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The Eupariini (Coleoptera, Aphodiidae) of Portugal, Including the First Record of Ataenius Spretulus (Haldeman, 1848) from Outside North America

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The Eupariini (Coleoptera, Aphodiidae) of Portugal, Including the First Record of Ataenius Spretulus (Haldeman, 1848) from Outside North America Boletín de la Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa (S.E.A.), nº 49 (31/12/2011): 145‒148. THE EUPARIINI (COLEOPTERA, APHODIIDAE) OF PORTUGAL, INCLUDING THE FIRST RECORD OF ATAENIUS SPRETULUS (HALDEMAN, 1848) FROM OUTSIDE NORTH AMERICA Tristão Branco Rua de Camões, 788, 2º Dto, P-4000-142 Porto, Portugal ‒ [email protected] Abstract: Ataenius spretulus (Haldeman, 1848) is recorded for the first time from Portugal. Data on the Portuguese population of Parataenius simulator (Harold, 1868) are updated. The Eupariini purportedly introduced to Europe are briefly reviewed. Key words: Coleoptera, Aphodiidae, Eupariini, Portugal, Parataenius simulator (Harold, 1868), Ataenius spretulus (Haldeman, 1848). Los Eupariini (Coleoptera, Aphodiidae) de Portugal, incluyendo el primer registro de Ataenius spretulus (Haldeman, 1848) fuera de Norteamérica Resumen: Ataenius spretulus (Haldeman, 1848) ha sido registrado por primera vez en Portugal. Se actualizan los datos portu- gueses sobre las poblaciones de Parataenius simulator (Harold, 1868), revisando asimismo las especies de Eupariini supues- tamente introducidas en Europa. Palabras clave: Coleoptera, Aphodiidae, Eupariini, Parataenius simulator (Harold, 1868), Ataenius spretulus (Haldeman, 1848), Portugal. 1. Introduction The motivation for this note is the recent discovery in Portu- Saprosites punctatus Richards, 1959, from Remuera, Auc- gal, by António Zuzarte, of a population of Ataenius spretulus kland, New Zealand. Its transfer to the genus Saprosites Red- (Haldeman, 1848), a species here recorded for the first time tenbacher, 1858 was proposed by Blackburn (1904). Stebnic- from outside North America. ka & Howden (1996) recorded it from southeastern Australia A word of explanation on the Azores and Madeira (New South Wales and Victoria), from Tasmania, and from seems necessary. Macaronesian islands, often considered as the urban area of Auckland, New Zealand. In 1921 two spe- a biogeographic subregion of the Palaearctic, comprising the cimens were found in the Arundel Park, West Sussex, Great European archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira, and the Britain (Tottenham, 1921). The presence there of a permanent North African archipelagos of the Canary and Cape Verde, population was confirmed a few years later (Tottenham, have a fauna with little relation to the European one. For that 1930). reason, for the purpose of this note, I do not include the Por- Saprosites natalensis (Péringuey, 1901) was described, tuguese archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira in either as Pleurophorus natalensis, from Estcourt, KwaZulu-Natal, Portugal or Europe. South Africa. Its transfer to the genus Saprosites Redtenba- Except for Ataenius horticola Harold, 1869, whose dis- cher, 1858 was proposed by Pittino & Mariani (1986). Angus tribution range extends into southeastern Europe, the other et al. (2003) reported the recent discovery of a population in five species of Eupariini Schmidt, 1910 so far recorded from Greater London, and for the first time reported the species Europe were to all verisimilitude introduced. A sixth species, from the Western Cape Province, South Africa as well as a Ataenius brevicollis (Wollaston, 1854), described from the specimen in the Natural History Museum, London, labelled Portuguese island of Madeira, was listed by Stebnicka (2006; “S. Australia”. In view of its affinities with Saprosites men- 2007a) from Portugal. As far as I can ascertain, Ataenius dax, Angus et al. (2003) suggested that Saprosites natalensis brevicollis has never been recorded from continental Portugal could be an Australian species, rather than South African, and should be deleted from its fauna. introduced to both South Africa and Great-Britain. However, Three of the introduced species were so far known to Stebnicka & Howden (1996) did not report natalensis from have established permanent populations in Europe, Saprosites Australia. mendax (Blackburn, 1892) and Saprosites natalensis (Périn- guey, 1901) in Great-Britain (Angus et al., 2003), and Para- Saprosites peregrinus Redtenbacher, 1858 was descri- taenius simulator (Harold, 1868) in Portugal (Chalumeau, bed from Schönbrunn, Vienna, Austria, where according to 1992). As explained below, a fourth species, Ataenius spretu- Redtenbacher (1858) it «kommt öfters in grosser Menge in lus (Haldeman, 1848), must now be added to that list. dem Orchideen-Hause von Schönbrunn vor» [occurred often in great numbers in the orchid greenhouses of Schönbrunn]. In spite of that, peregrinus does not seem to have ever esta- 2. Brief review of the Eupariini introduced in Euro- blished a permanent population there, and it is not listed either pean countries other than Portugal by Machatschke (1969) or Krell & Fery (1992) as part of the Saprosites mendax (Blackburn, 1892) was described, as Atae- fauna of central Europe. Stebnicka (2001) recorded it from nius mendax, from Fern Gully, Victoria, Australia and, as Columbia and Costa Rica, and suggested that it could be 145 conspecific with the widespread Saprosites pygmaeus Harold, The Portuguese specimens are 3,4 – 4,9 mm long (mea- 1877. sured from the fore edge of the head to the tip of the elytra), and 1,5 – 2,2 mm wide. Externally the sexes can only be Ataenius simplicipes (Mulsant & Rey, 1870) was des- separated by the size and shape of the pygidium and the sixth cribed as Hexalus simplicipes. Its identity remains obscure. and fifth abdominal sternites, the sixth abdominal sternite Purportedly, it was described on a specimen collected in Lou- being shorter that either the pygidium and the fifth abdominal dun (Vienne, France) as suggested by Mulsant & Rey’s 1870 sternite in males, longer in females. Aedeagus. Fig. 1. statement «Cette espèce nous a été envoyée dans le temps par Parataenius simulator (Harold, 1868) is a widespread M. Cremière, de Loudun» [This species was sent to us at the species. It was described, as Ataenius simulator, from Men- time by M. Cremière, from Loudun], but d’Orbigny (1896) doza, Argentina, as Psammodius schwarzi Linell, 1896 from questioned the meaning of this assertion (see below). Paulian Jacksonville, Florida, USA, as Parataenius granuliceps Pe- & Baraud (1982) stated that a second specimen was found in trovitz, 1971 from Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, and, Marseille but gave no further details. Stebnicka (2006) listed as stated above, as Ataenius (Brancoataenius) lusitanicus it from the Neotropical region but the fact is that no other Paulian, 1979 from Foz-do-Neiva, Minho, Portugal. It has records are know of Ataenius simplicipes from either Europe also been recorded from Brazil, Chile, Uruguay, Bolivia, or anywhere else. Stebnicka (2007b), although listing Hexalus Venezuela, Mexico, and New Zealand. Stebnicka & Skelley Mulsant & Rey, 1870 as a synonym of Ataenius Harold, (2009) listed it also from Africa but I could not find any pu- 1867, did not include simplicipes in her work. In a footnote, blished record from that continent. d’Orbigny (1896) suggested that Hexalus simplicipes may be a synonym of Ataenius horticola Harold, 1869: «D’après la 3.2. Ataenius spretulus (Haldeman, 1848) description, l’Hexalus simplicipes Muls. ne paraît différer de António Zuzarte found the first two females of this species in l’Ataenius horticola que par la suture frontale à peine indiqu- 2007, in Aroeira (Almada, Estremadura) a recent urbanization ée au lieu d’être complètement invisible. Mulsant ne dit pas of an old farm, centred around 38º34'38"N-9º10'19"W, not far positivement que cet insecte ait été pris en France.» [Accor- from the coast and on sandy soil. He has since collected the ding with the description, Hexalus simplicipes Muls. does not species every year, in the same place, to a total now of 42 seem to differ from Ataenius horticola other than by the fron- specimens, as follows, all specimens were collected at light: 2 tal suture hardly indicated instead of entirely invisible. Mul- ♀ on 1.ix.2007; 2 ♀ on 18.vii.2008; 1 ♂ on 4.viii.2008; 4 ♂ sant does not say positively that this insect was taken in Fran- and 1 ♀ on 14.viii.2009; 1 ♂ and 3 ♀ on 9.ix.2009; 9 ♂ and ce.]. Clarification of the identity of Hexalus simplicipes requi- 16 ♀ on 26.vii.2010, and 1 ♂ and 2 ♀ on 25.viii.2010. This res the exam of the holotype, which, according to Paulian shows that a population of spretulus is established there. (1944), should be in the Muséum National d’Histoire Nature- These specimens are 4,8 – 5,6 mm long (measured from the lle, Paris. That, however, is beyond the scope of the present fore edge of the head to the tip of the elytra), and 2,0 – 2,3 note. mm wide. Aedeagus: Fig. 2. The species was described by Haldeman (1848), as Ap- hodius spretulus, from the “Middle States”, USA, and as 3. The Portuguese Eupariini Ataenius consors Fall, 1930 from “Massachusetts (Lawrence, 3.1. Parataenius simulator (Harold, 1868) Milton, Cambridge); New York (Peekskill); New Jersey; I found the first female in 1976, under dried-out cow dung, in Pennsylvania (Mt. Airy, Moore’s, Bucks Co.); District of a small pinewood on sandy soil, in Foz-do-Neiva, 41º36' Columbia; North Carolina (Highlands); Florida (Biscayne, 33"N-8º48'26"W (Viana do Castelo, Minho). Two years later Paradise Key); Tennessee (Madison); Missouri (St. Louis); I found a second female, some 31 km further south, in cow Arkansas (Hope); Louisiana (Winnfield, New Orleans); Kan- dung on sandy dunes in Azurara, 41º20'21"N-8º44'32"W sas (Lawrence, Argentine); New Mexico (Elba)”, USA (the (Vila do Conde, Douro Litoral). These two females were holotype is from Lawrence, Massachusetts). studied by Renaud Paulian who described them (Paulian, Ataenius falli Hinton, 1934 is an unnecessary replace- 1979) as the new subgenus and new species Ataenius (Bran- ment name for Fall’s consors to eliminate the homonymy coataenius) lusitanicus. with Ataenius consors Blackburn, 1904, unnecessary since In the years that follow I collected the species in rather the name spretulus (Haldeman, 1848) was available. large numbers in Azurara as well as in the nearby Areia, Ataenius spretulus is widespread in the USA.
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