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Home , 2 Cygni, 51 Orionis, 52 Cygni, 69 Orionis, 87 Leonis, 9 Sagittarii

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INDEX

Page numbers in italics refer to illustrations.

Abrams Planetarium, 121 Arcturus, 50, 51, 83–84, 94, 265 Beta Crucis, 265 A/B rings, of Saturn, 216 Aries the Ram, 98 Beta Cygni, 235–236 , 267 Aristarchus, 189 Beta Leonis (), 94, 145, Achernar, 265 Aristoteles, 186–187 176 Acrux, 86 Aristotle, 249 , 155, 255 Albers, Steve, 242 Ashbrook, Joseph, 117 Beta Monocerotis, 235 , 231, 235–236, 237 Ashen Light, 205 Beta Persei, 152–153 Alcor, 232–233 association, of , 145 (Graffias), 95, 130 , 141, 141–142 asterisms, 53, 267 , 93 , 53, 83, 92–93, 136–138, , 229–230, 267 , 52, 53, 83, 87, 89, 246, 138, 265 Asterope, 141, 141–142 265 Algieba, 94 astrometric binaries, 232 Big Dipper, 47–51, 48, 83–84, Algol, 97, 151–156 Astronomical Calendar, 119 232–233 Alioth, 49 , 141, 141–142 binary stars, 97, 232, 267, 268. See Alkaid, 49, 51 atmospheric , 106, 267 also double stars (Epsilon Orionis), 148–149 Auriga the Charioteer, 29, 52–53, bipolar sunspot groups, 194 (Zeta Orionis), 148–149 82, 93, 248 black drop effect, 202 Alpha Capricorni, 233 aurora, 32–36, 35, 267 Black-Eye (M64), 178 Alpha Centauri, 79, 86, 265 aurora australis, 32 black holes, 173, 267 , 154 aurora borealis, 32 Blaze , 155 Alpha Crucis, 265 Austin, Alfred, 141 Blinking Planetary, 257 Alpha Librae, 233 autumn blue giants, 82, 267 Alpha Persei (Mirfak) Cluster, 97, , 258–260 , 24 145 globular clusters, 254 Bonestell, Chesley, 126 Alphecca, 96 magnitude of stars, 85–86 Bootes the Herdsman, 83–84, 94 Altair, 54–56, 57, 85, 265 open clusters in, 247–248 Bortle, John, 73 altazimuth system, 267 prominent , 96–98 Brocchi’s Cluster (Collinder 399), altitude, 267 averted vision, 267 57, 249 American Association of Variable azimuth, 267 Brown, Sam, 167 Star Observers (AAVSO), 152 Burnham, Robert, Jr., 167, 168, 234 American Meteor Society, 30 Bailly, 189 Butterfly Cluster (M6), 166 Andromeda Galaxy (M31), 159, Baily’s Beads, 20, 108 Byrgius/Byrgius A, 189 170–175, 171, 258, 258–260 Becrux, 86 “nucleus of,” 173–175 Beehive cluster (M44), 131, calendars Andromeda the Chained Maiden,COPYRIGHTED143–144, 144, 244, 248 MATERIALPleiades and, 139 97–98 , 89 Sirius and, 81 annular solar eclipses, 197–198 Belt of , 52, 54, 83, 86, 87, 89, Callisto, 209–210 annulus, 197 90, 146–151 canali, 221–222 , 85, 95, 123, 233, 253, 265 belts (planetary), 208–209, 211, Cancer the Crab, 94, 144 Antares B, 234 211, 217 Canes Venatici (Hunting Dogs), Apennines mountain range, 187 Berenice’s Hair, 94, 145, 176, 177, 253 aphelion, 63, 68 178, 248 Canis Major, the Big Dog, 52, 93 , 267 Beta Andromedae, 259 Canis Minor, the Little Dog, 52, 82, Aquarius the Water Bearer, 96–97 Beta Centauri, 265 93 Aquila the Eagle, 56, 57, 85, 95, 158 , 154 Canopus, 86, 265

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canyon system, of Mars, 226 companion stars, 232 Kaitos, 260 Capella, 53, 82, 93, 265 comparison stars, 152 Denebola, 94, 145, 176 Capricornus the Sea Goat, 96–97 condensation, 135 diamond ring, 18, 21, 108 Carpathian Mountains, 188 conjunctions, 267 dichotomy, 64 Cassini’s Division, 216 conclaves, 131–132 Dickinson, Emily, 198 Cassini (spacecraft), 219 of Moon, 120–126 diffuse , 242–243, 268 Cassiopeia the Queen, 97, 246 planetary, 127–133 Diphda, 97, 260 Castor, 52, 83, 93 trios, 131–133 diurnal motion, 268 Cat’s Eyes, 96 triple conjunctions, 131–133 “dog days,” 81 Caucasus Mountains, 187 of Venus, 202–207, 203 Dog Star, 234 , 141, 141–142 constellations, 267. See also individ- domes, 183 celestial sphere, 267 ual names of constellations Double Cluster of Perseus, 97 Centaurus A, 260–261 Copernicus, Nicolaus, 62, 84 double clusters, 97, 244–246 central condensation, 135 Copernicus (lunar crater), 186, 187, double stars, 138, 230–236, 231, Cepheid, 154, 267 188, 189 233, 268. See also binary stars Cephus the King, 97 corona the Dragon, 50, 233–234 Ceres, 229 auroral, 33 Druids (calendar), 139 the Whale, 97, 153–154, 260 of , 20, 21 Dubhe, 49, 51 , 56 the Northern Dumbbell Nebula (M27), 57, 95, Chi Persei, 245–246 Crown, 96, 155 255–257 chromosphere, 20 coronal hole, 35 Dunham, David, 125 circumpolar, 267 coronal mass ejections (CMEs), 35 duplicity, 82 Clavius, 188 Corvus the Crow, 94 dust tail, 71, 135 clusters, 270 Crab Nebula (M1), 93, 157, 161 Coat Hanger, 57, 249 craters, lunar, 182–183, 185–189, Eagle Nebula (M16), 168, 170 color 186, 188 of comets, 134–135 crescent, defined, 267 earthshine, 115–116 of double stars, 235–236 crescent Moon, 114–120, 185–187 magnetic fields, 35 of galaxies, 174 C ring (Crepe ring), of Saturn, 217 Mars compared to, 221–222 of Great , 241–242 culmination, 79, 267 of, 225 of lunar eclipse, 104–107 curtains (auroral), 33 passage through Saturn’s ring of , 211–212, 222–224, 228 Loop, 161–162 plane, 217–218 of stars, 79, 236–237 Cygnus Star Cloud, 42 precession of, 50 See also individual names of sights Cygnus the Swan, 56, 57, 85, 95, 164 umbral shadow of, 102 Coma Berenices (Berenice’s Hair), double stars of, 235–236 See also eclipse; Moon; Sun; indi- 94, 145, 176, 177, 178, 248 novae, 158 vidual names of planets Coma , 94, 145 open clusters, 249 earthgrazers, 31 Comet Bennett, 72 eclipse, 268 Comet Hale-Bopp, 75–76, 134, 135, Danjon, Andre, 119 annular, 197–198 136 Danjon Scale, 106–107 hybrid, 197–198 Comet Halley, 27, 73 dark adaptation, 16, 268 of Jovian moons, 209 Comet Hyakutake, 48, 70, 73–75, , 148–149, 268 lunar, 69, 101–107, 120, 264 74, 135 Da Vinci, Leonardo, 115 solar, 18, 18–22, 69, 108–110, 109, Comet IRAS-Araki-Alcock (IAA), 73 , 268 120, 195–198, 196, 262 Comet of the Century (Schaaf), 71 deep-sky object, 56–57, 268 eclipse glasses, 192 comets, 69–76, 134–136, 267 degree of condensation (DC), 135 Eclipse! (Harrington), 107 coma, 134–135 Delphinus the Dolphin, 56, 95 eclipsing binary stars, 97, 153, 268 fear of, 69–71 Delta Aquarids , 263 path, 84, 268 observation of, 76 Delta Cephei, 154 , 141, 141–142 parts of, 71 Delta Ceti, 260 electrophonic fireballs, 30 Comet Swift-Tuttle, 27 (Dschubba), 95 elongation, 61–64, 119 Comet West, 72–73 Delta Tauri, 138 emersions, 124–125 common motion pair, 232 Deneb, 54–56, 85, 235–236, 265 emission nebula, 242–243

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Encke’s Division, 217 globular clusters, 249–254, 250, 268 International Timing envelopes, 136 Golden Harp Cluster, 248 Association (IOTA), 124–125 Epsilon Cephei, 154 Goodricke, John, 153 International Space Station (ISS), Epsilon Geminorum, 130 grazing occultation, 124–125 38–39 (“Double Double”), Great Andromeda Galaxy. See Io, 209–210 56, 233, 235 Andromeda Galaxy (M31) ion tail, 135 Epsilon Virginis (Vindemiatrix), greatest elongation, 61–64, 268 , 150, 240 175 Great Orion Nebula (M42), 87, iridium satellite flare, 37, 40 equatorial system, 268 147, 149–150, 169, 236–243, Eta Aquaird meteor shower, 27, 263 238. See also Orion group of jets, 135–136 Eta Aquilae, 56 constellations Jupiter, 28–29, 95 Eta Carinae Nebula, 240 Great Red Spot (GRS), 211–212 brightness of, 65–68 , 151 Great Rift, 42–43 conjunctions of, 127–129, 128, Europa, 209–210 Great Square of Pegasus, 97 132, 133 eye safety, 108, 190–194, 195 Great Red Spot (GRS), features, halos, 136 211, 211–212 faculae, 192–194 Harrington, Philip S., 107 moons of, 207–212, 210, 211, 219 falling stars. See meteor showers Hartmann, William K., 175 occultation of, 126, 130 faults, 183 Heavenly G, 53 telescopic views, 208–209 festoons, 211–212 heliacal rising, 81 Jura Mountains, 188 Field Book of the Skies (Olcott), 152 Helix Nebula, 255–257 , 161 Hellas, 223 , 138 fireball meteors, 25–26, 28–32, 268 Hercules the Strongman, 96, Kaus Australis (Epsilon Sagittari), First Quarter Moon, 187–188 251–252 165–166 Fisher Scale, 107 Keystone, 252 Kaus Borealis, 166 Fish’s Mouth, 240 M13, 167, 251–252 Kemble, Lucian J., 248 Fomalhaut, 85–86, 97, 265 Herodotus, 189 Kemble’s Cascade, 248 foreshortening, 183–184 Herschel, John, 168, 240 Kepler, 189 46 Orionis, 149–150 Herschel, William, 168 Keystone, 96 42 Orionis, 149–150 hoods, 134, 136 Kokab, 50 full-cutoff fixture, 268 horizon, 268 Kuiper Belt Objects, 228–229 Full Moon, 111–113, 112, 113, 189 , 148–149 Kuma, 233–234 Horseshoe Nebula (M17), 168 galactic clusters, 244 Houston, Walter Scott, 152 (M8), 169, 170, galaxies, 258–261 h Persei, 245–246 242–243 of autumn, 258–260 Huygenian Region, 240 , 166–168 , 40–44, 41 Huygens, Christiaan, 215, 223, , 95–96, 166 of spring, 260–261 239–240 Langrenus, 186, 188 structure types, 259 Huygens (spacecraft), 219 galaxies, 261 Galilean satellites, 209, 209–210 , 53, 83, 92–93, 136–138, Leonid meteor shower, 23, 27–28, Galileo, 214 137, 142 29, 263 Gamma Coronae Australis, 233 hybrid solar eclipses, 197–198 Leo the Lion, 94, 133, 145 Gamma Lyrae, 255 Hydra the Sea Serpent, 94, 248 Lepus the Hare, 93, 253 Gamma Sagittarii, 166 -alpha filters, 192 Lesath (), 166 Gamma Virginis (Porrima), 233, 234 Ley, Willy, 172 Ganymede, 209–210, 219 immersions, 124–125 Libra the Scales, 94 garlands, 211–212 inferior conjunction, 268 libration, 184–185 gas tail, 71, 135 inferior planets, 67, 268 in latitude, 184–185 Geminid meteor shower, 27, 263 inner corona, 108–110, 109 in longitude, 185 Gemini the Twins, 52, 83, 93, 248 International Astronomical Union light Gemma, 96 (IAU), 76, 228 red/blueshifted light of galaxies, geomagnetic storms, 35 International Dark-Sky Association 174 gibbous phase, 114, 268 (IDA), 16, 17 refraction of, 105

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, 152 M57 (), 255–256 transits of, 199–202, 266 light pollution, 15–17, 268 M59 (Virgo Cluster galaxy), 177 meridian, 268 light-, 268 M60 (galaxy), 177 , 141, 141–142 limb, 122, 183, 193, 268 M61 (Virgo Cluster galaxy), 178 Messier, Charles, 143, 149, 161, Little Dipper, 47, 50, 140 M67 (), 248 177–178 “Local Group” of galaxies, 174 M79 (globular cluster), 253 Messier/Messier A (lunar craters), “Locksley Hall” (Tennyson), 139 M81 (galaxy), 261 186 long-period variable, 268 M82 (galaxy), 261 Messier objects, 268 Lowell, Percival, 221 M84 (galaxy), 177 , 25, 268 lucida, 84 M86 (galaxy), 177 meteors, 268 , 268 M92 (globular cluster), 251–252 meteor showers, 22–28, 23, 263, 269 lunar eclipse. See Moon M98 (galaxy), 177–178 meteor storm, 269 the Lyre, 56, 95, 255 M99 (galaxy), 177–178 meteor train, 269 Lyrid meteor shower, 27, 263 M104 (Sombrero Galaxy), 260 , 35, 230, 269 M110 (galaxy), 173 Milky Way, 40–44, 41, 56, 163, 269 M1 (Crab Nebula), 161 magnetic fields, 35 Galaxy vs. band of glow, 43–44 M2 (globular cluster), 254 magnetic poles, 33 novae and, 158 M3 (globular cluster), 253 magnitude, 267, 268 rotation of, 174 M4 (globular cluster), 95, 253–254 distance of galaxies and, 159 Sagittarius Milky Way “tour,” 165, M5 (globular cluster), 253 of Moon, 106–107 165–170 M6 (open cluster), 248–249 period of brightness, 152–156 (Delta Orionis), 148–149 M7 (open cluster), 145–146, 166, of planets, 65–68 (“the Wonderful”), 97, 248–249 of stars, 14, 15, 16, 17 151–156 M8 (Lagoon Nebula), 169 of stars, by season, 82–86 Mirfak, 97 M11 (open cluster), 95 variable stars, 151–156, 270 Mizar, 49, 232–233 M13 (globular cluster), 96, See also novae; supernovae; indi- Monocerus the Unicorn, 93, 248 251–252, 254 vidual names of sights Montanari, Geminiano, 153 M15 (globular cluster), 97, 254 , 141, 141–142 Moon, 85 M16 (Eagle or Star-Queen Nebula), Mare Crisium, 186 craters and close-up features of, 168 Mare Fecunditatis, 186 185–189, 186, 188 M17 (Omega or Horseshoe Neb- Mare Imbrium, 188 crescent, 114–120, 116, 117 ula), 168 Mare Nectaris, 186, 187 eclipse of, 69, 101–107, 102, 103, M20 (Trifid Nebula), 169 Mare Serenitatis, 186, 187, 189 120, 264 M22 (globular cluster), 167, 254 Mare Tranquillitatis, 186 First Quarter, 187–188 M27 (Dumbbell Nebula), 256–257 maria, 182–183 lunar conjunctions, , M31 (Andromeda Galaxy), Marius, Simon, 172 120–126, 121 170–175 Markarian’s Chain, 176 New, 117–120 M32 (galaxy), 173 Mars overall telescopic views of, M33 (Pinwheel Galaxy), 259–260 atmosphere, surface of, 222–224 181–185 M36 (open cluster), 93, 248 brightness of, 65–68 phases of, 111–114, 112, 113 M37 (open cluster), 93, 248 conjunctions of, 128, 133 quadrants, 181, 182, 183, 184 M38 (open cluster), 93, 248 moons of, 225–226 rotation of, 184–185 M41 (open cluster), 248 occultation of, 126, 130 umbral shadow, 20 M42 (Orion Nebula), 237–243 orbit of, 225 “young,” 117 M43 (nebula), 240 telescopic view, 219–226, 220, 223 See also Earth; Sun M44 (Beehive Star Cluster), Meeus, Jean, 131 moons, 269 143–144 Megrez, 49 of Jupiter, 207–212, 210, 211, 219 M45 ( Star Cluster), Meisel, David, 30 of Mars, 225–226 139–142 Merak, 49 as “natural” satellites, 36 M48 (open cluster), 248 Mercury of Saturn, 213–219, 218 M49 (Virgo Cluster galaxy), 178 conjunctions of, 128–129 mountains/mountain ranges M50 (open cluster), 248 at greatest elongation, 61–64 lunar, 182–183 M51 (), 159–160 occultation of, 126 Mullaney, James, 236, 240, 241

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multiple stars, 232, 235, 269 Great Orion Nebula (M42), 87, position angle (PA), 232, 269 , 166–167 147, 149–150, 169, 236–243, Praesepe (Little Cloud, Little Mist), mutual occultation of planets, 130 238 143 rising of, 88, 91–92 precession, 50, 269 nebulae, 168–169, 238, 269. See also Sword, 87–88, 146–151, 147 primary stars, 232 individual names of nebulae Orionid meteor shower, 27, 263 Proclus, 186, 188 Neptune, 226–230 Ottewell, Guy, 95, 119 Procyon, 52, 82, 93, 265 neutrinos, 160 ovals, 211–212 prominences, 21, 108–110 neutron stars, 161, 269 Owl Cluster, 247–248 , 269 New General Catalog (NGC), 168 /protoplanetary disks, 243 New Moon, 117–120 Pallas, 229–230 pulsars, 161, 269 9 Sagittarii, 169 , 269 Puppis, 164, 248 , 56 Pegasus the Winged Horse, 97 north circumpolar stars, 47 penumbra, 103–104, 194 Quadrantid meteor shower, 27, 263 Northern Cross, 56, 161 penumbral eclipse, 102–103 quasars, 260, 269 Northern Lights, 32–36 perihelion, 63, 68 North Star, 47–51, 90, 234 period, of brightness, 152–156 radiant, 24–25, 269 Cygni 1976, 158 Perseid meteor shower, 25, 27, 263 radiation, electromagnetic, 30 Nova Cygni 1992, 158 Perseus, 97, 152–153, 245, 245–246, rays, 183–184 novae, 156–162, 157, 269 248 type, 155 Nubium, 188 Petavius, 186 red giants, 83 nucleus, of comets, 134–136 Phad (Phecda), 49 redshifted color, 174 Nu Draconis, 233–234 Pherkad, 50 Red Spot Jr., 212 Nunki (Sigma Sagittari), 166 Phi Cassiopeiae, 247–248 reflection nebula, 242–243 Nysa, 143 , 20, 193 refraction, 105 Pinwheel Galaxy (M33), 172, 174, , 84, 94, 130, 133, 265 occultation, 269 258, 259 retrograde motion, 132 grazing, 124–125 Pisces the Fish, 96–97 reverse novae, 155 of Jovian moons, 209 Piscis Austrinus the Southern Fish, Rho Virginis, 176 of Moon, 120–126, 121 86, 97 rifts, 211–212 of planets, 126, 129–131 , 254–257, 255 , 52, 53, 246, 265 Oceanus Procellarum (Ocean of planetesimals, 182 magnitude of, 82 Storms), 188, 189 planets, 269 in Orion, 87, 89, 90–91 Olcott, William Tyler, 152 conjunctions of, 127–133 (RA), 270 O’Meara, Steve, 166, 252, 253 defined by International Astro- rills, 182–183 Omega Centauri, 250, 253 nomical Union, 228 Ring Nebula (M57), 56, 255, Omega Nebula (M17), 168, 170 lunar occultations of, 126 255–257 Omicron Ceti, 153 occultations by, 129–131 rings, of Saturn, 213–219, 214 Omicron-1 Cygni, 236 shapes of, 216–217 rotation, 270 Omicron-, 236 See also individual names of planets open clusters, 243–249, 244–246, Plato, 187 Sagittarius the Archer, 41, 42–43, 96 245, 269 Pleiades, 53, 93, 98, 137, 139–142, globular clusters, 253 opposition, 67–68, 269 140, 141 M23, M25, 248 optical double stars, 232, 269 occultation of, 130 Milky Way “tour,” 165, 165–170 Orion group of constellations, as reflection nebula, 242 Sagitta the Arrow, 56, 95, 256 51–53, 54, 87 as “Seven Sisters,” 140 , 89 Orion the Hunter, 48, 51–53, 86, , 141, 141–142 S Andromedae, 159 88, 91–92, 162 Pluto, 62, 131, 228–229 satellites, 270 Alnilam, Alnitak, Mintaka, Pointers, 49 manmade, 36–40, 37 148–149 point meteor, 25 observing, 39–40 Belt, 52, 54, 83, 86, 87, 89, 90, polar ice caps, of Mars, 224–225 See also Moon; moons 146–151 Polaris, 47–51, 90, 234 Saturn, 121, 213 “centralities” of, 89–90, 146 Pollux, 52, 83, 93, 265 conjunctions of, 129, 132

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moons, 213–219, 218 solar eclipse. See Sun summer occultation of, 126 solar filters, 191–192 globular clusters, 253–254 rings, 213–219, 214 solar flares, 35, 193 magnitude of stars, 84–85 Schaaf, Fred solar maximum/minimum, 35–36 open clusters in, 248–249 Comet of the Century, 71 solar projection, 190–191 prominent constellations, 95–96 The Starry Room, 30, 106, 160, 242 solar prominences, 21, 108–110 Summer Triangle, 54–57, 55, 75–76, “Sun, Moon, and Planets” (Sky & solar system, 270 84–85, 95, 256 Telescope), 121, 123 solar wind, 35, 71 Sun, 77–78 Schiaparelli, Giovanni, 221–222 Solis Lacus, 223 aurora and, 35–36 Scientifics (formerly Edmund Sci- Sombrero Galaxy (M104), 176, eclipse of, 18, 18–22, 69, 101, entific Company), 167 260–261 108–110, 109, 120, 195–198, scintillation, 79 South Equitorial Belt (SEB), 211 196, 262 the Scorpion, 85, 95–96, Southern Cross, 48, 56, 86 faculae, 192–194 123, 145–146, 162 spacecraft, 36–40. See also individual future of, 174–175 the “Sting,” 166–167, 248–249 names of spacecraft prominences, 21, 108–110 Sculptor, 260 space shuttle, 37–38 rotation of, 194 Scutum Star Cloud, 43, 95 Spaceweather.com, 36 solar filters, 191–192 Scutum the Shield, 95 spectral class, 270 solar projection, 190–191 Sea of Tranquility, 186 spectral type, 270 sunspots, 190–194, 193, 199 seeing, 270 spectroscopic binaries, 232 transits by planets, 199–207, 266 separation, 232 Spica, 84, 94, 265 viewing planets in relation to, 63 Serpens Caput (Serpent’s Head), spine, 136 See also Earth; Moon 253 sporadic meteors, 25, 270 superior conjunction, 270 Serpens the Serpent, 96, 168 spring superior planets, 67, 270 Seyfert galaxy, 260 globular clusters, 253 1987A, 160 shadow bands, 19 magnitude of stars, 83–84 supernovae, 83, 156–162, 270. See shadowcasters, 29 open clusters in, 248 also novae shadow transit, 209 prominent constellations, 94 supernova remnants (SNR), Shaula (Lambda Scorpii), 95–96, Star of Bethlehem, 132 161–162, 270 166 Star-Queen Nebula, 168, 170 Sword of Orion, 87–88, 146–151, shooting stars. See meteor showers Starry Room, The (Schaaf), 30, 106, 147 Sickle, 94 160, 242 synchronous rotation, 184 sidereal time, 270 stars, 50–51, 270 Syrtis Major, 223 , 151 beauty of, 77–78 , 138 brightness/magnitude of, 14, 15, tails, of comets, 134 Sinus Iridum (Bay of Rainbows), 16, 17, 47, 265 Taurid meteor shower, 263 188 light pollution and, 15–17 the Bull, 53, 83, 92–93, 98, Sinus Medii (Central Bay), 188 patterns as line-of-sight arrange- 136–138, 137, 161 Sirius, 52, 62, 77–81, 80, 80, 90–91, ments, 49 Taygeta, 141, 141–142 265 star clusters, 270 T Coronae Borealis (“Blaze Star”), Sirius B, 80, 234 starriest naked-eye views, 162, 155–156 64 Tauri, 138 163, 164 Teapot, 96, 165–166, 167 Sky & Telescope starriest views with binoculars, telescopes AstroAlert service, 36 telescopes, 164 books about, 167 “Sun, Moon, and Planets,” 121, 123 See also individual names of stars eye safety and, 190–191 on “young” Moon, 117 and constellations offset method, 168–169 Sky Calendar (Abrams Planetar- Stevinus, 188 “starhopping” with, 170–171 ium), 121 Straight Range, 187–188 for viewing double stars, 230–231 skyglow, 270 Straight Wall, 188, 189 See also individual names of sights Small Sagittarius Star Cloud (M24), Struve 745, 150 Tennyson, Alfred Lord, 139 164, 168, 170 Struve 761, 151 terminator, 114, 181 Smyth, WIlliam Henry, 240 sublimation, 135 Thales of Miletus, 50 solar cycle, 194 Sufi, Abd al-Rahman al-, 171 Theophilus, 187

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Theta Orionis, 150, 235, 238 valleys, 183 (spacecraft), 228 Theta-1 Orionis, 241 variable stars, 151–156, 270 Vulpecula the Little Fox, 57, 95, Theta-2 Orionis, 150, 241 , 54, 57, 81, 84–85, 86, 234, 249, 256 Theta-1 Tauri, 138 265 360° sunset, 20 , 56, 161 War of the Worlds (Wells), 222 , 50 Vela, 164 Water region, 96–97 Titan, 126, 219 Vendelinis, 186 waxing crescent Moon, 185–187 totality, 18–22 Venus, 19, 28, 116 welder’s glass, 192 transits binocular, naked-eye views, Welles, Orson, 222 dates, 266 205–207 Wells, H.G., 222 of Mercury, 199–202 brightness of, 65–68 Whirlpool Galaxy (M51), 261 shadow transit, 209 conjunctions of, 127–129, 128 white dwarfs, 80, 159, 270 of Venus, 199–202, 201 crescent of, 203, 207 Wild Duck Cluster (M11), transparency, 270 at greatest elongation, 61–64 241–242 Trapezium, 240, 241–242 near inferior conjunction, winter Triangulum the Triangle, 259 202–207, 203 globular clusters, 253 Trifid Nebula (M20), 169, 170, occultations of, 126, 131 magnitude of stars, 82–83 243 phases of, 62 open clusters in, 248 trios, 131–133 telescopic view, 204–205 prominent constellations in, triple conjunctions, 131–133 transits of, 199–202, 201, 266 92–93 Tycho, 188, 189 Vesta, 229, 230 Winter Hexagon, 53 Viking (spacecraft), 222 Winter Triangle, 53 “UFOs,” planets mistaken as, 66 Virgo (Realm of the ultraviolet light, 191–192 Galaxies), 175–178, 177, Xi Ursae Majoris, 233 umbra, 103–104, 107, 194 260–261 Universal Time (UT), 270 Virgo the Virgin, 84, 94 Upsilon Scorpii, 95–96 vision, safety and, 108, 190–194, zenith, 270 Uranus, 226–230 195 Zeta Cephei, 154 Ursa Major the Great Bear, 47, 136, volcanoes Zeta Scorpii, 249 178, 261 eruptions and lunar eclipse, , 93, 161 Ursa Minor the Little Bear, 47, 50, 105–106 , 270 94 on Mars, 226 zones, 208–209, 211, 217

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