DOCSLIB.ORG

Shaping Natural History and Settler Society Mary Elizabeth Barber and the Nineteenth-Century Cape

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Shaping Natural History and Settler Society Mary Elizabeth Barber and the Nineteenth-Century Cape Shaping Natural History and Settler Society Mary Elizabeth Barber and the Nineteenth-Century Cape Tanja Hammel Cambridge Imperial and Post-Colonial Studies Series Series Editors Richard Drayton Department of History King’s College London London, UK Saul Dubow Magdalene College University of Cambridge Cambridge, UK The Cambridge Imperial and Post-Colonial Studies series is a collection of studies on empires in world history and on the societies and cultures which emerged from colonialism. It includes both transnational, comparative and connective studies, and studies which address where particular regions or nations participate in global phenomena. While in the past the series focused on the British Empire and Commonwealth, in its current incarna- tion there is no imperial system, period of human history or part of the world which lies outside of its compass. While we particularly welcome the first monographs of young researchers, we also seek major studies by more senior scholars, and welcome collections of essays with a strong thematic focus. The series includes work on politics, economics, culture, literature, science, art, medicine, and war. Our aim is to collect the most exciting new scholarship on world history with an imperial theme. More information about this series at http://www.palgrave.com/gp/series/13937 Tanja Hammel Shaping Natural History and Settler Society Mary Elizabeth Barber and the Nineteenth-Century Cape Tanja Hammel Department of History University of Basel Basel, Switzerland Cambridge Imperial and Post-Colonial Studies Series ISBN 978-3-030-22638-1 ISBN 978-3-030-22639-8 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22639-8 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited 2019, corrected publication 2019 This book is an open access publication. Open Access This book is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this book are included in the book’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the book’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the pub- lisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institu- tional affiliations. Cover illustration: Brachystelma barberiae, watercolour on paper by Mary Elizabeth Barber, preparatory illustration for plate 5607, volume 92, Curtis’s Botanical Magazine, 1866, with permission from the Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, all rights reserved. This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG. The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland In Memory of Patrick Allan Lifford Harries PREFACE ‘Probably the most advanced woman of her time in South Africa’1 created the illustration on the cover of this book. A woman who is hardly known. On 13 November 1864, the Cape-based botanist, entomologist, archae- ologist and ornithologist Mary Elizabeth Barber wrote to the Irish bota- nist William Henry Harvey about a ‘curious little plant’ that her brother Henry had found: growing upon a sandy hill side, in an isolated spot of not more than 9 or 10 yards square, nearly all of them, 8 in number, were in blossom, & he searched the neighbourhood in vain, for more of them, none were to be found. How curiously a group or two of these little plants seem to stand alone in isolated spots, as if they were the last of their species quietly finish- ing their course in this world.2 She felt similarly isolated from the world and believed Harvey to be the only botanist truly interested in Cape flora. It was perhaps in 1865 that Barber made a watercolour painting of the plant and sent further speci- mens to Dublin. These were mounted by Harvey and can be traced in the herbarium today. They are labelled ‘806 Tsomo River on flats [Tsomo River Valley in the former Transkei] – new Brachystelma’. And on the sheet, Harvey pencilled ‘Brachystelma barberiae MS’.3 Harvey could not publish about the plant as by that time he was seri- ously ill and no longer able to work regularly. He died in May 1866, and Barber had to find a new authority who would publish ‘her discovery’. She sent ‘a drawing of curious Brachystelma’ to the botanist Joseph Dalton vii viii PREFACE Hooker, the director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, London.4 In her accompanying letter, Barber described the desolate state of Cape Botany without Harvey. Her strategy worked: Hooker published a hand-coloured lithograph and description of it in Curtis’s Botanical Magazine. The description derived entirely from the painting, as he had never seen the plant alive or dead.5 At Trinity College Dublin Herbarium (TCD), there is one herbarium specimen which in its broad outlines resembles the draw- ing, and could have served as the model for Barber’s watercolour. The species was called Brachystemla barberiae Harvey ex Hooker fil. Thanking Hooker for the copy of the magazine she had received, Barber stated that ‘all drawings’ came ‘far short of the original, with its beautiful arches and purple blossoms’. In an apologetic manner, she then continued describing that this plant had an ‘abominable’ scent, which was ‘only appreciated by the “blue bottle” flies’.6 It is salient that Barber ini- tially only reported on her visual perception and neglected the plant’s scent—one of its key features. Most likely, she had only seen her brother’s dried specimens or she might have omitted her olfactory experience due to vision being the preferred sense in science and culture, with the former explanation being the more likely. She did additional research on the plant after sending her specimens to Harvey. With its ‘marvelous appearance’ and ‘strange scent’, Brachystelma barberiae perfectly matched Barber’s botanical research interest which she once described as ‘the marvelous [sic] and the strange, either in appearance or in habits’.7 Yet, the question arises what the type of now-called Brachystelma bar- berae actually is, as correspondence between two botanists of TCD and Kew from the mid-1980s stored at TCD shows. The type could be the illustration in Curtis’s Botanical Magazine, the somewhat similar speci- men at Dublin (which Hooker never saw), the plant from which Barber made the illustration (if different from the one in the herbarium, no lon- ger extant). The fact that the description was made from a drawing and not from an actual plant raises a problem the two botanists had never encountered before. Thus, the botanist at Kew argued that Barber’s origi- nal painting ‘should be designated holotype’, the reproductions of it were ‘isotypes’ and the specimen at TCD a ‘typotype’.8 According to the botanist S. P. Bester of the Pretoria National Herbarium, Brachystelma barberae is ‘without doubt the most spectacular species in the genus’.9 The colour and odour of the plant remind of decay- ing carcasses. Today, it is not but its occurrence depends on its use by people and animals. In rural areas when food is scarce, tubers are eaten as PREFACE ix a food supplement. San use it as a daily food supplement. Porcupines, baboons, rodents and certain insects are fond of the tubers as well. The tubers serve as a source of water in dry habitats where the plant occurs. No specific medicinal use is known, but many tuberous brachystelmas are used for headaches, stomach aches and colds in children.10 This short history and contextualisation of Brachystelma barberae in many ways serves as a prolepsis to what follows in this book. The woman who is commemorated in its name, who has provided the first herbarium specimens and first watercolour of the plant is at the centre. The Haitian scholar Michel-Rolph Trouillot in his seminal book Silencing the Past: Power and the Production of History rejected ‘both the naïve proposition that we are prisoners of our pasts and the pernicious suggestion that his- tory is whatever we make of it’. ‘History’, according to Trouillot, ‘is the fruit of power, but power itself is never so transparent that its analysis becomes superfluous. The ultimate mark of power may be its invisibility; the ultimate challenge’ for historians, ‘the exposition of its roots’.11 In this vein, this book narrates a history of a neglected woman scientist in the Cape and makes power relations in science and society visible. Power rela- tions had a deep impact on whether Barber’s words and illustrations were published, praised, criticised, plagiarised, neglected, ignored, silenced, kept and later archived, destroyed, remembered, forgotten or analysed/ written about.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Calvinism in the Context of the Afrikaner Nationalist Ideology
    ASIAN AND AFRICAN STUDIES, 78, 2009, 2, 305-323 CALVINISM IN THE CONTEXT OF THE AFRIKANER NATIONALIST IDEOLOGY Jela D o bo šo vá Institute of Oriental Studies, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Klemensova 19, 813 64 Bratislava, Slovakia [email protected] Calvinism was a part of the mythic history of Afrikaners; however, it was only a specific interpretation of history that made it a part of the ideology of the Afrikaner nationalists. Calvinism came to South Africa with the first Dutch settlers. There is no historical evidence that indicates that the first settlers were deeply religious, but they were worshippers in the Nederlands Hervormde Kerk (Dutch Reformed Church), which was the only church permitted in the region until 1778. After almost 200 years, Afrikaner nationalism developed and connected itself with Calvinism. This happened due to the theoretical and ideological approach of S. J.du Toit and a man referred to as its ‘creator’, Paul Kruger. The ideology was highly influenced by historical developments in the Netherlands in the late 19th century and by the spread of neo-Calvinism and Christian nationalism there. It is no accident, then, that it was during the 19th century when the mythic history of South Africa itself developed and that Calvinism would play such a prominent role in it. It became the first religion of the Afrikaners, a distinguishing factor in the multicultural and multiethnic society that existed there at the time. It legitimised early thoughts of a segregationist policy and was misused for political intentions. Key words: Afrikaner, Afrikaner nationalism, Calvinism, neo-Calvinism, Christian nationalism, segregation, apartheid, South Africa, Great Trek, mythic history, Nazi regime, racial theories Calvinism came to South Africa in 1652, but there is no historical evidence that the settlers who came there at that time were Calvinists.
    [Show full text]
  • 119 Genus Amauris Huebner
    AFROTROPICAL BUTTERFLIES 17th edition (2018). MARK C. WILLIAMS. http://www.lepsocafrica.org/?p=publications&s=atb Genus Amauris Hübner, [1816] In: Hübner, [1816-[1826]. Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge 14 (432 + 72 pp.). Augsburg. Type-species: Papilio niavius Linnaeus, by subsequent designation (Scudder, 1875. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 10: 108 (91-293).). The genus Amauris belongs to the Family Nymphalidae Rafinesque, 1815; Subfamily Danainae Boisduval, 1833; Tribe Danaini Boisduval, 1833; Subtribe Amaurina Le Cerf, 1922. Amauris is the only Afrotropical genus in the Subtribe Amaurina. Amauris is an exclusively Afrotropical genus containing 16 species. Relevant literature: De Vries, 2002 [Differential wing toughness with other taxa]. Amauris species. Final instar larva. Images courtesy Raimund Schutte Amauris species. Pupa. 1 Image courtesy Raimund Schutte Subgenus Amauris Hübner, [1816] In: Hübner, [1816-26]. Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge 14 (432 + 72 pp.). Augsburg. Type-species: Papilio niavius Linnaeus, by subsequent designation (Scudder, 1875. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 10: 108 (91-293).). *Amauris (Amauris) niavius (Linnaeus, 1758)# Friar Male of the Friar Butterfly (Amauris niavius) at Lake Sibaya, Zululand. Image courtesy Steve Woodhall. Papilio niavius Linnaeus, 1758. Systema Naturae 1, Regnum Animale, 10th edition: 470 (824 pp.). Holmiae. Amauris (Amauris) niavius (Linnaeus, 1758). Pringle et al., 1994: 48. Amauris niavius niavius. Male (Wingspan 75 mm). Left
    [Show full text]
  • South Africa
    CultureGramsTM Republic of World Edition 2014 South Africa provisions station at Cape Town. It supplied ships with fresh BACKGROUND foods as they sailed around the tip of the continent. French Huguenot refugees joined the Dutch colony in 1688 and Land and Climate Germans came later. The colonists became known as Boers Area (sq. mi.): 470,693 (farmers). They clashed at times with indigenous groups but Area (sq. km.): 1,219,090 stayed mainly in coastal areas. Britain gained formal possession of the Cape Colony in 1814. Dissatisfaction with South Africa is about the size of Peru, or slightly larger than British rule led many Boers to migrate to the interior between the U.S. states of Texas, New Mexico, and Oklahoma 1835 and 1848. Their migration, which they call the Great combined. The country's large interior plateau averages about Trek, led to war with the indigenous Zulu, Xhosas, and other 5,000 feet (1,500 meters) above sea level. Primarily savanna Africans. The Boers won most of the battles and took control and semidesert, the plateau is rimmed by a narrow coastal of large tracts of land. belt, which is subtropical along the east coast and has a After the discovery of gold and diamonds in these Boer Mediterranean climate along the southwestern cape. South territories in the late 19th century, Britain annexed parts of Africa's most important rivers are the Orange, Vaal, and the area. Tension erupted into the First Boer War (1880–81) Limpopo. and the Second Boer War (1899–1902), which is also called Snow is confined to the Drakensberg and Maluti the South African War.
    [Show full text]
  • The Interaction Between the Missionaries of the Cape
    THE INTERACTION BETWEEN THE MISSIONARIES OF THE CAPE EASTERN FRONTIER AND THE COLONIAL AUTHORITIES IN THE ERA OF SIR GEORGE GREY, 1854 - 1861. Constance Gail Weldon Pietermaritzburg, December 1984* Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Historical Studies, University of Natal, 1984. CONTENTS Page Abstract i List of Abbreviations vi Chapter 1 Introduction 1 Chapter 2 Sir George Grey and his ’civili­ zing mission’ 16 Chapter 3 The missionaries and Grey 1854-6 55 Chapter 4 The Cattle Killing 1856/7 99 Chanter 5 The Aftermath of the Cattle Killing (till 1860s) 137 Chapter 6 Conclusion 174 Appendix A Principal mission stations on the frontier 227 Appendix B Wesleyan Methodist and Church of Scotland Missionaries 228 Appendix C List of magistrates and chiefs 229 Appendix D Biographical Notes 230 Select Bibliography 233 List of photographs and maps Between pages 1. Sir George Grey - Governor 15/16 2. Map showing Cape eastern frontier and principal military posts 32/33 3. Map showing the principal frontier mission stations 54/55 4. Photographs showing Lovedale trade departments 78/79 5. Map showing British Kaffraria and principal chiefs 98/99 6. Sir George Grey - 'Romantic Imperialist' 143/144 7. Sir George Grey - civilian 225/226 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to acknowledge with thanks the financial assistance rendered by the Human Sciences Research Council towards the costs of this research. Opinions expressed or conclusions arrived at are those of the author and are not to be regarded as those of the Human Sciences Research Council.
    [Show full text]
  • UNSUNG: South African Jazz Musicians Under Apartheidunsung
    UNSUNG: South African Jazz Musicians under Apartheid outh African jazz under apartheid has in recent years been the subject of numerous studies. The main focus, however, has hitherto been on the musicians who went into exile. Here, for the first time, those who stayed behind are allowed to tell their stories: the stories of musicians from across the colour spectrum who helped to keep their art alive in South Africa during the years of state oppression. CHATRADARI DEVROOP &CHRIS WALTON CHATRADARI Unsung South African Jazz Musicians under Apartheid EDITORS Chatradari Devroop & Chris Walton UNSUNG: South African Jazz Musicians under Apartheid Published by SUN PReSS, an imprint of AFRICAN SUN MeDIA (Pty) Ltd., Stellenbosch 7600 www.africansunmedia.co.za www.sun-e-shop.co.za All rights reserved. Copyright © 2007 Chatradari Devroop & Chris Walton No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any electronic, photographic or mechanical means, including photocopying and recording on record, tape or laser disk, on microfilm, via the Internet, by e-mail, or by any other information storage and retrieval system, without prior written permission by the publisher. First edition 2007 ISBN: 978-1-920109-66-9 e-ISBN: 978-1-920109-67-7 DOI: 10.18820/9781920109677 Set in 11/13 Sylfaen Cover design by Ilse Roelofse Typesetting by SUN MeDIA Stellenbosch SUN PReSS is an imprint of AFRICAN SUN MeDIA (Pty) Ltd. Academic, professional and reference works are published under this imprint in print and electronic format. This publication may be ordered directly from www.sun-e-shop.co.za Printed and bound by ASM/USD, Ryneveld Street, Stellenbosch, 7600.
    [Show full text]
  • Playing with Extremes Origins and Evolution of Exaggerated Female
    Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 115 (2017) 95–105 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Playing with extremes: Origins and evolution of exaggerated female forelegs MARK in South African Rediviva bees ⁎ Belinda Kahnta,b, , Graham A. Montgomeryc, Elizabeth Murrayc, Michael Kuhlmannd,e, Anton Pauwf, Denis Michezg, Robert J. Paxtona,b, Bryan N. Danforthc a Institute of Biology/General Zoology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Hoher Weg 8, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany b German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany c Department of Entomology, Cornell University, 3124 Comstock Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853-2601, USA d Zoological Museum, Kiel University, Hegewischstr. 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany e Dept. of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Rd., London SW7 5BD, UK f Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, South Africa g Laboratoire de Zoologie, Research institute of Biosciences, University of Mons, Place du Parc 23, 7000 Mons, Belgium ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Despite close ecological interactions between plants and their pollinators, only some highly specialised polli- Molecular phylogenetics nators adapt to a specific host plant trait by evolving a bizarre morphology. Here we investigated the evolution Plant-pollinator interaction of extremely elongated forelegs in females of the South African bee genus Rediviva (Hymenoptera: Melittidae), in Ecological adaptation which long forelegs are hypothesised to be an adaptation for collecting oils from the extended spurs of their Greater cape floristic region Diascia host flowers. We first reconstructed the phylogeny of the genus Rediviva using seven genes and inferred Trait evolution an origin of Rediviva at around 29 MYA (95% HPD = 19.2–40.5), concurrent with the origin and radiation of the Melittidae Succulent Karoo flora.
    [Show full text]
  • Outline of Angiosperm Phylogeny
    Outline of angiosperm phylogeny: orders, families, and representative genera with emphasis on Oregon native plants Priscilla Spears December 2013 The following listing gives an introduction to the phylogenetic classification of the flowering plants that has emerged in recent decades, and which is based on nucleic acid sequences as well as morphological and developmental data. This listing emphasizes temperate families of the Northern Hemisphere and is meant as an overview with examples of Oregon native plants. It includes many exotic genera that are grown in Oregon as ornamentals plus other plants of interest worldwide. The genera that are Oregon natives are printed in a blue font. Genera that are exotics are shown in black, however genera in blue may also contain non-native species. Names separated by a slash are alternatives or else the nomenclature is in flux. When several genera have the same common name, the names are separated by commas. The order of the family names is from the linear listing of families in the APG III report. For further information, see the references on the last page. Basal Angiosperms (ANITA grade) Amborellales Amborellaceae, sole family, the earliest branch of flowering plants, a shrub native to New Caledonia – Amborella Nymphaeales Hydatellaceae – aquatics from Australasia, previously classified as a grass Cabombaceae (water shield – Brasenia, fanwort – Cabomba) Nymphaeaceae (water lilies – Nymphaea; pond lilies – Nuphar) Austrobaileyales Schisandraceae (wild sarsaparilla, star vine – Schisandra; Japanese
    [Show full text]
  • King William's Town
    http://ngtt.journals.ac.za Hofmeyr, JW (Hoffie) University of the Free State and Hofmeyr, George S (†) (1945-2009) Former Director of the National Monuments Council of South Africa Establishing a stable society for the sake of ecclesiastical expansion in a frontier capital (King William’s Town) in the Eastern Cape: the pensioners and their village between 1855 and 1861 ABSTRACT For many different reasons, the Eastern Cape area has long been and remains one of the strong focus points of general, political and ecclesiastical historians. In this first article of a series on a frontier capital (King William’s Town) in the Eastern Cape, I wish to focus on a unique socio economic aspect of the fabric of the Eastern Cape society in the period between 1855 and 1861 i.e. the establishment of a Pensioners’ Village. It also touches on certain aspects of the process of colonization in the Eastern Cape. Eventually all of this had, besides many other influences, also an influence on the further expansion of Christianity in the frontier context of the Eastern Cape. In a next article the focus will therefore be on a discussion and analysis of the expansion of missionary work in this frontier context against the background of the establishment of the Pensioners’ Village. 1. INTRODUCTION The British settlement of the Eastern Cape region was a long drawn out process, besides that of the local indigenous people, the Xhosa from the north and the Afrikaner settlers from the western Cape. All these settlements not only had a clear socio economic and political effect but it eventually also influenced the ecclesiastical scene.
    [Show full text]
  • And Ford, I; Ford, '953) on the Other Hand Have Put Forward a View Intermediate Between the Extreme Ones of Darwin on the One Hand and Goldschmidt on the Other
    THE EVOLUTION OF MIMICRY IN THE BUTTERFLY PAPILIO DARDANUS C. A. CLARKE and P. M. SHEPPARD Departments of Medicine and Zoology, University of Liverpool Received23.V.59 1.INTRODUCTION WHENBatesputforward the mimicry hypothesis which bears his name, Darwin (1872), although accepting it, had some difficulty in explaining the evolution of the mimetic resemblance of several distinct species to one distasteful model by a series of small changes, a require- ment of his general theory of evolution. He said "it is necessary to suppose in some cases that ancient members belonging to several distinct groups, before they had diverged to their present extent, accidentally resembled a member of another and protected group in a sufficient degree to afford some slight protection; this having given the basis for the subsequent acquisition of the most perfect resemb- lance ". Punnett (1915) realised that the difficulty is even more acute when one is dealing with a polymorphic species whose forms mimic very distantly related models. Knowing that, in those butterflies which had been investigated genetically, the forms differed by single allelomorphs he concluded that the mimicry did not evolve gradually and did not confer any advantage or disadvantage to the individual. He argued that an allelomorph arises at a single step by mutation and that therefore the mimicry also arises by chance at a single step. Goldschmidt (x) although not denying that mimicry confers some advantage to its possessors also maintained that the resemblance arises fully perfected by a single mutation of a gene distinct from that producing the colour pattern in the model, but producing a similar effect in the mimic.
    [Show full text]
  • Lies Hidden in the Rocks
    Sivhili Injhiniyeringi June 2008 Vol 16 No 6 ONE SOLUTION TO WATER SUPPLY PROBLEMS LIES HIDDEN IN THE ROCKS P CA THE LIKELIHooD OF A GLOBAL DROUGHT IN 2009–2016 A W A R D S W I N N E R 2 0 0 7 FOR EXCELLENCE IN MAGAZINE PUBLISHING AND JOURNALISM VRESAP to be operational by November Implementation of the reserve at the Berg River Dam and Supplement Scheme Outeniqua Coast Water Situation Study 24 MONTHS TO FIFA 2010 P CA A W A R D S W I N N E R 2 0 0 7 FOR EXCELLENCE IN MAGAZINE PUBLISHING AND JOURNALISM Tshivenda ON THE COVER One of GEL’s new Beretta T46 drilling rigs installing lateral support to the Western access tunnel at the Soccer City Stadium ON THE CovER where the 2010 FIFA World Cup final will be played. This tunnel was constructed under the existing West grandstand, with Ensuring solid foundations for the FIFA supported faces of up to 9 m high; in total, World Cup’s flagship stadium 46 approximately 500 m2 lateral support was installed to three tunnels and the multi- WATER ENGINEERING OTHER PROJECTS storey parkade Potable water reservoir under construction 49 One solution to water supply problems Cape Town Terminal expansion on track 50 lies hidden in the rocks 2 Anglian Water’s biggest ever project 53 Dynamic planning process for water Recycling our roads 57 and sewer infrastructure 5 Boost for safer crane operations 55 Berg Water Project reserve releases: Traffic control centres for Limpopo 59 Implementation of the reserve at the Berg PUBLISHED BY SAICE/SAISI Block 19, Thornhill Office Park, River Dam and Supplement Scheme
    [Show full text]
  • Amathole District Municipality
    AMATHOLE DISTRICT MUNICIPALITY 2012 - 2017 INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT PLAN Amathole District Municipality IDP 2012-2017 – Version 1 of 5 Page 1 TABLE OF CONTENT The Executive Mayor’s Foreword 4 Municipal Manager’s Message 5 The Executive Summary 7 Report Outline 16 Chapter 1: The Vision 17 Vision, Mission and Core Values 17 List of Amathole District Priorities 18 Chapter 2: Demographic Profile of the District 31 A. Introduction 31 B. Demographic Profile 32 C. Economic Overview 38 D. Analysis of Trends in various sectors 40 Chapter 3: Status Quo Assessment 42 1 Local Economic Development 42 1.1 Economic Research 42 1.2 Enterprise Development 44 1.3 Cooperative Development 46 1.4 Tourism Development and Promotion 48 1.5 Film Industry 51 1.6 Agriculture Development 52 1.7 Heritage Development 54 1.8 Environmental Management 56 1.9 Expanded Public Works Program 64 2 Service Delivery and Infrastructure Investment 65 2.1 Water Services (Water & Sanitation) 65 2.2 Solid Waste 78 2.3 Transport 81 2.4 Electricity 2.5 Building Services Planning 89 2.6 Health and Protection Services 90 2.7 Land Reform, Spatial Planning and Human Settlements 99 3 Municipal Transformation and Institutional Development 112 3.1 Organizational and Establishment Plan 112 3.2 Personnel Administration 124 3.3 Labour Relations 124 3.4 Fleet Management 127 3.5 Employment Equity Plan 129 3.6 Human Resource Development 132 3.7 Information Communication Technology 134 4 Municipal Financial Viability and Management 136 4.1 Financial Management 136 4.2 Budgeting 137 4.3 Expenditure
    [Show full text]
  • Amathole District Municipality WETLAND REPORT | 2017
    AMATHOLE DISTRICT MUNICIPALITY WETLAND REPORT | 2017 LOCAL ACTION FOR BIODIVERSITY (LAB): WETLANDS SOUTH AFRICA Biodiversity for Life South African National Biodiversity Institute Full Program Title: Local Action for Biodiversity: Wetland Management in a Changing Climate Sponsoring USAID Office: USAID/Southern Africa Cooperative Agreement Number: AID-674-A-14-00014 Contractor: ICLEI – Local Governments for Sustainability – Africa Secretariat Date of Publication: June 2017 DISCLAIMER: The author’s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. FOREWORD Amathole District Municipality is situated within the Amathole District Municipality is also prone to climate central part of the Eastern Cape Province, which lies change and disaster risk such as wild fires, drought in the southeast of South Africa and borders the and floods. Wetland systems however can be viewed Indian Ocean. Amathole District Municipality has as risk reduction ecological infrastructure. Wetlands a land area of 21 595 km² with approximately 200 also form part of the Amathole Mountain Biosphere km of coastline stretching along the Sunshine Coast Reserve, which is viewed as a conservation and from the Fish River to just south of Hole in the Wall sustainable development flagship initiative. along the Wild Coast. Amathole District Municipality coastline spans two bio-geographical regions, namely Amathole District Municipality Integrated the warm temperate south coast and the sub-tropical Development Plan (IDP) recognises the importance east coast. of wetlands within the critical biodiversity areas of the Spatial Development Framework (SDF). Amathole District Municipality is generally in a good Sustainable development principles are an natural state; 83.3% of land comprises of natural integral part of Amathole District Municipality’s areas, whilst only 16.7% are areas where no natural developmental approach as they are captured in the habitat remains.
    [Show full text]