TOPICAL ANALGESICS: EXPENSIVE AND AVOIDABLE

FAST FOCUS Some very expensive topical creams and gels are creeping into the workers’ compensation Close management of custom compounds prescription files. Previously, the issue of custom compounds was highlighted and the has decreased their prevalence in workers’ attention to these prescriptions has resulted in a decrease in the number of prescriptions compensation. But private-label topicals and homeopathic products have filled the void. seen. However, the price of these compounds has increased significantly. Neither is FDA-approved. Both warrant close monitoring because of their high costs and In addition to the compounds that are still being prescribed, other topical products are lack of proven efficacy. increasingly seen in the workers’ compensation setting. In this article, a spotlight is turned on to expose more expensive topicals — private-label analgesics and homeopathic products.

24 | RxInformer FALL 2013 SUMMARY OF PRIMARY ISSUES

Issue Custom Compounds Private-Label Analgesics Homeopathic Products NDCs Available    FDA-approved    Proven clinical benefit    Prepared by compounding — — pharmacy for a specific patient  Contain high levels of NSAIDs  — — Contain 2-3x the FDA-approved concentration of methyl salicylate   — and/or menthol Can cause skin burns   — Prescribers unaware of compound ingredients    Prescribers unaware of high costs    Expiration dating required — — 

TOPICAL PRIVATE-LABEL PRODUCTS FINANCIAL CONCERNS There are private-label companies marketing products similar to inexpensive, over- When compared with comparable over-the- the-counter products, but with catchy names, inflated claims and prices. Private-label counter (OTC) preparations, the private-label topical compounds are products containing OTC ingredients such as high-potency products’ prices are stunning. Why would anyone methyl salicylate, menthol, camphor or are homeopathic agents. These mixtures pay $110 per ounce for a private-label product largely approximate OTC formulations but come with substantially higher prices when the over-the-counter product costs just $5 justified by the manufacturer because they contain higher concentrations of some per ounce? ingredients than their OTC counterparts.

`` They are given brand names such as Medrox Rx® and Terocin® in an attempt PATIENT SAFETY to confer legitimacy, and can mislead prescribers into thinking they contain Another concern is patient safety. The private-label TOPICAL ANALGESICS: prescription drugs. products contain much higher concentrations of ingredients than the over-the-counter products. EXPENSIVE AND AVOIDABLE `` Many believe that a product with an NDC code means it is FDA-approved. This These higher concentrations don’t necessarily is not true. translate into better products. However, they do increase the risk for skin burns as announced by the `` The manufacturer’s label may state that these products require a prescription, FDA for the lower concentration over-the-counter but they are not FDA-approved and do not require a prescription according to products.44 FDA guidance.

`` Methyl salicylate and menthol products are a safety concern because of rare, but severe skin burn cases which resulted in an FDA warning for over-the- $80-$90 per oz Walgreens brand Medrox® Ultra Muscle Rub 43 (OTC)™ counter products containing much lower concentrations of the ingredients. (medroxicin) $7.99 per 6 oz

`` No clinical trials to prove efficacy are required for these products so a patient Example: Private-label topical vs. OTC may remain in pain needlessly. Private-label topical is $500 more expensive

Healthesystems | 2525 CUSTOM COMPOUNDS A mixture of prescription and non-prescription ingredients, these topicals are prepared in a compounding pharmacy for specific patients. Challenges and concerns with these compound mixtures include:

`` Some compounds contain very high concentrations of non-steroidal anti-inflammatories (NSAIDs) — 10 to 30 times what is approved by the FDA for topical use.

`` Others contain double or triple the concentration of methyl salicylate and/or menthol that has been reported by the FDA to cause rare but serious skin burns45 or high concentrations of lidocaine, which has resulted in deaths.46,47

`` No clinical trials to prove efficacy are required for these products so a patient may remain in pain needlessly.

INGREDIENT COMPARISON

Private-Label Topicals Comparable OTC Products Price per Price per Product Name & Ingredients Product Name & Ingredients 1 ounce 1 ounce

Dendracin® Lotion Neurodendraxcin $110.00 Ziks cream $5.00 Methyl Salicylate 30% Methyl Salicylate 12% Menthol USP 10% Menthol USP 1% Capsaicin 0.0375% Capsaicin 0.025%

Exoten C or Xoten-C lotion $89.00 Flex-All Ultra Plus® $1.60 Methyl Salicylate 20% Methyl Salicylate 10% Menthol USP 10% Menthol USP 16% Capsaicin 0.002% Camphor 3.1%

Medi-Derm cream $100.00 Rapid Alivio Roll On $3.20 Methyl Salicylate 20% Methyl Salicylate 10% Menthol USP 5% Menthol USP 3.5% Capsaicin 0.035% Capsaicin (not specified)

Castiva Arthritis Pain Relief cooling lotion Medrox® ointment $75.00 $2.80 Methyl Salicylate 14% Methyl Salicylate 20% Menthol USP 5% Menthol USP 5% Capsaicin 0.0375%

Medrox® Rx ointment $103.00 Walgreens Ultra Strength Muscle Rub $1.75 Methyl Salicylate 20% Methyl Salicylate 30% Menthol USP 7% Menthol USP 10% Capsaicin 0.05% Camphor 4%

Medrox® patch/pad $29.00 Salonpas pain relieving patch $.10 to $.50 per Methyl Salicylate 20% per Methyl Salicylate 6.3% patch Menthol USP 5% patch/ Menthol 5.7% Capsaicin 0.0375% pad Camphor 1.2%

Terocin® lotion $99.00 No comparable products Methyl Salicylate 25% Menthol USP 10% Capsaicin 0.025% Lidocaine 2.5%

26 | RxInformer FALL 2013 HOMEOPATHIC TOPICALS Homeopathic topicals usually contain extremely dilute substances. In most cases, they are so diluted that the ingredients cannot be detected by laboratory assays. Challenges and concerns with these topicals include:

`` No clinical trials to prove efficacy are required for these products so a patient may needlessly remain in pain without any improvement in condition.

`` There is no expiration dating required on these products.

`` These products are expensive. When comparing ingredients, they all seem to be strikingly similar.

SpeedGel Pro® SpeedGel Rx® Traumanil Gel® Tranzgel Gel®

Package size Package size Package size Package size 30 mL 30 mL 50 mL 50 mL

AWP $51.90 AWP $184.97 AWP $97.80 AWP $89.94

Billed at Billed at Billed at Billed at $328.68 $375.00 $242.00 $140.00

Ingredients 13 Ingredients 14 Ingredients 13 Ingredients 13

Ingredients in Ingredients in Ingredients in Ingredients in common 12 common 12 common 12 common 12

Ingredients (green are in common) Aconitum Napellus Chamomilla Hypericum Perforatum Arnica Montana Colchicinum Millefolium Belladonna Echinacea Angustifolia Symphytum Officinale Bellis Perennis Echinacea Purpurea Zingiber Officinale Calendula Officinalis Hamamelis Virginiana

RECOMMENDED ACTIONS Due to serious patient safety concerns, lack of proven efficacy and the inflated costs associated with these products, Healthesystems recommends claims professionals deny requests for these topicals or request a Letter of Medical Necessity.

Healthesystems | 2727 REFERENCES

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