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WATERBIRDS OF BOURGAS WETLANDS RESULTS AND EVALUATION OF THE MONTHLY WATERBIRD MONITORING 1996 - 2002 Milko Dimitrov, Tanyo Michev, Lyubomir Profirov, Konstantin Nyagolov 1 WATERBIRDS OF BOURGAS WETLANDS 2 Milko Dimitrov, Tanyo Michev, Lyubomir Profirov, Konstantin Nyagolov WATERBIRDS OF BOURGAS WETLANDS RESULTS AND EVALUATION OF THE MONTHLY WATERBIRD MONITORING 1996 - 2002 Drawings Assen Ignatov Cover design Ivan Yanchev Editor of English Translation Vladimir Pomakov PENSOFT PUBLISHERS BULGARIAN BIODIVERSITY FOUNDATION BOURGAS WETLANDS PUBLICATION SERIES No 6 2005 3 WATERBIRDS OF BOURGAS WETLANDS WATERBIRDS OF BOURGAS WETLANDS Results and Evaluation of the Monthly Waterbird Monitoring 1996 - 2002 Milko Dimitrov, Tanyo Michev, Lyubomir Profirov, Konstantin Nyagolov We dedicate this book to Alexandur Prostov (1926 – 2000), born in Bourgas, who was one of the first to draw the attention of the Bulgarian public to the exceptional richness and diversity of the wildlife and especially the birds of Bourgas Lakes First published 2005 Pensoft Publishers ISBN 954-642-236-3 Pensoft Series Faunistica No 44 ISSN 1312-0174 Bulgarian Biodiversity Foundation ISBN 954-9959-33-3 This book was published with the financial support of the Swiss Agency for Development and Co-operation We recommend this book to be cited in the following way: Dimitrov, M., T. Michev, L. Profirov, K. Nyagolov. 2005. Waterbirds of Bourgas Wetlands. Results and Evaluation of the Monthly Waterbird Monitoring 1996-2002. Bulgarian Biodiversity Foundation and Pensoft Publishers, Sofia–Moscow, 160 pp. On the back cover: Sattelite photo of the region of Bourgas Bay (Original Data © ESA; 1992; Distributed by Eurimage) © PENSOFT Publishers All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, photo copying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner. PENSOFT Publishers [email protected] www.pensoft.net Printed in Bulgaria, June 2005 4 Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .................................. 8 4.27. Black Stork – Ciconia nigra .................... 40 GLOSSARY & ABBREVIATIONS ...................... 9 4.28. White Stork – Ciconia ciconia ................ 40 4.29. Glossy Ibis – Plegadis falcinellus ........... 40 4.30. (Eurasian) Spoonbill – 1. INTRODUCTION ............................................. 10 Platalea leucorodia .................................. 42 4.31. (Greater) Flamingo – 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS ......................... 12 Phoenicopterus ruber .............................. 43 4.32. Mute Swan – Cygnus olor ....................... 43 3. A BRIEF PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF 4.33. Tundra Swan – Cygnus columbianus ..... 44 THE WETLANDS AROUND BOURGAS ........ 14 4.34. Whooper Swan – Cygnus cygnus ........... 45 4.35. Bean Goose – Anser fabalis .................. 45 3.1. Complex Pomoriysko Ezero ..................... 15 4.36. (Greater) White-fronted Goose – 3.2. Complex Atanasovsko Ezero .................... 16 Anser albifrons ........................................ 45 3.3. Complex Ezero Vaya ................................ 18 4.37. Lesser White-fronted Goose – 3.4. Complex Mandrensko Ezero .................... 19 Anser erythropus ..................................... 46 4.38. Greylag Goose – Anser anser ................ 47 4. SPECIES ACCOUNTS .................................... 23 4.39. Snow Goose – Anser caerulescens ....... 47 4.1. Red-throated Diver – Gavia stellata .......... 23 4.40. Barnacle Goose – Branta leucopsis ....... 47 4.2. Black-throated Diver – Gavia arctica ........ 23 4.41. Brent Goose – Branta bernicla ............... 47 4.3. Great Northern Diver – Gavia immer ......... 24 4.42. Red-breasted Goose – Branta ruficollis .... 47 4.4. Little Grebe – Tachybaptus ruficollis ........ 24 4.43. Ruddy Shelduck – Tadorna ferruginea .... 48 4.5. (Great) Crested Grebe – 4.44. (Common) Shelduck – Tadorna tadorna ... 49 Podiceps cristatus .................................. 24 4.45. (Eurasian) Wigeon – Anas penelope ...... 50 4.6. Red-necked Grebe – 4.46. Gadwall – Anas strepera ........................ 51 Podiceps grisegena ................................. 25 4.47. Teal – Anas crecca ................................. 52 4.7. (Horned) Slavonian Grebe – 4.48. Mallard – Anas platyrhynchos ................. 53 Podiceps auritus ..................................... 26 4.49. (Northern) Pintail – Anas acuta .............. 54 4.8. Black-necked Grebe – 4.50. Garganey – Anas querquedula ............... 55 Podiceps nigricollis ................................. 26 4.51. (Northern) Shoveler – Anas clypeata....... 56 4.9. Yelkouan Shearwater – 4.52. Marbled Duck – Puffinus yelkouan ................................... 27 Marmaronetta angustirostris .................... 57 4.10. (Northern) Gannet – Morus bassanus ..... 27 4.53. Red-crested Pochard – Netta rufina ....... 57 4.11. (Great) Cormorant – 4.54. (Common) Pochard – Aythya ferina ........ 57 Phalacrocorax carbo ............................... 27 4.55. Ferruginous Duck – Aythya nyroca ......... 58 4.12. (European) Shag – Phalacrocorax 4.56. Tufted Duck – Aythya fuligula ................. 59 aristotelis ................................................ 28 4.57. (Greater) Scaup – Aythya marila............. 60 4.13. Pygmy Cormorant – Phalacrocorax 4.58. (Common) Eider – pygmeus .................................................. 28 Somateria mollissima .............................. 60 4.14. (Great) White Pelican – Pelecanus 4.59. Long-tailed Duck – Clangula hyemalis .... 60 onocrotalus ............................................. 30 4.60. Common Scoter – Melanitta nigra .......... 60 4.15. Dalmatian Pelican – Pelecanus crispus .. 31 4.61. Velvet Scoter – Melanitta fusca .............. 60 4.16. (Great) Bittern – Botaurus stellaris ......... 31 4.62. (Common) Goldeneye – 4.17. Little Bittern – Ixobrychus minutus ......... 32 Bucephala clangula ................................ 61 4.18. (Black-crowned) Night Heron – 4.63. Smew – Mergus albellus ........................ 61 Nycticorax nycticorax .............................. 32 4.64. Red-breasted Merganser – 4.19. Squacco Heron – Ardeola ralloides ........ 34 Mergus serrator ....................................... 62 4.20. Cattle Egret – Bubulcus ibis .................. 34 4.65. Goosander – Mergus merganser ............. 62 4.21. (Western) Reef Egret – Egretta gularis ... 35 4.66. White-headed Duck – 4.22. Little Egret – Egretta garzetta ................ 35 Oxyura leucocephala ................................ 63 4.23. (Great) Egret – Egretta alba ................... 36 4.67. Water Rail – Rallus aquaticus ................ 63 4.24. Grey Heron – Ardea cinerea ................... 37 4.68. Spotted Crake – Porzana porzana .......... 64 4.25. Purple Heron – Ardea purpurea .............. 38 4.69. Little Crake – Porzana parva .................. 64 4.26. Yellow-billed Stork – Mycteria ibis .......... 40 4.70. Baillon’s Crake – Porzana pusilla ........... 64 5 WATERBIRDS OF BOURGAS WETLANDS 4.71. (Common) Moorhen – 4.110. Whimbrel – Numenius phaeopus .......... 81 Gallinula chloropus .................................. 64 4.111. Slender-billed Curlew – 4.72. (Eurasian) Coot – Fulica atra .................. 64 Numenius tenuirostris ............................. 82 4.73. (Common) Crane – Grus grus ................. 65 4.112. (Eurasian) Curlew – Numenius arquata .. 82 4.74. Demoiselle Crane – 4.113. Spotted Redshank – Antrhropoides virgo ................................. 65 Tringa erythropus ..................................... 83 4.75. (Eurasian) Oystercatcher – 4.114. (Common) Redshank – Tringa totanus ... 83 Haematopus ostralegus .......................... 66 4.115. Marsh Sandpiper – Tringa stagnatilis .... 84 4.76. Black-winged Stilt – Himantopus 4.116. (Common) Greenshank – himantopus ............................................. 66 Tringa nebularia ....................................... 85 4.77. (Pied) Avocet – Recurvirostra avosetta ... 67 4.117. Green Sandpiper – Tringa ochropus ...... 86 4.78. Stone Curlew – Burhinus oedicnemus .... 69 4.118. Wood Sandpiper – Tringa glareola ........ 86 4.79. Collared Pratincole – 4.119. Terek Sandpiper – Xenus cinereus ....... 87 Glareola pratincola .................................. 69 4.120. Common Sandpiper – 4.80. Black-winged Pratincole – Actitis hypoleucos .................................. 87 Glareola nordmanni ................................. 69 4.121. (Ruddy) Turnstone – 4.81. Little Ringed Plover – Arenaria interpres .................................... 87 Charadrius dubius ................................... 70 4.122. Red-necked Phalarope – 4.82. (Common) Ringed Plover – Phalaropus lobatus ................................. 88 Charadrius hiaticula ................................. 70 4.123. (Grey) Red Phalarope – 4.83. Kentish Plover – Phalaropus fulicarius ................................ 88 Charadrius alexandrinus .......................... 71 4.124. Pomarine Skua – 4.84. (Greater) Sand Plover – Stercorarius pomarinus ........................... 88 Charadrius leschenaultii .......................... 72 4.125. Arctic Skua – 4.85. Caspian Plover – Charadrius asiaticus ... 72 Stercorarius parasiticus .......................... 88 4.86. (Eurasian) Dotterel – 4.126. Long-tailed Skua – Stercorarius Charadrius morinellus .............................. 72 longicaudus ............................................. 89 4.87. (European) Golden Plover – 4.127. Great Skua – Catharacta