Tales from the Decameron
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TRECENTO FRAGMENTS M Ichael Scott Cuthbert to the Department Of
T R E C E N T O F R A G M E N T S A N D P O L Y P H O N Y B E Y O N D T H E C O D E X a thesis presented by M ichael Scott Cuthbert t the Depart!ent " M#si$ in partia% "#%"i%%!ent " the re&#ire!ents " r the de'ree " D $t r " Phi% s phy in the s#b(e$t " M#si$ H ar)ard * ni)ersity Ca!brid'e+ Massa$h#setts A#'#st ,--. / ,--.+ Mi$hae% S$ tt C#thbert A%% ri'hts reser)ed0 Pr "0 Th !as F rrest 1 e%%y+ advisor Mi$hae% S$ tt C#thbert Tre$ent Fra'!ents and P %yph ny Bey nd the C de2 Abstract This thesis see3s t #nderstand h 4 !#si$ s #nded and "#n$ti ned in the 5ta%ian tre6 $ent based n an e2a!inati n " a%% the s#r)i)in' s #r$es+ rather than n%y the ! st $ !6 p%ete0 A !a( rity " s#r)i)in' s #r$es " 5ta%ian p %yph ni$ !#si$ "r ! the peri d 788-9 7:,- are "ra'!ents; ! st+ the re!nants " % st !an#s$ripts0 Despite their n#!eri$a% d !i6 nan$e+ !#si$ s$h %arship has )ie4 ed these s #r$es as se$ ndary <and "ten ne'%e$ted the! a%t 'ether= " $#sin' instead n the "e4 %ar'e+ retr spe$ti)e+ and pred !inant%y se$#%ar $ di6 $es 4 hi$h !ain%y ri'inated in the F% rentine rbit0 C nne$ti ns a! n' !an#s$ripts ha)e been in$ !p%ete%y e2p% red in the %iterat#re+ and the !issi n is a$#te 4 here re%ati nships a! n' "ra'!ents and a! n' ther s!a%% $ %%e$ti ns " p %yph ny are $ n$erned0 These s!a%% $ %%e$ti ns )ary in their $ nstr#$ti n and $ ntents>s !e are n t rea%%y "ra'!ents at a%%+ b#t sin'%e p %yph ni$ 4 r3s in %it#r'i$a% and ther !an#s$ripts0 5ndi)id#6 a%%y and thr #'h their )ery n#!bers+ they present a 4 ider )ie4 " 5ta%ian !#si$a% %i"e in the " #rteenth $ent#ry than $ #%d be 'ained "r ! e)en the ! st $are"#% s$r#tiny " the inta$t !an#s$ripts0 E2a!inin' the "ra'!ents e!b %dens #s t as3 &#esti ns ab #t musical style, popularity, scribal practice, and manuscript transmission: questions best answered through a study of many different sources rather than the intense scrutiny of a few large sources. -
Trecento Cacce and the Entrance of the Second Voice
1 MIT Student Trecento Cacce and the Entrance of the Second Voice Most school children today know the song “Row, Row, Row Your Boat” and could probably even explain how to sing it as a canon. Canons did not start off accessible to all young children, however. Thomas Marrocco explains that the early canons, cacce, were not for all people “for the music was too refined, too florid, and rhythmically intricate, to be sung with any degree of competence by provincial or itinerant musicians.”1 The challenge in composing a caccia is trying to create a melody that works as a canon. Canons today (think of “Row, Row, Row Your Boat,” Pachelbel's “Canon in D,” or “Frère Jacques”) are characterized by phrases which are four or eight beats long, and thus the second voice in modern popular canons enters after either four or eight beats. One might hypothesize that trecento cacce follow a similar pattern with the second voice entering after the first voice's four or eight breves, or at least after the first complete phrase. This is not the case. The factors which determine the entrance of the second voice in trecento cacce are very different from the factors which influence that entrance in modern canons. In trecento cacce, the entrance of the second voice generally occurs after the first voice has sung a lengthy melismatic line which descends down a fifth from its initial pitch. The interval between the two voices at the point where the second voice enters is generally a fifth, and this is usually just before the end of the textual phrase in the first voice so that the phrases do not line up. -
The 'Van Dyke' Mango
7. MofTet, M. L. 1973. Bacterial spot of stone fruit in Queensland. 12. Sherman, W. B., C. E. Yonce, W. R. Okie, and T. G. Beckman. Australian J. Biol. Sci. 26:171-179. 1989. Paradoxes surrounding our understanding of plum leaf scald. 8. Sherman, W. B. and P. M. Lyrene. 1985. Progress in low-chill plum Fruit Var. J. 43:147-151. breeding. Proc. Fla. State Hort. Soc. 98:164-165. 13. Topp, B. L. and W. B. Sherman. 1989. Location influences on fruit 9. Sherman, W. B. and J. Rodriquez-Alcazar. 1987. Breeding of low- traits of low-chill peaches in Australia. Proc. Fla. State Hort. Soc. chill peach and nectarine for mild winters. HortScience 22:1233- 102:195-199. 1236. 14. Topp, B. L. and W. B. Sherman. 1989. The relationship between 10. Sherman, W. B. and R. H. Sharpe. 1970. Breeding plums in Florida. temperature and bloom-to-ripening period in low-chill peach. Fruit Fruit Var. Hort. Dig. 24:3-4. Var.J. 43:155-158. 11. Sherman, W. B. and B. L. Topp. 1990. Peaches do it with chill units. Fruit South 10(3): 15-16. Proc. Fla. State Hort. Soc. 103:298-299. 1990. THE 'VAN DYKE' MANGO Carl W. Campbell History University of Florida, I FAS Tropical Research and Education Center The earliest records we were able to find on the 'Van Homestead, FL 33031 Dyke' mango were in the files of the Variety Committee of the Florida Mango Forum. They contain the original de scription form, quality evaluations dated June and July, Craig A. -
Leadership and Ethical Development: Balancing Light and Shadow
LEADERSHIP AND ETHICAL DEVELOPMENT: BALANCING LIGHT AND SHADOW Benyamin M. Lichtenstein, Beverly A. Smith, and William R. Torbert A&stract: What makes a leader ethical? This paper critically examines the answer given by developmental theory, which argues that individuals can develop throu^ cumulative stages of ethical orientation and behavior (e.g. Hobbesian, Kantian, Rawlsian), such that leaders at later develop- mental stages (of whom there are empirically very few today) are more ethical. By contrast to a simple progressive model of ethical develop- ment, this paper shows that each developmental stage has both positive (light) and negative (shadow) aspects, which affect the ethical behaviors of leaders at that stage It also explores an unexpected result: later stage leaders can have more significantly negative effects than earlier stage leadership. Introduction hat makes a leader ethical? One answer to this question can be found in Wconstructive-developmental theory, which argues that individuals de- velop through cumulative stages that can be distinguished in terms of their epistemological assumptions, in terms of the behavior associated with each "worldview," and in terms of the ethical orientation of a person at that stage (Alexander et.al., 1990; Kegan, 1982; Kohlberg, 1981; Souvaine, Lahey & Kegan, 1990). Developmental theory has been successfully applied to organiza- tional settings and has illuminated the evolution of managers (Fisher, Merron & Torbert, 1987), leaders (Torbert 1989, 1994b; Fisher & Torbert, 1992), and or- ganizations (Greiner, 1972; Quinn & Cameron, 1983; Torbert, 1987a). Further, Torbert (1991) has shown that successive stages of personal development have an ethical logic that closely parallels the socio-historical development of ethical philosophies during the modern era; that is, each sequential ethical theory from Hobbes to Rousseau to Kant to Rawls explicitly outlines a coherent worldview held implicitly by persons at successively later developmental stages. -
Shot to Death at the Loft
SATURDAY • JUNE 12, 2004 Including The Bensonhurst Paper Brooklyn’s REAL newspapers Published every Saturday — online all the time — by Brooklyn Paper Publications Inc, 55 Washington St, Suite 624, Brooklyn NY 11201. Phone 718-834-9350 • www.BrooklynPapers.com • © 2004 Brooklyn Paper Publications • 16 pages • Vol. 27, No. 24 BRZ • Saturday, June 19, 2004 • FREE Shot to death at The Loft By Jotham Sederstrom Police say the June 12 shooting happened in a basement bathroom The Brooklyn Papers about an hour before the bar was to close. Around 3 am, an unidentified man pumped at least four shots into A man was shot to death early Saturday morning in the bath- Valdes, who served five years in prison after an arrest for robbery in room of the Loft nightclub on Third Avenue in Bay Ridge. 1989, according to Kings County court records. The gunman, who has Mango / Greg Residents within earshot of the club at 91st Street expressed concern thus far eluded police, may have slipped out the front door after climb- but not surprise at the 3 am murder of Luis Valdes, a Sunset Park ex- ing the stairs from the basement, say police. convict. Following the murder, Councilman Vincent Gentile voiced renewed “That stinkin’ place on the corner,” said Ray Rodland, who has lived support for legislation that would allow off-duty police officers to moon- on 91st Street between Second and Third avenues for 20 years. “Even light as bouncers — in uniform — at bars and restaurants. The bill is Papers The Brooklyn if you’re farther away, at 4 in the morning that boom-boom music currently stalled in a City Council subcommittee for public housing. -
Madrigal, Lauda, and Local Style in Trecento Florence
Madrigal, Lauda, and Local Style in Trecento Florence BLAKE McD. WILSON I T he flowering of vernacular traditions in the arts of fourteenth-century Italy, as well as the phenomenal vitality of Italian music in later centuries, tempts us to scan the trecento for the earliest signs of distinctly Italianate styles of music. But while the 137 cultivation of indigenous poetic genres of madrigal and caccia, ac- corded polyphonic settings, seems to reflect Dante's exaltation of Italian vernacular poetry, the music itself presents us with a more culturally refracted view. At the chronological extremes of the four- teenth century, musical developments in trecento Italy appear to have been shaped by the more international traditions and tastes associated with courtly and scholastic milieux, which often combined to form a conduit for the influence of French artistic polyphony. During the latter third of the century both forces gained strength in Florentine society, and corresponding shifts among Italian patrons favored the importation of French literary and musical culture.' The cultivation of the polyphonic ballata after ca. 1370 by Landini and his contem- poraries was coupled with the adoption of three-part texture from French secular music, and the appropriation of certain French nota- tional procedures that facilitated a greater emphasis on syncopation, Volume XV * Number 2 * Spring 1997 The Journal of Musicology ? 1997 by the Regents of the University of California On the shift in patronage and musical style during the late trecento, see Michael P. Long, "Francesco Landini and the Florentine Cultural Elite," Early Music History 3 (1983), 83-99, and James Haar, Essays on Italian Poetry and Music in the Renaissance, 1350-1600 (Berkeley, CA, 1986), 22-36. -
Collier Fruit Growers Newsletter May 2015
COLLIER FRUIT GROWERS NEWSLETTER MAY 2015 The May 18th Speaker is Dr. Doug “Dougbug” Caldwell . Doug Caldwell will present and discuss his concept of a Collier Fruit Initiative as well as current invasive pests of Southwest Florida. DougBug is the go-to person on insects in Collier County and has a heart to promote fruit trees comfortable with our unique climate. DougBug is the commercial horticulturalist, entomologist and certified arborist at the UF/IFAS Collier County extension office. Next Meeting is May 18 at the Golden Gate Community Center, 4701 Golden Gate Parkway 7:00 pm for the tasting table and 7:30 pm for the meeting/program. BURDS’ NEST OF INFORMATION THIS and THAT FOR MAY: MANGOS: Now that the mango season is commencing, LATE mangos should be selectively pruned, (yes - there will be fruit on the tree) so as to have fruit again next year. Selectively pruning, so as not to lose all the fruit. If late mangos are pruned after the fruit is harvested, eg: late September or October, it raises the % chance of no fruit the next year. Late mangos are Keitt, Neelum, Palmer, Beverly, Wise, Cryder & Zillate Early mangos – Rosigold, Lemon Saigon, Glen, Manilita & Florigon, to name just a few! When the fruit has been harvested, fertilize with 0-0-18. This is recommended because of the minors in the formulae. Fertilizing with nitrogen will cause ‘jelly seed’ and poor quality fruit. Also, spray with micro nutrients just before the new growth has hardened off. Page 2 COLLIER FRUIT GROWERS NEWSLETTER RECIPE OF THE MONTH Meyer lemons are believed to be a natural hybrid of a lemon and a sweet orange. -
DURING FROZEN STORAGE by ANGELA RINCON
EFFECT OF PREFREEZING TREATMENTS ON QUALITY OF MANGO (Manguifera Indica L.) DURING FROZEN STORAGE by ANGELA RINCON (Under the direction of William L. Kerr) ABSTRACT At the moment there is a high demand for high-quality fruit ingredients to be used in many food formulations such as pastry and confectionery products, ice cream, frozen desserts and sweets, fruit salads, cheese and yoghurt. The overall objective was to improve quality of frozen mango using two types of food cryoprotection: one was the reduction of water content of the fruit (osmotic dehydration) and the other was the formulation of mango pulp with carbohydrates of different molecular weight to increase frozen stability. Osmotic dehydration was able to modify quality parameters of slices before and after frozen storage. Values for some parameters such as vitamin C, lightness (L*), chroma (C*), and firmness for non osmotically dehydrated slices were significantly higher than osmotically dehydrated slices. However, treatments carried out with osmotic solutions (especially those with high concentrations of sucrose) improved significantly the quality of mango slices after frozen storage. Higher moisture losses and solid gain values were reported for slices from the highest osmotic solution concentration. Thus, slices dipped in 30oBrix were better protected against freezing damage. Effects of sucrose concentration on the slices and ripening stage on frozen-thawed mango flavor perception were determined. Six flavor descriptors (color, flavor, sweetness, sourness, firmness and juiciness) were evaluated by a sensory trained panel. All descriptors were affected by sugar content and ripening stage. To study the effect of mango fruit composition on frozen stability, five pulp samples were prepared and evaluated in terms of glass transition temperature modification and its influence on ascorbic acid retention. -
Museum Quarterly LSU Museum of Natural Science
Museum Quarterly LSU Museum of Natural Science November 2007 Volume 25, Issue 3 Museum of Letter from the Director... Natural Science Curators and The Latin Connection Directors Sixty years ago, Dr. George Lowery, the Museum’s founder, start- ed sending graduate students to Latin America to collect birds and Frederick H. Sheldon mammals. These youngsters included mammalogists Walter Dal- Director, George H. Lowery, Jr., quest and Al Gardiner, who together collected over a wide area of Professor, and the Neotropics and Mexico and accounted for 23 taxa new to science. Curator of Genetic They also included ornithologists Burt Monroe, of Honduras fame, and John O’Neill, who Resources has discovered more new species of birds than any living person. The Museum’s Latin American program has continued steadily over the decades to the present day, and many Christopher C. Austin LSU graduate students have cut their teeth on biology while tromping through the forests, Curator of deserts, mountains, and savannahs of Middle and South America. As a result of their ef- Herpetology forts, the Museum’s collections are not only rich in Latin American holdings, but our re- search ties to friends and colleagues in the Neotropics and Mexico are unusually strong. Robb T. Brumfield However, despite this long and distinguished record of work in Latin America, Curator of discouragingly few Latin American students have come to LSU to study for graduate de- Genetic Resources grees. As far as I can tell, there have been only five: Alex Aleixo (Brazil), Leda Cas- tro (Costa Rica), Manuel Marin (Chilé), Carlos Quintela (Boliva), and Glenda Quin- Mark S. -
Pietro Aaron on Musica Plana: a Translation and Commentary on Book I of the Libri Tres De Institutione Harmonica (1516)
Pietro Aaron on musica plana: A Translation and Commentary on Book I of the Libri tres de institutione harmonica (1516) Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Matthew Joseph Bester, B.A., M.A. Graduate Program in Music The Ohio State University 2013 Dissertation Committee: Graeme M. Boone, Advisor Charles Atkinson Burdette Green Copyright by Matthew Joseph Bester 2013 Abstract Historians of music theory long have recognized the importance of the sixteenth- century Florentine theorist Pietro Aaron for his influential vernacular treatises on practical matters concerning polyphony, most notably his Toscanello in musica (Venice, 1523) and his Trattato della natura et cognitione de tutti gli tuoni di canto figurato (Venice, 1525). Less often discussed is Aaron’s treatment of plainsong, the most complete statement of which occurs in the opening book of his first published treatise, the Libri tres de institutione harmonica (Bologna, 1516). The present dissertation aims to assess and contextualize Aaron’s perspective on the subject with a translation and commentary on the first book of the De institutione harmonica. The extensive commentary endeavors to situate Aaron’s treatment of plainsong more concretely within the history of music theory, with particular focus on some of the most prominent treatises that were circulating in the decades prior to the publication of the De institutione harmonica. This includes works by such well-known theorists as Marchetto da Padova, Johannes Tinctoris, and Franchinus Gaffurius, but equally significant are certain lesser-known practical works on the topic of plainsong from around the turn of the century, some of which are in the vernacular Italian, including Bonaventura da Brescia’s Breviloquium musicale (1497), the anonymous Compendium musices (1499), and the anonymous Quaestiones et solutiones (c.1500). -
Preparing Citrus and Pecan Trees for Cold Weather by Terri Simon, Master Gardener It’S Hard to Believe but Cold Weather Is Around the Corner
HARRIS COUNTY MASTER GARDENER NEWSLETTER • OCTOBER 2018 UrbanDirt Trees! Gardening Events and Information for Texans Preparing Citrus and Pecan Trees for Cold Weather by Terri Simon, Master Gardener It’s hard to believe but cold weather is around the corner. While Fruit 6-2-4 fertilizer summer is my favorite season, there are two crops I look forward is my favorite, but to in fall and winter. Pecans and citrus are my favorites. I inherited of course you may the love of both from my mother. We always had a bowl of pecans prefer another brand. on our coffee table in our house along with a nutcracker and our Avoid buying any fridge always had fresh citrus when they were in season. I recall citrus that you have riding down back roads with her while she searched for pecan and not researched. Most citrus stands. At that time, the fruit stand sellers allowed you to citrus trees will take taste their harvest. I have great memories of those trips. three to five years to Careful selection of your citrus varieties can extend your har- produce fruit and you vest from late summer through the first of the year. Citrus trees do not want to invest require little maintenance and the smell of their blooms can be your time in a citrus intoxicating. Those blooms also attract the giant swallowtail but- tree that is not suitable terfly. Citrus trees purchased at Urban Harvest sales and Master for our area. Gardener sales should do well in our area. The biggest problem I Tips to prepare for have had so far is from leaf miners. -
Song As Literature in Late Medieval Italy Lauren Lambert Jennings A
TRACING VOICES: SONG AS LITERATURE IN LATE MEDIEVAL ITALY Lauren Lambert Jennings A DISSERTATION in Music Presented to the Faculties of the University of Pennsylvania in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2012 Supervisor of Dissertation Emma Dillon, Professor of Music and Chair of the Department Graduate Group Chairperson Timothy Rommen, Associate Professor of Music and Director of Graduate Studies Dissertation Committee Emily Dolan, Assistant Professor of Music Kevin Brownlee, Professor of Romance Languages Fabio Finotti, Mariano DiVito Professor of Italian Studies Tr acing Voices: Song as Literature in Late Medieval Italy © 2012 Lauren Lambert Jennings iii A cknowledgement I owe a deep debt of gratitude to all who have offered me guidance and assistance throughout my graduate studies at the University of Pennsylvania. First and foremost, this project could never have come to fruition without the support and encouragement of my advisor, Emma Dillon, who took me under her wing the moment I arrived in Philadelphia. Her seminars sparked my interest in the study of manuscripts as material objects and were the starting point for this project. I am especially grateful for the guidance she has offered throughout the dissertation process, reading drafts of the proposal, grant applications, and chapters. Her suggestions and comments have pushed me to clarify my thoughts and to investigate questions I might otherwise have left aside. The rest of my committee deserves recognition and many thanks as well. Emily Dolan has been an invaluable mentor as both a scholar and a teacher throughout my time at Penn. Outside of the music department, I am indebted to Kevin Brownlee for his constant support of my work and for his seminars, which helped to shape the literary side of my dissertation, as well as for his assistance with the translations in Chapter 1.