DOCSLIB.ORG

Conservation Needs and Strategies

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Conservation Needs and Strategies Cetaceans of the Mediterranean and Black Seas: State of Knowledge and Conservation Strategies SECTION 18 Conservation Needs and Strategies Giuseppe Notarbartolo di Sciara1 and Alexei Birkun, Jr.2 1Istituto Centrale per la Ricerca Applicata al Mare, via di Casalotti 300, 00166 Roma, Italy - [email protected] 2Laboratory of Ecology and Experimental Pathology, S.I. Georgievsky Crimean State Medical University, Lenin Boulevard 5/7, Simferopol, Crimea 95006, Ukraine - [email protected] To be cited as: Notarbartolo di Sciara G., Birkun A., Jr. 2002. Conservation needs and strategies. In: G. Notarbartolo di Sciara (Ed.), Cetaceans of the Mediterranean and Black Seas: state of knowledge and conservation strategies. A report to the ACCOBAMS Secretariat, Monaco, February 2002. Section 18, 21 p. A Report to the ACCOBAMS Interim Secretariat Monaco, February 2002 With the financial support of Coopération Internationale pour l’Environnement et le Développement, Principauté de Monaco GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS the Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats (the Bern Conven- tion); the Barcelona Convention (which includes, This section of the report is conceived to pro- among others, a Protocol concerning Specially vide baseline information needed by managers Protected Areas of Mediterranean Importance and decision makers in the process of devising and Biological Diversity containing precise obli- and implementing policies and strategies to en- gations for the Contracting Parties); the Conven- sure cetacean conservation and, wherever neces- tion on the Protection of the Black Sea against sary, recovery in the Mediterranean and Black Pollution (Bucharest Convention); the Conven- Seas. tion on Biological Diversity (CBD); the World Policies should be developed to form a basis Heritage Convention; and the Convention on the for the management of human activities affecting, Regulation of Whaling. In particular, as far as or likely to affect, cetaceans in the Agreement the Black Sea is concerned, all governments of area. Such policies will: the riparian countries have adopted a “Strategic provide the appropriate framework for the Action Plan for the Rehabilitation and Protection development of remedial measures, guide- of the Black Sea” (Istanbul, 1996) which pro- lines and codes of conduct to regulate or motes concerted policy actions aimed to the re- manage human activities impacting on ceta- duction of pollution, the management of living ceans; resources, and the sustainable human develop- give priority to conserving those species or ment in the subregion. The box below contains a populations identified as having the least fa- quotation from that document (Section “Biolo- vourable conservation status; gical diversity protection”, Paragraph 62) de- voted to special measures for Black Sea marine stimulate the undertaking of research in areas mammals conservation. or for species for which there is a dearth of A number of different strategies aimed at the data; achievement and maintenance of the favourable indicate the need for impact assessments to conservation status of cetaceans in the Agree- provide a basis for either allowing or prohib- ment area are discussed in the following sections, iting the continuation or the future develop- as outlined in the Conservation Plan (Annex 2 of ment of activities that may affect cetaceans the Agreement). These include: or their habitat in the Agreement area, includ- 1. managing human activities (including fisher- ing fisheries, vessel traffic, military opera- ies, vessel traffic, whale watching, and ac- tions, offshore exploration and exploitation, tivities that cause cetacean habitat degrada- nautical sports, tourism and whale watching; tion and loss) to mitigate negative impacts establish the conditions under which such ac- on cetaceans; tivities may be conducted. 2. granting special protection to areas contain- In implementing these policies it will be par- ing critical cetacean habitats; ticularly important to take into account and act 3. undertaking targeted research and monitor- synergistically with other bodies playing a role in ing programmes; cetacean conservation. These include: (a) na- 4. providing for timely responses to emergency tional governments that are already actively en- situations; deavouring in cetacean conservation policies and 5. promotion of training, education and aware- measures, (b) non-governmental organisations ness programmes; that are active in the field of marine protection, 6. finally, with a special consideration for the and (c) international agreements and conventions. complex and different weight of the various Of these, the following are particularly relevant factors impacting on the different species to the issue of cetacean conservation: the parent present in the Agreement area (Table 17.1, convention to ACCOBAMS, the Convention on Section 17), a number of actions are pro- Migratory Species (CMS, the Bonn Convention); posed as having priority importance in the the Convention on International Trade in Endan- coming years. gered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES); Cetaceans of the Mediterranean and Black Seas – 18.2 Strategic Action Plan for the Rehabilitation and Protection of the Black Sea (Adopted by the Ministers of Environment on behalf of Bulgaria, Georgia, Romania, Russia, Turkey and Ukraine, Istanbul, 31 October 1996) Paragraph 62. With the aim of restoring populations of marine mammals, the following measures shall be taken: a) A ban on the hunting of marine mammals will be enforced by all Black Sea states with immediate effect; b) Regular population assessments of marine mammals shall be conducted and the first assessment will be completed in 1998. It is advised that these assessments be coordinated by the Istanbul Commission, through its Advisory Group on the Conservation of Biological Diversity; c) The Centre for the Conservation of Biological Diversity in Butumi, Georgia, shall be provided with the necessary equipment in order to function as a regional rehabilitation centre for captive marine mammals; d) National centres and sanctuaries for the rehabilitation of marine mammals shall be strengthened; e) Consideration shall be given to modify fishing practices in order to avoid catching marine mam- mals, as by-catch, during normal operations. It is recommended that the Istanbul Commission, through its Advisory Groups on the Conservation of Biodiversity and its Interim Advisory Group on Fisheries, develop a strategy for the reduction of by-catches of marine mammals. MANAGING HUMAN ACTIVITIES TO not least as far as cetacean conservation is con- MINIMISE AND MITIGATE NEGATIVE cerned. Other policy aspects that would signifi- IMPACTS ON CETACEANS cantly benefit marine (and therefore cetacean) conservation in the Agreement area include the adoption, wherever possible, of a community- Article 2 of the Conservation Plan (Annex 2) based system of resource use, and of an ecosys- of the Agreement states: “Parties shall, in co- tem-based management approach. Furthermore, operation with relevant international organiza- the current lack of reliable, detailed and regularly tions, collect and analyse data on direct and in- updated information on fishery activities in the direct interactions between humans and cetace- Agreement area (including, among many other ans in relation to inter alia fishing, industrial and things, cetacean bycatch levels) is a major hin- touristic activities, and land-based and maritime drance to effective management (Caddy 1998). pollution. When necessary, Parties shall take ap- This would involve, among other things, the propriate remedial measures and shall develop promotion of co-ordinated, multidisciplinary re- guidelines and/or codes of conduct to regulate or search and monitoring to provide baseline bio- manage such activities.” The following sections logical information and to shed light onto ecosys- address in detail such recommendation. tem functioning. Fishery activities, being particularly intense in A. Mitigation of the negative effects of the Agreement area (see Section 4.4), may nega- interactions with fisheries tively affect cetacean survival in three main ways: (a) by causing mortality or damage through At the present moment, a system of fisheries accidental entanglement in active or discarded policy which is common to the entire region does fishing gear, (b) by subtracting prey through not exist. Rather, there is one policy common to overfishing, and (c) by causing direct mortality or the four EU member states, and separate policies damage through intentional kills deriving from for the remaining nations. Adopting a common competitive interactions (the use of cetacean policy on a basin-wide, or region-wide scale meat as fishing bait or as food being probably ir- would be highly desirable under many aspects, relevant in the area). These three main factors Cetaceans of the Mediterranean and Black Seas – 18.3 possess different modalities and dynamics and biology and behaviour of the cetacean species in- must be treated separately. volved (Reeves et al., in prep.). Time/area clo- Bycatch - One of the main problems in this sures are likely to be successful particularly when field is lack of reliable information. Data on ce- the bycatch problem is highly localised and pre- tacean bycatch is not collected on a regular basis dictable in time and space (Murray et al. 2000). in any fishery in the Agreement area, and too of- Encouraging alternative ways of fishing. This ten relevant knowledge is
Load more

Recommended publications
  • OOB of the Russian Fleet (Kommersant, 2008)
    The Entire Russian Fleet - Kommersant Moscow 21/03/08 09:18 $1 = 23.6781 RUR Moscow 28º F / -2º C €1 = 36.8739 RUR St.Petersburg 25º F / -4º C Search the Archives: >> Today is Mar. 21, 2008 11:14 AM (GMT +0300) Moscow Forum | Archive | Photo | Advertising | Subscribe | Search | PDA | RUS Politics Mar. 20, 2008 E-mail | Home The Entire Russian Fleet February 23rd is traditionally celebrated as the Soviet Army Day (now called the Homeland Defender’s Day), and few people remember that it is also the Day of Russia’s Navy. To compensate for this apparent injustice, Kommersant Vlast analytical weekly has compiled The Entire Russian Fleet directory. It is especially topical since even Russia’s Commander-in-Chief compared himself to a slave on the galleys a week ago. The directory lists all 238 battle ships and submarines of Russia’s Naval Fleet, with their board numbers, year of entering service, name and rank of their commanders. It also contains the data telling to which unit a ship or a submarine belongs. For first-class ships, there are schemes and tactic-technical characteristics. So detailed data on all Russian Navy vessels, from missile cruisers to base type trawlers, is for the first time compiled in one directory, making it unique in the range and amount of information it covers. The Entire Russian Fleet carries on the series of publications devoted to Russia’s armed forces. Vlast has already published similar directories about the Russian Army (#17-18 in 2002, #18 in 2003, and #7 in 2005) and Russia’s military bases (#19 in 2007).
    [Show full text]
  • City of Republican Significance. Number of Residents, Thousand People: 379.5 Total Area, Sq
    CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CITY STATUS: CITY OF REPUBLICAN SIGNIFICANCE. NUMBER OF RESIDENTS, THOUSAND PEOPLE: 379.5 TOTAL AREA, SQ. KM: 1079.6; (by land: 863.5 sq. km) DENSITY OF POPULATION (persons per 1 sq. km): 439 TOTAL NUMBER OF SETTLEMENTS: 29 The city of Sevastopol is an administrative and territorial unit of Ukraine with a special status, which includes four districts (Leninskyy, Nakhimoskyy, Balaklavskyy, and Gagarinskyy), city of Inkerman (city of district significance), and 29 villages and settlements. Sevastopol is one of the biggest non-freezing commercial and fishing seaports. It is an industrial, scientific, technical, recreational, cultural and historical center in the south of Ukraine. The city is situated in the south-western part of the Crimean peninsula on the same latitude as the Italian city of Milan and the French city of Lion. The distance from Sevastopol to Kyiv is 1,050 km, 1,500 km to Moscow, 85 km to Yalta, 490 km to Istanbul, 1,700 km to Rome, 2,100 to Marseille, 2,400 km to Paris, and 2,800 km to London. The Sevastopol region borders with the Bakhchysaray rayon in the north-east and with the Greater Yalta in the south-east. The region is washed by the warm waters of the Black Sea in the west and south. The total land area of the Sevastopol region constitutes 863.5 sq. km, of which 12% are inhabited, 29% are occupied by agricultiural lands, 41% are occupied by forests and noubtains, 25% are represented by the industrial and residential districts, and 6% (57 sq.
    [Show full text]
  • © Blackseavillas.Net 8 Primorska Street, 9600 Balchik, Bulgaria, Tel +359 579 77055, [email protected]
    8 Primorska Street, 9600 Balchik, Bulgaria, tel +359 579 77055, [email protected], www.blackseavillas.net Plot for sale in Varna, Bulgaria Large green plot few kilometers from a PRICE:4 995 € dam lake! distances ID:V010 Plot Varna 63 km Location: Varna airport: plot size: 1230 sq.m. Beach: 40 km in regulation view: street view Tenure: Freehold Septic tank Water Electricity Payment terms Reservation fee : 1000 Euro Non-refundable 1st installment : 30 % On signing Preliminary Contract 2nd installment : 70 % On transferring of ownership GENERAL INFORMATION Large green plot few kilometers from a dam lake! Building plot for sale, in the village of Tsonevo. Large enough to accommodate a small villa, and why not a swimming pool, it is located a bit inland, but surely will catch your attention with its low price. Perfect size for a new home - 1230 sqm. There is no elevation; the land is flat – ideal for planning and building. © Blackseavillas.net 8 Primorska Street, 9600 Balchik, Bulgaria, tel +359 579 77055, [email protected], www.blackseavillas.net LOCATION AND LOCAL ATTRACTIONS Village of Tsnevo is located 63 kms from Varna International Airport, and 40 kms to the nearest beach resort – Shkorpilovtsi. It has preserved the natural beauty and the long sandy beaches unspoilt. Neaby the village, only a kilometer away, is the Tsonevo dam, a great opportunity for all fishing lovers. It is the third biggest dam in Bulgaria, spread on 17 300 000 sq. m. water surface. The river passing through is Luda Kamchia. Tsonevo dam lake is located in the river valley of Luda Kamchia river, just about a kilometer from Tsonevo village.
    [Show full text]
  • Second Contribution to the Vascular Flora of the Sevastopol Area
    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Wulfenia Jahr/Year: 2015 Band/Volume: 22 Autor(en)/Author(s): Seregin Alexey P., Yevseyenkow Pavel E., Svirin Sergey A., Fateryga Alexander Artikel/Article: Second contribution to the vascular flora of the Sevastopol area (the Crimea) 33-82 © Landesmuseum für Kärnten; download www.landesmuseum.ktn.gv.at/wulfenia; www.zobodat.at Wulfenia 22 (2015): 33 – 82 Mitteilungen des Kärntner Botanikzentrums Klagenfurt Second contribution to the vascular flora of the Sevastopol area (the Crimea) Alexey P. Seregin, Pavel E. Yevseyenkov, Sergey A. Svirin & Alexander V. Fateryga Summary: We report 323 new vascular plant species for the Sevastopol area, an administrative unit in the south-western Crimea. Records of 204 species are confirmed by herbarium specimens, 60 species have been reported recently in literature and 59 species have been either photographed or recorded in field in 2008 –2014. Seventeen species and nothospecies are new records for the Crimea: Bupleurum veronense, Lemna turionifera, Typha austro-orientalis, Tyrimnus leucographus, × Agrotrigia hajastanica, Arctium × ambiguum, A. × mixtum, Potamogeton × angustifolius, P. × salicifolius (natives and archaeophytes); Bupleurum baldense, Campsis radicans, Clematis orientalis, Corispermum hyssopifolium, Halimodendron halodendron, Sagina apetala, Solidago gigantea, Ulmus pumila (aliens). Recently discovered Calystegia soldanella which was considered to be extinct in the Crimea is the most important confirmation of historical records. The Sevastopol area is one of the most floristically diverse areas of Eastern Europe with 1859 currently known species. Keywords: Crimea, checklist, local flora, taxonomy, new records A checklist of vascular plants recorded in the Sevastopol area was published seven years ago (Seregin 2008).
    [Show full text]
  • BOURGAS LAST.Pmd
    WATERBIRDS OF BOURGAS WETLANDS RESULTS AND EVALUATION OF THE MONTHLY WATERBIRD MONITORING 1996 - 2002 Milko Dimitrov, Tanyo Michev, Lyubomir Profirov, Konstantin Nyagolov 1 WATERBIRDS OF BOURGAS WETLANDS 2 Milko Dimitrov, Tanyo Michev, Lyubomir Profirov, Konstantin Nyagolov WATERBIRDS OF BOURGAS WETLANDS RESULTS AND EVALUATION OF THE MONTHLY WATERBIRD MONITORING 1996 - 2002 Drawings Assen Ignatov Cover design Ivan Yanchev Editor of English Translation Vladimir Pomakov PENSOFT PUBLISHERS BULGARIAN BIODIVERSITY FOUNDATION BOURGAS WETLANDS PUBLICATION SERIES No 6 2005 3 WATERBIRDS OF BOURGAS WETLANDS WATERBIRDS OF BOURGAS WETLANDS Results and Evaluation of the Monthly Waterbird Monitoring 1996 - 2002 Milko Dimitrov, Tanyo Michev, Lyubomir Profirov, Konstantin Nyagolov We dedicate this book to Alexandur Prostov (1926 – 2000), born in Bourgas, who was one of the first to draw the attention of the Bulgarian public to the exceptional richness and diversity of the wildlife and especially the birds of Bourgas Lakes First published 2005 Pensoft Publishers ISBN 954-642-236-3 Pensoft Series Faunistica No 44 ISSN 1312-0174 Bulgarian Biodiversity Foundation ISBN 954-9959-33-3 This book was published with the financial support of the Swiss Agency for Development and Co-operation We recommend this book to be cited in the following way: Dimitrov, M., T. Michev, L. Profirov, K. Nyagolov. 2005. Waterbirds of Bourgas Wetlands. Results and Evaluation of the Monthly Waterbird Monitoring 1996-2002. Bulgarian Biodiversity Foundation and Pensoft Publishers, Sofia–Moscow, 160 pp. On the back cover: Sattelite photo of the region of Bourgas Bay (Original Data © ESA; 1992; Distributed by Eurimage) © PENSOFT Publishers All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, photo copying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner.
    [Show full text]
  • CRIMEAN ALBUM: Stories of Human Rights Defenders IRYNA VYRTOSU CRIMEAN ALBUM: STORIES of HUMAN RIGHTS DEFENDERS УДК 342.72/.73(477.75-074)(092) К82
    IRYNA VYRTOSU CRIMEAN ALBUM: Stories Of Human Rights Defenders IRYNA VYRTOSU CRIMEAN ALBUM: STORIES OF HUMAN RIGHTS DEFENDERS УДК 342.72/.73(477.75-074)(092) К82 Author of text: Iryna Vyrtosu. Editor and author of idea: Tetiana Pechonchyk. Production photographer: Valeriya Mezentseva. Photographers: Mykola Myrnyi, Iryna Kriklya, Olexiy Plisko, as well as photos from the personal archives of the heroes. Transcription of the interviews: Yana Khmelyuk. Translator: Olga Lobastova. Proofreader: Arthur Rogers. Design composition and layout: Pavlo Reznikov. I. Vyrtosu К82 Crimean Album: Stories of Human Rights Defenders / I. Vyrtosu; edit. Т. Pechonchyk; Human Rights Information Centre. – Kyiv: KBC, 2019. – 232 p. ISBN 978-966-2403-16-9 This book contains evidence and memories of Crimean human rights defenders including their work experience before and after the occupation. There are twenty personal stories about the past, present and future of people, who continue to fight for the protection of human rights in Crimea even after losing their home, as well as those, who oppose reprisals living under the occupation. These are stories of Olga Anoshkina, Eskender Bariyev, Mykhailo Batrak, Oleksandra Dvoretska, Abdureshyt Dzhepparov, Lilia Hemedzhy, Sergiy Zayets, Synaver Kadyrov, Emil Kurbedinov, Alyona Luniova, Roman Martynovsky, Ruslan Nechyporuk, Valentyna Potapova, Anna Rassamakhina, Daria Svyrydova, Olga Skrypnyk and Vissarion Aseyev, Iryna Sedova and Oleksandr Sedov, Tamila Tasheva, Maria Sulialina, Volodymyr Chekryhin. The book is intended
    [Show full text]
  • Crimea______9 3.1
    CONTENTS Page Page 1. Introduction _____________________________________ 4 6. Transport complex ______________________________ 35 1.1. Brief description of the region ______________________ 4 1.2. Geographical location ____________________________ 5 7. Communications ________________________________ 38 1.3. Historical background ____________________________ 6 1.4. Natural resource potential _________________________ 7 8. Industry _______________________________________ 41 2. Strategic priorities of development __________________ 8 9. Energy sector ___________________________________ 44 3. Economic review 10. Construction sector _____________________________ 46 of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea ________________ 9 3.1. The main indicators of socio-economic development ____ 9 11. Education and science ___________________________ 48 3.2. Budget _______________________________________ 18 3.3. International cooperation _________________________ 20 12. Culture and cultural heritage protection ___________ 50 3.4. Investment activity _____________________________ 21 3.5. Monetary market _______________________________ 22 13. Public health care ______________________________ 52 3.6. Innovation development __________________________ 23 14. Regions of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea _____ 54 4. Health-resort and tourism complex_________________ 24 5. Agro-industrial complex __________________________ 29 5.1. Agriculture ____________________________________ 29 5.2. Food industry __________________________________ 31 5.3. Land resources _________________________________
    [Show full text]
  • Directory of Azov-Black Sea Coastal Wetlands
    Directory of Azov-Black Sea Coastal Wetlands Kyiv–2003 Directory of Azov-Black Sea Coastal Wetlands: Revised and updated. — Kyiv: Wetlands International, 2003. — 235 pp., 81 maps. — ISBN 90 5882 9618 Published by the Black Sea Program of Wetlands International PO Box 82, Kiev-32, 01032, Ukraine E-mail: [email protected] Editor: Gennadiy Marushevsky Editing of English text: Rosie Ounsted Lay-out: Victor Melnychuk Photos on cover: Valeriy Siokhin, Vasiliy Kostyushin The presentation of material in this report and the geographical designations employed do not imply the expres- sion of any opinion whatsoever on the part of Wetlands International concerning the legal status of any coun- try, area or territory, or concerning the delimitation of its boundaries or frontiers. The publication is supported by Wetlands International through a grant from the Ministry of Agriculture, Nature Management and Fisheries of the Netherlands and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands (MATRA Fund/Programme International Nature Management) ISBN 90 5882 9618 Copyright © 2003 Wetlands International, Kyiv, Ukraine All rights reserved CONTENTS CONTENTS3 6 7 13 14 15 16 22 22 24 26 28 30 32 35 37 40 43 45 46 54 54 56 58 58 59 61 62 64 64 66 67 68 70 71 76 80 80 82 84 85 86 86 86 89 90 90 91 91 93 Contents 3 94 99 99 100 101 103 104 106 107 109 111 113 114 119 119 126 130 132 135 139 142 148 149 152 153 155 157 157 158 160 162 164 164 165 170 170 172 173 175 177 179 180 182 184 186 188 191 193 196 198 199 201 202 4 Directory of Azov-Black Sea Coastal Wetlands 203 204 207 208 209 210 212 214 214 216 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 230 232 233 Contents 5 EDITORIAL AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This Directory is based on the national reports prepared for the Wetlands International project ‘The Importance of Black Sea Coastal Wetlands in Particular for Migratory Waterbirds’, sponsored by the Netherlands Ministry of Agriculture, Nature Management and Fisheries.
    [Show full text]
  • Russia's Military – a Medium-Term Estimate FIRST DRAFT
    Russia’s Military – a medium‐term estimate FINAL DRAFT RUSSIA’S MILITARY A MEDIUM TERM ESTIMATE 1 Russia’s Military – a medium‐term estimate FINAL DRAFT 2 Russia’s Military – a medium‐term estimate FINAL DRAFT Introduction 5 Land Forces 10 Navy 32 Strategic Nuclear Weapons 44 Air Force 49 Defence Expenditure 59 3 Russia’s Military – a medium‐term estimate FINAL DRAFT 4 Russia’s Military – a medium‐term estimate FINAL DRAFT RUSSIA’S MILITARY A MEDIUM TERM ESTIMATE Introduction Ten years after the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Russian Federation has substantially reaffirmed its role of major power in the Euro Asiatic Continent. The process of disbandment of Soviet vestiges has not been easy. After seven decades of totalitarian rule and centralised economy, the whole social and political architecture governing the largest country in the world was totally inadequate to manage the revolutionary process set in motion by the last Soviet leader, Michael Gorbachev. As far as the international stature of the Soviet Union is concerned, this was largely determined by the huge dimension and capabilities of its armed forces. For almost the entire period of communist rule, Soviet leaders spared no efforts in order to increase the power of Soviet military. The gigantic effort for creating the most comprehensive and redundant military machine of the modern age involved the total mobilisation of national resources, both human and technological ones. The massive organisation of armed forces was fed by an equally enormous industrial complex, without any competitors in the world, as far as the output capacities were concerned.
    [Show full text]
  • Investigation of the Hydro-Meteorological Hazards Along the Bulgarian Coast of the Black Sea by Reconstructions of Historical Storms
    Journal of Environmental Protection and Ecology 16, No 3, 1005–1015 (2015) INVESTIGATION OF THE HYDRO-METEOROLOGICAL HAZARDS ALONG THE BULGARIAN COAST OF THE BLACK SEA BY RECONSTRUCTIONS OF HISTORICAL STORMS V. GALABOV*, A. KORTCHEVA, A. BOGATCHEV, B. TSENOVA National Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (NIMH- BAS), 66Tsarigrasko Shose, 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria E-mail: [email protected] Abstract. Information about the hydro-meteorological parameters during the extreme sea storms is of significant importance for the sustainable development in the context of flood risk for the coastal areas. Usually there is a lack of sufficiently long history of instrumental measurements of the extreme winds, waves and storm surges. Simulation of historical storms is an important tool to evaluate the potential coastal hazards. In the absence of measured data hindcasts can satisfy the need for historical data. The wave and storm-surge regional numerical simulations have been carried out for the ten most severe storms over the Bulgarian coast of the Black Sea from the period 1972-2012. The ERA-Interim and ERA-40 reanalysis of wind at 10 m and mean sea level pressure have been downscaled with a high resolution atmospheric model ALADIN to the horizontal and time scales suitable for precise evaluation of hydro-meteorological parameters during the storms. The downscaled fields of wind and sea level pressure have been used as input for the wave and storm surge models. Keywords: Black Sea, waves, storm surge, coastal hazards, storms. * For correspondence. AIMS AND BACKGROUND The strong winds, the high waves and sea level increase due to storm surges during the sea storms are major hazards for the coastal areas, causing coastal flooding, damage to the infrastructure, coastal morphodynamic changes and possible loss of human life.
    [Show full text]
  • Conservation and Protection of the Black Sea Biodiversity
    Conservation and Protection of the Black Sea Biodiversity Review of the existing and planned protected areas in the Black Sea (Bulgaria, Romania, Turkey) with a special focus on possible deficiencies regarding law enforcement and implementation of management plans EC DG Env. Project MISIS: No. 07.020400/2012/616044/SUB/D2 2012 This document has been prepared with the financial assistance of EC DG Environment. The views expressed herein can in no way be taken to reflect the official opinion of EC DG Environment. The opinions expressed are those of the authors. Any errors or omissions are responsibility of the authors and should be reported to them accordingly. Contact details for sending comments on the Report: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] For bibliographic purposes this document may be cited as: Begun T., Muresan M., Zaharia T., Dencheva K., Sezgin M., Bat L., Velikova V., 2012. Conservation and Protection of the Black Sea Biodiversity. Review of the existing and planned protected areas in the Black Sea (Bulgaria, Romania, Turkey) with a special focus on possible deficiencies regarding law enforcement and implementation of management plans. EC DG Env. MISIS Project Deliverables. www.misisproject.eu This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission from the authors, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. The authors would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this report as a source of information. 2 Table of Contents List of Tables ........................................................................................................................................... 5 List of Figures .......................................................................................................................................... 5 Acronyms and Abbreviations ..................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Species Composition of the Free Living Multicellular Invertebrate Animals
    Historia naturalis bulgarica, 21: 49-168, 2015 Species composition of the free living multicellular invertebrate animals (Metazoa: Invertebrata) from the Bulgarian sector of the Black Sea and the coastal brackish basins Zdravko Hubenov Abstract: A total of 19 types, 39 classes, 123 orders, 470 families and 1537 species are known from the Bulgarian Black Sea. They include 1054 species (68.6%) of marine and marine-brackish forms and 508 species (33.0%) of freshwater-brackish, freshwater and terrestrial forms, connected with water. Five types (Nematoda, Rotifera, Annelida, Arthropoda and Mollusca) have a high species richness (over 100 species). Of these, the richest in species are Arthropoda (802 species – 52.2%), Annelida (173 species – 11.2%) and Mollusca (152 species – 9.9%). The remaining 14 types include from 1 to 38 species. There are some well-studied regions (over 200 species recorded): first, the vicinity of Varna (601 spe- cies), where investigations continue for more than 100 years. The aquatory of the towns Nesebar, Pomorie, Burgas and Sozopol (220 to 274 species) and the region of Cape Kaliakra (230 species) are well-studied. Of the coastal basins most studied are the lakes Durankulak, Ezerets-Shabla, Beloslav, Varna, Pomorie, Atanasovsko, Burgas, Mandra and the firth of Ropotamo River (up to 100 species known). The vertical distribution has been analyzed for 800 species (75.9%) – marine and marine-brackish forms. The great number of species is found from 0 to 25 m on sand (396 species) and rocky (257 species) bottom. The groups of stenohypo- (52 species – 6.5%), stenoepi- (465 species – 58.1%), meso- (115 species – 14.4%) and eurybathic forms (168 species – 21.0%) are represented.
    [Show full text]