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CHRISTIAN DOCTRINE and the OLD TESTAMENT GARY A. ANDERSON

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CHRISTIAN DOCTRINE and the OLD TESTAMENT GARY A. ANDERSON 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 CHRISTIAN DOCTRINE and the OLD TESTAMENT theology in the service of biblical exegesis GARY A. ANDERSON K Gary A. Anderson, Christian Doctrine and the Old Testament Baker Academic, a division of Baker Publishing Group, © 2017. Used by permission. _Anderson_ChristianDoctrineOldTestament_WT_jck.indd 1 1/3/17 10:03 AM © 2017 by Gary A. Anderson Published by Baker Academic a division of Baker Publishing Group P.O. Box 6287, Grand Rapids, MI 49516-6287 www.bakeracademic.com Printed in the United States of America All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means—for example, electronic, photocopy, recording—without the prior written permission of the publisher. The only exception is brief quotations in printed reviews. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is on file at the Library of Congress, Washing- ton, DC. ISBN 978-0-8010-9825-3 Except where otherwise noted, Scripture quotations are from the New Revised Standard Version of the Bible, copyright © 1989, by the Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America. Used by permission. All rights reserved. 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Gary A. Anderson, Christian Doctrine and the Old Testament Baker Academic, a division of Baker Publishing Group, © 2017. Used by permission. _Anderson_ChristianDoctrineOldTestament_WT_jck.indd 2 1/3/17 10:03 AM CONTENTS Acknowledgments v Abbreviations vii Introduction xi PART 1 “Who Is a God Like You?” 1. Apophatic Theology: The Transcendence of God and the Story of Nadab and Abihu 3 2. The Impassibility of God: Moses, Jonah, and the Theo-Drama of Intercessory Prayer 23 PART 2 “In the Beginning” 3. Creation: Creatio ex Nihilo and the Bible 41 4. Original Sin: The Fall of Humanity and the Golden Calf 59 5. Election: The Beloved Son in Genesis and the Gospels 75 PART 3 “The Word Became Flesh” 6. Christology: The Incarnation and the Temple 95 7. Mariology: The Mother of God and the Temple 121 8. Christology: Tobit as Righteous Sufferer 135 PART 4 “Conformed to the Image of His Son” 9. The Treasury of Merits: Faith and Works in the Biblical Tradition 153 10. Purgatory: Sanctification in This Life and the Next 185 Epilogue 205 Scripture and Other Ancient Writings Index 211 Author Index 215 Subject Index 218 iii Gary A. Anderson, Christian Doctrine and the Old Testament Baker Academic, a division of Baker Publishing Group, © 2017. Used by permission. _Anderson_ChristianDoctrineOldTestament_WT_jck.indd 3 1/3/17 10:03 AM ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The publisher and the author wish to thank the following sources for permis- sion to reuse previously published material: Chapter 1: “Apophatic Theology: The Transcendence of God and the Story of Nadab and Abihu,” originally appeared as “‘Through Those Who Are Near to Me, I Will Show Myself Holy’: Nadab and Abihu and Apo- phatic Theology,” in Catholic Biblical Quarterly 77, no. 1 (2015): 1–19. Used by permission of the Catholic Biblical Association of America. Chapter 2: “The Impassibility of God: Moses, Jonah, and the Theo-Drama of Intercessory Prayer,” originally appeared as “Moses and Jonah in Gethsemane,” in Seeking the Identity of Jesus: A Pilgrimage, edited by Beverly Roberts Gaventa and Richard B. Hays (Grand Rapids: Eerd- mans, 2008), 215–31. Reprinted by permission of the publisher; all rights reserved. Chapter 4: “Original Sin: The Fall of Humanity and the Golden Calf,” originally appeared as “Biblical Origins and the Problem of the Fall,” in Pro Ecclesia 10 (2001): 17–30. Used by permission. Chapter 5: “Election: The Beloved Son in Genesis and the Gospels,” origi- nally appeared as “Joseph and the Passion of Our Lord,” in The Art of Reading Scripture, edited by Ellen F. Davis and Richard B. Hays (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2003), 198–215. Reprinted by permission of the publisher; all rights reserved. Chapter 6: “Christology: The Incarnation and the Temple,” originally appeared as “To See Where God Dwells,” in Letter & Spirit 4 (2008): 13–45. Used by permission. v Gary A. Anderson, Christian Doctrine and the Old Testament Baker Academic, a division of Baker Publishing Group, © 2017. Used by permission. _Anderson_ChristianDoctrineOldTestament_WT_jck.indd 5 1/3/17 10:03 AM vi Acknowledgments Chapter 7: “Mariology: The Mother of God and the Temple,” originally appeared as “Mary in the Old Testament,” in Pro Ecclesia 16 (2007): 33–55. Used by permission. Chapter 8: “Christology: Tobit as Righteous Sufferer,” originally appeared as “Tobit as Righteous Sufferer,” in A Teacher for All Generations: Es- says in Honor of James C. VanderKam, edited by Eric Mason et al., 2 vols. (Leiden: Brill, 2012), 2:493–508. Used by permission of Koninklijke Brill NV. Chapter 9: “The Treasury of Merits: Faith and Works in the Biblical Tradi- tion,” originally appeared as “Redeem Your Sins,” in Letter & Spirit 3 (2007): 39–69. Used by permission. Chapter 10: “Purgatory: Sanctification in This Life and the Next,” originally appeared as “Deliverance from Purgatory,” in Charity: The Place of the Poor in the Biblical Tradition (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2013), 162–81. Used by permission of Yale University Press. Gary A. Anderson, Christian Doctrine and the Old Testament Baker Academic, a division of Baker Publishing Group, © 2017. Used by permission. _Anderson_ChristianDoctrineOldTestament_WT_jck.indd 6 1/3/17 10:03 AM ABBREVIATIONS General and Bibliographic AB Anchor Bible / Anchor Yale of the University of Chicago, Bible 1956–2006) ABD Anchor Bible Dictionary, ed. CAT Commentaire de l’Ancien D. N. Freedman et al., 6 vols. Testament (New York: Doubleday, 1992) CBQMS Catholic Biblical Quarterly ACW Ancient Christian Writers Monograph Series AJSR Association for Jewish Stud- CEJL Commentaries on Early Jew- ies Review ish Literature alt. altered translation CF Cistercian Fathers Series ANF The Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. chap(s). chapter(s) A. Roberts and J. Donaldson, CSCO Corpus Scriptorum Christia- norum Orientalium 10 vols. (New York: Christian CWS Classics of Western Literature, 1885–96; repr., Spirituality Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, d. died 1950–51) DJD Discoveries in the Judaean AT author’s translation Desert b. born ed. edited by, edition BEATAJ Beiträge zur Erforschung des ed(s). editor(s) Alten Testaments und des an- Eng. English translation / tiken Judentum version(s) BKAT Biblischer Kommentar, Altes esp. especially Testament FAT Forschungen zum Alten ca. circa, about Testament CAD The Assyrian Dictionary of Gr. Greek the Oriental Institute of the HBS History of Biblical Studies University of Chicago (Chi- HCOT Historical Commentary on cago: The Oriental Institute the Old Testament vii Gary A. Anderson, Christian Doctrine and the Old Testament Baker Academic, a division of Baker Publishing Group, © 2017. Used by permission. _Anderson_ChristianDoctrineOldTestament_WT_jck.indd 7 1/3/17 10:03 AM viii Abbreviations Heb. Hebrew NICOT New International Commen- HSS Harvard Semitic Studies tary on the Old Testament HThKAT Herders Theologischer Kom- NIV New International Version mentar zum Alten Testament NJPS Tanakh: The Holy Scriptures; HUCA Hebrew Union College The New JPS Translation Annual according to the Traditional ICC International Critical Hebrew Text Commentary NPNF2 A Select Library of Nicene JAOS Journal of the American Ori- and Post-Nicene Fathers of ental Society the Christian Church, ed. JBL Journal of Biblical Literature P. Schaff and H. Wace, 2nd JQR Jewish Quarterly Review series, 14 vols. (New York: JSJSup Supplements to the Journal Christian Literature, 1890– for the Study of Judaism 1900; repr., Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1952) JSNT Journal for the Study of the NRSV New Revised Standard New Testament Version JSNTSup Journal for the Study of the OTL Old Testament Library New Testament Supplement PG Patrologia Graeca, ed. J.-P. Series Migne, 162 vols. (Paris: Gar- JSOT Journal for the Study of the nier and Migne, 1857–86) Old Testament pl. plural JSOTSup Journal for the Study of the rev. revised Old Testament Supplement RSV Revised Standard Version Series SC Sources chrétiennes JSQ Jewish Studies Quarterly SFSHJ South Florida Studies in the LCL Loeb Classical Library History of Judaism loc. cit. loco citato, in the place cited sg. singular LXX Septuagint, Greek translation STDJ Studies on the Texts of the of the Hebrew Bible Desert of Judah MT Masoretic Text s.v. sub verbo, under the word n. note trans. translated by NAB New American Bible VTSup Supplements to Vetus NABRE New American Bible (Revised Testamentum Edition) ZAW Zeitschrift für die alttesta- n.d. no date mentliche Wissenschaft Old Testament Gen. Genesis Ruth Ruth Exod. Exodus 1–2 Sam. 1–2 Samuel Lev. Leviticus 1–2 Kings 1–2 Kings Num. Numbers 1–2 Chron. 1–2 Chronicles Deut. Deuteronomy Ezra Ezra Josh. Joshua Neh. Nehemiah Judg. Judges Tob. Tobit Gary A. Anderson, Christian Doctrine and the Old Testament Baker Academic, a division of Baker Publishing Group, © 2017. Used by permission. _Anderson_ChristianDoctrineOldTestament_WT_jck.indd 8 1/3/17 10:03 AM Abbreviations ix Jdt. Judith Ezek. Ezekiel Esther Esther Dan. Daniel 1–2 Macc. 1–2 Maccabees Hosea Hosea Job Job Joel Joel Ps(s). Psalm(s) Amos Amos Prov. Proverbs Obad. Obadiah Eccles. Ecclesiastes Jon. Jonah Song Song of Songs Mic. Micah Wis. Wisdom (of Solomon) Nah. Nahum Sir. Sirach Hab. Habakkuk Isa. Isaiah Zeph. Zephaniah Jer. Jeremiah Hag. Haggai Lam. Lamentations Zech. Zechariah Bar. Baruch Mal. Malachi New Testament Matt. Matthew 1–2 Thess. 1–2 Thessalonians Mark Mark 1–2 Tim. 1–2 Timothy Luke Luke Titus Titus John John Philem. Philemon Acts Acts Heb. Hebrews Rom. Romans James James 1–2 Cor. 1–2 Corinthians 1–2 Pet. 1–2 Peter Gal. Galatians 1–3 John 1–3 John Eph.
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