CBD Muscle Rub Tins - 10 Ct

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

CBD Muscle Rub Tins - 10 ct. Item No.: 36159 CBD Muscle Rub combines CBD, menthol, and a selection of Young Living premium essential oils such as Camphor, Clove, Lemon, Peppermint, Tea Tree, Wintergreen, and more. The result is a powerful balm that offers a cooling sensation and soothes sore muscles in seconds. Whether you’re relaxing after a workout or settling down after a long day, you’ll love the way CBD Muscle Rub cools your tired muscles after exercising or physical activity. This convenient sample pack includes ten pocket-sized tins that each contain 30mg of CBD, which makes it easy to share and take on the go. FEATURES & BENEFITS • Soothes sore muscles SCENT PROFILE • Soothes occasional tension Has a minty aroma with a hint of cinnamon. • Offers a cooling sensation DIRECTIONS • Fresh, minty, energizing aroma Apply to clean skin and massage well. CBD Muscle Rub can be used multiple times daily. SUGGESTED USAGE • Apply topically to soothe sore muscles INGREDIENTS • Use in massage after strenuous activity Camellia oleifera seed oil, Butyrospermum parkii (Shea) butter, Carthamus tinctorius (Safflower) seed oil, • Apply to neck, and shoulders to soothe occasional Beeswax, Menthol, Squalane, Cinnamomum camphora† tension (Camphor) leaf oil, Simmondsia chinensis (Jojoba) seed • Use as part of your pre- and post-workout routine oil, Melaleuca alternifolia† (Tea tree) leaf oil, Gaultheriaprocumbens† (Wintergreen) leaf oil, Citrus KEY INGREDIENTS limon† (Lemon) peel oil, Mentha piperita† (Peppermint) • Cannabidiol (CBD) is obtained from plants grown in oil, Eugenia caryophyllus† (Clove) bud oil, Tocopherol, the western United States. Our CBD contains 0.0 Cannabidiol (CBD), Artemisia annua extract, percent THC. Helichrysum italicum†(Helichrysum) flower oil, Arnica • Wintergreen contains methyl salicylate, which is Montana flower extract beneficial for soothing tension and fatigued muscles.* †Premium essential oil • Tea Tree is one of the most widely used and extensively researched essential oils, making it a must-have for every home. • Peppermint offers a sweet, cooling effect that invigorates the senses. • Clove contains the powerful constituent eugenol and antioxidant properties, and supports a healthy immune system and overall wellness. • Lemon helps support a healthy immune system, eliminates odors, and uplifts in times of melancholy by energizing and refreshing the environment. CBD Muscle Rub Tins - 10 ct. SAFETY YL Tip Contains 0.0% THC What is Smart Spectrum? Nature’s Ultra CBD products Tested for heavy metals, pesticides, and solvents. are crafted using a blend of high-quality CBD isolate with Keep out of reach of children. Not intended for children 0.0 percent THC and Young Living essential oils. We call under the age of 6 without advice of a health care this unique combination Smart Spectrum CBD, and it’s professional. Not for use with infants. For external use exclusive to Young Living! only. Keep away from eyes and mucous membranes. Do not apply to the face or broken or sensitive skin. If you are pregnant, nursing, taking medication, or have a medical condition, consult a health care professional before use. DISCLAIMER *These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. Young Living products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. YOU MAY ALSO LIKE Copaiba Peppermint Nature's Ultra Nature's Ultra Cool Essential Oil Essential Oil Calm CBD Roll-On Mint CBD Oil 300 mg Item No. 3431 Item No. 3614 Item No. 28482 Item No. 21558 Usage guide: Dilute Aromatic Topical Photosensitive Dietary 2021/04 US.

Copy Link

Recommended publications

Methyl Salicylate and Menthol | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
PATIENT & CAREGIVER EDUCATION Methyl Salicylate and Menthol This information from Lexicomp® explains what you need to know about this medication, including what it’s used for, how to take it, its side effects, and when to call your healthcare provider. Brand Names: US AMPlify Relief MM [OTC]; BenGay [OTC]; Calypxo HP [OTC]; Capasil [OTC]; Icy Hot [OTC]; Kwan Loong Pain Relieving [OTC]; Precise [OTC]; Salonpas Arthritis Pain [OTC]; Salonpas Jet Spray [OTC]; Salonpas Massage Foam [OTC]; Salonpas Pain Relief Patch [OTC]; Thera-Gesic Plus [OTC]; Thera-Gesic [OTC] What is this drug used for? It is used to ease muscle and joint aches and pain. What do I need to tell my doctor BEFORE I take this drug? If you have an allergy to aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen or naproxen. If you are allergic to this drug; any part of this drug; or any other drugs, foods, or substances. Tell your doctor about the allergy and what signs you had. If your skin is damaged or has open wounds. Do not put on damaged skin or open wounds. If you are taking any other NSAID. If you are taking a salicylate drug like aspirin. If you are pregnant, plan to become pregnant, or get pregnant while taking this drug. This drug may cause harm to an unborn baby if taken at 20 weeks or later Methyl Salicylate and Menthol 1/7 in pregnancy. If you are between 20 to 30 weeks of pregnancy, only take this drug if your doctor has told you to. Do not take this drug if you are more than 30 weeks pregnant.
[Show full text]
Poison Prevention Packaging: a Guide for Healthcare Professionals
PPooiissoonn PPrreevveennttiioonn PPaacckkaaggiinngg:: AA GGuuiiddee FFoorr HHeeaalltthhccaarree PPrrooffeessssiioonnaallss REVISED 2005 CPSC 384 US. CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION, WASHINGTON, D.C. 20207 THIS BROCHURE BROUGHT TO YOU BY: U.S. CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION Washington, DC 20207 Web site: www.cpsc.gov Toll-free hotline: 1-800-638-2772 The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) is a federal agency that helps keep families and children safe in and around their homes. For more information, call the CPSC’s toll-free hotline at 1-800-638-2772 or visit its website at http://www.cpsc.gov. Poison Prevention Packaging: A Guide For Healthcare Professionals (revised 2005) Preface The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) administers the Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970 (PPPA), 15 U.S.C. §§ 1471-1476. The PPPA requires special (child-resistant and adult-friendly) packaging of a wide range of hazardous household products including most oral prescription drugs. Healthcare professionals are more directly involved with the regulations dealing with drug products than household chemical products. Over the years that the regulations have been in effect, there have been remarkable declines in reported deaths from ingestions by children of toxic household substances including medications. Despite this reduction in deaths, many children are poisoned or have "near-misses" with medicines and household chemicals each year. Annually, there are about 30 deaths of children under 5 years of age who are unintentionally poisoned. Data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (a CPSC database of emergency room visits) indicate that in 2003, an estimated 78,000 children under 5 years of age were treated for poisonings in hospital emergency rooms in the United States.
[Show full text]
Topical Analgesics: Expensive and Avoidable
TOPICAL ANALGESICS: EXPENSIVE AND AVOIDABLE FAST FOCUS Some very expensive topical creams and gels are creeping into the workers’ compensation Close management of custom compounds prescription files. Previously, the issue of custom compounds was highlighted and the has decreased their prevalence in workers’ attention to these prescriptions has resulted in a decrease in the number of prescriptions compensation. But private-label topicals and homeopathic products have filled the void. seen. However, the price of these compounds has increased significantly. Neither is FDA-approved. Both warrant close monitoring because of their high costs and In addition to the compounds that are still being prescribed, other topical products are lack of proven efficacy. increasingly seen in the workers’ compensation setting. In this article, a spotlight is turned on to expose more expensive topicals — private-label analgesics and homeopathic products. 24 | RxInformer FALL 2013 SUMMARY OF PRIMARY ISSUES Issue Custom Compounds Private-Label Analgesics Homeopathic Products NDCs Available FDA-approved Proven clinical benefit Prepared by compounding — — pharmacy for a specific patient Contain high levels of NSAIDs — — Contain 2-3x the FDA-approved concentration of methyl salicylate — and/or menthol Can cause skin burns — Prescribers unaware of compound ingredients Prescribers unaware of high costs Expiration dating required — — TOPICAL PRIVATE-LABEL PRODUCTS FINANCIAL CONCERNS There are private-label companies marketing products similar to inexpensive, over- When compared with comparable over-the- the-counter products, but with catchy names, inflated claims and prices. Private-label counter (OTC) preparations, the private-label topical compounds are products containing OTC ingredients such as high-potency products’ prices are stunning.
[Show full text]
Experiment 22 Synthesis of Aspirin and Oil of Wintergreen
Experiment 22 Synthesis of Aspirin and Oil of Wintergreen GOALS: In this two-week experiment the important area of organic chemistry will be illustrated by the preparation and characterization of two compounds. The usefulness of functional groups will be illustrated as well as the use of NMR, IR, and melting point in characterizing a product. The analysis will be done next week in Experiment 23. INTRODUCTION: Synthesis and use of organic compounds is an extremely important area of modern chemistry. Approximately half of all chemists work with organic chemicals. In everyday life, many if not most of the chemicals you come in contact with are organic chemicals. Examples include drugs, synthetic fabrics, paints, plastics, etc. Synthesis of Aspirin and Methyl Salicylate. The two compounds we will be preparing, aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) and oil of wintergreen (methyl salicylate), are both organic esters. An ester is a compound that is formed when an acid (containing the –COOH group) reacts with an alcohol (a compound containing an –OH group). O O + C O C + O Eqn 1 R O H 1 H R2 R O R H H 1 2 ester water acid alcohol Here R1 and R2 represent groups such as CH3– or CH3CH2–. The reaction type shown above may be called a condensation reaction because the small molecule H2O is eliminated from the reactants while the remaining bits of the reactants condense together to give the main product. This reaction may also be called an esterification, since the product of the reaction is an ester, a compound containing the CO2R group (see chapter 20 for definitions of acids, esters, and alcohols).
[Show full text]
Note: the Letters 'F' and 'T' Following the Locators Refers to Figures and Tables
Index Note: The letters ‘f’ and ‘t’ following the locators refers to ﬁgures and tables cited in the text. A Acyl-lipid desaturas, 455 AA, see Arachidonic acid (AA) Adenophostin A, 71, 72t aa, see Amino acid (aa) Adenosine 5-diphosphoribose, 65, 789 AACOCF3, see Arachidonyl triﬂuoromethyl Adlea, 651 ketone (AACOCF3) ADP, 4t, 10, 155, 597, 598f, 599, 602, 669, α1A-adrenoceptor antagonist prazosin, 711t, 814–815, 890 553 ADPKD, see Autosomal dominant polycystic aa 723–928 fragment, 19 kidney disease (ADPKD) aa 839–873 fragment, 17, 19 ADPKD-causing mutations Aβ, see Amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) PKD1 ABC protein, see ATP-binding cassette protein L4224P, 17 (ABC transporter) R4227X, 17 Abeele, F. V., 715 TRPP2 Abbott Laboratories, 645 E837X, 17 ACA, see N-(p-amylcinnamoyl)anthranilic R742X, 17 acid (ACA) R807X, 17 Acetaldehyde, 68t, 69 R872X, 17 Acetic acid-induced nociceptive response, ADPR, see ADP-ribose (ADPR) 50 ADP-ribose (ADPR), 99, 112–113, 113f, Acetylcholine-secreting sympathetic neuron, 380–382, 464, 534–536, 535f, 179 537f, 538, 711t, 712–713, Acetylsalicylic acid, 49t, 55 717, 770, 784, 789, 816–820, Acrolein, 67t, 69, 867, 971–972 885 Acrosome reaction, 125, 130, 301, 325, β-Adrenergic agonists, 740 578, 881–882, 885, 888–889, α2 Adrenoreceptor, 49t, 55, 188 891–895 Adult polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), Actinopterigy, 223 1023 Activation gate, 485–486 Aframomum daniellii (aframodial), 46t, 52 Leu681, amino acid residue, 485–486 Aframomum melegueta (Melegueta pepper), Tyr671, ion pathway, 486 45t, 51, 70 Acute myeloid leukaemia and myelodysplastic Agelenopsis aperta (American funnel web syndrome (AML/MDS), 949 spider), 48t, 54 Acylated phloroglucinol hyperforin, 71 Agonist-dependent vasorelaxation, 378 Acylation, 96 Ahern, G.
[Show full text]
MENTHOL and METHYL SALICYLATE - Menthol and Methyl Salicylate Stick H.J
MENTHOL AND METHYL SALICYLATE - menthol and methyl salicylate stick H.J. Harkins Company, Inc. Disclaimer: Most OTC drugs are not reviewed and approved by FDA, however they may be marketed if they comply with applicable regulations and policies. FDA has not evaluated whether this product complies. ---------- Menthol and Methyl Salicylate PAIN RELIEVING STICK Drug Facts Active ingredient Menthol 10% Methyl salicylate 30% Purpose Topical analgesic Uses temporarily relieves minor pain associated with: arthritis simple backache muscle strains sprains bruises cramps Warnings For external use only SEE INSIDE LABEL FOR COMPLETE DRUG FACTS Allergy Alert: If prone to allergic reaction from aspirin or salicylates, consult a doctor before use. When using this product use only as directed do not bandage tightly or use with a heating pad avoid contact with eyes or mucous membranes do not apply to wounds or damaged, broken or irritated skin Stop use and ask a doctor if condition worsens redness is present irritation develops symptoms persist for more than 7 days or clear up and occur again within a few days If pregnant or breast-feeding, ask a health care professional before use. Keep out of reach of children. If swallowed, get medical help or contact a Poison Control Center right away. Directions adults and children over 12 years: apply generously to affected area massage into painful area until thoroughly absorbed into skin repeat as necessary, but not more than 4 times daily children 12 years or younger: ask a doctor Inactive ingredients ceresin, cyclomethicone, hydrogenated castor oil, microcrystalline wax, paraffin, PEG-150 distearate, propylene glycol, stearic acid, stearyl alcohol (245-111) Repacked by: H.J.
[Show full text]
(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,026,285 B2 Bezwada (45) Date of Patent: Sep
US008O26285B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,026,285 B2 BeZWada (45) Date of Patent: Sep. 27, 2011 (54) CONTROL RELEASE OF BIOLOGICALLY 6,955,827 B2 10/2005 Barabolak ACTIVE COMPOUNDS FROM 2002/0028229 A1 3/2002 Lezdey 2002fO169275 A1 11/2002 Matsuda MULT-ARMED OLGOMERS 2003/O158598 A1 8, 2003 Ashton et al. 2003/0216307 A1 11/2003 Kohn (75) Inventor: Rao S. Bezwada, Hillsborough, NJ (US) 2003/0232091 A1 12/2003 Shefer 2004/0096476 A1 5, 2004 Uhrich (73) Assignee: Bezwada Biomedical, LLC, 2004/01 17007 A1 6/2004 Whitbourne 2004/O185250 A1 9, 2004 John Hillsborough, NJ (US) 2005/0048121 A1 3, 2005 East 2005/OO74493 A1 4/2005 Mehta (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this 2005/OO953OO A1 5/2005 Wynn patent is extended or adjusted under 35 2005, 0112171 A1 5/2005 Tang U.S.C. 154(b) by 423 days. 2005/O152958 A1 7/2005 Cordes 2005/0238689 A1 10/2005 Carpenter 2006, OO13851 A1 1/2006 Giroux (21) Appl. No.: 12/203,761 2006/0091034 A1 5, 2006 Scalzo 2006/0172983 A1 8, 2006 Bezwada (22) Filed: Sep. 3, 2008 2006,0188547 A1 8, 2006 Bezwada 2007,025 1831 A1 11/2007 Kaczur (65) Prior Publication Data FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS US 2009/0076174 A1 Mar. 19, 2009 EP OO99.177 1, 1984 EP 146.0089 9, 2004 Related U.S. Application Data WO WO9638528 12/1996 WO WO 2004/008101 1, 2004 (60) Provisional application No. 60/969,787, filed on Sep. WO WO 2006/052790 5, 2006 4, 2007.
[Show full text]
Non Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
Non Steroidal Anti‐inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) 4 signs of inflammation • Redness ‐ due to local vessel dilatation • Heat ‐ due to local vessel dilatation • Swelling – due to influx of plasma proteins and phagocytic cells into the tissue spaces • Pain – due to local release of enzymes and increased tissue pressure NSAIDs • Cause relief of pain ‐. analgesic • Suppress the signs and symptoms of inflammation. • Exert antipyretic action. • Useful in pain related to inflammation. Esp for superficial/integumental pain . Classification of NSAIDs • Salicylates: aspirin, Sodium salicylate & diflunisal. • Propionic acid derivatives: ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen. • Aryl acetic acid derivatives: diclofenac, ketorolac • Indole derivatives: indomethacin, sulindac • Alkanones: Nabumetone. • Oxicams: piroxicam, tenoxicam Classification of NSAIDs ….. • Anthranilic acid derivatives (fenamates): mefenamic acid and flufenamic acid. • Pyrazolone derivatives: phenylbutazone, oxyphenbutazone, azapropazone (apazone) & dipyrone (novalgine). • Aniline derivatives (analgesic only): paracetamol. Clinical Classif. • Non selective Irreversible COX inhibitors • Non slective Reversible COX inhibitors • Preferential COX 2 inhibitors • 10‐20 fold cox 2 selective • meloxicam, etodolac, nabumetone • Selective COX 2 inhibitors • > 50 fold COX ‐2 selective • Celecoxib, Etoricoxib, Rofecoxib, Valdecoxib • COX 3 Inhibitor? PCM Cyclooxygenase‐1 (COX‐1): -constitutively expressed in wide variety of cells all over the body. -"housekeeping enzyme" -ex. gastric cytoprotection, hemostasis Cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2): -inducible enzyme -dramatically up-regulated during inflammation (10-18X) -constitutive : maintains renal blood flow and renal electrolyte homeostasis Salicylates Acetyl salicylic acid (aspirin). Kinetics: • Well absorbed from the stomach, more from upper small intestine. • Distributed all over the body, 50‐80% bound to plasma protein (albumin). • Metabolized to acetic acid and salicylates (active metabolite). • Salicylate is conjugated with glucuronic acid and glycine. • Excreted by the kidney.
[Show full text]
Reasons for Delegates' Final Decisions, February 2012
FINAL DECISIONS & REASONS FOR DECISIONS BY DELEGATES OF THE SECRETARY TO THE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND AGEING FEBRUARY 2012 Delegates’ final decisions on scheduling matters: · Initially referred to the October 2011 meeting of the Advisory Committee on Chemicals Scheduling (ACCS) [ACCS#3]; · Initially referred to the October 2011 meeting of the Advisory Committee on Medicines Scheduling (ACMS) [ACMS#4]; or · Considered as delegate-only matters, i.e. were not referred to an expert advisory committee. Notice under subsections 42ZXZS and 42ZCZX of the Therapeutic Goods Regulations 1990 (the Regulations) A delegate of the Secretary to the Department of Health and Ageing hereby gives notice of delegates’ final decisions for amending the Poisons Standard (commonly referred to as the Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Medicines and Poisons – SUSMP) under subsections 42ZCZS and 42ZCZX of the Regulations. This notice also provides the reasons for each decision and the date of effect of the decision. Edited versions of further submissions on interim decisions for matters referred to ACCS#3, or ACMS#4 are also available at www.tga.gov.au/industry/scheduling-submissions.htm. Matters referred to ACCS#3 and ACMS#4 Delegates’ interim decisions on recommendations by ACCS#3 and ACMS#4 were published on 21 December 2011, accessible at www.tga.gov.au/industry/scheduling-decisions- interim.htm. This public notice also invited further comment from the applicant and from those parties who made a valid submission in response to the original invitation for submissions (published 10 August 2011, accessible at www.tga.gov.au/regulation/scheduling- adv-com.htm).
[Show full text]
Opinion on Methyl Salicylate (Methyl 2-Hydroxybenzoate)
SCCS/1633/21 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety 15 16 SCCS 17 18 19 20 21 OPINION 22 on Methyl salicylate 23 24 (methyl 2-hydroxybenzoate) 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 The SCCS adopted this document 37 at its plenary meeting on 24-25 June 2021 38 SCCS/1633/21 Preliminary version Opinion on methyl salicylate (methyl 2-hydroxybenzoate) 1 2 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 3 4 Members of the Working Group are acknowledged for their valuable contribution to this Opinion. 5 The members of the Working Group are: 6 7 8 For the preliminary version 9 10 SCCS members 11 Dr U. Bernauer 12 Dr L. Bodin 13 Prof. Q. Chaudhry (SCCS Chair) 14 Prof. P.J. Coenraads (SCCS Vice-Chair and Chairperson of the WG) 15 Prof. M. Dusinska 16 Dr J. Ezendam 17 Dr E. Gaffet 18 Prof. C. L. Galli 19 Dr B. Granum 20 Prof. E. Panteri 21 Prof. V. Rogiers (SCCS Vice-Chair) 22 Dr Ch. Rousselle (Rapporteur) 23 Dr M. Stepnik 24 Prof. T. Vanhaecke 25 Dr S. Wijnhoven 26 27 SCCS external experts 28 Dr A. Koutsodimou 29 Prof. W. Uter 30 Dr N. von Goetz 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 All Declarations of Working Group members are available on the following webpage: 43 Register of Commission expert groups and other similar entities (europa.eu) 44 45 46 47 SCCS/1633/21 Preliminary version Opinion on methyl salicylate (methyl 2-hydroxybenzoate) 1 2 1.
[Show full text]
Cannabis Sativa L. )
ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪ و ﻛﺎرﻛﺮد ﮔﻴﺎﻫﻲ، ﺟﻠﺪ 1 ، ﺷﻤﺎره 2 ، ﺳﺎل 1391 ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ درﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ : /08 /06 1391 ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ ﭘﺬﻳﺮش ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ : /13 /09 1391 ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ اﺛﺮ ﺟﺎﺳﻤﻮﻧﻴﻚ اﺳﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎت ﺗﺮﭘﻨﻮﺋﻴﺪي در ﮔﻴﺎه ﺷﺎﻫﺪاﻧﻪ Cannabis sativa L. ( ) در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ي روﻳﺸﻲ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ ﺳﺎﻻري 1 * و ﺣﻜﻴﻤﻪ ﻣﻨﺼﻮري1 1 ﮔﺮوه زﻳﺴﺖ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ، داﻧﺸﻜﺪه ﻋﻠﻮم، داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺷﻬﻴﺪ ﺑﺎﻫﻨﺮ ﻛﺮﻣﺎن ﭼﻜﻴﺪه : : در اﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ اﺛﺮ ﺟﺎﺳﻤﻮﻧﻴﻚ اﺳﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎت ﺗﺮﭘﻨ ﻮﺋﻴﺪي ﻣﺸﺘﻖ ﺷﺪه از ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﺪي ﺳﻨﺘﺰ ﺗﺮﭘﻨﻮﺋﻴﺪ ﻫﺎ در ﮔﻴﺎه ﺷﺎﻫﺪاﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎم ﻋﻠﻤﻲ .Cannabis sativa L ﻛﻪ در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ روﻳﺸﻲ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ، ﭘﺮداﺧﺘ ﻪ ﺷﺪ . ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻫﺎي 1 5، ، 10 و 100 ﻣﻴﻜﺮوﻣﻮﻻر ﺟﺎﺳﻤﻮﻧﻴﻚ اﺳﻴﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻴﻤﺎر دﻫﻲ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎن اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ . ﺗﻴﻤﺎر ﻫﺎي ﺟﺎﺳﻤﻮﻧﻴﻚ اﺳﻴﺪ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ اﻓ ﺰاﻳﺶ ﻣﺤﺘﻮي ﻛﻠﺮوﻓﻴﻞ a و ﻛﻠﺮوﻓﻴﻞ ﻛﻞ در ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎن ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺷﺪ . اﻣﺎ ﻣﺤﺘﻮي ﻛﻠﺮوﻓﻴﻞ b ﻓﻘﻂ در ﺗﻴﻤﺎر 5 ﻣﻴﻜﺮوﻣﻮﻻر اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ . ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﺤﺘﻮي ﻛﺎروﺗﻨﻮﺋﻴﺪ ﻫﺎ در ﻫﻤﻪ ي ﺗﻴﻤﺎر ﻫﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎن ﻛﻨﺘﺮل اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ و ﺑﻴﻦ ﺗﻴﻤﺎر ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﻲ داري ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﻧﺸﺪ . ﻣﻘﺪار α - ﺗﻮﻛﻮﻓﺮول ﻫﻢ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺗﻴﻤﺎر ﻫﺎي 10 و 100 ﻣﻴﻜﺮوﻣﻮﻻر اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ . ﺗﻴﻤﺎر ﻫﺎي 1 5و ﻣﻴﻜﺮوﻣﻮﻻر ﺟﺎﺳﻤﻮﻧﻴﻚ اﺳﻴﺪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺗﺘﺮاﻫﻴﺪروﻛﺎﻧﺎﺑﻴﻨﻮل ( 9-∆ Tetrahydrocannabinol ) ( ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ داروﻳﻲ اﻳﻦ ﮔﻴﺎه ) ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ اﻳﻦ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ در ﺗﻴﻤﺎر 5 ﻣﻴﻜﺮوﻣﻮﻻر ﻣﺆﺛﺮﺗﺮ از ﺗﻴﻤﺎر 1 1 ﻣﻴﻜﺮوﻣﻮﻻر ﺑﻮد. ﺳﻄﺢ ﻛﺎﻧﺎﺑﻴﺪﻳﻮل Cannabidiol در ﻫﻤﻪ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎن ﺗﻴﻤﺎر ﺷﺪه ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ . ﻧﺴﺒﺖ THC/CBD در ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎن ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺣﺪود 0.4 0.4 ﺑﻮد ﻛﻪ اﻳﻦ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ در ﺗﻴﻤﺎرﻫﺎي 1 5و ﻣﻴﻜﺮوﻣﻮﻻر اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ و ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪود 14.58 و 15 رﺳﻴﺪ . ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺟﺎﺳﻤﻮﻧﻴﻚ اﺳﻴﺪ اﻧﺒﺎﺷﺖ ﺗﺮﭘﻨﻮﺋﺪ ﻫﺎي اوﻟﻴﻪ و ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ را در ﻛﻠﺮوﭘﻼﺳﺖ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﻣﻲ .ﻛﻨﺪ .ﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻠﻤﺎت ﻛﻠﻴﺪي : ﺗﺘﺮاﻫﻴﺪروﻛﺎﻧﺎﺑﻴﻨﻮل ( α ، ( THC- ﺗﻮﻛﻮﻓﺮول، ﺗﺮﭘﻨﻮﺋﻴﺪ، ﺟﺎﺳﻤﻮﻧﻴﻚ اﺳﻴﺪ ، ﺷﺎﻫﺪاﻧﻪ، ﻛﺎﻧﺎﺑﻴﺪﻳﻮل ( CBD ) ، ، ) ﻣﺨﻔﻒ :ﻫﺎ :ﻫﺎ 9 THC ∆ - Tetrahydrocannabinol CBD Cannabidiol IPP isopenthenylpyrophosphate ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ : ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻮﻛﻴﻨﻮن ) و ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎت ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري ﻏﺸﺎ ( ﻓﻴﺘﻮاﺳﺘﺮول ) ﻣﻲ ﺗﺮﭘﻨﻮﺋﻴﺪ ﻫﺎ ﻳﻚ ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ﺑﺰرگ از ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت ﺒﻴﻌﻲ را ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ.
[Show full text]
0 Running Head: ENDOCANNABINOIDS & LEARNING-INDUCED NEUROGENESIS
0 Running head: ENDOCANNABINOIDS & LEARNING-INDUCED NEUROGENESIS The Role of the Endocannabinoid System in Learning-Induced Neurogenesis Jegath C. Athilingam Department of Human Development, Cornell University Advisor: David M. Smith, Department of Psychology Senior Honors Thesis May 2011 Author Note: This honors project was done in collaboration with another undergraduate student, Ana Florencia Lopezulloa, with the assistance of graduate student, Orianna Sill. The background research and experimental idea were contributed by Jegath Athilingam. Surgical procedures and perfusions were performed by Orianna Sill. Behavioral data was collected by all three contributors (10 rats by Ana, 4 rats by Jegath, and 1 by Orianna). Immunohistochemistry, cell counting, and statistical analysis of both behavioral and immunohistochemical data was performed by Jegath Athilingam. ENDOCANNABINOIDS & LEARNING-INDUCED NEUROGENESIS Abstract Though it was previously thought that the birth of new neurons stopped after development, we now know that neurogenesis continues throughout life in some areas of the brain (i.e. the olfactory bulb and the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus). Learning, in particular, has been shown to facilitate the survival of newborn neurons in the dentate gyrus. The endocannabinoid system, famous for its activation by the illicit drug cannabis (marijuana), is known to play a role in learning as well as both developmental and normal adult hippocampal neurogenesis. This study aimed to test whether the role of the endocannabinoid system extends to the specific neuronal survival that is induced by learning. Fifteen male Long-Evans rats were injected with bromodeoxyuridine (a marker for newborn cells; BrdU), implanted with hippocampal injection cannulae, and trained on a hippocampal-dependent odor discrimination learning task while being infused with either rimonabant, which effectively blocks the endocannabinoid system, vehicle (DMSO), or saline control.
[Show full text]