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Sine Bars, Blocks, Plates, and Fixtures

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Sine Bars, Blocks, Plates, and Fixtures » hook not to w Standards ' ot ' • National Bureau . ~ \ ^ . 1 . I I* i^iii IfwICll iili JUL 2 2 1947 SINE BARS, BLOCKS, PLATES, AND FIXTURES COMMERCIAL STANDARD CS141-47 Effective Dale for New Production From August 15, 1947 A RECORDED VOLUNTARY STANDARD OF THE TRADE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE W. AVERELL HARRIMAN, Secretary For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office Washington 25, D. C. - Price 5 cents COMMERCIAL STANDARDS Commercial Standards are voluntary standards of the trade devel- oped through concerted action of those directly concerned, and issued by the United States Department of Commerce upon written evidence of their acceptability to the trade. They are initiated by written request from a responsible element of business to the Division of Trade Standards of the National Bureau of Standards. The Division of Trade Standards acts as a coordinating and fact-finding agency in ascertaining the desires of all concerned. The Federal Government exercises no regulatory authority in the enforcement of Commercial Standards. In accepting a Commercial Standard, the producer, distributor, or user says in effect that he considers it a useful standard of practice, and plans to utilize it as far as practicable in his business, reserving the right to depart from the standard so long as no deception results from such departure. When reference to a Commercial Standard is made in contracts, labels, invoices, or advertising literature, however, the provisions of the standard are enforcible through usual legal channels as a part of the sales contract. Organized in 1927, the Division of Trade Standards has assisted many industries in the development of Commercial Standards for a wide variety of commodities. A list of previously established Com- mercial Standards appears herein. COMMERCIAL STANDARD FOR SINE BARS, BLOCKS, PLATES, AND FIXTURES On August 10, 1945, at the instance of the War Production Board, a proposed Commercial Standard for Sine Bars, Blocks, Plates, and Fixtures was circulated to leading representatives of the trade for comment. A draft adjusted in line v/ith that comment was made available to the War Production Board. Following surrender of the Axis powers, and upon recommendation of leading manufacturers and users, the adjusted draft was circulated to interested producers, distributors, testing laboratories, and users for written acceptance on January 28, 1946. The trade has since accepted and approved the standard as shown herein. Project Manager: F. E. Powell, assisted by P. S. Murphy, Divi- sion of Trade Standards, National Bureau of Standards. Technical Advisers: D. R. Miller and C. E. Haven, Division of Metrology, National Bureau of Standards. II SINE BARS, BLOCKS, PLATES, AND FIXTURES COMMERCIAL STANDARD CS141-47 PURPOSE 1 . The purpose of this commercial standard is to provide minimum essential requirements for sine bars, blocks, plates, and fixtures de- scribed herein, as a basis for better understanding between sellers and buyers, for fair competition, and for identification of sine bars, blocks, plates, and fixtures conforming thereto. SCOPE 2. This standard covers the major essential requirements for sine bars, sine blocks and sine plates, sine bar fixtures and sine plate fix- tures, in the following classifications and with particular reference to the following sizes: (a) Sine bars, commercial and laboratory classifications, in sizes 5 in., 10 in., and 20 in. (b) Sine blocks and sine plates, commercial and laboratory classifications in sizes 5 in., 10 in., and 20 in. (c) Sine bar fixtures and sine plate fixtures, commercial and laboratory classifications, in sizes 5 in., 10 in., and 20 in. DEFINITIONS 3. Sine bar . —For purposes of this standard, a sine bar consists es- sentially of a bar serving as a straightedge and two cylindrical buttons mounted thereon with their axes parallel and at a specified distance apart, and with the line of the button centers accurately parallel to the upper face (and lower face, if a reference surface) of the bar. Sine bars permit accurate measurement and layout of angular rela- tionships through use of the sine function. In determining a specific angle, the known distance between button axes becomes the hypote- nuse of a right triangle, and the height of leg opposite the angle being determined, is measured by gage blocks or similar accurate means. 4. Sine block, sine plate.—For purposes of this standard, a sine block or sine plate consists essentially of a block or plate providing reference surfaces, with two cylinders attached to the block or plate and so disposed as to provide for measurement of angles in the same manner as with a sine bar. Facilities for attachment of accessories or work pieces to the several surfaces of the block or plate, or short extensions (heels) constituting the legs of a right angle iron or both, are customarily provided. 736299—47 1 2 Commercial Standard CSlJi,l-Ji7 5. Sine bar fixture.-—For purposes of this standard, a sine bar fixture consists essentially of a sine bar, a fiat surfaced base, and means for adjusting and holding the sine bar in accurate relation to the surface of the base. 6. Sine plate fixture.-—For purposes of this standard, a sine plate fixture consists essentially of a sine block or plate and a base with the reference areas of its upper and lower surfaces plane and parallel. The plate is usually binged to the base at one end. Sine plate fixtures may be of the compound type with provision for angular adjustment in two planes. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 7. Material. 7a. Tool steel.—For purposes of this standard, tool steel means a high quality electric furnace, alloy steel, alloy case hardening steel, alloy tool steel, carbon tool steel, or steel of composition corresponding to SAE No. 1020 suitably case hardened, free from all imperfections which might mar the finished surface of the product. 7b. Cast iron.-—For purposes of this standard, cast iron shall be a suitable grade of fine-grained grey iron, free from inclusions, sand holes, and porosity that might in any way affect the finish, accuracy, or usefulness of the tool. 8. Seasoning {dimensional stabilizing).—For purposes of this stand- ard, to minimize dimensional changes after finishing, dimensional stabilizing shall include an appropriate treatment for the aging of cast iron and tool steel. 9. Finish. —All sharp edges and corners shall be removed. For purposes of this standard, requirements of the following designations for surface finish apply: 9a. Scraped.-—A scraped surface shall be hand-scraped so that the surface defined by the bearing areas will not vary from a true plane by an amount greater than the applicable flatness tolerance herein specified. The number of bearing areas or of scraped relief spots (in lapped or ground surfaces) shall be not less than 15 per square inch. Bearing area shall be uniformly distributed and shall be not less than 20 percent nor more than 40 percent of the area of the surface, except that on high-precision surfaces for special requirements and having more than 15 bearing areas per square inch, a greater percentage of bearing area may be allowed. 9b. Ground.—All surfaces having a ground finish, shall be smooth, and free from objectionable defects such as chatter, tool marks, irregular wheel marks, burning, cracks, or scratches. 9c. Lapped.—A lapped surface shall be finished to give a uniformly fiat or cylindrical surface, smooth and free from all traces of machining or grinding, and shall show no evidence of objectionable scratching. DETAIL REQUIREMENTS SINE BARS 10. Types.—Sine bars are manufactured in two types, side button and base button, corresponding to the positioning of the buttons on the side of the bar or on the under surface of the bar. — . Sine Bars^ Blocks^ Plates^ and Fixtures 3 11. Sizes.—Specific sizes of sine bars covered by this standard are 5 in., 10 in., and 20 in., center to center of buttons, as shown in tables 1 and 2. (See par. 16.) 12. Classifications.—Sine bars are provided in (1) commercial and (2) laboratory classifications. 12a. Commercial.—For the purpose of this standard, commercial class sine bars are those conforming to the tolerances shown in table 1 12b. Laboratory.—For the purpose of this standard, laboratory class sine bars are those conforming to the tolerances shown in table 2. 13. Construction.—The buttons attached to the side or to the under surface of the bar shall be ground and lapped to the same size. The side faces of the bar shall be ground square with the working face or faces which may be ground or ground and lapped as specified. 14. Material.—Sine bars shall be tool steel, hardened, drawn and seasoned. (See par. 7a.) 15. Hardness.—Sine bar buttons shall have a Rockwell hardness of C62-66 or equivalent surface hardness, and the bar shall have a Rockwell hardness of C60-65 or equivalent surface hardness. 16. Accuracy.—A sine bar shall conform in all respects to the accuracy requirements of its classification and size, tables 1 and 2. (For sizes smaller than 5 in., tolerances for the 5-in. size of the desig- nated class shall apply. For sizes above 5 in.—other than 10 in. and 20 in.—applicable tolerances shall be obtained by straight-line inter- polation between the values in tables 1 and 2 or by extrapolation on the straight lines determined by the 10-in. and 20-in. values in tables 1 and 2. 16a. Bar tolerances.—Errors in fiatness of the working face or faces of the bar, in squareness of working face to sides of bar, and in parallel- ism of working faces (if double, that is, if upper and lower working faces are provided) shall not exceed the tolerances specified in column 2 of tables 1 and 2 for commercial and laboratory classifications, respectively.
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