1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4685 -
Jack Talmadge Davis Richard Henry Parker MISSISSIPPI John McArthur Davis Jammie Meildal Philpott Ola Chandler, Braxton. Douglas Lipp Deal John Charles Plebes James 0. Waldrop, Newton. ·Donald Alburtus Detwiler Waldo Franklin Potter Robert A. Dean, Okolona. William Bradford Dudley Ernest Collier Price R. Ben Linn, Plckens. Anthony Raymond Durante James Rival Pugh, Jr.• John Wyeth Earhart, Jr. Robert Duncan MacGregor Randall PENNSYLVANIA Preston Warham Easley John William Rawlings, Jr. Marvin F. Birely, Blue Ridge Summi~. Ph11lips Eastman, Jr. James Cabell Reed Oliver Richard English Edward Julius Renth, Jr. William Earl Evers Anthony Henry Richard, Jr. James Thomas Fitz-Gerald, Jr. Coleman Cabell Richards Henry Merritt Fletcher, Jr. Zaccheus Camp Richardson HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES James Dixon Fore . Scott Brewer Ritchie, Jr. Tom Bond Foulk, Jr. Robert John Rooney THURSDAY, MAY 20, 1943 Norman Horace Frisbie Joseph Henry Rosness Charles Arthur Gaignat Francis Earle Rundell 2d The House met at 12 o'clock noon. David Emanuel Galas George LeRoy Russell The Chaplain, Rev. James Shera Thomas Simons Garrett 3d Ned Schramm, Jr. Montgomery, D. D., offered the follow Vincent Augustus Gaudiani, Jr. David Gibbon Schwartz ing prayer: Eaton Arthur Gorelangton Ralph Meloy Scott William James Greene William Fontaine Scott 0 Father of Mankind, we pray that Allen Wyant Gullion, Jr. Richard Francis Shaefer Thy spirit may arouse in us the feeling Alfred Dale Hagen Daniel Francis Shea of unused powers and the consciousness Ralph Junior Hallenbeck Stephen Huntting Sherill, Jr. of responsibility. We rejoice that Thou Jack Willming Hammel Albert Raymond Shiely, Jr. dost pour out of Thy infinite fullness .Robert Maxwell Hancock, Jr. Lindsey McDonald Silvester Burton Clement Hanish Eber Eugene Simpson an overflow transcending all human ::reague Gray Harris, Jr. Elwood Frank Smith need. As the humblest flower by the Frank James Harrold, Jr. Hubert Smith, Jr. way breathes an unconscious fragrance, Martin Lee Harter J. Weller Smith so may we by gentleness and humility Paul Andre Hederstrom, Jr. Kenneth Bates Smith show forth the spirit of our .Saviour, nor Harry Ludwick Heintzelman 3d Lowell Blair Smith ever let an unhallowed day pass. . Richard Tilghman Hemsley 3.d WlllHtm Wayne Snavely Most graciously regard our country; Robert Alvin Hersberger Charles Spieth, Jr. Edward Jerome Hertel Gordon Hall Steele, Jr. humanity with all its burdens seems to Robert William Hoffman Paul Leonard Steinle be wandering between two worlds-the Henry Leon Hogan 3d Richard Carlton Stickney, Jr. old one dying and a new one struggling Arthur William Holderness, Jr. Richard Williams Stoddard to be born. Teach us again and again John Mahlon Hommel Marion Scott Street that life is more than livelihood. Make Luther Walker Hough, Jr. Richard Donald Sullivan us to learn the discipline that the world. Richard Hugh Houser Firman Edward Susank can be saved only by submitting to right Joseph Hipolito Huau, Jr. Dale Sidney Sweat eous law, rather than wielding the bludg John Bell Hudson John James Swisshelm Ullin Lee Hudson Franklin Woody Taylor eon of force. We pray for a gale from Herschel DeMent Hughes Ralph Jamison Teeter, Jr. heaven, a rushing of a mighty wind, Paul Joseph Hurley Junior Craig Teller - carrying light to those in darkness and George Howard Ingham James Robert Thomas life to those in death. Clare Thompson Ireland, Jr. Albert Sidney Johnston Tucker, Jr. Blessed Lord, we pray for those in Felix Andrew Kalinski Vernon Richard Turner · sorrow and for those in joy; for those James Moulton Keck Francis Veazy Walker who are cast down and for those exalted; William Joseph Kilpatrick, Jr. James Harper Walker for those in barren lands, weary and Harold Ferguson Knowles Charles Skillman Waller worn; and for all in the battle lines of John Roger Kullman Edward Joseph Walsh, Jr. Harvey Haroldson Latson, Jr. Edward Menefee Watkins, Jr. freedom. Almighty God, make us wor Hanford Nichols Lockwood 3d James Howard Watkins thy of the sacrifice and the victdry on Thomas McAdoo Love Lawrence Middleton Watson which the rights of man can be restored. Richard Curry McAdam William Glenn Watson In the name of Thy Son, our Redeemer. Thomas Eugene McCabe Lewis Frazer Webster Amen. Donald DeForest McClure Marston Thorn Westbrook Robert Dugald McClure J. Duane Wethe The Journal of the proceedings of yes Richard David McCord William Joseph Whalen ~erday was read and approved. Jack Kenneth McGregor Richard Vincent Wheeler LEND-LEASE SUPPLEMENTAL APPROPRIA Kei'th Albert Whitaker Jack Mann McGregor TION BILL, 1943 Frank McCoy McMullen Jack Henderson Whitson John Robert McNiel Warren Tanner Whittemore Mr. CANNON of Missouri. Mr. Laurence Ronald MacDonnell Fred Ordway Wickham, Jr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that Robert John MacMull1n Louis Charles Wieser tomorrow, Friday, following disposition Gayle Eugene Madison Richard Bocock Willis, Jr. of business on the Speaker's table, it shall Maurice Langhorne Martin Harold William Woodson William Wintle Martin Edmund Augustus Wright, Jr. be in order to consider, under the rules Russell Lowell Maughan, Jr. Howard Greenlees Yeilding of the House, the defense and lend-lease Richard Victor Miracle Michael Zubon supplemental appropriation bill, 1943. William Clarence Moore Lloyd Zuppann, Jr. The SPEAKER. Is there objection? Christopher He-nry Munch To be second lieutenants with rank from There was no objection. David Duncan Munro 3d June 3,1943 NAVY APPROPRIATION BILL, 1944 John Walter Myrtetus William Edward Naylor, Jr. AIR CORPS The SPEAKER. The unfinished busi Louis Konrad Nesselbush Edgar Knowles Parks, Jr. ness is the passage of the bill •. 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4687 Mr. JENKINS. Mr. Speaker, there is marks in the RECORD and include therein Now, that would be funnyif it were not no question but that our country is in an article from the Aviation News. the essence of irony. the midst of a very serious food problem. '!'he SPEAKER. Is there objection? The soldiers w-ho .fight our battles take From all indications this problem is get nere was no objection.- time out to delouse themselves. It would ting worse rapidly. · This is due largely GLENN HAMMOND CURTISS be well that certain bureaus emulate to the bungling of the food authorities of their example and delouse themselves of the Government. · Mr. COLE of New York. Mr. Speaker, some of the vermin that have wormed About a month ago the gentleman from I ask unanimous consent to address the their way into high o:flices of trust. Massachusetts [Mr. MARTIN], the Reputr- House for 1 minute and to revise and The SPEAKER. The time of the gen lican leader in Congress, set up from extend my remarks. tleman from Connecticut has expired. The SPEAKER. Is there objection? among the Republicans in the House a OFFICE OF PRICE ADMINISTRATION committee to study the food situation. There was no objection. This committee, of which I have the . Mr. COLE of New York. Mr. Speaker, Mr. PITTENGER. Mr. Speaker, I ask honor to be chairman, has been at work 65 years ago tomorrow, on the 21st day unanimous consent to proceed for 1 min diligently, and is alarmed at the serious of May 1878, in the quiet country village ute and to revise and extend my remarks ness of the food situation. A day or two of Hammondsport, nestled in the hills of and have them printed in the Appendix ago, under the order of this committee, the Finger Lake region of New York of the RECORD and include a telegram I introduced in the House a bill which, state, Glenn Hammond Curtiss was from Mr. George C. Thierbach, president, if passed, will bring order out· of chaos. born. Named, first, for a site of local National Coffee Association. This bill provides for the establishment s9enic beauty and, second, for the The SPEAKER. Is there objection? of one single food administrator to have founder of the community which gave There was no objection. full and complete charge of all of the _him birth, "G. H.," as he was .wont to be [Mr. PITTENGER addressed the House. food departments of the Government. called by his contemporaries, was des His remarks appear in the Appendix. 1 It is our hope that such a measure might tined to become one of the great pioneers CONGRESSIONAL WAR PARENTS' be passed by the Congress immediately in the field of aviation. Though credit ASSOCIATION for having made thefirst flight in Amer because the situation w~rrants immedi Mrs. BOLTON. Mt. Speaker, I ask ate action. ica has been given to others, Glenn Cur tiss was the first man to give a public unanimous consent to address the House EXTENSION OF REMARKS demonstration of a successful flight in for 1 minute. what was then known as the flying The SPEAKER. Is there objection? Mr. ANGELL. Mr. Speaker, I ·ask There was no objection. unanimous consent to revise and extend machine. my remarks and include an article by Holder of pilot's license No. 1 of the :Mrs. BOLTON. Mr.-·speaker, if I may David Lawrence, appearing in today's Aero Club of America, he was the first have attention for just a moment to Washington Star, on the income tax. man to complete a sustained flight of 1 mak~ an announcement. The Congres sional War Parents' Association, which The SPEAKER. Is there objection? kilometer. slightly more than half a mile 1 in a flimsy crate dubbed the June Bug: is such an informal thing that we do not There was no objection. · even send out notices of meetings, will Mr. BRYSON. Mr. Speaker, I ask Somewhat later. he made the first flight from a water take-off in the Loon. meet Monday afternoon at 4:30 in the unanimous consent :hat my colleague the Appropriations Committee room op gentleman from New York [Mr. O'LEARY] Both in conception and development of the aircraft engine and in the plane posite the barber shop. I think the may extend . his own remarks in the Members can all find it. We hope there REcoRD, and include, newspaper article. itself Curtiss has no peer in American a. history. To commemorate his great will be a good attendance. The SPEAKER. Is there objection? contribution to this modern science I EXTENSION OF REMARKS There was no objection. · h~~e today in~roduced a ~easure p;o Mr. BRYSON. Mr. Speaker, I ask Mr. BARRY. Mr. Speaker, I · ask VIding for the erection of a suitable unanimous consent to extend my own unanimous consent that my colleague memorial at Hammondsport, N.Y., as a · the gentleman from New York [Mr. KEN remarks in the RECORD and to include a fitting tribute by a grateful nation for resolution of the National Catholic Coun NEDY] may extend his remarks in two the work done by Glenn Curtiss and his particulars. associates. cil. The SPEAKER. Without objection, it The SPEAKER. The time of the gen The SPEAKER. Without objection, it is so ordered. tleman from New York has expired. is so ordered. There was no objection. There was no objection. OFFICE OF PRiCE ADMINISTRATION Mr. GORDON. Mr. Speaker, I ask (By unanimous consent, Mr. BRYSON Mr. McWILLI.A,MS. Mr. Speaker, I unanimous consent to extend my own was granted permission to extend his ask unanimous consent to address the remarks in the RECORD and include own remarks in the RECORD.) House for 1 minute and to revise and therein an editorial that appeared in the Mr. WEISS. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan extend my remarks. Chicago Daily Times entitled "Coperni imous consent to extend my remarks The SPEAKER. Is there objection? cus and Hitler." in the RECORD, and include an editorial. There was no objection. The SPEAKER. Without objection, it 'l?he SPEAKER. Is there objection? Mr. McWILLIAMS. Mr. Epeaker, my is so ordered. '!'here was no objection. home town is fairly bristling with war in There ws s no objection. POLL-TAX LEGISLATION dustries. Among them is a large rayon Mr. WICKERSHAM. Mr. Speaker, I Mr. NEWSOME. Mr. Speaker, I ask plant. This plant was recently visited .ask unanimous consent to extend my own unanimous consent to address the House by two men from the Office of Price AD remarks in the RECORD and to include for 1 minute and to revise and extend ministration. The manager took thf'm therein an article by Fowler McCormack, through this plant. .They were inter president of the International Har my remarks. ested in every detail that goes into the · The SPEAKER. Is there objection? vester Co. manufacture of rayon, so much so that The SPEAKER. Without objection, it There was no objection. when the manager took them back into is so ordered. [Mr. NEWSOME addressed the House. the office it was with fear and trepida There was no objection. His remarksappear in the Appendix. 1 tion in his heart that ·he faced them. PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE EXTENSION OF REMARKS . But much to his surprise and amazement and utter relief, one of these so-called Mr. MORRISON of Louisiana. Mr. (By unanimous consent, Mr. HARRIS experts proffered his hand and said, "Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that of Virginia was granted permission to Manager, I want to thank you for this on today after the disposition of busi extend his own remarks in the RECORD.> - wonderful tour of inspection, for this is ness on the Speaker's table and other Mr. COFFEE. Mr. Speaker, I ask the first time I have ever been in a mill special orders I may address the House unanimous consent to extend my re- in all my life." for 15 minutes. \ ' 4688 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 20 The SPEAKER. Without objection, it purchasing power for which goods and serv Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that is so ordered. J ices are not available .. Farmers definitely in debate continue not to exceed 2 hours, terested in avoiding the calamity of uncurbed There was no objection. inflation, but do not wish to accept a consum the time to be equally divided between Mr. DICKSTEIN. Mr. Speaker, I ers' ::;ubsidy when large portion of consumers the gentleman from California [Mr. have a special order to address the House amply able to pay prices that will maintain CARTER] and myself. . for 30 minutes on May 26. Ip view of badly needed production. Consumers now The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the fact that May 26 has been set aside certainly more able to pay reasonable prices the request of the gentleman from Okla as memorial day I ask unanimous con than loading costs of subsidy program on homa [Mr. JOHNSON]? sent that my time be .transferred to posterity. · There was no objection. Thursday, May 27, after the disposition IDAHO DAIRY PRODUCTS COUNCIL, The motion was agreed to. of the legislative business of the day. E. S. TRAsK, ~hainnan. Accordingly the House resolved itself The SPEAKER. Without objecti~n, it EXTENSION OF REMARKS into the Committee of the Whole House is so ordered. Mr. JENKINS. Mr. Speaker, I ask on the state of the Union for the con )'here was no objection. unanimous consent to extend my own sideration of the bill H. R. 2719, with Mr. COMMITTEE ON IMMIGRATION AND remarks in the RECORD and- include BARDEN in the chair. NATURALIZATION therein an address delivered by Mr. The Clerk read the title of the bill. The first reading of the bill was dis Mr. DICKSTEIN. Mr. Speaker, I ask Frank E. Gannett. The SPEAKER. Without objection, it pensed with. unanimous consent that the Committee Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. Mr. on Immigration and Naturalization may is so ordered. There was no objection. Chairman, I yield myself 54 minutes. have the right to sit during the sessions Mr. Chairman, in presenting the In of the House on May 26 and May 27. 0. P. A. AND SMALL BUSINESS terior Department appropriation bill for The SPEAKER. The.Chair cannot en Mr. VURSELL. Mr. Speaker, I ask the fiscal year 1944, from the Committee tertain the...gentleman's request at this unanimous consent to address the House on Appropriations, let me preface my time. Some time ago the Chair made the for 1 minute. remarks with a few general statements. announcement that when bills were be· The SPEAKER. Without objection, it In its deliberations on the pending bill ing read for amendment in the House is so ordered. the committee was without the services the Chair would not entertain a request There was no objection. of several members who have served with of a committee to sit. [Mr. VuRSELL addressed the House. diitinction for a great many years. I Mr. DICKSTEIN. Mr. Speaker, may I His remarks appear in the Appendix.] refer, of course, to the present Senator not make the request subject to the con POMMITI'EE ON IMMIGRATION AND NAT from Nevada [Mr. ScRUGHAM], Judge .dition that the committee would suspend Leavy, who was a tower of strength as its sitting if a bill were being read? URALIZATION-PERMISSION TO SIT DURING SESSION OF HOUSE MAY 26 Members will recall, and who has been The SPEAKER. The Chair would pre appointed by the President to 3. Federal fer that the gentleman withdraw his re Mr. DICKSTEIN. Mr. Speaker, I re- judgeship, our colleague and present quest at the present time. new my request; I ask unanimous con chairman of the Subcommittee on Naval Mr. DICKSTEIN. Mr. Speaker, I with sent that the Committee on Immigration Appropriations, and Mr. Rich, of Penn draw the request. and Naturalization may sit during the sylvania, a sincere and capable gentle EXTENSION OF REMARKS session of the House on May 26 unless man who voluntarily retired from Con there be general debate in the House. Mr. BUSBEY. Mr. Speake!:, I ask. gress. The SPEAKER. The gentleman would The gentlemen who have succeeded unanimous consent to extend my own re not want to do that if his committee had marks in the RECORD and include a state these able legislators,. Mr. KIRWAN,. of a bill up; would he? Ohio, Mr. NoRRELL, of Arkansas, and Mr. ment I made yesterday before the House Mr. DICKSTEIN. No. Committee on Small Business. JENSEN, of Iowa, have displayed a keen The SPEAKER. Is there objection to interest in the work of the committee and The SPEAKER-. Without objection, it the request of the gentleman from New is so ordered. have contributed much to whatever suc York? cess we may have achieved. There was no objection. There-was no objection. Mr. VANZANDT. Mr:Speaker, I ask The present distinguished chairman unanimous consent to extend iny own EXTENSION OF REMARKS of the Appropriations Committee . was present during the opening session of our remarks in the Appendix of the RECORD. Mr. J ROWAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask The SPEAKER. Without objection, it unanimous consent to extend my own hearings and made several valuable con is so ordered. remarks in the Appendix of the RECORD tributions to the record and interrogated - There was no objecti:on. and to include a very brief article from the witness, the Secretary of the Interior, as to several important matters includ 0. P. A. SUBSIDIES the Chicago Times. ing the Department's food production Mr. DWORSHAK. Mr. Speaker, I ask The SPEAKER. Without objection, it program, concerning which I wish to unanimous consent to address the House is so ordered. refer later on in my remarl{S today. There was no objection. for 1 minute. J I must not overlook mentioning those 'rhe SPEAKER. Without objection, it WARTIME ATHLETICS hold-over members of the subcommittee. is .so ordered. • Mr. WEISS. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani 'We would not have been able to bring to 'I'Iiere was no objection. mous consent to address the House for 1 this House a bill which is as y.,rell bal Mr. DWORSHAK. Mr. Speaker, the minute and to revise and extend my own anced and at the same time severely 0. P. A. has recently announced a new remarks. reduced, without the valuable and ex subsidy :{>rogram involving the rolling The SPEAKER. Without objection, it perienced assistance of the gentleman back of prices on many commodities, in is so ordered. from New York [Mr. FITZPATRICK], the cluding butter. I should like to read a There was no objection. gentleman from California [Mr. CARTER], telegram at this time I have received [Mr. WEISs addressed the House. His and ·the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. from Mr.· E. S. Trask, chairman of the remarks appear in the Appendix.] JONES]. ld.::tho Dairy J;lroducts Council: Let me say here that this is the first DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR time during the years I have been a mem BOISE, IDAHO, May 15, 1943. APPROPR!ATION BILL, 1944 Congressman HENRY DwoRSHAK: ber of this committee that there have · Idaho dairy products council, made up Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. Mr. been no controversial items in the bill. flf Idaho far~er-owned cooperative cream _Speaker, I move that the House resolve In my opening statement to the sub eries, with more than · 16,000 active patrons, itself into the Committee of the Whole,.... committee at the begining of the hear protests the proposed subsidy program to be House on the state of the Union for the ings, after discussing several other mat applied to butter as announced by the Office consideJation of the bill / 4694 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 20 Interior J;>epartment to the Dep_artment pose of making some sort of a substitute mended a total reduction of $855,015 in of Agriculture, he said then that he had for tin for containers. That is the only the es-timate which, as I have saiti, is a not been able to give, or the Division had reduction that is made in this item. cut of 15 percent. not been able to give as much service to Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. That is Under the heading, "Biological Investi the commercial fisheries as they would not the only thing. We reduced the gations," we have eliminated an item of like, because they are limited. The gen Budget estimate $68,540 because the $87,500 for studies under the heading tleman says they have ample _funds. committee was not convinced that it was "Life History, Interrelation, and Distri They say to us they are interested in the connected with the war effort. butional Studies of Wildlife." We felt fisheries industry, but that they are lim Mr. BATES of Massachusetts. Is that that this was one item which could be ited. What are the facts? in the "Fisheries industry" item? deferred at least for the duration. Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. I made Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. Yes. PITTMAN-ROBERTSON FUNDS REDUCED the statement at the outset that this was Mr. BATES of Massachusetts. It is not The item of Federal-aid to wildlife cut drastically along with every other shown here. under the Pittman-Robertson Act has agency of Government. All 26 agencies Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. The been reduced by $500,000. The commit are cut. This is not the only agency Budget cut out $172,000. tee is aware of the fact that funds for that took a reduction. I made the fur Mr. BATES of Massachusetts. $172,- this' particular purpose are secured from ther statement that it was cut more than 000. a special tax on small ar~ and ammu some of the members thought it should Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. Then nition and that a bookkeeping credit on be cut. We are in a desperate war, a the committee reducPd the item an ad the books of the Treasury in excess of war that will decide the future of this ditional $68,540. $9,000,000 is available for appropriation. country for generations to come. I Mr. BATES of Massachusetts. Is the However, in recommending a reduction would rather be charged with cutting a committee going to have any meeting at of $500,000 the committee believes it is little too drastically during these perilous a subsequent date? . not asking too much of the sportsmen times than to say the committee has Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. This is and conservation authorities of America spent too much money. the annual appropriation bill. There to accept further retrenchment in this Mr. BATES of Massachusetts. The will not be another such bill u:1til next activity during the war period. .While gentleman of course knows that the fish year. the committee is in sympathy with the ery industry is one of the basic food Mr. BATES of Massachusetts. Is the purpose of the Pittman-Robertson Act, it sources of the country. Last year we deficiency committee meeting? wishes to point out that the fund will suffered a loss of over a hundred million Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. It is remain intact and be available for appro pounds of fish below the year 194~. If meeting today. As the gentleman, I am priation at a later date, particularly we are going to build up our food supply, sure, knows, it meets during this emer during the post-war period when mil certainly we ought to lend every encour gency almost daily. It meets almost lions of men returning from the armed agement we can to that department of every day. We should be glad to have forces will be desperately in need of work. Government that has charge and has au the gentleman come before the commit This fund will provide a reservoir of thority and has the machinery and the tee. He talks very persuasively. peacetime projects which will assist in personnel to maintain that source of Mr. BATES of Massachusetts. Yes; I giving employment to such men. food supply. must be making an impression. Mr. MANSFIELD of Montana. Mr. Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. Now Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. Mr. Chairman, -will the gentleman yield? the gentleman has made a very excellent Chairman, will the gentleman yield? Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. I yield. speech anc:. I appreciate it and I agree Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. I yield. Mr. MANSFIELD of Montana. I am with him, but I hold in my hand a list Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. I after some information, Mr. Chairman. of 37 Members of Congress who came should like to state to the gentleman I have not been able to go through all before our committee, every one of them from Oklahoma that in some sections of these hearings as yet, but I notice where just as interested as is the gentleman New England our people have not had the committee took. testimony on the in this particular industry; everyone of meat for over a week, and they can get Bonneville Authority. Was any state them showing us that their particular no fish. I should like very much to ap ment made before the gentleman's com item was in the interest of the war effort. pear befor~ the gentleman's committee mittee about extending Bonneville power They were just as enthusiastic about. it at a lf.ter date. I am hoping that the up into Idaho and Montana, specifically as is the gentleman. I will say to the gentleman from Oklahoma will join in up into the Flathead Lake region? gentleman that I think in most cases supporting the Senate's action when it Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. I may they were as much justified in asking for puts the item back in the bill. We have say to the gentleman that from time to an increase as is the gentleman. Thirty simply got to maintain the strength of time that suggestion has been made. I seven Members of Congress and three our workers; they must have the neces believe I am not giving away any secret United States Senators and twelve pres sary food, especially when they are work when I say that it is actually contem sure groups-everyone of them asking us ing ir heavy industry. plated as.soon as it is humanly possible for money, money, money. "Give us Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. I may to do so. Whether it can be done during money:" And, as the gentleman from say to the gentlewoman from Massachu these wartimes I do not know. Pennsylvania, Mr. Rich, used to say, setts that I am certain the Committee Mr. MANSFIELD of Montana. What "Where are you going to get the money?" on Appropriations would always be glad . justifications do they offer for raising the If the committee had given those 37 to hear he::, for she, too, is very persua level of Flathead Lake, for example, and Members of Congress, and the 3 United sive. I noticed that instead of saying: raising the level of Lake Pend Oreille? States Senators, one-tenth of what they "If the Senate puts the item back" she Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. I can asked, this committee instead of coming said: "When it puts the ·item back." I not tell the gentleman, but I shall be here and saying, ·~we have reduced the may say that she is probably correct in pleased to see if I can get the information Interior Department bill 60 percent this her statement of the situation. for him. year under what it took to operate last Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. I year," we would have to tell you that agree, and I am sure the gentleman will GOVERNMENT IN THE TERRITORmS we had increased it more than 60 per agree with our r~eed. Funds are provided in the bill for ad cent. So I will say to the gentleman, as Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. I have ministrative expenses and other obliga- important as it is, as much as I agree a few more remarks which I would like to tions in the Territories of Alaska, Hawaii, with him that this is an important item, make in connection with the Fish and and the Virgin Islands. there are other items and other people Wildlife Service. You will be interested to know that the who were demanding additional funds. For the second consecutive year, the Alaska Railroad is now operating with Mr. BATES of Massachusetts. As I committee has been faced with the duty out a deficit which we had to meet an understand from readiL1g the hearings of making rather severe reductions in nually up to a few years ago. For one the only reduction made in this appro some very worthy items for this activity. period of time, covering several years, priation is $172,000, an appropriation Doubtless they can and will be restored the deficit amounted to approximately which was made a year ago for the pur- when the war is over. We have recom- $1,000,000 annually. It is estimated that 1943 CONGRE.SSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4695 there will be a profit of $1 ,500,000 during to vote for drastic economies, especially . the emergency was over, but the Parlia the next fiscal year. Profits for the cur w{len there are so many pressure groups, mentarian informs me that it would be rent year are estimated at about $2,300,- departmental hea!1s, and others who are out of order and could not be done. 000. demanding more and more funds. Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. I may ROBERT MORSS LOVETT · If you will examine the bill and t.he say to the gentleman from California The last matter which I wish to call to report you will find that all of the 26 that private power certainly would not your attention is the appropriation for -agencies in the Department of the In receive any vested right simply because salaries and expenses in the Virgin Is terior have been rather severely cut. It of the action of the committee I think lands, in which was contained an esti cannot be successfully charged that the the committee made itself Plain, and mate of $5,800 for the salary of the Sec ·committee has picked on any one par the gentleman knows my position. I sup retary of the Virgin Islands, Mr. Robert ticular .agency or activity. Let me re ported Boulder Dam, Grand Coulee Dam, Morss Lovett. As you know, the House mind Members also that this bill repre and the Parker Dam. In my statement on day before y~sterday approved the sents a 60-percent reduction under the here I show that the revenue from these action of the Kerr subcommittee and the current year, that it is reduced more dams has been very gratifying and that whole Appropriations Committee in rec than 11 percent below the· Budget esti those gentlemen who called them white ommending that no part fJf any appro mates, and that the Interior Department elephants and ridiculed the idea of priation, allocation, or other fund should is now operating on an operation-and those dams as power projects are now be available for payment of compensa maintenance basis. There are no new admitting that they were not "white ele tion to this employee. The committee construction projects in the entire bill, phants." received a vote of approval of its re.c-. and except for Central Valley, which the . Mr. FORD. I simply wanted to get ommendation '~--y aaoption of the amend War Production Board and the Depart the intent of Congress in the RECORD. ment, the vote being 318 to 62. ment of Agriculture tell our committee The CHAffiMAN. The time of the ·While the Interior Department sub has become increasingly urgent for the gentleman from Oklahoma has expired. committee was not charged with the duty war effort, there are no funds even for Mr. CARTER. Mr. Chairman, I yield of investigating subversive activities in the continuation of projects heretofore myself 15 minutes. the case of this ; J.dividual, we were in approved by Congress and on which con Mr. Chairman, I want to express my terested in the matter so widely publi struction work had heretofore been un- thanks to the chairman of the subcom cized inasmuch as his salary was con dertaken. · mittee for the very fair and impartial tained in the Interior Department appro It is with more than an ordinary de manner in which he conducted the hear priation bill. It is significant that in a gree. of pride that your committee pre ings. We of the minority were given personal letter from the Secretary of the sents the Interior bill today, and it is every opportunity to examine witnesses Interior to Mr. Lovett under date of April our sincere hope that.. the bill can be and any other evidence that was pre 25, 1941, a copy of which was furnished expedited through the House without de sented. I also want to say that Mr. the committee, the Secretary severely lay and without any material changes. William Duvall, clerk of the committee, criticized this employee· in a rather CENTRAL VALLEY PROJECT, CALIFORNIA was very helpful at these hearings. He lengthy and sharply worded letter to is a most capable clerk and renders a him "because of his alleged membership Mr. VOORms of California. Mr. splendid service. in certain subversive organizations. The Chairman, will the gentleman yield? This bill i3 cut nearly $120,000,000 be Secretary, according to the letter, stated Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. I yield. low the 1943 bill. Of course, we have got that the Department had frequently Mr. VOORms of California. What to do -a lot of cutting in order to reduce been called ·upon to defend Lovett happened in connection with the Cen the Interior Department ·appropriation against charges, first, that he was a Com tral Valley project, Shasta Dam, and bill for the fiscal year 1944 nearly $120,- munist and, second, that he was sympa those items? 000,000 under what it was for 1943. thetic to communism and therefore in - Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. The After the Bureau of the Budget had effect a so-called fellow traveler. gentleman from California [Mr. CARTER] used the pruning shears on this bill, the The committee made no effort to try will go into some detail about those items. committee considered it and cut an ad this employee. But it did hear the The Budget estimate was for $16,400,000. ditional $9,227,226 off the bill below the present occupant of the office, who ap It was urged by the War Production Bureau of the Budget estimate. peared at the request of the committee Board as well as other Government That is going to make cuts in matters and expressed'his opinions and so-called agencies, including the Department of in which many of us are interested. It philosophies. It was the unanimous Agriculture, and while the committee did made cuts in matters in which I was in opinion of the committee that the sal make a considerable cut in it, there is an terested, I know. While I ·have been a ary, amounting to $5,800, could be elimi item of nearly $12,000,000 in the bill member of this committee I have en nated from the bill, especially in view of for it. deavored to hold the appropriations the present occupant, without impairing Mr. FITZPATRICK. Mr. Chairman, down; however, may I say that I am to the remotest degree the efficiency of will the gentleman yield? more satisfied with this bill than any bill the administration of the Virgin Islands. Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. I yield. that I have ever had anything to do with The committee reached .this deliberate Mr. FITZPATRICK. That was a sup bringing on the floor of the House. I conclusion despite a lengthy communtca plemental request which was not con did not have my way in all respects. tion from the Secretary of the Interior tained in the original Budget estimate. There are some items in this bill that I defending the record, activities, and gen Mr. VOORHIS of California. I wish believe could stand even greater cuts. eral conduct of the present occupant of to compliment the gentleman and his There are some items, a few, one in par the position recommended for elimina committee and state that I believe that ticular, that I feel have been cut too tion. the War Production Board stop orders much, ~ut you must appreciate that we as to work necessary for the food pro cannot have our way in all these matters. RESUME OF RECOMMENDATIONS BY COMMITTEE gram should be lifted. We have to work cooperatively and we In conclusion and in summing up, per Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. I thank have to give and take. So for the first mit me to remind Members of the House the gentleman. time since I have been on the Appropri again that drastic reductions have been Mr. FORD. Mr. Chairman, will the ations Committee I stand here on the made in some instances. But, frankly, gentleman yield? floor of this House prepared to defend I would rather be charged with reduc Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. I yield. every item in this ' bill. I have never ing some of these activities, especially Mr. FORD. It had been my inten made that statement before, but I am nondefense activities, too drastically dur tion to offer a proviso containing a dec here to do that in reference to this bill ing this desperate emergency than to be laration of policy that by reason of the because it has been cut to somewhere charged with being too liberal with the hooking up of this authority and pri near the place that I feel it should be vanous activities affected. It is one vate power in this particular case that cut. , · thing to talk about economy in govern the private corporations should have no Considerable was said-a few moments ment and it is entirely another thing vested right which they could assert after ago about the matter of reclamation. I 4696 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 20 know the-'gentleman from Utah [Mr. Mr. JENSEN. I think it is fair to say, I may have his support in the future in RuBINSON] is very much interested in however, that there was cash available, reference to other appropriations. that, and I am, too. May I say to the unexpended, in that particuJar fund of Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. Mr. gentleman that a number of those rec $26,500,000. I think. the gentleman is Chairman, will the gentleman yield? ommended projects are being studied at going to have to agree that I was one Mr. CARTER. I yield to the gentle the present time and I am hopeful that of the members opposed quite violently woman from Massachusetts. the stop orders will be removed as to a to the full request of $16,400,000. Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. I number of them. The fact that we did Mr. CARTER. I will agree that the appreciate it very much, and I am very not make an ~ppropriation for them in gentleman was violent when it came to sure that the gentleman will feel sym no way militates against the considera cutting that particular item. He will pathetic to restoring the fisheries item .tion that is being given them at the pres not have any trouble in getting me to when the bill comes back from the Sen ent time. I have talked with members agree to that. . ate. You know fish is a good brain food, of the War Production Board· about these Mr. JENSEN. Very well. It had been and at the same time it provides physical reclamation projects. I have talked to sho .m they got more money than they strength, and there is need for all the the Assistant Secretary of AgricuJture could expend because there was $26,- brains and all the physical strength we and others who are interested in them 500,000 left in that fund. They asked can have today; there is a shortage of from a food point of view. The ques for an additional $16,400,000, which the both fish and meat today. tion of their not being appropriated for . committee finally cut down to $11,500,000. Mr. CARTER. I am just wondering if has never been raised. In fact, as was If it had not been for the fact that so the gentlewoman is suggesting fish as a pointed out a few minutes ago, there is much money had been expended on this diet for the speaker of the present mo money available at the present time to project a different attitude might have ment. carry on some of that construction work. been taken, but this was originally sup Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. The To be sure it is not enough to finish it, posed to cost only $170,000,000, while to gentleman from California has a very but may I say to the gentleman from date wa have spent over $300,000,000. fine mind. He does not need fish for that Utah and to the other Members who are Somebody's figures were wrong, and. in purpose; but there is a shortage of both interested in reclamation, as I am, that my opinion, the committee was justified meat and fish, and I know he would like the minute these stop orders are re in cutting down this amount in the light to have it in order that the population moved immediate steps will be taken to of those facts and figures which we had. of the country may maintain its fuJI provide the money. May I say further · Mr. CARTER. May 1 say in reply to strength during these critical war days. that I will be one who will be helping the gentleman from Iowa, it is true that Mr. CARTER. I have a large fisheries those who are out to ~et the money so they have a carry-over of $26,500,000 as indust_ry in my own district, and I am that the work can be carried on with of January 31 of this year, and that is interested in that. When this bill is in the greatest dispatch. one reason why I reluctantly accepted conference and this item of the fisheries Mr. Chairman, considerable has been this cut; otherwise, I would have been industry is being considered, I will, as said here about the reduction of the ap down there battling for the rest of it yet. she requests, .assume a very sympathetic propriation for the Fish and Wildlife But the gentleman is in error in one attitude toward that item. Service. May I say that personally I statement. He said the original esti Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. For am very much in sympathy with the mate on the project was $170,000,000, which we all thank you very much. work that that Service is carrying on. which is true. However, the gentleman Mr. HORAN. Mr. Chairman, will the I believe that Dr. Gabrielson and Mr. said that around $300,000,000 had been gentleman yield? Jackson and their efficient staff are spent up to this time. The gentleman Mr. CARTER. I yield. carrying on that work and doing a very is in error in reference to that. It is ·now Mr. HORAN. I want to ask the gen splendid job. But if you will turn to estimated it will cost, when finished, tleman if it is not true that the same page 2 of the report you will find there about $333,000,000. virtues that applied to the Central Valley that of the various items set out there Mr. JENSEN. I did make that error. project, all of which are very true, do is not one single item but what received Mr. CARTER. Yes. not apply to most of the reclamation a good cut. Perhaps our cuts were too Mr. JENSEN. It is now estimated to projects. drastic at times in connection with some cost $333,605,000. _ Mr. CARTER. Yes; I think the gen of these particular items, and, ~s I told Mr. CARTER. I will say a part of the tleman's statement is correct; I think you awhile ago, I think they were in additional cost has been by reason of that is true. These reclamation proj reference to one which I want to speak increasing the height of the Shasta Dam ects, generally; are projects that pay by about a little later. While I feel they so that more power could be generated; their ultimate cost into the Treasury of were very drastic, I think that all of us a part of that is brought about by rea the United States. In addition to that, must take our cuts in good spirit. We son of the fact that they propose to build they increase property values and stabi have to work out this problem as best a steam plant costing between $15,000,000 lize communities and are very beneficial we can. May I say that I have been and $20,000,000, something I had never to the country generally. · advocating cutting, so my colleagues on heard of until a couple of years ago; a Mr. BATES of Massachusetts. Mr. the committee endeavored to demon part of it is for transmission l_ines, cost Chairman, will the gentleman yield? strate to me in connection with an item ing approximately $25,000,000, that I am Mr. CARTER. I yield. I was especially interested in what might not sure shoul(l be built. I will say to Mr. BATES of Massachusetts. The be accomplished when it came to real the gentleman from Iowa that if it is gentleman said he would be glad to an cutting, demonstrateu the steam plant and this swer any question as to the reasons for The Bureau of the Budget was late additional power line are necessary I am the decrease of any item within the in getting in their report on the Central going to be down here advocating them, bureaus. May I ask the gentleman if Valley project, and when it finally even though th~ project does ultimately he can inform us why they cut $68,540 · reached our committee they approved cost $333,000,000, instead of $170,000,000 out or' the fisheries industry item, when an item amounting to $16,400,000. As as originally estimated, because I believe it was admitted, that they cannot carry the bill originally came to the commit it is worth that to this country, and I on the work of that organization with tee there was not 1 cent in it for the believe the power generated at Shasta that amount? Central Valley Authority, but this sup Dam will largely amortize the entire Mr ..CARTER. As has· just been said, plemental estimate was sent up after project-irrigation, flood control, salinjty and the chairman also answered that the hearings closed, and at my request control, and navigation combined. question, and as I called to the attention the committee held a special meeting, Mr. JENSEN. If those facts had not of the Committee a few minutes ago, we -considered that item, and then to dem- been stressed and established before the cut every item. There is not a bureau -onstrate to me what good cutting was committee, certainly he would not have or an agency in here that, perhaps, could they cut it down to $11,500,000. got even the $11,500,000~ not take care of tts work 'Jetter if it Mr. JENSEN. Will the gentleman Mr. CARTER. Yes. I hope the gen had more money. They have just got yield? tleman from Iowa will study this Central to work a little harder. As I stated Mr. CARTER. I yield to the gentle Valley project carefully. I know he is awhile ago, I have a great deal of faith man from Iowa. sincerely interested in it, and I hope that in Mr. Gabrielson and Mr. Jackson, and I 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4697 believe that even with the reduced funds a shrinking violet in offering economy 1943. Of this latter sum the committee has they can carry on and do a very splendid amendments to the Department of the recommended that $3,200,000 be made avail work. Interior appropriation bill. I see here able for expenses of marketing, operation, and administrative costs, a reduction of $87,000 in It may be that we hit that item a little now the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. the Budget estimate. The committee has hard. The gentleman is on the Appro SMITH], who offered several amend applied the major part of this reduction to priations Committee and he knows we ments at the conclusion of the reading of funds for district offices and has apportioned must cover a large number of items, often the bill for amendment last year. The the remainder to miscellaneous administra in a short time, and it may be that we first amendment the gentleman from tive expenses, and particularly to such items were a little unduly hard. I thought we Ohio offered, as I recall, was to cut the as involve informational activities. were unduly hard about the Central nondefense items of the Interior bill by I hope the language of the committee Valley project itself, but, as I stated a few 50 percent. in this report will be adhered to by the moments ago, if that item should be in Mr. SMITH of Ohio. Mr. Chairman, Bonneville Power Administration. I creased in the Senate, I would look with will the gentleman yield for a correction? think this is the heart of the waste per sympathy on the matter when we get in Mr. JONES. I yield. petrated upon the American people. I conference. Mr. SMITH of Ohio. The amend think the $87,000 is a meritorious cut, Mr. Chairman, I yield back the balance ment was to cut the nondefense portion made at a strategic place,/ of my time. of the bill-$92,000,000-by 50 percent, If you will turn to the hearings, you Mr. Chairman, I yield 10 minutes to the which would have been $46,000,000. will find a statement placed in the record gentleman from Ohio [Mr. JoNES]. That would have amounted actually to showing the difference between the ad Mr. JONES. Mr·. Chairman, I can a reduction of 28 percent in the entire ministrative costs for 1943, with a sizable join with other members of the subcom appropriation. In this bill the subcom CQnstruction program, and the 1944 ad mittee that brought in this bill in say mittee made a reduction of nearly 60 ministrative costs, with zero constr-uc ing that I firmly in my heart believe it percent of .the 1943 appropriation. tion. The 1943 total figure, with the to be a good bill. There are some items That amendment received 5 votes in enormous amounts that were appropri I should like to cut considerably more. the affirmative. I then offered an ated for construction, included only Without hunting very far, I think I could amendment cutting the nondefense por $3,525,000 for both construction cost and find an additional cut of $1,000,000. I tion of the appropriation, $97,000,00&, by operating cost. The operation limitation, do not, however, propose to offer any 25 percent. That amendment received the major activity for the fiscal year 1944 amendments because this appropriation 14 votes. Then I offered an amend with zero construction, was $1,655,112. bill is such' a departure from the bills I ment cutting the nondefense portion by If they could get along with an allocation have worked on in the past that the im 10 percent, and that amendment, if I of $1,655,000 for the administration of provement, I think, is worthy of a litt e recall correctly, received approximately the Bonneville power operation during support even from a humble Republican 38 favorable votes. the present fiscal year, then they should member of the economy bloc. I am happy to see that a change has not have a sizable increase !or the 1944 In the first place, this bill dramatizes come upon the Members of this House, fiscal year. . some fights we have had on the floor in especially the members of the appropria At page 482 you will find a-table de the past. You recall that for the fiscal tions subcommittee having this particu scribing exactly what I mean. ,The table year 1941 the appropriation for the In lar portion of the Interior Department is prepared by Bonneville Administration terior Department was $155,000,000. For appropriation under consideration. It is officials: the fiscal year 1942, upon which we voted truly gratifying. in the summer of 1941, the committee Mr. JONES. I thank the gentleman Requirements 1943 Esti· brought in a bill of $177,000,000. At the for his contribution. I know that our mated time that bill was brought before the former colleague from Pennsylvania, require Division Con- Opera- ment, House for consideration, I presented a who many times stood on the floor of struc- tion 1944 zero motion to recommit the bill to the sub this House and asked "Where are you tion limits- Total construe- committee for a cut of approximately going to get the money?" would be funds tion tion $20,000,000 because I felt we should be pleased today if he were here to see the ------gearing the Interior Department to war. subcommittee reporting the bill as you Administrative. $56,411 $188,854 $245,265 $206,578 Accounting _____ 142,894 174,647 317,541 180,664 In 1941, the Secretary of the Interior was find it today, recommending to the Engineering_ ••• 677,204 984,171 1, 561,375 1, 791,768 running around the country telling the House for appropriation the total sum of lniormationLand ______••••• 24,701 ?:1,359 52,060 31,917 people to get ready to get into World 64,483 ...... 64,483 24,619 $72,861,316 for the entire Department of LegaL------43,540 92,522 136,062 101,046 War No. 2, and I felt that if the Sec the Interior. Office.service •• _ ~08, 472 35,050 243,522 196,846 retary of the Interior was aware of im Defense Now I want to turn to the portions of guards •••• 398,620 ...... 398,620 367,000 pending war his Department ought to be the bill in which I think I could save . PersonneL _____ 108,225 15,480 123,705 52,854 one of the first to gear Itself to war. another $1,000,000 if I were writing it Procurement.••• 75,400 5, 770 81, 170 36,187 Power manage- During the hearings of 1941 I asked the myself. I want to pay my humble trib ment ______170,000 131,259 301,259 297,521 Interior Department to prepare .for me ute to the other members of the subcom ------a statement of the actual amount that mittee on both sides of the aisle for the TotaL •••• 1, 869,950 1, 655,112 13,525,062 3, 287,000 was for national pefense. Out of the fine spirit with which we approached the 1 Represents 1Jscal year total requirements and gives Budget estimate of $183,000,000 for the writing of this bill. There was never a effect to reductions in staff already accomplished. fiscal year 1942, only $43,420,400 was for time when we disagreed to the point of national defense. That prompted me to becoming disagreeable on any provisions I have not heard anybody, outside of make the motion in 1941 to cut $20,- regarding the amounts to be appropri Dr. Raver, estimate there would be more 00tJ ,OOO from the 1942 fiscal year appro ated for any bureau or agency within the than $16,000,000 for construction next priation bill. This attempt to hold the Interior Department. fiscal year. I doubt if W. P. B. will re line against inflation and to hold the lin.e The portion with which I find fault is. lease material for that much expendi against Government ~oondoggling, leav in the authorization to allow unexpended ture. So, if you cut $1,000,000 from the ing the bill at the 1941 figure of $155,- funds of last year to be used for admin $3,200,000 that we have allowed to 000,000, was wholly unappreciated by the istrative purposes this year. The Bonneville, and leave this authorization majority of the membership, amount recommended by the Bureau of at $2,200,000, there will still be a $600,000 The motion to recommit was over the Budget was $3,287,000. The com leeway for whatever construction w. P. B. whelmingly defeated and the bill went mittee allowed $3,200,000 for administra may allow, and Congress will still be in to conference, was raised considerably, tive expenses. The cut of $87,000 was session, certainly, as in the past, to bring approved by the Senate and House, and for these purposes, and I quote now the in a deficiency appropriation bill for any signed by the· President. committee report: emergency that we do not foresee now. Last' year a considerable effort was There was a total unexpended balance of The CHAIRMAN. The time of the made, especially by the gentleman from $46,600,000 available as of January 31, -1943, gentleman from Ohio has expired. Pennsylvania, Mr. Rich, to successively and it is estimated there will be an unallo Mr. CARTER. Mr. Chairman, I yield amend the bill, and I confess I was not cated balance of $30,000,000 as of June 30, the gentleman 5 minutes more. I' • 4698 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 20 Mr. JONES. I think this is a logical costs of the information service with Geological Survey and Bureau of Mines, approach to cutting another million dol the 1941 costs which Interior prepared the United Nations can and will be sup lars from this appropriation bill, and and gave to the Bureau of the Budget. plied with sufficient critical and strategic that it should be made, because the type To this date they have not sent any resources for all our needs. of personnel they have at the Bonne letter containing the information to We have allowed the· Grazing Service ville Administration is the type that the either the clerk of the committee or to the sum of $856,700, which is $26,000 be Army and the Navy need-skilled per members of the subcommittee contain low Budget estimates, to continue the sonnel men, skilled engineers. We cer ing the amount. - This flagrant denial of administration, management, and pro tainly need to enlist all of these people information for the committee is a tection of grazing resources on more in the war effort. -challenge to the integrity of the House. than 140,000,000 acres of public range I call attention to another item that I must confess it has a New Deal pat lands in grazing districts established in bears reflection, and that is the number tern not wholly without precedent. If 10 Western States. These services make of personnel in the Interior Department we want to know how much money the it possible for this section of our Nation by years. In 1944, fer the fiscal year Interior Department has spent for in to produce 9,000,000 head of sheep; ap 1944, with the reductions that we have formation, certainly Congress or Con proximately 2,000,000 head of cattle, made, I do not know what the final gressmen ought to be able to get it. We 130,000 head of horses, 150,000 head of amount of personnel will be, but I can should be the judge of what we should goats, and approximately 400,000 head say that if the Interim: Department does or should not get. Certainly it is not of big-game animals. Other appropria what it should these cuts will find their within the discretion of any agency in tions are for construction and mainte way to the personnel that should be the executive branch of the 3overn nance, $75.000, and for leasing of grazing shaved in the war effort from the ordi ment to deny us any material for which lands, $3,000. The domestic livestock nary peacetime functions of the Interior we ask. At . this moment the Depart are owned by more than 21,000 operators Department. ment has not given us the figures that who receive licenses and permits for pub ~ I asked. the Secretary to put -a state they have or should have, and I am lic-range privileges and they actually ment in the record of the number of sorry that the committee did not elimi paid to the United States Treasury 'in personnel necessary to run the Interior nate the entire amount for information fees, $33A,790 last year. Department oy years. You will find the service in the Secretary's office, because Your committee has recommended the information tabulated on page 33 of the of this flag-rant denial of the rights of sum of $225,000, which is $22,030 less hearing&. As of June 30, 1940, there were Congress. than was appropriated last year, for the 48,9"47 employees in the Interior Depart The CHAiRMAN. The time of the Petroleum Conservation Division which ment; as of June 30 1941, there were 48,- gentleman from Ohio has again expired. is necessary for continuing the work as 569; as of June 30, Hl42, 47,823; as of Mr. FITZPATRICK. Mr. Chairman, I -contemplated by Executive Order No. December 31, 1942, 13 months after Pearl yield 7 minutes to the gentleman from 7756 of December 1, 1936. Harbor, there were 39.774. Mr. Chair Arkansas [Mr. NORRELL]. The sum of $1,198,200, which ,is $141,- man, it seems to me that this record is Mr. NORRELL. Mr. Chairman, the 800 less than last year's appropriation, a challenge to the great problem of man House has designated the Committee on has been provided for soil and moisture power for the battle fronts, and on the Appropriations to investigate, prepare conservation. This amount is necessary home fronts. Ir seems to me that if the and report the necessary appropriation to finance soil and moisture conservation Secretary of the Interior had been as measures for consideration. This is a operations on lands under jurisdiction alert to gear his agency into the war ef tremendous responsibility. of the Department of the Interior as au fort as he has been advising others to Your committee on appropriations is thorized under provisions of the Soil gear themselves into the war effort, that making every effort to be fair, reasonab1e Conservation Act of April 27, 1935. Ap we could have cut this personnel 1 and economical in the discharge of its proximately 450,000,000 acres of land or year ago somewhere near the same pro duties; especially is this true of your 23 percent of the total area of the conti portion that the committee has cut the subcommittee on Interior Department nental United States remain in Federal dollar sign in this bill today. appropriations headed by our very able ownership. Of this area 280,000,000 There is another item that seems to and considerate Chairman, Hon. JED acres are under the jurisdiction of the me very important and that is the cost JoHNSON, and Messrs. F:tTZPATRICK. KIR Department of the Interior. Reports in of information in the Interior Depart WAN, CARTER, JONES, and JENSEN. These dicate that about 230,000,000 acres are ment. Every year there ·is a battle to other members of the subcommittee are in a condition requiring conservation find out how much the Interior Depart also very able and conscientious. I en treatment if the lands are to be kept in ment is spending for press releases and deavor to be helpful. production and the badly eroded areas publicity. Two years ago 1 asked them We are presenting for your consider rehabilitated. Something like 60,000,000 to gi_ve me information as to· the entire ation today the annual appropriation for acres under the jurisdiction of this De cost to the Interior Department and they the Department of the Interior, your di p9.rtment is . in a serious state of erosion. gave me something near the figure of vision or branch of government having This program is partly self-sustaining. $76,000. Then a year later I was able jurisdiction or custody of the Nation's I believe last year they collected in excess to get a report fron. the Bureau of the natural resources. of $812,305 for services rendered. Budget showing that the entire informa At this particular time this Depart The above and some other divisions tion cost of the Department of the In ment is of very great importance. This are located in the Secretary's office. The terior was something more than $2,- war will be won by and with our coura total appropriation for all these activi 400,000. This year I presented Mike geous soldiers and our natural resources. ties in the Secretary's office last year Strauss, one ot the Assistant Secretaries This Department is mobilizing our re amounted to $6,855,365, whereas, this of the Interior, with these Budget fig- · sources-such as minerals, fuels, power year the total amount recommended is ures. They are not prepared by any and other critical and strategic mate $4,026,480 which is $2,828,885 less than it partisan, or bv me. They were prepared rials for our war program. was a year ago. by the Interior Department itself, who At the time Germany invaded-Norway I wish to call your attention at this confessed that they had spent $1,429,- in 1.940 the Anglo-Saxon peoples con point that no direct appropriation of new 878 for publications and $69,076 for press trolled approximately 75 percent of the money is provided for the Bonneville releases alone. - world's metals supply. Within a short Power Administration. It is, however, I asked them, first, to put a table time, Germany acquired the iron of Nor authorized to use not in excess of $3,200,- into the record showing where any of way, the coal and iron of France and 000 of its unobligated balance of the cur this 1941 information personnel had Belgium; the copper and aluminum rent appropriation. been eliminated. You will not find the bearing bauxite of southeastern Europe The sum of $97,200 is recommended statement -of that. Then I told them and, in addition to this, the amount of for the High Commissioner of the Philip to break down the figures, category by metal available to us was reduced by pine Islands. This is $66,300 less than category, on the same blanks and forms, Axis raids on our shipping. I think it the appropriation last year. Ttus reduc so that the membership would have a can be said now that through the very tion is due to cessation of activities in basis to compare the 1944 fis~al year outstanding accomplishmen,ts of the the Philippines. Personnel detained by • 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4699 '---the enemy in the Philippines are paid In addition to this sum, we have recom the balance of 34,000,000 which cannot salaries and wages totaling $62,800 per mended a total for the Bureau of Indian presently be processed; and extensive in annum.· This amount is frozen as an Affairs from tribal funds the sum of vestigations are pla,pned for the ensuing obligation under the provisions of Public $1,577,655. This is $20,205 more than year, by which it is believed that addi- . Law No. 490-Seventy-seventh Congress. was spent last year but this money be tional large deposits may be discovered. The balance of the appropriation covers longs to these tripes and they have rec~ Arkansas produces presently 97.3 percent necessary funds for salaries and expenses ommended this method of expenditure. of the bauxite produced in the United of other officers, presently located in this I do not believe that the Indians are re States. Other strategic minerals, such Nation. ceiving as much consideration at the as manganese, mercury, nickel, tungsten, The sum of $850,000 has been recom hands of Congress as other citizens of chromium, tin, and a multiplicity of mended for the Solid Fuels Administra the United States, but these services do other critical materials have been dis tion for War, which was created by Exec-· offer some measure of equality and the -covered throughout the Nation, and these utive order under date of April 19, 1943. appropriation is much less than was deposits assure us of victory insofar as Under the terms of the order this organ provided last year. the mobilization of strategic and critical ization absorbs the office of Fuel Coordi We have recommended for the Geo materials are concerned. nator for War. This amount is $70,000 logical Survey the total sum of $4,474,- The National Park Service has been less than the amount provided in the 600, which is $216,490 less than the provided with $3,957,810, which is $1,- last appropriation bill. amount provided last year. During the 529,555 less than they had last year, and The General Land Office has been pro past several years with the gathering of many of our parks are now being used vided with the total sum of $2,119,350. war clouds in Europe, the outbreak of exclusively by our military services. This is $201,110, less than was provided war on that continent, its rapid spread Others are being turned over to the mili in the last appropriation measure. In to .other pltrts of the world, its close tary services, soldiers from the battle this connection I call your attention to threat to our peace and security, and fields are going to have the exclusive use the fact that the earnings Qf this De finally our entry into the conflict, it be of many of our best and most beautiful partment for the fiscal year for 1942 were came necessary for the Geological Sur parks for their enjoyment. The Park $9,014,.!.72.87. Their income approxi vey to mobilize its facilities and its Service has rendered a very great con mately was four and one-half times as strength and shift its energies from tribution to the war effort. much last year as their expenditures. peace to wartime activities. No agency 'l;'his committee recommended $4,897,- Your committee recommends an ap of the Government has been of more vital 350 for the Fish and Wildlife Service, propriation of $1,388,500 for the Bureau service to the war effort than the Geo which is $1,014,220 less than last year. of Reclamation, which is $1,258,560 less logical Survey and practically all its work This· Service is also engaged in the war than the amount that was provided last presently is being done for the military effort and they are making a tremendous year, and $12,100,000 for general con services. The hearings are complete and contribution toward solving the food sup struction funds which is $67,279,340 less I wish all Members would read the out ply of this and the other United Nations. than last year. The Bureau played a standing accomplishments of this great For all activities in Alaska we have very important role during the fiscal department. They have done very out recommended $1,392,600, which is $607,- year. It functioned as chief supplier of standing work in Arkansas in the ex 720 less than they had last year. Alaska electric power, foodstuffs, and water ploration of zinc deposits in southwest has become' a strategic area. For the three basic essentials of national exist Arkansas; quartz crystals in central first time in my knowledge the Alaskan ence in war or in peace. Stored water Arkansas. Our quartz crystals are now Railroad has been more than self -sus irrigated more than 3,000,000 acres of being developed in greater quantity, and taining. It may be said that Alaska is, so productive land, and the gross value of tests heretofore made of a small amount far as this Nation is concerned, the most 1941 crops on land served with Reclama of crude crystals turned out to be higher strategic area at the present time. tion water was $159,885,998. These val in grade than that from Brazil. The We have recommended $21,600 for Ha ues do not, of course, include the live Metal Reserve Corporation has leased waii, which is $46,800 less than the stock fattened on Reclamation projects, certain areas containing quartz crystals amount they had last year-the total nor dairy products which, if included, in the Ouachita National Forests and amount for last year being $68,400. The would increase the production/ by ap this corporation proposes to do very ex Virgin Islands have ·been given $125,000. proximately 25 percent. The Bureau is tensive mining. Bauxite, of course, is our I have not agreed with all of the re the principal Federal agency engaged in No. 1 mineral. More men and more ductions made in this bill. I do not the construction and operation of water money have been devoted by the Geologi agree with all items that have been al projects for irrigation and power. Its cal Survey on this mineral than all other lowed. However, as a whole, I think the activities are confined to 17 western minerals in Arkansas. More extensive bill represents the very careful and con States. The rainfall in this region is geological surveys are planned for the siderate judgment of this committee, and 'insufficient for crop production. With future with money provided in this bill, while very drastic cuts have been made out water conservation and irrigation it and it can be said now that Arkansas in practically all items I wish to com would be impossible for the 15,000,000 will give forth to the Nation sufficient pliment the variou.s departments and people who live in that area, to sustain bauxite from which aluminum will be othe.r witnesses for being charitable with themselves or maintain their great mili made to supply our needs. this committee in its endeavor to hon tary centers and other war activities. We have recommended for the Bureau estly extend in this bill the economies Last year the Bureau supplied irrigation of Mines a total appropriation of $8,835,- so desired by the people in all matters water to 37,000,000 acres of western land 130, which is a decrease over the budget and more especially in those items which which produced two and one-half million estimate of $194,905. It is hard to dis do not make some contribution to the 100-pound sacks of beans, about 36,000,- cuss separately the Bureau of Mines and war effo1·t. 000 bushels of potatoes, and they were the Geologicai Survey, because their work Also, I would like to call your atten able to feed their dairy herds which is to some extent in the same fi ~ld. The tion to the fact that while we have re yielded to the Nation 144,000,000 pounds Geological Survey makes the necessary duced the total appropriation from of beef and 1,709,000 pounds of milk. surveys and the Bureau of Mines makes $192,860,791.43, allowed last year, 1to the The gross revenue in 1942 from power the necessary investigations and tests. sum of $82,188,576, which is the amount plants on 10 projects operated by the Extensive studies and investigations, rec.ommended this year, ''making a net Bureau exceeded · $9,000,000. Receipts however, have been made of practically reduction of $119,999,475.43,'' I wish to from landowners whose lands were irri all of Arkansas' minerals as well as the call your attention to the fact that of gated by Reclamation Bureau amount to minerals of other States. The hearings the amount allowed for expenditures $6,122,430.56. . are very extensive. Sixty million tons of for the next fiscal year, all but approxi This committee has recommended for bauxite and "potential ores" depending mately $19,000,000 will be expended from the Bureau of Indian Affairs, exclusive on the perfection of the extraction proc ·receipts of the various divisions of the of tribal funds, the sum of $26,926,421. ess have been discovered in Arkansas: Department of the Interior. In other which is $1,845,320.43 less than was pro 6,835,000 toni grade A; 8,941,000 tons words, the taxpayers of the United vided in the current appropriation bill. grade B; 10,439,000 ·tons grade C; and States, for the maintenance of all these I 4700. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 20 activities, shall not be called upon to pay expanding such industries by 1,000 per necessary substitutions for those re more than approximately $19,000,000. cent of the capacity available in 1933. sources entering the depletion cycle. This is an excellent record, and, in mY It is hard to realize how this Nation Energy and power will play ·an im judgment, all sections of the Department would have been able to cope with the portant part in such future planning. of the Interior from its director to its existing situation without the early pro Base metal electroproduction must come minor officers should be highly qompli vision for Federal hydropower. It is from low-cost powe ~·. The post-war un mented. apparent to those of us who are familiar employment problem is definiteJy tied up We think we have done a reasopably with the situation, that our Nation's ex with adequate and proper resource utili good job. We hope the House may penditure of blood and treasure, would zation. reach such conclusion from a very care have bee11 far greater if we had no early I deem it advisable for the member ful study and consideration of the bill, expanded electrical capacity, so as to ship of this House to be fully acquainted and we believe the amounts finaliy al make electrometallurgical and electro with the war-power developments in the lowed by the- House should be sustained, chemical processes early available. Axis countries of Norway, and especially bearing in mind the historic function of At least 75 percent of the light metals in Japan. We on· the Pacific coast are the House of Representatives with ref going into our air program comes from especially interested in what Japan has erence to making appropriation bills. the .Federal power plants in the Pacific and will be doing. Such an investiga Summing up the status of the bill, I Northwest, in California, the Western tion will bring out the advanced prep advise that the amount for the next fis States, and the Southeast. The largest arations of all of these countries to se cal year is $119,999,475, below· the 1943 portion of these light-metal require cure world domination. appropriation. This represents a very ments comes from the western plants. The South American situation also drastic reduction in practically· all funds Appropriation provisions for these west needs close study. That continent has for the many activities of the Depart ern plants comes within the jurisdiction nearly 50,000,000 horsepower of poten ment of the Interior. The reduction in of the Interior committee. It has been tial hydropower which is largely unused. Budget estimates recommended by your stated on several occasions that pre This South American power is extremely committee is $9,327,260. The bill as re paredness depends on foresight. With high class on account of great falls and ported to the House through voluntary out the foresight of this committee, our heavy, steady rainfalls. In the hands of cuts by the Department of the Interior-, country would have been ill-prepared. unfriendly competitors, it can become a reductions made by the Bureau of the When the factual history of our war threat to our position. Nearly half of Budget, and reductions made by your effort is written the work of this com this South AIPerican potential power committee, all told, reflects a 60-percent mittee will stand out as an outstanding lies in Brazil in close proximity to high cut from the current appropriations. example of vision. The sad part of the quality and extensive mineral deposits. Mr. MILLS. Mr. Chairman, will the story is that the men in the war agen Another highly important study should gentleman yield? cies did not have vision or make full use cover the depletion of our own resources Mr. NORRELL. I yield. of the authority and funds that Congress and an inventory of what we have and Mr. MILLS. I desire to congratulate provided. Congress was way in advance what we need. The growing pains ex my colleague and the other members of of the war agencies on the light metal, periep.ced by our war agencies bespeak the subcommittee for the splendid job rubber, mineral, and power problems the necessity of a worth-while inventory. they have done in bringing this appro when it passed the Thomas Act and pro I have been impressed particularly by priation bill to the House at a consider vided funds for Federal hydro plants these agencies' part in the shipbuilding ably less amount than was contained in and the necessary investigations and program now being car:ried on by Henry the bill last year. I feel that the action processes connected therewith. What is J; Kaiser in the Pacific Northwest re of the subcommittee can be followed by more remarkable still, this vision was gion. I doubt if there is any question some of the other subcommittees. It is exercised in the midst of highly con in anyone's mir.. d as to the importance a splendid example and I hope the ex flicting points of view growing out of of the Kaiser shipyards. ample set will be contagious. · the public-private power controversy. I think too many of us have not Mr. NORRELL. I thank the gentle These controversies, from my observa realized the importance of electric power man. tion point, are secondary to the proper in ship production. We hear of ship The CHAIRMAN. The time of the utilization of our resources, both in peace production always in terms of the large gentleman has expired. and . war. I take pride in the fact that number of workers required. We Mr. CARTER. Mr. Chairman, I yield I early urged what this committee ap usually hear of ship production in terms such time as he may desire to the gentle proved. I pointe<:l_ out the basic facts on of astronomical man-hour figures, but it man from Oregon [Mr. ANGELL]. the power, metal, and rubber situation is quite apparent to anyone who delves Mr. ANGELL. Mr. Chairman, before when I addressed this House in May into the subject that the modern, high covering the subject matter pertaining 1940~CONGRESSIONAL RECORD Of May 8, speed shipbuilding, which may prove the to the Bonneville item in this bill, I wish page 5786. This wa's 8 days before the salvation of the United Nations, is at to point out the great contribution to the President addressed both Houses on the least equally dependent upon high-speed common defense made by this committee. emergency and what lay ahead. electrically operated tools, such as heavy This contribution has resulted from the From this observation point it can be duty cranes, presses, drills, lathes, and committee's early vision in providing plainly seen that the prime industries of particularly the electric welding arc. transmission capacity from the Bonne the future will be those engaged in the These tools have been the instruments ville plant, which is in my district. The production of electrochemical and elec through which· ship fabrication has been War Department subcommittee also tro metals. Airplanes and our future reduced from the World War No.1 record shares in this contribution by their early commerce will not be possible without of 236 days to less than 10 days at present vision in authorizing the last eight gener such productivity. In addition, we, as in some cases. The yards in my district ating units. It is with a high degree of the arsenal for the world, are drawing lead the country in ship production satisfaction that I refer to the commit on our own resources at a rate higher speed. tee's contribution, as I can speak with than any of us can visualize. We must One kilowatt of electric power is neces intimate knowledge. find substitutes, if we are to hold our own sary to make every five shipyard The facts are that when our Nation as a first-class nation. workers effective. A yard employing entered this war, we were ill prepared to It is clear that to Congress belongs the 50,000 men must have at least 10.000 fight a modern war. Such wars are task of post-war planning. In the con kilowatts of electricity. If the electric based on highly developed electrochem sideration of such planning this House ity is not available, the 50,000 men must ical and electrometallurgical industries. will fin._: that they will have to consider work under the obsolete methods of 25 Through the operations of international two approaches to the resources phase. years ago. cartels, during the period from 1920 to These approaches will be concerned with The figures _given by Department of the 1941, this Nation was relegated to an an inventory and use of the national re Interior offi.cials to the Appropriations inferior position in this field of activity. sources that should be dedicated to fu Committee show that the Northwest re Those of us who have investigated this ture new competitive commercial uses, gion as a whole, and particularly the area matter early knew that Germany was and secondly, such pJq,nJ:ling must cover around the city of Portland where the - .1943 CONGRESSIONAL ~ECORD-HOUSE 4701 Kaiser shipyards are located would be a been authorized at Grand Coulee by Con figures I am covering apply to the fiscal power shortage area if it were not for gress, but their completion date thus far is year 1944 as given in the RECORD. Rev Bonneville Dam and Grand Coulee Dam, indefinite due to priority difficulties. The present rated generating capacity at enues 2nd expenses are given for other and for the system of transmission lines these two dams of 626,000 kilowatts will be years also, but for brevity I will cover and substations through which the increased by the end of the calendar year the 1 year: electric power from those two dams is 1943 to more than 1,200,000 kilowatts, approxi The gross revenue given on p. transmitted to the industrial sections. mately 100 percent increase in capacity dur 480is ___ ~ ------$18,085,500 The power companies established in ing this calendar year. The increasing tempo Operating and depreciation ex- the Portland area ~ave for several years of the Administration's part in the war effort penses, Bonneville Power Ad been dependent upon Columbia River is reflected in its power deliveries since- 1940: ministration alone, p. 48L___ 4, 271, 990 Net Bonnevillf' Power Adminis- power which has been made available to tration operating income, them. Without this power they would Increase over p. 481 ______13,813,510 Year Kilowatt-hours previous year be unable to meet the rapidly growing Interest on Bonneville Power needs of their normal market,· to say Administration Federal in nothing of the added demands for power 354, 208, 000 vestr.nent,p.481______2,145,696 placed upon them by the shipyard de ] ' 568, 728, 000 ], 214, 520,000 Net income available for power 1942.------1943mt======~ ! ______3, 939, GOO, 000 2, 370, 872, 000 velopments. In view of this fact I am 7, 637, 800, 000 3, 698, 200, 000 cost and surplus, and operat 9, 647, 533,000 2, 009, 733, 000 ing expenses at generating convinced that the present is no time to 1944 '------stations,p.481 ______11,667,814 deny the reasonable request of the De 1 Estimated. The operattng expenses at sta partment of the Interior for the use of tions,p.521------1,344,675 funds for operation and maintenance. To meet these large increases in load, a rapid expansion of transmission facilities to Net for interest and amortiza- On the basis of the committee's evi take the tremendous quantities of power tion of two dam plants______10, 323, 139 dence I believe the Department of the from the generating plants to the load The only item that need be covered Interior has been cooperating with exist centers was required. The construction of to complete the over-all pay-out calcula ing privately owned utility systems in the electrical facilities, accelerated in 1941 in tion is the interest and amortization of region. It is pouring its power without anticipation of these new loads, was inter rupted upon the declaration of war in order the plant costs allocated to power. This stint-into practically all of these systems. is given on page 518 of the hearings, and . Through these interconnections Co to conserve critical material. Only such lines and substation requirements were continued when considered with , the generating lumbia River power is being made ·avail as were necessary to maintain minimum serv plant operating expenses I have just able not only to the shipyards in the ice to war plants. The rapid expansion of cited, shows surplus over-all charges of Portland area but in the Puget Sound these facilities is best illustrated by the fol all kind~ of $3,267,000 for the fiscal year area as well. lowing data: 1944. These figures definitely answer the Mr. Chairman, I call attention to the question of returns as given from the following excerpts from the 'hearings, Mile-years Eubsta· Kilovolt· balance sheet figures submitted by the page 470, showing th~ operations of the Fi ~ca l year- of line in tions ampere-years Administrator. Bonneville agencies: operation capacity -----1-----·1------I must add a word of caution at this The vital role being played by the Admin 1940 ______52.1 3 14,910 point, and that is not to take random istration in the war program is indicated by 1941______figures scattered throughout the hear the fact that the region will be producing 614.6 25 265,020 1942.------1943 ! ______],4~.6 34 !140, 625 ings. The only correct approach is via about 30 percent of the total aluminum pig 2,22. 9 50 1, 639,369 capacity of the Nation, utilizing more than the balance sheet route as given on pages 625,000 kilowatts of power, which is more l This includes only rrojccts autborizcd as of Jan. 1, 480 and 518 of the record. 1!:'43. real control must not be lost in· than the ultimate 1 capacity of Bonneville The Dam when completed-518,400 kilowatts; an • • • • • any discussion. This control is the re aluminum rolling mill capable of producing FINANCIAL STATUS quirement of the basic act that requires 240,000,000 pounds of aluminum sheet an The accomplishments of the Administra rate reviews every 5 years to insure a nually, and using approximately 50,000 kilo tion and the effect of contracts and new balance sheet return to the Federal watts of power; production of tremendous commitments are being reflected in the rev tonnage of new ships, 1 shipyard alone turn Treasury. It is mandatory for the Ad enues being returned to the Treasury. A ministrator to charge rates which will ing out 113 Liberty ships during 1942, with summary of actual revenues received to June a dead-weight tonnage of over 1,000,000 tons; 30, 1942, with estimated revenues for the insure a full return. a steel-rolling mill capable of producing 72,- fiscal years 1943 and 1944, follows: I need to point out that the War Pro 000 tons of steel annually, requiring 14,000 duction Board has not l.:sed these facil kilowatts of power; the production of mag.;. 1940, actual------$367,900 1941, actual------1,874,645 ities to their fullest extent. If they had nesium requiring 57,000 kilowatts of power; 1942, actual ______we would have had more planes in the and many other essential products, such as 6,160,368 12,003,519 hands of General MacArthur. The tes calcium carbide, sodium chlorate, and ferro 1943,1944, estimated------estilnated ______alloys. In addition, many other types of 18,007,166 timony of Mr. Krug, as given on pages industries which are not direct customers of 959 to 983, is misleading as there is a Bonneville have developed in the region in Estimated1944 ______total June 30, 37,413,598 gap of 2 years in w:P. B. recited activ the war production effort, all of which devel ities, which is ignored. The record is opment would have been impossible had not The Bonneville Agency, which is un complete in the appropriation hearings these power projects been built by the Fed der consideration, operates the trans on the Senate side. eral Government. ;l'he war strategy has also If this record is compared with the required the construction of many airports, mission facilities, markets the power, and Army camps, naval stations, and other simi collects the revenues. The Corps of En House Krug testimony, the gaps will be lar establishments of the War and Navy De• gineers, another agency, operates the obvious. partments in this area. The Administration Bonneville generating plant. Its power . The Department of the Interior is ask I has undertaken the servicing of all these ac costs hiwe been allocated as provided by ing for no new appropriations for the tivities, including defense housing projects, law. The Grand Coulee plant is oper Bonneville Power Administration in 1944. which have been necessary because of the ated by another agency, the Bureau of It is asking only for congressional tremendous increase in the number of de approval to reallocate $3,287,000 of fense workers required for this expanded Reclamation. It is not completed, and production program. it.; first costs have not been allocated as moneys already appropriated so that the As a result of recommendations made by provided in the reclamation law. There Bonneville Administration can carry on the Administration for the acceleration of fore in approaching a pay-out cost rie its operation and management functions construction of electrical facilities in the re termination we can deal with absolute effectively during the next fiscal year. gion in anticipation of the present crisis, figures as far as Bonneville power plant Such funds are to be used primarily Bonneville Dam, which was scheduled for and Bonneville Power Administration for the purpose of transmitting power to completion in 1946, will now be completed are concerned and estimated figures for war industries in the Pacific Northwest in 1943, and installation of generators at Grand Coulee Dam has been advanced so Grand Coulee. This will be close enough with a combined metal-plant valuation that six units will be in operation by Feb for the pm·poses at hand. in the neighborhood of $300,000,000. ruary 1944, in addition to two Shasta units I will not deal with this over-all figure Those plants are all being operated by loaned to Grand Coulee for the duration of by combining the figures given in the private enterprise and their combined th~war. Three more generating units have hearings with citation thereto. The value is roughly equal in amount to the 4702 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 20 total investment thus far in Bonneville supervision of a Federal Power Admin That includes the Reconstruction Fi and Grand Coulee Dams and the Federal istrator. nance Corporation. It includes the De electric power transmission system which One never realizes the diffusion of fense Plant Corporation and the Rural takes the power from those dams to power operations in the Government Electrification Administ::ation. .There is market. until he sets himself about it for a little a fourth category-the coptrol agencies I should like to point out that power, while and determines how far they go. that deal with the regulation of power. when it is made in the generators at Nor do we have an adequate conception That would include the War Production Grand Coulee Dam and at Bonneville of the immensity of our power opera Board, as it relates to allocations of power Dam is of little value to anyone. There tions and the investment in public supply. It would include the Federal are zio big cities close to eij;her of those power today. We ought to make up our Power Commission, which deals with dams. There are no industries located minds that public ·power is here to stay. rates and applications. It would includ& at either of those dams. Bonneville and It is like administrative law. It is here the Securities and Exchange Commis Grand· Coulee power is of value only to stay, and it has to have some good· sion, which deals with regulation of hold when it can be delivered to the industrial direction. It has to have some coordi ing companies an I ~704 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 20 same time this is permitted to ·go on. In construing this section, it is neces ernor have even a qualified veto over leg Some individuals in high places are hold sary to consider other pertinent sections islation, and that not until the Constitu ing back the development of our own as well as the general intent of the in tion of 1780 was adopted. Under the natural resources and I promise right strument as a whole. While the section Articles of Confederation there was, of now that I shall not stop until I have a provides that "all legislative power course, no Executive veto. pretty good idea who the fellows are who * * * shall be vested in a Congress," The framers of the Constitution were, are guilty of what I call sabotaging our it is clear that the framers were referring of course, familiar with this history. war program. I invite every good Amer here only to a:Hirmative legislative power. They knew both the advantages and dis ican to assist me in correcting this thing In article I, section 7, they gave legisla advantages of the Executive veto, and the at the earliest possible moment. tive power to the Executive in the follow subject was very carefully discussed at The CHAffiMAN. The time of .the ing language: • · the Constitutional Convention. It was gentleman has expired. · Article I, section 7: Every bill which shall their general purpose to create a Govern Mr. JONES. Mr. Chairman, I yield 3 have passed the House of Representatives ment consisting of ' three coordinate minutes to the gentleman from Iowa and the Senate, shall, before it becomes a branches, legislative, executive, and ju [Mr. GWYNNE]. law, be presented to the President of the dicial. In order-to maintain such a gov Mr. GWYNNE. Mr. Chairman, the United States; if he approve he shall sign ernment, it was necessary not only to it, but if not he shall return it, with his ob bill we now have before us carries appro jections, to that House in which it shall have carve out the place of each branch in priations involving some $72,000,000. It originated, who shall enter the objections at the whole scheme, but also to declare makes appropriations for at least 6 un large on their journal, and proceed to recon certain fundamental principles for keep related subjects and has over 100 sepa sider it. If, after such reconsideration, two ing each in its respective sphere. The rate and distinct items. To my mind thirds of that House shall agree to pass the power of veto was given to the President this raises the question of the desira bill, it shall be sent, together with the ob- . as a check on the law-making powers of bility of a separate item veto in our pro jections, to the other House, by which it the Congress. The delegates evidently shall likewise be reconsidered, and if ap had in mind two main purposes; first, the cedure here in Congress. In the past proved by two-thirds of that House, it shall various Presidents, including President become a law. But in all such cases, the protection of the executive branch from Grant, President Hayes and, I believe, votes of both Houses shall be determined by encroachment by Congress; second, the President Taft, have recommended a yeas and nays, and the names of the per prevention of hasty and ill-advised legis separate item veto by constitutional · sons voting for and against the bill shall be lation. This was well expressed by Alex amendment. Thirty-nine States in the entered on the journal of each House re ander Hamilton in the following lan Union have a program under which the spectively. If any bill shall not be returned guage: by the President within 10 days (Sundays Governor may veto an item separately excepted) after it shall have been presented It establishes a salutary check upon the or in some cases he may reduce an item. to him, the same shall be a law, in like man legislative body, calculated to guard the com I think the principal question here, ner as if he had signed it, unless the Con munity against the effects of faction, precipi perhaps the only question, aside from gress, by their adjournment, prevent -its re tancy, or of any impulse unfriendly to the the desirability of the program, is turn, in which case {t shall not be a law. public good, which may happen to infiuence the majority of that body (Federalist, No. 73). whether or not it can be accomplished The Courts have held that this provi without amending the Constitution. It sion confers upon the Executive legisla Beginning in 1820, the use of the is my view that it can be. In order to tive power. The legislative power of the rider-often attached to an appropria stimulate a little thought on this sub Executive is purely negative in character, tion bill-became prevalent and often ject I am today introducing a bill which and even that power of negation is sub reduced the Executive veto to a nullity. 1s very simple and provides in substance ject to being overruled by a two-thirds By rule, the House of Representatives that each item of an appropriation bill vote of Congress. In brief, Congress is subsequently prohibited this practice. shall be considered a bill within the the sole repository of affirmative legisla However, the practice of assembling ap meaning of article I, section 7, and may tiye power; that is, the power to say propriations in large :lills containing be vetoed by the President separately. what the law shall be. The Executive hundreds of separate items on wholly rrbe item vetoed would be returned to has only the power to say that a certain unrelated subjects is rapidly accomplish the Congress for further consideration measure adopted by Congress shall or ing the same result. just as other bills are considered under shall not be the law. However, the right Many of the States, confronted with such circumstances. and duty of the Executive to exercise this problem, have met it by constitu Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous cdn this negative power as his judgment dic tional provisions definitely giving the sent to revise and extend my remarks tates, is as clearly expressed in the Con Executive the power to veto a separate in the REcORD and to include a brief stitution as is the right and duty of Con item of an appropriation bill. Thirty statement I have prepared on the consti gress to perform its part of the legislative nine States have taken such action. As tutionality of this bill. function. This is clearly borne out not opposed to this plan of protecting the The CHAffiMAN. Is there objection only by the language of the Constitution, integrity of the Executive veto by consti to the request of the gentleman from but by the history of the veto power in tutional proVision, the Federal Constitu Iowa [Mr. GWYNNE]? Anglo-Saxon government. tion leaves the matter to the good· faith There was no objection. In an early day in England, the Crown of Congress. The Constitution is, after Mr. GWYNNE. Mr. Chairman, in his possessed all the powers of legislation. all, not a mere compilation of legalistic budget message several years ago Presi The rise of the English Parliament first rules. It is rather the pattern of a cer dent Roosevelt directed the attention of restricted this power of legislation to a tain philosophy of government. It Congress to the desirability of a power in negative power of veto, and finally states general principles rather than de the Executive to veto separate items jn abolished it altogether, the last veto be tailed procedure. The fundamental ob an appropriation bill, and called upon ing by Queen Anne in 1708. In the ject of the Constitution was to create a Congress to decide whether this result American Colonies, the veto power had a government of laws as distinguished should be accomplished by a constitu different history. In all the Colonies, the from a government of men. It sought tional amendment or by legislation. A Governor could veto legislation, and in to accomplish this by dividing the powers constitutional amendment would, of all but Maryland, Rhode Island, and of government among three independ course, make this practice obligatory on Connecticut the King could veto a bill, ent and coordinate branches, each one all future Congresses. However, it even after it had been approved by the of which should be a check on the other. would seem that the desired result could Governor. The King used the veto power It is to this fundamental principle rather be attained without the necessity of a freely to prevent acts of the Colonies in than to any mere declaration in the constitutional amendment. jurious to the mother coP ltry. This Constitution that the citizen must look Article I, section 1, of the Constitution abuse of the veto was complained of in for the protection of his property, his pfovides as follows: the Declaration of Independence. After liberty, and even his life. The Consti All legislative power herein granted shall the beginning of the Revolutionary w ·ar, tution does little more than to create be vested in a Congress of the United States, the American Colonies limited the veto these three branches and dr-aw the line which shall consist of a Senate and a House power of their respective Governors. In between them: It seeks to maintain that of Representatives. no State but Massachusetts did the Gov- division for all time by setting up certain 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4705 checks and balances. In the last analy p&.rticular form, or that it shall contain Article I, section 7, simply means that sis, however, the preservation of that any designated elementL. It is simply · all legislation which has passed the Con form of government is not to be sought a device by which the legislative will is gress must, before it become~ a law, be in any mere words written on paper, but expressed cc ncerning suggested legisla presented to the President. The intent rather in the acceptance of that philos tion. Neither usage nor constitutional of the Constitution is that legislation ophy of government of which the words limitation requires us to attach any tech shall be a result of the meeting of the themselves are the mere evidence. Such nict.l or restricted meaning to the word minds of the Congress and of the Execu- a government can only be maintained "bm" which will prevent the carrying aut -tive-the former affirmatively creating if each independent branch thereof rec of the r~al intent of the framers in the legislation and the President exer::. ognizes the rights and duties of the adopting the Executive veto. We must, cising his right of affirming or denying. others and protects them as actively as af' in all construction of the Constitu The method by which this result is to ~ it protects its own. tion, look to substance and not to mere be accomplished is left largely in the dis In the matter ·of legislative procedure, form. cretion of ~ongress. For example, a pro the Constitution simply says: In State v. Platt <2 S. C. 150), in dis vision could be -put in each appropriation Article I, section 5: Each House may de cussin& the meaning of the term "bill," bill stating definitely that for the pur termine the rules of its proceedings. the court says: pose of the Executive veto, each item In a technical sense, the term "blll" is ap shall be considered as a separate enact This was intended as a broad and com plicable properly to the enactment as a whole. ment of the Congress and subject to a prehensive grant of power and. has so Although the technical use of words should separate veto. There are, no doubt, been recognized by all three branches of prevail where not inconsistent with the clear other ways by which this result could be the Government. In construing the intent of the instrument, yet when such in• obtained. right of Congress to make rules, the Su tent requires that words should be used in the larger sense, it is competent so to re The CHAIRMAN. All time has ex preme Court has said, in United States gard t:Q.jm. If we should hold that the Con pired. The Clerk will read the bill for · v. Ballin <144 U. S. 1) : stitutft1h regards the enactment as a whole, amendment. It- in an exclusive sense, we would be led to Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. Mr. tht- inevitable conclusion that to become a. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent that The House of Representatives-. law, all the substantial parts o! the measure the reading of the bill for amendment be may not by its rules ignore constitutional must have together passed through all the dispensed with and that it be in order at restt:aints or violate fundamental rights, and requisite stages. The consequence of this would be that alteration in a substantial this time to offer amendments to any there should be a reasonable relation between part of the bill. the mode or method of proceeding estab part during such progress would be fatal to lished by the rule and the result whicb_is the whole bill. The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection? sought to .be attained. But within these • • • • There was no objection . limitations, all matters of method are open Forced upon the opposite cl:instruction that Mr. · BLAND. Mr. Chairman, I move to the determination of the House. and 1t is every substantial part of a bill is to be re to strike out the last word. no impeachment of the rule to say that some garded as a bill in the sense of the Constitu Mr. Chairman, the pending bill, on other way would be better, more accurate, or tion, we find nothing In our way but the page 93, line 5, makes an appropriation of even more just. It is no objection to the technical import of the term "bill." It is not $125,000 for the fisheries industry. The validity of a rule that a different one has easy to perceive why, 1f any detached part been prescribed and in force for a length of of a. statute is a law within the meaning of Bureau of the Budget recommended time. The power to ma~ rules is not one the Constitution of the United States forbid $193,540, while the appropriation for which once exercised is exhausted. It is a ding States passing laws impairing the obli 1943 was $365,540. continuous power, always subject to be exer gation of contracts, any -part of a bill is not I respectfully submit that the item cised by the House and within the limitations a bill under a clause intended to secure de should be increased from $125,000 to suggested, absolute and beyond the chal liberation in the .passage o~ legislative enact $193,540. This is an increase of $68,540 lenge of any other body or tribunal. ments. Such a conclusion is inevitable if over the amount provided in the pending regard is had to the fixed principles governing bill, but it is a decrease of $172,000 under In that case, the Supreme Court called constitutional construction. The objects had attention to the fact that the Constitu in view by a constitution in government are the appropriation for 1943. The increase tion required the presence of a quorum, habitually substantial; .matters of form are I request conforms identically with the but set up no method of making this de usually left to the legislative body as subject ·suggestion of the Bureau of the Budget. termination and that it was therefore to change with the progress of ideas and I think the j.tem is most important, and within the power of the House to pre events. The great objects in view in framing while I realize it cannot be considered a constitution are the division and distribu adequately at this time, I hope that the scribe any method ~hich would be rea tion of the powers of government, the estab sonably certain to ascertain the fact. item may be restored in the Senate and lishment of limits and boundaries beyond that it may receive sympathetic support The right of Congress to make rules for which they shall not be exercised, and the the purpose of legislation is so broad and creation of an efficient responsibility, tending of the subcommittee, with acceptance in final that the Supreme Court accepts the to restrain and furnish the means to correct conference, if increased by the Senate. complete law as it has passed Congress neglect or abuse of public authority. Clauses I know the deep interest manifested by and been signed by the President and having for their object the creation of re the subcommittee in matters pertaining deposited with the Secretary of State, as sponsibility in the exercise of political func to fisheries. This particular item has to tions are, to a large extent, intended to act do with the production of food for war the law which passed the House in ac upon the motive, either by way of creating purposes. I do not think that was gen cordance with their rules, and will not inducement for right action or removing the have recourse to the Journals ·of there temptation or opportunity to such abusive erally understood by the subcommittee at spective Houses to prove the contrary. exercises. This is in part accomplished by the time of 'its consideration, and I be fixing the responsibility for all political action lieve that the stV>committee would be Attention has been called to article I, sympathetic upon due consideration. section 7, which provides that "every bill in some definite person, or body of persons, shall be presented to the President of by securing deliberation in the performance of Mr. CARTER. Mr. Chairm::~n, will the public acts, and by ascertaining modes· of gentleman yield? tht United States." Webster defines a authentication and action in important cases Mr. BLAND. I yield. bill as follows: vitally affecting the welfare of the state. It Mr. CARTER. I said earlier in the day ' A form or draft of a law presented to a. Is obvious that, in construing clauses of this class, substance rather than form is to be on the fioor of the House that perhaps legislature but not yet enacted, or before it some of the items were cut more than 1s enacted; a proposed or projected law. considered. The object to be secured is to be sought for not alone in the formal ex they should have been cut, and I referred The term "bill," as used in the Con pressions of the Constitution, nor yet in the to this item in particular. I think this: stitution, doe~ not have any definite or technical character of the means employed to That the committee exercised its very · technica:I meaning and apparently had serve its ends, but in the nature of the sub best judgment at the time, but perhaps ject intended to be acted upon through such was not aware of the facts and circum none at thP time of the adoption of the means. In a word, the language of the Con Constitution. It is simply a vehicle for stitution in such cases is to be construed in ~tances, and I would be inclined to follow carrying proposed law througl the leg the largest sense fairly attributable to it, and the suggestions of the distinguished gen ishttive bodies. There is no constitu that will best subserve the object& it has In tleman from Virginia and consider this tional requirement that it shall be in any view. item very sympathetically in confer~nce. 4706 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 20 Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. Mr. certa!nly hope that everyone who asks withdrawal and return of fishing craft Chairman, will the gentleman yield? for an increase will exercise discretion, by the Army, Navy, Coast Guard, and Mr. BLAND. I gladly yield. because I am sure if they do not exercise War Shipping Administration. Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. I have discretion the conferees are liable to turn It is with this appropriation that the been very much interested in the gen them all down. Government maintains record of the eral information the gentleman is giving Mr. BLAND. I simply ask that it be some one hundred and thirty thousand the House. I think what the gentleman given full consideration. · fishermen in our commercial fisheries, from California [Mr. CARTER], the rank .Iv.Ir. DffiKSEN. ·Mr. Chairman, will the providing data for the War Manpower ing minority Member, has said is the gentleman yield? Commission, Selective Service, and unanimous opini.on of the subcommittee Mr. BLAND. I yield. United States Employment Service. handling the bill. Mr. DIRKSEN. I think it is necessary It is with this appropriation that the Mr. BLAND. I thank both the gentle in arriving at the best economy, the im Government maintains record of the · men. portant thing is the selection of the production and prices of fishery ~roducts Mr. BATES of Massachusetts. Mr. items where economies are effected. for guidance in allocating food for mili Chairman, will the gentleman yield? This particular item, it occurs to me, in tary, lend-lease, and civilian needs, and Mr. BLAND. I yield. volves the very foundation of the work for establishment of price ceilings. Mr. BATES of Massachusetts. The of the Fisheries and Wildlife Setvice and It is with this appropriation that the gentleman stated that the reduction in if economies are necessary I think they Government obtains data on the mate this item will considerably interfere with might come from some other item. rials and equipment requirements of the the production of food. I think one of Mr. BLAND. This is a highly impor fishing industry for guidance in the allo the sources of information that came to tant item. - cation of essential materials and equip the Committee on Merchant Marine a:r;td Mr. JENSEN. Mr. Chairman, will the ment to an industry vital to the war pro Fisheries was that about 100,000,000 gentleman permit me to ask the gentle gram. pounds less of fish was caught in 1942 man from Illinois a question? It is with this appropriation that the than in 1941. Mr. BLAND. I gladly yield for that Government obtains data to guide the Mr. BLAND. Something like that. I purpose. fishing industry in the care and more ef am going to ask permission to extend and Mr. JENSEN. I would like to ask the fective use of its fishing gear. · revise my remarks, which will contain gentleman from Illinois where we are It is with this appropriation that the that very statement. going to draw the line. Governmen ·~ obtains information neces Mr. BATES of Massachusetts. It is Mr. DIRKSEN; That is a matter for sary in guiding the Nation in making very important that we should keep that the subcommittee to determine, after it adjustment to wartime food shortages. item in the bill and I am glad to see the has heard the justification for the items. It is with this appropriation that the Chairman of the Committee having juris Mr. JENSEN. That is right, but this Government obtains the necessary tech diction over fisheries, here to support it. is one of the border line cases. nological information to guide the fish Mr. ANGELL. Mr. Chairman, will the Mr. DffiKSEN. The determination ing industry in obtaining more efficient gentleman yield? rests with the committee. and effective utilization of its products Mr. BLAND. I yield. Mr. JENSEN. Just as in the selective during·wartime. Mr. ANGELL. I agree heartily with service. It is with this appropriation that the what the gentleman has said. I am a Mr. DIRKSEN. Yes. Government obtains necessary informa member of the special Committee on the Mr. JENSEN. It is quite a problem. tion on the nutritive value of fishery Conservation of Wilcllife Resources. We Mr. BLAND. Mr. Chairman, the fish- products and recommends the best have he1d extensive hearings and we went ing industry has been askec'l. to produce methods of preparation so as to conserve at some length into the question of con some 6,D-OO ,OOO,OOO pounds of fish and nutritional properties in a diet being af servation of food fish, and we found in fishery products during 1943 as its con fected by war. some reports that were submitted to us tribution to the war effort. The highest Knowing first-hand the importance of that there was an immense quantity of peacetime production has been about the work coming under this item, I am · food in the fish and wildlife that we 5,000,000,000 pounds, with production convinced that inadvertently a mistake could make use of in the war effort if during recent · years ranging between has been made in reducing this item. I we give it proper protection. On the basis three and one-half and four billion note that, commenting upon the appro of informatioq that came to us, I think pounds. priation for the Fish and Wildlife Serv it would be a very grave mistake at this The Department of the Interior has ice, the subcommittt!e, on page 15 of the time to make the reduction proposed· been given the responsibility for fish report, says: under the Budget estimate. production in the war food program and In considering estimates for this activity Mr. BLAND. I _thank the gentleman. of coordinating the activities of all war the co:r.unittee for the second consecutive Mr. JENSEN. Mr. Chairman, will the agencies affecting fisheries. In this work year was faced with the necessity of making gentleman yield? the Division of Fishery Industries is the deductions (n many deserving and valuable Mr. BLAND. I gladly yield. focal point for basic information regard projects which are not related to the war. Mr. JENSEN. Of course, we must never ing the commercial fishing industry; It is hoped that many of them may be re lose sight of the fact that there are many thus the Nation's wartime food program, stored to their former level when the existing groups of people that are asking for ap insofar as it pertains to fish and fishery emergency has passed. propriations, great, huge appropriations, products, is influenced by the functions The entire amount of $193,540 recom to produce everything imaginable in the performed by this small but essential mended by the Bureau of the Budget is way of food. unit. used exclusively .to carry on the Govern Mr. BLAND. I thoroughly agree with The Appropriations Committee has ment's fish-production program. It is what the gentleman says. recommended a reduction of $68,540 in an essential part of our war food pro Mr. JENSEN. We have cut the agri the item for fishery industries in the De gram, the fisheries being one of the prin cultural appropriation bill and other bills. partment of the Interior appropriation cipal sources of vital protein foods needed We cut that bill down by the hundreds bill for 1944. This represents a 35 per by our soldiers an / 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4709 The wood-stave Fishkin Canal siphon pointing out that it is a mighty short Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. That crossing of the Sun River development sighted policy. I do not care whether it ·was entirely without our province. Our is in extremely poor condition and must comes from the War Production Board, committee could not investigate a mat .. be replaced with a steel conduit. The or where. We must have food in this ter of that kind. construction, estimated to cost $50,000, country. Mr. CURTIS. It is taking place, wouW provide a · greater water supply Mr. FITZPATRICK. Our committee though, is it not? and remove the hazard of a serious crop has been very sympathetic with recla The CHAIRMAN. The time of the loss through a system failure. mation projects, but under the circum gentleman from Montana has expired. It is also urgent that drainage of stances the committee could not recom THE AMAZING AND INCREDIBLE SIDPSHAW Greenfield Lake on this project, which mend an appropriation. TRANSACTION has· been rising steadily with run-off The CHAffiMAN. The time of the Mr. COFFEE. Mr. Chairman, I move water from increased irrigated acreage, gentleman from Montana bas expired. to strike out the last three words. be provided. The development will re Mr. O'CONNOR. Mr. Chairman, I ask Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous con store to agricultural use considerable unanimous consent to proceed for 2 ad sent to proceed for 5 additional minutes. lake-shore land and will remove a seep ditional minutes. The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection age threat from adj~cent and somewhat The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from higher lands. An appropriation of $40,- to the request of the gentleman from Washington? 000 is required. About $100,000 wilJ be Montana? There was no objection. needed to continue the present drainage There was no objection. DENIAL OF PRIORITIES TO AMERICAN PROJECTS program of the Sun River project, where Mr. O'CONNOR. May I say to my CONTRASTED WITH WAR PRODUCTION BOARD seepage has been increasing steadily as distinguished colleague from New York TREATMENT OF SHIPSHAW OF CANADA more land is irrigated. that I have pointed out to my friends in The Milk River project is also affected the West that the West has no better Mr. COFFEE. Mr. Chairman, because by a major drainage problem. About friend than the gentleman from New of the question propounded by the gen 3,200 acres of the F0rt Belknap irriga York [Mr. FITZPATRICK]. He has always tleman from Nebraska [Mr. CURTIS] just tion district of the Chinook division has been a supporter of our reclamation a moment ago and because in the minds been taken out of production as a result projects. We appreciate the splendid of many of the Members there is some of seepage. Drainage of this idle land, work he has done. As a matter of fact, doubt about this granting of priorities to capable of producing as good crops as we appreciate all the members of this plants outside of the United States and any land in northern Montana, is essen committee, and in fact all the members the denial of priorities to :r.lants in this tial if the district is to survive. Much of the Committee on Appropriations, be country, I take this time to discuss the of the area is only slightlY affected and cause they have treated us very fine in matter in connection with the Interior can be placed in production immediately. the past. But whether this policy is a Department appropriation bill. I direct The cost of this improvement is about War Production Board policy or not I do your attention to page 486 of the hear $100,000. not care. I repeat that it is a short ings under the title "Loan to the Alumi The Montana areas in which there are sighted policy. If they do not change num Co. of Canada," wherein will be investigations yet to be completed are their ways, we may find ourselves short found a very illuminating discussion by the Bitter - Root, Marias, the Yellow of food right here in this country in the the distinguished members of the com stone, Big Horn, and Powder River, the not very far distant future. mittee with Dr. Paul Raver, Adminis Kalispell, Milk River, and Sweetgrass. Mr. SMITH of Ohio. Mr. Chairman, trator of the Bonneville Power Admin In connection with the Yellowstone will the gentleman yield? istration. River survey, there is the Laurel-Park Mr. O'CONNOR. I yield to the gen INTERIOR DEPARTMENT APPROPRIATIONS SUBCOM City area where an important agricul tleman from Ohio. MITTEE EXHIBITED COMMENDABLE SKEPTICISM tural section needs attention. Mr. SMITH of Ohio. I should like to OF SHIPSHAW The construction or completion of have the chairman of the subcommittee In that section of the hearings there these various projects would require make an explanation as to why the Cen are statements made by the members of very little steel, yet we were unable to tral Valley project in California is re the subcommittee who participated, secure such priorities. I repeat again ceiving an appropriation here of $11,- questioning the advisability of the War - that this is a mighty short-sighted pol 000,000. If all the other reclamation Productio~ Board granting at times icy of the Vvar Production Board and projects have been eliminated, why has higher priorities to the Shipshaw proj the 0. P. A. That there is a shortage of this been left in the bill? ect on the Saguenay River in the Do food no one will den;y, and it is going to Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. I may minion of Canada, than to power proj get mighty keen before .this emergency say to the gentleman that that is ob- · ects in the United States. I have intro is over. Already we are told that there vious. The War Production Board has duced -a resolution in this Congress seek are many places where the farmers are lifted the stoppages on this particular ing to have the transactions making that, flooded out. project. A representative of the War development possible, and similar trans Along the main stem of the Missouri Production Board appeared before our actions investigated. House Resolution River from Fort Peck to Kansas City committee and urged that this item be 212, to investigate the supplying of equip over 800,000 acres have been flooded out. included. It was stated that they were ment and facilities for furnishing elec The number of acres would run into giving very serious consideration to other tric power and energy for war purposes, millions if we take into account" the items. We are hopeful that the stop is now pending before the Committee on flooded acres along the tributaries which orders will be canceled r gainst many of Rules. flow into the Missouri River. the other projects. · WE UNDERWROTE SHIPSHAW In other places they are being frozen Mr. SMITH of Ohio. So the War Pro Let nie give you briefly the history of out by late frost and snows. In mY own duction Board is granting priorities in this Shipshaw scandal. The whole State my understanding is that 45 per this pa!ticular case? thing was kept very secret until this cent of the fall wheat crop has been al Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. That is year, approximately 2 years after the ready destroyed. It is impossible to pre correct. first agreements were entered into be- · dict just what is going to happen. Mr. CURTIS. Mr. Chairman, will the tween Metals Reserve Company of the Mr. FITZPATRICK. Mr. Chairman, gentleman yielc;l? United States and the Aluminum Co. of ·wm the gentleman yield? Mr. O'CONNOR. I yield to the gen Canada, Ltd. The New York Times on Mr. O'CONNOR. I yield to the gen tlellan from Nebraska. January 31 gave the first public intima tleman from New York. . Mr. CURTIS. May I ask the sub tion that the United States Government Mr. FITZPATRICK. Did the gentle committee if it investigated priorities was financing a branch of the Aluminum man take up any of those projects with and releases of material now being made Trust in Canada. I quote from the New the War Production Board? by the War Production Board to build York Times: Mr. O'CONNOR. I did, and I could reclamation projects in South America Not the least amazing thing about it is not get any priority either, so I am not and Africa, at a time when they deny that it is already paid for. The $65,900 000 blaming the committee. But I am them in this country? cost of the new plant was financed by tbe • 4710 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 20 Aluminum Co. of Canada out of contracts from the United States. The War Pro Mr. COFFEE. That is correct. Con for sales of aluminum to Britain and to the duction Board has admitted that shafts struction was allowed to go on under United States, which were in some measure and certain other items were sent to low priorities on facilities for fish pro ·paid for in advance so as to encourage this enormous new power development so essen Shipshaw. Power projects in this coun tection and that sort of thing. The tial to war. try vitally needed the same materials. generating units I've mentioned were not It is claimed that most of the fabrication allowed to go to completion, however. NO INTEREST ASKED ON LOAN TO CANADIAN PLANT for Shipshaw was done in Canada by Mr. ANGELL. Mr. Chairman, will the By a series of four contracts, two in Canadian firms. It develops, however, gentleman yield? 1941, two in 1942, Metals Reserve Com that those Canadian firms are Canadian Mr' COFFEE. Yes. pany of the United States, a subsidiary subsidiaries of American firms-Cana Mr. ANGELL. And is the Grand Cou of the Reconstruction Finance Corpora dian General Electric, Canadian West lee project not one of them also? tion, advanced $68,500,000 to the Alumi inghouse, Canadian Allis-Chalmers, and GRAND COULEE HELD UP num Co. of Canada, Ltd. That money so forth. I have reason to believe that Mr. COFFEE. Yes. Construction of was an advance payment on 1,370,000,000 these Canadian· plants are not capable generating units 7, 8, and 9 was stopped. pounds of aluminum to be delivered by of building the large fabrications re- At Grand Coulee, a dam and a power the end of 1945. The first two contracts . quired for this huge project. How much house are already built to hold these provided for interest to be paid on the material was fabricated here in Ameri three new generating units. Their con advance until it was amortized by the can plants and merely distributed struction has been authorized by Cong delivery of aluminum. That is the usual throug_!l the Canadian subsidiaries? ress, and shafts for two units wer~ nearly procedure. The 1942 contracts, however, POWER PROJECTS HERE WERE STOPPED WHILE completed when their construction was provided that, not only would no interest THIS GREAT CANADIAN ENTERPRISE WAS GIVEN stopp~d last year. Eacl;l unit had a be paid on additional advances provided ALL HELP rated capacity of 108,000 kilowatts. All for therein, but that interest already While we were helping build Shipshaw, existing capacity is now being used and paid on the first advances would be. re the erection of power projects in the new loads are being located in the area. turned. In other words, the end result United States was' being stopped by War SHIPSHAW ADVANCES WHILE GRAND COULEE IS was that $68,500,000 was advanced the Production Board, which denied priori ORDERED TO STAND STILL Aluminum Co. of Canada, Ltd., without ties sufficient to enable them to go into interest at all. I have the names of the companies, the oper market and secure the material where generator shafts were being man SHIPSHAW A SECRET UNTIL RECENTLY with which to carry on. I have here a ufactured for Grand Coulee, before the In October 1941 construction began on f description of many of the projects in order went out to take them out of pro the Shipshaw power development in the United States against which the duction. Shafts for Grand Coulee Units Canada. As I have pointed out, it was Board issued stop orders. 7 and 8 were taken out of the produc kept very secret until recently. The Mr. OUTLAND. Mr. Chairman, will tion schedules of the Mesta Machine project will have cost $65,900,000 when it the gentleman yield? Co., Pittsburgh, Pa., after some work had is cQmpleted in November of this year. "VVr. COFFEE. Yes. been done on them. Why were they re In other words, our advance payment Mr. OUTLAND. Was not one of the moved from the production schedules of - completely covered the cost. of that power projects stopped the Central Valley one of the few machine shops in the development. project? country capable of handling such large WHY CODDLE THE ALUMINUM TRUST? CALIFORNIA POWER PROJECTS AFFECTED shafts? Presumably because of a short ADVERSELY The Aluminum-Co. of Canada, Ltd., is age of critical materials. Yet a letter controlled by exactly the same interests Mr. COFFEE. Yes. And the need for from Hon. Donald M. Nelson, chairman as control the Aluminum Co. of America. power in that area is particularly acute. of the War Production Board, answering They are both part of the international because of the fuel-oil shortage. At Kes some questions I asked him, admits that Aluminum Trust, with I. G. Farbenin wick Dam, three 25,000 kilowatt units shafts 'for generators and turbines at dustrie of Germany. The Canadian were cut out by W. P. B. stop order. At Shipshaw were put in the production branch was established in 1928 by the Shasta Dam, unit No. 5, with 75,000 kilo schedules of Camden Forge Co. and the American company as "Aluminium, Ltd.'' watt plann.ed capacity, was also stopped. Midvale Co. in the United States. to develop certain properties of the Alu These units, if they were all allo~ed to go Power engineers say that shafts are minum Co. of America. The-Aluminum to completion:· would replace annually the bottleneck in power plant construc Co. of Canada is a wholly owned subsidi about 2,000,000 barrels of fuel oil now tion. Every shaft sent to the Shipshaw ary of Aluminium. Ltd. May I quote being used to run steam-generating project, owned by the Aluminum Trust, from page 2725 of the Canadian House of plants. There is a tight oil situation in meant one less shaft for badly needed Commons debate of May 14, 1943,·on this that area now, which development of projects in this country, Government matter: hydro power projects would greatly re owned, and privately owned. lieve. When the major emphasis of this Not only were production schedules The Canadian company obviously was or war shifts to the Pacific, as it must if ganized originally as a separate corporation shifted around, but priorities higher to escape the United States antitrust laws in we are ever to defeat Japan, the situa than those for power projects in this order that this company might be able to tion will be a great deal tighter. As a country were given to materials to go to play its r>art in thP. International cartel, whose matter of fact, it has been suggested that Shipshaw. Mr. Nelson, in his letter to agreements restricted production in the dem with increased demand for oil for fight me, says this "was part of the uprating ocratic countries and allowed Germany ing craft in the Pacific, it may be neces to AA-1 of the entire aluminum pro greatly to expand her aluminum production sary to shut down war production plants before the war. gram." Why were materials meant for· in California now' using oil. . this power project in Canada considered A HIGHLY DUBIOUS POLICY Yet construction of these hydro plants more a part of the aluminum program The United States has financed, in in California was stopped while con- · than materials going to power projects terest free, a power project for this inter struction of the Shipshaw project in in this country, equally vital to alumi national cartel, which will enable it to Canada went on. num production? These California plants were not to be produce aluminum in such quantities GRADES IN PRIORITIES and at such a low price as completely to used for power ~lone. If completed, they prevent light-metals production in com would have enabled supplemental irriga Nelson's letter belittles the amount of petition anywhere in thE' world: tion water tp be furnished to 2,000,000 materials given high ratings and sent acres of land. That land is not now to Shipshaw. As a matter of fact, at WE SUPPLIED CRITICAL MATERIALS AS WELL AS growing food at top capacity. , the time that the blanket priority for MONEY Mr. CARTER. Mr. Chairman, will the the ·power program was AA-3, men with The financing of this project by an gentleman yield? in the Power Branch of the War Produc American agency is a disgrace in itself. Mr. COFFEE. Yes. tion Board itself expressed great concern That is, however, by no means the end Mr. CARTER. I call attention to the for the completion of the scheduled of the story. Materials for the construc fact that that stop order was only par projects on time, if the policy of giving tion of this Canadian project were sent tially issued. higher priorities to certain projects were 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE, 4711 continued and allowed to interfere with What I say here I do not want to be firm, I. G. Farben IrAdustrie, to keep the regular production schedules. All assur construed in an:r sense as reflecting upon price of magnesium artificially high bY ances given to the President and to the our good ally, one of the United Nations, restricting production. Magnesium is a Secretary t>f War, and others, as to the the Dominion of Canada. There have lighter metal than aluminum. The two adequacy of our war power supply, were been heated discussion's in the Canadian metals together make a very strong alloy based on the assumption that all projects Parliament on Thursday and Friday of used in the construction of airplanes. scheduled for completion would be com last week, on this same matter. The Aluminum Co. cif America (.Alcoa) and pleted on time. Uprating of particular matter has been discussed in the Cana these ·other companies conspired to pre units was interfering with the schedules. dian press. The Canadians are not sold vent the proper development of our light It would seem that not only did mate on this deal any more than we are. metals program. rials go to Shipshaw, but the uprating They do not like the war emergency to As I have pointed out, the Aluminum of Shipshaw construction in this country be used as an excuse for giving the Co. of America and the Aluminum Co. of interfered directly with our own war international aluminum trust a power Canada are controlled by the same inter power program. project that will enable it to control the ests. They are the two biggest branches STOPPAGE OF GRAND COULEE CONSTRUCTION HAS aluminum market after this war. of the International Aluminum Trust. Is GREATLY INTERFERED WITH OUR WAR POWER CANADIAN MEMBER OF PARLIAMENT DENOUNCES thiS most recent transaction another big PROGRAM SmPSH~W FINANCING METHODS step toward complete monopolization of Mr. ANGELL. And is it not a fact Let me quote from a speech the Hon the light metals market of the world? also that they are in need of additional orable M. J. Coldwell, M.P., made in the That is exactly what it is. power in that area-l mean the Pacific Canadian House of Commons on May 14. CANADIANS WAKING UP TO THE IMPLICATIONS OF Northwest-where 30 percent of the This will indicate how Canadians feel SHIPSHAW aluminum will be manufactured? abo1:1t this project: I should like to discuss the way the Mr. COFFEE. The gentleman is ab On March 23 the Minister of Munitions Canadian Government has been taken in solutely correct. As a matter of fact, and Supply said that in the dim and dis on this deal. That is, of course, a matter the situation is too tight right now, that tant future- the Aluminum Co. may obtain · for the Canadian Government to investi with a dry year, war plants may have some benefit from the Shipshaw develop gate, if it sees fit,· but I think it should to cut down. ment and there may be some post-war value in it for them. I say that these powerful be brought up here just to emphasize the DAVIS PROJECT DISCRDMaNATED AGAINST aluminum interests have obtained in effect fact that the investigation I am urging Mr. MURDOCK. Can the gentleman the greatest power resources at present avail is not, by any stretch of the imagination, say whether the ,Davis project in Colo able in the world, virtually as a gift; and meant as a refiection on our good neigh rado was also one of those against which thus they can, if they will, effectively block, bor and ally, Canada. As a matter of , a stop order was issued? . in Ontario and New York State and eastern fact, you will :find that some gentlemen Mr. COFFEE .. Yes. I have a complete North America as well, any government in the Canadian House of Commons have owned public power development because already indicated a desire to have this break-down of the whole proposition. their plant will be paid for during the war, Davis Dam, which would have an .initial and any plant which the Province of On whole thing investigated from their side installation of 180,000 kilowatts which tario or the government of New York State, of the border. would have augmented the supply of or the Government of Canada or that of I think I may conclusively demonstrate power in southern California, southern the United States, Ol' both, may wish to build, the benefits the aluminum trust has Nevada, and Arizona, where large war will have to be paid for over a period of years. gained in agreements with the Canadian plants are located, was not allowed to go Not only that, but they will be able, through Government, by quoting rather exten to completion. Congress had appro the cheapne~ of power, to control the price sively from remarks by Hon. M. J. Cold of aluminulll almost everywhere on earth, well, whom I have quoted before: priated $8,000,000 for construction which and when we realize that we are entering was proceeding under low priorities. By upon an age of light metals and that they It is to this giant corporation that the a stop order, the project was abandoned have entered into the field of magnesium governments concerned have given or ad· anct must, in the future, start from production as well, we can understand how vanced hundreds of millions of dollars to scratch. Yet, as I have pointed out, ma dangerous a monopoly we are building up enable them to build a huge plant at Ship terials, time, and manpower went into by our public funds and war activities in shaw and to expand their aluminum monop this country. oly. How was this huge expansion financed? the construction of shafts and forgings This is where we enter more directly into for Shipshaw in Canada. I wish I had time to go into all the the provisions of the bill we are now discuss OTHER AMERICAN ENTERPRISES DENIED PRIORITIES details with reference to this project. I ing. Part of Canada's contribution, although I could enumerate many more projects have spent considerable time in attempt not all, is coveretl by P. C. 11745, whic}J pro ing to ferret out all the facts. vides for a special write-off or accelerated that have been stopped while construc depreciation of $154,500,000 • • •. I have tion of Shipshaw went on. Work on the Mr. CARLSON of Kansas. Will the the prospectus of the company, and it has the Colorado-Big Thompson project on the gentleman yield? following to say about Canada's contribution: Continental Divide has been stopped. Mr. COFFEE. I yield. "Normally such capital expenditures for The power plants originally to ~e built Mr. CARLSON of Kansas. I want to plant additions are written off for tax pur would have generated a total of 103,000 compliment the gentleman. for calling poses over a period of years. In order to give kilowatts. Work on the third generat this to the attention of the House, and effect to the fundamental basis of the con ing unit of Douglas Dam and the third remind him that when we passed the re tracts, permission has been granted the com generating unit at Cherokee Dam, both pany to amortize these capital expenditures ciprocal trade agreements we placed an by a special deduction from income at a stip· in east Tennessee-part of the T.V. A. amendment in that bill this year urging ulated rate per pound of all aluminum deliv· was stopped in December of last year. the President to take cognizance of these ered, • • • the effect being to amortize Each unit would have had 30,000 kilo cartel arrangements which threaten the estimated cost of the additional alumi watts capacity. every business interest in our Nation. num producing facilities and 60 percent of the Smaller power projects all over the It is time that our Nation stopped and estimated cost of the additional power facili country, serving Army camps, or small considered what is happening to it under ties by the time all deliveries have been made communities, or rural electric coopera these cartel arrangements . under the war contracts." . tives, have not been allowed to go to INTERNATIONAL CARTELS ARE INDEFENSIBLE A GREAT CANADIA~ STATESMAN FEARLESSLY completion. Some of them lack only EXPOSES SLIMY RECORD OF SHIPSHAW small amounts of steel or fabrications. Mr. COFFEE. I thank the gentleman These are mentioned because they are for bringing up this matter of cartel ar Mr. Coldwell then goes on to discuss pertinent to the Interior Department' rangements. It is part of this whole sit some other projects of thi~ company, appropriation bill, because the subcom uation I am bringing to your attention Aluminum Co. of Canada, costs of wh1ch mittee manifested an interest in the fact today. In January of 1941 a Federal have been written off by accelerated de that we have for some peculiar reason grand jury brought in indictments preciation. He concludes: sent materials, under high priorities, to against the Aluminum Co. of America It seems to me therefore that the total 1s this project in Canada while our own and several other companies for con not $154,500,000, as we were told in the house projects are bel ng cut out. spiring and combining with the German this year, but nearer to $175,000,000. • j' 4712 CONGRES~IONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 20 A STRANGE OFFERING OF ALUMINUM TRUST realize that nearly 40 percent of all the the vigor with which, as a new Member, SECURITIES water power is to be found in the State he is representing his district. But I The prospectus· from which Mr. Cold of Washington. We have there, when we also call attention to the fact that the well quotes is the prospectus of the shall have fully developed all the water Columbia River is not enti'l'ely in the Aluminum Co. of Canada, Ltd., published power possible in the State of Washing State of Washington. It is the boundary in conjunction with the issuance of $15,- ton, nearly 50,000,000 horsepower. I line between Oregon and ·washington, 000,000 preferred stock. Mr. Coldwell mention this for only one reason. When and the great Bonneville project, a por discusses this stock issue: we speak of developing our water power tion of which lies in my district, is in the Why are the preference shares being offered as a national resource; when we speak State of Oregon. I kngw the gentleman now for the first time in the company's his of our national investments in water agrees with that. tory? . • * • I am advised by people who power; when we speak of that invest Mr. HORAN. I want to assure my have made inquiries that; if one wants to get ment as an obligation against our na able friend, the gentleman from Oregon, preferred shares the limit is 25 shares. Why? .tional integri11y, let us remember that that the things I said in behalf {>f the Because they want to give the small ip.vestor to liquidate that obligation will require people of Washington I would certainly a chance to get in first, they say. In my the sweat and purpose of the people who not deny to the people he represents. opinion what they really wish to do is to spread some of the preferred shares over the will live near our rivers, those who use We can work together out there, I assure country in orde-r that there will be public that water power to create useful things him. opinion favorable to the aluminum company. for the rest of the Nation. Specifically, Mr. ANGELL. Mr. Chairman, if the That is a trick of utility corporations every in the case of the Columbia River, it will gentleman will yield, he will, of course, where. be paid for through the service that the realize that Washington was originally I might pq,int out that th~ prospectus people whom I now represent can render part of the Oregon country. mentioned above, says, on the front to the rest of the Nation. We should not The CHAIRMAN. The time of the cover: forget that. In any bill, such as the able gentleman from Washington has ex gentleman from Illinois [Mr. DIRKSEN], This prospectus is not, and under no cir pired. cumstances is to be, construed as, an offer- · has introduced today, which would allow Mr. CURTIS. Mr. Chairman, I move ing of any of this issue for sale in the United Federal jurisdiction over that vast to strike out the last word and ask States of America or the territories or pos amount of water power, out there along unanimous consent to revise and extend sessions thereof, or an offering to any resi the Columbia and elsewhere in the Na my own remarks. dent thereof or a solicitation therein of an tion, we should not lose sight of the fact The CHAIRMAN. Without objection, offer to buy any of this issue. that those people ~auld be allowed wide it is so ordered. That is very 'clear is it not? Why does latitude in the use of that water power There was no objection. the company not want shares sold in the through the trying years, the lean as Mr. CURTIS. Mr. Chairman, when United States? Because then the com well as the fat. Their voice should be I asked this·· question about irrigation pany would come under the prying eyes dominant in matters of policy. Their projects in foreign lands I was not aware of the Securities and Exchange Commis continuous industry demands it. Their of the facts about the Shipshaw project. sion of the United States. It evidently continuous industry spells part of our It, of course, will have to stand or fall does not want that. · security. . on whatever the facts are. It is alleged ·I also want to compliment this com that the United States is now supplying WHY SHOULD UNCLE SAM FINANCE THE mittee' for calling attention to the dis ALUMINUM- TRUST? materials for irrigation works in .south criminatory act in the matter of the America and Africa. If this is true, it \Ve can see from this little bit of in Shipshaw affair and to call the atten should be stopped so long as our own formation I have given the House this tion of this House to the printed pro projects are held in abeyance. I do not afternoon, some of the ramifications of ceedings of.... the committee, particularly · believe it is a safe proposition to turn this huge advance the United States has pages 486, 487, 488, and 489, as well as the future of reclamation over to the given to the Aluminum Trust. We can the letter to be found on page 539, which War Production Board. I have the see some of its effects upon our war is Jesse Jones' letter to Senator TRUMAN, gr_eatest respect for many of the emi power program now, and on our light who investigated it. It should be inves nent businessmen on the W-o,r Produc metals development program. We can tigated further:' If we want to have tion Board; they are doing a good job; see its probable effects on the light .met healthy international relationships it they have many problems, many things als market after the war. We can see its must be by open covenants openly ar on their minds, but they are not famil effect on any further power development rived at. There is entirely too much iar with the reclamation program. Un in the St. Lawrence region of the United secrecy in what is to be found in these less someone has lived with it and has States. hearings. I want to quote, if I may, some seen reclamation projects work, they do Mr. Chairman, this whole matter thing that the able chairman of your sub not know how vital they are to the econ should be investigated by Congress in the committee, the gentleman from Okla omy of our country. As one Member of interests of effective prosecution of the homa [Mr. JoHNSON], said during these this House, I seriously object to letting war, and in the interests of proper de hearings. He said: the War Production Board write the velopment of the natural resources of Referring to the story that wa3 in the ticket so far as the future development this country when the war is over. paper that morning about the Shipshaw of irrigation is concerned, for the simple · House Resolution 212 provides for the affair, I have just heard about it. Frankly, reason -that the top-notch men down establishment of an investigatory com I was not only amazed, but shocked at the there do not know about irrigation mat mittee to do just this. story. I have known and admired Secretary Jones for many years. I have also admired ters. I realize, of cour~e. that there will The ·cHAIRMAN. The time of the his businesslike methods, as well as his quick have to be restrictions of material, but gentleman has e(Cpired. and definite decisions. I shall, of course, I do say that this splendid subcommittee Mr. HORAN. Mr. Chairman, I move not pass final judgment until I hear his side which has given so many hours of care to strike out the last word. First, I want of the controversy, but the story, to say the ful study and has been fair in its con to compliment this committee for the least, calls for a clear-cut explanation, or sideration· of these matters in times past statesmanlike job they have done in else there must be a thorough investigation should continue to handle this matter. matters of wartime economy concerning of the whole transaction. We should not make our' program of progress very close to my own heart. My colleague the gentleman from appropriations dependent upon the will Secondly, I would like to talk about the Washington [Mr. CoFFEE] has intro of any executive bureau. Personally, I Columbia-River which enters the United duced a resolution calling for such an hope that before this bill is sent to the States in my own State and travels to the investigation. I believe it should be al White House a fe.w changes can be sea. It never leaves the State of Wash lowed to come to the floor of this House made. ington. During that travel it falls hun by the Rules Committee and this matter Mr. CARLSON of Kansas. Mr. Chair dreds of feet, and constitutes, to my at least have some light thrown on it. man, will the gentleman yield? knowledge, today the greatest single Mr. ANGELL. Mr. Chairman, will the Mr. CURTIS. I yield. source of water power in the Western gentleman yield? · Mr. CARLSON of Kansas. The gen Hemisphere. Mr. HORAN. I yield. tleman is familiar with the particular 'When we speak of water power in the Mr. ANGELL. I want to compliment problem that affects the Great Plains United States it might be wise for us to the gentleman for his statement and for States as far as irrigation projects are • I 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4713 concerned. I wonder if he has any year without depleting this resource. were called upon to perform special services thought as to what might be done to give They estimate that there could be safely in order \O provide these agencies with the in formation they needed. We have furnished consideration to this area by way of small taken this year 2,000,000,000 pounds more these agencies regularly and promptly basic projects in view of the decisions of the than was taken last year. They point information upon which many important War Production Board? out that fish and wildlife constitute a re plans, decisions, and orders were based. Mr. CURTIS. Without a doubt the source that costs very little so far as the On July 21, 1942, the President signed studies should go on. There are many Federal Government is concerned and Executive Order 9204 (7 F. R. 5657) desig projects which could be built even dur the only investment of the Federal Gov nating the Secretary .of the Interior as Co ernment for the production of this great ordinator of Fisheries and establishing the ing wartime and which should be built. office of the Coordinator of Fisheries. The Chester Davis has_made · the statement natural resource is the funds provided to primary duty of this office originally was to that if we produced all the food possible the Fish and Wildlife Service. Last year coordinate the plans, policies, and programs through using every avenue of produc hunters alone during the open season of Federal and State agencies, and the com tion we still would not have enough to· took about 255,000,000 pounds of meat mercial fishing industry in the interest of meet the demands being made on this from game birds and game animals. Dr. maintaining an adequate fishery production country. A certain amount of construc Gabrielson points out that during the program. At the outset we found that 21 tion should go on as a part of--the war last 5 years his department has been · different Federal agencies were carrying on program, but by all means a full pro able to take more than 50,000,000 pounds work or issuing orders that affected the fish ing industry. Through work with a li~ison gram of studies and investigations for of salmon per year out of the Alaskan committee composed of representatives of post-war irrigation projects should be waters than each of the first 5 years after each of the 21 agencies, and our continuous carried on. the passing of the 1924 act, known as insistence and efforts to insure that the fish The gentleman is interested in the same the White Act, establishing a system of eries be recognized as an important, essential, valley I am, the Republican River and regulations of the commercial fisheries and indispensable food producing industry, we its tributaries. These projects should be of Alaska. With rationing and the ex now have overcome many formerly trouble treme shortage of meat we should not some problems and cleared away some con advanced, for they will make a great con fusing issues and uncertainties. Some ex tribution to the war effort. I want all curtail this supply of fish and wild game. amples of the type of work we have been doing parts of that great valley to -have the In March of this year I asked Dr. will show the diverse nature of our activities: benefits of flood control and irrigation. Gabrielson to give me a short report on Upon the outbreak of war the Navy, The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gen the activities of his department and re Army, and the Coast Guard began at once tleman from Nebraska has expired. ceived in :reply the following letter, which to purchase, requisition, or charter fishing vessels both along our coasts and in Alaska. Mr. ANGELL. Mr. Chairman, I rise I include as a part of my remarks: The fleets were reduced so greatly that pro in opposition to the pro forma amend UNITED STATES duction of fishery products declined. By ment. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, constant effort we have finally effected an Mr. Chairman, I am sure that this FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, arrangement whereby the armed se:z:vices may subcommittee has been diligent and has Washington, March 20, 1943 not take over any fishing vessel without the been motivated in its activities in pre- Hon. HoMER D. AN 4714 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE l\1AY 20 the Department of the Interior. The Secre able time are always coincident with organi pUshed splendid result s in the field of wild tary of Agriculture also recognized that ut111- zational transfers and revisions. life conservation and restoration by fur zation of these facilities instead of setting up Sincerely yours, nishing information and advice on how State units a.nd personnel in his own Department IRA N. GABRIELSON, wildlife resources can be inci:eased and more for the purpose of administering the fishery Director. effectively administered. program would result in greater efficiency and Wildlife populations are not static and economy of funds and personnel. Arrange Mr. Chairman, I express the hope that certain species of game birds and mammals, ments have been perfected so that the Office of the Senate will restore the appropriation such as ring-necked pheasants and cotton ' the Coordinator of Fisheries, handling pro requested and ·approved by the Bureau of tail rabbits, which have high reproduction ductio~ and processing, works closely and in the Budget and that our conferees will potentialities, under favorable conditions complete harmony with the Food Distribu support the restorations when the matter can quickly produce populations that are tion Administration of the Department of is returned to the conference committee. capable of assuming pest proportions if they Agriculture which is responsible for distribu are not held in check. Likewise big game tion of fishery products and purchases for The commit~ee has seen fit also, Mr. ranges must be investigated annually and Government requirements. Chairman, to reduce the allowance for their populations inventoried 1!o ascertain We have worked out a program designed to Federal aid in wildlife restoration. This .whether hunting pressure must be increased increase production with a view toward meet- activity is under the provisions of the or decreased in order to instlre sound utiliza· -ing the requirements stipulated by the Food · Robertson-Pittman Act. In 1943 there . ti~n of available ranges and the wildlife in Distri!Jution Administration for the coming was an appropriation of $1,250,000. The habiting them. Through the assembling of yeat:. At the present time prospects for large Budget estimate for 1944 is·a like amount. factual information by trained workers and increases in production are not too good be The funds from which this .appropriation the translation of that information into ap cause of the shortage of boats and man propriate seasons and bag limits, perpetua power. Unless these shortages are alleviated is paid are provided by a special tax paid tion of the Nation's wildlife resources is as· production may fall as much as 2,000,000 by sportsmen under the provisions of the sured, along with assurance that maximum pounds below the fish requirements for Robertson-Pittman Act. There is at the utilization is obtained. 1943 desired by the Army, Navy, Office of present time over $9,000,000 in this fund. Outside of birds classed as migratory, in Lend-Lease Administration, other Federal It is in the nature of a trust fund. Dr. treaties with Canada and Mexico, the States agencies, and the civilian population. There Gabrielson testified with respect to it are responsible for the management of the are plenty of fish available and new sources hearings, page 706, as follows: ' Nation's wildlife. In normal times the pur • have been explored successfully for producing suit of wildlife is most importan,t in provid substitute processed fishery products to com That fund, as you know, comes from r. spe~ ing healthful outdoor recreation for more pensate somewhat for the great demands for cial tax on sporting arms and ammunition, than 10,000,000 licensed and unlicensed such items as canned salmon, canned sardines, · the collections from. which are set aside in hunters. While the recreational benefits are, and salted codfish that are in short supply. the. Treasury by act of Congress in a special paramount even fn times of war, wildlife does · -on March 1 and 2, at the invitation of Sec fund known ,as the Federal -aid to wildlife provide a very useful supplemental supply retary Ickes, 17 representatives of the fishing. restoration fund. A great many of the States · of highly nutritious meat. During the last industry, labor, and consumers, met with our have built up programs based on that act, for hunting season more than one-quarter bil staff in washington to discuss industry's prob land purchase, and various other things that lion pounds of usable meat was harvested by lems, devise means of solving them, and to they are doing, so it would be very difficult the Nation's sportsmen. This is a solid con develop a practical production program for for them if appropriaticms were suddenly dis continued. tribution to t:l;le present inadequate m:eat 1943-45. 1The meeting served to ""ocus atten supply of the Nation. The appropriation has been cut very mate tion upon many important problems, facili In the Southeast particularly, and to a tated exchange of information, and has led rially, from $2,750,000 for fiscal year 1942 down to $1,250,000 for the current fiscal year, largely considerable extent elsewhere, the State game to the development of methods of offering to departments, through this program are co the industry direct assistance· in meeting because the States could not continue some of the previously planned development work; operating with organized Soil Conservation their problems. To accomplish the latter ob Service districts in providing supplies of seed jective, the country has been divided into 11 but they are anxious to keep enough of. this fund so that they can keep up their commit of perennial legumes, particularly for strip principal areas and a man with the best plantings adjacent to woodlands. Farmers overall knowledge ~nd widest experience has ments on land acquisition and keep their been placed in cha'tge of each area to serve key personnel now employed on essential thereby are not obliged to plow to the ~dge wildlife management fact-finding work. of the woods and cultivate land that is as area coordinator. Local represe~tatives not productive, due to the shading and will be stationed in the major fishing ports, Under the provisions of this law the leeching action of bordering trees. . These under the supervision of the area coord~nator, and local industry _committees will be ap State matches funds provided by the wildlife strips provide food and cover for pointed soon in order that the local repre Government, and, as Dr. Gabrielson farmland wildlife but most important to the sentatives and the area coordinator may bring testified, they have built up programs farmer, they insure permanent cover on a into their work the benefits, advice, and col strip of nonproductive land, which has had based on a continuing policy with the to be cultivateq. heretofore to prevent the laboration in solving the industry's problems. expectation of receiving their proportion The local committees will be especially help encroachment of woodlands. Through such of these fimds. cultivation in the past, serious soil erosion ful · in devising means of utilizing e~isting facilities, equipment, and manpower to better It is not only unfair to the sportsmen has frequently· resulted. In Virginia last advantage, and in some instances short-cut who have contributed the' funds, but to year seed distributed to the farmers per methods of increasing production undoubted- the States which have been induced to mitted t~e establishment of field border ly may be devised. • provide projects under the act, and they strips 1 rod wide for a distance of 300 miles. For the first time we have the authority to will suffer great loss if the appropriations As the result of studies carried on under set up and operate an effective fishery pro this program, the Missouri Conservation are cut off and they are not allowed to Commission last year inaugurated a farm gram The production program which has proceed with their programs. been outlined is constructive and is designed pond construction program. Thereby more to effect healthy developments in the indus I include as a part of my remarks the than 650 demonstration farm ponds were try and substantial increases in yield. We . following excerpts from the testimony constructed and as a result of that demon are working on a 3-year program rather than and a statement presented by Dr. Ga stration it is reported that 4,500 of these one a program for the present year only, inasmuch brielson which appears in the hearings, half, to 2-acre ponds were constructed by as food will be a badly needed item until long page 707: farmers last year. Through the fencing of after the war. We shall have to supply food these ponds with a margin of land around to the war-torn countries until they have had FEDERAL AID IN WILDLIFE RESTORATION them, wildlife seed stock refuges have been time to reestablish their own ·agriculture, When this Federal aid in Wildlife restora established. Through... this work the farmers cattle raising, dairy industries, and fishing tion program started functioning all}J.ost 5 are assured of ·a dependable water supply enterprises. · years ago, the · majority of the States were for livestock and cqlinary use during drougfit The cooperative arrangement between the badly in need of factual information on how periods and in adition, through stocking the Department of the Interior and the Depart best to manage their wildlife. This undesir pouds with fish, a supplemental food supply ment of Agriculture for handling the fishery able condition stemmed from the fact that of a high protein value is being produced. war program, referred to above, is function funds were not available to enable them to Encouraged by Missouri's successful efforts, ing efficiently. All of the most able men in procure such information. With funds that Ohio has undertaken like work under it& Fed both departments are hard at work and have been made available, the cooperators eral-aid program. things are moving satisfactorily as never be have stressed wildlife management fact-find A number of States are engaged on fur tore. There appears to be no justification for ing. The program has been hig):lly success management studies designed to increase re disturbing the existing arrangements at the ful and much of the success has come from turns from this natural resource which an present time, especially since serious inter the technically trained men employed as nually provides around $50,000,000 in raw ruptions in important work and loss of valu- project lea~rs. These men have accom- · pelts. Surveys and investigations are being 1943 CO~GRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4715 conducted to determine methods of improv wildlife, a product of the soil, the supply of .committee bill to allow the increase in ing environments of fur. animals. to find ways which in normal times is never equal to the the public debt with the special amend to trap and prepare the skins for the ~rket demand of those who desire to participate in ment attached to it preventing the Exec· so that better utilization will be made of its taking. fur bearers, and to trap and distribute fur Mr. JoHNSON of Oklahoma. This is an item utive Department of our Government animals to suitable but vacant areas. For that does not reflect in the Budget esti from placing a $25,000 limit on salaries. example, Louisiana, which annually harvests mate. What would happen if we cut this The reason given for the amendment was around 6,000,000 muskiats, is conducting half in two? That proposal has been made· that the Executive had exceeded his au studies on its extensive coastal marshes to seriously, and I would like to know what thority, and this assumption of power determine how the productivity of those objection there is to it. was corrected by the amendment. This marshes can be increased. Dr. GABIUELSON. You will notice that it has amendment had majority sRQnsorship, as A number of the States, especially in the been cut very drastically from a $2,750,000 appropriation in 1942. This really should well as majority and minority support. West have undertaken the live trapping and I transplanting of beaver. These animals sta not show in our appropriatton either, be Secondly, wish to call your attention bilize stream flow, impound water, improve cause we do not get this money; we just dis to the following section of the same Price environmental conditions for wildlife, and in tribute it to the States. We get a S)llall por Control Act-paragraph (h) of section 2 addition are real assets to the livestock in tion of whatever is appropriated for the ad of the Emergency Price Control Act (Pub- dustry in providing dependable water sup ministration of the act, but not to exceed -lic Law No. 421) : plies in areas which otherwise could not be 8 percent of the appropriation for admin istration. The powers granted 1n this section shall used for the summer graztng of livestock. not be used or made to operate to compel Idaho, through this program has trapped and TAX ON SPORTING AIU\(S AND AMMUNITION changes in the business practices or methods, transplanted more than 3,700 beaver, most This money 1s collected through a special or means or aids to distribution, estab- of which have been placed on lands admin tax on sporting arms and ammunition. It . lished in any industry, except to prevent istered by the United States Forest Service was imposed for the purpose of carrying out circumvention or evasion of any regulation, and the Grazing Service. Those two services the provisions of this act. It comes out order, price schedule, or requirement under have requested the planting of these valuable of a special tax which a special group of peo this act. fur bearers in selected locations with the ple pay. The money is distributed to the view of expanding grazing opportunities for State game departments under a formula set If there is a Member of this House range livestock. up by Congress. . who believes that this section of the Price Many of the participating States have em The work under this appropriation ·is car Control Act has been followed by the phasized the acquisition of lands for wildlife ried on in the various States. 0. P. A., I wish to yield ·to him to so use. In the West, particularly, lands have state at this time. Everyone knows that been -acquired in order to provide a badly I trust, Mr. Chairman, that the Sen needed balance between summer range and ate will restore this item as recommended the 0. P. A. has disregarded, not only the winter range for deer and elk. Lands of no by the Budget so that this useful service spirit of this law but the word of the law value to agriculture have been purchased for and wildlife restoration may go for as well. We have seen hundreds of small waterfowl usage by a number of the States in ward and by so doing help in the win· businesses hampered, hamstrung, and, in order that the waterfowl population, which ning of the war, and that our conferees fact, put out of business. The small . has been greatly increased through sound will agree thereto when it goes to con packing plants and the canneries of our m~nagement in recent years, may be spread ference. country are two good examples of what out and harvested more effectively by the 0. Nation's sportsmen. During the fiscal year, Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous con· the P. A. has done to prevent the or· which ende'd June 30 last, the 46 participat sent to revise and extend my own re- derly marketing of food products and to ing States had 301 projects approved. Of the marks at this point. · prevent the. ma;ximum food pack for this money obligated thereby, 41 percent was for The CHAIRMAN. Without objection season. the acquisition of land, 30 percent was for it is so ordered. This 0. P. A. outfit, since its inception, wildlife restoration development activities, There was no objection. has seemed to be more interested in mak 24 percent was for wildlife. management re By unanimous consent, the pro forma ing America over than in making Amer search and 5 percent was for wildlife man amendments were withdrawn. ica strong. They now seem more inter agement coordination. Mr. MURRAY of Wisconsin. Mr. ested in putting through their particular With the decrease in the appropriation from $2,750,000 for the fiscal year 1942 to Chairman, I move to strike out the last schemes than they are in providing for $1,250,000 for the current fiscal year, together word. maximum food production in 1943. The with the war and the impossi"~ility of obtain Mr. Chairman, I listened with in question resolves itself around to this ing materials for construction work, the 47 terest today, as I do whenever we have an point. If the Congress was justified in participating States are stressing wildlife appropriation bill before us. It seems correcting the Price Control Act so that management investigations more than has to me that we have reached the state of the executive department could not place heretofore been the case. Their object is to mind in regard to these appropriation a $25,000 ceiling on the salaries of a assemble facts for translation into action to bills that many seem to think all we insure that the maximum wildlife popula limited number of people in the higher tions may be harvested without impairing have need to do is to appropriate enough income bliackets, why has it not by cor the basic resource and concurre tly to insti . money and we can produce all the food rective legislation action clarified the tute measures to make certain that wildlife we can possibly need. We are in a much provisions of this same Price Control Act populations are maintained at maximum more embarrassing position as far as so that this 0. P. A. outfit will not con levels consistent with prudent management food is concerned than most people tinue to ruin one small business after so that they will be able to bear the greatly realize. another? There surely was no more as increased hunting pressure that can be antic Today I received the report showing sumption of power by the executive ipated after the war is over. Estimates as to the downward trend, as. far as butter is increased pressure are predicted on the so branch in regard to the $25,000 salary percent increase in hunting licenses sales concerned. Butter production is more limitation than there has been by the immediately following the termination of than 7 percent below 1 year ago. Day machinations of this 0. P. A. outfit. World War No. 1, notwithstanding that dur before yesterday I had the weekly re· What is fair for one group is fair for the ing that war more hunting licenses were port on cheese. Cheese is 24 percent be· other. sold progressively from 1916 through 1918. low last year's production. We sit here We have had enough committees, we - The recommended appropriation of $1,- appropriating money but at· the same have had enough hearings-but where 250,000 for carrying on this cooperative wild time we let these agencies for whom we are the legislative proposals to do any- life restoration program in which the State also appropriate money run hog-wild and game departments participate to-"'the extent thing about it? ' of 25 percent of project costs will enable the some of these agencies are doing more We passed the Wolcott amendment to several State game departments to carry for harm to food production than all the protect all our citizens from the 0. P. A. ward well conceived long-range wildlife res money we appropriate and our efforts This provision was eliminated by the toration fact-finding and management pro here can remedy. other body. We should not be put in grams on a reduced scale. It will enable them WHY IS THE AVERAGE BUSINESSMAN NOT DESERV• the position of advising our constituents to maintain a nucleus of trained and ex ING OF SIMILAR CONSIDERATION TO THAT AF• that they must continue to sufier from perienced wildlife technicians who will be FORDED OTHER GROUPS? available after the war to counsel and advise the unfair rulings and the assumed State game administrators on the multitude I wish to call the attention of my col powers of the 0. P. A. of problems pressing for solution in connec leagues to two situations. First, I wish Mr. PITTENGER. Will the gentle tion with the management. of the Nation's to remind you of the Ways and Means man yield? 4716 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE . MAY 20 Mr. MURRAY of Wisconsin. I yield Uncle Sam is a great land owner. Two it. That amendment received 5 af to the gentleman from Minnesota. thirds of the area of my State is in the firmative votes, including my own. and · Mr. PITTENGER. I want to pay my public domain, or at least under the con had 82 votes against it. tribute to the gentleman from Wisconsin trol of the Forestry Department, the In My second amendment called for a re as being one of the leading agricultural dian Service, or some such agency. duction of 14 percent and it received 14 experts in the Congress of the United Throughout the entire West a great deal "aye" votes and 76 "no" votes. States. He is one of the most valuable of the public domain has been used for My third amendment called for a re Members of Congress. Now, he does not war training purposes, bombing ranges. duction of the amount requested-that have to· .answer this question, but if he and that sort of thing, having been taken is, $162,000,000 of 5-plus percent and it wishes, he can. I think the Department over by the War or Navy Departments. received 37 affirmative votes and 86 of Agriculture is equally at fault with the I hope that some provision will be negative votes. 0. P. A. in connection with this food made either in the Interior bill or in some Now just a year hence, the Appropria shortage. I think the 0. P. A. has done military appropriation bill for the re tions Committee has brought in this bill more harm than good in its effort to ruin habilitation of those vast areas which which calls for a reduction of 56 percent small business. Does the gentleman have served as a proving ground for of the amount requested in the appropria agree with me, and he may answer or tanks, bombing ranges, and so forth, be tion bill last year. Strange to say, this not. fore they are turned back to us, as we reduction has had the unanimous ap Mr. MURRAY of Wisconsin. I always hope they will eventually be turned back proval of the Appropriations Corr~mittee answer if I have the time. First, I hum to the livestock people for grazing pur and will probably have the unanimous bly thank the gentleman from Minnesota poses and other uses of that kind . . support of tl;le House. What a change of for his kind words. My answer is that Mr. JENSEN. Will the ,gentleman spirit must have come over the Appri)pri the Agriculture Department has had a yield? ations Committee and the Members of lot of criticism that it -should not have Mr. MURDOCK. I yield to the gen this House. It is encouraging, to say the had. We must realize that the Depart tleman from Iowa. least. Now if the Congress can only ment of Agriculture has not been able to Mr. JENSEN. I may say for the REc come to realize the need of making com put through a program that it wants any ORD that· 54.6 percent of all the land in parable savings in other governmental more than you or I can put through the the gentleman's State is owned by the departments it will be truly wonderful. kind of program that you or I may want. Government. How my heart throbbed with joy as I Taking the whole picture into consid Mr. MURDOCK. That is a little less sat here this afternoon listening to the eration, I personally must stand here and than I thought, but it confirms what I gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr. JoHN defend what the Agriculture Depart just said. soN] so vigorously and enthusiastically ment has tried to do, though I know they Mr. JENSEN. On page 227 of the making the same speech, in substance, I have made mistakes. Covering as many hearings, the gentleman will find a table made a year ago-the speech wherein he fields as does the United States Depart showing the percentage of land and the questioned my sincerity. ment of Agriculture, it is not humanly acres owned by the United States Gov · Mr. ROCKWELL." Mr. Chairman, I possible to avoid mistakes. There is one ernment in every State of the Union. move to strike out the last 10 words. thing about the Department of Agricul Mr. MURDOCK. Yes, I notice that; Mr. Chairman, I do not want this bill ture, and that is this-if you have a but the column to which the gentleman to pass without calling attention to one grievance, you can present your griev refers is administered by the Interior more item in it. I shall not offer an ance to them and you get sympathetic Department. However, that confirms amendment today to this bill, but I am consideration of it, but as far as the my statement that Uncle Sam is a great expecting that the Senate will offer an 0. P. A. is concerned, all you get is a landowner, and we hope he will continue amendment and I want to say just a promise. The Agriculture Department to be a good husbandman. It is in such word concerning it. has been most cooperative with me ever appropriation bills as the Department of J On page 96 is what we generally speak since I have been a Member of this the Interior appropriation bill that we of as the Robertson-Pittman Act. For House. They furnish the facts and do look to Uncle Sam to take good care of those who are not familiar with this act not add their interpretations unless his resources and develop them to the I want to say that there is a 10-percent asked to do so. limit. tax on munitions for civilian use which The CHAIRMAN. , The time of the Mr. JENSEN. I may say further that goes into· a ~ fund, which is used for the gentleman has expired. Uncle Sam owns 14.5 percent of all the preservation of wildlife. Up to last year Mr. MURDOCK. Mr. Chairman, I land in the whole of the United States. there was about $2,500,000 a year appro .. move to strike out the last eight words. Mr. MURDOCK. Mr. Chairman, priated out of that fund but last year Mr. Chairman, this is one approp.ria much of that great area is forest land the amount was cut, on account of the tion bill in which I always take much and mineral ground and we are inter war, to $1,250,000. It was hoped that at interest because I come from one of the ested in roads. Especially do we need least an equal amount would be put into great western States which has much access roads to tap the forests and the the bill this year, but the committee de public land and a large proportional in new mines that are being developed and cided to cut it $500,000 from last year's terest in the Interior Department ap more which ought to be developed. appropriation, or a cut to about one propriation bill, with regard to Indian Right now 'we are called on to furnish third the amount provided in normal reservations, reclamation, and the like. more and more critical materials. The times. I expected this cut. We anticipated great Rocky Mpuntain region is the That particularly affects my State of there would have to be a severe cut on treasure chest of America and that is Colorado. In my particular district, in account of war conditions, although it where we need development. just one little section, over 2,000 elk and is a little heavy in spots. I want to add The CHAIRMAN. The time of the deer died this past winter because they my word of commendation of the fine gentleman has expired. lacked proper feed and too much segre work of the committee and I want to Mr. SMITH of Ohio. Mr. Chairman, gation resulting in disease. There was sanction what my friend from Montana I wish to again advert to the subject I over $4,000,000 worth of wild game killed said about the gentleman from Man mentioned this afternoon when the gen in my State last year, and more than hattan who has always been so consid tleman from Ohio [Mr. JoNES] so gra that will probably be killed this year. erate of us in the great open spaces of ciously yielded to me. This is important when our civilians do the West. May I also join with the gen It will be recalled the Interior Depart not have sufficient meat. This section tleman from Utah in what he said earlier ment appropriation bill for 1943 called of the bill should appropriate sufficient today. I feel that the War Production for the amount of $162,000,000. Perhaps money to properly protect this wildlife. Board has stopped work on some mighty some of you will also remember I I mention this item particularly be· important reclamation projects which offered 3 amendments to reduce that cause it does not cost the Treasury any .. would have contributed very powerfully amount. The first called for a reduction thing. The money is already in a fund to the war effort. , of approximately 28 percent. When 1 I which has accumulated to some $10,000,- There is one matter which I did not offered this amendment, the -gentleman 000; it is increasing all the time and f mention to the Subcommittee on Ap from Oklahoma ["~'Ir. JOHNSON] opposed ask the committee, when and if the _ propriations. I shall mention it here. it and questioned my sincerity in offering Senate increases the appropriation to 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4717 somewhere near what it ought · to be, ly more disastrous than the defeat at the end of the journey. So it is with a that they be sympathetic to it. Oahu unless we begin immediately to put financial policy of collecting only one Mr. ANGELL. Mr. Chairman, will the government finances in order. fourth of the cost of this war, while our gentleman yield? I am no alarmist. But I know of no allies are doing 100 percent better on 'this Mr. ROCKWELL. I yield. greater disservice to America than to vital front. Frantic skirmishing on the Mr. ANGELL. It is true, is it not, remain silent about the administration's price-fiXing front cannot conceal the that this is really a trust fund, a fund policy of financial appeasement. Their danger or substitute for action in the provided for the sportsman and is not financial failures parallel with deadly decisive field of taxation. out of the public Treasury; it is money exactness the events leading to Pearl In his message to Congress the Presi that is paid· by the sportsmen, who are Harbor. When China was attacked in dent asked for $16,000,000,000 in new glad to put it up, in order that this very 1937 the President talked about quar taxes for the coming fiscal year. So far fine work may be carried on? antining aggressor nations, but war ex Congress has made no progress on this Mr. ROCKWELL. That is true. ports to Japan increased. After we had task. With all the earnestness at my Mr. ANGELL. For the protection of babied Japan with war materials, what command, I plead with the majority wildlife. happened? The ·strongest fortification leadership of. this House to prepare a Mr. MURDOCK. Mr. Chairman, will in the world, America's bastion of tax program immediately that will raise the gentleman yield? strength that dominated the entire Pa not less than $16,000,000,000. What Mr. ROCK\VELL. I yield. cific, was smashed to pieces in a few should those taxes be? Frankly, as a Mr. MURDOCK. Mr. Chairman, I hours. new Member of this body, I am not a tax want to endorse what the gentleman has Mr. Roosevelt's policy on inflation has expert. But I have some ideas. No said regarding the attitude of sports followed the same pattern that produced political cowardice will keep me from men; I am sure that is quite true all Pearl Harbor. To keep this discussion presenting them in this hour of na through the West, and I know, particu clear, let us define the term "inflation": tional crisis. Let me suggest them brief larly in my State, exactly what the gen inflation is a major decline in the pur ly: first, a Federal sales tax on goods tleman has indicated is correct. The chasing power of the dollar. In 1932 and services, possibly excepting basic sportsmen gladly pay this money into Mr. Roosevelt campaigned with energy food commodities; second, a special Vic this fund, and I think the major propor on the theme that the country was go tory · tax on gasoline and other motor tion of it ought to be expended for the ing into bankruptcy because of the defi fuels and oils, replacit:lg rationing and purposes for which it is collected. cits of those years. Those deficits of black markets; third, additional or new Mr. CASE. Mr. Chairman, will the 1931 and 1932, of which he talked so taxes on tobacco, coffee, chocolate, and gentleman yield? eloquently, were $901,959,080 and $2,- beverages generally; fourth, some in Mr. ROCKWELL. I Yield to the gen 942,051,451, respectively. Today, every crease in personal income-tax rates. tleman from South Dakota. 12 days, on the average, our deficit is Any large increase in personal tax rates Mr. CASE. I wonder if the gentleman greater than was the shortage then in a will black-out the middle class. It will is entirely correct that this money in full year. Think of it! An increase in masquerade as a soak-the-rich policy. the Treasury is not usable.by the Treas our shortage of about 3,000 percent from Actually, it will result in making "poor ury for other purposes. I am interested a .condition which Mr. Roosevelt repre whites,. out of everyone except the bu in this fund. .As a matter of fact, the sented. as the road to bankruptcy. I reaucrats and the idle rich. Other spe first year I caJ;ne to Congress I offered an say this with no partisanship, because cific taxes could be designed to absorb amendment to increase the appropria the cost of living and the arithmetic ta excess income before it produced ex tion bill which·made the first $1,000,000 ble are nonpartisan. Inflation, like rain, plosive inflation in the market places available under the Pittman-Robertson falls on the just and the unjust alike. of the Nation. Act. The House accepted it. The ex But when we are making a mistake that My suggestions may not provide the planation was given at that time that this Mr. Roosevelt has said will lead to dis right answer and certainly not the full tax was.. a tax which had been put on aster, and then he enlarges that mis answer. But I say this-either levy new with some other nuisance taxes, and this take 30 times, either we are going to taxes in proportion to our expanded particular tax on ammunition was not wake up promptly or calamity will be ·spending or curtail our commitments repealed with a sort of gentlemen's un fall us. abroad to fit our resources. Whatever derstanding that it would be the measure Here we encounter the alibis for this taxes we levy will be labeled unfair and of appropriations that might be made fantastic situation. It is explained that unjust. They can result in general de under the Pittman-Robertson Act. How because we are at war, the budget of feat at the polls for those with the ccur ever, I think the money is in the Treas America must be unbalanced as it is to age to vote for them. But if America is ury 1and could be appropriated for other day. That simply is not true. Prac to be saved we here must exhibit moral purposes, except that from a bookkeep tically all our expenditures are being courage that will match the physical ing standpoint the appropriations that paid to American people in dollars. ·courage of our boys on the battle fronts. are made under the Pittman-Robertson These dollars could be collected from Taxes commensurate with Government Act are measured against it. them in proportion to the increase in expenditures are one of the prices of Mr. ROCKWELL. That is not my un Government expense if the administra liberty. Actually, liberty with high taxes derstanding. My understanding is, as the tion willed it. There will never be as or slavery with high taxes is the choice gentleman from Oregon says, that a trust good a time to do this task as now. Cer confronting-us. Can we see that truth in fund has been created and can be used tainly the willingness and ability to pay time? for no other purpose. The committee, in heavy taxes will not increase after peace To do this job, Congress must have its report, states that the money will stay has arrived. Then the fervor of our genuine help from the Executive depart there and accumulate. Their idea is that war patriotism will have cooled. ment. The blame for our present plight it will all be spent after the war, if the England is collecting over 50 percent does not rest alone on the shoulders of money is not spent now. My contention of her war expenditures in taxes. In Congress. Mr. Roosevelt has . taken is that it is an economy to spend enough the year ended April1, Canada collected credit, and rightly, for the overdue social of it now to keep going in a small way about 48 percent of her governmental gains of the past 10 years. The credit is the work that has been done up to this costs. But what is the record in Amer due the President because he dominated time. ica? During the 1943 fiscal year to date, Congress and controlled its efforts. So The CHAIRMAN. - The time of the only 25 percent of our expenditures have then it is only correct and logical that gentleman from Colorado has expired. been collected in taxes. Unfortunately, the economic crisis existing today be Mr. BUFFETT. Mr. Chairman, I there is no way of accurately portraying charged up to the President who has con move to strike out the last two words. the ominous consequences of this failure trolled the actions of Congress. Just as Mr. Chairman, America is today the of America's leadership. Like floating the social reforms are a New Deal strongest country financially in the downstream in the Niagara River above achievement, the financial errors and to world. Nevertheless, we are headed to the falls, the signs of disaster are recog day's inflation are likewise his failure. ward an economic Pearl Harbon infinite- nized only by those who have explored .Let me be specific. I. 4718' CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 20 Following the first major inflationary ler-the Chamber . of Deputies-Mus daughter there. She attended this act, breaking the gold pledge, the New solini-or whatever the legislative body school. We are pioneer folks, and this Deal, quite like a spendthrift who fi is, will resume its functions. This sort school was one of the trail blazers of our nances his riotous living by loans from his of tragedy need not happen here. If it civilization. ~riends and relatives, kept borrowing does happen, every American boy who Mr. SMITH of Ohio. Will the gentle steadily until the war danger th,reatened dies in this war will have died in vain. man yield? us. The insidious progress of this finan It will not happen if Congress will en Mr. STEWART. Yes, I yield. cial sickness was never effectively chal act tax levies commensurate with the Mr. SMITH of Ohio. Was there a lenged. The forces for upright financial present national expenditures. Budget estimate or request for the item practices could not effectively combat The people of America are counting on involved in your amendment? such tricky arguments about debt as, "We the Members of Congress to preserve Mr. STEWART. I am sorry I cannot owe it to ourselves,'' and other sleight their liberty. Victory in this battle does give you that information. I have never of-hand financial phrases. Compare not rest on our brave soldiers and sailors been able to have any information. that kind of leadership with what but on us at home. With you and me Mr. CARTER. Will the gentleman Churchill said to England a few weeks rests the final decision between solvency yield? ago, and I quote: and liberty or inflation and slavery. Be Mr. STEWART. Yes, I yield. These savings of the nation arising from fore the judgment seat of God each of us Mr. CARTER. I regret to inform the the thrift, skill, or devotion of individuals must some day answer for our actions gentleman from Oklahoma that there are sacred. The stat e is built aroundl them during this critical hour. was no Budget request presented for this and it is the duty of the state to redeem its Mr. FITZPATRICK. Mr. Chairman, I item, and that may be the principal faith in an equal degree of value. ask unanimous consent that all debate on reason why it was not favorably con this bill and all amendments thereto close sidered by the committee. The policy' here of evading a'nd con fusing the problem fooled many of the in 30 minutes, 10 minutes to be reserved Mr. STEWART. Possibly that is so, people but it did not entirely mislead to the gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr. but I am appealing ta you as Members Congress. Occasional attempts were STEWART] who desires to offer an amend of Congress, because some ideologists made in this legislative body to levy taxes ment. went in there to shear the wings of a that would balance the Budget. A Fed The CHAIRMAN. ·Is there objection great institution-to pFevent the appro eral sales tax, higher personal taxes, and to the request of the gentleman from priation for this school. The gentleman other special taxes have been proposed New York? from Oklahoma, the chairman of this from time to time. But for 10 years the There was no objection. subcommittee [Mr. JOHNSON], knows the Executive has had practically absolute Mr. STEWART. Mr. Chairman, I of picture as well as I know it, and I ask control of legislation. Programs to tax fer an amendment. him to express himself at this time. adequately have been pettifogged by the The Clerk read as follows: Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. If the Executive branch again and again, just Atriendment offered by Mr. STEWART: On gentleman will yield-- as the Administration has blocked pay page 39, between lines 14 and 15, insert the Mr. STEWART. I yield. following: "Presbyterian College at Durant, Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. I will as-you-earn taxation for many months. Okla.: For 100 pupils, $40,000; for pay of It is clear that the failure to prevent in say I am very familiar with the history principal, drayage, and general repairs and and the record of this school. It is one flation by higher "tax levies is not alone improvements, $7,000; in all, $47,000." the failure of Congress. It is important of the outstanding schools of the entire that that responsibility be squarely Mr. STEWART. Mr. Chairman, this United States. It has turned out some of placed. amendment is to reinstate an appropria the finest citizens of the country, and as For we are now nearing the crisis in tion for a college, the Oklahoma Pres a member of the committee I opposed our financial affairs. Strong measures byterian, a going institution heretofore closing the school. That is still my posi-· to preserve the value of the frugal sav supported by the Interior Department tion. ings of the common people of America for the past 40 years. My own daughter Mr. STEWART. Thank you for your must be enacted, or else the same attended this college. contribution. I just wanted to get that formula that has produced dictatorship To give you a little better background, picture before the Members of Congress. in other parts of the world will produce my father came to the Indian Territory Sometimes the Members of Congress do it here. First would come social dissen in 1894 as a Presbyterian missionary to not get a clear picture of the country as sions, resulting from the disruption of the Choctaw Indians. Somehow, some a whole. I feel I am as tolerant as any home life and skyrocketing of prices. way this college failed to receive an ap man in Congress. I would go as far for These disorders would take the-form of propriation 2 years ago. Yet it has pro a, man who opposes my religious or politi food riots, sectional strife, or recurrent duced some of the most outstanding In cal views, if he were honest and conscien labor disputes. Whatever their appar- • dian citizens in all America. I hope you tious in his convictions as I am in mine. ent nature, the underlying cause would will not forget that our very freedom I am going to ask you few Members who be the protest of the people against de which we enjoy today was brought about a're here this afternoon to restore this struction of the America they love by un by the cooperation of the Choctaw In appropriation. sound economic practices. Should that dians. In the Congressional Cemetery I might add as I go along, I read in a day arrive, it will provide an alluring stands a humble monument to Push trade journal that we had in one depart setting for the Executive power to seize inataha, an ally of General Jackson, who ment here in Washington 2, 700 attorneys, all the reins of government. All that was the only full-blood Indian who ever controlling the affairs of that depart */ would be necessery then would be to rose to the rank of a general, and the ment, and England was able to cope with shrewdly charge that the Congress had only Indian statesman that was ever 10 attorneys with a like branch of gov caused the crisis by failing to enact ade successful in getting all of the Indian ernment. I want you to figure that out. quate tax legislation. .tribes together. When the great war I am appealing to you. I believe that Special powers would be arbitrarily with England was raging in 1812, Te you men will see that these cold-hearted assumed, based on the necessity for pre cumseh gathered many tribes, and it was experts, if you please, are in error. They serving order and stopping dissension. the answer of this great general who would pass judgment on an institution That old alibi for despotism is hard to brought the Choctaws over on the side that has served America f or 50 years, and combat in a critical hour. It has been of the United States, whom this Govern one man of Indian blood has served used wherever d!;!mocratic nations have ment gave military honors for his con three terms in the United States Senate, been destroyed from within. Always the tribution to our very freedom today. Let Senator Robert L. Owen and two others, primary cause has been inflation and us keep faith with our solemn agree Charles D. Carter and Bill Hastings in economic distress. The first act of the ments. I appeal to you to reappropriate Congress. Please do not pass judgment dictator has always been to dissolve the this money. I am just as strong for my on this institution until you learn of the legislative body, claiming that the legis Catholic brethren, my Methodist breth great good it has done. I hope you do lature is incapable of dealing with pre ren, and my Baptist brethren as I am of not oppose me. I beg of you your sup vailing conditions. Likewise, the prom my own relig~oh in this respect. Do not port, because I believe we all see eye to ise is always made that once the discriminate. I thought enough of this eye. I hope that you recant an'd recon emergency is over, the Reichstag-Hit- college that I sent my own beloved sider and forget the ideologists who are .1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4719 trying to destroy one of the greatest of appearing on this matter and it is in FETT] a little while ago about national institutions in the United States, even your files. I wanted to make a clear finances, ~nd then to ask some ques though it is a small church school. cas~. and I hope the gentleman will with tions of the members of the committee. Mr. BENDER. Will the gentleman draw his remarks and support this mat It is true of course that the only real yield? ter instead of opposing it. cure for the problem of inflation is ad Mr. STEWART. Yes; I yield. Mr. FITZPATRICK. Was the gentle ditional taxation. A nation cannot Mr. BENDER. How large a body has man notified to appear? bring into balance the available supply this institution? Mr. STEWART. I never had notice to of goods with the available purchasing Mr. STEWART. It is a very small appear. But I wrote a letter. power of the people, so long as it permits school-100 or 200. It has, never had Mr. FITZPATRICK. I understand billions of dollars of new money in the over 200. that the gentleman was ·notified to form of deposits to be created by the Mr. BENDER. Is it not a fact that it appear. - banks and loaned to the Government a..t is less than 100 today? Mr. STEW ART. If I was, it was interest month by month. Mr. STEW ART. It is far less, because missed in the mass of correspondence As long as that condition prevails the no appropriation was made 2 years ago, that comes to my desk. attempt to control prices by means of and it has been carried on by public Mr. CARTER. I am sure that if the 0. P. A. will be of itself a most difficult subscription. gentleman wrote a. letter to the chair and hazardous procedure. As a matter Mr. BENDER. Is it not a fact that it man of this subcommittee or to the clerk of fact, I have put into a short volume Js less than 25? of the committee asking to appear, that called Out of Debt. Out of Danger my Mr. STEWART. I do not know what he would have received a. prompt reply. own though~ about this whole problem the number is. I saw but two letters in connection with of our national debt and national finan Mr. CARTER. If the gentleman will this school, neither of which was written cial structure. A copy of that book I yield, I can give the exact figures. by the gentleman from Oklahoma. I am going to take the pleasure of sending Mr. STEWART. All right; go ahead. might say that we have taken pretty to each Member of Congress in a day or Mr. CARTER. SomE')>ody said just 16 good care of the gentleman's district, so two. I rise at this time only to say students. far as schools are concerned. We have that one of the chapters in this book Mr. STEWART. I do not know, but provided for two other schools. points out that in time of war the kind he may be like some of these others. I Mr. STEWART. The subcommittee of financial policies that should be fol want to restore the institution; that will chairman just left the room, but I wrote lowed by a nation are quite the opposite take care of 100 or more and they will him a letter asking him the privilege of of those that should be followed in peace have the enrollment if you vote for this appearing before the committee and time and that the thing we need to do amendment. presenting this matter. above all others is to have sufficiently The CHAIRMAN. The time of the Mr. FITZPATRICK. I would like to courageous taxation including, if neces gentleman from Oklahoma has expired. say that I think the gentleman was noti sary, a compulsory savings program so Mr. CARTER. NIT. Chairman, Ir~e fied to appear before the committee. I that we can avoid the creation of a single in opposition to the amendment. I re am so informed by the clerk;" dollar of new money by the banking sys gret to find myself in opposition to the Mr. STEWART. I do not care what tem of this Nation. genial gentleman from Oklahoma £Mr. the clerk told the gentleman. I was not I should now like to ask one or two STEWART]. He has made a very ferv.ent told. questions of members of ·the committee. plea for this school, but his plea, with Mr. CARTER. I do not yield further. In the first place I should like to say all due deference to him, comes a little If the gentleman applied for permission that I ·saw recently a statement to the too late. This committee held hearings to appear before the committee and did effect that the War Production Board for a number of weeks. Many Members not get it, that is regrettable and I say had lifted its stop order .against the com of this House who were interested in that I hope be will withdraw his motion, pletion of the Friant Dam in California various matters appeared before the and that next year he wlll present the and also the Madera Canal. I realize committee. The gentleman from Okla.:. matter to the Bureau of the Budget and this action on the part of the War Pro homa never appeared to present his · let it be brought up in an orderly way. duction Board is somewhat late from the case. We have . no estimate ·from the Mr. RABAUT. Mr. Chairman, will the standpoint of this particular bill, but I Bureau of the Budget on this matter, gentleman yield? should like to ask some member of the and I say that this matter was called to Mr. CARTER. Yes; I yield. committee, perhaps the gentleman from the attention of the committee by the Mr. RABAUT. A remark has been California [Mr. CARTER], what effect that chairman of the subcommittee, the gen made here about one of the clerks of the might have on future actions. tleman from Oklahoma [Mr. JoHNSON]. Committee on Appropriations. If there Mr. CARTER. Mr. Chairman, will th~ who presented communications that had is a group of men in this whole Capitol gentleman yield? been written in behalf of the institution. that is devoted to the office which they Mr. VOORHIS of California. Gladly. . r,rhe chairman of this subcommittee was hold that group is the clerks of the Com Mr. CARTER. While I have received very much in favor of the support of this mittee on Appropriations, with which I no official notice, I understand that that school, and I say to the gentleman from have been connected for a long time. is the case, that the stop order so far as Oklahoma [Mr. STEWART], that when it They are most devoted to their duty, and the Madera Canal and the ;Friant Dam came time to vote, although the chair I am sorry to hear anything said derog has been removed. This appropriation man of the subcommittee favored it, the atory to any one of them. If a letter was bill carries an item of $11,500,000 in addi remainder of the committee was unani sent to the committee, there will be evi tion to the carry-over which was $26,- mously against it under the conditions dence of it. 500,000; so there is a considerable under which it was presented. Had the Mr. CARTER. I agree with the gen amount of money with which to ·work gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr. STEW tleman. The clerk of this subcommittee at the present time. ART] gone to the Bureau of the Budget, is most efficient and courteous. Mr. VOORHIS of California. And or had he come to the committee and pre Mr. RABAUT. And I hope that the could that be used on the Friant Dam or sented the matter with the fervor and evidence will be produced. any portion of the Central Valley project? devotion he has presented it .here on the The CHAIRMAN. The time of the Mr. CARTER. Yes; there may be a floor of the House, he might have ap gentleman from California has expired. very small portion that is earmarked, pealed to us in such a manner that we The question is on the amendment of but it would not in my opinion amount would have put the school in, but I ask fered ~Y the gentleman from Oklahoma. to more than $3,000,000 which could not him now to withdraw his amendment so The question was taken and the be used for these purposes. that we can get on with the bill. amendment was rejected. Mr. VOORHIS of California. Will a Mr. STEWART. Mr. Chairman, will Mr. VOORIDS of California. Mr. portion of it be used for the completion the gentleman yiel-d? Chairman, I have asked for this time of the Shasta Dam and the installation Mr. CARTER. Yes; I yield. only for the purpose of making some of power units there? Mr. STEWART. I wrote a letter to remarks pursuant to what was said by Mr. CARTER. It will be used immedi the committee asking for the priYilege the gentleman from Nebraska [Mr. BuF- ately and continuously until that power 4720 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 20 1s brought in which will probably be soon attendance a joint committee of the Sen less I was very courteously received. after the first of next year. ate and the House of Representatives- Here is what actually happened. Mr. VOORHIS of California. And to consist of three Members of the Sen On my arrival I was, of course, stopped how about the transmission of that ate, to be appointed by the President of by one of the military police, of which ;power? the Senate, two of whom shall be mem there are some 200 posted very wisely Mr. . CARTER. There is plenty of bers of the majority party and one who . all around to proteQt the safety and wel money provided in this bill fo~ the trans shall be a member of the minority party; fare of these hundreds of representatives missiog line and it is the opinion of the five Members of the House, to be ap of the 43 Allied Nations that have hon committee that the only transmission pointed by the Speaker, three of whom ored us with their presence at this his line the Government should build is from shall be members of the majority party toric international conference. the Shasta power house to the Shasta and two of whom shall be members of Upon presenting my official identifica.. substation about 25 miles away. the minority party. tion as a Member of Congress, I was Mr. VOORHIS of California. It would This resolution further sought to per promptly and courteously sent to the have to be turned over to the Pacific Gas mit the vitally interested people of this main guard desk at the front door of the & Electric Co. unless the transmission Nation to be kept informed qf the hap famous and beautiful huge Homestead line authorized by Congress were com penings of this historic meeting through Hotel, where my credential:.. were again pleted from Shasta Dam to load center daily attendance of representatives of at examined and I was promptly escorted at Antioch. least the three major wire-press services to the office of the secretariat, Mr. · Mr. CARTER. There is no hope of namely, the Associated Press, Interna~ Michael J. McDermott, of the State De having that done for many years. tiona! News Service, and United Press. partment, and was given a daily visi· Mr. VOORHIS of California. But It is provided in that resolution that the tor's pass. I was permitted to register there is no prejudice against that being gentlemen of the press are subject to a and fortunately able to obtain a room in done as soon as possible? reasonable amount of censorship to pre the very much overcrowded hob~!. Huge Mr. CARTER. No; not if it is decided vent the disclosure of military secrets as it is, this hotel is not able to accom· it should be done. which might bring aid and comfort to modate all of the delegates and some of The CHAffiMAN. The time of the the enemy. them are of necessity occupying rooms gentleman from California has expired. No action having been taken upon this in buildings nearby. The Chair recognizes the gentleman resolution by the Rules Committee up to Following my assignment to a room, from South Dakota [Mr. CASE] for 5 April27, I addressed a letter to its chair the captain of the guard was good minutes. ' mar:, the Honorable ADOLPH J. SABATH, enough to take me up to meet my former Mr. CASE. Mr. Chairman, this after urgmg the imperative necessity of esteemed colleague-a Member of the noon we have been discussing a bill mak prompt action immediately upon the re House for 24 years and recently chair· ing appropriations for the Interior De convening of the House on May 3. I man of the Agriculture Committee, and partment. During this time there has · pointed out to th~ chairman that if, as now a judge in the Court of Claims, the been some consideration of the question we had been led to believe, nothing of a Honorable Marvin Jones, duly elected of food supply. I see on the floor the dis .. military nature was to be discussed at chairman of this historic conference. tinguished gentleman from Michigan this conference, there should be no ob I talked with Judge Jones for a long [Mr. BRADLEY] who has just returned jection raised to the adoption of my reso while about the aims and purposes of the from a visit td that great interior hinter lution and further that if discussions are conference and was very pleasantly re land, Hot Springs, Va., where I under to be had and decisions arrived at or ceived indeed. Following that session, stand he crashed the gate and was ad commitments mace which might affect Mr. McDermott took me all over the mitted to the food conference. the post-war_security and economy of building, through the various meeting Mr. BRADLEY of Michigan. Mr. this Nation, then by all means it was rooms, and so forth, and later I went Chairman, will the gentleman yield? imperative that favorable action be taken down to the press room for an interview Mr. CASE. I yield. immediately on this resolution. by members of the press in attendance. Mr. BRADLEY of Michigan. I want to I became concerned about what ap On Thursday , morning· I returned to make it perfectly clear that I did not peared to me to. be an obvious muzzling Washington for the purpose of repeating crash any gates; as a matter of fact, I of the press and I became worried about to my colleagues in the House the warm was welcomed very cordially, as I ex some possible deliberate attempt on the assurances of Judge Jones that all Mem pected to be, by our former esteemed and part of the sponsors of this conference bers of Congress were welcome at any - distinguished colleague the Honorable to keep valuable information away from time to attend any and all sessions Marvin Jones. the people of the United States or from of the conference and that nothing Mr. CASE. I am sure that the gentle we Members of Congress, who are the whatsoever will be kept from them. man was treated nicely by Mr. Jones, who duly elected representatives ·of the peo In my humb-le -opinion, -it is most was a former distinguished Member of ple. Consequently, I continued to push imperative that the Members of Con this body. If the gentleman at this time for action before the Rules Committee. gress accept this invitation when.. cares to elaborate on what he discovered, Republican members on that committee ever their time permits and sit in I shall be pleased to yield to him further. caused our resolution to b~ brought up on these historic meetings. After all, I Mr. BRADLEY of Michigan. I shall for discussion last Friday. I was not have been told that this conference is be very happy to tell the gentleman and called in before the committee at that but the first of a number of such inter· the Committee what I found down there. time but I was promised that I would be national conferences that it is expected The United Nations Food Conference called before the committee to testify will be held between now and the peace to convened at Hot Springs, Va., last Tues early this last week. Not having been follow this devastating war. These con day, the 18th. As you all will remember, -called and no action 'having been taken ferences are looking toward the post-war the Government originally ruled that the on my re ~ ::>Jution, immediately after Mr. period and it seems to me that we as press of this country would be barred Churchill finished speaking on Wednes Members of Congress are woefully re from covering the conference with the day, I jumped into my car and drove 220 miss in the discharge of our duties exception that they would be permitted miles down to Hot Springs, Va., to look if we fail to profit by our mute at to attend only the opening and closing into this c~nference personally. I con tendance at these conferences and sessions. In order that the American sider it my duty to my constituents and get the viewpoints of the international people would not be kept completely in my country to keep myself -as fully in.. · delegates who are thus assembled. the dark on developments at this confer· formed as possible on all matters which It seems to me this is a golden oppor- ence, I introduced, on April 13, in com- . pertain to the general welfare: tunity for the Members of Congress to pany with our own Senator HoMER FER Some newspapers have carried the interview these delegates-statesmen ausoN, House Concurrent Resolution 18. story that I crashed the gate at this his .. and economists-from all over-the world This resolution was designed to permit toric conference. Even though it be and get their outlook on the post the Congress to have full knowledge of true that I was 'jhe first and only Mem war world, in order that we may be in a all discussions, all transactions, and all ber of Congress to go to the trouble of better position to pass upon the various decisions which may be arrived at during seeking entrance to this conference up questions that will be presented to us the course of the sessions by having in to the third day of its sessions, neverthe· and thus rt!nder decisions which in our ./ 1943 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4721 humble opinion will be for the best Jn have their work tables, their press wire sometime between now and its closing, terests of our Nation and the post-war outlets, and so forth. One of the major which has definitely been set by .resolu world in general. Furthermore, we are wire press services-International News tion for June 3. Hot Springs is tempo more than remiss in our duties if we do has set up an electrical printer. In an rarily in the same position as many not indicate by our presence that we are other section of the city two blocks away, other cities in this country. It is woe alive to our responsibiUty as the people's the news photographers have been pro fully short of accommodations. The representatives by being willing to keep vided with a temporary darkroom for Homestead Hotel itself, headquarters of ourselves thus informed. Obviously, if we developing their photographs. These the conference, is· overcrowded beyond do not attend this conference in some boys, however' are operating under con its capacity-in fact, to such/ an extent numbers, it seems to me that it is per siderable difficulty in that they have to that some of the delegates have had to fectly logical for the administration of drive some 20 miles to Covington in order be quartered elsewhere. Judge Jones. ficials, charged with the responsibility of to get their pictures on the wire trans therefore, has suggested to me that I arranging for the conference, to feel that mission services. This is no fault of the call the attention of the Members to the Congress -is disinterested and therefore conference. reasonably good rail accommodations there is no reason to issue any invitation It is true that so far the members of which -are presently available. One can to Members to attend any future con the press have been denied permission leave Washington at 11:30 at night ferences which may -be held. In other to enter the hotel proper, where all the on the Chesapeake & Ohio pullman and words, this conference might well be re $essions are being held, for the purpose arrive in Hot Springs early the next garded as setting a precedent and it is up of either attending the various sessions morning in plenty of time to attend the to us in the public discharge of our duties or for interviewing the delegates. My sessions, which generally start at either to see to it that Congress is actively in own personal opinion -is that the press 9 or 10 o'clock and continue throughout cluded-not necessarily as voting dele should be permitted reasonable repre the day and into the evening. Return gates-but certainly as observers in any sentation at all open sessions and should ing, one can leave there on the sleeper and all of these future conferences. be given an opportunitY. to intervie\f the at 8 o'cloc~ and arrive in Washington Now, as to the aims of this particular various delegates within the hotel proper, about 3:30a.m. Of course, I appreciate conference, let me quote from the open if the delegates themselves are willing to this is an early hour to land here-and ing address of the since-elected chair be interviewed. Now, of course, this I understand it is a through sleeper for man, Judge Marvin Jones: much is true: The conference has in no New York-but the fact remains, and I The fact that representatives of 44 nations, way whatsoever attempted to restrict the am sure the membership appreciates, from every part of the earth, have traveled utterances of any of the delegates and that if one will go to bed early, as is the long distances under wartime difficulties to has made it perfectly clear that not only · habit of the membership, one can still be here bespeaks your earnestness and the can they step outside of the hotel proper get a full 7 hours' sleep and upon arrival importance of the subject we are to discuss. to talk to reporters but they can also at in Washington can go directly to the of .. More important, it reflects a genuine desire their request call the reporters into a flee and get in several hours of work free on the part of all free peoples for a better special press conference room which has from interqtption by telephone or pres-. understanding of our common problems and ence of constituents. a united approach to their solution. been arranged in the hotel proper. So This conference has rightfully been re far-and the conference is only a .few Mr. CASE. Mr. Chairman, I congrat-. ferred to as a- forerunner of other conferences days old-it is natural to assume, and it ulate the gentleman from Michigan, ancl which unquestionably · will have a part in is a fact, that some of the delegates I ask unanimous consent that he may shaping the post-war world in which freedom unaccustomed to American press pro have permission to extend his own re" will again rule. cedure-are perhaps somewhat back marks at this point in the RECORD. Thinking people everywhere now realize ward in accepting press invitations to be The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection that what we have called surpluses are, for to the request of the gentleman from the most part, not surpluses at all, but are interviewed. On the other hand, it is the results of accumulations caused by de likewise but natural to assume that these South Dakota [Mr. CAsE]? fects -in the systems of distribution and the individual delegates desire and expect There was no objection. inability of the masses to purchase the food full press coverage back in their own na The CHAIRMAN. The Chair recog .. they need. The peoples of the world have tion and our American press stands ready nizes the gentleman from Idaho [Mr. mastered the machinery of production to a to give them that coverage and can do it DWORSHAK]. far greater degree than they_ have mastered very quickly if permitted to thus promote Mr. CANNON of Missouri. Will the the machinery of distribution. international good ~ill. gentleman yield? If by the exchange of views and a consid eration of these questions we can produce a In all fairness, I think I should say , Mr. DWORSHAK. I yield to the gen better understanding and promote the flow that Judge Jones and Mr. McDermott, of tleman from Missouri. · of farm commodities and the articles pro the State Department, who has been Mr. CANNON of Missouri. Mr. C)J.air· duced therefrom into the markets of the designated chief press officer of the con man, I have asked the gentleman to . world; if we can leave the peoples of the world ference, are both hopeful that some yield in these last few minutes of debate freer and more able to produce and secure the method can be worked out to better the in order to secure opportunity for a word things they need; if we can make it possible for surplus products to be distributed and press relations with this conference. of commendation for the subcommittee used and thus prevent them from overloading Both join me in very sincere regrets that of the Appropriations Committee hari.. and overwhelming the distribution machinery there has developed an unfortunate lack dling the bill. This is one of the most of the countries in which such surpluses have of understanding of the press situation important o! the annual supply bills and been backed up .for lack of a market, we will on all sides. Certain it is that we still one of the most difficult. And in all the not only have achieved a .great world-wide have a free press in America-we are told years I have been on the committee I do humanitarian objective, but each of us will we are fighting to preserve the freedom not recall seeing it disposed of with such have helped to promote the economic and of speech-and certain it is that we do dispatch and general approval, in the social betterment of his own country as well. not have today at Hot Springs a free committee and in the House. That is all Now, I earlier referred to the very jus press. There still remains in -America a the more notable in view of the fact that tifiable indignation of the press at the power of the press and if this and future the bill as reported has been reduced 60 original decision which was to bar them conferences are to be successful, then percent below the current expenditures from all excepting the opening and clos that power of the press to influence pub of the Department and 11 percent below ing sessions of the conference. Consid lic opinion in America must be fully re the Budget estimates. It is· a record erable modification has since been made spected and so far as I am concerned, I which has not been equaled this year- in the initial regulations. Here is the intend to continue to exert every influ- if ever before in the history of the Con actual situation as· I saw it on my arrival ence that I can bring to bear to see to it gress-and I wish to compliment the Wednesday evening. that the American people get freedom chairman of the subcommittee, the gen Press headquarters have been set up in of the press at all times and on every tleman from Oklahoma [Mr. JoHNSON] the Hotel Casino, which is located about occasion. who probably knows more about the af 100 yards distant from the hotel proper. In conclusion let me just add one word fairs of this Department than any other In this rather spacious building, the of caution to any of the Members who man in the House, and with him the many reporters covering the conference may desire to attend the conference members of his subcommittee, including I 1!722 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-1-IOUSE MAY 20 especi~Jly the gentleman from California current fiscal year, and I find that all MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE .[Mr. CARTER] and the members of the of the amounts appropriated 1 year ago A message from the Senate by Mr. subcommittee on both sides of the aisle. ·are to remain available "until expended," Duke, one of its clerks, announced that The reductions in the---bill are in keeping and that applies both to the reclama the Senate had passed without amend with the national program of retrench tion fund and the general fund. ment a joint resolution of the House of ment and the subcommittee in recom I simply want to make that observa the following title: mending them have contributed in that tion because I believe that the House, H. J. Res. 122. Joint resolution to ex respect to the successful prosecution of having control over the purse strings of tend the provisions of the Bituminous Coal the war program. I congratulate the the Nation, will not transfer this con Act of 1937 for a period of 90 days. gentleman from Oklahoma, Chairman trol over the reclamation projects or var JoHNSON, and his committee on the con ious activities of the Bureau of Recla GENERAL LEAVE duct of the bill,. throughout the hearings mation to the War Production Board or Mr. JOHNSON of Oklahoma. Mr. and particularly on its management and. to any other wartime agency. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that passage without amendment on the floor I believe that as soon as this war emer all Members have 5 legislative days here this afternoon. gency shall have passed the House should within which to extend their own re Mr. CASE. Will the gentleman yield? demonstrate that it has control and insist mal'ks in the 'RECORD on the bill just Mr. DWORSHAK. I yield to the gen upon seeing that neither the War Pro passed, H. R. 2719. tleman. duction Board nor any other agency shall The SPEAKER. Is there objection? Mr. CASE. Mr. Chairman, iii view of bypass or divert t~ expenditure Ohio River and Also, memorial of the Legislature of the By Mr. CURTIS: State of Massachusetts, memorializing the tributaries, and on projects of the South H. R. 2746. A bill to provide for emer President and the Congress of the United Atlantic region, including rivers flowing gency flood-control work, made necessary by States to amend the Federal Motor Carrier into the Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mex the flood of 1943, on the Missouri River be Act, 1935, so-called, now part II of the In ico east of t~e Mississippi River. tween Pierre, S. Dak., and the mouth; to the terstate Commerce Act; to the Committee on 4. Wednesday, June 2: General Rey Committee on Flood Control. Interstate and Foreigi_l Commerce. bold, General Robins, Colonel Goethals, By Mr. KILDAY: H. R. 2747. A bill to amend the act to other representatives of the Office of Chief codify and emphasize existing rules and cus PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS of Engineers, -and proponents, on proj toms pertaining to the display and use of ects along the Missouri River and tribu Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private the fiag of the United States of America, as bills and resolutions were introduced and taries and the upp~r Mississippi River amended; to the Committee on the Judiciary. and the Great Lakes region. By Mr. PACE: . severally referred as follows: · 5. Thursday, June 3: General Reybold, H. R. 2748. A bill to increase the maximum By Mr. GRANT of Alabama: General Robins, Colonel Goethals, other amount of any deposit or trust fund which H. R. 2755. A bill for the r~lief of Howard may be insured by the Federal Deposlt In H. Thames; to the Committee on M111tary representatives of the Office of Chief of surance Corporation under section 12B of the Affairs. Engineers, and proponents, on projects Federal Reserve Act, as amended; to the Com By Mr. KILDAY: in the lower Mississippi River and tribu mittee on Banking and Currency. . H. R. 2756. A bill for the relief of Dr. V. H. taries, including the Arkansas and White By Mr. RUSSELL: . Williams; to the Committee on Claims. Rivers, and on rivers flowing into the l!. R. 2749. A bill to authorize for' the dura By Mr. LANE: Gulf, west of the Mississippi River, and in tion of the war the establishment of zones H. R. 2757. A bill for the relief of Margaret the Western Rocky Mountain region, in prohibiting the sale of intoxicating !iquors Hamilton; to the Committee on Claims. cluding Texas and Colorado, and in the around plants engaged in the production of H. R. 2758. A bill for the relief of Mrs. war materials, and prohibiting the sale of Catherine Higgins; to the Committee on Pacific Northwest region, including the intoxicating liquors on property of the United Claims. Willamette River and the Columbia River States, and to men and women in uniform, By Mr. O'NEAL: and tributaries. for the duration of the war, and prescribing H. R. 2759. A bill for the relief of Mrs. Alice 6. Friday, June 4: General Reybold, penalties for the violation of any of the pro E. Shinnick; to the Committee on Claims. General Robins, Colonel Goethals, other visions of this act; to the Committee on representatives of the Office of Chief of Military Affairs. PETITIONS, ETC. Engineers, and proponents, on projects By Mr. BLAND: in the Los A.ngeles area and in the State H. R. 2750. A bill to amend section 353 (b) Under clause 1 of rule XXII, petitions of California, including the Sacramento, of the Communications Act of 1934, as and papers-were laid on the Clerk's desk San Joaquin, and Kern River valleys, amended; to the Co~mittee on the Merchant and referred as follows: Marine and Fisheries. 828. By Mr. GRAHAM: Petition of 20 citi and on projects in other regions and in By Mr. HAGEN: zens of Lawrence County, Pa., urging the other parts of the United States. H. R. 2751. A bill authorizing a per capita passage of House bi112082, introduced by Han. 7. Tuesday, June 8: Representatives payment of $10 each to the members of JosEPH R. BRYSON_, of South Carolina, to re of the Department of Agriculture and the Red Lake Band of Chippewa Indians from duce absenteeism, -conserve- manpower, and the Bureau of Reclamation, and other any funds on deposit in the Treasury of the speed production of materials necessary for governmental agencies. · United States to their credit; to the Com the winning of the war, by prohibiting the 8. Wednesday, June 9: Senators and mittee on Indian Affairs. manufacture, sale, or transportation of alco By Mr. McGREGOR: holic liquors in the United States for the Representatives of Congress. H. R. 2752. A bill to authorize the acquisi d\lration of the war and until the termination tion of additional lands and flowage ease of mo.Pilization; to the Committee on the EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS, ETC. ments for the Pleasant Hill Reservoir, Ohio, Judiciary. Under clause 2 of rule XXIV, execu and for other purposes; to the Committee on 829. Also, petition of sundry citizens of tive communications were taken from Flood Control. New Wilmington, Lawrence County, Pa., urg By M_r. CANNON of Missouri: ing the passage of House bill 2082, introduced the Speaker's table and referred as fol H. R. 2753. A bill making supplemental ap by Han. JOSEPH R. BRYSON, of South Carolina, lows: propriations to cauy out the provisions of to reduce absenteeism, conserve manpower, 429. A letter from the Secretary of War, an ~ct to promot~ the defense of the United and speed production of materials necessary transmitting a draft of a proposed bill to States, approved March 11, 1941, as amended, for the winning of the ·war, by prohibiting amend an act entitled "An act to provide for and for other purposes; to the Committee the manufacture, sale, or transportation of the postlimmous appointment to commis on Appropriations. alcoholic liquors 'in the United States for the sioned or noncommissioned grade of certain By Mr. DIRKSEN: duration of the war and until the termina enlisted men and the posthumous promo H. R. 2754. A bill to establish the Office of tion of mobilization; to the Committee on tion of certain commissioned officers, and· Power Administration for the coordinated ad the Judiciary. · enlisted men,'' approved July 28, 1942; to the ministration of all Federal functions pertain 830. By Mr. FITZPATRICK: Petition of the Committee on Military Affairs. ing to the generation, distribution and sale Dressmakers Union, Local No. 22, Interna 430. A communication from the President of electricity and the regulation of electric tional Ladies Garment Workers Union, urging of the United States, transmitting budgets utilities; to the Committee on Interstate and the defeat of the Connally bill (S. 796); to for the fiscal year 1944 for the mllitary and Foreign Commerce. - the Committee on Military Arrairs. 4726 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE MAY 21 831. By Mr. REED of Illinois: Petition of and until the termination of demobilization; Youth Administration and that a sufficient Frances G. Teichmann, of Aurora, and 19 citi to t h e Committee on the Judiciary. appropriation be made therefor; to the Com zens of Aurora and Evanston, Ill., urging the 841. Also, petition of 20 citizens of Law mittee on Appropriations. passage of House bill 2082, introduced by Hon. rence County, Pa., urging the passage of 851. Also, resolution of Local Union No. 117 JOSEPH R. BRYSON, of South Carolina, to re• House bill 2082, introduced by Han. JosEPH R. of the Progressive Mine Workers of America, duce absenteeism, conserve manpower, and BRYSON, ()f South Carolina, to reduce absen Eldorado, Ill., signed by Wm. Gallagher, speed production of materials necessary for teeism, conserve manpower, and speed pro president, and Leonard Smith, secretary, urg the winning of the war by prohibiting the duction of materials necessary for the ing the continuance of the National Youth manufacture, sale, or transportation of alco winning of the war, by prohibiting the manu Administration and that a sufficient appro holic liquors in the United States for the facture, sale, or transportation of alcoholic priation be made therefor; to the Committee duration of the war and until the termina liquors in the United states for the duration on Appropriations. tion of mobilization; to the Committee on the of the war and until the termination of 8q2. By Mr. HOPE: Petition of sundry citi Judiciary. demobilization; to the Committee on the zeJ;ls of St. John, Kans., favoring House bill 832. Also, petition of Mrs. Charles Schul Judiciary. 2082; to the Committee on the Judiciary. hafer, of Aurora, and 19 citizens of Kane 842. By Mr. CARTER: Petition of the East 853. Also, petitio:rr of sundry citizens of County, Ill., urging the passage of House bill Bay Sponsoring Committee for Public Protest, Sharon, Kans .• favoring House bill 2082; to 2082, introduced by Han. JosEPH R. BRYSON. of Oakland, Calif., against extermination of. the Committee on the Judiciary. of South Carolina, to reduce absenteeism, Jews and other minorities in occupied Eu 854. By Mr. RAMSPECK: Petitions span• conserve manpower, and speed production of rope; to the Committee o:ri Foreign Affairs. sored by the Woman.'s Christian Temperance materials nece'sSary for the winning of the 843. By Mr. DONDERO: Petition of sundry Union of Georgia. urging the passage of war by prohibiting the manufacture, sale, or citizens of the State of Michigan, Seventeenth House bill 2082; to the Committee on the transportation of alcoholic liquors in the Con_gressional District, urging the passage Judiciary. United States for the duration of the war of House bill 2082, to reduce absenteeism, con 855. By Mr. BRYSON: Petition favoring and until the termination of mobilization; serve manpower, and speed production of ma passage of House bill 2082; to the Committee to the Committee on the Judiciary. terials necessary for the winning of the war, on the Judiciary. 833. By Mr. LEONARD W. HALL: Petition by prohibiting the manufacture, sale, or 856. By Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts: of sundry citiZens of H'W.ltington, N. Y., in transportation of alcoholic liquors in the Petition of the General Court of Massachu· - advocacy of House bill 2082; to the Commit United States during the war; to the Com setts, favoring the amendment of the Fedet:al tee on the Judiciary. mittee on the Judiciary. Motor Carriers Act, 1935, so-called, now part 834. By Mr. O'BRIEN of illinois: · Resolu 844. By Mr. HANCOCK: Petition of ·Rev. n of the Interstate Commerce Act; to the tion of th& Illinois House of Representatives, Elizabeth R. Choate and other residents of Committee on Interstate and ~reign Com urging enactment into law of House bills 7 Syracuse, N.Y., favoring the passage of House merce. and 51, known as the poll tax and antilynch b111 2082; to the Committee on the Judiciary. 857. By the SPEAKER: Petition of the bills, respectively; to the Committee on the 845. By Mr. REED of Dlinois: Petition of Perth Amboy Smelter and Refinery Worker& .Judiciary. Alice Girdwood, of Aurora, Dl., and 19 citiz.ens Union, Perth Amboy, N. J., petitioning con 835. By Mr. KEARNEY~ Petition of Mrs. of Kane County, Dl., urging the passage of sideration of their resolution with reference Philip Male and 53 other residents of Sche House bill 2082, introduced by Hon. JOSEPH to labor legislation; to the Committee on nectady and Niskayuna, N. Y., appealing for _ R. BRYSON, of South Carolina, to reduce ab Rules. the passage of House bill 2082, for by its en senteeism, conserve manpower, and speed 858. Also, petition of the Building and Con• actment untold amounts of money, food, ma production of materials necessary for the struction Trades Council, Oakland, Calif., terials, coal, ·iron, rubber, gasoline, and ship winning of the war by prohibiting the manu petitioning consideration of their resolution ping space will be conserved, and a large per facture, sale, or transportation of alcoholic with reference to House Joint Resolution 96; centage of the cause of absenteeism in war liquors in the United States for the duration to the Committee on Appropriations. plants will be eliminated; to the Committee of the war and until the termination of on the Judiciary. demobilization; to the Committee on the 836. By Mr. McGREGOR: Petition of sun Judiciary. dry citizens of Ohio, urging the passage by the Congress of the United States of House 846. By Mr. LYNCH: Petition of sundry HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES bill2082, introduced by Han. JOSEPH BRYSON, citizens of New York City, ~· Y., urging the of South Carolina, to reduce absenteeism, Congress of the United States to establish a FRIDAY~ MAY 21,1943 conserve manpower, and speed production of Chiropractic Corps in the armed :(orces; to materialS" necessary for the winning of the the Committee on Military Affairs. The House met at 12 o'clock noon. war, by prohibiting the manufacture, sale, or· 8"47. By Mr. ROHRBOUGH: Petition of R. J. Bennett and 21 other citizens of the city The Chaplain, Rev. James Shera Mont· transportation of alcoholic liquors in the gomery, D. D., offered the following Uni~ States for the duration of the war of West Union, W. Va., urging the passage and until the termination of mobilization; to of House bill 2082, introduced by the prayer: the Committee on the Judicia:ry. Honorable JosEPH R. BRYSON, of South Caro 0 Lord of l_ife and power, we would 837. By Mr. MOTT: Petition signed by lina, to r.educe absenteeism, conserve man power, and speed production of materials not plead for ourselves alone, but for all Mabel E. Eid and 79 other citiz~ns of Canby, who serve Thy cause by word and deed. Oreg., urging the pas~age of the Bryson bill necessary for the winning of the war, by pro (H. R. 2082); to the Committee on the Judi hibiting the manufacture, sale, or transporta In fashioning our conception of Thee, ciary. tion of alcoholic liquors in the United States we pray that it may be resplendent of 838. By Mr. LANE: Memorial in the nature for the duration of the war and until the justice and august in truth; how much of a resolution of the General Court of Mas termination of demobilization; to the Com more bravely we would march forward, sachusetts, favoring the amendment of the mittee on the Judiciary. catching the light that is absorbing the Federal Motor Carrier Act, 1935, so called, 848. By Mr. LAMBERTSON: Petition of shadow of doubt. In seeking the solu now part II of the Interstate Commerce Act; L. E. Armel and 72 other citizens of Holton, to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Kans., urging that the Congress of the United tion of our problems, give us to under Commerce. States pass House bill 2082, introduced by stand that calmness is might and candor 839. By Mr. GRAHAM: Petition of 20 citi Han. JosEPH R. BRYSON, of South Carolina, is the nobility of labor.· zens of Lawrence County, Pa., urging the pas to reduce absenteeism, conserve manpower, With faith in Thy fatherhood as a sage of House bill 2082, introduced by Hon. and speed production of materials necessary blessed inheritance, we would have sa JosEPH R. BRYSON, of South Carolina, to re for winning of the war, by prohibiting the cred access to Thee as a comfort in all duce absenteeism, conserve manpower, -and manufacture, sale, or transportation of alco trial and as guide in all wisdom, as an speed production of materials necessary for holic liquors in the United States for the illumination in all darkness and as sta the winning of the war, by 'prohibiting the duration of the war and until the termina manufacture, sale, or trq,nsportation of alco tion of demobilization; to the Committee on bility when we need rest. When men and holic liquors in the United States for the the Judiciary. nations live by envy and rivalry, by duration of the war and until the termina 849. By Mr. HEIDINGER: Communication vanity and physical appetite, 0 Lord, tion of demobilization; to the Committee on from Wanda N. Gum, director of student have mercy on their pauperized souls. the Judiciary. employment, Southern Illinois Normal Uni We praise Thee for the uncalendared 840. Also, petition of 20 citizens of Lawrence versity, Carbondale, Ill., urging the continu and nameless millions of our country County, Pa., urging the passage of House b1ll ance of the National Youth Administration whose industry, sacrifice, and patriotism 2082, introduced _by Hon. JOSEPH R. BRYSON, of and that a sufficient appropriation be ~ade give abiding assurance to the glory of South Carolina, to reduce absenteeism, con therefor; to the Committee on Appropria l!lerve manpower, and speed production of ma tions. our common democracy. Spare our land terials necessary for the winn!ng of the war, 850. Also, communication from Elizabeth from the selfish rich who disregard the by prohibiting the manufacture, sale, or Myrna, corresponding secretary, Business and oor and from the discontented poor who transportation of alcoholic liquors in the Professional Women's Club, Harrisburg, Ill., envy the rich. Deliver us from these United States for the duration of the war urging the continuance of the National vain tempers which disenchant many a