TPRI GreenGen --- Near Zero Emission Based Power Generation Project in

Xu Shisen

Thermal Power Research Institute Technology Development Center of CHNG

23th May 2007 TPRI ContentsContents

„ WhyWhy doesdoes China needneed GreenGen ?

„ Roadmap of GreenGen Program

„ Demonstration Project

„ R&D on Key Technologies

„ Summary TPRI WhyWhy coalcoal ??

Oil NG Coal 300

200

100

0

Year 40 60 230

C : H (wt.%) 85:15 75:25 95:5

CO2 emission 80 60 100 TPRI WhyWhy Coal?Coal?

Nuclear 1.1% 0.4% Renewable

20.7%

Structure of Hydro China’s Electric Power

Thermal 77.8%

2006 China’s electric power development

中国历年发电装机增长情况

70000 62200

60000

51718 50000 44239

39141 40000 35657 33849 31932 29877

（万千瓦） 27729 30000 25424 23654 21722 19989 18291 16653 20000 15147 13789 12664 11550 9382 10090 8012 8705 10000 6913 7236 7644

0 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

（年 ） CHNG’s electric power development CoalCoal’’ss problemproblem

Average Coal Consumption Ratio (by end of 2006) China:366g/kWh How to increase efficiency? World:320 g/kWh How to reduce emissions? TPRI EmissionEmission ofof thermalthermal powerpower technologiestechnologies TPRI COE with CO2 capture and sequestration 90 COE $MWh with Capture 80 & Sequestration 70 COE $/MWh with CO2 60 Capture 50 COE $/MWh w/out 40 Capture

30 NGCC = Natural Gas Combined Cycle 20 IGCC = Integrated 10 Gasification 0 Combined Cycle NGCC 525 NGCC 525 IGCC 520 USC PC 600 USC PC – Hi-efficiency MW MW MW MW Pulverized coal ($3.50=$3.3 ($5/MBtu $/GJ NG) =$4.7/GJ NG) TPRI

CCTCCT inin thethe futurefuture

„ SC/USC + FGD + SCR (deep clean, CO2) ---- for near future

„ CFBC (capacity, efficiency, deep clean, CO2) ---- to complement USC

„ PFBC（deep clean, technical barrier, CO2)

„ IGCC ( reduce cost, CO2 ) ---- for medium future

„ GreenGen (high efficiency, near zero emission and H2 production ) ---- for long term future TPRI

The Objects of GreenGen

„ R&DD on the integrated coal gasification, hydrogen

production, power generation and CO2 sequestration system

„ To achieve high coal-based generation efficiency and near

zero emission of all pollutant including CO2

„ To verify key technologies, sustain technologies and system integration technology and create “GreenGen” technology with full Chinese intellectual property right

„ To conduct commercial demonstration at acceptable price and realize sustainable development of coal-based generation TPRI Roadmap of GreenGen Program

2005 2010 2015 2020 2025

●1000-2000t/d gasifier ●system integration First ●250MW IGCC Step ● 100~200kW MCFC and 50kWSOFC ● H2 production and CO2 separation at pilot scale

●3000t/d gasifier Second ●300~400MW IGCC Step ● MW MCFC and 200kWSOFC ● H2 production and CO2 separation at 100MW class

●3000t/d gasifier ●300~400MW GreenGen demonstration Third with10~50 MW MCFC and SOFC, H2 production , Step CO2 separation and near zero emission

R&DD Deployment TPRI The final flow sheet of GreenGen

Air Gas Turbine Air Nitrogen

Air Separation Turbine Steam (Only first step) Power Water Oxygen Hydrogen Purification Gasification Rich

Coal Gas Clean Gas Water or Steam Fuel Cell Power Separation Separation H Recovery Syngas Syngas 2 Sulfur Sulfur Shift & CO H2 H2 2 Ash andSlag

Marketable CO2 UnmineableCoal UnmineableCoal Marketable Embedded in Sulfur Deep Sea Utilization Industrial Industrial Beds TPRI

TechnologicalTechnological goalsgoals ofof GreenGenGreenGen

„ To complete industrial demonstration project of 400MW before 2020

„ Generation efficiency up to 55%-60%

3 „ SO2 and NOx emission less than 20mg/Nm

„ PM2.5, Hg and VOC near zero discharge

„ Over 80% of CO2 separated and treated

„ Byproducts effectively utilized

„ Acceptable cost The Flow Sheet of GreenGen Stage 1 TPRI TPRI TPRI FirstFirst stagestage objectsobjects

„ 250MW250MW „ Eff.(net):Eff.(net): >42%(LHV)>42%(LHV) „ DeDe SOxSOx eff.eff. :: >98%>98% 3 „ NOx:NOx: <80mg/Nm<80mg/Nm (16%@(16%@ OO2)) „ OperationOperation inin 20092009 „ <2000mRMB<2000mRMB TPRI KeyKey technologiestechnologies

Gasifier:Gasifier: TPRITPRI--2000T/D2000T/D EE -- GasGas turbineturbine :: „ Nanjing+ GE Turbine „ Shanghai Electric Group+ SIMENS „ Dong Fang Electric + MHI ASU,ASU, HRSG,HRSG, ST,etc.:ST,etc.: DomesticDomestic ManufactureManufacture Design:Design: DomesticDomestic GreenGenGreenGen Lab.Lab. TPRI

•CO2 capture and sequestration:

3 •A 10,000 Nm /h PSA CO2 capture experimental setup

3 •A 150 Nm /h CO2 membrane separation capture experimental setup TPRI 250MW250MW IGCCIGCC PowerPower PlantPlant inin TianjinTianjin TPRI

Implementation of GreenGen

„ CHNG approved “The Program of GreenGen ” in 2004.

„ The feasibility study of the first step demonstration project has been finished in Sept. 2006, and will be started to construct in 2007 and put into operation in 2009.

„ CHNG prepares to set up GreenGen Industrial Alliance, and welcome the energy companies in the world to participate in GreenGen.

„ The membership agreement was singed between CHNG and the FutureGen Industrial Alliance on 27 Oct. 2005. Vice-Premiere Zeng Peiyan TPRI meeting stakeholders GreenGenGreenGen Ltd.,Ltd., Co.Co. TPRI

GreenGen Ltd., Co. founder agreement signing ceremony GreenGen manifested the responsibility of state-owned energy giants in addressing energy utilization and environmental issues. TPRI GreenGen Ltd., Co.

™ , Holding Company,

financial contribution 51%

™ China Datang Group 7%

™ China Huadian Corporation 7%

™ China Guodian Corporation 7%

™ China Power Investment Corporation 7%

™ Shenhua Group 7%

™ State Development & Investment Co. 7%

™ China Coal Group 7% TPRI CHNG Participated in FutureGen Alliance

CHNG participated in US “FutureGen” project on Oct 27. 2005 TPRI GreenGenGreenGen stagestage II signingsigning ceremonyceremony inin 20062006 GreenGenGreenGen stagestage IIII TPRI signingsigning ceremonyceremony onon AprilApril 1818th 20072007

CHNG singed the agreement about GreenGen Stage II with the government of Tianjin City ,and will build 2×400 MW GreenGen in Tianjin TPRI

Key technologies

„ high efficiency and large scale gasification

„ gas cleanup

„ hydrogen gas turbine technology

„ FC

„ membrane separation

„ CO2 capture and sequestration

„ system integration TPRI

TwoTwo StagesStages 36t/d (10MWth ) GasificationGasification Funded by National “863” Program 2001-2005

700kg/d,1997-2000, funded by MOST and SPC 2000t/d， 2009 TPRI TwoTwo stagesstages gasificationgasification

Gasifier Type: • oxygen Entrained flow • 2 Stages Reaction • dry feed • No syngas recycle • with water cooling wall • with waster heat recovery • Pressure: 3.0MPa • Temperature: 1300~1600℃ • Cold syngas efficiency: >81%

• CO+H2>90% • Carbon conversion>98% TPRITPRI

36t/d (10MWth ) Funded by National “863” Program Pilot2001-2005 facility : Coal Feed Rate: 36 t/d Pressure: 3.0MPa Completed: 2005 Fund: MOST, CHNG Partners: 7 Syngas Cleaning Pilot Scale Facility at TPRI TPRI and Optimization Based on Aspen Plus Software for IGCC and FC System Design

TPRI TPRI TPRI R&DR&D onon FCFC

„ 5kW5kW SOFCSOFC fundedfunded byby MOST.MOST.

„ 50kW50kW MCFCMCFC fundedfunded byby MOST.MOST.

„ TheThe softwaresoftware forfor designdesign andand optimizationoptimization forfor FCFC powerpower systemsystem fundedfunded byby MOST.MOST. TPRI H2/CO2 Separation

Separation methods Shortcoming Advantages

Absorption Physical Bad absorption selectivity, CO2 can be separated only by so good absorbent decompressed and distilled, need little performance is the key regeneration energy.

Chemical High energy penalty Good absorption selectivity, CO2 concentration can be up to 99.9%. Adsorption Pressure Limited sorbent capacity, Low energy penalty and simple Swing so need more sorbent and process Adsorption high automatization for (PSA) sorbent’s frequent desorption. Cryogenic High energy penalty and Simple principle bulky facilities

Membrane Hard to get high Simple and compact facilities, so need

concentration CO2 little space. It has good efficiency and flexibility, easy to operation and low cost. No additional pollution(the cost is 25% lower than absorption ) TPRI

MeansMeans ofof GeologicalGeological SequestrationSequestration oror StorageStorage ofof COCO22 TPRI CO2 storage capacity in China COCO2 storagestorage inin deepdeep geologicgeologic formationformation andand TPRI enhanceenhance oiloil recoveryrecovery TPRI

TPRI,GreenGen Co. joined the COACH and will join the cooperation with UK for CO2 capture and sequestration

GeoCapacity

COACH

Geological map of the Bohai and Ordos Basins TPRI SummarySummary

„ China needsneeds GreenGen

„ Roadmap of GreenGen Program was ready in 2004

„ First stage demonstration project is based on the China’s intellective property, and will go into operation in 2009

„ Demonstration project is funded by MOST TPRI

Thank you for your attention !

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