Letters from Early Modern English Nuns in Exile
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Archdiocese of Washington Map of the Archdiocese of Washington
Archdiocese of Washington Map of the Archdiocese of Washington Updated: 11/19/2019 Who We Are History of the Archdiocese of Washington The history of the Catholic Church can be sites of parishes that still exist today within traced back to the first settlers of the colony the Archdiocese of Washington. of Maryland. Jesuit Father Andrew White celebrated the first Mass held in the John Carroll, a Jesuit priest who was born in English-speaking colonies, on the-shores of Upper Marlboro, was appointed the first St. Clement’s Island, in modern day St Bishop of Baltimore. Carroll also was the Mary’s County, in 1634. Fr White and two first Bishop of the United States and initially companions had traveled with the original oversaw all the Catholic priests and founders of Maryland on the Ark and the churches in the fledgling nation. In 1808 Dove. Pope Pius VII created the Dioceses of New York, Philadelphia, Boston, and Bardstown, Maryland was founded by the Lords of Kentucky and at the same time raised Baltimore as a haven for religious toleration. Baltimore to a metropolitan see with Carroll In 1649, the Legislature passed the as Archbishop. More dioceses would be Maryland Toleration Act, the first legislation created throughout the nineteenth century enacted for religious freedom in America. as the United States expanded west. With the expulsion of King James II from England during the Glorious Revolution in The Jesuits had five large estates in 1689, all colonies in the New World came Maryland with four of the five located within under the jurisdiction of the crown. -
Introduction
1 I n t r o d u c t i o n eligious sisters and nuns, known collectively as women religious,1 have always operated in a liminal place in church and popular R culture. Nuns for centuries maintained a spiritual capital that gave them a special role in the life of the Catholic Church. Th ough some individual abbesses may have wielded signifi cant power, women religious were never canonically members of the clergy. Th ey had, however, in popular understanding, a ‘higher calling’. 2 Th rough the institutions they managed, female religious had enormous infl uence in shaping generations of Catholics. Th ey were, by the nineteenth century, 1 Th e term religious life refers to a form of life where men or women take three vows, of poverty, chastity and obedience, and are members of a particular religious institute which is governed by a rule and constitution. Catholic religious life has traditionally been divided into two main categories: orders of contemplative nuns whose work is prayer of the Divine Offi ce inside the cloister and ‘active’ congregations of religious sisters whose ministry or apostolate (traditionally teaching, nursing and social welfare) is outside the cloister. Th e terms sisters and nuns were are oft en used interchangeably, although with the codifi cation of Canon Law in 1917 the term sister came to defi ne women who took simple vows and worked outside the cloister and the term nun came to refer to contemplatives who took solemn vows and lived a life of prayer behind cloister walls. Catholic religious sisters and nuns are oft en referred to collectively as women religious. -
SPIRITUALITY: ABCD's “Catholic Spirituality” This Work Is a Study in Catholic Spirituality. Spirituality Is Concerned With
SPIRITUALITY: ABCD’s “Catholic Spirituality” This work is a study in Catholic spirituality. Spirituality is concerned with the human subject in relation to God. Spirituality stresses the relational and the personal though does not neglect the social and political dimensions of a person's relationship to the divine. The distinction between what is to be believed in the do- main of dogmatic theology (the credenda) and what is to be done as a result of such belief in the domain of moral theology (the agenda) is not always clear. Spirituality develops out of moral theology's concern for the agenda of the Christian life of faith. Spirituality covers the domain of religious experience of the divine. It is primarily experiential and practical/existential rather than abstract/academic and conceptual. Six vias or ways are included in this compilation and we shall take a look at each of them in turn, attempting to highlight the main themes and tenets of these six spiritual paths. Augustinian Spirituality: It is probably a necessary tautology to state that Augus- tinian spirituality derives from the life, works and faith of the African Saint Augustine of Hippo (354-430). This spirituality is one of conversion to Christ through caritas. One's ultimate home is in God and our hearts are restless until they rest in the joy and intimacy of Father, Son and Spirit. We are made for the eternal Jerusalem. The key word here in our earthly pilgrimage is "conversion" and Augustine describes his own experience of conversion (metanoia) biographically in Books I-IX of his Confessions, a spiritual classic, psychologically in Book X (on Memory), and theologically in Books XI-XIII. -
Cambrai's Imprint on the Life of Lady Falkland
© English Benedictine Congregation History Commission – Symposium 1998 CAMBRAI’S IMPRINT ON THE LIFE OF LADY FALKLAND Heather Wolfe, Washington ADY FALKLAND HER LIFE, the biography written at Cambrai in the I 640s by one of Lady Falkiand’s daughters, describes her devotion to the English Benedictine Congregation L as ‘most especiall’ and ‘most peculiar.’1 She was converted by a Benedictine priest, Father Dunstan Pettinger, in November 1626, and her confessors and chaplains until her death in 1639 – Fathers Cuthbert Fursden, Benet Price, Placid Gascoigne, and John Meutisse – were Benedictines. At least fourteen Benedictine priests are named in Life and related documents as having assisted the Falkland family in London, Paris, Cambral, Douai, and Rome. Whilst Life is our primary source for Lady Falkland’s relationship with the EBC, the relationship is attested by several other documents, whose discrepancies and characterisations remind us that sources for Lady Falkland’s life must be interpreted as carefully as they were written. A classic example of this is a letter from the Puritan vicar Alexander Cook to Archbishop James Ussher, written immediately after Lady Falkland’s conversion. He describes Pettinger in quite uncomplimentary terms: One of the priests who perverted her goeth under the name of Fitz Gerard, though his true name is George Pettinger, a Yorkshire man, an idle prating companion, and a serving-man not many years ago: a frequenter of bawdy-houses, and a cozener of tradesmen in London.2 In stark contrast, Lady Falkland writes of this same priest, who was arrested in her house, as well reputed, euen among protestants, for hee bath procured, mr williams, and mr ward, two of the best goldsmiths in cheapeside, to be his bayle, and I dare bee bound, there was neuer better bayle, offered for any catholike.3 There are also varying interpretations of the extent of Lady Falkland’s interaction with her Benedictine priests. -
A Brief History of Medieval Monasticism in Denmark (With Schleswig, Rügen and Estonia)
religions Article A Brief History of Medieval Monasticism in Denmark (with Schleswig, Rügen and Estonia) Johnny Grandjean Gøgsig Jakobsen Department of Nordic Studies and Linguistics, University of Copenhagen, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark; [email protected] Abstract: Monasticism was introduced to Denmark in the 11th century. Throughout the following five centuries, around 140 monastic houses (depending on how to count them) were established within the Kingdom of Denmark, the Duchy of Schleswig, the Principality of Rügen and the Duchy of Estonia. These houses represented twelve different monastic orders. While some houses were only short lived and others abandoned more or less voluntarily after some generations, the bulk of monastic institutions within Denmark and its related provinces was dissolved as part of the Lutheran Reformation from 1525 to 1537. This chapter provides an introduction to medieval monasticism in Denmark, Schleswig, Rügen and Estonia through presentations of each of the involved orders and their history within the Danish realm. In addition, two subchapters focus on the early introduction of monasticism to the region as well as on the dissolution at the time of the Reformation. Along with the historical presentations themselves, the main and most recent scholarly works on the individual orders and matters are listed. Keywords: monasticism; middle ages; Denmark Citation: Jakobsen, Johnny Grandjean Gøgsig. 2021. A Brief For half a millennium, monasticism was a very important feature in Denmark. From History of Medieval Monasticism in around the middle of the 11th century, when the first monastic-like institutions were Denmark (with Schleswig, Rügen and introduced, to the middle of the 16th century, when the last monasteries were dissolved Estonia). -
CAMEO Conflict and Mediation Event Observations Event and Actor Codebook
CAMEO Conflict and Mediation Event Observations Event and Actor Codebook Event Data Project Department of Political Science Pennsylvania State University Pond Laboratory University Park, PA 16802 http://eventdata.psu.edu/ Philip A. Schrodt (Project Director): < schrodt@psu:edu > (+1)814.863.8978 Version: 1.1b3 March 2012 Contents 1 Introduction 1 1.0.1 Events . .1 1.0.2 Actors . .4 2 VERB CODEBOOK 6 2.1 MAKE PUBLIC STATEMENT . .6 2.2 APPEAL . .9 2.3 EXPRESS INTENT TO COOPERATE . 18 2.4 CONSULT . 28 2.5 ENGAGE IN DIPLOMATIC COOPERATION . 31 2.6 ENGAGE IN MATERIAL COOPERATION . 33 2.7 PROVIDE AID . 35 2.8 YIELD . 37 2.9 INVESTIGATE . 43 2.10 DEMAND . 45 2.11 DISAPPROVE . 52 2.12 REJECT . 55 2.13 THREATEN . 61 2.14 PROTEST . 66 2.15 EXHIBIT MILITARY POSTURE . 73 2.16 REDUCE RELATIONS . 74 2.17 COERCE . 77 2.18 ASSAULT . 80 2.19 FIGHT . 84 2.20 ENGAGE IN UNCONVENTIONAL MASS VIOLENCE . 87 3 ACTOR CODEBOOK 89 3.1 HIERARCHICAL RULES OF CODING . 90 3.1.1 Domestic or International? . 91 3.1.2 Domestic Region . 91 3.1.3 Primary Role Code . 91 3.1.4 Party or Speciality (Primary Role Code) . 94 3.1.5 Ethnicity and Religion . 94 3.1.6 Secondary Role Code (and/or Tertiary) . 94 3.1.7 Specialty (Secondary Role Code) . 95 3.1.8 Organization Code . 95 3.1.9 International Codes . 95 i CONTENTS ii 3.2 OTHER RULES AND FORMATS . 102 3.2.1 Date Restrictions . 102 3.2.2 Actors and Agents . -
AUGUSTINE BAKER, O.S.B. Towards a Re-Assessment
J.P.H. CLARK AUGUSTINE BAKER, O.S.B. Towards a Re-Assessment Recent editorial work has opened the way to a new appreciation of a very sig- nificant figure in the English contemplative tradition, whose influence contin- ues not only through his writings, but through the living witness of the direct successors of the religious community for which in his life-time he provided guidance and inspiration. Augustine Baker, O.S.B. (1575-1641) is known above all through Holy Wis- dom (Sancta Sophia), the digest of his teaching published in 1657 by his con- frère Serenus Cressy under the authority of the General Chapter of the English Benedictine Congregation.1 The foundations for all modern studies of Fr. Baker were laid by Abbot Justin McCann, O.S.B., who not only provided editions of the biographical material, but also listed all the manuscripts of Fr. Baker’s unpublished works that were accessible to him, and is credited with being the only person in mod- ern times to have read them all through.2 Some thirty years ago Dom Placid Spearitt recognised the desirability of critical editions of Fr. Baker’s writings,3 but monastic duties prevented him from bringing this about. More recently, the nuns of Stanbrook Abbey have produced an edition of Fr. Baker’s Substance of 1 For the successive editions of Holy Wisdom, see Michael Woodward, ‘Bakerdata: An Anno- tated Bibliography of Published Tests and Secondary Sources’, in: M. Woodward (Ed.), That Mysterious Man: Essays on Augustine Baker, O.S.B., 1575-1641, Abergavenny-Salzburg 2001, 261 (Analecta Cartusiana 119:15). -
Why Are Nuns Funny?
Why Are Nuns Funny? Frances E. Dolan ! !" #"$%&"' & $#"#(&)!*" *( )+* a;er the Reformation, the nun was a stock <gure in a surprisingly wide range of representations. She appears in mis - chievous ballads; in comedies (where, from the poisoned nuns in !e Jew of Malta to the wise abbess in !e Comedy of Errors, the nun is either silly or benign rather than a female version of the misguided friars and villainous cardinals of tragedy); in earnest exposés of Catholic corruption; in erotic elaborations of what might happen inside the cloister and inside the confessional; in the occasional biography of a nun by her con - fessor or abbess; in theological treatises and guides addressed to her; and in the letters and other writings nuns themselves composed. Except for texts produced by and for Catholics, most of these texts provoke laughter at the nun’s failed attempts at chastity, her misguided obedience, her superstition, and her presumption to authority.= Since nuns were as various as anyone else, and representations of them spanned centuries, appearing in a range of genres and addressed to a great variety of readers, the polemi- cal project of ridiculing the nun needs to be scrutinized rather than taken as given. >e laughable nun is exposed to hostile view from the outside. Her exposure is designed in part to secure the alienated position from which one observes and ridicules her. From this viewpoint, she <gures that part of Catholicism that is to be d ismissed rather than feared: the absurdity of female authority and separatism; the inevitable eruption of repression into license; the mindless submission to corrupt leaders. -
Rethinking the Social Role of the Catholic Church of Cuba During the Republican Period, 1902-1959 Leonardo Falcon Florida International University
Florida International University FIU Digital Commons FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations University Graduate School 6-19-2002 Rethinking the social role of the Catholic Church of Cuba during the Republican period, 1902-1959 Leonardo Falcon Florida International University DOI: 10.25148/etd.FI15101335 Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd Part of the Latin American Studies Commons Recommended Citation Falcon, Leonardo, "Rethinking the social role of the Catholic Church of Cuba during the Republican period, 1902-1959" (2002). FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 3161. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3161 This work is brought to you for free and open access by the University Graduate School at FIU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of FIU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY Miami, Florida RETHINKING THE SOCIAL ROLE OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH OF CUBA DURING THE REPUBLICAN PERIOD, 1902-1959 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS in LATIN AMERICAN AND CARIBBEAN STUDIES by Leonardo Falcon 2002 To: Dean Arthur W. Herriott College of Arts and Sciences This thesis, written by Leonardo Falcon, and entitled Rethinking the Social Role of the Catholic Church of Cuba During the Republican Period, 1902-1959, having been approved in respect to style and intellectual content, is referred to you for judgment. We have read this thesis and recommend that it be approved. Uva De Aragon Lisandro 0. Perez Sherry M. Johnson Carlos M. -
“Still More Glorifyed in His Saints and Spouses”: the English Convents in Exile and the Formation of an English Catholic Identity, 1600-1800 ______
“STILL MORE GLORIFYED IN HIS SAINTS AND SPOUSES”: THE ENGLISH CONVENTS IN EXILE AND THE FORMATION OF AN ENGLISH CATHOLIC IDENTITY, 1600-1800 ____________________________________ A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of California State University, Fullerton ____________________________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in History ____________________________________ By Michelle Meza Thesis Committee Approval: Professor Gayle K. Brunelle, Chair Professor Robert McLain, Department of History Professor Nancy Fitch, Department of History Summer, 2016 ABSTRACT The English convents in exile preserved, constructed, and maintained a solid English Catholic identity in three ways: first, they preserved the past through writing the history of their convents and remembering the hardships of the English martyrs; that maintained the nuns’ continuity with their English past. Furthermore, producing obituaries of deceased nuns eulogized God’s faithful friends and provided an example to their predecessors. Second, the English nuns cultivated the present through the translation of key texts of English Catholic spirituality for use within their cloisters as well as for circulation among the wider recusant community to promote Franciscan and Ignatian spirituality. English versions of the Rule aided beginners in the convents to faithfully adhere to monastic discipline and continue on with their mission to bring English Catholicism back to England. Finally, as the English nuns looked toward the future and anticipated future needs, they used letter-writing to establish and maintain patronage networks to attract novices to their convents, obtain monetary aid in times of disaster, to secure patronage for the community and family members, and finally to establish themselves back in England in the aftermath of the French Revolution and Reign of Terror. -
Map of the Archdiocese of Washington
Archdiocese of Washington Map of the Archdiocese of Washington Page A-1 Updated: 8/22/2018 A. Who We Are History of the Archdiocese of Washington Catholicism was brought to Maryland in James Hickey was appointed Archbishop of 1634 when Jesuit Father Andrew White Washington in 1980 and elevated to the celebrated the first Mass held in the College of Cardinals in 1988. Under English-speaking colonies, on the shores of Cardinal Hickey’s leadership, the St. Clement’s Island. Founded as a haven archdiocese greatly expanded social service for Catholics and religious toleration, ministries, establishing programs such as Maryland was the site of the Religious Act Victory Housing, Birthing and Care and the of 1649, the first legislation a representative Archdiocesan Health Care and Legal body ever enacted for religious freedom. Networks. The archdiocese also grew in Sadly, between 1690 and 1776 Catholics in diversity, with Mass celebrated in over 20 Maryland suffered under oppressive penal languages, including Chinese, French, laws, but they persevered and the Catholic Korean, Polish, Portuguese, Spanish, and faith flourished. Vietnamese. In 1789 Archbishop John Carroll, who was In November 2000, Cardinal Hickey retired. born in Upper Marlboro, was appointed the His successor, then-Newark Archbishop first bishop of the United States. That same Theodore E. McCarrick, was installed in year, Georgetown University, the nation’s January 2001 and served until his first Catholic college, was founded. The retirement in 2006. Archdiocese of Washington is also home to The Catholic University of America. In May 2006 Pope Benedict XVI appointed then-Pittsburgh Bishop Donald W. -
Who Were the Nuns? a Prosopographical Study of the English Convents in Exile 1600–1800
Who were the nuns? A prosopographical study of the English Convents in exile 1600–1800 ATLAS by James E. Kelly School of History, Queen Mary University of London Email: [email protected] and David J. Horne School of Geography, Queen Mary University of London Email: [email protected] June 2013 http://www.history.qmul.ac.uk/wwtn/ This set of maps has been prepared using the Who were the nuns? database in conjunction with DIVA-GIS software (http://www.diva-gis.org/), with the aim of displaying the data in different and useful ways. For more interactive explorations of the data, a .kmz file for use in Google Earth is available for download from the project website (http://www.history.qmul.ac.uk/wwtn/). The county boundaries shapefile used in the GIS represents the counties of England and Wales as they were before the changes resulting from the Counties (Detached Parts) Act of 1844 and was kindly provided by Dr Max Satchell (Dept of Geography, University of Cambridge) from the project: The occupational structure of Britain 1379-1911 (http://www.geog.cam.ac.uk/research/centres/campop/hpss/occupations/). Who were the nuns? A prosopographical study of the English Convents in exile 1600–1800. School of History, Queen Mary University of London. Fig. 1 North East Distribution of nuns with regional North West associations West Midlands by convent East Anglia full dataset 1580–1800 County boundaries 1831 0 50 100 kilometres Who were the nuns? A prosopographical study of the English Convents in exile 1600–1800.