The Western Arctic Claim
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Native Land Claims and the Future of Archaeology in the Northwest Territories, Canada Thomas D
17 Native Land Claims and the Future of Archaeology in the Northwest Territories, Canada Thomas D. Andrews Charles D. Arnnold Elisa J. Hart Margaret M. Bertulli The settlement of comprehensive land claims is ushering in major changes in the manage ment of land and resources in the Northwest Territories, including heritage resources. This chap ter summarizes the progress that has been made in completing land claims, anticipates the impact that the claims will have on the way archaeological research is conducted, and discusses how the Government of the Northwest Territories (GNWT) is responding to these changes. Suggestions for dealing with the current social and political setting in the design and implementation of archaeological projects are also presented. OUTLINE OF NATIVE LAND CLAIMS IN THE NORTHWEST TERRITORIES In the early 1970s, the Government of Canada established a comprehensive claims policy to guide negotiations with Native groups in settling Aboriginal interests in lands that they tradition ally occupied. Although the Northwest Territories has its own legislative assembly and its own bureaucracy to administer most of the business of government, the Government of Canada has the sole responsibility for settling Aboriginal land claims in the Northwest Territories. The Indigenous peoples of the Northwest Territories are the Inuit, the Dene, the Cree, and the Metis. The Inuit include the Inuvialuit of the Beaufort Sea and Amundson Gulf areas of the west ern Arctic, who, in 1984, were the first Aboriginal group in the Northwest Territories to settle a land claim with the Government of Canada (see Figure 1). In May, 1993, the Inuit of the eastern Arctic, an area commonly referred to as “Nunavut” signed a final agreement on a land claim. -
Understanding Aboriginal and Treaty Rights in the Northwest Territories: Chapter 2: Early Treaty-Making in the NWT
Understanding Aboriginal and Treaty Rights in the Northwest Territories: Chapter 2: Early Treaty-making in the NWT he first chapter in this series, Understanding Aboriginal The Royal Proclamation Tand Treaty Rights in the NWT: An Introduction, touched After Great Britain defeated France for control of North briefly on Aboriginal and treaty rights in the NWT. This America, the British understood the importance of chapter looks at the first contact between Aboriginal maintaining peace and good relations with Aboriginal peoples and Europeans. The events relating to this initial peoples. That meant setting out rules about land use contact ultimately shaped early treaty-making in the NWT. and Aboriginal rights. The Royal Proclamation of 1763 Early Contact is the most important statement of British policy towards Aboriginal peoples in North America. The Royal When European explorers set foot in North America Proclamation called for friendly relations with Aboriginal they claimed the land for the European colonial powers peoples and noted that “great frauds and abuses” had they represented. This amounted to European countries occurred in land dealings. The Royal Proclamation also asserting sovereignty over North America. But, in practice, said that only the Crown could legally buy Aboriginal their power was built up over time by settlement, trade, land and any sale had to be made at a “public meeting or warfare, and diplomacy. Diplomacy in these days included assembly of the said Indians to be held for that purpose.” entering into treaties with the indigenous Aboriginal peoples of what would become Canada. Some of the early treaty documents aimed for “peace and friendship” and refer to Aboriginal peoples as “allies” rather than “subjects”, which suggests that these treaties could be interpreted as nation-to-nation agreements. -
The Importance of Continuous Dialogue in Community-Based Wildlife Monitoring: Case Studies of Dzan and Łuk Dagaii in the Gwich’In Settlement Area1
1 ARTICLE The importance of continuous dialogue in community-based wildlife monitoring: case studies of dzan and łuk dagaii in the Gwich’in Settlement Area1 Rachel A. Hovel, Jeremy R. Brammer, Emma E. Hodgson, Amy Amos, Trevor C. Lantz, Chanda Turner, Tracey A. Proverbs, and Sarah Lord Abstract: Rapid environmental change in the Arctic elicits numerous concerns for ecosystems, natural resources, and ways of life. Robust monitoring is essential to adaptation and management in light of these challenges, and community-based monitoring (CBM) projects can enhance these efforts by highlighting traditional knowledge, ensuring that questions are locally important, and informing natural resource conservation and management. Implementation of CBM projects can vary widely depending on project goals, the communities, and the partners involved, and we feel there is value in sharing CBM project examples in different contexts. Here, we describe two projects in the Gwich’in Settlement Area (GSA), Canada, and highlight the process in which local management agencies set monitoring and research priorities. Dzan (muskrat; Ondatra zibethicus (Linnaeus, 1766)) and łuk dagaii (broad whitefish; Coregonus nasus (Pallas, 1776)) are species of great cultural importance and are the focus of CBM projects conducted with concurrent social science research. We share challenges and lessons from our experiences, offer For personal use only. insights into operating CBM projects in the GSA, and present resources for researchers interested in pursuing wildlife research in this region. CBM projects provide rich opportuni- ties for benefitting managers, communities, and external researchers, particularly when the projects are built on a foundation of careful and continuous dialogue between partners. -
Draft – 2016 3.1.2 Territorial Parks Awaiting Full Establishment (Maps 70-84) - PA
Draft – 2016 3.1.2 Territorial Parks Awaiting Full Establishment (Maps 70-84) - PA .................................................................. 51 Chapter 1: Introduction...................................... 7 3.1.3 Proposed National Parks .................................... 51 1.1 How to Use This Document ...............................7 3.1.4 Proposed Territorial Parks (Maps 70-84) - PA...... 51 3.2 Proposed Lancaster Sound National Marine 1.2 Purpose ............................................................7 Conservation Areas (Map 85) - PA .........................52 1.3 How Land Use Decisions Were Made .................7 3.3 Conservation Areas .........................................52 1.4 Options for Land Use Policy ...............................7 3.3.1 Thelon Wildlife Sanctuary (Map 86) - PA............. 52 1.4.1 Option 1- Protected Area (PA).............................. 8 3.3.2 Migratory Bird Sanctuaries (Maps 87-99) - PA .... 53 1.4.2 Option 2 - Special Management Area (SMA)......... 8 3.3.3 National Wildlife Areas (Maps 95-99) - PA .......... 57 1.4.3 Option 3 - Mixed Use (MU) .................................. 8 3.4 Historic Sites (Maps 100-114) - PA ...................60 1.4.4 Option 4 – Information on Valued Components (VCs) ............................................................................ 8 3.5 Heritage Rivers (Maps 115-119) – PA, VEC, & VSEC ....................................................................61 1.5 Considered Information ....................................8 3.5.1 Recommendation -
Compendium of Research in the Northwest Territories 2014
Compendium of Research in the Northwest Territories 2014 www.nwtresearch.com This publication is a collaboration between the Aurora Research Institute, the Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Fisheries and Oceans Canada and the Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre. Thank you to all who submitted a summary of research or photographs, and helped make this publication possible. Editor: Ashley Mercer Copyright © 2015 ISSN: 1205-3910 Printed by Aurora Research Institute Foreword Welcome to the 2014 Compendium of Research in the Northwest Territories. This year marked a special anniversary for the Aurora Research Institute and northern research. Fifty years ago, the Inuvik Research Laboratory was built and has served as a hub for research in the western arctic ever since. The Lab, as it was known, was first built as an initiative of the Canadian federal government in the newly established community of Inuvik. It remains on the same site today, but in 2011, a new modern multi-purpose facility opened to continue to support research in the north. We have included a brief history of the Lab and its impact in this edition of the Compendium to mark its long lasting importance to many researchers and community members. As part of the 50th anniversary celebration, the Aurora Research Institute team undertook a full set of NWT-wide celebrations. We celebrated the history, capacity and growth of research in the NWT that touched all corners of the territory and beyond. We honoured the significant scientific contributions that have taken place in the NWT over the past 50 years, and the role of NWT researchers, technicians and citizens in these accomplishments. -
SUMMARY REPORT Research Funded Through the Inuvialuit Final
SUMMARY REPORT Research Funded Through the Inuvialuit Final Agreement 2005-2008 Prepared by the Wildlife Management Advisory Council (Northwest Territories), the Wildlife Management Advisory Council (North Slope) and the Fisheries Joint Management Committee for the Co-management IFA Research Day Inuvik, NWT- March 27, 2007 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction i Projects recommended by the Wildlife Management Advisory Council (North Slope) that will or did receive Inuvialuit Final Agreement funds for 2007-2008, 2006-2007, 2005-2006 Aklavik Harvest Data Collection 1 Arctic Borderlands Ecological Knowledge Co-op 2 Black Guillemot Population Monitoring and Nest Success at Herschel Island 4 Herschel Island Ecological Monitoring 6 Muskox Ecology Studies 8 North Yukon Marmot Study 10 Porcupine Caribou Herd Satellite Location Program 12 Yukon North Slope Grizzly Bear Research Project 13 North Coast Botanical Inventory 15 PRISM Shorebird Surveys on the Yukon North Slope 17 Yukon North Slope Raptor Survey 19 Vegetation Change on the Coastal Plain of Ivvavik and Herschel Island 20 TABLE OF CONTENTS continued Projects recommended by the Wildlife Management Advisory Council (Northwest Territories) that will or did receive Inuvialuit Final Agreement funds for 2007-2008, 2006-2007, 2005-2006 refer to Local observations of key indicator species - Arctic Borderlands page 2 Caribou Harvest Study 22 Cape Bathurst, Bluenose-West, and Upper Tuktoyaktuk Peninsula Caribou Population Estimate (photocensus), Monitoring, and Satellite Tracking 24 Caribou (Peary) Productivity -
A Review of the Occurrence of Pacific Salmon (Oncorhynchus Spp.) in the Canadian Western Arctic S.A
ARCTIC VOL. 59, NO. 1 (MARCH 2006) P. 37–46 A Review of the Occurrence of Pacific Salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) in the Canadian Western Arctic S.A. STEPHENSON1 (Received 21 March 2005; accepted in revised form 29 June 2005) ABSTRACT. This manuscript summarizes all known captures of Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) in the Canadian western Arctic up to the end of 2003. Historic information on Pacific salmon distribution in the Canadian western Arctic is limited, and some older identifications are suspect. It is difficult to determine whether salmon numbers are actually increasing, or whether a recently established program to gather information on Pacific salmon abundance has only made them appear more abundant than historically. However, there is no evidence of newly established populations and overall not enough information to state definitively that salmon are increasing in frequency in the Canadian western Arctic as a direct result of climate change. Key words: Pacific salmon, Oncorhynchus spp., western Arctic, Northwest Territories, harvest, climate change RÉSUMÉ. Ce manuscrit résume toutes les captures connues de saumon du Pacifique (Oncorhynchus spp.) dans l’ouest de l’Arctique canadien jusqu’à la fin de 2003. Les données historiques portant sur la répartition du saumon du Pacifique sont restreintes, et certaines identifications plus anciennes sont douteuses. Il est difficile de déterminer si le nombre de saumons augmente réellement ou si le programme récemment mis sur pied pour recueillir de l’information sur l’abondance du saumon du Pacifique les fait paraître plus abondants qu’ils ne l’étaient historiquement. Toutefois, il n’existe aucune preuve de populations nouvellement établies et dans l’ensemble, il n’y a pas assez d’information pour affirmer de manière définitive que la fréquence du saumon augmente dans l’ouest de l’Arctique canadien directement en raison du changement climatique. -
OROGRAPHY 11 Just North of Edmonton a Height of Land Turns the Waters to Flow North Into the Great Mackenzie River, Over 2,500 M
OROGRAPHY 11 Just north of Edmonton a height of land turns the waters to flow north into the great Mackenzie river, over 2,500 miles long, whose valley with its low elevation above the sea is the outstanding feature of the Northwest Territories. In this watershed the terrain becomes less smooth with prominent elevations in the Caribou, Horn, and Franklin mountains and the clay soils of the prairies give way to more of sand and gravel. Great Slave and Great Bear lakes, each half as large again as lake Ontario and less elevated above the sea than lake Erie, are notable features; north and east of these two great lakes the country comes within the Canadian Shield* and the rock with some shallow overburden slopes gently down to the Arctic ocean without any large uplifts to break the monotony. Going east again, in the more northerly part there is encountered the orographical influence of Hudson bay which, indenting the continent so deeply and with rivers running in from west, south, and east, has an enormous drainage basin mainly in Manitoba, Ontario, and Quebec. Practically all of this great basin, excepting the Nelson River drainage, is included in the Canadian Shield, the surface characteristic of which is hard rock either exposed or overlain with shallow soil generally confining agriculture to the valleys or small basins. With only small areas in northeastern Quebec rising above 2,000 feet in elevation, there are no great eminences, but the surface is generally accidented by many hills and hollows with countless numbers of lakes and streams. -
A Guide to Mineral Deposits NORTHWEST TERRITORIES 2007 a Guide to Mineral Deposits
A GUIDE TO MINERAL DEPOSITS NORTHWEST TERRITORIES 2007 A Guide to Mineral Deposits of the Northwest Territories Minerals, Oil and Gas Division Department of Industry, Tourism and Investment Government of the Northwest Territories November 2007 Edited by: Christy Campbell Published by: Minerals, Oil and Gas Division Department of Industry, Tourism and Investment Government of the Northwest Territories November 2007 Available from: Minerals, Oil and Gas Division Department of Industry, Tourism and Investment Government of the Northwest Territories 9th Floor, Scotia Centre 600, 5102-50th AVE YELLOWKNIFE NT X1A 3S8 www.iti.gov.nt.ca/mog/index.htm Cover Description: Photos courtesy of Diavik Diamond Mines Inc. and John Veevaert of Trinity Mineral Company. Note: This publication supersedes earlier editions of A Guide to Mineral Deposits of the Northwest Territories, published by Minerals, Oil and Gas Division, Department of Industry, Tourism and Investment, Government of the Northwest Territories. Table of Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 1 GOLD PROPERTIES .................................................................................................................................. 4 Miramar Con Mine ....................................................................................................................................... 6 Miramar Giant Mine .................................................................................................................................... -
Yellowknife Geoscience Forum
2016 Yellowknife Geoscience Forum Abstract and Summary Volume Cover photograph Mackenzie Mountains foothills, NWT; Viktor Terlaky, Senior Petroleum Geologist at the Northwest Territories Geological Survey The picture was taken near the Arctic Red River and shows river cuts and thaw slumps in the Peel Plateau area. Old meets new: the river cuts expose Devonian and Cretaceous strata, some of which are the target of investigation as potential unconventional hydrocarbon plays; thaw slumps are caused by permafrost melting and are interpreted to be the consequence of climate change. Compiled by D. Irwin, S.D. Gervais, and V. Terlaky Recommended Citation: Irwin, D., Gervais, S.D., and Terlaky, V. (compilers). 2016. 44th Annual Yellowknife Geoscience Forum Abstracts; Northwest Territories Geological Survey, Yellowknife, NT. YKGSF Abstracts Volume 2016. - TECHNICAL PROGRAM - 2016 YELLOWKNIFE GEOSCIENCE FORUM ABSTRACTS AND SUMMARIES Contents ordered by first author (presenting author in bold) Abstracts - Oral Presentations Qilalugaq Diamond Project, Nunavut – A Unique Locality for Rare ‘Canary’ Yellow Diamonds. Armstrong, K.A. ................................................................................................................................ 1 Insights into Gold Mineralization at the Yellowknife City Gold Project using Synchrotron X-Ray Spectroscopy. Banerjee, N.R., Van Loon, L.L., Gordon, S., Lu, L., Bajwa, C., Flynn, T., Sexton, A., Setterfield, T., Campbell, J., and Carpenter, R. .................................................................................................... -
Canada's Arctic Marine Atlas
Lincoln Sea Hall Basin MARINE ATLAS ARCTIC CANADA’S GREENLAND Ellesmere Island Kane Basin Nares Strait N nd ansen Sou s d Axel n Sve Heiberg rdr a up Island l Ch ann North CANADA’S s el I Pea Water ry Ch a h nnel Massey t Sou Baffin e Amund nd ISR Boundary b Ringnes Bay Ellef Norwegian Coburg Island Grise Fiord a Ringnes Bay Island ARCTIC MARINE z Island EEZ Boundary Prince i Borden ARCTIC l Island Gustaf E Adolf Sea Maclea Jones n Str OCEAN n ait Sound ATLANTIC e Mackenzie Pe Ball nn antyn King Island y S e trait e S u trait it Devon Wel ATLAS Stra OCEAN Q Prince l Island Clyde River Queens in Bylot Patrick Hazen Byam gt Channel o Island Martin n Island Ch tr. Channel an Pond Inlet S Bathurst nel Qikiqtarjuaq liam A Island Eclipse ust Lancaster Sound in Cornwallis Sound Hecla Ch Fitzwil Island and an Griper nel ait Bay r Resolute t Melville Barrow Strait Arctic Bay S et P l Island r i Kel l n e c n e n Somerset Pangnirtung EEZ Boundary a R M'Clure Strait h Island e C g Baffin Island Brodeur y e r r n Peninsula t a P I Cumberland n Peel Sound l e Sound Viscount Stefansson t Melville Island Sound Prince Labrador of Wales Igloolik Prince Sea it Island Charles ra Hadley Bay Banks St s Island le a Island W Hall Beach f Beaufort o M'Clintock Gulf of Iqaluit e c n Frobisher Bay i Channel Resolution r Boothia Boothia Sea P Island Sachs Franklin Peninsula Committee Foxe Harbour Strait Bay Melville Peninsula Basin Kimmirut Taloyoak N UNAT Minto Inlet Victoria SIA VUT Makkovik Ulukhaktok Kugaaruk Foxe Island Hopedale Liverpool Amundsen Victoria King -
Ecosystem Overview and Assessment Report Canadian Technical Report
Beaufort Sea Large Ocean Management Area: Ecosystem Overview and Assessment Report D. Cobb, H. Fast, M.H. Papst, D. Rosenberg, R. Rutherford, and J.E. Sareault Central and Arctic Region Freshwater Institute 501 University Crescent Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N6 2008 Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 2780 Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Technical reports contain scientific and technical information that contributes to existing knowledge but which is not normally appropriate for primary literature. Technical reports are directed primarily toward a worldwide audience and have an international distribution. No restriction is placed on subject matter and the series reflects the broad interests and policies of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, namely, fisheries and aquatic sciences. Technical reports may be cited as full publications. The correct citation appears above the abstract of each report. Each report is abstracted in the data base Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts . Technical reports are produced regionally but are numbered nationally. Requests for individual reports will be filled by the issuing establishment listed on the front cover and title page. Numbers 1-456 in this series were issued as Technical Reports of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. Numbers 457-714 were issued as Department of the Environment, Fisheries and Marine Service, Research and Development Directorate Technical Reports. Numbers 715-924 were issued as Department of Fisheries and Environment, Fisheries and Marine Service Technical Reports. The current series name was changed with report number 925. Rapport technique canadien des Sciences halieutiques et aquatiques Les rapports techniques contiennent des renseignements scientifiques et techniques qui constituent une contribution aux connaissances actuelles, mais qui ne sont pas normalement appropriés pour la publication dans un journal scientifique.