DOCSLIB.ORG

Research Into the Long Term Impact of Development Interventions in the Koshi Hills of Nepal

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Research Into the Long Term Impact of Development Interventions in the Koshi Hills of Nepal RESEARCH INTO THE LONG TERM IMPACT OF DEVELOPMENT INTERVENTIONS IN THE KOSHI HILLS OF NEPAL DOCUMENTARY REPORT Commissioned by Nepal Government’s National Planning Commission (NPC) and The UK Government’s Department for International Development (DFID) [Contract Number PO 5504] August 2013 GRM International Ltd, in association with the Effective Development Group and the Foundation for Development Management GRM International Ltd Effective Development Foundation for nd 2 Floor Group Development Management Turnberry House Level 6 JDA Complex Level II 100 Bunhill Row 444 Queen St Bagdarbar, Sundhara London, EC1Y 8ND Brisbane Kathmandu United Kingdom QLD 4000 Nepal Tel: +44(0) 20 7250 0556 Australia Tel.: +977 1 4263944 Fax: +44(0) 20 7336 8742 Tel: +61 7 3025 8500 Fax.: +977 1 4259104 Fax: +61 7 3025 8555 Annex 1: Total Planned Outlay for National Plans (1956-2010), Nepal Total Planned Outlay (in millions) National Periodic USD (at 2012 Plans NRs. rates) 1st 1956 – 1961 330 4 2nd 1962 – 1965 600 8 3rd 1965 – 1970 2,500 32 4th 1970 – 1975 3,540 45 5th 1975 – 1980 9,197 - 11,404 116.8 - 144.8 6th 1980 – 1985 21,750 276 7th 1985 – 1990 103,014 1,308 8th 1990 – 1995 170,332 2,163 9th 1997 – 2002 372,711 4,733 10th 2002 – 2007 609,823 7,744 11th 2007 – 2010 587,676 7,463 12th 2010 – 2013 1,023,705 12,999 Annex 2: Protected Area Systems, Nepal The efforts to conserve the natural resources undertaken by the government in Nepal can be divided into three types, such as (i) policies and strategies, (ii) acts, and (iii) regulations and guidelines. They are as follows: • Policies and strategies: (i) National Conservation Strategy 1988 (ii) Nepal Environmental Policy and Action Plan 1993 (iii) Master Plan for Forestry Sector 1989 – 2010 (iv) Environmental Assessment in Road Sector of Nepal 2000 (v) Nepal Biodiversity Strategy 2002 (vi) Protected Areas Acts, Regulations and Policies (vii) Wetland policy, wildlife farming policy, infrastructure development policy (viii) Wildlife victims compensation policy • Acts: • Soil Conservation and Watershed Act 1982 • National Parks and Wildlife Conservation Act 1973 and Amendment 1993 • Forestry Act 1992 and Amendment 1998 • Environmental Protection Act 1996 • Plant Protection Act 1997 • Export Import (Control) Act 1961 • Customs Act 2007 • Regulations and guidelines 1. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Guidelines for Forestry Sector 1995 2. Buffer Zone Regulation 1996 3. Environmental Protection Regulation 1997 Of all, two major strategies to be mentioned are Nepal Biodiversity Strategy, 2002 and Sustainable Community Development Programme. They concern with landscape based ecological conservation and protected areas in terms of local people/community participation, indigenous knowledge, institutional strengthening, capacity building, awareness, etc. − Nepal Biodiversity Strategy (NBS) - the Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation (MFSC) together with the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) has prepared for NBS in 2002 has mentioned the following cross-sectoral conservation strategies for ecosystem, species and genetic diversity management: − Landscape planning approach – dealing with protected areas − Institutional strengthening − Strengthening the National Biodiversity Unit − Indigenous and Local communities' knowledge and innovations A. Enhancing National Capacity building B. Biodiversity prospecting C. Women in biodiversity conservation D. Public Education and Awareness E. Biodiversity Integrating local participation F. In-situ conservation and Ex-situ conservation and Biotechnology G. Increase Support for Biodiversity Research and Conservation H. Cross-Sectoral Coordination and Implementation of Policies I. Intellectual Property and Farmers Property Rights J. Environmental Impact Assessment and Biodiversity Conservation K. Ecotourism − Sustainable Community Development Programme - SCDP under its Natural Resources Management Sector has aimed at the following objectives: − Create environment awareness among the poor for better use and management of natural resources, − Establish multi-purpose forest nurseries and plantations and to introduce alternative energy sources such as micro hydro-electricity, biogas and solar energy, and − Support community-based biodiversity conservation initiatives In order to achieve those objectives, the following activities are to be initiated: Restoring degraded land, community forest management, and multipurpose forest nurseries, Awareness through creating eco-clubs at schools Wetland conservation Promoting alternative energy and appropriate technology, and Training and capacity building for environment management Besides, Nepal has signed various international conventions and treaties related to the conservation of biodiversity and forests. Recently, Nepal together with India and Bhutan is moving forward through a transformational program called the ‘Living Himalaya Initiatives’ (LHI). This program aims to ensure the effective management and conservation of natural and cultural heritage of the Himalayan region through the combined actions of the three governments of Nepal, India and Bhutan and to raise awareness about climate change globally (WWF 2011). Protected Area Systems, Nepal (CBS (2004), Handbook of Environment Statistics-2003) Area Protected areas No. coverage Names of the National Parks km² % • National Parks 10 10,853 31.7 Chitwan, Bardia, Sagarmatha, Langtang, Shey Phoksundo, Rara, Khaptad, Makalu Barun, Shivapuri Nagarjun, and Banke • Wildlife 3 979 2.9 Suklaphānta, Parsa, and Koshi Tappu Reserves • Conservation 6 15,426 45.1 Annapurna, Manaslu, Kanchenjunga, Areas Apinappa, Gaurishankar, and Krishnasar CA (Blackbuck – Antilope cervicapra) • Buffer Zones 12 5,603 16.4 • Hunting Reserve 1 1,325 3.9 Dhorpatan Total 32 34,186 100.0 23.23% of Nepal’s area. Ramsar Sites Beeshazar Tal, Ghodaghodi Tal, Jagdishpur Reserviour, Gosainkunda, Phoksundo Lake, and Mai Pokhari In recognition of the magnitude of biodiversity the Government of Nepal has established a network of 32 protected areas since 1973, consisting of 10 national parks, 3 wildlife reserves, 6 conservation areas, 1 hunting reserve, and 12 buffer zones (Table 2). Additionally, three Ramsar sites were declared in 2003. The buffer zone concept was conceived for the first time in 1996 for the Chitwan National Park, primarily to resolve the park and people conflicts. Size of the Protected Areas (CBS (2004), Handbook of Environment Statistics-2003) Protected Areas: National Area (km²) Declared Date Park/Wildlife Reserve PA BZ Total Protected Area Buffer Zone • Chitwan NP 932.0 750.0 1682.0 1973-09-20 1996-12-02 • Langtang NP 1710.0 420.0 2130.0 1976-03-22 1998-04-27 • Sagarmatha NP 1148.0 275.0 1423.0 1976-07-19 2002-01-01 • Rara NP 106.0 198.0 304.0 1977-08-08 2006-09-25 • Shey Phoksundo NP 3555.0 1349.0 4904.0 1984-08-06 1998-10-19 • Khaptad NP 225.0 216.0 441.0 1986-06-23 2006-10-30 • Bardia NP 968.0 507.0 1475.0 1988-12-05 1996-12-02 • Makalu Barun NP 1500.0 830.0 2330.0 1991-11-18 1999-02-08 • Shivapuri Nagarjun NP 159.0 - 159.0 2002-02-18 - • Banke 550.0 343.0 893.0 2010-07-12 2010-07-12 • Suklaphānta WR 305.0 243.5 548.5 1976-07-19 2004-05-22 • Koshi Tappu WR 175.0 173.0 348.0 1980-02-25 2004-08-30 • Parsa WR 499.0 298.17 797.7 1984-05-21 2005-06-27 Total 11832.0 5602.7 17434.7 Per cent 67.9 32.1 100.0 Notes: PA = Protected Areas; NP = National Park; WR = Wildlife Reserve. The protected areas having vast depository of invaluable biodiversity constitute 23.23% of the country’s total area. The buffer zone of 12 national parks and wildlife reserves make up 32.1%. There are 12 Buffer Zone Management Committees (BZMC) for the operation and maintenance of buffer zones. The BZMC receives 50 of the total revenue being generated from own national park or wildlife reserve. There are altogether 206 User Committees and 4,093 User Groups in the buffer zones. The following are the features of the buffer zone: − The income of the community forest is largely based on eco-tourism and fund provided by the BZMC − In the recent years, the trend of BZCF formation seems similar to normal community forestry user group − This dependency on forest and other natural resources has increased along with several broader issues. Some of the critical examples of wide issues associated with broader and longer conservation and the sustainable livelihood. − The buffer zone area comprises 27 districts, 83 VDCs and 0.7 million population. Annex 3: Distribution of Land use Categories by Koshi Hill District (1986, 1996 and 2000) Arable Forest Shrub Grassland Others District 1986 1996 2000 1986 1996 2000 1986 1996 2000 1986 1996 1986 1996 2000 Bhojpur 65,087 74,634 64,728 70,085 64,763 59,738 8,088 5,867 21,599 7,368 3,572 1,697 3,490 20,760 Dhankuta 46,765 50,429 46,052 30,440 29,340 25,603 6,333 4,694 14,198 3,974 2,871 2,341 2,520 1,494 San_asabha 50,195 59,088 69,385 137,541 127,518 155,486 42,854 48,097 47,148 44,081 11,144 72,225 101,049 63,728 Terhathum 37,355 35,536 33,960 21,301 24,297 19,484 3,266 3,288 12,147 3,831 3,131 1,287 787 606 Total 199,403 219,688 214,126 259,366 245,918 260,311 60,541 61,946 95,091 59,254 20,718 77,550 107,846 86,588 Total District 1986 1996 2000 Note: Area in hectare (ha); *No category of grassland with the 2000 land Bhojpur 152,325 152,326 166,825 use category. Dhankuta 89,854 89,854 87,347 Source: LRMP 1986; Department of Survey (DoS), 1996; JAFTA 2001. Sankhuwasabha 346,896 346,896 335,747 Terhathum 67,040 67,040 66,197 Total 656,115 656,116 656,116 6 Annex 4: Percentile Distribution of Land use Categories by Koshi Hill District (1986, 1996 and 2000) Land use Bhojpur Dhankuta Sankhuwasabha Terhathum Total categories 1986 1996 2000 1986 1996 2000 1986 1996 2000 1986 1996 2000 1986 1996 2000 Arable 42.7 49.0 38.8 52.0 56.1 52.7 14.5 17.0 20.7 55.7 53.0 51.3 30.4 33.5 32.6 Forest <.0 42.5 35.8 33.9 32.7 29.3 39.6 36.8 46.3 31.8 36.2 29.4 39.5 37.5 39.7 Shrub 5.3 3.9 12.9 7.0 5.2 16.3 12.4 13.9 14.0 4.9 4.9 18.3 9.2 9.4 14.5 Grassland 4.8 2.3 ∗ 4.4 3.2 ∗ 12.7 3.2 ∗ 5.7 4.7 0.0 9.0 3.2 ∗ Others 1.1 2.3 12.4 2.6 2.8 1.7 20.8 29.1 19.0 1.9 1.2 0.9 11.8 16.4 13.2 ∗ No category of grassland by 2000 classification of land use.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • NEPAL: Preparing the Secondary Towns Integrated Urban
    Technical Assistance Consultant’s Report Project Number: 36188 November 2008 NEPAL: Preparing the Secondary Towns Integrated Urban Environmental Improvement Project (Financed by the: Japan Special Fund and the Netherlands Trust Fund for the Water Financing Partnership Facility) Prepared by: Padeco Co. Ltd. in association with Metcon Consultants, Nepal Tokyo, Japan For Department of Urban Development and Building Construction This consultant’s report does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB or the Government concerned, and ADB and the Government cannot be held liable for its contents. (For project preparatory technical assistance: All the views expressed herein may not be incorporated into the proposed project’s design. TA 7182-NEP PREPARING THE SECONDARY TOWNS INTEGRATED URBAN ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENT PROJECT Volume 1: MAIN REPORT in association with KNOWLEDGE SUMMARY 1 The Government and the Asian Development Bank agreed to prepare the Secondary Towns Integrated Urban Environmental Improvement Project (STIUEIP). They agreed that STIUEIP should support the goal of improved quality of life and higher economic growth in secondary towns of Nepal. The outcome of the project preparation work is a report in 19 volumes. 2 This first volume explains the rationale for the project and the selection of three towns for the project. The rationale for STIUEIP is the rapid growth of towns outside the Kathmandu valley, the service deficiencies in these towns, the deteriorating environment in them, especially the larger urban ones, the importance of urban centers to promote development in the regions of Nepal, and the Government’s commitments to devolution and inclusive development. 3 STIUEIP will support the objectives of the National Urban Policy: to develop regional economic centres, to create clean, safe and developed urban environments, and to improve urban management capacity.
    [Show full text]
  • Field Report on the Preliminary Feasibility Study
    Field report on the Preliminary Feasibility Study On Walking Trees along Lifezone Ecotones in Barun Valley, Nepal (A pilot project to develop key indicators for monitoring Biomeridians - Climate Response through Information & Local Engagement) Report Prepared By: The East Foundation (TEF), Sankhuwasabha, Nepal and Future Generations University, Franklin, WV, USA Submitted to Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation Babar Mahal, Kathmandu June 2018 1 Table of Contents Contents Page No. 1. Background ........................................................................................................................................... 4 2. Rationale ............................................................................................................................................... 5 3. Study Methodology ............................................................................................................................... 6 3.1 Contextual Framework ...................................................................................................................... 7 3.2 Study Area Description ..................................................................................................................... 9 3.3 Experimental Design and Data Collection Methodology ............................................................... 12 4. Study Findings .................................................................................................................................... 13 4.1 Geographic Summary
    [Show full text]
  • Traditional Phytotherapy of Some Medicinal Plants Used by Tharu and Magar Communities of Western Nepal, Against Dermatological D
    TRADITIONAL PHYTOTHERAPY OF SOME MEDICINAL PLANTS USED BY THARU AND MAGAR COMMUNITIES OF WESTERN NEPAL, AGAINST DERMATOLOGICAL DISORDERS Anant Gopal Singh* and Jaya Prakash Hamal** *'HSDUWPHQWRI%RWDQ\%XWZDO0XOWLSOH&DPSXV%XWZDO7ULEKXYDQ8QLYHUVLW\1HSDO ** 'HSDUWPHQWRI%RWDQ\$PULW6FLHQFH&DPSXV7ULEKXYDQ8QLYHUVLW\.DWKPDQGX1HSDO Abstract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¿HOGWULSV$WRWDORISODQWVSHFLHVRIIDPLOLHVDUHGRFXPHQWHGLQ WKLVVWXG\7KHPHGLFLQDOSODQWVXVHGLQWKHWUHDWPHQWRIVNLQGLVHDVHVE\WULEDO¶VDUHOLVWHGZLWKERWDQLFDOQDPH LQ ELQRPLDOIRUP IDPLO\ORFDOQDPHVKDELWDYDLODELOLW\SDUWVXVHGDQGPRGHRISUHSDUDWLRQ7KLVVWXG\VKRZHGWKDW PDQ\SHRSOHLQWKHVWXGLHGSDUWVRI5XSDQGHKLGLVWULFWFRQWLQXHWRGHSHQGRQWKHPHGLFLQDOSODQWVDWOHDVWIRUWKH WUHDWPHQWRISULPDU\KHDOWKFDUH Keywords 7KDUX DQG 0DJDU WULEHV7UDGLWLRQDO NQRZOHGJH 'HUPDWRORJLFDO GLVRUGHUV 0HGLFLQDO SODQWV:HVWHUQ 1HSDO INTRODUCTION fast disappearing due to modernization and the tendency to discard their traditional life style and gradual 7KH NQRZOHGJH
    [Show full text]
  • DREF Final Report Nepal: Earthquake
    DREF Final Report Nepal: Earthquake DREF operation n° MDRNP005 GLIDE n° EQ-2011-000136-NPL Final report 11 July 2012 The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent (IFRC) Disaster Relief Emergency Fund (DREF) is a source of un-earmarked money created by the Federation in 1985 to ensure that immediate financial support is available for Red Cross and Red Crescent emergency response. The DREF is a vital part of the International Federation’s disaster response system and increases the ability of National Societies to respond to disasters. Summary: On 21 September 2011, CHF 172,417 was allocated from the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies’ (IFRC) Disaster Relief Emergency Fund (DREF) to support Nepal Red Cross Society (NRCS) to conduct rapid assessments and deliver immediate assistance to some 1,500 families in five districts affected by the earthquake which occurred on 18 September. A further allocation from DREF was approved for an additional CHF 263,762 to scale up the relief distributions to an additional 2,000 families in an additional seven districts and support the volunteer mobilization and transport costs to enable relief teams and goods to each people affected in very remote areas. The total budget Affected people receiving non-food relief items from NRCS has become CHF 436,179 for serving 3,500 in Tehrathum district. Photo: NRCS. families (21,000 beneficiaries). The Belgian Red Cross and government, the Netherlands Red Cross and government, the Canadian government and the European Commission Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection (ECHO) have replenished the DREF for this allocation.
    [Show full text]
  • Survey on the Socio-Economic Impact of COVID-19 on Returnee Migrant Women Workers in Nepal
    Survey on the Socio-economic Impact of COVID-19 on Returnee Migrant Women Workers in Nepal In collaboration with: Survey on the Socio-economic Impact of COVID-19 on Returnee Migrant Women Workers in Nepal Survey on the Socio-economic Impact of COVID-19 on Returnee Migrant Women Workers in Nepal Acknowledgements WOREC appreciate the cooperation and responses of the returnee women migrant workers and women migrant workers during the survey. This survey report on the socio-economic impacts of COVID-19 on Nepali women migrant workers would not have been possible without their kind cooperation. We would also thank the technical assistance and collaboration of GAATW (Global Alliance Against Traffic in Women) in the entire process of this important survey. Despite of the adverse COVID-19 pandemic, WOREC district coordinators/facilitators from Dang, Kailali, Morang and Udaypur played an important role to connect our surveyor with the survey respondents. Our appreciation of their effort goes to them as well as colleagues of Action Aid-Nepal office for their cooperation in identifying survey respondents from Doti and Terathum. Shristi Kolakshyapati’s relentless overseeing this survey process from its inception till completion is commendable. Inputs from Sandhya Sitoula of ILO-Nepal was well received to finalize the report. Table of Contents List of Tables V Executive Summary VI Chapter 1: Overview of Study 1 1.1 Background 1 1.2 Hypothesis 3 1.3 Methodology: 3 1.4 Limitations of Survey 7 Chapter 2: Demographic Findings of Survey Respondents 10
    [Show full text]
  • ZSL National Red List of Nepal's Birds Volume 5
    The Status of Nepal's Birds: The National Red List Series Volume 5 Published by: The Zoological Society of London, Regent’s Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK Copyright: ©Zoological Society of London and Contributors 2016. All Rights reserved. The use and reproduction of any part of this publication is welcomed for non-commercial purposes only, provided that the source is acknowledged. ISBN: 978-0-900881-75-6 Citation: Inskipp C., Baral H. S., Phuyal S., Bhatt T. R., Khatiwada M., Inskipp, T, Khatiwada A., Gurung S., Singh P. B., Murray L., Poudyal L. and Amin R. (2016) The status of Nepal's Birds: The national red list series. Zoological Society of London, UK. Keywords: Nepal, biodiversity, threatened species, conservation, birds, Red List. Front Cover Back Cover Otus bakkamoena Aceros nipalensis A pair of Collared Scops Owls; owls are A pair of Rufous-necked Hornbills; species highly threatened especially by persecution Hodgson first described for science Raj Man Singh / Brian Hodgson and sadly now extinct in Nepal. Raj Man Singh / Brian Hodgson The designation of geographical entities in this book, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of participating organizations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of any participating organizations. Notes on front and back cover design: The watercolours reproduced on the covers and within this book are taken from the notebooks of Brian Houghton Hodgson (1800-1894).
    [Show full text]
  • Raja Rani-6 No
    Environmental Assessment Document Initial Environmental Examination Grant Number: 0093 NEP September 2010 Nepal: Rural Reconstruction and Rehabilitation Sector Development Program Raja Rani-6 no. Budhabare Rural Road Subproject, Dhankuta District Prepared by the Government of Nepal The Environmental Assessment is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Government of Nepal Ministry of Local Development Department of Local Infrastructure Development and Agricultural Roads Rural Reconstruction and Rehabilitation Sector Development Program [ADB Grant 0093 NEP] Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) of Raja Rani – 6 no. Budhabare Rural Road, Dhankuta Submitted to: Ministry of Local Development Government of Nepal Proponent: District Development Committee/ District Technical Office Dhankuta District September, 2010 Prepared by: District Implementation Support Team (DIST) EastConsult (P.) Ltd. JV with B.N. Consultancy (P.) Ltd., SITARA & PARD Consult (P.) Ltd. Raja Rani – 6 no. Budhabare Rural Road Sub project Final Report TABLE OF CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS NAME AND ADDRESS OF THE PROPONENT i EXECUTIVE SUMMARY IN NEPALI ii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY IN ENGLISH v 1.0 Introduction 1 1.1 Background ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 The Name and Address of Proponent ..............................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • District Transport Master Plan (DTMP)
    Government of Nepal District Transport Master Plan (DTMP) Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development Department of Local Infrastructure Development and Agricultural Roads (DOLIDAR) District Development Committee, Morang February 2013 Prepared by the District Technical Office (DTO) for Morang with Technical Assistance from the Department of Local Infrastructure and Agricultural Roads (DOLIDAR), Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development and grant supported by DFID i FOREWORD It is my great pleasure to introduce this District Transport Master Plan (DTMP) of Morang district especially for district road core network (DRCN). I believe that this document will be helpful in backstopping to Rural Transport Infrastructure Sector Wide Approach (RTI SWAp) through sustainable planning, resources mobilization, implementation and monitoring of the rural road sub-sector development. The document is anticipated to generate substantial employment opportunities for rural people through increased and reliable accessibility in on- farm and off-farm livelihood diversification, commercialization and industrialization of agriculture sector. In this context, rural road sector will play a fundamental role to strengthen and promote overall economic growth of this district through established and improved year round transport services reinforcing intra and inter-district linkages . Therefore, it is most crucial in executing rural road networks in a planned way as per the District Transport Master Plan (DTMP) by considering the framework of available resources in DDC comprising both internal and external sources. Viewing these aspects, DDC Morang has prepared the DTMP by focusing most of the available resources into upgrading and maintenance of the existing road networks. This document is also been assumed to be helpful to show the district road situations to the donor agencies through central government towards generating needy resources through basket fund approach.
    [Show full text]
  • Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA)
    E4727 REV ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK (ESMF) FOR Public Disclosure Authorized POWER SECTOR REFORM AND SUSTAINABLE HYDROPOWER DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (PSRSHDP) Public Disclosure Authorized Water and Energy Commission Secretariat (WECS) And Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA) Nepal Public Disclosure Authorized January, 2015 Public Disclosure Authorized Revised April, 2015 ESMF for PSRSHDP 1 Contact Information Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA) Contact: Mukesh R. Kafle Title: Managing Director Telephone No.: 977-1-4153007 Email: [email protected] Water and Energy Commission Secretariat (WECS) Contact: Gajendra K. Thakur Title: Secretary Telephone No.: 977 1 4211416 Email: [email protected] ESMF for PSRSHDP 2 Table of Contents A. Background ................................................................................................................................. 4 B. Brief Project Description ............................................................................................................ 4 C. Environmental and Social Compliance Requirements ................................................................ 5 D. Environmental and Social Issues of the identified investment projects to be prepared under Component A ...................................................................................................................................... 6 D1. Upper Arun and Ikhuwa Khola Hydropower Projects .............................................................. 6 E. List and Scope of Studies and Safeguard Instruments
    [Show full text]
  • Water Power: Controversies on Development and Modernity Around the Arun-3 Hydropower Project in Nepal
    Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2014 Water power: controversies on development and modernity around the Arun-3 hydropower project in Nepal Rest, Matthäus Abstract: Since 25 years, the construction of the Arun-3 Hydropower project has been accompanied by controversies on local, national as well as transnational levels. By focusing on these discourses, this dissertation contributes towards recent debates on development and modernity. The social scientific literature on hydropower projects is predominantly occupied with “local” populations, their resistance and interaction with transnational civil society networks and institutions. Arun-3 gained prominence in these discussions when it was brought before the newly established Word Bank Inspection Panel by a group of activists from Kathmandu. Whereas the ensuing cancellation of the project was often quoted as an example of successful resistance, the people in the Arun valley were disappointed by the subsequent building freeze as they had hoped to profit from wage labour and the access road. After the end of thecivil war and the simultaneous economic rise of the country’s neighbours China and India we can now witness an intensified interest in Nepal’s strategic water resources. In spring 2008 the government announced the resumption of Arun-3 through SJVN, a state-owned Indian energy corporation. The memorandum of understanding allocates nearly 80% of the produced electricity to SJVN and therefore adds another line of conflict to the multi-layered discussion. This multi-sited ethnography shows the decisive arguments and interests that emerge in the twisted tale of this unconstructed dam.
    [Show full text]
  • KANCHENJUNGA to MAKALU GHT TREK NEPAL 2015 PART 1 I Have
    KANCHENJUNGA TO MAKALU GHT TREK NEPAL 2015 PART 1 I have sought to immerse myself in the serenity and beauty of mountains for most of my life, having explored and climbed much of SE Alaska, British Columbia and the Washington Cascades, then almost 30 years ago the Peruvian Andes. My children and I have shared many adventures in the cascades, and Glacier Bay, Alaskan mountains, which upon reflection bring such great memories. For many years there was still this draw within me to see the highest mountain range in the world, the Himalayas, but in the less traveled sections. Now that I was approaching 70, I knew there wasn’t much time left in the aging process to challenge myself with a long trek while still in shape. I was conditioned, but beginning to feel the aches and pains of an athletic life when younger, including several accidents. I had a new spring to my step when 64, after a knee replacement that gave me the freedom to hike and climb again pain free. I began researching areas for this journey in late 2014, desiring to experience the last remaining wild and remote regions of Nepalese Himalayan forest and mountains known left located in Eastern Nepal. There was a newly opened mountain route where few westerners have traveled that completed the Great Himalayan Trail in its remote eastern section. The rough trail leads through a sparsely populated wilderness between the world’s third highest peak Kanchenjunga, and Makalu, the world’s fifth highest just to the east of Everest. The route would take a week ascending steep trails before entering the Kanchenjunga Conservation area where we would explore Kanchenjunga base camp.
    [Show full text]
  • F OCHA Nepal Situation Overview
    F OCHA Nepal Situation Overview Issue No. 8 / October Kathmandu, 7 November 2006 Highlights: • Two rounds of CPN-Maoist-SPA talks take place; public optimism about the peace process remains generally high; four experts for UN‘s peace keeping mission arrive • Continuing ceasefire allows tens of thousands of Nepalis travel home during the annual festival season • New Nepal representative for OHCHR appointed • CPN-Maoist makes increasing demands for ”coordination‘ with I/NGOs programmes • Malarial outbreak in Mid West • Drought leads to a sharp decline in summer crops output • IASC-Nepal decides to prepare a joint humanitarian appeal for 2007 THE CONTEXT government has announced a reciprocal ceasefire for an indefinite period. Politics and Major Developments For the first time in years, the government-CPN-Maoist Despite the ceasefire, however, the CPN-Maoist and its ceasefire extended right through the festival season, Dashain breakaway TJMM continued to engage in violent clashes; in the and Tihar. The discussions on peace talks between the Seven Eastern district of Saptari two TJMM cadres were reportedly Party Alliance (SPA) and CPN-Maoist started on 8 October. killed and five others injured on 18 October. However, the two The second round of official talks was held on 15 October. The sides made conflicting claims about the casualty figures, each two sides, however, continued to hold informal dialogue at insisting that it had inflicted more damages on the other. SPA various levels right through the reporting period and the public members continue to make claims of routine violations of the optimism about the peace process remained largely high.
    [Show full text]