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Charlie Roots Paul F Document généré le 2 oct. 2021 08:02 Geoscience Canada The Tooth of Time: Charlie Roots Paul F. Hoffman Volume 39, numéro 4, 2012 URI : https://id.erudit.org/iderudit/geocan39_4clm01 Aller au sommaire du numéro Éditeur(s) The Geological Association of Canada ISSN 0315-0941 (imprimé) 1911-4850 (numérique) Découvrir la revue Citer cet article Hoffman, P. F. (2012). The Tooth of Time:: Charlie Roots. Geoscience Canada, 39(4), 185–194. All rights reserved © The Geological Association of Canada, 2012 Ce document est protégé par la loi sur le droit d’auteur. L’utilisation des services d’Érudit (y compris la reproduction) est assujettie à sa politique d’utilisation que vous pouvez consulter en ligne. https://apropos.erudit.org/fr/usagers/politique-dutilisation/ Cet article est diffusé et préservé par Érudit. Érudit est un consortium interuniversitaire sans but lucratif composé de l’Université de Montréal, l’Université Laval et l’Université du Québec à Montréal. Il a pour mission la promotion et la valorisation de la recherche. https://www.erudit.org/fr/ GEOSCIENCE CANADA Volume 39 2012 185 COLUMN The Tooth of Time: Charlie Roots G r e RAE CRATON Paul F. Hoffman a t 1216 Montrose Avenue, S l a v N Victoria, British Columbia McDonald Fault e T V8T 2K4 C L a l t h a s o n r k m a i e g m a t i c s Charlie Roots is a 56 year old field t s ie h a r c geologist with the Geological Survey of Ba e y a Canada (GSC) who lives in Whitehorse r and is based at the Yukon Geological z o Survey, a territorial government organi- n 10 km e zation. This is the story of my three brief encounters with Charlie, each separated by an hiatus of more than 15 years. Our most important and recent encounter was wordless—no meeting, SLAVE CRATON no phone call, no email—the perfect crime. Now, I must admit at the outset that when I learned in school that much of the Yukon had ‘escaped’ Pleistocene glaciation, I wrote it off for my purposes as an area of good soil and bad outcrop. I was mistaken. In January 1977, I was in a bit of a jam. The previous summer, with a Figure 1. Oblique ESE-looking satellite view of the East Arm of Great Slave Lake, crew of six, I had mapped the East Northwest Territories. Christie Bay, the third deepest freshwater column in the Arm of Great Slave Lake, NWT, a sys- world, was carved by Laurentide ice streams flowing toward the lower right. The East tem of deep channels and bays extend- Arm is underlain by nearly unmetamorphosed Orosirian (2.05-1.80 Ga) sedimentary ing 240 km into the Precambrian and igneous rocks, deformed by thin-skinned thrusts (not shown) and a system of Shield (Fig. 1). Christie Bay, the third right-slip faults (dashed lines) related to collisional indentation of Slave craton into deepest column of freshwater in the Rae craton. Great Slave Lake shear zone is a dextral mylonite zone developed with- world after lakes Baikal and Victoria, in a magmatic arc on the leading edge of Rae craton (Hoffman 1987). Reddish patch- owes its existence to erosion by ice es are recent forest fires. streams within the Laurentide Ice Sheet, guided by a canoe-shaped syncli- faults. One of them, the McDonald unable to map all the rocks as far norium of soft, nearly unmetamor- Fault, presents a linear escarpment that south as the McDonald Fault. My the- phosed, sedimentary and associated parallels the east arm and puts grani- sis project on the sedimentary succes- igneous rocks of Orosirian (late toid basement rocks against the soft sion revealed only one flaw in Paleoproterozoic, 2.05-1.80 Ga) age. sedimentary succession. Stockwell’s Stockwell’s map: a major carbonate As mapped by Cliff Stockwell map accurately portrays the geology platform and ramp, the Pethei Group, (Stockwell 1932, 1936), the synclinori- that he saw on the shorelines of the had a demonstrably-isochronous basi- um is a doubly-plunging upright struc- East Arm and accessible waterways to nal facies (Hoffman 1974) that he mis- ture, more tightly folded on its south- the south (Stark Lake, Murky Channel), takenly assigned to the stratigraphically eastern side, where it is broken by but without aircraft support he was overlying Stark Formation. Following 186 the discovery of an Orosirian conti- nental margin in the Wopmay orogen to the west, to which the main part of the sedimentary succession in the East Arm is genetically related (Hoffman 1969), I had disastrously interpreted the foldbelt as an ‘aulacogen’, the failed arm of a rift system active at the cre- ation of the continental margin, analo- gous to the Cenozoic Ethiopian Rift Valley, or the subsided Early Cretaceous rift arm at the head of the Niger Delta (Hoffman 1973). The urge to systematically remap the East Arm arose during a year of teaching in the University of California at Santa Barbara, on unpaid leave from GSC. There, John Crowell introduced me to the San Andreas strike-slip fault system and related sedi- mentary basins (Wallace 1990). He had demonstrated not only the large dis- Figure 2. Mosaic of 1:50,000-scale geological maps covering the East Arm of Great placement on the fault but also its Slave Lake, Northwest Territories, hand-coloured by Charlie Roots for display at the strictly Neogene age (Crowell 1962), 1997 GAC-MAC annual meeting in Vancouver and published as GSC Open File 475. surprising many who thought that Photographed using period equipment by direct sunlight in Victoria, BC, in December, great faults exploit ancient lines of 2012. For legend, see GSC Map 1628A (Hoffman 1980) available as a free .pdf down- crustal weakness. In map pattern, the load from the Geoscan database: http://geoscan.ess.nrcan.gc.ca/starweb/servlet.starweb McDonald Fault system (Stockwell 1936) has strong similarities and signif- 1987; Johnson 1990; Ritts and with sandy-red hair and a snaggle- icant differences compared with the Grotzinger 1994). A host of other sur- toothed grin. Charlie Roots was a San Andreas—it is a left-stepping right- prises emerged in the 19 weeks (and third-year student from Ottawa at slip system, linked not by rhombo- 1500 gallons of ‘kicker’ gas) it took to Dartmouth College in Hanover, NH, chasms (Carey 1958) but rhombic pop- remap the East Arm. In a lifetime of taking a semester break from classes. up structures. Large strike-slip dis- geological travels, I never again “Charlie is Fred Roots’ boy,” Ira told me placements (Thomas et al. 1976) would encountered such a diversity of geo- by way of introduction, “Fred Roots of have to be estimated in order to logical phenomena, exquisitely the Polar Continental Shelf Program.” In restore the Orosirian sedimentary exposed, in so small an area (Fig. 2). the wake of Sputnik, PCSP was basin. An off season between three- The following January, a pre- launched in 1958 as a federal govern- year, 1:250,000-scale, mapping projects liminary report on the East Arm was ment program to encourage interna- in northern Wopmay orogen offered published (Hoffman et al. 1977) and tional scientific research throughout the opportunity to remap the East compilation of twenty-five 1:50,000- the Canadian Arctic by providing com- Arm in 1976, my 10-year-old thesis scale geological maps (Hoffman 1977) munications, equipment, accommoda- project having been reactivated by was well underway. I hoped to display tions, liaison with residents and air GSC for this purpose. Straight away we the maps at the GAC-MAC meeting in support at contract rates. PCSP was found, between the East Arm and the May, before embarking on the next Fred Roots’ brainchild and he directed McDonald Fault, a stack of recum- mapping project in Wopmay orogen. I it for 14 years before becoming bently-folded basinal-facies thrust could finish the maps if I suspended Science advisor to the federal govern- nappes, refolded by the doubly-plung- my extracurriculars (e.g. running), but ment Minister of the Environment at ing upright folds (Hoffman et al. would still need help hand-colouring the department’s inception in 1972. He 1977). The refolded nappes extend for them for display—this was before digi- began as a geologist. When the 200 km along strike. They were the tal map production and colour printers. Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic first nail in the coffin of the aulacogen The Winter Works program, a federal Expedition of 1949-52 explored concept as applied to the East Arm of Liberal government initiative to reduce Queen Maud Land, conjugate to the Great Slave Lake, which eventually seasonal youth unemployment, provid- east coast of southern Africa, the only emerged as a collisional indentation ed help. Ira Stevenson, a congenial thing British about the chief geologist structure analogous to the Cenozoic geologist who had mapped in Nova was British Columbia, where Fred Bay of Bengal – Indo-Burman Ranges Scotia, northern Quebec and Labrador, Roots was born and educated (BSc, area of the India-Eurasia collision managed the program at GSC. On cue, MSc – UBC; PhD – Princeton). As the zone (Gibb and Thomas 1977; he came down to my office and intro- first modern and overtly international Badham 1978; Gibb 1978; Hoffman duced a broad-shouldered young man scientific expedition in the polar GEOSCIENCE CANADA Volume 39 2012 187 regions without territorial pretensions, it prepared the way for the Third International Polar Year, which became the International Geophysical Year, 1957-58 (Korsmo 2007; Roots 2011).
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