Minimum Flows in the Tennessee River Valley
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Ordovician Land Plants and Fungi from Douglas Dam, Tennessee
PROOF The Palaeobotanist 68(2019): 1–33 The Palaeobotanist 68(2019): xxx–xxx 0031–0174/2019 0031–0174/2019 Ordovician land plants and fungi from Douglas Dam, Tennessee GREGORY J. RETALLACK Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA. *Email: gregr@uoregon. edu (Received 09 September, 2019; revised version accepted 15 December, 2019) ABSTRACT The Palaeobotanist 68(1–2): Retallack GJ 2019. Ordovician land plants and fungi from Douglas Dam, Tennessee. The Palaeobotanist 68(1–2): xxx–xxx. 1–33. Ordovician land plants have long been suspected from indirect evidence of fossil spores, plant fragments, carbon isotopic studies, and paleosols, but now can be visualized from plant compressions in a Middle Ordovician (Darriwilian or 460 Ma) sinkhole at Douglas Dam, Tennessee, U. S. A. Five bryophyte clades and two fungal clades are represented: hornwort (Casterlorum crispum, new form genus and species), liverwort (Cestites mirabilis Caster & Brooks), balloonwort (Janegraya sibylla, new form genus and species), peat moss (Dollyphyton boucotii, new form genus and species), harsh moss (Edwardsiphyton ovatum, new form genus and species), endomycorrhiza (Palaeoglomus strotheri, new species) and lichen (Prototaxites honeggeri, new species). The Douglas Dam Lagerstätte is a benchmark assemblage of early plants and fungi on land. Ordovician plant diversity now supports the idea that life on land had increased terrestrial weathering to induce the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event in the sea and latest Ordovician (Hirnantian) -
The Tennessee Valley Authority: Its History
Ouachita Baptist University Scholarly Commons @ Ouachita Honors Theses Carl Goodson Honors Program 1965 The Tennessee Valley Authority: Its History Judy Crumby Ouachita Baptist University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlycommons.obu.edu/honors_theses Part of the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Crumby, Judy, "The Tennessee Valley Authority: Its History" (1965). Honors Theses. 632. https://scholarlycommons.obu.edu/honors_theses/632 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Carl Goodson Honors Program at Scholarly Commons @ Ouachita. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Commons @ Ouachita. For more information, please contact [email protected]. In 1912 George William Norris was elected to the United States Senate. This might properly be called the beginning of the Tennessee Valley Authority. Sen. Norris became an out spoken advocate of public ownership of public utilities. His greatest dream \vas the development by the government of the possibilities for electric power in the Tennessee River ValJ.ey. Finally in 1933, Norris was able to see his dream fulfilled. His bill for the creation of the Tennessee Valley Authority was passed, and t hen three years later, a great dam was com pleted and named in honor of Norris. There was a very definite need for the TVA. It was brought about by our very own shortsightedness, greed, and stupidityo For the first hundred years of the life of the United States, we had an unlimited supply of natural resources. All the vThi le we also had a widespread \vaste of them. -
TVA's Dams Provide Hydropower, Flood Control, Water Quality, Navigation
TVA’s dams provide hydropower, ood Catawba Rhododendron (Rhododendron catawbiense) control, water quality, navigation and ample Lexington Destination water supply for the Tennessee Valley. Did you know that they also provide fun? Come summer, TVA operates its dams to ll the reservoirs for recreation. Boating, shing, swimming, rafting and blueway paddling are all supported Bald Eagle KENTUCKY by TVA with boat ramps, swim beaches and put ins. There are plenty of hiking (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) and biking trails, picnic pavilions, playgrounds, campsites, scenic overlooks SOUTH and other day-use areas, too. So plan a TVA vacation this year—you’re sure HO W.V. ILLINOIS LSTON 77 to have a dam good time. o R i v i e Rainbow Trout South Holston Dam - 1951 h r (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Because of its depth and clarity, South Holston Lake is a O FORT premier destination for inland scuba diving. The aerating Paducah PATRICK weir below the dam has many benets—among them NRY creating an oxygen-rich environment that’s fostered a HE world-class trout shery. ORRIS 75 MISSOURI N Hopkinsville 65 Kentucky – 1944 24 Norris - 1936 CKY Norris Dam—the rst built by a newly VIRGINIA KENTU Around Kentucky Lake there are Ft. Patrick Henry - 1953 55 formed TVA—is known for its many Fort Patrick Henry Dam is an ideal shing over 12,000 acres of state wildlife hiking and biking trails. The Norris River management areas, that offer small destination. The reservoir is stocked with rainbow Bluff Trail is a must-see destination for trout each year, and is also good for hooking and large game and waterfowl wildower enthusiasts each spring. -
Wolf Creek Dam (Lake Cumberland) Reconnaissance–Level Evaluation of Dissolved Oxygen Improvement Study
Wolf Creek Dam (Lake Cumberland) Reconnaissance–Level Evaluation of Dissolved Oxygen Improvement Study Section 1. Introduction. The purpose of this evaluation is to identify, compare and assess the costs of various technologies available to improve dissolved oxygen (DO) levels in hydropower discharges from Wolf Creek Dam (WOL). In 2017, the Southeastern Power Administration (SEPA) and other hydropower stakeholders requested that the Corps consider installation of technologies, such as oxygen diffusers, to prevent hydropower revenues lost through water releases via sluice and orifice gates during seasonal periods of poor water quality. Wolf Creek Dam is located at Cumberland River mile 460.9 in south central Kentucky with a vicinity map shown in Figure 1. The dam is 258 feet (ft) high and consists of a combination earth fill and concrete structure totaling 5,736 feet long. Wolf Creek powerhouse has six 45- megawatt (MW) turbines, for a total (non-overload) capacity of 270-MW. US Highway 127 currently crosses the crest of the dam but is expected to be relocated in the near future. Lake Cumberland, created by the dam, impounds 6,089,000 acre-feet (ac-ft) at the top of the Flood Control Pool elevation of 760 ft (National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929). All project uses except flood control, are drawn from the power pool located between elevations 673 ft and 723 ft. Under normal operations, summer pool elevation of 723 ft and is targeted in mid-May and held until mid-June. The lake is then gradually drawn down to reach the targeted winter pool elevation of 695 ft by January. -
TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHORITY Our History
oTENNESSEEur h VALLEYist AUTHORITYory Norris Dam Construction near Norris, Tenn., June 1935 The Great Depression caused suffering across the United States. In the Tennessee Valley, families struggled to survive. Conditions were bad nationally, but they were worse in the Severe erosion near Knoxville, Tenn., February 1939 Tennessee Valley. The Tennessee River and its tributaries were a source of flooding year after year, wiping out homes and businesses. Due to river hazards and the shallow channel, the entire length of the River could not be traveled, making it hard to valley hardships move and sell goods. Primitive farming practices resulted in depleted soil as well as soil erosion. Only three farms in 100 had electricity. Fires burned 10 Mother and children living in one-hundred-year- old- farmhouse, percent of the region’s woodlands every year, and poor logging Loyston, Tenn., Oct. 1933 practices had nearly stripped forests of their once plentiful trees. The Tennessee Valley Authority was founded to help the hard-hit Tennessee Valley, where it was tasked with improving the quality of life in the region. Girl pumping water in east Tenn., Flooding of Tennessee River at Paducah, Children in north Alabama, March 1938 January 1934 Kent., May 1935 1 History of TVA History of TVA 2 The Tennessee Valley Authority was one of President Franklin Roosevelt’s most original and creative ideas. He knew his innovative solution could help the people of the Valley. Wilson Dam, located in north Ala., spilling water, Jan. 1934 Roosevelt envisioned TVA as a totally different kind of agency. He asked Congress to create “a corporation clothed with the power of government but possessed of the flexibility and initiative of a private 1933-1940 enterprise.” On May 18, 1933, Congress passed the TVA Act. -
TVA Reservoir Aeration Diffuser System
Technical Paper 97-3 Presented at WaterPower ‘97 August 5-8, 1997, Atlanta, Georgia TVA Reservoir Aeration Diffuser System Mark H. Mobley1 Abstract The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) has developed an efficient and economical aeration diffuser design that has been installed and operated successfully at six TVA hydropower projects, one TVA nuclear plant and two non-power reservoirs. The line diffuser design transfers oxygen efficiently, and minimizes temperature destratification and sediment disruption by spreading the gas bubbles over a very large area in the reservoir. TVA test results have consistently indicated oxygen transfer efficiencies of 90 to 95 percent. The line diffusers are installed from the surface and can be retrieved if necessary for maintenance without the use of divers. The diffusers can be supplied with air or with oxygen, either from a bulk liquid oxygen storage tank, an onsite air separation plant, or air compressors. A line diffuser system can be designed to continuously aerate a large volume in the reservoir to handle peaking hydroturbine flows. Aeration within the reservoir can be an economical means to meet dissolved oxygen requirements for hydropower releases. Introduction The dissolved oxygen content of reservoir releases has become a problem for hydropower projects. Many FERC licenses now include minimum dissolved oxygen requirements. TVA has just completed the Lake Improvement Plan, a five- year, voluntary program that included developing and installing equipment to meet target levels of dissolved oxygen and minimum flow at 16 TVA hydropower projects. TVA now maintains target levels of dissolved oxygen and minimum flow at all of its 28 hydropower projects. -
4. Lights Across the Countryside: the Tennessee Valley Authority
fdr4freedoms 1 4. Lights Across the Countryside: The Tennessee Valley Authority When Franklin D. Roosevelt assumed the presidency, a huge part of the upper South was trapped in an almost medieval poverty. For decades the Tennessee River Valley’s desperately poor farmers had struggled to eke out a living from barren farmland. More than two-thirds could not read or write. Fewer than one in ten of their homes had electricity. The unnavigable Tennessee River routinely flooded its banks, destroying crops and damaging homes. Malaria affected 30 percent of Tennessee River Valley residents. This underdeveloped forty-one-thousand-square-mile river basin would be the site of the federal government’s first major effort to bring electricity to rural America—the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), established in the first hundred days of FDR’s New Deal. By 1934 the TVA’s system of hydroelectric dams and wires was turning on lights in the Tennessee River area. The largest public power company in the United States even today, the TVA was a boon to Southern farms. It increased demand for electricity across the American countryside—and inspired FDR’s 1935 creation of the Rural Electrification Administration (REA) “to carry electricity to as many farms as possible in the shortest possible time and have it used in quantities sufficient to affect rural life.” The REA’s seed loans helped local governments and nonprofits assemble and operate a rural power grid to distribute electricity to even the most isolated farmsteads. By the 1950s, nearly all Americans had access to electricity. It all started at a place called Muscle Shoals, a stretch of treacherous rapids along the Tennessee River in northeastern Alabama. -
Educational and Promotional Films
LEAVE BLANK REQUEST FOR RECORDS DISPOSITION AUTHORITY • JOB NO (See Instructions on reverse) iJ I --/Lfl- ~~1'~(p TO: GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION DATE RECEIVEO NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS SERVICE, WASHINGTON, DC 20408 /t-/It; - ff' 1. F ROM (A,~nc)' or ~atabli'hment) NOTIFICATION TO AGENCY Tennessee Valley Authority In accordance with the provisions of 44 U.S.C. 3303a 2. MAJOR SUBDIVISION the disposal request. including amendments. is approved Governmental and Public Affairs except for Items that may be marked "disposition not approved" or "withdrawn" in column 10. If no records 3. MINOR SUBOIVISION are proposed for dlsoosal. the signature of the Archivist is Media Relations not required. 4, NAME OF PERSONWITH WHOM TO CONFER 5, TELEPHONE EXT. ARCHIVIST OF THE UNITED STATES _~C~ C Ronald E. Brewer 615/751-2520 Z ;:;D ~~ 10 6. CERTIFICATE OF AGENCY REPRESENTATIVE I I hereby certify that I am authorized to act for this agency in matters pertaining to the disposal of the agency's records; that the records proposed for disposal in this Request of page(s) are not now needed for the businessof this agency or will not be needed after the retention periods specified; and that written concurrence from the General Accounting Office, if required under the provisions of Title 8 of the GAO Manual for Guidance of Federal Agencies, is attached. A. GAO concurrence: D is attached; or [!] is unnecessary. B. DATE C. SIGNATURE OF AGENCY REPRESENTATIVE D. TITLE Assistant TVA Archivist 9. GRS OR 10. ACTION SUPERSEDED TAKEN ITEM (With Inc/u.ive Datet or RetenHon Period.) JOB (NARSUSE NO. -
The French Broad River Paddle Pointers Be a Good
BE A GOOD STEWARD PADDLE POINTERS The French Broad River is known for its clean water and Follow these 12 tips to help keep your next paddle trip safe: pristine rural shorelines. Here’s how you can play a part in keeping the river beautiful: Know Your Limits—Paddle water that is appropriate to your skills. Not sure about • Stay on the path. Shorelines are fragile ecosystems; where to find it? Talk to a local paddle shop owner about good places to paddle please restrict launching and landing to designated for every skill level. areas only. Keep an Eye on the Weather—Storms can spring up quickly in the south bringing • Leave no trace behind. No littering—whatever you lightning, high winds and choppy water. Point your bow toward shore whenever ON THE FRENCH BROAD RIVER pack in, pack out. you hear thunder, no matter how distant. • Look, don’t touch. Do not disturb any natural or cultural Whether you are stepping into your boat resources you may encounter. or board for the first time or have logged Follow the Law for recreational vessels of the United States. • Respect private property. Do not trespass above the high water mark. enough hours on the water to rival • Be a happy camper. Camp only in designated areas. Bring Flotation—Always wear a Coast Guard-approved lifejacket, type the guides in the Valley, having a little • Don’t play with fire. No campfires unless otherwise stated. two or three at minimum. Children under 12 years of age must back-pocket information is key. -
In 1996, the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) Completed a Five
OVERVIEW OF RESERVOIR RELEASE IMPROVEMENTS AT 20 TVA DAMS By John M. Higgins,1 Member, ASCE, and W. Gary Brock2 ABSTRACT: In 1987, the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) authorized a com- prehensive review of reservoir operating priorities that had been followed since 1933. The purpose was to ensure optimum operation of the reservoir system, rec- ognizing that needs, demands, and values change over time. The review resulted in a ®ve-year, $50 million program to improve the quantity and quality of releases from 20 dams in the Tennessee Valley. TVA worked with state and federal resource agencies to de®ne minimum ¯ow and dissolved oxygen targets for each tailwater. Facilities and operating procedures were designed and installed to meet the target conditions. This paper describes the facilities, operating procedures, and perfor- mance of the reservoir release improvements. Alternative approaches, monitoring requirements, operational problems, and costs are discussed. Results from four years of operation are presented. INTRODUCTION In 1996, the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) completed a ®ve-year, $50 million program to improve the quantity and quality of releases from 20 dams in the Tennessee Valley. Prior to the program, over 500 km of tailwaters were being adversely impacted by reservoir releases. Hydropower operations re- sulted in periods of zero ¯ow below some dams. Thermal reservoir strati®- cation resulted in the release of water low in dissolved oxygen (DO), affecting downstream water quality, aquatic habitat, recreation, and waste assimilation. To improve the releases, TVA worked with resource agencies and nongov- ernmental organizations to de®ne minimum ¯ow and dissolved oxygen tar- gets. -
Federal Register/Vol. 81, No. 169/Wednesday, August 31, 2016
59846 Federal Register / Vol. 81, No. 169 / Wednesday, August 31, 2016 / Rules and Regulations annual fee, and each person excepted II. Background impoundments, interbasin transfers and from paying an annual fee under Section 26a of the TVA Act requires certain water intakes. TVA will § 310.4(b)(1)(iii)(B), will be provided a that TVA’s approval be obtained prior to continue to require approval of these unique account number that will allow the construction, operation, or and other obstructions not set forth in that person to access the registry data maintenance of any dam, appurtenant Section III of this Interpretive Rule, for the selected area codes at any time works, or other obstruction affecting when located across, along, or in an for the twelve month period beginning navigation, flood control, or public upstream tributary reach. on the first day of the month in which lands or reservations across, along, or in The Tennessee River has a 41,000- the person paid the fee (‘‘the annual the Tennessee River or any of its square-mile drainage basin. Thousands period’’). To obtain access to additional tributaries. 16 U.S.C. 831y–1 (2012). of miles of upstream tributary reaches area codes of data during the first six TVA’s rules governing such approval ultimately flow into the Tennessee months of the annual period, each are codified at 18 CFR part 1304. The River, making it impractical to identify person required to pay the fee under rules include a permitting process each upstream tributary reach in this paragraph (c) must first pay $61 for each whereby applicants may request from rule. -
County, City of Knoxville, and Town of Farragut Multi-Jurisdictional Local Hazard Mitigation Plan
Knox County, City of Knoxville, and Town of Farragut Multi-Jurisdictional Local Hazard Mitigation Plan September 2011 Developed by Knox County, City of Knoxville, and Town of Farragut with professional planning assistance from AMEC Earth and Environmental, Homeland Security, and Emergency Management SPECIAL THANKS AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Knox County Hazard Mitigation Planning Committee Name Representing Jon Livengood City of Knoxville Chad Weth City of Knoxville Lisa Hatfield City of Knoxville Bruce Giles First Utility District Craig Mayes First Utility District Billie Spicuzza KCDC Garrett McKinney KGIS Keith Stump KGIS Ellen Jenny Knox County Air Quality Roy Braden Knox County Code Administration John Sexton Knox County Engineering Eddy Roberts Knox County Engineering/Stormwater Larry Hutsell Knox County Health Department Eric Hahn Knox County Parks/Rec Craig Leuthold Knox County Property Assessor Janet Drumheller Knox County Public Library Jerry Harnish Knox County Rural/Metro Fire Department Robert B. Sexton Knox County Sheriff Michael Hamrick Knox County Stormwater Chris Granju Knox County Stormwater Alan Lawson Knox EMA Roger Byrd Knoxville Fire Department Nate Allen Knoxville Fire Department Mark Donaldson Knoxville-Knox County MPC Kim Sepesi Rural Metro Jim Carico Rural Metro Daniel Johnson Rural/Metro - Town of Farragut Dennis Rowe Rural/Metro EMS Pete Lemiszki TDEC-Geology Division Darryl Smith Town of Farragut Chris Jenkins Town of Farragut Sue Stuhl Town of Farragut Ruth Hawk Town of Farragut Elliott Sievers Town of Farragut Chris Butler and Cindy Popplewell, AMEC Earth and Environmental Knox County, Tennessee i Multi-Jurisdictional Local Hazard Mitigation Plan September 2011 TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary ................................................................................. iv Prerequisites ............................................................................................ vi Chapters 1 Introduction and Planning Process ..................................................