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Lesson 1 the Land of Madagascar

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Lesson 1 the Land of Madagascar LUTHERAN HOUR MINISTRIES online mission trip Curriculum LESSON 1 THE LAND OF MADAGASCAR 660 MASON RIDGE CENTER DRIVE, SAINT LOUIS, MO 63141 | LHM.ORG 0117 LHM – MADAGASCAR Lesson 1 – The Land of Madagascar The Land of Madagascar Madagascar – the Great Red Island – is located in the Indian Ocean 250 miles east of Mozambique. It is the fourth largest island in the world with an area of 226,658 square miles, slightly less than twice the size of Arizona. It is shaped much like a giant footprint. The soil is made up of laterite, a type of stone that crumbles into reddish soil, hence the name, “The Great Red Island.” Madagascar is divided into three regions that run north and south along the length of the island. The narrow strip of tropical lowland along the eastern coast is one region. The high, mountainous central plateau is another region. The western part of the island composed of broad, hilly plains is the third region. The eastern region is characterized by rolling hills and white sand beaches. The plain is covered with rich soil. The central highlands consists of three separate areas. The first is a rocky bluff called the Betsimisaraka Escarpment and rises nearly 1,000 feet. On top of this escarpment is the second region known as the Great Cliff of Angavo. This cliff forms the eastern edge of the central plateau and rises up to 2,000 feet. Madagascar’s capital, Antananarivo, is located there. The third region is known as the plateau and rises 2,500 to 4,500 feet. Three ranges of mountains make up this area. Tsiafajavona Peak, the island’s highest point is part of the central area. The western area has low hills with wide plains between them. The rivers of the west have many mouths, all partially blocked by sand carried down from the highlands. Sand dunes and mangrove swamps line the western coast. Climate and Weather Madagascar’s seasons are the opposite of those in the United States and Canada. Summer lasts from November to April and is hot and wet. The winter is from May to October and is dry. July is the coolest month, with temperatures between 50 and 78 degrees Fahrenheit (10 to 25 degrees Centigrade). December is the hottest month with temperatures between 61 degrees and 84 degrees F (16 degrees and 29 degrees C). Temperatures are highest in the northwest and along the east coast. At Antsiranana on the northern tip of the island, temperatures average 81 degrees F (27 degrees C). The southern part has an average tempera- ture of 73 degrees F (23 degrees C) at Faradofay. In the interior temperatures are cooler due to the altitude. The average annual temperature at the capital Antananarivo on the central plateau is 63 degrees F (17 degrees C). Madagascar’s weather and rainfall is controlled by two wind systems: the trade winds and the monsoon. The trade winds, which blow from the southeast, carry rain that falls mostly on the east coast. The trade wind rains are strongest from May to October. The monsoon wind blows out of the northwest from November to April. The monsoon brings rain to the northwest and the plateau. In addition to the trade winds and the monsoon, Madagascar is subject to the cyclones occurring between December and March. These cyclones bring high winds and flooding. LHM – MADAGASCAR,LHM – CAMBODIA, LESSON LESSON 1 1 LHM – MADAGASCAR Lesson 1 – The Land of Madagascar (continued) Economy Madagascar suffers from chronic malnutrition, under funded health and education facilities, and severe loss of forest cover. Agriculture – mainly rice farming and cattle herding – employs 88 percent of the population. Rice is the single biggest crop. Coffee, vanilla, and cloves are grown for export. Although Madagascar is an island, its fishing industry is underdeveloped. The average yearly family income is about $850.00. Most of the people of Madagascar are extremely poor by world standards and consider themselves fortunate if they have two sets of clothes and a blanket. Toys, appliances, and other luxuries are out of reach for the majority of the population. Government The country is officially known as the Republic of Madagascar or Republique de Madagascar to the French-speaking residents. The capital, Antananarivo, is located in the central region. Madagascar won its independence from France on June 26, 1960, and adopted its constitution on August 19, 1992. Madagascar’s president is elected by popular vote to a five-year term and appoints the prime minister upon election. Plants and Animals Madagascar is home to many species of plants and animals found nowhere else in the world. The traveler’s tree grows through- out Madagascar. This tree has a thick spongy trunk which is divided into compartments with corklike walls that hold water. The name traveler’s tree comes from the fact that thirsty travelers can cut into the trunk and obtain a pint or so of liquid. Many types of thorn trees are unique to Madagascar. One type, the fantsilotra has rows of steel-hard thorns up to 3 inches long. The didierea grows in tall, tangled thickets that are almost impossible to penetrate. Madagascar’s baobab trees grow different than anywhere else in the world. The Madagascar baobab is shaped like a great bloated bottle. It will often have a trunk as much as 75 feet wide but only 60 feet tall. It is topped with tiny clusters of branches. The baobab’s fruit is called “monkey bread,” which is brewed into a mildly alcoholic beverage. Some people carve tombs into the trunks of the baobab tree. Some of the more exotic of Madagascar’s animals include several species of lemur, crocodiles, the Madagascar Boa snake, Bush Pigs, Bats, and the fossa, a catlike animal. Over 800 species of butterflies are found on Madagascar, many of which are portrayed on the official postage stamps. Many types of fish are native to the island including trout, bass, and tilapia, similar to perch. Madagascar’s most famous fish is the coelacanth, a very rare and once thought to be extinct species. LHM – MADAGASCAR,LHM – CAMBODIA, LESSON LESSON 1 12 LHM – MADAGASCAR Lesson 1 – Lesson Plan – The Land of Madagascar PRE-K GOALS FOR THE LESSON PRE-K LESSON PLAN DETAILS PRE-K SUGGESTED MATERIALS The students will locate Madagascar on a With the children seated in a listening area or in • Map or globe showing Madagascar map or globe. The students will define the their seats, hold up the large red footprint (prepared • Large teacher-made cardboard term “island” and identify the landforms in advance) and announce that today we will learn footprint (left foot), red in color on Madagascar. The students will name about Madagascar. Explain that it is an island - a piece and locate the capital of Madagascar. The of land surrounded by water. It is shaped like a giant • Red tempera paint mixed with students will make a model of Madagascar. footprint and is the fourth largest island in the world. liquid soap for easy clean-up The students will help make a bulletin board The soil is made up of lacerite -stone that crumbles • Tub of soapy water depicting Madagascar by coloring its flag into red dirt; hence, it is called the great red island. • Several towels and using such as a bulletin border. If possible, staple the red footprint onto a previously prepared bulletin board of ocean water with some • Heavy, white construction paper or or all of the continents showing, Africa in particular. cardboard Place the red footprint to the east of Africa. • White and green clay or white and Tell the children that the eastern (left) side of Mada- green tissue paper gascar is made up of white sand beaches and rolling • Glue hills. The central part is full of high mountains. The • White sand western (right) side is made up of hills/plains. The capital of Madagascar is in the central mountain • Blackline Master 1-1 area. It is named Antananarivo. • Red and green crayons, markers, or Have the children remove their left shoes. Paint the colored pencils bottom of each child’s left foot red with red paint • Scissors mixed with liquid detergent for easier cleanup. Have each child take turns stepping onto a piece of cardboard to make a footprint and then into a tub of water for cleanup. Have old towels ready to dry feet. Let prints dry. Cut out. Children could add a thin layer of glue and sprinkle white sand on the left side, shape mountains from white clay and place down the center and make hills from green clay and place down the right side. (Green and white tissue paper could also be used, scrunched, and glued.) NOTE: The children’s feet could be traced on white paper and colored red or cut from red construction paper. SAVE footprint models for the next day’s lesson. The children color the Blackline flag master and use it as a bulletin board border. CLOSING PRAYER Dear Jesus, Thank You for this beautiful world You created. Thank You for Madagascar. Please, help us to be witnesses to the people of Madagascar for You. Amen. LHM – MADAGASCAR, LESSON 1 3 Lesson 1 – Lesson Plan – The Land of Madagascar (continued) PRIMARY LESSON PLAN DETAILS PRIMARY PRIMARY GOALS FOR THE LESSON SUGGESTED MATERIALS The students will note the location and shape Using the globe (or map) show the children the location of Madagascar • Map or globe showing of Madagascar. The students will learn of the and the relationship of the Great Red Island to their homeland. Tell the Madagascar three regions of Madagascar, especially the children they will make a special map of Madagascar to show their fam- • Pictures of the lemur and backbone called the high plateau.
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