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Conservation and Protection of the Black Sea Biodiversity Review of the existing and planned protected areas in the Black Sea (Bulgaria, Romania, Turkey) with a special focus on possible deficiencies regarding law enforcement and implementation of management plans EC DG Env. Project MISIS: No. 07.020400/2012/616044/SUB/D2 2012 This document has been prepared with the financial assistance of EC DG Environment. The views expressed herein can in no way be taken to reflect the official opinion of EC DG Environment. The opinions expressed are those of the authors. Any errors or omissions are responsibility of the authors and should be reported to them accordingly. Contact details for sending comments on the Report: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] For bibliographic purposes this document may be cited as: Begun T., Muresan M., Zaharia T., Dencheva K., Sezgin M., Bat L., Velikova V., 2012. Conservation and Protection of the Black Sea Biodiversity. Review of the existing and planned protected areas in the Black Sea (Bulgaria, Romania, Turkey) with a special focus on possible deficiencies regarding law enforcement and implementation of management plans. EC DG Env. MISIS Project Deliverables. www.misisproject.eu This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission from the authors, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. The authors would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this report as a source of information. 2 Table of Contents List of Tables ........................................................................................................................................... 5 List of Figures .......................................................................................................................................... 5 Acronyms and Abbreviations ................................................................................................................... 6 Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................. 8 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................... 9 CBD, EU policy documents and Black Sea Biodiversity and Landscape Conservation Protocol to the Convention on the Protection of the Black Sea against Pollution ............................................................ 9 Alignment of national biodiversity strategies with EU ............................................................................. 21 MISIS Project Activity PA4.1: ................................................................................................................. 29 BULGARIA ............................................................................................................................................ 29 1. Legal/Policy Framework ................................................................................................................ 29 1.1. National Level ............................................................................................................................. 29 1.2. European Level........................................................................................................................... 31 1.3. International Cooperation/Agreements ....................................................................................... 32 2. Institutional Settings/Stakeholders ..................................................................................................... 33 ROMANIA .............................................................................................................................................. 34 1. Legal/Policy Framework ................................................................................................................ 34 1.1. National Level ............................................................................................................................. 34 1.2. European Level........................................................................................................................... 34 1.3. International Cooperation/Agreements ....................................................................................... 37 2. Institutional settings/Stakeholders ................................................................................................. 39 TURKEY ................................................................................................................................................ 40 1. Legal/Policy Framework ................................................................................................................ 40 1.1. National Level ............................................................................................................................. 40 1.2. European Level........................................................................................................................... 42 1.3. International Cooperation/Agreements ....................................................................................... 42 3 2. Institutional settings/Stakeholders ................................................................................................. 43 I. Review of the existing and planned protected areas in the Black Sea with a special focus on possible deficiencies regarding law enforcement and implementation of management plans ............................. 44 BULGARIA ............................................................................................................................................ 44 1. How MPAs are designated? .............................................................................................................. 44 2. Inventory of MPAs and availability of management plans, including their level of implementation .... 46 3. Recent developments, planned protected areas................................................................................ 55 Recently in the frames of a national project ―Extension of Natura 2000 Marine protected areas‖, lead by Valentina Todorova (IO-BAS, Varna), three proposals for new protected areas in accordance with the Council Directive 92/43/EEC (Habitat) were prepared. They are as follow: ................................. 56 4. Deficiencies in biodiversity conservation, MPAs identification, designation and management ...... 61 ROMANIA .............................................................................................................................................. 61 1. How MPAs are designated? .............................................................................................................. 61 2. Inventory of MPAs and availability of management plans, including their level of implementation .... 64 3. Recent developments, planned protected areas................................................................................ 76 Work is ongoing with regard to the collection of data for the establishment of special protection areas for birds. ................................................................................................................................................. 77 4. Deficiencies in biodiversity conservation, MPAs identification, designation and management .......... 77 TURKEY ................................................................................................................................................ 79 1. How MPAs are designated? .............................................................................................................. 79 2. Inventory of MPAs and availability of management plans, including their level of implementation .... 80 3. Recent developments, planned protected areas................................................................................ 81 4. Deficiencies in biodiversity conservation, MPAs identification, designation and management .......... 83 II. Needs in harmonization of policies required to identify, designate and manage MPAs in the Black Sea region ............................................................................................................................................. 86 III. Conclusions and Recommendations ............................................................................................. 90 4 List of Tables Table 1. Process and stress reduction indicators within the EcoQO 2: Conservation of Black Sea Biodiversity and Habitats (source: 2009 Black Sea Strategic Action Plan) ............................................ 20 Table 2. List of conventions dealing with biodiversity, nature protection and climate change ................ 37 Table 3. Register of the Bulgarian Black Sea protected areas designated under the national Protected Areas Act ............................................................................................................................................... 47 Table 4. List of the Marine Protected Areas in the Mediterranean Sea and their Constituting Legislations. ........................................................................................................................................... 79 List of Figures Figure 1. Black Sea Coastal (including Ramsar sites)/Marine Protected Areas reported to the BSC and UNEP-WCMC .......................................................................................................................................
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