15076 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 18, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS COMMEMORATING NIKOLA has been called the Forgotten Genius. Universities of Paris and Graz and the Poly­ TESLA There is not only the known and the un­ technical School in Bucharest in 1937, the known Tesla, but the unknowable-called by University of Grenoble in 1938, and the Uni­ some an eccentric, by others a mystic, a vi­ versity of Sofia in 1939. HON. GEORGE W. GEKAS sionary, and a person of extraordinary Tesla was made a member or honorary OF PENNSYLVANIA powers of perception . . . And so Nikola fellow of various academic and professional Tesla's memory is virtually venerated by societies: the American Association for the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES some and utterly neglected by many more. Advancement of Science in 1895, the Ameri­ Tuesday, July 18, 1989 Tesla deserves to be known better. can Electro-Therapeutic Association in 1903, It is not my purpose today to describe the New York Academy of Sciences in 1907, Mr. GEKAS. Mr. Speaker, I would like to Tesla's life and works. This has already the American Institute of Electrical Engi­ take this opportunity to honor the 133d anni­ been done by dozens of biographers and his­ neers in 1917, the Serbian Academy of Sci­ versary of the birth of a scientist whose inven­ torians of science. Perhaps it is enough ences in Belgrade in 1937, and many others. tions sit in the ranks with those of Edison, merely to cite a readily available source The medals and other honors which he re­ Watts, and Marconi. Throughout his life, this such as the Encyclopaedia Britannica, ceived were many. Among the first was the whose 1969 edition states that Nikola Tesla Montenegrin Medal of Prince Danilo I, inventor was awarded 13 honorary degrees was a "U.S. inventor of electrical devices awarded by Prince Nicholas of Montenegro and 7 medals commending his revolutionary and equipment who introduced the first in 1895. In 1917 the American Institute of work with electrical machinery. Today, howev­ practical application of alternating current. Electrical Engineers gave Tesla the Edison er, he has been deemed the "Forgotten . . ." After some biographical details the ar­ Gold Medal Award. He almost did not make Genius." His name: Nikola Tesla. ticle continues, "Tesla conceived the rotat­ it for the award. One story is that he As a physicist, electrical engineer, and in­ ing magnetic field principle as an effective skipped out during the banquet to feed his ventor, the Croatian-born Tesla came to method of utilizing alternating current for beloved pigeons in Bryant Park, behind the power. He patented the induction, synchro­ New York Public Library. Luckily a col­ America to dedicate his life to scientific re­ nous and split-phase motors, and new forms league knew of his custom and was able to search. The impact of his work is immeasur­ of generators and transformers; this equip­ bring him back in time. In 1926 Tesla re­ able. As the American electrical engineer Ber­ ment formed the system for the generation ceived the Yugoslav Order of St. Sava, and nard Arthur Behrend once stated: and use of power from Niagara Falls. By ten years later the Yugoslav Order of the Were we to eliminate from our industrial means of lectures in Europe and the United White Eagle. In 1934 the City of Philadel­ world the results of Tesla's work, the wheels States beginning in 1891, he announced dis­ phia awarded him the John Scott Medal of industry would cease to turn, our electric coveries and applications of high frequency Award. In 1938 the National Institute of Im­ trains and cars would stop, our towns would alternating current, including the high-fre­ migrant Welfare presented, Tesla with a be dark, our mills and factories dead and quency resonant transformer, or 'Tesla scroll of honor as a foreign-born citizen idle. So far reaching is his work that it has coil.'" whose influence was national and interna­ become the warp and woof of industry. Behind this drily objective language there tional in scope, constructive in character, is a dramatic story, of a Serbian immigrant and purposeful in objective. Tesla shared Important inventions such as the synchro­ from Croatia, in Austria-Hungary, who this honor with Justice Felix Frankfurter. nous and the split-phase motors comprised came to this land of opportunity with four On his 75th birthday Tesla was given a the generators of the Niagara Falls which cents in his pocket, and who gave to it far yearly pension of $7,000 from the Tesla In­ were to supply electricity cleanly and cheaply. more than it gave to him-except freedom stitute in Yugoslavia. This annual stipend It is now 43 years after Mr. Tesla has passed and opportunity, which he valued above all. saved him from dying penniless in a New away, but where is his name in the history The importance of Nikola Tesla's discover­ York City hotel room. ies was described quite graphically by the Perhaps none of these honors and others books? American electrical engineer Bernard during his lifetime would have given him as It is due time that we recognize Nikola Arthur Behrend 0875-1932), himself of much satisfaction as a decision of the Tesla for his revolutionary lifetime achieve­ Swiss birth and a designer of electrical ma­ United States Supreme Court nine months ments, and it is a time for those of Croatian chinery and inventor: "Were we to eliminate after Tesla's death which recognized that descent to salute one of their greatest fore­ from our industrial world the results of some discoveries attributed to Marconi had fathers. Tesla's work, the wheels of industry would actually been Tesla's previously and protect­ cease to turn, our electric trains and cars ed by patent. It should be noted that Tesla Now, I include in the RECORD excerpts from would stop, our towns would be dark, our was not himself involved in the suit but a speech given by Dr. Michael B. Petrovich, mills and factories dead and idle. So far­ rather companies that were using his pat­ professor of history, University of Wisconsin­ reaching is his work that it has become the ents. Tesla cared little for money or honors. Madison, before the Tesla Memorial Society, warp and woof of industry.'' Yet after Tesla's death, in 1943, there were in Niagara Falls, July 12, 1980: Let us turn, first, to the known Tesla, more honors to come. One can hardly enu­ [From the Congressional Record, April 28, indeed, the renowned Tesla. Though forgot­ merate them here. 1981] ten by many today, Tesla was honored Of special interest is the fact that the greatly and many times, during his lifetime word "Tesla" became part of the language TESLA: THE KNOWN, UNKNOWN, AND and after, by those who knew his worth. Let of electrical science-not only in the name UNKNOWABLE me give some examples. of the Tesla Coil, but in the term "tesla" for It would be difficult to find any important In 1982 the Royal Institute in London in­ the unit of magnetic flux density. Thus the historical figure about whom so much is vited Tesla to lecture there. So did the Insti­ word tesla, with a small letter "t", is in the known, and yet who is as unknown as the tute of Electrical Engineering in London same class with terms such as ampere, ohm, American scientific discoverer Nikola Tesla and the Physics Society of Paris. In 1893 he volt, and watt-all of which have become so 0854-1943). On the one hand here is an ex­ lectured before the Franklin Institute in much a part of our language that we scarce­ traordinary man whose achievements have Philadelphia. This august body presented ly remember that they were all the names literally changed the face of the earth and him with the Certificate of the Elliott Cres­ of great men. Tesla shares this honor with who has received honors and recognition son Gold Medal Award. two other Americans-Joseph Henry 0 797- from all sides, from those, that is, who know A dozen institutions of higher learning 1878> and the Italian American physicist and value his works. On the other hand, conferred honorary degrees on him: Colum­ Enrico Fermi, <1901-1954), after whom the there is a discouraging and even shocking bia and Yale in 1894, the High Technical henry and the particle fermion have been ignorance of Tesla and his discoveries by School in Vienna in 1908, the Universities of named. the vast majority of people today, including Belgrade and Zagreb in 1926, the High In 1952 a bronze replica of a bust of Tesla millions whose own lives have been pro­ Technical School in Prague in 1936, the was unveiled at the Technical Museum in foundly affected by Tesla's discoveries. He High Technical School in Brno in 1937, the Vienna. It is a copy of the original by the

e This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. July 18, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15077 famed Croatian and Yugoslav sculptor Ivan Jan, Yugoslavia 1856-died New York, U.S.A. thirty-four years of his life. The justly Mestrovic, which is in the Yugoslav Acade­ 1943-constructed in 1901-1905 Warden­ noted Encyclopedia Britannica publishes an my of Arts and Sciences in Zagreb. clyffe, huge radio station with antenna annual Yearbook as well as a special Year­ In 1952 there was also established the tower 187 feet high Nikola Tesla Museum in Belgrade, Yugo­ was to have serve as his first world commu­ big, thick volumes that are supposed to in­ slavia. It was opened to the public in 1956, nication system. corporate all that occurred of any impor­ on the lOOth anniversary of Tesla's birth. It "In memory of 120th anniversary of tance in the scientific world. Yet one looks is a magnificient monument to Tesla's Telsa's birth and 200th anniversary of the in vain at them for any mention of Tesla or memory and a fitting resting place for his U.S.A. Independence July 10, 1976." the Tesla Prize in the volumes for the ashes. The Tesla Museum contains not only Peggy McKinnon Clark of Shoreham de­ 1970's. various exhibits and mementoes of Tesla's serves special thanks for her tireless efforts And so we have this strange paradox. On life but a library and archives arranged in on behalf of this project. the one hand Tesla is unknown to millions six groups: <1) personal and biographical On July 23, 1976, there took place the un­ of Americans today though they know the data; <2> correspondence; (3) scientific veiling of the heroic-sized monument to name of Edison, Tesla's first American em­ papers; (4) diplomas, testimonials, honors, Nikola Tesla, by the eminent Yugoslav ployer and later competitor. On the other new articles; (5) technical drawings and sculptor Frano Krsinic, in Niagara Falls, on hand, Tesla is the object of veneration by plans; and (6) photographs. The director, Goat Island, in the picturesque courtyard of cultists who see in him a kind of Superman, Dr. Veljko Korac and his staff, deserve the old Edward Dean Adams Hydro Electric even from another planet. But between this praise and gratitude for their work. In 1956 Power Station Number One of the Niagara unknown Tesla of the uninformed and the the Tesla Museum, under the auspices of a Falls Power Company. The event commemo­ unknowable Tesla of the cultists there is National Yugoslav Committee and the Soci­ rated Tesla's successful use of alternating the known Tesla, whose works are daily ety for the Promotion of Science and Tech­ current to provide electric power at long dis­ manifested in our lives. Even as we sit here, nology, organized a round of commemora­ tances from the source. in Niagara Falls, next to the electric station tive activities celebrating the lOOth anniver­ Meanwhile in Yugoslavia a whole series of which his motors powered, we are literally sary of Telsa's birth. Among the distin­ cultural events marked Tesla's 120th anni­ basking in Tesla's light. When, in 1917, guished guests who gathered in Belgrade for versary. Chief among these was the Sympo­ Tesla was awarded the Edison Medal of the the occasion were Niels Bohr of Denmark, sium held on July 7-10, 1976, in Zagreb and American Institute of Electrical Engineers, Arthur Flemming of Great Britain, Frederik in Tesla's birthplace, the village of Smiljan, his close associate B.A. Behrend para­ Dahlgren of Sweden, and Carl Chambers Lika. President Tito attended the festivities phrased Alexander Pope's famous line on and Richard Sogg of the United States. The in Smiljan on July 10. The Symposium Sir Isaac Newton, when he said: last two came as the representatives of the brought together some four hundred par­ "Nature and Nature's laws lay hid in the American Institute of Electrical Engineers ticipants, including noted scientists from night; God said, Let Tesla be! and all was and brought a special citation with them. the whole world. In honor of the event, the light." The 1956 observance had a very tangible Niagara-Mohawk Power Corporation of Syr­ It is to make him the known Tesla that we and useful result when the Tesla Museum acuse, N.Y. presented the Tesla Museum in are here today to honor this extraordinary of Belgrade published a mammoth volume, Belgrade with some artifacts from the man, this truly immortal scientist. in English, entitled "Nikola Tesla: Lectures, Edward Dean Adams Generating Station at Patents, Articles." Much of the volume re­ Niagara Falls. The certificate of presenta­ produces in their original form various pat­ tion reads: "This corporation takes pride in OPPOSE TAX DIVERSION­ ents and other documents. In 1961 the Tesla the fact that its predecessor, the Niagara SUPPORT INFRASTRUCTURE Museum published a second significant Falls Power Company, pioneered the use of work: "Tribute to Tesla," which contains re­ the polyphase alternating current system views and evaluations of Tesla's achieve­ invented by Dr. Tesla. That principle, HON.GLENNM.ANDERSON ments by noted scientists and specialists proved in operation at the Adams Station in OF CALIFORNIA from all over the world. 1895, made modern electric power systems In October 1956 the American Institute of possible." IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Electrical Engineers held its own commemo­ Several important publications resulted Tuesday, July 18, 1989 rative session in Tesla's honor. The Chicago from these meetings. A bilingual volume of section of that organization held a similar Tesla's writings-Moji pronalasci: My Inven­ Mr. ANDERSON. Mr. Speaker, last week I, session, on October 1, 1956, which was desig­ tions-was published in Zagreb in 1977 by along with some of my colleagues from the nated by Mayor Richard Daly as Nikola the Yugoslav Academy of Arts and Sciences, leadership of the Committee on Public Works Tesla Day. Similar tribute was paid to Tesla the Nikola Tesla Museum in Belgrade, and and Transportation, sent an urgent Dear Col­ on his centennary by the city of Philadel­ the Skolska Knjiga Publishing House of league to all Members of the House regarding phia. President Tito of Yugoslavia was in­ Zagreb. More recently, in 1977, the Nikola the recent action of the Ways and Means formed of these American festivities by the Tesla Museum had the Belgrade publishing then United States Secretary of State John house NOLIT put out a luxurious edition, Committee to suspend the aviation trigger tax Foster Dulles. In his reply of thanks, Presi­ all in English, called Nikola Tesla: Colorado and divert almost $1 million in aviation user dent Tito wrote. "I would especially like to Springs Notes 1899-1900. This is Tesla's re­ taxes from the aviation trust fund to the gen­ stress my accordance with your statement search diary which he kept during his eral fund. that scientists of Tesla's genius are the daring experiment of transmitting high fre­ In that communique, I emphasized our symbol of the universality of science and quency electrical energy without wires on a strong opposition to this action, especially the human endeavor for progress in peace." global scale. diversion of funds. In support of that position, In 1976 there was another series of com­ There are today many books and articles I would like to include for the record a recent memorative festivities in honor of Tesla, all concerning Tesla, in English and in other the more impressive because the 120th anni­ languages, including several biographies. letter from the Aircraft Owners & Pilots Asso­ versary of Tesla's birth coincided with the Though there is much yet that can be writ­ ciation. That letter accurately capsulizes the 200th anniversary of the birth of the United ten about Tesla and his work, no one can critical aspects of the issue. On behalf of our States-the Bicentennial. A joint Yugoslav­ plead ignorance of Tesla on the grounds committee, I would like to commend President American committee of some twenty-five that there is no information about him. Baker and AOPA for its initiative and foresight members was formed in 1975 to coordinate There is, indeed. in addressing this matter. activities. Again there were several notewor­ It is precisely because the known Tesla In addition, I might add that it is my intent to thy results. In January 1975 Tesla was in­ has been so honored and recognized in the explore through the Rules Committee a cluded in Washington's Hall of Fame. A world of science, and because there is mate­ year later a Nikola Tesla Prize was institut­ rial available about him today that the gen­ means of deleting the diversion portion of the ed by the IEEE, the leading society of elec­ eral ignorance on the part of most Ameri­ Ways and Means proposal. trical engineers in the United States. The cans that he ever existed is so astonishing AIRCRAFT OWNERS & PILOTS first prize was awarded to Leon T. Rosen­ and bewildering. ASSOCIATION, berg, to whom the Yugoslav Nikola Tesla And how are Americans ever to learn Frederick, MD. Society also awarded a gold plague. In July about Tesla is their schools and textbooks Hon. GLENN M. ANDERSON, 1976 a tablet was unveiled at Shoreham, and libraries do not teach them? For exam­ U.S. House of Representatives, Long Island, on the site where Tesla's wire­ ple, the excellent World Book Encyclopedia, Washington, DC. less tower used to stand. The tablet reads: which is used extensively in our public DEAR CONGRESSMAN ANDERSON: At a time "In this building designed by Stanford schools, contains four inches on Tesla, and when our air transportation system is in White, architect, Nikola Tesla, born Smil- only up to 1900, with nothing in the last critical need of improvements and concern 15078 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 18, 1989 continues to increase regarding airport con­ Until we can decide on a coherent space $24 billion for a space station of contrived gestion, the Office of Management and program with concrete objectives, we purpose is equally unclear. Budget is pressuring the Ways and Means shouldn't be spending tens of billions of dol­ Who can rescue NASA from its blunders? Committee to repeal the Aviation Trust Probably only President Bush. No one else Fund Trigger. Worse yet, the Administra­ lars on the shuttle and the space station. can face down the bureaucrats, the contrac­ tion is offering nothing in return for this $1 [From the New York Times, July 17, 19891 tors and Congress and acknowledge that the billion raid on the Aviation Trust Fund-in­ TO THE MOON-AND BACK space station makes no sense-and without tended solely to help offset the budget defi­ The United States caught the world's it, the space shuttle has little role. No one, cit. imagination when the Apollo project sent more than he, has the duty to rethink The so-called "trigger" was enacted by Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin to tread America's goals in space, restore NASA to Congress in 1987 to force the Administra­ the moon's ancient surface. But in the 20 the frontiers of exploration and technology. tion to spend the billions of unobligated years since, the hope of Apollo, that human­ Only he can put it back on the trail it once Trust Fund dollars on the critical needs of kind would take more giant steps in explora­ blazed to the Sea of Tranquility. our air transportation system. The funding tion of the universe, has been miserably levels mandated by the trigger were not met thwarted. for FY88 and 89, falling some $400 million After Apollo, NASA's leaders turned their END DISCRIMINATION AGAINST short. In the meantime, the unobligated backs on the stars and planets. They de­ surplus in the Aviation Trust Fund has layed or canceled astronomy and space mis­ THE MILITARY, SUPPORT H.R. grown to over $6 billion. The trigger pro­ sions, gambling the agency's future on hard­ 572, H.R. 2277, AND H.R. 2300 vides that if the user tax dollars paid into ware like the space shuttle and space sta­ the Trust Fund by airline passengers and tion. Their hope was that some President HON. ROBERT K. DORNAN general aviation pilots are not spent for cap­ would find a use for these ruinously expen­ ital improvements and modernization as in­ sive devices. None has, and now NASA is left OF CALIFORNIA tended, then aviation user taxes are to be heading down a black hole. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cut in half. After the Challenger disaster, President Tuesday, July 18, 1989 Those are the rules set by Congress in Reagan ordered commerical payloads off 1987, and it's time to play by the rules. Be­ the shuttle, and the Air Force has now de­ Mr. DORNAN of California. Mr. Speaker, cause mandated funding levels were not cided to use expendable rockets for all mis­ have placed into the RECORD a number of let­ met, the trigger is to be pulled on January sions after 1991. Erecting the space station ters that have been written to me in support 1, 1990 and the user taxes will be reduced­ is the chief remaining use for the shuttle. unless OMB has its way, that is. of my legislation to redress a number of in­ But if Congress balks at the extraordinary equities inherent in the Spouse Protection Act. And OMB isn't stopping with repeal of cost, now $24 billion, the shuttle will have the Trust Fund trigger. OMB is also propos­ little to do. NASA's 20-year investment in (June 15, 27, 28, 1989, July 12.) ing some creative accounting practices manned space since Apollo will have yielded Mr. Speaker, I would like to share with my which will permit substantially more of the a pitiful return. colleagues a few more of the many supportive tax dollars in the Aviation Trust Fund to be Consider, by contrast, the Voyager 2 letters that I have received. These letters are used to pay for the routine operational ex­ spacecraft. Launched by a Titan-Centaur illustrative of the necessity to change the cur­ penses of the FAA. AOPA's 290,000 mem­ rocket, it is now 12 years out from Earth on bers pay significant fuel taxes into the rent law and make the Spouse Protection Act a tour that has taken it past the Great Red more equitable and fair to those men and Trust Fund every time they fly. They also Spot of Jupiter, the breathtaking rings of purchase more than 4 million airline tickets Saturn and the strange moons of Uranus. women who proudly serve their country. annually and pay the 8% ticket tax. Our Its rich harvest of data will continue into June 22, 1989. members are understandably outraged. the next century. Voyager will reach Nep­ Congressman RoBERT K. DORNAN, Congress created the Trust Fund to pay tune on Aug. 24. Its telescopes have already House of Representatives, Washington, DC. for the capital development needs of the detected a new moon orbiting the pale green DEAR CONGRESSMAN DORNAN: I have read system, not the FAA's paper clips and planet. about your efforts to add a measure of fair­ rubber bands. On behalf of our 290,000 This is the quick, cheap and smart way to ness to Rep. Pat Schroeder's Former members, we encourage you to contact explore the universe-put human intelli­ Spouses Protection Act. I am an active duty members of the Ways and Means Commit­ gence into space and keep human bodies Air Force major commissioned in 1975. Al­ tee. Urge them to reject OMB's proposal to safely on Earth. The total cost of the two though, like much legislation, the overall repeal the trigger and to raid the Trust Voyager spacecraft has been a mere half-bil­ purposes served by the Act are admirable, it Fund for routine operating expenses. Pro­ lion dollars; compare that with the more has resulted in callous inequities. Let me tect the integrity of the Avia ti on Trust than $30 billion spent just on the shuttle. tell you about my case. Fund. For NASA, Voyager represents the road I was married in Nov. 1974 and came on Sincerely, not taken. After Apollo, it could have made active duty on 3 Jan 75. Marital difficulties JOHN L. BAKER, a bold decision: to postpone the circus of developed between my ex-wife and me in President. manned space flight and, at half the cost, 1983 while stationed in Washington DC. I explore the planets with robots and auto­ did everything possible to try to salvage the THE BLACK HOLE OF NASA mated spacecraft like Voyager. Had it done relationship including not filing for divorce. so, a stream of information would by now be Although we lived in the same house my SPENDING pouring back from robots, perhaps as en­ wife slept in a separate bedroom and led a dearing as R2D2, roaming the plains of life of her own apart from our Air Force HON. FORTNEY PETE ST ARK Mars and the terraces of Triton. Such ma­ friends. I was reassigned to a base in Spain OF CALIFORNIA chines could have kept NASA on another in July 1984. My wife chose not to join me. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES frontier-high technology. She and my son, then three years old, re­ Instead, NASA chose more manned space mained in Washington. Even while in Tuesday, July 18, 1989 projects, big budgets and alliance with de­ Europe for the following two and one-half Mr. ST ARK. Mr. Speaker, today I would like fense contractors and Congressional pork­ years I hoped for a reconciliation and at­ to include in the RECORD an excellent editorial seekers. That dim choice bound the agency tempted to work a separation agreement to its fleet of space shuttles. The shuttle's with no success. When I returned for a which appeared in the New York Times on unique purpose is to carry men to the space Xmas visit to the home in VA in 1984 she Monday, July 17, 1989. station. But almost all the missions pro­ surprised me by having the sheriff serve di­ The article makes a couple of very good posed for the space station could be per­ vorce papers on Xmas eve. I am not and was points about our space program. The space formed more effectively from unmanned not a Virginia domiciliary. It was a traumat­ shuttle and the space station are interesting platforms. The Russians seem to have dis­ ic experience. Our lawyers fought for the projects, but what are our goals in building covered this expensive truth. Their space next few years over our small assets. She them? Space probes have provided us with station, designed to be permanently wanted $15,000 and my financing of a fur­ much more scientific yield than the space manned, now flies empty. ther college education plus $500/month Since the odds of losing another shuttle child support in exchange for giving up a shuttle has. Yet NASA has not launched a are about 1 in 100 for each mission, there is claim on my retirement pay. In the mean­ space probe since 1978 and will not launch a substantial chance that another crew will time, she had been seeing other men. She another until 1992. Manned space flight has perish for no clear purpose. Whether the eventually moved in with a well-paid con­ proved to be inefficient-robots can do the shuttle program can survive a second crash gressional employee. We were finally di­ same work for far less money. is doubtful. Whether Congress will now pay vorced in 1987 after I returned to the US; July 18, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15079 the basis of the divorce was her adultery! I was told that you have introduced HR ranks during the heyday of the Equal Within two months of the divorce she 572. I applaud your initiative to amend Title Rights Amendment. The military profes­ married the congressional employee and 10, U.S.C., to provide that a court-ordered sional was a natural target for the Act's bore a child shortly thereafter. allocation of miitary retired pay to a former principal sponsor, Patricia Schroeder for reduced, but obligat­ Rolex watch as a wedding gift, recently Why are courts being allowed to divide ed, military service. Every able-bodied mili­ bought a new $200,000 house in Springfield something which was not an entitlement at tary retiree remains subject to involuntary and a new car. Her new husband has a lu­ the time of divorce? recall to active duty in the event of a na­ crative retirement plan. Why are courts being allowed to divide tional emergency. As you can see, she left me and is by no military retired pay with former spouses Second, military retirees remain subject to means out on the street. I held on to the who were never awarded alimony /mainte­ the Uniform Code of Military Justice for so marriage too long and thus under the Act nance by the original divorce decree? long as they receive retired pay. Military re­ was penalized. She, the adulterous, was re­ Why are courts being allowed to award a tirees are subject to recall and court martial warded with a lifelong cut of my retirement monetary benefit which continues for the if circumstances warrant. Moreover, they pay. Is this what Pat Schroeder calls fair­ life of the military retiree, even after the are subject to conflict-of-interest laws which ness? Something needs to be done. Former death of the former spouse? place restrictions on their marketing of spouses who left the service member of The rapacious manner in which this Act is their service-developed skills within the their own volition should not be rewarded. Ex-military across the country is alarming. ty and in dealings with foreign govern­ spouses who remarry and are taken care of Please initiate legislation to repeal the ments. by a new spouse should not be entitled to retroactive application of this Act. Third, the lawmakers ignored the fact benefits. The greatest inequity: the retroac­ Sincerely, that Federal law, before the Act and now, tive application of the Act, must be elimi­ BARRY J. DOICK. protects the welfare of ex-spouses by provid­ nated. Finally, servicemen like me, who try ing that alimony and child support pay­ to save their marriages should not have to "pay" from their retirment pay for doing so! The media readily publicize events and ments can be withheld from both active I appreciate you efforts to change this maneuvering on Capitol Hill as certain duty and/or retainer pay so long as mandat­ unfair law. I also want to thank you, albeit members of the Congress publicly advocate ed by a legitimate court order. belatedly, for all your efforts on behalf of cuts in Defense spending. Frequently, how­ The really insidious aspect of the Act, POWs. ever, little or no publicity is accorded to the however, is that it undermines other well-in­ Very Truly Yours, sponsorship or support, by members of the tentioned Congressional legislation aimed at RICHARD A. MORGAN. Congress, of pork barrel amendments to De­ enabling the recruitment and retention of fense appropriations which bloat the De­ competent, career-minded personnel in the June 15, 1989. fense budget but contribute little or nothing Armed Forces, thus holding down the high Hon. BOB DORNAN, to Defense capabilities or combat readiness. costs of personnel turnover. and I was cizes military divorce by creating a loophole there. Military professionals approaching presented with a judgment against me in in the Federal Supremacy Clause permit­ ten years of service are virtually irreplaca­ the amount of $43,000 plus interest . plus all court costs. pay as if it were community property. Only where the services can hire such military My only outlet to the above was to file ten years of marriage while in military serv­ experience. These professionals are forced bankruptcy, ruining my credit for the next ice is required to qualify and spousal eligi­ to choose between another career outside 10 years, and as of this date the outcome is bility extends for the balance of the mili­ the military or to remain in the service until still in question. tary member's life therafter. This division normal retirement only to face a possible As a matter of information, I am writing of retired military pay is in addition to ali­ life of bondage to an ex-spouse. every Congressman and Senator asking for mony, child support, and the distribution of One wonders why the Congress has sin­ their support of your bill. Thus far I have tangible assets of the marriage. Unlike the gled out the divorced professional for such mailed letters to the entire delegation of normal treatment of alimony, however, the harsh, unfair treatment. Is the divorced, ex­ Louisiana, Texas, Mississippi, North Caroli­ award of retirement pay, once made, is ef­ perienced member any less valuable to the na. California, Alabama and have started fective until the death of the military military operation than the experienced with Ohio. Hopefully, this will help gain member, or the spouse, irrespective of a pos­ non-divorced member? Has the divorced support. sible remarriage by either. member experienced any less arduous tours Again, sincere thanks for being on our The Act, which applies to both male and of duty or fewer family separations? Has side and trying to help us out of a trying sit­ female military personnel, is a cruel hoax the divorced member been any less compe­ uation. played on a large body of competent, dedi­ tent, less dedicated, less patriotic or less ex­ Sincerely, cated, but divorced professionals. It reneges posed to hostile fire? Has the military ALBERT C. WILLIS, on military personnel contracts signed at spouse had the same exposure? Major, USAF (Retired). the outset of military service. These con­ Given that about 50% of the Defense tracts make no mention that a future di­ budget goes to manpower, it is difficult to June 8, 1989. vorce will penalize a career military member comprehend the anguished cries of certain DEAR REPRESENTATIVE DORNAN, I recently by permitting state courts to indenture him members of Congress over the nation's wrote a letter to Sena,tor Fowler to voice my or her for life. budget deficits while, at the same time, they concern about an Act that I consider to be The passage of the Act, in the first place, unhesitantingly increase the military tax very unjust. Public Law 97-252, The Uni­ was a knee-jerk reaction, by the Congress, burden by countenancing the Uniformed formed Services Former Spouse's Protection to the equal rights lobbyists who capitalized Services Former Spouse Protection Act. Act. on the trauma of divorce to swell their Over the next decade the Act will cost the 15080 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 18, 1989 taxpayers extra billions for defense because dar. In short, our ancestry includes those What core values do we consider essential of the high turnover rate of divorced profes­ who created the first civilization. and inviolate? sionals and the attendant loss of fighting To have a generation ignorant of these The ultimate direction in which this proficiency. It should be kept in mind, how­ roots and this heritage is cause for alarm. In nation of ours moves may well depend on so­ ever, that the military's loss should not be some ways, this is more disturbing than all cially responsible and effective leadership in just measured in dollars-for there are addi­ the statistics on teen pregnancy, drug addic­ these organizations and institutions, includ­ tional unquantifiable costs in the loss of tion and crime. The first step toward solid ing the LINKS. morale and the esprit de corps which are so personal achievement is to have a positive Our present challenge is to build an eco­ vital in developing that innate sense of sense of self, and a clear vision that one nomic, social and cultural environment to pride in oneself, service and country. stands on the shoulders of those who came serve the present age. Many people in our Clearly, the Act represents a biased, un­ before. The words of McCauley are prophet­ country are deeply dissatisfied with the principled breach of faith with some of the ic: "A people who takes no pride in the present state of affairs. military's most valuable personnel. Equally achievements of remote ancestors, will In the recent June 7th issue of the Wall reprehensible is that the costs of Defense never achieve anything to be remembered Street Journal there was a report from the paid by the American taxpayer will contin­ by remote posterity". U.S. Census Bureau and the Conference ue to escalate until responsible members of Without dwelling on the forces and events Board indicating that more than 70% of the Congress exercise the leadership re­ which led to this phenomenon among this American households have no discretionary quired to repeal this unjustifiable law. generation of the young, I say individually income-that is no money left after paying ADM. M.D. CARMODY, and collectively each of us must mount the taxes and paying for the necessities of life. U.S. Navy Ret. bastions and do something about it. If our This represents some 87 million households. FRANK AULT, schools are not responsive, then let's turn to A mere 26 million have these funds. Arlington, VA, Chapter Leader. our churches and our institutions, not to The pain of millions unemployed is in­ mention our own breakfast tables and tense; some have exhausted unemployment dinner tables where we can talk about this benefits; others have lost job-related insur­ THE VISION, THE DREAM, THE heritage, and to our own bookshelves where ance coverage; and too many are on the TASK the books should be available and the pages threshold of being destitute or are already worn with use. homeless. These are our nation's critical My purpose in dwelling on this matter of problems, and they are not problems of one HON. WILLIAM (BIU) CLAY heritage and roots first is directly related to class or one race. OF MISSOURI this Area Conference theme of "Share the Words like liberty, freedom, equity, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Vision". parity, justice and the advancement of civil­ What is this vision-how is it defined and ized people are not likely to mean much Tuesday, July 18, 1989 by whom? beyond rhetoric unless those words are Mr. CLAY. Mr. Speaker, Mrs. Margaret Bush Some years ago, it was Ralph Ellison who linked in specific ways to such issues as: said, ". . . some Blacks have taken too The criteria used to allocate resources and Wilson, former Chair of the NAACP, recently narrow a view of their role and significance gave a very insightful and inspiring speech the actual allocation of resources. in American Society." The trade-offs between today's demands before the Civic Luncheon of the 32d Area It is my own vision of that role which is Conference Mid-West Region of the LINKS, and tomorrow's safeguards. the foundation and bulwark for my faith in The purposes to which advances in tech­ Inc., in St. Louis. I am pleased to take this op­ the future of these United States. For I nology are applied. portunity to share Mrs. Wilson's eloquent re­ firmly believe that Americans of African de­ scent, individually and collectively, are our Population growth and spread. marks about the challenge confronting the We must be more conscious of our innate black community: nation's conscience and its hope for the re­ demption of the Promise of America. potential, and our ability to organize must THE VISION, THE DREAM, THE TASK This is not wishful thinking. We Ameri­ no longer be confined to our social life. The theme of this 32nd Central Area Con­ cans of African ancestry have been at the For example, the national organization of ference is "Share the Vision." It is a theme vortex of every major thrust forward in the LINKS should come to grips with the fact directly related to the national theme of history of this country as a nation. The that the needs and problems of African­ LINKS, INC., "Enhance The Legacy: Fulfill American Revolution, the War between the Americans require massive intervention to the Dream". States, and the somewhat Peaceful Revolu­ achieve significant impact. Before I address this conference theme, tion of the Sixties which transformed the If each chapter of LINKS gives a single however, I want to spend a few moments on South. scholarship a year this hardly puts a dent in a critical subject for all of us. And now the question looms "What is re­ the massive need for scholarships among Dorothy Gilliam, distinguished writer for quired in the final 11 years of the 20th Cen­ our young people. the Washington Post, made the following tury for the survival and progress of these On the other hand-not far from here in comment in one of her perceptive columns: United States in general and African-Ameri­ Evanston, Illinois, there is a complete pro­ "History is absolutely essential to creating cans in particular?" gram and mechanism in place called the Na­ a positive sense of self, and in the Eurocen­ Let me suggest that the broad-based tional Achievement Scholarship Program tric world in which American blacks exist, issues are economic, political, cultural and which screens and processes hundreds of the restoration of Africa to its rightful place spiritual, but it is the urban crisis that is young African American high schoolers who in this history is of utmost importance". physically and mentally destroying black are academically eligible for college. Yearly, What made me recall Gilliam's words was people. our national organization of LINKS funds a recent disconcerting anecdote about a If we are serious about making the daily six of these scholars-each with a $2,000.00 group of African-American children in an lives of the average black person better, stipend. Only about 700 actually win as inner city classroom during one of their les­ then we must begin to understand and Achievement Scholars, but what of the hun­ sons. It seems their teacher had occasion to direct the interrelated urban forces of dreds who are not chosen. mention the continent of Africa, and just by school, work, housing, health and the jus­ This organization of talented LINKS way of fleshing out relationships, she said tice system. In other words, our attention, women could forge a closer bond with the to the students, "how many of you are of our resources and our keenest intellect must National Achievement Scholarship Program African ancestry?" These children were all turn relentlessly to the business of econom­ and through our various chapters and with African-Americans. Not a single hand went ic justice. imagination, ingenuity, contacts and clout, up. It is reported that the teacher was Social change is going on all around us, we could, each year make a commitment to stunned and dumbfounded. and the need for intelligent adaptation on assure that everyone of those eligible We have, it seems, a disturbing phenome­ our part to this accelerating and convulsive achievement scholar contestants enters col­ non to confront-namely a generation of process is urgent. lege. our children and young adults who do not But, before setting policy-which can lead In a short span of time, the impact could know who they are. We have offspring who to plans, there is a prior process of seminal be outstanding. do not know about our ancient heritage. conception. This is what we ought to consid­ Or take another example: It is estimated They have no knowledge of their roots in er very seriously during this area confer­ that 37 million persons in our country under the continent of Africa, nor that among our ence. 65 have no health insurance and another 17 ancient ancestors we number those who What fundamental changes do we contem­ million do not have adequate coverage. were the first to practice agriculture, to irri­ plate as necessary in the structure of the or­ That's 54 million and a disproportionate gate the valley of the Nile, build dams, ganizations we serve and the institutions number of these persons are African-Ameri­ invent science, arts, writing and the calen- which affect our lives? cans. An overwhelming problem you say, July 18, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15081 but forces may be at work to make a strate­ minded advisors who would serve as a re­ about what is not happening in the class­ gic role for the LINKS possible. search, policy analysis and resource arm to rooms in our public schools. First, health care costs are on the rise, THE EBONY ALERT. They would be Let's not be victimized by the Rhetoric or Second, for the first time big business, the drawn from all relevant disciplines, such as Rejection-reverse discrimination, welfare, Chrysler Corp., for one, is frustrated with economics, health, education, political sci­ affirmative action-these all have negative these rising costs since many corporations ence, natural science, the justice system and connotation today as the result of a very pay 25% to 35% of employee health care business. It is this group that analyzes and calculated campaign to make them terms of costs, reaches a conclusion as to what is in the distaste, if not contempt. Third, Members of Congress, including best interest of our community-and then We can stop this by coining our own posi­ our distinguished William Clay of the 1st the "action alert" goes out to the cadre of tive phrases. From now on, let's talk "em­ Congressional District here in Missouri have the concerned. ployment equity" rather than affirmative introduced H.B. 1845, The Basic Health This is not pie in the sky. It is a frame­ action; let's be concerned about "well-being" Benefits for All Americans Act of 1989 to work for action by a people who are suffer­ in place of welfare, and "reasonable redr.ess" address the problem. ing needlessly and at great cost from sense­ instead of reverse discrimination. Then we, Clearly, if adequate health care was as­ less fragmentation, disorganization and lack not others, define the terms and the rheto­ sured for each U.S. citizen, this would be a of discipline, at a time when we can least ric of our agenda. major breakthrough in achieving parity, in afford it. Finally, over and over we must remind making health care more effective. It would There is cause for deep concern when ourselves of the vision and the dream-the also be a wise allocation of our resources leaders of this nation glibly talk about a vision of a humane society and the dream of and a significant step in fulfilling a part of permanent underclass. It becomes a crisis a country and culture of real freedom with the vision for a better America. situation and cause for a five alarm alert unrestricted respect for each other and a The momentum is already there. The when that underclass is viewed as being sub­ profound understanding that in our diversi­ need is for concerted action. LINKS and stantially African-American. ty lies our greatest strength. CONNECTING LINKS could be the cata­ One hundred years ago, we African-Ameri­ In this light, the words of an unknown lysts for reaching out, linking up and effec­ cans faced formidable odds. Plessy vs. Fergu­ writer are compelling: tively mobilizing the broad-based support son, that infamous U.S. Supreme Court de­ "A vision without a task is a dream­ which could make adequate health care in cision which made racial segregation and A task without a vision is drudgery- this nation a reality for us all. What we "separate but equal" a matter of social and But, a vision and a task together can be the have done for the elderly through Medicare public policy, was just seven years away. hope of the world." could be extended to all our citizens. The Some astronomical number of us were really impact for good would be massive and this is poor and most of us were illiterate. It took a proper allocation of resources for a caring fifty-eight years from 1896 to 1954-to CONGRESSIONAL TRIBUTE TO nation as well as sound social and health throw off the legal shackles of the Plessy SGT. CONRAD N. NUTZMAN policy. decision. Some of us still carry the scars and Then, as a last example, there is THE stigma of distrust, disunity and division EBONY ALERT. One of the constant com­ which were deliberately spawned among us HON.GLENNM.ANDERSON plaints about our people is apathy. Yet, ex­ during those dreary years and before. OF CALIFORNIA plain the appeal of a Martin Luther King or How else can we explain the wife of a suc­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Jesse Jackson, both whom mobilized the cessful African-American service station masses. Without regard to background, owner who takes her car to the white serv­ Tuesday, July 18, 1989 most people in this country are yearning for ice station around the corner for her gaso­ Mr. ANDERSON. Mr. Speaker, I rise today a better America. line and service? to pay tribute to a great citizen in my district, This is not the time for more conferences, How else can we explain a people with a speeches and summits. This is the time to 200 billion dollar gross national product, but Sgt. Conrad N. Nutzman. Sergeant Nutzman is inform and mobilize for action and to over­ without a single African-American owned fi­ retiring today from the Long Beach Police De­ come the division and discord among us that nancial institution in the country with partment after almost 26 years of .. dedicated have undermined and thwarted or struggled assets over 1 billion? service. for well over three centuries. How else can we explain this conference Conrad is a native Californian, born on Oc­ THE EBONY ALERT is an action idea for in this hotel where there is not a single writ­ tober 6, 1935, in Los Angeles. He attended el­ unity. It is grounded on a Statement of ten reference in the printed program which ementary school in Los Angeles and graduat­ Principles and Purpose, which recognizes tells us who we are. Look carefully, the only ed from Compton High School in Compton, that our effective survival and triumph de­ clue that this conference is of, by and for pends on our ability to make rational, stud­ women of African descent is the art work on CA, in February 1954. Upon graduation, he ied and unemotional judgments on where the program cover and the pictures of our entered the U.S. Marine Corps, and was hon­ our basic interests lie on important issues sisters in the ads. orably discharged in 1958. During his 4-year that affect our lives. And that the impera­ And yet, every one of us is committed, in­ tour of duty, Conrad rose to the rank of ser­ tive is for a broadly based, well informed tellectually and practically, to the basic aim geant. Shortly before leaving the Marine body of concerned citizens committed to act of achieving long run permanent reductions Corps, Sergeant Nutzman married Catherine together. in black poverty and the restoration of the J. Gresham. Every person who becomes a part of THE respect and appreciation for the heritage In 1962, Conrad moved his family to Long EBONY ALERT signs a solemn commit­ and the contributions of Africa and Ameri­ ment which is worthy of reciting here: cans of African descent. Beach. He joined the Long Beach Police "I agree to be an active part of the THE It's just that commitment alone is not Force on August 5, 1963, at the urging of an­ EBONY ALERT and solemnly commit enough. other career officer, Ed Mac Lyman. His myself to the following: Today 70 percent of us are not illiterate career with Long Beach was not all smooth 1. That I am now and will stay a regis­ and we are not poor. Concentrated in these sailing, for on April 18, 1969, while pursuing a tered voter. United States is probably the greatest pool traffic violator as a motorcycle officer, a colli­ 2. That I will always know my political of competence among persons of African de­ sion occurred which would mark the end of profile. scent in the entire world. Quite frankly if this assignment. It took him 9 months to re­ 3. That I will seek to be informed about we black Americans now lose our way and issues which affect the vital interests and fall into eclipse, it will be our fault. cover from his injuries and 19 years later, Ser­ well being of the black community as a The fundamental change in our strategy geant Nutzman would be awarded one of the whole. must be to move from the modest to the department's first Purple Hearts. 4. That I will support unity, not fragmen­ massive in our action programs. In order to further his education and profes­ tation, in the black community. Let's take literally the unpublished poem sional aspirations, Conrad attended Long 5. That I shall respond promptly to an attributed to Langston Hughes: "There's a Beach City College, which in 197 4 granted "alert" for action when I am contacted by dream in this land with its back against the him an associate arts degree in police sci­ the THE EBONY ALERT. wall. To save the dream for some, it must be ence. Then, on August 8, 1978, he was pro­ 6. That I will pay at least $5.00 a year to saved for all." the THE EBONY ALERT to cover postage The task is to focus our public policy moted to the rank of sergeant, and assigned and mailings . . . " debate around the fundamental goal of to the jail division as administrative sergeant. The third and essential part of THE achieving long run permanent reductions in In 1982, he was assigned the responsibilities EBONY ALERT is the Resource Panel of the 30% poverty level of African Ameri­ of court liaison sergeant in the court affairs informed, capable and independently cans-this debate is not about bussing, but office until September 1985, when he was 15082 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 18, 1989 then moved to the Community Relations Divi­ their local schools in an effort to better pre­ be education, bringing the finest teaching sion. He held this assignment up until today, pare themselves for college and the working techniques and methodology to our nation's capping a career of 25 years, 11 months, and world. This will not replace local teachers, but schools." 12 days. rather enhance their teaching curriculum. Mr. Foremost in the proposal is a $100 million rural investment fund that would be used to Conrad begins his retirement tomorrow, and Speaker, along these lines I would like to create revolving loan funds at the local, re­ much of it will be spent developing his "Six submit, for the benefit of my colleagues, a gional or state level to provide capital for Lil' Acre Ranch" in Anza Valley, CA, with copy of an editorial which recently appeared the development of small businesses in rural Cathy, and with his children, and grandchil­ in the Americus Times Recorder. sectors. dren. This measure is yet another example of In addition, the bill would hike Farmers My wife, Lee, joins me in extending our con­ Senator FOWLER'S deep commitment to rural Home Administration grants for poorer gratulations to Sgt. Conrad N. Nutzman. He is Georgia and rural America. Through his communities, make loans for water and a remarkable individual who has contributed Senate seats on the Agricultural Committee sewer improvements easier for rural commu­ greatly to law enforcement in the Long Beach and the Agriculture Subcommittee of the Ap­ nities and set up telecommunications sys­ propriations Committee, Senator FOWLER has tems for rural hospitals and businesses, and area. On behalf of the entire community, we other emergency problems. wish Conrad and his wife Cathy, his three chil­ shown time and time again that he will do all Fowler also said that "There are thou­ dren, Lisa Marie, Constance Lynn, and Chris­ he can to better the life in our rural communi­ sands of promising students in rural areas tine Ann, and his six grandchildren, Katerina, ties. He realizes that the way to shore-up the throughout this nation who have exhausted Kristen, Shaun, Kenneth, Dustin, and Carolyn, Nation's rural population is to offer opportuni­ some of the higher level course work avail­ all the best in the years to come. ties and incentives to those remaining in their able in their schools. This act will provide local communities. We must make these rural the teachers and the advanced course work areas attractive to our increasingly educated these students want and need to prepare for RELEASE NELSON MANDELA and mobile young people. Senator FOWLER college and beyond." realizes that they are the future of rural Amer­ We obviously cannot yet foresee the great HON. FORTNEY PETE ST ARK ica and is doing all he can to make that future bearing this legislation could have on our own communities and people. But it could OF CALIFORNIA strong. be monumental. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES [From the Americus Times Recorder, May The Times-Recorder appreciates this spe­ Tuesday, July 18, 1989 20, 1987] cific legislation, and especially Mr. Fowler's FOWLER KEPT HIS PROMISE Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, today, July 18, is steady efforts at representing the rural When the U.S. Rep. Wyche Fowler an­ people of Georgia. Nelson Mandala's 71 st birthday. He, of nounced that he would not seek re-election He kept his promise. course, will be spending this day away from to the House, but instead would run for the his wife and family, and separated from mil­ Senate, there were many objections raised lions of his fellow countrymen. from the citizenry. Particularly from rural CLEAN FUELS AND ENVIRON­ Nelson Mandala's incarceration by the sections of the state, including our own MENTAL PROTECTION ACT OF South African Government is both tragic and Southwest Georgia counties. 1989 criminal. This case symbolizes the need for "He's never been out of the Atlanta area," was the principal criticism. "What does he the United States and other allied industrial know about problems of agriculture and nations to continue to apply strong political other ones facing us?" people would ask. HON. TERRY L. BRUCE and economic pressures on the Botha govern­ And always, there was the claim that he OF ILLINOIS ment. Although South Africa is no longer was only running for the Senate because IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES front-page news and the lead on the network the Atlanta area district he had long repre­ news, we ought not refrain from continued sented was realigned and because of the Tuesday, July 18, 1989 pressure on the South African Government. heavy concentration of black population that resulted, he was a sure loser. Mr. BRUCE. Mr. Speaker, after seeing the Until the South African Government realizes This perhaps was true, but it also served outline for the acid rain portion of the Presi­ the harmful consequences of this intolerable to prove that Wyche Fowler is an intrepid dent's clean air bill, I didn't know whether to treatment of Nelson Mandela, the Botha gov­ politician-and perhaps even on his way to be pleased or panicked. The President's pro­ ernment will continue to be the focus of world­ becoming a statesman. posal was ambitious and environmentally wide shame and disdain. And any United Fowler jumped headlong into the cam­ sound. But it would also have the effect­ States company who rationalizes its business paign which included a number of impres­ sive runners, including, of course, the Re­ however unintended-of throwing tens of ties with the South African Government as thousands of hard-working Americans into the "business as usual," shares the blame for this publican incumbent Mack Mattingly. And rather than spending a great deal of streets and unfairly burdening many utility inexcusable treatment of this national hero. his time on the campaign trail in the metro­ ratepayers with cleanup costs that far exceed I appeal to the collective conscience of the politan areas of the state, he gave a real pri­ their contribution to the problem. South African Government's leadership to re­ ority to the rural sectors. And the right As one of the 11 House Members serving lease Nelson Mandela. combination and strategy proved correct as on both subcommittees with jurisdiction over Fowler won the seat beside fellow Georgian, Senator Sam Nunn. acid rain legislation, I knew that concern alone SENATOR FOWLER'S RURAL And he still hasn't forgotten about South­ would not get these needs considered. A bill EDUCATION PROGRAM west Georgia and other rural areas, and the had to be proposed. On Monday, I introduced people, since having taken office either. legislation that followed the general guidelines HON. RICHARD RAY Now, he has proved it again through legis­ set forward by President Bush last month, lation he has introduced which would pro­ while adding provisions to make the economic OF GEORGIA vide some $70 million over the next five IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES impact acceptable to all regions of the coun­ years for satellite and telecommunications try. Tuesday, July 18, 1989 technology to increase educational opportu­ nities in rural areas. During the campaign last fall, President Mr. RAY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to praise The Democrat, who somehow skillfully Bush talked about protecting the environment. the work of Senator WYCHE FOWLER in his and with the assistance of influential col­ With his proposal last month, he went a long effort to establish star schools throughout our leagues has been named to the powerful way toward meeting that promise to the Amer­ Nation's rural areas. Senator FOWLER has Senate Agriculture Committee in his fresh­ ican people. On the subjects of acid rain and successfully had this program inserted into men term, managed to get his measure ozone nonattainment, he has gone much far­ Senate Bill 1036, the Rural Partnerships Act made a part of a $300 million rural develop­ ther than I would have expected and I ap­ ment initiative which was prepared by his of 1989. It provides the funding necessary to committee to aid the growing economic plaud his leadership. After years of inaction purchase telecommunications equipment to problem in rural sections of the nation. from the administration, the President's initia­ connect students with instructors through tele­ In announcing the plan, Senator Fowler tive was indeed a breath of fresh air. vision, telephones, and computers. This will said that "One of the key components of On other fronts, however, the administration allow students to take courses not offered in any meaningful rural legislation has got to proposal does not meet its mandate. July 18, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15083 There is nothing kind or gentle about the The subsidy for scrubbing should make it pos­ CAN PLANTS FUEL SWITCH impact the President's acid rain proposal sible for our most abundant fossil fuel to Yes. The state compliance plan, to be filed would have on the Nation's mine workers. remain an energy option into the next century. by each governor, would specify how reduc­ While the outcome may not be what the Presi­ It also means that job losses for mine workers tions will be met. The reductions can be met dent expected, there is no doubt that tens of will be minimalized. through scrubbing, clean coal projects, thousands of mine workers would be jobless In many ways, my bill builds on the work energy conservation, fossil fuel switching, shortly after enactment of the President's pro­ coal switching, retirement, changes in utili­ done by others, including President Bush. I ty dispatch designed to reduce emissions, posal. have retained his freedom-of-choice ap­ precombustion cleaning of fuels, and emis­ The President has said he stands for fair­ proach. The subsidy I have included is an sions trading. ness, yet his proposal falls short on fairness option for States, but the Governors could still TRADING to Midwest utility ratepayers. The precursors decide to allow fuel switching, utility unit shut­ of acid rain-sulfur dioxide and nitrogen downs, or any of several other measures that Trading can be done <1) between utilities in a state, <2> between utility units in differ­ oxide-must be reduced, but paying for the can be used to meet reduction targets. reductions should not be done in the dispro­ ent states, (3) within utilities, <4> between On the issue of trading, I agree with the utilities and industrial sources in a state. portionate manner of the administration pro­ President's belief that we will achieve the posals. greatest possible reductions at the lowest THE FUND As Energy and Power Subcommittee Chair­ cost by allowing emisson trading and this leg­ Establishes the Clean Fuels Emission Re­ man PHIL SHARP has pointed out, nine Mid­ islation makes emissions trading practical. I duction Equity Fund. First phase payments for scrubbing cover up to 90 percent of cap­ western States contribute 51 percent of the have also borrowed heavily in many areas Nation's sulfur dioxide emissions, but the ital costs between a range of $170 and $270 from legislative language crafted by Congress­ per kilowatt of nameplate capacity for each Bush proposal would tell our ratepayers to man JIM COOPER for H.R. 144. scrubbed unit. All states are eligible for pick up 67 percent of the cleanup tab. On The broad parameters of the President's second phase payments of up to $170 per cleanup for nitrogen oxides, the bill is even proposal are excellent with my legislation, I ton of reduced S02 or NOx to a maximum of more wrong: 1O States, with 31 percent of the have fine-tuned an approach that is fair to all 80 percent for clean coal capital costs or 70 NO" emissions, would pay for 69 percent of utility ratepayers, gives preference to main­ percent of costs in the use of other technol­ the reductions. Other current proposals are taining present jobs, takes long-term advan­ ogy. Payments benefit ratepayers. worse. tage of the clean coal technologies we have THE FEE To these States, that's like eating a ham­ spent hundreds of millions in developing, and Starts at 0.3 mill per kilowatt with the Ad­ burger but paying for someone else's prime does it with the lowest possible cost to the ministrator able to adjust up to 1.0 mill per rib. We don't mind paying to clean up our private sector. kilowatt if the funding is needed. Different share of the acid rain problem, because we I believe that this proposal is fair, it is in the states can have different rates, based on recognize the importance of preserving our best interests of this Nation, and can be emissions. environment. But we will only pay our share. passed and signed into law. As I begin to look ENERGY CONSERVATION Industrial sources contribute heavily to acid for cosponsors, I hope to draw support from Conservation is encouraged and payments rain, but cleaning up utilities is far more cost all regions of the country and both parties. from the Fund will be made on the basis of effective than going after smaller industrial The quality of our air is a national concern tons removed. sources. and deserves a national solution. It also de­ I agree with the President that there is no serves a fair solution. reason to pay $1,200 to $2,000 per ton re­ SUMMARY OF H.R. 2909 INTRODUCED BY A CONSTITUTIONAL moved from industrial sources when we can CONGRESSMAN TERRY L. BRUCE AMENDMENT remove that same ton of sulfur dioxide for $300 to $400 at utilities. The question is: who DEADLINES pays? Two-phased bill with the first phase HON. JOE BARTON The bill I have introduced, H.R. 2909, in­ taking effect 6 years after date of enact­ OF TEXAS ment and the second phase ending four cludes in it a 90-percent capital cost subsidy years later. If this legislation is enacted in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that will erase much of the inequity for the 1989, that would put the dates at 1995 and States that use most of the Nation's high­ 1999, with a 3-year extension for clean coal Tuesday, July 18, 1989 sulfur coal. Those States will still have to pay technology. Mr. BARTON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, for the expensive operations and maintenance REDUCTIONS would like to submit into the CONGRESSIONAL costs, and will still be paying for slightly more The bill calls for a 10 million ton national RECORD a letter which appeared recently in than their share of the cleanup costs. All reduction in sulfur dioxide , half in the the Midlothian Reporter, a newspaper in my States will be able to benefit from the clean first phase in keeping with the President's congressional district. Entitled: "Flag Burning fuels emission reduction equity fund in the proposal. It also requires a 2 million ton cut Decision Nothing But Treason," this letter re­ second phase for use in purchasing and in­ in nitrogen oxide from a 1985 base­ flects the feelings of many individuals in my stalling clean coal technology, technologies to line. district regarding the recent U.S. Supreme control NO"' and for energy conservation pro­ ALLOCATION OF S02 REDUCTIONS Court decision which ruled acts of desecration grams. States with an actual annual average rate of the American flag as constitutional. Clean coal technology is another area above 1.2 lb./mmBtu will reduce. The Ad­ CFrom the Midlothian Reporter, June 29, where I don't think the President's beliefs ministrator will make the determination 1989) match his proposal. In giving the 3-year exten­ using a 1980 baseline-1985 if emissions have gone up. FLAG BURNING DECISION NOTHING BUT sion for clean coal technologies in the second TREASON phase, the President was recognizing that WHO MIGHT SCRUB The bill sets up a process by which 13 The recent decision by the Supreme Court many of these technologies will not be ready to sanction the burning, spitting upon, and to be used in the next 1O years. In fact, I am states will be able to receive capital cost re­ imbursement if the governor of that state mutilating of the American flag should out­ not sure that the 3-year extension is enough rage all free-loving Americans. time to allow many of these technologies to certifies that an appropriate number of plant units will scrub to meet the They used the lame excuse that it was be usable but I have let it at 3 years in this state's first phase reduction requirements. free speech. legislation. What the domestic policy council The subsidy will be limited to 90 percent of It was a symbolic gesture by a dirty-Com­ did not recognize is the massive amount of the costs of scrubber construction. O&M munist, who by his action, denounced the first phase fuel switching that would take costs will still lie with a utility's ratepayers. United States and promoted the advance­ ment of Communism in America. place with no subsidy for scrubbers. THE 13 STATES I would suggest that these unholy judges The President gave the extension for clean Alabama, Ohio, Tennessee, Indiana, Geor­ start representing the American people in­ coal, a move I have duplicated in my bill, but gia, Wisconsin, Illinois, Missouri, Maryland, stead of giving aid and comfort to the Com­ he virtually guaranteed that high-sulfur coal West Virginia, Pennsylvania, Florida, and munist scum who have bragged that they would be extinct as a fossil fuel alternative. Kentucky. will bury us. 15084 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 18, 1989 From the looks of the decision of the Su­ I would suggest you do some hard think­ boundaries. It has an ethical dimension preme Court, the court is determined to ing about our flag, and what it stands for. which is all-embracing. supply the Reds with shovels. Let me remind you that anytime a nation I hope that our meeting today will Our Constitution clearly states that allows an enemy to haul down your flag and strengthen our common resolve to work for "Giving aid and comfort to our enemies is multilate and burn it, it amounts to surren­ a world where human dignity is properly re­ treason." If this decision is not comforting der. spected and effectively safeguarded. I pray to the Communist, what is? When the Supreme Court blessed the that Almighty God will continue to grant Look at their decision on prayer in school tearing down of Old Glory by an avowed you the gifts of wisdom and understanding, and public places. They promoted the idea enemy of America, it amounted to outright so that in your noble office you will give in­ that it was dangerous to allow prayer in surrender of America to the Soviet Union. spiring leadership and ever more generous schools. Yes, it was dangerous, but not to As long as Old Glory can wave freely and service according to the best aspirations of the American people, only to the Commu­ with respect, we are free. your people and on behalf of the genuine nist party who hates the mere mention of But when it is allowed to be dragged down good of men, women and children every­ the word of God. and burned, we are on our way to being en­ where. Who did the Supreme Court render this slaved. God Bless you all. decision in favor of? Just another Commu­ Think hard and long about how many of nist beast whose name is not worthy to men­ the things that are held dear to us have tion here. been made a mockery of. INSTILL LOGIC AND REASON When are we going to wake up? Think. Think. Think. INTO PHYSICIAN PAYMENT The Communists have boasted repeatedly Delbert Ray SYSTEM that if they can take the opium (meaning religion) away from the American people, they could control the people's minds. They STATEMENT BY POPE JOHN HON. BILL RICHARDSON sure are doing this. PAUL 11-L'OSSERVATORE OF NEW MEXICO Let us examine the right to free speech ROMANO they boasted about. Did the Christian IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES people have the right to free speech in re­ Tuesday, July 18, 1989 gards to religion. The answer is No! HON. WILLIAM H. GRAY III Mr. RICHARDSON. Mr. Speaker, Congress The Constitution clearly states, and I OF PENNSYLVANIA is in the process of revising its method of re­ quote "Article 1, Congress shall make no IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES law respecting the establishment of religion, imbursing physicians under part b of Medicare or prohibiting the free exercise thereof." Tuesday, July 18, 198 9 in an effort to instill logic and reason into our When they outlawed prayer and religious Mr. GRAY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to bring physician payment system. In so doing, main­ pageants from schools and public places, to the attention of my colleagues a statement taining continuing access to health care must they violated two laws: be one of our preeminent objectives. I would 1. They made a law regarding religion, made on July 6, 1989, at the Vatican by His being the judges of when and where you Holiness, Pope John Paul II, to a congression­ like to bring to the attention of my colleagues could pray. al delegation co-led by the gentlelady from Illi­ 1O reasons, authored by the American Society 2. They forbade Christians to freely exer­ nois, LYNN MARTIN, and myself. The delega­ of Internal Medicine, to reject the imposition of cise their right to follow their religious be­ tion, consisting of 13 Members from several expenditure targets. liefs, whether in school, work, or in public States and both sides of the aisle, visited the TEN REASONS WHY CONGRESS SHOULD REJECT places, etc. Middle East and Europe on a fact-finding mis­ EXPENDITURE TARGETS Where is the Christian's rights to free speech these judges boast about! sion to study United States foreign aid, the 1. The expenditure target is not yet suffi­ Yet we are told it is okay for the enemies Middle East situation and the European Eco­ ciently developed for Congress to make an of America, under the disguise of free nomic Community open market beginning in informed decision on its advisability or fea­ speech, to talk and teach and burn our flag 1992. sibility. The administration cannot even and do everything treasonable to further At the Vatican, we were graciously granted answer such basic questions as whether tar­ the overthrow of our American government. gets work best on a national, regional, state, a private audience by the Pope. I commend carrier, or locality basis; what ser;vices they The very antidote against Communism is his inspiring words to my colleagues: religion, and we let the enemies of America should apply to and on what basis; whether promote the idea to our kids that it is dan­ Ladies and Gentlemen, I am happy to a single target is better than several targets; gerous to have simple prayer in schools. have this opportunity of meeting this Dele­ how physicians are supposed to collectively It's no wonder our kids are turning to gation from the United States Congress organize to control volume; what happens to dope. We robbed them of every decent during your visit to Rome. I greet you most access to care if the targets are exceeded; moral value and left them empty inside. cordially, a greeting which I extend to your and how the government will determine Believe in nothing and stand for nothing spouses and staff members. what is an "appropriate" increase in and I will guarantee you will become empty I have learned with much pleasure that volume. The administration asks Congress and restless inside. you are involved in foreign assistance pro­ and beneficiaries to "trust us" to come up You will continue to seek out something grams, and so I take this occasion to encour­ with the answers. But shouldn't Congress to fill that empty void. Think about it! age you in this work of providing material demand specific answers-and a detailed The prayer decision and burning of our and financial aid to those who have suffered proposal-before enacting a program with flag decision passed by the Supreme Court as a result of war or civil strife. And I thank such uncertain effects for the medical care has given the Communist party a strong you for the generosity you have shown to system? After all, once ETs are accepted, it foothold in America to further demoralize date. may be difficult to turn back. the American people. There is a fundamental truth about hu­ 2. Expenditure targets penalize precisely Next, our flag will be banned in schools. manity which is self-evident for a Christian those physicians whom the system should "Rally Around the Flag" should be our bat­ but nonetheless worth repeating frequently: reward: those who have a more conserva­ tle cry! we are one human family, irrespective of tive, lower volume style of practice. Their This flag is our symbol of freedom, pride, race, culture, language or history. This fees will be cut if their higher volume col­ and independence. truth calls us to recognize the underlying leagues cause the target to be exceeded. On How many Americans died around the solidarity and interdependence of the the other hand, physicians who are already world under this flag, in order that we as a human family as the basis for peaceful co­ inclined to "overutilize" are likely to order nation might keep our nation strong and existence. When we see our brothers and even more services, in order to maintain free. sisters in need there is a spontaneous desire their medicare revenue base should the And yet the Supreme Court treats it as a to reach out and help those who are affect­ target be exceeded and fees cut. Does it worthless rag. It makes me so mad I cannot ed by natural disasters, war or famine. The make any sense to enact a program that pe­ see straight. human spirit can and does respond with nalizes the good doctors while rewarding Don't you think it is strange that this de­ generosity to the plight of the suffering and the bad ones? cision was handed down just as we are get­ the less fortunate. The call to solidarity and 3. Similarly, expenditure targets will pe­ ting ready to celebrate our Independence assistance impels us to do all we can to nalize communities with volume that differs Day, July 4? break down the barriers which prevent us from the average. Physicians in rural areas, Is this just a cunning way for the Commu­ from reaching out with love and trust to all for example, who typically provide a lower nist party to take a slap at all the American who need our help. True human solidarity volume of services, will lose if their urban patriots who died under the flag? does not recognize political or ideological colleagues cause the target to be exceeded. July 18, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15085 If the fees of rural physicians are cut be­ hostage to expenditure targets, an historic REBUILDING LABOR AND DEMOCRACY IN cause of ETs, this will undo the benefits of opportunity for progress on reform may be POSTWAR GREECE: AN EYEWITNESS ACCOUNT the other portion of the administration's lost. Congress has before it a proposal to es­ INTRODUCTION reform package: implementation of a new tablish a Medicare fee schedule based on a Recently both the House Foreign Affairs fee schedule designed to increase payments resource based relative value scale Committee and the Agency for Internation­ for primary care services in rural communi­ . This proposal would correct many of the distortions that now adversely al Development have called for a new ties. Inner city areas that appropriately pro­ approach to American foreign aid, one vide more services per patient-due to the affect the quality, cost, and availability of care provided to Medicare patients. The ad­ which emphasizes economic growth, the poorer health status of many inner city pa­ strengthening of democratic institutions, tients, as evidenced by higher rates of ministration says it won't support RBRVS implementation without expenditure tar­ and political and economic pluralism. cancer, heart disease, and other expensive These same concepts lay at the heart of illnesses-also will be penalized because gets. Holding a good idea hostage to a bad one doesn't make sense. The administration the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall their utilization exceeds the "average" pre­ Plan-perhaps America's most successful dicted by the target. That is one of the basic tells Congress that there are only two choices: mandating ETs, despite all of the foreign aid programs. In considering the problems with ETs: it assumes that all pa­ future of American foreign assistance, tients are average, when in fact, the needs dangers, questions, concerns and uncertain­ ties discussed above, or doing nothing. But therefore, perhaps one should also consider of individual patients-and the communities its past. in which they live-may be far different there is another choice, if Congress has the wisdom to take it: enact an RBRVS fee President Harry S. Truman launched the than the average. Truman Doctrine in 1947 to help Greece's 4. There is no reason to believe that the schedule, but reject expenditure targets. 10. There is a viable alternative to ETs fragile new democratic government rebuild medical community can collectively organize its devastating postwar economy and to control volume, especially if ETs are im­ that can reduce the volume of ineffective services without placing Medicare patients counter an emerging communist challenge. plemented in fiscal year 1990. Even though The Truman Doctrine, for the first time the profession is committed to reducing in­ at risk. That alternative is to embark on an aggressive program of outcomes research ever, included a small but significant labor effective services, there are a host of practi­ program aimed at assisting Greek democrat­ cal and legal obstacles to collective action. and development of practice guidelines, so that physicians-and the Medicare pro­ ic trade unions and the labor ministry con­ One suspects that proponents of ETs recog­ tribute to Greece's recovery. nize the difficulties involved in collective gram-can identify, and eliminate, ineffec­ tive services. Practice guidelines can be de­ The success of this first experiment in action, and are really more interested in ob­ international labor assistance was later ex­ taining an easy mechanism to cut the Medi­ veloped to begin having an impact within the same time frame contemplated by pro­ tended to other countries in Western care budget than in reducing ineffective Europe under the Marshall Plan, and to lit­ services. ponents of ETs. Expenditure targets are not needed to stimulate physicians to develop erally dozens of Third World countries 5. Without a scientific basis to separate under programs administered by the Agency out ineffective from effective services, ETs and support practice guidelines. The Patient Outcomes Research Bill, S. 702, and the for International Development and the U.S. may force reductions in appropriate serv­ Department of Labor. More recently, how­ ices. ETs can reduce volume only if physi­ Health Care Research and Policy Act, H.R. 2601, provide the framework for a national ever, these efforts have declined as shifting cians decline to provide certain services that AID priorities focused on other areas. they otherwise would have ordered on policy on effectiveness research and prac­ tices guidelines. We urge Congress to sup­ In February 1989, Lydia Sigelakis of the behalf of their patients. Without a rational Labor Department's Bureau of Internation­ basis for evaluating the effectiveness of port those proposals-and to reject expendi­ ture targets. al Affairs, interviewed Alan Strachan, one each service, physicians will be unable to of America's first labor advisors under the reduce volume without risking a reduction Truman Doctrine. In the exchange which in needed services. ETs place physicians in follows, Mr. Strachan provides an eyewit­ an inherent conflict of interest: if they pro­ BACK TO THE FUTURE IN PRO­ MOTING INTERNATIONAL RE­ ness account of American efforts to help re­ vide their patients with all of the services build labor and democracy in postwar that they believe are needed, the target may SPECT FOR WORKER RIGHTS be exceeded and their fees cut; if they don't Greece. provide those services, they'll gain financial­ HON.DONALDJ.PEASE LABOR AND DEVELOPMENT ly at the risk of compromising the health of Question. Let's begin with an almost phil­ their patients. Do we really want physicians OF OHIO osophical question: Do you think, based on to choose between underproviding needed IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES your vast experience in Greece and else­ services or seeing their fees cut? Tuesday, July 18, 1989 where, that it's important to help develop 6. There is no reason to believe that the independent labor unions and improve Government is capable of predicting in ad­ Mr. PEASE. Mr. Speaker, in the past 5 wages and working conditions hand-in-hand vance what the volume of services should be years the Congress has led the way in statu­ with overall development efforts in order to in any given year. Is there any reason to be­ torily linking respect for fundamental worker ensure sound economic growth? lieve that the same people who can't accu­ rights to the conduct of U.S. trade and invest­ Answer. Oh, there's no question about it. rately predict inflation, interest rates, or ment policies. This year the Congress is A good, educated, more understanding, shall the deficit in any given year will do a better taking the first steps to include respect for we say, well disciplined labor movement is job in predicting how many services Medi­ worker rights among the basic criteria to be an asset for economic growth. I'm not sure care patients really need? And if their pre­ you can have economic growth without dictions are wrong, it is the patient who met by foreign countries seeking foreign as­ some kind of emphasis on the labor force. loses. The health of Medicare patients is sistance from the U.S. Department of State I should think that anybody who had any just too important to take that gamble. and the Agency for International Develop­ common sense who wanted to improve his 7. Expenditure targets are inherently dis­ ment. country, say a Minister in the country, criminatory against Medicare patients. In The worker rights provisions in the Interna­ would realize that he has to develop the 1965, Congress promised the elderly that tional Cooperation Act of 1989 (H.R. 2655) labor of the country. The better the labor Medicare would provide them with care that may seem like novel steps for U.S. foreign movement is, the more educated it is, the is equal to, or better, than that available to aid, but, in fact, they harken back to some of better it is for the country's economy. A worker produces more under better, all other Americans. As the only group that the most successful foreign assistance pro­ would now be subject to a limit on total dol­ safer working conditions and higher wages. lars spent on their medical care, ETs would grams ever undertaken by the U.S. Govern­ He's not worrying about what he's going to break that promise. ment-the Truman doctrine and the Marshall get paid . I 8. Expenditure targets will shift costs to plan of the late 1940's. don't think you can have a good economy all other patients, businesses, and insurers. I commend to the reading of my colleagues unless you have adequate working condi­ As the dollars spent on Medicare are the following interview with 86-year-old Alan tions and wages. capped, the costs of treating Medicare pa­ Strachan, one of America's first labor advisers Question. Can we take Greece as an exam­ tients will inevitably be passed through to under the Truman doctrine. I applaud the U.S. ple? It had been occupied by the Germans all other patients. Is it fair to impose a Department of Labor for collecting this very during the Second World War. What shape hidden tax on all patients because the ad­ was it in when you got there? ministration no longer wants Medicare to valuable oral history in a recently published Answer. I was there from 1947 to 1953. pay its fair share of the bill? pamphlet entitled "Rebuilding Labor and De­ The German army had ravaged the whole 9. If the administration continues to insist mocracy in Postwar Greece: An Eyewitness country. And they did it very scientifically. on holding reform of the payment system Account". They destroyed all the key parts of the rail- 15086 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 18, 1989 ways-they took all the fireboxes out, for Harriman CSecretary of Commerce] tells resign if they went ahead with the propos­ instance. The whole economy was shattered. him he needs a labor division over there. als in our experts' report. It came before the Not only bombed out and destroyed, but the Question. You were one of the first labor Greek cabinet, and I happened to be sitting whole financial system was absolutely in advisors to go to Greece under the Truman in the cabinet meeting. The cabinet decided chaos. The economy was just a wreck. Doctrine. What were your objectives? What to go along with our experts' report and Greek politics also was in complete chaos. was your role? signed it. But they had this rule-an action The government had been in exile in several Answer. Well, our objectives, of course, doesn't become law until it's published the different places during the war. They were were to balance the economy and get labor next day. Well, I saw them sign it-I was brought back by the allied forces and to play a collective bargaining role as we un­ there-and I saw them take it to the printer. formed a coalition government. They were derstood it back in the States. The first But it never got printed; it got "lost." The mixed up between conservatives, liberals, thing with the trade unions, and almost the Prime Minister told me afterwards that he right wing, left wing-you never knew how last thing, was the question of money­ was against it and was only doing it because they were going to vote. There might be six wages. They had terrific inflation in Greece he thought we wanted it. Anyway, I won out or seven political parties in the coalition. back then. My role was, first of all, deter­ on that one. That was social security. And one of the great problems of these coa­ mining labor wages. POSITIVE RESULTS lition governments-if they didn't like some­ Another problem was trying to find out thing they'd resign, and the government how many unemployed there were. The sta­ Question. Were you able to make any would fall. I had seventeen Labor ministers tistics were very inaccurate. We tried to get changes in social security? while I was there. That's how upset it was, that straightened out with the Ministry of Answer. Oh yes. We made the changes the whole thing. Labor. that I and the unions had worked out. Question. What was the situation like for Also, I was very interested in teaching Question. Were they successful? Greek labor? people skilled work through vocational edu­ Answer. I would say it was successful. But Answer. The labor unions had been de­ cation programs in schools around the coun­ in this case, had we made the changes that stroyed by the Greek dictator Metaxas. In try, not just in Athens. We did very well. We our people wanted, it would have been a dis­ 1936 he did away with all democratic organi­ financed a number of schools in small aster. zations in Greece, and of course the labor towns, bought them equipment. I remember Question. What was the impact of your movement was one of them. When we went two or three went very well. And up at Sa­ work on Greek labor? in there, there was no real organized labor lonika-my God, it seemed that we had Answer. Well I think it brought some kind movement. It was all underground, roaming almost built a university, last time I was of organization to it. They didn't have work around in little groups here and there. That there! stoppages and strikes every day in Greece was one of our problems-they represented Question. Your main role was helping like they did before. A country can avoid every damn political group in the country. Greek unions. What was your relationship strikes and instability by well-trained labor Question. What about the communist with the labor leaders? groups and a more disciplined workforce. threat-Soviet subversion and the guerilla Answer. Oh, a very close one. I attended Question. Would you say that by helping war? all the big meetings. Most of what we did Greek labor you helped Greek economic de· Answer. The communist threat was there, was behind the scenes-you didn't make it velopment? but I don't think the Communist Party was too obvious. They'd come to see me and I'd Answer. Oh yes, very much so. I couldn't very strong. It was so mixed up, survival was tell them what I thought they ought to do believe it, in some areas, after we left more important than political action. But or ought not to do. Greece, Greece was exporting wheat. I the communists were beginning to organize As part of the Mission program, we sent a never knew they could export any wheat. parades and demonstrations. The commu­ lot of labor people-from the unions and And the railroads looked much better. nists had their eye on Greece as a warm the Labor Ministry-to the States for train­ Stores were much better. Everything else water port. That's what they really wanted ing. We'd begin in Washington to give them seemed to be working pretty well. Greece Athens for. They had no direct exit to the a briefing, then they'd meet with American started to produce and export and did Mediterranean. They had to go through the unions and companies. The trouble was to rather well for a while. Black Sea. They never got it, but that's find somewhere in the States where they'd Question. What lessons from helping what they were after. learn something, because we were too far Greek labor could be applicable to today's The guerrillas were chased out of the ahead. Everything was so modern here com­ foreign assistance programs? country by the British, but they came back pared to what they had that they were just Answer. I hate to say this, but I think and organized in the hills. They were a ter­ flabbergasted. you've got to have a certain kind of person rible nuisance. I'd say that most of the rural Question. What kind of assistance did you dealing with these countries. You can't go in areas of Greece were controlled by the Com­ give to the Greek Labor Ministry? and tell them, "In the United States we do munists. Answer. I was in to see the Minister at it this way or that way." They get sick of lis­ TRUMAN DOCTRINE AND LABOR ASSISTANCE least once or twice a week. I'd give him tening to that. You'll find sometimes some Question. What led to the Truman Doc­ advice or might ask him to do something. very good reasons why they do it differently trine? He was also a member of parliament. from us. You've got to have somebody who's Answer. The British army was defending We made one study of wages and cost of willing to listen to the other side. Greece, so when the war ended they were living. We took people from the Greek left trying to help a country that was bank­ Labor Ministry and showed them what to DOUGLAS ALAN STRACHAN rupt and in terrible shape. But Britain was do-how to go into a village and get some Douglas Alan Strachan was born in having its own economic problems and just idea of the standard of living. It was a very, London, England August 6, 1903 and came didn't have any resources. They came to the very nice job. The purpose was to show to the U.S. twenty-three years later. He United States, to Truman, and told him that them that they ought to do this, and at the started out as a toolmaker in the automo­ they could not hold Greece much longer, so same time give us more accurate informa­ bile industry in Detroit, and later held vari­ would we take it over. Now this, you under­ tion about what went on in the small towns ous jobs in the United Auto Workers, CIO. stand, is a really important part of our his­ and villages. Mr. Strachan held several positions on the tory-we had never done anything like this Question. What kinds of special problems War Production Board: Labor Advisor before. did you face? <1941>, Director of the Automotive division Question. How did the labor assistance Answer. A well known businessman in <1943-44), and Deputy Vice Chairman of the program become part of the Truman Doc­ Greece came to us and said, "Look, IKA Office of Labor Production <1944-45). trine? is in During his career in Greece he started as Answer. The British Trades Union Con­ such a mess that you simply must look into the Assistant Labor Advisor to the Ameri­ gress, the TUC, came to us and said look, it." I looked into it and agreed it was pretty can Mission for Aid to Greece <1947-48) and we've got to get the Greek labor movement awful. So we had a team of three experts became Director of the Labor and Manpow­ back on its feet. Could you help us out of come over and they spent about six months er Division of the Mutual Security Agency this mess? So we sent Sam Berger, our labor there, then went back and wrote a paper on in Greece. Mr. Strachan was labor program to rebuild the Greek labor American standards to a different situation labor consultant and Chief of the Labor movement. which they didn't understand-our people Training Division of the Office of Labor Af· Question. Was Truman a promoter of wanted to make Greece's social security fairs, International Cooperation Administra­ labor assistance? system like ours. tion Washington, and later held the Answer. Yes, I think you'd say he was a We got into a terrible fight over this. following posts abroad: Provincial Director promoter. You didn't have to struggle to They absolutely had the unions in an Lahore ICA Mission, Pakistan <1959-62); win him over, particularly when CAverelll uproar, and I wound up threatening to Deputy Chief of Mission, ICA, Egypt <1963- July 18, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15087 65>; Deputy Chief of Mission, ICA, Viet lion active, National Guard and Reserve earn current in-service or veterans' educa­ Nam <1965-66>; director of the Colombo Servicemen and Servicewomen who stand tion and housing benefits, based upon their Plan, Sri Lanka, (1966-69). Since his retire­ ready to give their lives in the Nation's de­ period of national service. ment in 1973, Mr. Strachan has been writing fense. The Department opposes enactment The Department of Defense supports the and travelling. of this bill because we believe, as written, it concept of national service and is proud of would reduce operational readiness, compli­ the 3.3 million active, National Guard and cate mobilization, and increase Federal ex­ Reserve Servicemen and Servicewomen who, DOD SAYS "NO" TO NUNN- penditures significantly in a constrained under challenging circumstances, are pre­ McCURDY VOLUNTARY NA- fiscal environment. It is not needed to meet pared to give their lives in the Nation's de­ TIONAL SERVICE BILL military manpower requirements. The anal­ fense. The Department's opposition to the ysis leading to this position is enclosed. We proposed Citizenship and National Service HON. G.V. (SONNY) expect the President to submit his own Act of 1989 is based upon the need to sus­ youth service bill in the near future, which tain operational readiness and to meet mo­ MONTGOMERY we urge you to support. bilization requirements in a constrained OF MISSISSIPPI People are our top priority, and the fiscal environment. This proposed legisla­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Amended Budget Submission provides re­ tion could prove detrimental to both of sources required to arrest negative recruit­ these critical national security interests, Tuesday, July 18, 1989 ing trends. Key military recruiting require­ would increase Federal expenditures by Mr. MONTGOMERY. Mr. Speaker, I'm cer­ ments and has been touted by its chief proponents as a this package should preserve our competi­ means of awakening "a new spirit of civic ob­ service that is not compensated with Feder­ tive position with education and industry. al dollars, because he believes that service is ligation and participation in America." But The Office of Management and Budget its own reward. what they fail to mention is that it would, in advises that from the standpoint of the Ad­ For the last several years, the Military fact, seriously diminish our military strength, ministration's program there is no objection Services have successfully recruited the both in personnel numbers and quality. This is to the presentation of this report for consid­ high-quality people demanded by the in­ supported by the Department of Defense. eration of the Committee. A similar letter has been sent to the creasing complexity of modern national se­ Senator SAM NUNN, coauthor of the legisla­ Chairmen and Ranking Republicans of the curity strategy and the high-technology tion, has said the bill is meant "to expand the House Committee on Armed Services and weapon and support systems being acquired military's recruitment and training base and the Senate Committees on Armed Services to execute it. While concern that it may be bring about better social representation in our and Labor and Human Resources. difficult to sustain this level of success in the immediate future is one basis for this Armed Forces." Senator NUNN has also said: Sincerely, legislation, the increased cost of doing so "Obviously, we will need the Department of L. NIEDERLEHNER, through adjustment to currently authorized Defense's support and expertise in refining Deputy General Counsel. Enclosure: as stated. recruiting and retention programs is meas­ enlistment options for citizen soldiers * * *". ured in millions of dollars, rather than the He does not have this support. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE VIEWS ON billions this legislation could cost. By the S. 3 /H.R. 660 Representative DAVE MCCURDY, the other time the programs envisioned by the legisla­ chief proponent, has expressed his deep con­ CITIZENSHIP AND NATIONAL SERVICE ACT OF tion would be implemented, the 15-year de­ 1989 cern over "the prospect of a declining pool of cline in the youth population that has re­ This report summarizes the views of the ceived such wide publicity will be over, and youth available for military service" and has Department of Defense on S. 3/H.R. 660, another expansion will have begun. claimed that "This shortage will threaten the lOlst Congress, a bill "To establish a corpo­ The national service program outlined in quality of our Armed Forces * * * ". According ration to administer a program of voluntary the proposed legislation would likely lead to to the Department of Defense, his citizenship national service, and for other purposes." lower overall military recruit quality, as the and National Service Act would only exacer­ Because the volunteer force has proven to civilian service options are significantly bate the problem. be highly effective and we have demonstrat­ more attractive than all currently available The Department of Defense says the enact­ ed the ability to attract the number of military service options and those proposed ment of the bill would do great harm to the people we will need during the next decade, in the bill. Preliminary estimates indicate there is no need for either a peacetime draft military compensation, recruiting, training military from a personnel standpoint. As DOD or national service to satisfy military man­ and retention costs would have to be in­ puts it, the bill "would reduce operational power requirements. There is, however, a creased between $3-13 billion to sustain cur­ readiness, complicate mobilization, and in­ strong need to sustain our success by main­ rent levels of recruit quality without drasti­ crease Federal expenditures significantly in a taining the purchasing power and competi­ cally reducing experience levels if S. 3/H.R. constrained fiscal environment." tive appeal of recruiting/retention re­ 660 is enacted. Mr. Speaker, I would like to share with my sources, incentives and military compensa­ The alternative is unacceptable. Because colleagues a letter to the committee from the tion. We request your support in doing this. of the large influx of 2-year enlistments, the We cannot afford to bid up the price for training base would Office of General Counsel detailing the DOD military manpower by setting up competi­ have to expand markedly. In addition, unit position on this unnecessary legislation. tive forms of service. training work loads, personnel turbulence, [The letter and comments follow:] S. 3 /H.R. 660 would establish a program and attrition experienced in active and Re­ DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE, of voluntary national service, and require serve operational units would all increase. OFFICE OF GENERAL COUNSEL, successful participation to qualify for Feder­ Minimum overseas tour lengths would need Washington, DC, July 11, 1989. al educational assistance. Options for serv­ to be cut, sharply increasing permanent Hon. G.V. could be used to assist readiness. ment of Defense on H.R. 660, lOlst Con­ with education, vocational training, or the The Department of Defense is also con­ gress, a bill "To establish a corporation to purchase/construction of a home. Civilian cerned with the potential economic impacts administer a program of voluntary national participants would be provided health insur­ of this bill. If the promise of guaranteed op­ service, and for other purposes." ance and be paid $100 per week, while mili­ portunities for all who volunteer is fulfilled, The Department of Defense believes in tary participants would earn 66 percent of program costs could grow to several million service to America. It is proud of the 3.3 mil- basic military compensation and could not participants each year, with costs of many 15088 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 18, 1989 billions of dollars. Limiting the program to special education, bilingual education, and tion Agency, the Consumer Product Safety about a million participants would raise seri­ English as a second language teachers. With Commission, and the Department of Transpor­ ous questions of equity in selection of par­ partial scholarships toward a Master of Arts in tation which were signed by 75 Members of ticipants; since this is only about half the Congress asking those agencies to promul­ number of college freshmen who receive Education, Teachers College is recruiting and Federal educational assistance. In addition, training former Peace Corps educators for gate regulations which would eliminate the any of the "forgotten half" of high school duty in New York's public schools. What use of the LD-50 test. graduates demands healthy, job­ Mr. MFUME. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to in­ creating growth. This is not possible as long does not provide a sufficient carrot-and­ troduce legislation which will designate the as the cost of debt service exceeds 6% of the stick to get the banks off dead center, the week of February 11 to February 17, 1990 as gross domestic product and 80% of the value Bush Administration must find other ways "National Vocational-Technical Education to put additional pressure on the banks. To of Mexico's total exports. Week". I call upon this Congress and the The cost of debt service must be sharply do less risks our well-developed and many­ faceted relationship with our most impor­ President to recognize the significance and reduced. Both sides of the table have come value of vocational and technical education. to realize this. The questions are: How, and tant southern neighbor. by how much, can it be reduced? The value of preserving a friendly, stable, Mr. Speaker, this legislation is quite similar While some narrowing of the spread be­ prosperous, democratic Mexico on the other to House Joint Resolution 572, which over­ tween the two positions is duly noted, the side of the 2,000-mile land border that we whelmingly passed this House during the bankers and the Mexican negotiators still share is incalculable. It 'far exceeds what­ 1OOth Congress. Senator SARBANES has re­ find themselves in an adversarial relation­ ever it would cost to get the bankers and the cently introduced a companion bill, Senate ship-as on opposite sides of the bargaining Mexicans to the same side of the table. Joint Resolution 130. table. Yet their goals are not that different. This legislation will help to bring out the sig­ The banks must recognize by now that their nificance of vocational programs to many of self-interest requires a stable, prosperous, growing Mexican economy. Only in this our communities and young adults. Vocational happy circumstance can they hope to recov­ THE 10,000TH SBA 504 LOAN and technical education serves multiple er any substantial amount of their principal goals-preparing students not only for jobs, and realize a reasonable return on that re­ but also to encourage these students to fur­ duced amount as it is being repaid. HON. ROD CHANDLER ther their education, and providing alternative When I was U.S. ambassador to Mexico, I learning experiences that can reduce the never found any conflict of interest in work­ OF WASHINGTON dropout rate in our schools. ing on behalf of the United States to en­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES As a nation we must continue our fight for courage a prosperous, democratic, stable Mexico. What was good for Mexico, on most better schools and vocational-technical educa­ issues, also was in the best interest of the Tuesday, July 18, 1989 tion is an integral part of such a fight. Voca­ United States. tional-technical education programs prepare The commercial bankers are in a similar Mr. CHANDLER. Mr. Speaker, I am proud to our young people for today's working world by situation. The Bush Administration's Brady acknowledge the Seattle District Office of the increasing their knowledge and improving th.eir Plan has acknowledged the need for reduc­ U.S. Small Business Administration for award­ skills and aptitudes. ing the principal of Third World debt. The ing its 1O,OOOth loan under the Certified De­ According to the Department of Labor. 80 banks themselves, during the recent period velopment Company Loan Program, known as percent of the jobs in our country require the when debt-for-equity swaps were being used to encourage foreign investment in Mexico, the 504 program. kind of skills usually taught in vocational edu­ cation programs. Vocational studifots already created a secondary market for Mexican ob­ This 10,000th loan was made in May of this ligations. That market currently values make up a large portion of the high school Mexico's sovereign debt at less than 50 cents year to Baxter Manufacturing, Inc. of Orting, population in many of our districts. Greater at­ on the dollar. WA, located in the Eighth Congressional Dis­ tention needs to be given to the value of vo­ Time is running out. The narrow and trict which I represent. cational and technical education programs hotly disputed election victory of President Mr. John Talerico is District Director of the and the contribution that they make to the Carlos Salinas de Gortari last July indicated livelihood of our communities. Seattle District Office of the SBA; Mr. Hal that Mexicans' traditional acceptance of Mr. Speaker, to ensure greater competitive­ their economic plight may be nearing the Wolf is Regional Administrator. For a program ness among our Nation's industries we must breaking point. that came very close to extinction a few years continue to train workers of the future. Voca­ Salinas' every move in office has strength­ ago, I think the Seattle office should be con­ ened his credibility and restored Mexicans' tional-technical training can provide America's confidence that the system can be made to gratulated for its achievements. In addition to future workers with the ability to increase pro­ work. But he needs a successful resolution guaranteeing loans to small businesses, the ductivity and to compete in world labor mar­ of the debt crisis-and soon. Mexico's for­ Seattle office provides counseling and other kets. eign reserves are being depleted. There are forms of assistance to about 8,900 business­ I urge my colleagues to join me in bringing suggestions in some news reports that sup­ es in the region. port may be eroding for the responsible, attention to the significance and value of vo­ nonconfrontational position that Mexican Baxter Manufacturing makes bakery ovens cational-technical education by cosponsoring debt negotiators have taken. and equipment for use in the baking industry. Vocational-Technical Education Week. Last month, President Salinas again dis­ Their annual sales in fiscal year 1988 were played effective leadership by hammering out a renewal of the anti-inflation pact with over $12 million. I am aware that the White SECTION 1440 OF THE FARM labor and business. This policy has, in House has one of their ovens. BILL REVIEWED recent years, reduced Mexico's annual rate of inflation from nearly 160% to about 19%. Baxter Manufacturing is owned by Max and Many felt that a new pact could not be Thelma Baxter and Marlen and Marlene HON.E.THOMASCOLEMAN achieved prior to a resolution of the debt Palmer. They employ a total of 138 people. OF MISSOURI crisis. The fact that it has strengthens the Their SBA loan guaranty will be used for con­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES negotiating position of Mexico. But the struction of an 80,000-square-foot office and Tuesday, July 18, 1989 president still needs to get this critical issue warehouse and will create 43 new jobs in behind him. Pierce County, WA. Mr. COLEMAN of Missouri. Mr. Speaker, the A workable solution of the debt crisis Congressional Rural Caucus recently heard would encourage the return to Mexico of More than ever, small businesses are the domestic capital that has moved abroad. A testimony regarding the administration of sec­ breakdown of negotiations or a protracted backbone of our economy. I salute the SBA tion 1440 of the 1985 farm bill. As the author delay of the debt's resolution could have the for encouraging and assisting the entrepre­ of that section I am impressed with the good opposite effect. neurs of our country. work the extension service has made in its im- July 18, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15093 plementation. This year's agriculture appro­ Kansas-The program was closely coordi­ agencies, including mental health employ­ priation bill contains $3.35 million to fund this nated with ongoing programs, including the ment and training, vocational rehabilita­ program for next year. I include a copy of the Farmers Assistance, Counseling, and Train­ tion, State Department of Agriculture, ing Services . public libraries . and public schools (youth stress). the United States is located in my congres­ and the other NATO nations, the United Also cooperating were the state bankruptcy conference, the farm bureau, the state bar sional district: Actors Theatre of Louisville. States needs to assess its own strength. and veterinary medical associations, the Actors Theatre is renowned for the high Much of that strength is economic, and we dairymen's association, the migrant educa­ quality and professionalism of its perform­ must not hesitate to use it if we wish to pre­ tion program, the natural organic farmers' ances of the classics of the theatre. And, it vent our isolation on the world stage. association, and sub-state planning and de­ has achieved international repute for its pro­ The fact that this generation of Soviet lead­ velopment districts. ductions of new works by young American ers has learned to smile and to wear tailored In summary, it appears that cooperation playwrights. suits does not mean the Soviet Union has, all was obtained from as many agencies, organi­ Now located on Louisville's historic Main of a sudden, abandoned its dreams of world zations, and groups as necessary to assure that dislocated and financially distressed Street in a building designated as a national domination. farm families received whatever help they landmark, Actors Theatre has served the Lou­ needed to cope with the problems they isville area for some 25 years. It has given faced and to adjust to new economic and over 1,000 performances of a wide range of CONGRATULATIONS ADAM social circumstances in their families. theatrical dramas, musicals, and other offer­ FISHMAN ings. HON. RONALD K. MACHTLEY A TRIBUTE TO GIL HEARD Actors Theatre of Louisville has captured numerous awards during its rich history includ­ OF RHODE ISLAND HON. ROBERT W. DAVIS ing a Special Tony Award in 1980. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Recently, Actors Theatre returned from Fin­ Tuesday, July 18, 1989 OF MICHIGAN land where the players served as America's IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES representative to the International Theatre ln­ Mr. MACHTLEY. Mr. Speaker, it is my dis­ Tuesday, July 18, 1989 stitute's world theatre festival. Finland is the tinct pleasure to congratulate Adam Fishman, 15th nation in which Actors Theatre has ap­ of Providence, RI, this year's recipient of the Mr. DAVIS. Mr. Speaker, Gil Heard, a man peared. First Annual Ronald K. Machtley Award for who I have known and admired for years, was I extend to Actors Theatre and its guiding Hope High School in Providence, RI. recently honored by being inducted into the force all this quarter century-Jon Jory-my This award is presented to the student, College Sports Information Directors of Amer­ thanks as a native Louisvillian for all the credit chosen by Hope High School, who demon­ ica [CoSIDA] Hall of Fame. Gil has been an and acclaim Actors brought to our local com­ strates a mature blend of academic achieve­ integral part of northern Michigan's sporting munity, to the Commonwealth of Kentucky, ment, community involvement and leadership community for many years, and I would like to and to the world of performing arts. qualities. extend my congratulations on his fine achieve­ On behalf of the city of Louisville, the Adam has clearly met this criteria by being ment. county of Jefferson, and the State, I wish an honor roll student. He is also vice presi­ Gil was formerly sports information director Actors Theatre of Louisville many more years dent of the senior class and is active in com­ for Northern Michigan University in Marquette, of success and accomplishment. munity service. Ml. He retired last year after 23 years of dedi­ I commend Adam for his achievements and cated service. He came to Northern Michigan wish him all the best in his future endeavors. University after working 11 years as sports di­ EXPENSE OF SOVIET WAR MA­ rector at WMIQ radio in Iron Mountain, Ml. For CHINE SENDS POLES BEGGING 19 years he performed the play-by-play duties FOR AMERICAN DOLLARS AMWAY CORP. RECEIVES for the Northern Michigan University Wildcat UNITED NATIONS AWARD football and basketball radio networks. HON. GERALD 8.H. SOLOMON He attended the University of Michigan and OF NEW YORK HON. PAUL 8. HENRY received his bachelor's degree from NMU in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF MICHIGAN 1970. The Ontonagon, Ml native served as IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES secretary to the university's athletic council, Tuesday, July 18, 1989 and, in addition to membership in CoSIDA, Mr. SOLOMON. Mr. Speaker, I hope other Tuesday, July 18, 1989 was a member of the Football Writers Asso­ Members notice the interesting juxtaposition Mr. HENRY. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to ciation and U.S. Basketball Writers Associa­ of two Washington Post headlines last week. report to my colleagues that Amway Interna­ tion. On July 12, one headline told us "Soviet tional, headquartered in Ada, Ml, has recently Gil helped found the Upper Peninsula Says Bush's Goal Unreachable." Another received the prestigious and coveted "Envi­ Sports Hall of Fame, and currently serves as headline the same day informed us that ronmental Achievement Award" from the its secretary. He was recognized for his efforts "Poles Disappointed By Bush's Offer Of In­ United Nations Environment Program. Amway in helping organize the Upper Peninsula All­ vestment Aid." Corp. Chairman Jay VanAndel and President Star Basketball Classic for high school boys The accompanying stories reported, respec­ Richard DeVos accepted the award on behalf and girls. Elected to the NMU Sports Hall of tively, that the Soviets wouldn't be able to of Amway International at the United Nations Fame in 1987, he was also honored by the make the reductions in conventional forces in New York City on World Environment Day, Upper Peninsula Sportswriters and Sports­ urged by President Bush, and that Polish offi­ June 5, 1989. casters Association in 1980 for his dedication cials had been hoping for billions, rather than This year alone, Amway Corp. is sponsoring to sports in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. merely millions, of American investment aid. three environmental programs designed to Gil was inducted into the CoSIDA Hall of The connection between the two stories raise world awareness of problems plaguing Fame on July 6, 1989 in Washington, DC. should be obvious. If the Soviet Union's com­ our fragile sphere. This past spring, Amway Once again, I would like to express my sin­ munist masters spent less money enslaving supported an international team in the lcewalk cere congratulations to Gil for his accomplish­ the Poles and the rest of Eastern Europe with Expedition to the North Pole which on May 14 ments, and thank him for his contribution to their expensive war machine, there might be a planted the flag of the United Nations at the the sports community in northern Michigan. few rubles to spare for the development of North Pole. July 18, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15095 Amway is one of the first corporations to In November, several French officials traveled society launched a 2-year, nationwide cam­ participate in the American Forestry Associa­ to Tampa to see the band perform live. paign to encourage America to discover its tion's Global Releaf project. The Forestry As­ The style and quality of the band impressed "Hometown Heroes," the recipients of our Na­ sociation has set a goal of 100 million trees to the visitors so much that the French Govern­ tion's highest military award, and to assure be planted by the year 1992. And in an effort ment promptly offered the university an all ex­ them the honor and respect they rightly de­ to help reach this goal, Amway is giving seed­ pense paid trip to participate in the bicenten­ serve. lings to all its employees and major distribu­ nial celebration. Including chaperons and uni­ According to the society, 3,393 people have tors. The company is also sponsoring a spe­ versity officials, 235 people were treated to a been awarded the Medal of Honor. In many cial display at the United Nations headquar­ once-in-a-lifetime experience in the French instances, unfortunately, information about ters of Inuit stone sculptures. This exhibition, capital. some recipients and their deeds is sadly lack­ entitled "Masters of the Artie," showcases the By all accounts, the French Government ing. The society knows that there are more diverse culture and history of the Inuit people. made the right choice. They were not disap­ than 400 Medal of Honor recipients who have Mr. Speaker, Amway Corp. has been a pointed. Neither were the 1 million spectators been lost, with no known record of what hap­ good corporate citizen to the people of west lining the parade route. The Marching 100, na­ pened to them. Michigan, home to its international headquar­ tionally famous for their rapid, high stepping This is a tragedy as the names and accom­ ters. It is therefore a particular honor to see it maneuvers, thrilled the crowd with tunes com­ plishments of these individuals who received receive international recognition by the United posed by the Godfather of Soul James Brown their country's highest military award for "gal­ Nations for its contributions to environmental and moon-walking techniques made popular lantry and intrepidity at the risk of their lives understanding and stewardship. I know that by pop artist Michael Jackson. above and beyond the call of duty" would for­ my colleagues join with me in extending con­ The French Government could have hon­ ever be preserved and remembered. gratulations to the thousands upon thousands ored any band in America with an invitation to The society hopes to make America's of Amway employees and distributors who play before the biggest celebration in French hometowns aware of their Medal of Honor re­ share in this award. history. But they chose a band from Florida. cipients, inspire school children, college stu­ As Florida A&M University President Dr. dents, and others to research their communi­ Frederick S. Humphries said, IN RECOGNITION OF THE ties for background on their hometown FLORIDA A&M MARCHING BAND This trip to Paris represents a great honor heroes, and encourage the placing of special for Florida A&M University, the State uni­ gravemarkers on unmarked burial sites of versity system, the State of Florida and the United States of America. Medal of Honor recipients. HON. BILL GRANT It plans to distribute this new information to OF FLORIDA On July 15, weary but ecstatic from the ex­ libraries, museums, and the Congressional IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES perience, the band returned to Tallahassee. Medal of Honor Society national archives for Tuesday, July 18, 1989 Despite arriving near midnight, the band was use by future Americans. greeted at the airport by more than 1,000 As dean of the Congressional Pennsylvania Mr. GRANT. Mr. Speaker, on the night of well-wishers. July 14, the French Revolution bicentennial Delegation, I am especially proud that our Today will be Florida A&M day in T allahas­ State, which has 37 4 Medal of Honor recipi­ celebration culminated in the Bastille Day see. A downtown noon celebration is planned Parade down the Champs Elysees, the broad ents accredited to it, has been selected by the to honor the Marching 100. society to be a flagship in its project. avenue which cuts through the heart of Paris. Mr. Speaker, the Marching 100 has previ­ The parade was witnessed by 33 heads of The Freedoms Foundation at Valley Forge ously been featured on the television pro­ is coordinating the efforts of the society in our state and governments from 4 continents and grams "60 Minutes," "20/20" and the "15th State, and already the Pennsylvania House of more than 1 million spectators. Anniversary Walt Disney World Special." In Representatives has passed a resolution in This extravaganza featured 9,000 French 1985, the band was the recipient of the Sudler support of the society's project and urging our and foreign parade participants and was cov­ Marching Band Trophy, one of a series of citizens to participate in it. ered live around the world. There were 16 awards developed by Louis Sudler and admin­ I think the American people would be very bands invited by the French Ministry of Cul­ istered by the John Philip Sousa Foundation. willing to help preserve our historic heritage. ture to participate in the bicentennial festivi­ The Marching 100 has been called by many Here is just one example of what one person ties. One was from the United States. Mr. names. ABC and NBC television networks can do to recover a "lost" Medal of Honor re­ Speaker, I am proud to say that the American have declared it "the Nation's No. 1 marching cipient. band representing the United States was the band." The Miami Herald newspaper said the Franklin J. Phillips' act of heroism went un­ Marching 100 from Florida A&M University, Marching 100 is "the most imitated band in under the direction of Dr. William P. Foster. America." recognized as he lay in an unmarked grave for Florida A&M University is located in Tallahas­ After the triumph in Paris, the Marching 100 85 years see, the capital of Florida and part of the has earned yet another name. America's Mr. Phillips was a resident of McKeesport, Second Congressional District. band. PA, part of my 20th Congressional District, Mr. Speaker, I want to congratulate every and he enlisted in the Army in 1895 and member of the band for their hard work and served 3 years. spirited dedication to excellence. The honor of HOUSE RESOLUTION 203-SUP­ He fought in the Spanish-American War, being selected to participate in the Bastille PORTING THE CONGRESSION­ contracted malaria, and, apparently dissatis­ Day Parade did not come by accident. It was AL MEDAL OF HONOR SOCI­ fied with the medical treatment he received the result of determination and a lot of sweat ETY'S "HOMETOWN HERO" upon his return to the United States, he left under the strong Florida Sun. PROJECT the Army and was declared absent without Leadership also plays a big role. And no leave. A few months later, after recovering at one is more responsible for instilling in the HON. JOSEPH M. GAYDOS home, Phillips sought to return to the Army. In band a sense of spirit and mission than band OF PENNSYLVANIA stead, he was dishonorably discharged as a director Dr. William P. Foster. Congratulations IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES deserter. are also in order for his staff, which includes In 1899, Phillips enlisted in the Marine associate director Julian E. White, assistant di­ Tuesday, July 18, 1989 Corps under the name of Harry Fisher. He rector Charles S. Bing, arranger Lindsey B. Mr. GAYDOS. Mr. Speaker, yesterday, I in­ was assigned to China to help quell the Boxer Sarjeant, director of percussion Dr. Shaylor L. troduced House Resolution 203, a resolution Rebellion there. On July 16, 1900, Harry James, and equipment manager Donald Bech­ expressing the sense of the House of Repre­ Fisher was shot and killed. His body was re­ with. sentatives in supporting a most noteworthy turned home to McKeesport where he was French officials became interested in the undertaking by the Congressional Medal of buried under his real name of Franklin Phillips. band as early as September 1988, when the Honor Society. McKeesport's "forgotten hero" rested in ob­ French Minister of Culture asked band director Chartered by Congress and comprised of scurity until 1981 when Mr. Wes Slusher, a Foster to send a video of the Marching 100. living Medal of Honor recipients, on July 4, the city resident, while researching another 15096 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 18, 1989 project, stumbled upon this case of dual iden­ passed as an amendment to the foreign aid fords he wears under his monastic robes, tity. For the next 7 years, Mr. Slusher worked bill just last week, stipulates that United and in his eyes is still the mischief of the to clear Phillips' name and to give the honors States policy toward the People's Republic little boy who used to give his lamas fits he had earned. His tenacity paid off. Today, of China should be explicitly linked with with his invincible skills at hide-and-seek." the situation in Tibet, including the lifting Phillips' dishonorable discharge from the Army Time quotes his brother as saying, "I recall of martial law, the opening of Tibet to for­ one summer day-I must have been about has been expunged. His military records with eign press and international human rights 7-when my mother took me to the summer the Marine Corps have been corrected to re­ organizations, the release of political prison­ palace to see His Holiness. • • • When we flect his real name and a duplicate Congres­ ers, and the commencement of negotiations got there His Holiness was watering his sional Medal of Honor has been awarded. between representatives of His Holiness and plants. The next thing I knew, he was turn­ Franklin Phillips' story demonstrates exactly the People's Republic regarding a settle­ ing the hose on me." what the Congressional Medal of Honor Soci­ ment of the Tibetan question. The Dalai Lama is renowned for teaching I am pleased to report that this amend­ ety hopes to achieve with its hometown hero ment passed unanimously, by a 418-to-O compassion and love rather than vengeance project. Although Mr. Phillips is no longer a vote, despite the Bush administration's op­ or hate. In response to China's repression of forgotten hero, there are those Americans position to some of the economic sanctions his own people, he has said, "There is no who are still lost to history. in the legislation. Congress is steadfast and point in developing hatred for the Chinese. I urge my colleagues to join me in support­ united in its support for the rights of Tibet­ Rather, we should develop respect for them ing the society's project by cosponsoring ans and in opposition to human rights and love and compassion." House Resolution 203. abuses by the Chinese Government against As a member of the Congressional Human citizens of the People's Republic. Rights Caucus, I am delighted that the Con­ Tibet, its future, and human rights for its gressional Human Rights Foundation has INTRODUCTION FOR HIS people are issues of deep personal and pro­ chosen to present its 1989 Raoul Wallenberg HOLINESS THE DALAi LAMA fessional concern to me and at this point I Human Rights Award to the Dalai Lama. would like to pay tribute to Michele His Holiness' commitment to the principles Bohana, who has been a tireless and pas­ of peace, human dignity, and human rights HON. MEL LEVINE sionate advocate for Tibet, and who contin­ is an inspiration to us all, and there could be OF CALIFORNIA ues to keep me updated on Tibetan issues on a no more fitting recipient of this honor. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a regular basis. I would like to thank her for Indeed, it would be difficult to devise an Tuesday, July 18, 1989 helping us to understand better the tragic award that would take note of all the roles difficulties the Dalai Lama and his people and functions which His Holiness has ful­ Mr. LEVINE of California. Mr. Speaker, I re­ have faced, and for being an invaluable on­ filled in such an exemplary way. He is, of cently had the great pleasure of welcoming going resource on Tibet for me and my course. a spiritual leader. However, his spir­ His Holiness the Dalai Lama to Santa Monica staff. itual leadership extends not only to Tibetan and introducing him at a party held in his I would also like to thank Michele, and all Buddhists, but to all people of religious of you, for the honor of joining you to con­ faith, both through his devout example and honor. I insert my remarks that day in the gratulate His Holiness on this occasion. RECORD: through his officiation at numerous inter­ His Holiness has become over the past 30 faith services, most recently in Costa Rica INTRODUCTION FOR Hrs HOLINESS THE DALAI years a symbol of peace and a leading inter­ this past week. He has just returned from LAMA, JULY 6, 1989, MALIBU national spokesperson for the cause of non­ meetings with a man I admire greatly, last It is my extraordinary pleasure to have violent social change. His spiritual and polit­ ical leadership of Tibetans has been the year's Nobel Peace Prize recipient and the the opportunity to introduce His Holiness architect of peace in Central America, Costa the Dalai Lama to you this afternoon. principal force for the preservation of the His Holiness' fifth visit to the United Tibetan culture and way of life. His ongoing Rica's President Oscar Arias. As an interna­ States comes at a particularly auspicious efforts to achieve a peaceful political resolu­ tional statesman, he has kept alive the and critical time. All the world's attention tion to the crisis in Tibet is our greatest hopes and cause of his land and his people has been focused on the People's Republic hope for a future for Tibet that guarantees and has shown great leadership and initia~ · of China, and its brutal crackdown on pro­ Tibetan human and political rights, and in­ tive in advancing the cause of a peaceful democracy demonstrators. Sadly, the severi­ sures the survival of Tibetan culture. resolution to the status of Tibet. And as an ty of the reaction perhaps did not come as a As the spiritual leader of his people, His advocate of human rights, nonviolence and total surprise to those of us who have fol­ Holiness has inspired Tibetans to persevere peaceful change he is an inspiration and ex­ lowed the recent and tragic history of the in the face of the tragic hardships they ample to all who seek justice. His Holiness Tibetan people. But to those less familiar have suffered, and that they continue to has been nominated three times for the with the struggles of Tibetans to regain suffer. By his example and leadership, non­ Nobel Peace Prize, a nomination I have ac­ their freedom and to preserve their culture, violence remains the tool of the Tibetan tively supported, and truly, the Nobel is the recent events in Beijing and elsewhere have people in their resistance to oppression. only award that does justice to the work of given a sadder but deeper understanding He was selected to become the Dalai Lama this man. and heightened international awareness to at the age of 2, after which he pursued a On the occasion of His Holiness' 54th the fate of the Tibetan people. rigorous 18-year course in metaphysics. In a birthday, we celebrate and honor his Indeed, my congressional colleagues and I recent Time magazine profile of him enti­ wisdom, his leadership, and the strength of have repeatedly sought to remind the Amer­ tled "Tibet's Living Buddha," Time con­ the human spirit in the face of adversity, ican people that the situation in Tibet cludes that "the single most extraordinary which his life so profoundly demonstrates. should not be forgotten in the midst of the thing about him may simply be his sturdy, It is my great pleasure and honor to intro­ turmoil in China. The congressional sanc­ unassuming humanity. CHel is, in his way, duce to you today His Holiness the Dalai tions legislation against China, which as down to earth as the hardy brown ox- Lama.