tells the children about the history of and its part in the Revolution, with emphasis on the battles of Trenton and Princeton.

COBB, SYLVANUS. Karmel the Scout; or, The Rebel of the Jerseys: A Story of the American Revolution. New York: Cassell & Com- pany, 1888. 285p. 26 Mostly a highly melodramatic story with the Revolution as a vague back- ground. The setting is the Perth Amboy-New Brunswick area, with some stress on the evils created b~. the Tories of that region.

COMFORT, . llrnold's Tempter. Boston: C. M. Clark Publishing Co., 1908. 447p. 27 Nearly all the action in Philadelphia and New York. The British agent who tempts Arnold makes a journey through New Jersey, stopping for the night with a farmer in the Whippany River Valley, who is a good example of the "virtues and hardihood of the Colonists." A naval engagement near Little Egg Harbor reported in some detail.

[CONGAR, STEPHEN]. Herbert Wendall: A Tale of the Revolu- tion. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1835. 2 viols. 28 Action in the neighborhood of Newark. Includes the Battle of Springfield. The Revolution incidental to numerous loosely connected and improbable ad- ventures. A pro-British outlaw, one of the central characters in the story, ap- parently based on the New York Cowboy, Claudius Smith.

[18] American Revolution [ 29-33 COOPER, JAMES FENIMORE. The Spy: A Tale of the Neutral Ground. New York: Wiley & Halstead, 1821. 2 vols. 29 The story, with its setting in Westchester County, N.Y., centers on Harvey Birch, who, pretending to be a loyalist, actually serves as an invaluable spy for Washington. In Chapter 34 large bodies of French in New York and of Ameri- cans in New Jersey are threatening the British forces, who are thus prevented from going to the aid of Cornwallis in Virginia. With the end of the war ap- parently drawing near, Washington bids an affecting farewell to Birch at an un- specified place "in the heart of the American troops, who held the Jerseys."

CRUMPTON, M. NATALINE. The Silver Buckle: A Story of the Revolutionary Days. Philadelphia: Henry Altemus Company, 1899. 89P. 30 The Philadelphia heroine's two soldier lovers, one American, the other Eng- lish, meet at the Battle of Monmouth. The American brings water to the dying Englishman and is given a silver buckle to present to the loved one. In keeping with the buckle's significance, the young Americans marry. The battle, the "strangest" of the Revolution, treated briefly, with special mention of the heat, the "jealous" Lee's retreat, and the preliminary council of war at Hopewell.

CUMMINS, MARIA SUSANNA. Haunted Hearts. Boston: J. E. Tilton and Company, 1864. 554P• 31 A fictional treatment of an actual murder that occurred in Union County in 1931. In Chapter 1 the region described as the scene of many Revolutionary skirmishes and much pillage and cruelty by the lawless British and Hessian soldiery. An old tavern, conspicuous in the novel, alternately a place of defense and of triumphant revelry during the war, both uses being equally destructive.

CURTIS, ALICE TURNER. A Little Maid of Monmouth. Philadel- phia: Penn Publishing Co., 1925. 219P. 32 The eleven-year-old heroine captures a young British officer and gets an im- portant message to Washington. Story culminates in the Battle of Monmouth and includes the daring of Molly Pitcher and Lee's "traitorous" conduct. Wash- ington glorified.

CURTIS, NEWTON MALLORY. The Marksmen of Monmouth: A Tale of the Revolution. Troy: L. Willard, 1848. 127P• 33 This naive story tells of the mutual love, the thrilling adventures, and the eventual marriage of a handsome young patriot and a violent Tory's beautiful daughter, both of Monmouth County. The hero is captain of a corps of about

[j9] 134-36] New Jersey in the 300 Marksmen of Monmouth (sharpshooters), who use long heavy rifles and are "drilled to perfection." They are the terror of the British and acquit them- selves with great bravery at Brandywine and Germantown. At the Battle of Monmouth, when the field seems lost following Lee's retreat, the victory is won by the Marksmen and troops from Pennsylvania, who make an irresistible bayonet charge under the dauntless leadership of , with the young hero by his side. Wayne, who loves the hero like a father and gives the bride away at the wedding, is the principal historical figure in the novel. Wash- ington is made to. exclaim that Wayne has won another laurel for his brow at Monmouth.

DAVIS, BURKE. Yorktown. New York: Rinehart, 1952. 306p. 34 Though centered outside of New Jersey the plot is incidentally concerned with the winter at Morristown (one character says that in comparison "Valley Forge was a May Day's outing") and the mutiny of the Pennsylvania. Line, demanding pay, food, and the righting of wrongs. Despite General Wayne's efforts to prevent it, the men march to Princeton accompanied by their female camp-followers amid the despair of the civilians. The mutineers, whom the author presents realistically, gain their objectives. Later Clinton, recalling the Battle of Monmouth, marvels he had not been "skinned" by the rebels.

DENISON, MARY ANDREWS. Captain Molly; or, The Fight at Trenton, Christmas, 1776. A Story of the Revolution. New York: Beadle and Company, 1865.. (Beadle's Dime Novels, No. 88.) 99p. The Crossing of the Delaware and the Battle of Trenton briefly reported. Chiefly concerned with the adventures of two heroines and their patriot lovers, one of whom Molly rescues from death as an alleged spy. At the Hessians' Christmas party Molly receives and destroys the note informing Rall of the impending attack. After the battle, Washington and the dying Rall, who , is honorably in love with the other heroine, witness the nuptials of the two girls.

DESMOND, ALICE CURTIS. Alexander Hamilton's Wife: A Ro- mance of the Hudson. New York: Dodd, Mead & Company, 1952. 273P- 36 A fictionalized biography. Word comes from New Brunswick at Christmas time, 1776, that Washington's soldiers are retreating across New Jersey ragged, cold, half-starved, with bugs in what little food they have. A reference to Ham- ilton's having fought at Princeton. The winter of 1780 at Morristown busy and exciting socially for the heroine, who becomes engaged to Hamilton.

201 American Revolution 137-41 ] DORIAN, EDITH M. High Water Cargo. New York, etc.: Whittle- sey House, 1950. 216p. 37 A tale of New Brunswick in the 1850's. In Chapter 4 the boy hero listens in on reminiscences of his elders concerning Adam Huyler and his daring deeds as a privateer. So serious a menace was he to the British that they outfitted an expedition against him. One character says: "That man was a navy all by himself."

DUNCAN, JOHN M. Twelve Days 'til Trenton. New York: Whit- desey House, 1958. 155P- 38 Is concerned with the events culminating in the Crossing of the Delaware and the Battle of Trenton. The men of Marblehead, who took the boats across,. and John Honeyman, Washington's Jersey spy, are prominent.

ELLIS, EDWARD SYLVESTER. Patriot and Tory. Boston: D. Estes & Company, 1904- 31Ip. 39 The, main characters are two youthful Monmouth County brothers, one a patriot, the other a loyalist (Tory), whose adventures are vitally associated with the Revolution. The Pine Robbers much in evidence. Considerable space given to the Battle of Monmouth, with a chapter devoted to Molly Pitcher. Lee's retreat and Washington's profane anger emphasized.

EMERY, ANNE. A Spy of Old Philadelphia. New York, etc.: Rand McNally & Company, 1958. 208p. 40 The teen-age spy, after numerous .adventures in Philadelphia, gets- word to Washington at Valley Forge that the British are in New Jersey headed. for Sandy Hook. After the Battle of Monmouth Washington writes praising the boy for helping to make victory possible.

AN EX-PENSION AGENT. See MORFORD, HENRY.

FAST, HOWARD MELVIN. "The Bookman." In and the Frigate's Keel and Other Stories of a Young Nation. New York: Duell, Sloan and Pearce, 1941. 253P- 41 The book-peddler really a British sympathizer who spies on the New Jersey Line under the command of General Anthony Wayne at a place not indicated in the story. These soldiers, about 2000, always cold, being short of clothing and blankets and with hardly any shoes. In camp are constantly drilled and paraded to . make them forget they are starving. Washington, coming for a conference with Wayne, described as "a tall, tired-looking person in a uniform patched all over." 12I] [42-461 New jersey in the

. Citizen Tom Paine. New York: Duell, Sloan and Pearce, 1943• 341P- 42 Brings out Paine's influence, especially in New Jersey, as an inspiriter of both civilians and soldiers. His impact felt particularly by the garrison retreating from Fort Lee to New Brunswick, described by Fast as "a column of sorry and forlorn ghosts." Pennsylvania and Jersey soldiers credited with conspicuous fidelity to Washington.

. Conceived in Liberty: A Novel of Valley Forge. New York: Simon and Shuster, 1939. 389P- 43 The last four chapters contain a memorable account of the nightmarish Battle of Monmouth and of the anguished march across New Jersey that pre- ceded it.

. The Proud and the Free. Boston.: Little, Brown, 1950. 311p. 44 Based on the mutiny of the Pennsylvania Line in 1781, a rebellion of humble men against mistreatment by their aristocratic officers, of whom General Wayne is chief. The action largely in New Jersey, beginning in Morristown and reach- ing its climax at Princeton.

. The Unvanquished. New York: Duell, Sloan and Pearce, 1942. 316p. 45 A fictionalized history of the Revolution. Part Four deals with the campaign in New Jersey leading up to and including the Crossing of the Delaware, which, with its seeming impossibilities, is reported in considerable detail. Washington's mixture of uncertainty and high determination brought out, as is the bitter suffering of the Continental troops and the hostile treatment to which they were often exposed by the New Jersey citizens. General Lee cap- tured at Basking Ridge, and Tom Paine heartens the soldiers with his doctrine of revolution.

FLOOD, CHARLES BRACELEN. Monmouth. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1961- 349P• 46 Features many brave men and some honorable love-making. Except for the last fifty pages the scene laid in Pennsylvania; then the two armies move across New Jersey and meet at Monmouth Court House. A preliminary council of war at Hopewell brings out the differing personalities of the several American leaders. The battle described in some fulness and excitingly. Lee seems chiefly a confused man and Washington a self-controlled and heroic one.

[221 American Revolution [47-511 1 FORD, PAUL LEICESTER. Janice Meredith: A Story of the Ameri- can Revolution. New York: Dodd, Mead and Company, 1899. 536P• 47 A romance centering on a patriotic girl, who lives with her parents on their large estate near New Brunswick. Numerous major events of the war from beginning to end, including the Crossing of the Delaware, and the Battle of Trenton, incorporated, in most of which Janice and her father play some part. Washington admiringly sketched, but Ford makes no effort to idealize the average New Jersey patriot.

FRANCIS, MARY CORNELIA. Dalrymple: A Romance of the British Prison Ship, the Jersey. New York: J. Pott & Company,

1 904- 371p. 48 The events largely confined to and the prison ship, which has no connection with New Jersey. The Crossing of the Delaware and the battles of Trenton and Princeton incidentally reported. The story reaches a climax in the Battle of Monmouth, with stress on the heat, Lee's cowardice and jealousy, and Washington's rage and valor. The battle makes possible a per- sonal combat between the hero and his British rival in love.

GAUCH, PATRICIA LEE. This Time, Tempe Wick? New York: Coward, McCann & Geoghegan, 1974. 43P- 49 The familiar story retold, with some embroidery and delightful illustrations, for very young readers. Tempe represented as "a feisty farm girl" of , near Morristown, who outwits two soldiers in their attempt to ap- propriate her beloved horse Bonny. The two men, who want the horse in order to get to Philadelphia, involved in the mutiny of the Pennsylvania Line.

GERSON, NOEL BERTRAM. Give Me Liberty: A Novel of Patrick Henry. Garden City: Doubleday & Company, 1966- 347P- 50 In this biographical novel, set in Virginia, Henry observes that after Wash- ington was forced out of New York Town his militia deserted by the thou- sands and that only God knew how many troops left him on the retreat through New Jersey. declares that Washington broke the British rules of warfare by "his night attack on the Germans at Trenton." "Ah, that was rich. He knows how to fry those devils."

. I'll Storm Hell. Garden City: Doubleday & Company, 1967. 302p. 51 A fictionalized biography of "Mad" Anthony Wayne. New Jersey figures in

[231 152-541 New Jersey an Me the following episodes involving Wayne: a clash between Continental soldiers and New Jersey militia near Princeton, which he breaks up with great severity; a conference with Washington at Morristown, in which he is given command of the Pennsylvania Line; a daring engagement with the British near New Bruns- wick; a consultation with generals, including Lafayette, at Morristown; the Battle of Monmouth, which is reported at considerable length, with emphasis on Wayne's distinguished service; the mutiny of the Pennsylvania Line near Morristown, which, according to this account, Wayne quells with his customary dispatch.

. Scoundrels' Brigade. By "Carter A. Vaughan." Garden City: Doubleday, 1962. 2S9P. 52 The central character is in the American army as it retreats across New Jersey in the fall of 1776. Provisions at a minimum, soldiers forage for food, many leave for home, citizens are giving up. hope. To revive public confidence Washington makes surprise attacks at Trenton and Princeton, thereby gaining possession of the entire state. In the latter part of the book New Jersey figures slightly in the hero's efforts to track down counterfeiters.

. The Yankee Rascals. By "Carter A. Vaughan." Garden City: Doubleday, 1963. 232p. 53 A story of love and adventure during the Revolution with the setting mainly in Pennsylvania and New York. Brief attention given to Lord Stirling of New Jersey, than whom "No one fought more valiantly at Trenton and Princeton." A few fictitious incidents in New Jersey, especially the flight of a group of Yankees across the state from a British prison, which leads to the culmination of the romance at Princeton.

GRAVES, ROBERT. Proceed, Sergeant Lamb. London: Methuen & Co., 1941. 314P- 54 A first-person account of the experiences of a British soldier in America from 1777 to 1782. Naturally pro-Royalist (having been written by a British novelist) but not rabidly so. In Chapter 3 it is .stated that the main , retiring across New Jersey in June, 1778, "checked" Washington's forces in "the stub- born rearguard action of Monmouth" and got safely to New York. In Chapter 19 Lamb praises the people of New Jersey for unsurpassed attachment to the British government. Admits the Hessians given to plundering "in the European style," used most of the books of the Princeton library as fuel, and there were some discreditable characters among the British troops, but insists the British officers never countenanced any atrocities.

[241 American Revolution (55-591 GREENE, MARJORIE SHERMAN. Cowboy of the Ramapos. New York: Abelard-Schuman, 1956. i89P. 55 The hero a boy of Orange County, N.Y., who becomes a scout for Washing- ton. Has contacts with Claudius Smith, leader of the so-called Cowboys of the Ramapos. The boy is dispatched to Pompton to announce to the undernourished mutineers of the New Jersey Line that the farmers of Orange County are send- ing them large supplies of food. He arrives just as the executions begin, and his message ends the mutiny.

GUERNSEY, LUCY ELLEN. The Story of a Hessian: A Tale of Revolution in New Jersey. Philadelphia: American Sunday School Union, 1877. 181p. 56 A short novel relating sympathetically the career of a Hessian who, sent into South Jersey as a spy and captured, becomes a worthy citizen of Bridgeton. Other Hessians in New Jersey not favorably presented.

HAINES, EDWIN IRVINE. The Exquisite Siren: The Romance of Peggy Shippen and Major John Andre. Philadelphia, etc.: J. B. Lippincott Company, 1938. 444P. 57 A story of love and intrigue, set in Pennsylvania and New York, involving the conspiracy of Benedict Arnold. The Battle of Monmouth commented on in Chapter 20 as a climactic victory in spite of grave blunders.

HALL, MARJORY. A Hatf ul of Gold. Philadelphia: The Westmin- ster Press, 1964. 192p. 58 This novel about Molly Pitcher's conjectural career from her young girlhood as Molly Ludwig on her father's farm near Trenton to her removal to Carlisle, Pa., where she marries John Hays. and on to her adventures on the battlefield at Monmouth, at which she arrives in her efforts to be near her soldier-husband. Here she ministers to the wounded soldiers or those exhausted by the terrible heat, her special service being to bring them water in a pitcher (whence the nickname they bestow upon her, according to this author). Soon she finds her husband at his cannon, and when he is wounded substitutes for him. For her bravery Washington gives her the rank of sergeant, and Lafayette and some of his men present her with a hatful of coins.

HAND, MATILDA BUTLER. A Romance of Old Cape May. Phila- delphia: Dorrance and Company, 1928. 280p. 59 A story of Cape May County during the Revolution, emphasizing civilian as

[25) [ 6o-631 New Jersey in the much as military life. The conflict between patriots and Tories of the region given some attention, and a British cattle raid receives minor notice. HARRIS, CYRIL. One Braver Thing. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1942- 416p. 6o As an immediate aftermath of the war a Tory physician and his family of Perth Amboy are deprived of their property in 1783 and expelled from the town. These experiences and their subsequent life in sympathetically presented. . Richard Pryne: A Novel of the American Revolution. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 11941. 414P• 61 Centers on a fictionalized spy for Washington, with the action mainly on Long Island and in New York. In 1779 the realization comes to him that after four years the Revolution is a war that is no war, the British not knowing what to do, and Washington. "encamped out there in New Jersey all winter with a few scrawny regiments," unable to do anything either. Two and a half years later New York residents aroused by musket-fire and cannonading across the Hudson and signal-fires making the night "red all the way from Perth Amboy to Hackensack," announcing the victory at Yorktown. . Trumpets at Dawn. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1938• 429P. 62 Covers the duration of the war in and near New York City, with several scenes in New Jersey. A letter relates the fording of the Raritan River in the fall of 1776 with the hotly pursuing British stalled off by good luck with the guns. The Jersey farmers, seeing the soldiers' rags, turn the other way. The Hessians a menace near Trenton, plundering and abducting. The Crossing of the Delaware and the Battle of Trenton recounted, with the father of an ab- ducted girl giving Rall his death wound. One scene at headquarters in Totowa, Washington being represented as somewhat short-tempered and Mrs. Washington as chiefly concerned over housekeeping arrangements. Shortly before Yorktown Jersey farmers, almost cleaned out, wonder if the war will ever end. Tories gloat over their prospective revenge on patriots. John Honeyman makes a brief appearance. HARTS, BRET. "A Jersey Centenarian." In Tales of the Argonauts, and Other Sketches. Boston: J. R. Osgood and Company, 1875. 288p. 63 A brief sketch of an old woman of the Basking Ridge area who confusedly remembers Washington. She also recalls a skirmish between militia and Hes- sians. and a wounded Hessian casually shot by a little Jersey girl.

[26] American Revolution [64-68] . Thankful Blossom: A Romance of the jerseys, 1779. Boston: J. R. Osgood and Company, 1877. 158p. 64 A love story about a pert but beautiful girl, living near Morristown, and her several wooers, the successful one being a sterling New Jersey major. In- volved in the tale are General and Mrs. Washington, now in headquarters at the Ford Mansion, and Washington's secretary, Alexander Hamilton.

HENTY, GEORGE ALFRED. True to the Old Flag: A Tale of the American War of Independence. London: Blackie & Son, 1885. 390P• 65 A novelized history of the Revolution from the British point of view. Very briefly reports the Crossing of the Delaware, the important success of which Henty recognizes, and the battles of Trenton and Princeton. Of the Battle of Monmouth he merely writes that the object of this conflict was to cut off the British, but that "the Americans were worsted."

HERBERT WENDALL. See CONGAR, STEPHEN.

HERGESHEIMER, JOSEPH. Balisand. New York: A. A. Knopf, 1924. 371P- 66 A novel of post-Revolutionary Virginia with many recollections of the war, including desperate searches for cattle in the Jersey Pine Barrens, the Crossing of the Delaware, and the defeat of the Hessians at Trenton, as well as the Battle of Monmouth with Lee's failure: to obey orders.

HILLIARD-D'AUBERTEUIL, MICHEL RENE. Miss McCrea: Roman Historique (1784). Facsimile reproduction with transla- tion by Eric LaGuardia. Gainesville, Florida: Scholars' Facsimiles & Reprints, 1958. 64 & 38 p. 67 Based on an actual event of 1777 in New York State: the murder, apparently by Indians allied with the British, of Jane McCrea, a girl born and reared in New Jersey. According to the short novel, Jane's father, before this tragedy, organizes a band of patriots, whom he leads to the defense of their suffering "brothers" in New Jersey. This justifies a paragraph on Washington's successes at Trenton and Princeton, by which he gained control of the state in fifteen days.

HOFFMAN, ROBERT VAN AMBURGH. The Revolutionary Scene in New Jersey. New York: American Historical Company, 1942. 3o3P- 68 [271 [69-711 1 New Jersey in the A collection of brief "historical tales," based on fact and tradition, concerned mainly with the Revolution in the northern portion of the state, and presented largely in somewhat fictionalized form. Among the themes are: the Reverend James Caldwell's loyalty, his wife's murder, and his part in the Battle of Springfield; Benjamin Franklin's relations with his son William; John Honey- man's spying for Washington; Colonel Rall's Christmas party at Trenton; the capture of Charles Lee at Basking Ridge; Alexander Hamilton's astuteness as confidential secretary to Washington; Tempe Wick and her horse.

HOLDICH, HENRIETTA HOWARD. "Hannah Arnett's Faith." Reprinted from The New York Observer, 1876, in Authors and Writers Associated with Morristown. Morristown: Vogt Bros., 1893. 407P• 69 A short story, supposedly true in outline, in which Mrs. Arnett of Elizabeth- town persuades a group of men to reject the protection the British have offered them if they will promise not to take up arms. The time is 1776.

HOLLAND, RUPERT SARGENT. The Rider in the Green Mask. Philadelphia and London: J. P. Lippincott Company, 1926.288p. Some of the action occurs at an estate on the Delaware opposite Philadelphia during the Revolution. Hereabouts a gang of marauders steal, burn houses, and commit murder in the King's name. The young hero joins the Continental Army in 1778, knowing the next action will be fought in New Jersey. The war not stressed in detail.

HOPKINS, JOSEPH G. E. Retreat and Recall. New York: Charles

Scribner's Sons, 1966. 223p. 71 The central character a young doctor from New England who becomes a secret agent for the patriot cause in the New York area in 1776-1777. Numerous references to New Jersey: the sick in a New York hospital, along with soldiers' wives and camp-followers, sent to refuge in various New Jersey towns; later the general hospital established in New Jersey; General Charles Lee's capture by the British at Basking Ridge brought in; according to a Tory newspaper in New York the Battle of Trenton a mere skirmish of outposts and most of New Jersey's citizens opposed to independence, yet a British officer admits the entire state has risen up against England; all "hither Jersey" the scene of desperate conflicts "between Tory volunteers and Jersey militia men." The last two chapters are given to the doctor's successful attempt to reach headquarters at Morristown, after various hazards, and to deliver a secret message to Wash- ington and Greene.

[28] American Revolution [72-76] HOUGH, FRANK OLNEY. The Neutral Ground. Philadelphia and New York: J. B. Lippincott Company, 1941. 526P• 72 The plot, dealing with the conflicting loyalties engendered by the Revolution, laid largely in Westchester County, N.Y. In Part Three brief reference made to British raiding and foraging in New Jersey and to the large number of New Jersey and other Tories under arms against the patriots—making the conflict almost a civil war. In Part Four the main portion of the Continental Army de- scribed as undergoing a winter in the hills above Morristown that makes Valley Forge "seem a pleasant autumn outing by comparison." In Part Five the mutiny of the New Jersey Line at Pompton Plains reported as occurring in imitation of the example set by the Pennsylvania Line.

. Renown. New York: Carrick & Evans, 1938. 497P- 73 A fictionalized relating of the career of Benedict Arnold. The action is outside of New Jersey except for his court-martial on several charges of mis- conduct preceding his treason. The trial is held at headquarters in Morristown in 1784 and reported somewhat fully in the novel. He is sentenced to receive public reprimand, which Washington reluctantly administers. INGRAHAM, JOSEPH HOLT. "An Evening at Buccleuch Hall; or, The Grenadier's Ghost." In The Ladies Companion: A Monthly Magazine, Vol. XVII (July, 1842). 74 A short story set in a pre-Revolutionary mansion at the edge of New Bruns- wick, occupied by the British during the Revolution and, according to the story, haunted by the ghost of a British grenadier. The goblin pays the owner of the mansion a friendly visit years after the war but reveals no important secrets.

IRON, NATHANIEL COLCHESTER. The Maid of Esopus; or, The Trials and Triumphs of the Revolution. New York: Beadle and Company, 1861. (Beadle's Dime Novels, No. 22.) Ioop. 75 Following the, burning of Esopus, N.Y., by the British, Isabelle and her lover have hair-raising adventures in various parts of the country. At the Battle of Monmouth the lover and his British rival meet. The latter wounded and cap- tured, and during his captivity the two soldiers become staunch friends. Except for the heat, few details of the battle presented.

. Stella, the Daughter of Liberty: A Tale of the War Of '76. New York: Beadle and Company, 1861. (Beadle's Dime Novels, No. 27.) loop. 76 A confused story of a patriotic girl of New York City who performs many (291 177-8o1 New Jersey in the valiant services for her country. In the briefly described Crossing of the Dela- ware and Battle of Trenton her lover has an active part.

JAGENDORF, MORITZ. Upstate, Downstate: Folk Tales of the Middle Atlantic States. New York: Vanguard Press, 1949. 299p. New Jersey in Revolutionary times the subject of two of the stories: "The Foe in the Dark" tells of British and Hessian troops who , set out to capture a band of Jersey Blues making merry in a Bergen County inn. Apprised of their danger, the Blues slip away, but the British and the Hessians, confused by the intense darkness, fire on each other with deadly effect. "The Gunsmith and the Maiden" is a tale of a Monmouth County gunsmith who, to conceal his horse from the marauding British, leads it into the woods where he meets a girl performing a similar office for her father's cows. They fall in love and later marry.

JAKES, JOHN. The Rebels. New York: Pyramid Books, 1975. 539P- The plot follows the course of the Revolution from Breed's (or Bunker's) Hill to Yorktown. The central character, a Massachusetts man, participates in the Crossing of the Delaware and the Battle of Trenton, which "kept the American army from collapsing under wholesale desertions brought on by demolished morale." The hero wounded in the Battle of Monmouth, which is recounted at length with stress on the heat, the confusion, the bloodshed, and the primitive surgery. Though Clinton's forces not destroyed, "for the first time, the Americans had fought like first-class troops." Wayne's vigor, Wash- ington's leadership, and Lee's perfidy brought out.

JENNINGS, JOHN EDWARD. The Shadow and the Glory. New York: Reynal & Hitchcock, 1943. 383P- 79 The central character, a youth from New Hampshire, serves in the northern campaigns during most of the war, but he participates in the. Crossing of the Delaware and the Battle of Trenton. Both events vigorously reported in some detail, with emphasis on physical suffering, confusion, and dogged courage. The Battle of Princeton and the encampment at Morristown briefly touched on.

JOHNSON, P. DEMAREST. Claudius, the Cowboy of Ramapo Valley: A Story of Revolutionary Times in Southern New York. Middletown, N.Y.: Slauson & Boyd, 1894. 2o6p. 8o Claudius Smith, a historical pro-British outlaw and gang leader of Rockland County, N.Y., carries some of his depredations down into Bergen and Passaic counties, with much burning of houses and stealing of cattle and horses. In

[301 American Revolution [$1-841 1780 a band of Tories and regulars invade the Hackensack Valley, burning and killing and destroying the village of Closter. Washington's retreat across New Jersey, the Crossing of the Delaware, and the battles of Trenton and Princeton mentioned, as is the Battle of Monmouth. JONES, JOHN BEAUCHAMP. The War-Path: A Narrative of Ad- ventures in the Wilderness; etc. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott & Co., 1856. 335P• 8i A novel of Indian adventures, with incidental references to aspects of the Revolution in New Jersey. These include: danger of the British gaining pos- session of the whole state, except for the impending alliance with France; the murder of Mrs. James Caldwell; the Crossing of the Delaware and the battles of Trenton and Princeton, which "played the d l" with Tory calculations; Governor Franklin's expectation of being restored to office after the British victory; many depredations against old men, women, and children of New Jersey; "the glorious field of Monmouth," after which the British "retired beaten from the bloody plains of New Jersey." JONES, JOHN RICHTER. The Quaker Soldier; or, The British in Philadelphia: A Romance of the Revolution. Philadelphia: T. B. Peterson & Brothers, 1866. 569p. 82 A long rambling novel, in which Chapter 27, forsaking the story, offers a historical account of the attack on Fort Mercer in 1777. The successful de- fense of this New Jersey stronghold against the Hessians and its eventual sur- render to British forces included. JORDAN, MILDRED. Echo of the Flute. Garden City: Doubleday & Company, 1958. 479P• 83 A novel about a German-American family in Pennsylvania. One of its mem- bers had fought with great distinction at Princeton. Another member thinks with "burning shame" of the American army's "disintegration" in that battle, a recollection apparently not offset by any thought of the final American victory. This character, hearing cannonading at Germantown, reminded of the Battle of Princeton with its belching cannon, whining muskets, bellowing horses, and death cries of dying men. On various tense occasions subsequently he thinks of the Battle of Princeton or of Monmouth.

KALER, JAMES OTIS. Morgan, the Jersey Spy: A Story of the . By "James Otis." New York: A. L. Burt, 1898. 22op. 84 Scene: Virginia. Here Charles Morgan, historically a successful spy from 1311 [85-89] New Jersey in the New Jersey, does valuable service in the background, especially as a counsellor and aid to the boy heroes.

. With Washington at Monmouth: A Story of Three Philadel- phia Boys. By "James Otis." New York: A. L. Burt, 1897. 321p. 85 After numerous adventures in Pennsylvania, the boys follow the army across New Jersey, and one is a valuable assistant to Washington on the Monmouth battlefield. Lee's "treachery" included, and Molly Pitcher gets brief mention.

KENT, ALEXANDER. Sloop of War. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1972 (first American edition). 319P. 86 One of a series of sea stories by a British novelist centering on a fictitious mariner, Captain Richard Bolitho. In 1778, according to the present tale, he maneuvers up and down the American coast engaging in numerous battles with American and French vessels. Entering Delaware Bay he looks across at New Jersey, which seems a land of darkness, reminding him of many terrifying stories he has heard of attacks and ambushes, of Indians under Washington with the silence of foxes and the savagery of tigers. It seems a "world of shadows and strange noises." Later he engages and destroys a French frigate off Cape May.

KNIPE, EMILY BENSON and ALDEN ARTHUR. Beatrice of Denewood. New York: Century Co., 1913- 437P- 87 A sequel to The Lucky Sixpence. The action is outside of New Jersey, except that in the first chapter a young soldier reports the Battle of Monmouth as he experienced it, with some demonstration of the military maneuvers. Lee's duplicity and Washington's splendor are in evidence.

. The Lucky Sixpence. New York: Century Co., 1912- Op. 88 Centers on a twelve-year-old English girl who is sent to America at the time of the Revolution and becomes a staunch rebel. The American episodes largely in Pennsylvania, but early in the war the heroine passes through New Jersey and finds -the citizens lacking in patriotism under strong Tory influence. In contrast is a landlord's ill-treated but brave son.

KOEHLER, FRANCIS C. Hilda: A Romance of the Revolution. Hackensack: Krone Brothers, 1932. 115P. 89 Scene: a Dutch neighborhood on the Hackensack River, whose prosperous farmers incline toward the British side for self-protection. The Tories guilty of some violence and even murder. The heroine outwits the Tories and marries a Continental officer. Baron von Steuben succeeds in molding the raw American

[321 American Revolution [90-94] recruits of the region (at the outset he calls them "rabbits") into a formidable army. The minor Battle of Teaneck Ridge reported. KUBIE, NORA BENJAMIN. Joel: A Novel of Young America. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1952. 207P. 90 Connecticut the main scene of this story about a Jewish boy. After the victories at Trenton and Princeton the British leave most of New Jersey in Washington's hands. People begin to say Washington "a pretty good general."

LANCASTER, BRUCE. Trumpet to Arms. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1944. 379P• 91 The stated theme: the transformation of scattered companies of militia into a national army. This development seen to begin at Lexington and Concord and to reach completion at Trenton and Princeton. The central character a Massachusetts soldier associated with Colonel John Glover's regiment from Marblehead. In Part Seven he and the Marbleheaders serve valiantly in getting soldiers, horses, and cannon across the raging Delaware and also in the battles of Trenton and Princeton. The latter especially presented in some detail, with a close-up view of the bayonet work and the bloodshed. As leader Washington displays "the coldest head and the truest heart on the continent." Story and history well integrated.

LAWRENCE, EDITH. Crecy. New York: F. M. Buckles & Com- pany, 1904. 221p. 92 A novel in letter form set partly in Trenton at the time of the battle. Crecy, a high-spirited, patriotic girl, whose love affairs make most of the plot, is present at the Christmas festivities of the Hessians and prevents Colonel Rall from reading a letter reporting the danger of an American attack. Considerable at- tention given to the attitude of the New Jersey Quakers toward the war.Some glimpses of social and military doings at Morristown in early 1777.

LININGTON, ELIZABETH. The Long Watch. New York: Viking Press, 1956. 377P• 93 The editor of a rebel newspaper in New York, threatened with imprisonment when the British occupy the city, transfers his operations to Kingston, N.Y., then to Newark. Part Four of the novel built about his many problems in New Jersey, having to do with gaining supplies, news, subscribers, and distribution for his staunchly patriotic Courier. LIPPARD, GEORGE. "Trenton; or, The Footsteps in the Snow." In The Legends of the American Revolution "1776." Or, Washing- x331 195-991 New Jersey in the ton and His Generals. Philadelphia: T. B. Peterson & Brothers, 1876- 527P. 94 A sentimental tale of a soldier who dies of exposure as the army is embarking on the Crossing of the Delaware. The death of this "Martyr" is succeeded by the roar of battle on "the holy ground of Trenton." LIVINGSTON, ROSA (ACKERMAN). Turkey Feathers: Tales of Old Bergen County. Little Falls, N.J.: Phillip-Campbell Press, 1963. 166p• 95 Stories for young children, based on history and folklore. Several have to do with the Revolution, among their subjects being Hessian ruthlessness, Aaron Burr's courtship of Theodosia Prevost, a secret message from Washington carried by an eight-year-old girl, and Claudius Smith's depredations.

McCREA, PAUL. A Rabble Came to Trenton: A Christmastide Story Of 1776. Washington, 1939. 42P- 96 A long short story dealing with the Crossing of the Delaware and the Battle of Trenton. Washington and Knox conspicuous, but the special stress is on the valor and endurance of the enlisted men.

McGUIRE, FRANCES. The Secret of Barnegat Light. New York: Dutton, 1952. 128p. 97 Scene: . Time: the present. A fisherman tells the boy hero how Americans during the Revolution lured British men-of-war onto the reefs and sent the salvaged goods to Valley Forge. "And the stuff that was sent from this little island helped a lot to keep Washington's ragged, starvin' army alive."

McINTYRE, JOHN THOMAS. Drums in the Dawn. Garden City: Doubleday, Doran & Company, 1933. 322P• 98 The action of this romantic novel in various American places (other than New Jersey) and in France. Here an American and Count de Vergennes discuss Louis' hesitation to espouse the American cause. The American wants to know why the King was not satisfied with the victories at Trenton and Princeton by which a few ragged regiments and raw militia with everything hopelessly against them "made it impossible for the British to remain in the Jerseys," and asks what would they not do with the proper support. While trying to ration- alize the King's delay the Count says: "Trenton was a blow that must have made the nation glad; Princeton told of generalship and swift courage." . The Young Continentals at Monmouth. Philadelphia: Penn Publishing Company, 1912. 344P• 99 1341 American Revolution [100-103] Begins after the Battle of Trenton. Chapter S gives a fairly full account of the Battle of Princeton, with the death of General Mercer. The action then moves to Pennsylvania until the last two chapters, which are devoted to the Battle of Monmouth, with emphasis on the bravery of Molly Pitcher and the treachery of Lee.

The Young Continentals at Trenton. Philadelphia: Penn Publishing Company, 1011. 334P- 100 Is concerned with New Jersey only in the last five chapters. The Hessians represented as brutal terrorists and plunderers. Two young Continentals move among them in disguise, getting valuable information. At the Hessians' drunken Christmas party at Trenton an American girl intercepts the vital letter to Colonel Rall. The battle itself treated very briefly.

MANCUR, JOHN HENRY. Tales of the Revolution. New York: William H. Colyer, 1844. 374p. 1o1 Two of the stories are concerned with Trenton and vicinity about the time of the battle: "Aida Grey: A Tale of New Jersey." Hessians capture the heroine. After various adventures she is rescued by her suitor, an American officer. The Hes- sians represented as plundering and ruthless. A German miller is a selfish Tory, and a French barber is a faithful aid to the Americans. "Jasper Crowe." The Hessians again much in evidence; something made of the character and mode of living of their officers in Trenton. The French barber of the previous story spies for Washington and marries the beautiful heroine. Not much space given to the Crossing of the Delaware and the Battle of Trenton.

MAYO, KATHERINE. General Washington's Dilemma. New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company, 1938. 323P- 102 Book Three, "The First American Civil War," a slightly fictionalized history of the conflict between loyalists Tories and patriots in Monmouth County, dramatically expressed in the Philip White-Joshua Huddy-,Charles Asgill affair with its difficult consequences for Washington.

MEADER, STEPHEN WARREN. A Blow for Liberty. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, Inc., 1965- 187p. 103 The scene: Cape May County. The hero: a brave Quaker boy, who is in- volved in numerous encounters with the enemy, especially as he serves aboard a locally built schooner that engages in adventure-filled privateering expeditions against the British shipping in nearby waters. A pack of Pine. Robbers or Refu- 1351 1104-1071 New Jersey in the gees hiding out in the Great Swamp do damage to the patriots by robbing and burning, but are destroyed in the end with the hero's aid. A friendly young Indian participates in the action at times. Some of the characters based on actual people.

MERCER, CHARLES E. Enough Good Men. New York: Putnam, 104 1 960- 514P. A vigorous and realistic novel of soldier life, mostly in New Jersey. Much in evidence are mud, cold, near-starvation, disgust, immorality, and lack of dis- cipline. The troops often treated as invaders by the people of the state. Though Washington shows indecision at times, his quiet strength shines through. Tom Paine figures slightly. The battles of Trenton and Monmouth incorporated in the story; in the latter Lee appears as a confused man.

MIERS, EARL SCHENCK.. The Magnificent Mutineers. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1968. 124P. 105 Revolutionary events of 1779-1781 as fictionally recorded by an imaginary teen-age soldier from Pennsylvania. The episodes, presented in considerable de- tail, occur largely in New Jersey and include the encampment at Middlebrook, the terrible winter at Jockey Hollow, the Battle of Springfield, and the mutiny of the Pennsylvania Line at Morristown. Among the historical characters are General and Mrs. Washington, Anthony Wayne, Lord Stirling, Adam Huyler, and Rev. and Mrs. James Caldwell. A slight love plot runs through the story.

MINNIGERODE, MEADE. Black Forest. New York and Toronto. Farrar & Rinehart, Inc., 1937- 36oP• 1o6 The action occurs in western Pennsylvania before, during, and after the Revo- lution. One of the characters realizes Washington is having his troubles. "But he had upset the Hessians' apple cart at Trenton." A little later people are saying Gates a better general than Washingon, "who had never won a battle. in his life yet, except that fray with the drunken Hessians at Trenton." Pittsburgh felt more secure on learning of the "costly retreat" of the British through Monmouth.

MITCHELL, SILAS WEIR. Hugh Wynne: Free Quaker. New York: Century Co., 1896. z vols. 107 Some incidental references to the Revolution in New Jersey, including the Crossing of the Delaware and the battles of Trenton and Princeton (Chapter 15), the Battle of Monmouth from a participant's point of view with Washing- ton's profane denunciation of Lee (Chapter 23), and the Morristown head- quarters (Chapter 26). 136] American Revolution [ Io8-I I I j MORFORD, HENRY. The Spur of Monmouth; or, Washington in Arms. By "An Ex-Pension Agent." Philadelphia: Claxton, Rem- sen & Haffelfinger, 1876. 48op. Io8 Partly history, partly romance. Culminates in the Battle of Monmouth, in which Washington rebukes Lee with "profanity and insult." Though presented as a great spirit, Washington shown to be humanly fallible; for instance, by involvement in a fictitious love-affair with a beautiful girl. Adam Huyler, New Brunswick privateer, and his crew, "a wild and reckless set of men," given some notice.

NEAL, JOHN. Seventy-Six. Baltimore: J. Robinson, 1823. z vols. 109 Purports to be .a narrative, involving both war and love, by an American soldier who fought in the Revolution. It makes clear the low ebb of patriot morale late in 1776 and the lift it underwent after the battles of Trenton and Princeton. Both conflicts, together with the Crossing of the Delaware, forcefully recounted with emphasis on bloodshed, physical exhaustion, and emotional tension. Washington conspicuously heroic. These events, the narrator says, taught Howe to respect the American forces. The Battle of Monmouth merely mentioned.

NELSON, MAY. The Redbirds Are Flying. New York: Criterion Books, 1963. 189p. IIO Action entirely in the northeast corner of New Jersey. The hero a fourteen- year-old farm boy who, by overhearing conversation of secret agents, learns of Cornwallis' plan to attack Fort Lee. The boy, like another , rides madly to notify Greene and Washington of the danger and to give them a map showing a little known escape route. With this aid the army successfully re- treats and avoids destruction. One prominent character is the boy's chief friend, a young Lenape Indian; another is a peddler who aids the American cause. Claudius Smith and his outlaws make plundering and murderous raids in the region.

NUTT, FRANCES TYSEN. Three Fields to Cross. New York: Stephen Paul, 1947. 368p. III The episodes largely on Staten Island between 1774 and 1780, with some incidental action in New Jersey. For example, General Howe tries to trap Washington, encamped at Morristown, by constructing a pontoon bridge over which he transports his army supplies from Perth Amboy to Staten Island, hoping Washington will assume British are evacuating New Jersey. Washington not taken in.

[371 New Jersey in the I 11:2-1151 OTIS, JAMES, pseud. See KALER, JAMES OTIS.

PAGE, ELIZABETH. The Tree of Liberty. New York and Toronto: Farrar & Rinehart, 1939. 985P• 112 A historical novel covering the period from 1754 to 1806, mostly outside of New Jersey. Chapter 9 devoted to the American headquarters at Morristown. Hamilton a prominent figure. The disorganized state of affairs in New Jersey at this time stressed.

PARETTI, SANDRA. The Drums of Winter. Translated by Sophie Wilkins. New York: M. Evans & Company, Inc., 1974. 441P• 113 An action-filled novel concerned with a family belonging to the nobility of Hessia, with major emphasis on two mutually hostile half-brothers. In the latter part of the book they are serving as mercenaries against the American patriots, and their long animosity ends in a final confrontation at the Battle of Trenton. The Crossing of the Delaware and the ensuing battle presented in some detail, as are the appearance of Trenton at the time, the Toryism of many of its citizens, the general discouragement of the patriots before the victory, the rigid discipline of the Hessian troops, and the culpable unpreparedness of their Colonel Rall, who is depicted as chiefly interested in alcohol and chess.

PEATTIE, DONALD CULROSS. Journey into America. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1943- 276P• 114 Somewhat fictionalized sketches presenting various phases of American his- tory and life, two of them touching on the Revolution in New Jersey: "The Crisis" ties in Thomas Paine's first pamphlet of The American Crisis series with the Crossing of the Delaware. Also includes Colonel Rall's failure to read the revealing note prior to the Battle of Trenton. "A Country Gentleman Rides to Office." Before the new President leaves Mt. Vernon for New York his servant Billy tries to convince his fellow-slaves that he saved the General's life at the Battle of Monmouth and that he, not Washington, "cussed" General Lee for retreating.

PETERSON, CHARLES JACOBS. Kate Ayles f ord: A Story of the Refugees. Philadelphia: T. B. Peterson, 1855. 356p. (Reprinted as The Heiress of Sweetwater by "J. Thornton Randolph." Phila- delphia: T. B. Peterson, 1873.) 115 The scene is the Pine Barrens at Pleasant Mills (called Sweetwater in the novel). A patriotic American heiress, after conflicts with Tories, marries a brave Continental officer. A gang of Pine Robbers or Refugees conspicuous. Among 101 American Revolution [xx6-x19] their exploits they credit themselves with the murder of Mrs. James Caldwell. The Battle of Trenton and other Revolutionary events related by participants, and the raid at Chestnut Neck is an important action in the story. Count Pulaski has a minor place in the tale.

RANDOLPH, J. THORNTON, pseud. See PETERSON, CHARLES JACOBS.

RAYBOLD, GEORGE A. The Fatal Feud; or, Passion and Piety: A Moral Tale. New York: Lane & Scott, 1844. i56p. xx6 A feud develops between two Monmouth County families, one patriot, the other loyalist. Jacob Fagan, a member of the Tory family, becomes a notorious Pine Robber, involved in much gruesome violence. Is captured and put to death by a member of the patriot clan and his followers.

RHODES, HARRISON. "Extra Men." In The Best Short Stories of 19r8, ed. by Edward J. O'Brien. Boston: Small, Maynard & Co., 1919- 441P, 117 Scene: a colonial farm house where Washington once slept, near Washington's Crossing, N.J. Time: the First World War. On a misty evening Washington, with a large company of , seems to return and assure the elderly oc- cupant of the house, whose sole support is embarking for foreign service, that he (Washington) and his men will sail with every boatload for France.

RIVES, HALLIE ERMINIE. Hearts Courageous. Indianapolis: Bow- en-Merrill, 1902- 407P. 118 A romance centered in Williamsburg, Virginia. Just before the Battle of Lexington, Philip Freneau, the New Jersey poet, is fictitiously represented as taking lectures at William and Mary. According to a local Tory, "the rogue has made the college a pepper-pot." Has one or two armed brushes with young loyalists. Some complain that Princeton, thanks to President Witherspoon, has become a "nursery of sedition." In the summer of 1776 Toryism entrenched in New Jersey.

ROBERTS, KENNETH LEWIS. Oliver Wiswell. New York: Doubleday, Doran & Company, 194o. 836p. rig A novel written from the loyalist (Tory) point of view. While none of the action takes place in New Jersey, the New Jersey Volunteers (pro-British) appear frequently and always with praise for their valiant, important, and loyal

[391 [ 12o-1231 New Jersey in the service to the British cause. The New Jersey and other patriots belittled at every opportunity. For instance, it is reported that half the rebels in Connecticut and New Jersey are selling food to the Tories for three times its value. And according to one loyalist the soldiers from New Jersey and several other states are chiefly gifted at running away. Their officers are unable to. make them fight. Even the women camp followers, armed only with clubs, take them prisoner.

. Rabble in Arms. Garden City: Doubleday & Company, 1933• 586p. 120 Deals with the Northern Army in its movements from Quebec to Saratoga. The imaginary narrator and others ordered by General Schuyler, as a propa- ganda measure, to spread the story of Jennie McCrae (or Jane McCrea), a girl born and reared in New Jersey who was in reality murdered by Indians allied with the British. The narrator, who is represented as having witnessed the brutal killing, reports it in some detail.

SABATINI, RAFAEL. The Carolinian. Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1925- 414P- 121 The story incorporates much Revolutionary history centering on Charleston, S.C. Following the Declaration of Independence, a period of peace and pros- perity in that area, while in the North all seemed lost. The country "suddenly startled out of its gloom and despondency" by the Crossing of the Delaware and the Battle of Trenton. Hope soared again and "the war may be said to have recommenced."

SAFFORD, HENRY BARNARD. Tory Tavern. New York: Wm. Penn Publishing Corp., 1942. x, 389P. 122 The fictitious narrator, a secret agent from Long Island, spends much time traveling on various errands in New Jersey, in the course of which he has con- siderable contact with a friendly and helpful William Livingston at Liberty Hall, his Elizabeth estate, and a meeting with an imposing and somewhat aloof George Washington at the Morristown headquarters. The narrator notes that the New Brunswick privateer, Adam Hyler (or Huyler), has captured a British corvette of twenty guns in Coney Island Bay.

SAGE, AGNES CARR. Two Girls of Old New Jersey: A School- Girl Story Of '76. New York: Frederick A. Stokes, 1912. 195P- 123 Touches on many of the events of the war in New Jersey, including the battles of Trenton and Monmouth, the activities of the Cowboys and Skinners, the hanging of Joshua Huddy, and the saving of her horse from ruffianly 1401 American Revolution [ 124-1271 troopers by Tempe Wick, one of the two girls of the title. The scene principally North Jersey and Trenton.

ST. GEORGE, JUDITH. Turncoat Winter, Rebel Spring. Philadel- phia, New York, London: Chilton Book Company, 1970. viii, 165P. 124 The story of two teen-age boys, one Scottish, the other an Irish redemptioner, living near Mendham, who have numerous war-related adventures, including the apprehension of a traitor, before they enlist in the Continental Army. The scene is New Jersey throughout, and various circumstances of the war, mostly pertaining to the Morristown area in 1780, provide a background. Washington and Hamilton the principal historical figures.

SANDBURG, CARL. Remembrance Rock. New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company, 1948. io67p. 125 A kind of saga of America, beginning in England, a few years before the coming of the Mayflower and extending to 1945, tied together by the careers of fictitious characters. In Book Two, Chapter 2, the war has already begun in Elizabethtown in 1775 between patriots and Tories: a man threatened with hang- ing who brings a load of oysters from a British ship, a Liberty Pole set up by the patriots and torn down by the loyalists, a tavern fight between a patriot black- smith and a British officer. New Jersey displays as strong a spirit of rebellion as Boston. In Chapter 32 while Tory newspapers in New York announce the imminent collapse of the rebel cause Washington strikes "out of nowhere" at Trenton and again at Princeton with heavy losses for the enemy. In Chapter 36 the Battle of Monmouth briefly referred to as demonstrating that the winter at Valley Forge had not annihilated the American army.

SEAMAN, AUGUSTA HUIELL. The Missing Half. New York and

London: D. Appleton-Century Company, 1941 . 245P• 126 A present-day mystery story laid in New Jersey near Bordentown. A search for an old document to prove ownership of property brings to light information about the Hessians and the Battle of the Kegs on the Delaware River.

. The Stars of Sabra. Garden City: Doubleday, Doran & Com- pany, 1933. 273P• 127 Deals with two Monmouth County girls and a boy of today who find a diary written in 1778. The diary, amplified by the three youngsters' research, provides some data on the Battle of Monmouth, the ill-famed John Bacon, and the patriotic Lord Stirling. 1411 [ 128-132] New Jersey in the SEIFERT, SHIRLEY. Let My Name Stand Fair. Philadelphia and New York: J. B. Lippincott Company, 1956. 414P- 128 Built around the marital problems of General and his wife during the Revolution and after. Domestic and social life in headquarters at Middlebrook and Morristown treated, with some attention to General Knox and his wife. The battles of Trenton, Princeton, Monmouth, and Springfield briefly introduced.

SEREDY, KATE. Listening. New York: Viking Press, 1937. 157P• 129 A present-day story centering on an ancient New Jersey house, whose history is told to his children by the current owner. One episode has to do with Wash- ington's brief stop-over during the march across the state in 1776. His heartening words strengthen the inhabitants to endure the hardships of war, including theft and destruction by the British and the menace of Indians allied with them.

SETON, ANYA. The Hearth and Eagle. Boston: Houghton Mifflin

Company, 1948. 377P• 130 The story of a fictitious Marblehead, Mass., family, beginning in 1630 and extending into the twentieth century. One of its members (his widow tells her great-granddaughter years later) as a soldier in Glover's regiment was first port- oarsman in the boat that carried Washington through the threatening masses of ice on the Delaware, and was killed in the ensuing battle. General Knox quoted as having said that the men of Marblehead led "the army along the perilous paths to unfading glories and honors in the achievements of Trenton."

SHELDON, MARY B. One Thousand Men for a Christmas Present. Boston: Estes and Lauriat, 1898. 62p. 131 Two young New Jersey boys see the retreat of ragged, barefooted, discouraged American troops toward the Delaware and the occupation of Trenton by ruth- less Hessians. By chance the boys and their dog cross the raging river with Washington's army and witness the Battle of Trenton, in which they, especially the dog, almost participate. One thousand Hessians captured as a Christmas present for the country. Washington glorified.

SHERMAN, EDITH BISHOP. Fighting Muskets. New York and Toronto: Longmans, Green and Co., 1 938. 324P- 132 Most of the characters and events taken from the history of Newark and vicinity in 1779-80. Except for the battles of Connecticut Farms (with the; mur- der of Mrs. James Caldwell) and Springfield (with Caldwell's brave fighting), skirmishes and raids provide the historical action. Tories and Hessians promi-

[42] American Revolution 1133-1371 nent, the latter and the British being guilty of numerous outrages. The Jersey Blues conspicuous; in the end the boy hero proudly becomes one of them. Much made of the terrible winter at Morristown, and General and Mrs. Washington at headquarters there are brought in.

. Milady at ,firms: A Story of Revolutionary Days. New York: Doubleday, Page & Company, 1927. 330P• 133 The heroine a young bond-servant of the Newark area who is intensely loyal to the American cause. The Tories and the Jersey Blues in evidence, and the patriot women shown to be bravely helpful. The Revolution largely a back- ground for the adventures of the intrepid young heroine. Time: 1777.

. Mistress Madcap. Garden City: Doubleday, Page & Company, 1925. 248p. 134 The action mostly in the Newark area, centering on a brave young farm girl. Ruthlessness of the Tories of the region heavily stressed. The Battle of Trenton briefly introduced.

. Mistress Madcap Surrenders. Garden City: Doubleday, Page & Company, 1926. 26op. 135 Time: the winter of 1779-80. The Newark district suffers from Tory plotting and British devastation. The Jersey Blues and Lafayette given some attention. The heroine visits in Morristown, where she meets Washington, Mrs. Washing- ton, and Hamilton at the Ford Mansion. In the final chapter the brave Mehitable surrenders to the wooing of her patriot lover.

. "The Ride of Tempe Wick." In St. Nicholas, Vol. 63 (July, 1936). 136 Hangers-on of the American army try to appropriate Tempe's horse. She outwits them by hiding him in the spare bedroom of the Wick house for three weeks. Some emphasis on the grim winter at Morristown.

SIMMS, WILLIAM GILMORE. Southward Ho l A Spell of Sun- shine. New York: Redfield, 1854. 472p• 137 A collection of stories told by passengers on a ship sailing from New York to Charleston. As the ship cruises along the Jersey shore, it is remarked that the Jersey Blues had been noted for a valor "not exceeded, perhaps scarcely equalled, by any of the neighboring colonies," and that New Jersey had "furnished the battlefields of some of our most glorious actions--Monmouth, Princeton, Tren- ton." [433 1138-142) 1 New Jersey in the SINGMASTER, ELSIE. Rifles for Washington. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1938. 32IP• 138 A Pennsylvania boy and various associates see action in much of the war from near the beginning to Yorktown, including several New Jersey episodes. Among them are: the Battle of Monmouth, in which General Wayne and Molly (Pitcher) Hays distinguish themselves; the difficult encampment at Middlebrook; and the mutiny of the Pennsylvania Line at Morristown.

SMITH, BEVERLY. "Christmas 1776." In The American Magazine, Vol. i2g (January, 1g4o). 139 Told by means of a series of fictitious letters purportedly written by a girl who contrived to keep Colonel Rail drunk at the Hessian Christmas party to prevent his reading a note revealing the imminent attack on Trenton.

SMITH, ELIZABETH OAKES. Bald Eagle; or, The Last of the Ramapaughs: A Romance of Revolutionary Times. New York: Beadle and Adams, 1867. (Beadle's Dime Novels, No. 479•) 100P- At outset characterizes New Jersey as "the Flanders of America" because of the many Revolutionary battles and raids, Ramapo Valley having "suffered more than any other locality," especially by the incursions of Cowboys, among them Claudius Smith and his son Richard. A major figure in the story is 'the- his- torical, or at least traditional, Montagnie (or Montaigne), a soldier supposedly sent by Washington from lower New York with a message directed to. one of his generals in New Jersey. Montagnie captured in Ramapo Pass--by Cowboys, according to the author—and the misleading message turned over to the British, as Washington intended, with favorable results for the Continental Army. Bald Eagle a friendly and helpful Indian.

SPICER, BART. Brother to the Enemy. New York: Dodd, Mead & Company, 1958. 308p. 141 Deals with the conspiracy of Benedict Arnold; the scene laid outside of New Jersey. The hero, having previously fought at the Battle of Monmouth, vividly remembers "the raging fury" of Washington when he denounced Lee for re- treating. "Such heartfelt, inventive profanity" seemed out of keeping with his customary self-control.

STEDMAN, EDMUND CLARENCE. "Alice of Monmouth." In Alice of Monmouth, an Idyl of the Great War, with Other Poems. New York: Carleton, 1864. 151p. Also in later collections of his poetry. 142 1441 American Revolution [ 143-1461 A narrative having to do with a girl of Monmouth County and her lover and husband, who dies in the Civil War. In Section VIII the people of the region, as the war comes on, are inspired by the "battle on Monmouth Plains," of which

"a memory remains, / Telling us what they have done, / Teaching us what we should do."

STEPHENS, ROBERT NEILSON. Philip Winwood. Boston: L. C. Page & Company, 1900. 412p. 143 Purports to be a "domestic history" of an American captain in the Revolution written by "his enemy in arms." Briefly mentions our surprising some Hessians at Trenton, our overcoming the British forces at Princeton, and the fight at Monmouth Court House, where, many held, Lee retreated by design. The two winters at Morristown referred to.

STERNE, EMMA GELDERS. Drums of Monmouth. New York: Dodd, Mead & Company, 1933. 287p• 144 The central character Philip Freneau, whose pro-American poem, read at his Princeton commencement shortly before the Revolution, arouses Governor Franklin's ire. During the war his patriotism compels him to forsake the safety of the West Indies and return home, where he is present at the Battle of Mon- mouth. Lee's conduct set forth as that of a traitor and coward. The Battle of Princeton receives considerable incidental notice, with an account of General Mercer's death.

STEVENSON, AUGUSTA. Molly Pitcher, Girl Patriot. Indianapolis and New York: Bobbs-Merrill Company, 1952. 192p. 145 A fictionalized biography for young readers. Molly's girlhood in New Jersey and Carlisle, Pa., recounted. The last chapter narrates her traditional part in the Battle of Monmouth and her reward from Washington.

STIMSON, FREDERIC JESUP. My Story: Being the Memoirs of Benedict Arnold. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1917. 622p. A novel purporting to be an autobiography. Makes something of the capture of Charles Lee by the enemy at Basking Ridge; also of his disgrace at Mon- mouth. The Hessians, under orders to be frightful, ravaged New Jersey, which incited many to enlist in the patriot army. Chapter 25 tells the tragic story of Jane McCrea, a girl from New Jersey. Chapter 41 reports in some detail Arnold's trial by court-martial at Morristown in 1780 for alleged offenses with which he was charged before his treason. [45] New Jersey in the [ 147"1501 STODDARD, WILLIAM OSBORN. The Red Patriot: A Story of the Revolution. New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1897• 275P- 147 The principal setting a New Jersey valley on the upper waters of the Dela- ware. The boy hero on his valiant horse bears dispatches to Hancock in Phila- delphia and to Washington at Fort Lee. Some skirmishes between patriots and British. Tories and Hessians the chief menace to the rebels in the valley. A good Indian, "the last of the Sasquehannocks," aids the patriot cause. The Bat- tle of Trenton seems won largely by the boy hero and Indian John. Brief treat- ment of the Battle of Princeton.

TAYLOR, DAVID. Farewell to Valley Forge. Philadelphia: Lippin- cott, 1955- 378p. 148 Involves an adventurous love story intimately tied in with the Revolution in Pennsylvania. The last eight chapters deal with the Battle of Monmouth, de- scribed in unusual detail as to orders and maneuvers. The love plot reaches a happy culmination as an outcome of the battle. Washington seen as an inspired leader and Lee as probably a traitor. Among those prominent in the fight are Stirling, Lafayette, von Steuben, and Andre ("a spiteful little fiend"). The battle as a. major event of the Revolution underscored. In passing, the author remarks that the Marblehead fishermen made the Crossing of the Delaware and the vic- tory at Trenton a reality.

. Lights across the Delaware. Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1954• 366p• 149 A love story that leads up to the Crossing of the Delaware and the Battle of Trenton. Both events related quite fully, with the two lovers taking an impor- tant part. Most of the action in Pennsylvania, but some of the most exciting episodes in New Jersey. Some stress laid on the mood of Trenton under Hes- sian occupation.

. Storm the Last Rampart. Philadelphia and New York: J. B. Lippincott Company, i96o. 384p. 150 The action occurs in lower New York, Philadelphia, and Virginia, ending at Yorktown. Two characters in the story, thinking of Charles Lee at the Battle of Monmouth, "knew that though the court-martial had found General Lee guilty only of a shameful retreat in the face of the enemy and disrespect for Washington, every officer at the trial knew Lee was a traitor: the reluctance of the court to label him traitor was to save the Rebel Army from the stigma such a verdict would leave." Other passing references to the Battle of Monmouth and X46 American Revolution [ 151-1541 to the battles of Trenton and Princeton. The Jerseys found to be devastated by "vicious, unnecessary ruin" at the hands of the British.

TAYLOR, MARY IMLAY. A Yankee Volunteer. Chicago: A. C. Mc- Clurg and Company, 1898. 383P. 151 The novel has a somewhat incidental love plot with the major stress on the war in New England. The action moves south and involves maneuvering along the Hackensack River. In Chapter 45 the Americans withdraw to New Bruns- wick, and General Charles Lee, supposed by the British to be our greatest gen- eral, is captured at Basking Ridge. The violence of the Hessians in New Jersey actually of service to the patriot cause in that the outrages have driven many otherwise indifferent to its support. Chapters 45 and 46 deal in some detail with the Crossing of the Delaware and the Battle of Trenton, emphasizing the bitter weather and the wild confusion of the Hessians. The responsibility for the de- feat largely Rall's because of his dissipation and disregard of warnings.

THANE, ELSWYTH. Dawn's Early Light. New York: Duell, Sloan and Pearce, 1943. 317P- 152 The center of the novel Williamsburg, Va., from 1774 to 1781. In Part One, Chapter 19, the discouraging conditions in New Jersey in the fall of 1776 re- ported, also the Crossing of the Delaware and the battles of Trenton and Princeton, news of which is received in Williamsburg with vast rejoicing, and Washington is a hero once more. In Chapter 21 word reaches Williamsburg of the Battle of Monmouth, in which the Americans had a chance to defeat the British and missed it.

TOMLINSON, EVERETT TITSWORTH. The Boys of Old Mon- mouth: A Story of Washington's Campaign in New Jersey in 1778. Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1898. 427P- 153 As much history as fiction, the boys playing a minor role on the fringe of actual events. A good deal made of the cruelty of the Tories and of the Pine Robbers, who impose almost more evils of war on Monmouth County than are suffered by any other part of the nation. "Refugee-Town" on Sandy Hook, a haunt of outlaws and Tories, played up. The march across New Jersey and the Battle of Monmouth, with Molly Pitcher's bravery and Lee's treachery or in- competence, given considerable space. Lafayette's part in the battle included. Some vindication of the Hessians offered.

—. The Camp-Fire of Mad Anthony. Boston and New York: Houghton, Mifflin and Company, 1907- 391P. 154 [471 155-158] New Jersey in the Covers the period from December 1774 to the fall of 1776. Much of the action in Pennsylvania and northward to Canada. Of special interest is the burning of the smuggled tea at Greenwich, N.J., which Tomlinson attributes to a group of patriotic teen-agers of that town, disguised as Indians. The tea partly owned by a ruthless Tory, who attempts to avenge himself for his loss. His henchman a young Quaker of strong Tory sympathy.

. In the Camp of Cornwallis: Being the Story of Reuben Den- ton and his Experiences during the New Jersey Campaign of 1777. Boston and Chicago: W. A. Wilde Company, 1902. 353P- The episodes mostly along the Raritan River between New Brunswick and Bound Brook. The historical background is Washington's holding operation in the hills back of Bound Brook, which, immobilizing Cornwallis' army in New Brunswick, prevents its attacking Philadelphia. Several minor skirmishes, in one of which Reuben and his brother are captured and imprisoned in the Bruns- wick jail. The Hessians, locally known as "Dutch butchers," display chiefly stupidity. One evil character a 'Tory horse-thief. Much of the history incidental to the adventure story until near the end.

. In the Hands of the Redcoats. Boston and New York: Hough- ton, Mifflin and Company, 1900- 37op. 156 The action begins in 1780. The New Jersey hero rescued from the British prison ship, the Jersey, by Adam Huyler, the New Brunswick privateer. The killing of Tory Philip White and the hanging of Joshua Huddy in retaliation given prominence. With these events is involved a British attack on Toms River. Subsequently, Charles Asgill, a British prisoner chosen by lot to die for Huddy, is freed by Washington. Governor Franklin presented in a highly un- favorable light, but in the end reconciled with his father.

—. A Jersey Boy in the Revolution. Boston and New York: Houghton, Mifflin and Company, 1899. 428p. 157 The setting Monmouth County after the Battle of Monmouth. Terror prev- alent. Much made of raids and destruction of farmhouses and villages by the Redcoats and supporting outlaws from "Refugee-Town" and the Pine Barrens. These conditions shown to be even worse after Cornwallis' surrender, largely because of the Pine Robbers. Daring deeds of Adam Huyler and Joshua Huddy prove them to be stalwart patriots, while appears as traitor.

. The Mystery of the Ramapo Pass: A Story of the American Revolution. Boston and New York: Houghton, Mifflin Company, 148] ,4merican Revolution L 15fq-161 ]

1922.305P. 158 Based on the historical episode employed by Elizabeth Oakes Smith in Bald Eagle (see entry 140). Tomlinson locates Ramapo Pass in New Jersey. Most of the events of the story occur in Westchester County, N.Y., and New York City.

*Stories of the American Revolution. New York and London: D. Appleton and Company, 1923. 357P- 159 Recounts actual episodes of the Revolution, several of them concerned with New Jersey, in slightly fictionalized form: "The Fighting Parson of '76" is the story of the Reverend James Caldwell and his resourcefulness at the Battle of Springfield. The brutal murder of his wife at Connecticut Farms included. "The Baron of the Pines" tells of the shooting of Fenton, the Pine Robber. "Firing the Ship." Two seventeen-year-old boys of the Elizabeth area, at the urging of an American officer, swim out with a raft loaded with inflammables and set fire to a British sloop near Staten Island. "The Capture at Ramapo Pass" retells briefly the story Tomlinson had al- ready told in The Mystery of the Ramapo Pass. "The Deed of a Jersey Lass." A Woodbridge girl captures a drunk Hessian and turns him over to the patrol guard. "Tunis Forman's Reward" reports the capture by a teen-ager of two refugees who have escaped from the Monmouth Court House jail and are presumably on their way to join a gang of Pine Robbers. The reward is $20,000 in continen- tal money.

. Three Colonial Boys: A Story of the Times of '76. Boston: W. A. Wilde & Company, 1895. 368p. 16u Events of the year 1775, located mainly in Elizabeth and vicinity. Sober de- fiance toward England on the part of the New Jersey patriots after Lexington brought out. The boys outwit unpatriotic citizens of Elizabeth who make a business of smuggling goods to Tories on Staten Island. One opponent of the heroes a tyrannical schoolmaster who is fanatically pro-British. Two of the boys help to transport consignments of powder from Elizabeth to Cambridge.

. Three Young Continentals: A Story of the American Revo- lution. Boston: W. A. Wilde & Company, 1896, 364P. 161 Time: from the latter part of 1775 to August, 1776. The heroes of Three Colonial Boys now young Continentals. Many of their adventures have to do with Fagan, the villainous Pine Robber, who gets as far from his hide-out in the Barrens as Elizabeth, Long Island, and Staten Island. The three boys take [49] [i62-i64] New Jersey in the part in the , in which one of them is killed. New Jersey's enthusiastic reception of the Declaration of Independence mentioned, and Lord Stirling figures to some extent. In the main, adventure predominates over history in the book.

. Washington's Young Aids: A Story of the New Jersey Cam- paign, 1776-1777. Boston: W. A. Wilde & Company, 1847. 391P- Built around Washington's retreat from the Hudson to the Delaware late in 1776, culminating in the Crossing of the Delaware and the Battle of Trenton. The rigors of the former and the major significance of the latter emphasized. The Battle of Princeton reported at some length, with the death of Mercer, who is characterized as "One of the bravest men in all the patriot army." Much made of the. low morale in New Jersey prior to these events. Lee, before and after his capture at Basking Ridge, appears in a highly unfavorable light, and Fagan, the Pine Robber, and his gang are a recurrent menace. To a considerable extent the Revolution employed as a background or justification for the: adventures of the three young aids.

TOMLINSON, PAUL GREENE. A Princeton Boy in the Revolution. New York: Dodd, Mead and Company, 1922. 299p. (Reissued as A College Boy in the Revolution. New York: Dodd, Mead and Company, 1931.) 163 At the outset patriotic Princeton students burn tea taken from the college storeroom and from students' private stocks. The hero and two friends leave college to fight for their country. The former sent by Washington on a dan- gerous mission, which is complicated by Lee's capture at Basking Ridge, and all three students participate in the Crossing of the Delaware and the Battle of Trenton. The Battle of Princeton. including the death of Mercer and Wash- ington's conspicuous fearlessness, receives considerable attention. The Hessians represented as ruthless and cowardly, and their atrocities at Princeton, as well as those of the British, noted. The plot largely a vehicle for history.

TRUE, JOHN PRESTON. Scouting for Washington: A Story of the Days of Sumter and Tarleton. Boston: Little, Brown & Company, 1900. 311p. 164 The setting largely Boston and South Carolina. Ch:,pter 7 has a brief report of the torturing of a Yankee soldier by Cowboys in New Jersey, and Chapter 11 gives a few sentences to the Battle of Monmouth, including the American re- treat and Washington's denunciation of Lee.

[s0.] American Revolution [165-168] TURNBULL, AGNES SLIGH. The King's Orchard. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1963- 467P. 165 Time: 1772 to about 1795. Place: the Pittsburgh area. The Revolution con- spicuous in second quarter of the story. The Crossing of the Delaware and the battles of Trenton and Monmouth briefly referred to, with Washington's pro- fane anger at Lee and with later comment on Molly Pitcher's valiant service. The central character goes to Morristown to confer with Washington. Some description of Ford Mansion and allusion to privations of soldiers at Jockey Hollow. Hamilton in evidence at headquarters.

TYSON, JOHN AUBREY. The Stirrup Cup. New York: D. Apple- ton & Co., 1903. 208p. 166 Largely a romance concerned with Aaron Burr's love for Theodosia Prevost. Most of the action takes place at Paramus, with some reference to the Battle of Monmouth and Burr's part therein.

VAN SANT, HOWARD DE LA COUR. Barnegat Pirates. New York: F. Tennyson Neely, 1897. 322P• 167 The episodes occur in and near Toms River, a small but busy center of patriot activity. Much made of a gang of desperadoes under the leadership of Jack Bacon, whom the author indiscriminately labels Refugees, Pine Robbers, and Barnegat Pirates. One of their exploits is to aid the British in an attack on the salt works at Toms River. A band of Mohawk Indians also help the British in this affair, while a single friendly Indian gives valuable service on the Ameri- can side. Some of the fighting is on the water, and a melodramatic love story is interwoven through the combats. The book ends with the historical killing of Bacon.

VAUGHAN, CARTER A., pseud. See GERSON, NOEL BER- TRAM.

VIDAL, GORE. Burr. New York: Random House, 1973. 430p. 168 A novel largely in the form of a fictional memoir of Aaron Burr, purportedly in part dictated to, and in part written by, a young journalist. A consistent be- littler of Washington, Burr made to say that in three years Washington had won only "a small victory at Trenton and that had been an accident." Burr recounts at some length his experiences and observations at the Battle of Monmouth Court House, representing Washington and Lafayette much less favorably, and Lee more favorably, than is customary. Through poor generalship the battle, which might have been "a clear-cut victory," ended up a mere "skirmish, ulti-

[511 [ 1694731 New Jersey in the mately beneficial to the outnumbered British, who ought, in the normal course, to have been destroyed."

WARREN, GEORGE A. The Musket Boys on the Delaware; or, A Stirring Victory at Trenton. New York: Goldsmith Publishing Co., 1940. 292p. 169 Military movements in various areas lead up to the Crossing of the Delaware and the Battle of Trenton.

WATROUS, ANDREW E. "The Two Cornets of Monmouth." Har- per's Weekly, XXXV, No. 4842 (Sept. 12, 1891), pp. 689-694. 170 This sketchy romantic tale includes, among other characters, two cavalry offi- cers (cornets) and features the Battle of Monmouth with some attention to Lee's misconduct, Washington's wrath thereat, and Wayne's lust for battle. Molly Pitcher when, according to this version, her gunner-husband is killed, takes over his duties, and for her bravery is given a gratuity of $80, the rank of ser- geant, and half pay for life.

WIBBERLEY, LEONARD. Peter Trcegate's War. New York: Far- rar, Strauss and Cudahy, 496o. 456p. 171 The teen-age Peter, after various military adventures in Massachusetts, serves actively in the Crossing of the Delaware and the battles of Trenton and Prince- ton. The Battle of Trenton, especially, described somewhat fully, with em- phasis on the breathless speed of all its happenings.

WIENER, WILLARD. Morning in America. New York and Toron- to: Farrar & Rinehart, 1942. 3o3P. 172 A realistic novel of the Revolution, largely in New Jersey, with General Charles Lee as principal character. Action includes his capture at Basking Ridge; his conduct at the Battle of Monmouth, reported at length together with the council of war at Hopewell; and his trial by court martial chiefly at Spotswood, according to Wiener (actually chiefly at New Brunswick). His treachery during the battle attributed to a half-demented dream of fascist power in America. Lee presented as a repellent person, admired only by his aide, who is disillusioned in the end. Elias Boudinot, Wayne, Lafayette, Greene, Lord Stirling, and of course Washington prominent figures in the story.

WILLIS, CHARLES ETHELBERT. Scouts of '76: A Tale of the Revolutionary War. Richmond, Va.: Dietz Printing Co., 1924- 152] American Revolution [ 174] 344P- 173 Scene: mainly around Boonton and Lake Wawayanda. The principal charac- ters a white boy and an Indian boy, who have a part in the Revolution in spite of their youth. They are at the battles of Monmouth and Connecticut Farms. Lee called "as black a traitor as was Benedict Arnold."

WONSETLER, ADELAIDE (HILL) and JOHN C. Liberty for Johanny. New York and Toronto: Longmans, Green and Co.,

1943. 278p. 174 Pennsylvania the principal scene of this story of the Revolution, involving a Pennsylvania Dutch boy and a young slave. Chapters 9, 10, and 11 present a military expedition into South Jersey in 1778.

[531 Index

The numbers indicate titles in the bibliography, not pages. Only references to historical persons, places, and events in or essentially connected with New Jersey are included. References to British forces, Continental Army, patriots, and the like, which appear in almost every book, are not indexed.

Alexander, William, see Stirling, Lord Fenton, Lewis, 159 Andre, John, 24, 148 Fort Lee, 7, 42, 110, 147 Arnett, Hannah, 69 Fort Mercer, 9, 82 Arnold, Benedict, 13, 73, 146 Franklin, Benjamin, 3 Asgill, Charles, 156 Franklin, William, 68, 81, 144, 156 Freneau, Philip, 118, 144 Bacon, John, 127, 167 Barnegat Pirates, 167 Gloucester County, 9 Basking Ridge, 45, 63, 68, 71, 146, 151, Glover, John, 91, 130 162, 163, 172 Greene, Nathanael, 71, 110, 128, 172 Battle of the Kegs, 126 Greenwich, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 154 Bergen County, 77, 80 Grovers Mills, 25 Boonton, 173 Bordentown, 22, 126 Hackensack Valley, 80, 89, 151 Boudinot, Elias, 172 Hamilton, Alexander, 2, 36, 64, 68, 112, Bound Brook, 155 124, 135, 165 Bridgeton, 12, 56 Hancocks Bridge, 13 Burr, Aaron, 95, 166, 168 Hessians, 5, 9, 16, 21, 35, 54, 56, 62, 63, 66, 77, 82, 92, 95, 100, 101, 106, 113, Caldwell, James, 68, 105, 132, 159 126, 132, 139, 143, 146, 147, 149, 151, Caldwell, Mrs. James, 5, 13, 68, 81, 105, 153, 155, 159, 163 115, 132, 159 Honeyman, John, 21, 38, 62, 68 Cape May County, 59, 86, 103 Hopewell, 18, 30, 46, 172 Central Jersey, 25 Howe, Sir William, 109, 111 Chestnut Neck, 115 Huddy, Joshua, 102, 123, 156, 157 Clinton, Sir Henry, 8, 34 Huyler, Adam, 37, 105, 108, 122, 156, 157 Closter, 80 Connecticut Farms, see Union Indians, 6, 86, 103, 110, 129, 140, 147, Cornwallis, Charles, Lord, 110, 155 167, 173 Cowboys, 5, 28, 55, 123, 140, 164 Jersey Blues, 77, 132, 133, 135, 137 Declaration of Independence, New Jersey's Jersey City, 12 reception of, 12, 161 jockey Hollow, 49, 105, 165 Delaware River, 2, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11, 15, 19, 20, 21, 35, 38, 45, 47, 48, 62, 65, 66, 76, Knox, Henry, 96, 130 78, 79, 80, 81, 94, 96, 101, 107, 109, 113, 114, 121, 126, 130, 131, 147, 148, 149, Lafayette, Marquis de, 2, 51, 58, 135, 148, 151, 152, 162, 163, 165, 169, 171 153, 168, 172 Donop, C. E. K., Count von, 9 Lake Wawayanda, 173 Dutch farmers, 89 Lee, Charles, 1, 2, 8, 15, 18, 30, 33, 39, 45, 46, 48, 66, 68, 71, 78, 85, 87, 99, 104, Elizabeth, 69, 122, 125, 159, 160 107, 108, 114, 141, 143, 144, 146, 148, 150, 151, 153, 162, 163, 164, 165, 170, Fagan, Jacob, 116, 161, 162 172, 173 [551 Index

Little Egg Harbor, 27 144, 147, 150, 152, 162, 163, 171 Little Timber Creek, 9 Pulaski, Casimir, Count, 10, 115 Livingston, William, 122 Long Beach Island, 97 Quakers, 5, 92, 103, 154

McCrea, Jane, 23 , 67, 120, 146 Rall, Johann Gottlieb, 5, 35, 62, 68, 92, 100, Marblehead , Mass., fishermen, 38, 91, 130, 113, 114, 139, 151 148 Ramapo Valley, 140, 158, 159 Mendham, 124 Raritan River, 62, 155 Mercer, Hugh, 99, 144, 162, 163 Refugees , 115, 157, 167 Middlebrook, 16, 105, 128, 138 "Refugee-Town," 153, 157 Monmouth, 1, 2, 8, 13, 15; 18, 20, 22, 30, 32, 33, 39, 40, 43, 46, 48, 51, 54, 57, 58, Salem County, 10 65, 75, 77, 78, 80, 83, 87, 99, 102, 104, Sandy Hook, 40, 153 106, 107, 108, 109, 114, 116, 123, 125, Skinners, 123 127, 128, 137, 138, 141, 142, 143, 144, Smith, Claudius, 28, 55, 80, 95, 110, 140 145, 146, 148, 150, 152, 153, 157, 159, Smith, Richard, 140 164, 165, 166, 168, 170, 172, 173 South Jersey, 10, 12, 18, 174 Montagnie, 140 Spotswood, 172 Morgan, Charles, 84 Springfield, 13, 28, 68, 105, 128, 132, 159 Morristown, 2, 3, 13, 15, 16, 34, 36, 44, 49, Steuben, F. W. A. H. F., Baron von, 89, 148 51, 64, 71, 72, 73, 79, 81, 92, 105, 107, Stirling, Lord, 53, 105, 127, 148, 161, 172 111, 112, 122, 124, 128, 135, 136, 138, 143, 146, 165 Teaneck Ridge, 89 Toms River, 156, 167 Newark, 12, 28, 93, 132, 133, 134, 135 Tories, 6, 10, 12, 14, 18, 21, 26, 33, 39, 59, New Brunswick, 26, 37, 42, 47, 51, 74, 60, 62, 71, 72, 80, 81, 88, 89, 102, 113, 108, 122, 151, 155, 156, 172 115,116, 118, 119, 125, 132, 133, 134, New Jersey Line, mutiny of, 41, 55, 72 135, 147, 153, 154, 155, 156, 160 New Jersey Volunteers, 119 Totowa, 62 North Jersey, 6, 11, 68, 110, 123 Trenton, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 11, 15, 16, 19, 21, 35, 38, 47, 48, 50, 52, 53, 62, 65, 66, 67, 68, Paine, Thomas, 7, 42, 45, 104, 114 71, 76, 78, 79, 80, 81, 90, 91, 92, 94, 96, Paramus, 166 98, 99, 100, 101, 104, 106, 107, 109, 113, Passaic County, 80 114, 115, 121, 123, 125, 128, 130, 134, Paulus Hook, 12 137, 139, 143, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, Pennsylvania Line, mutiny of, 16, 34, 44, 152, 162, 163, 165, 168, 169, 171 49, 51, 72, 105, 138 Perth Amboy, 26, 60, 111 Union (formerly Connecticut Farms), 5, 13, Pine Barrens, 3, 66, 103, 115, 157 132, 159, 173 Pine Robbers, 9, 39, 103, 115, 116, 153, 157, Union County, 31 159, 162, 167 Pitcher, Molly, 32, 39, 58, 85, 99, 138, 145, Washington, George, 4, 7, 15, 19, 21, 24, 153, 165, 170 29, 32, 33, 35, 36, 39, 40, 41, 42, 45, 46, Pleasant Mills, 115 47, 48, 50, 51, 52, 54, 61, 62, 63, 64, 67, Pompton, 55 68, 71, 73, 78, 80, 85, 86, 87, 90, 91, 95, Pompton Plains, 72 96, 97, 101, 102, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, Prevost, Theodosia., 95, 166 109, 110, 111, 117, 122, 124, 125, 129, Princeton , 2, 4, 6, 7, 11, 15, 34, 36, 44, 48, 130, 132, 135, 140, 141, 145, 147, 148, 51, 52, 53, 54, 65, 67, 79, 80, 83, 90, 91, 150, 152, 155, 156, 162, 163, 164, 165, 98, 99, 107, 109, 118, 125, 128, 137, 143, 168, 170, 172

~~56~ Index Washington, Martha, 62, 64, 105, 132, 135 White, Philip, 156 Washington's Crossing, N.J., 117 Wick, Tempe, 49, 68, 123, 136 Wayne, Anthony, 10, 18, 33, 34, 41, 44, 51, Witherspoon, John, 118 78, 105, 138, 170, 172 Woodbridge, 159 Whippany River Valley, 27

L571