Annual Report 2012 Supplement
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Solar Vehicle Case Study
UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA SOLAR VEHICLE PROJECT Weather Data Vital for Solar-Powered Vehicle Race When the University of Minnesota Solar Vehicle Project (UMNSVP) team was looking for a weather station to compete in the 2017 Bridgestone World Solar Challenge, they contacted Columbia Weather Systems. “One of the most important resources for our race strategy is real-time weather data,” said Electrical Technical Advisor Spencer Berglund. Founded in 1990, UMNSVP is a student-administered, designed, and built project that teaches members about engineering and management in a complete product development environment. The diverse design and construction challenges help further the school’s mission to “create the best engineers possible.” Over the years they have built 13 solar cars, competing in over 30 racing events across three con- tinents. A new car is designed and built every two years. “One of the most important resources for our race strategy is real-time weather data.” The Challenge - Spencer Berglund, The biennial Bridgestone World Solar Challenge event challenges univer- Electrical Technical sity teams from around the world to engineer, build, and race a vehicle Advisor that is powered by the sun. In preparing for the 2017 race, Berglund said, “Our lack of accurate weather data is a large limiting factor in maxi- mizing our race performance.” The Solution A Magellan MX500™ Weather Station was mounted on a support vehicle providing met data to help optimize power for the new solar-powered, Cruiser-Class car dubbed “Eos II.” Besides speed, Cruiser-Class vehicles focus on practicality and number of people in the car. Gearing up for the race, Berglund related, “We’ve been test driving a lot for the past few days and have been using your weather station for gathering accurate power to drive data for our car. -
Development of a Racing Strategy for a Solar Car
DEVELOPMENT OF A RACING STRATEGY FOR A SOLAR CAR A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF NATURAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES OF MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY BY ETHEM ERSÖZ IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING SEPTEMBER 2006 Approval of the Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences Prof. Dr. Canan Özgen Director I certify that this thesis satisfies all the requirements as a thesis for the degree of Master of Science Prof. Dr. Kemal İder Head of Department This is to certify that we have read this thesis and that in our opinion it is fully adequate, in scope and quality, as a thesis for the degree of Master of Science Asst. Prof. Dr. İlker Tarı Supervisor Examining Committee Members Prof. Dr. Y. Samim Ünlüsoy (METU, ME) Asst. Prof. Dr. İlker Tarı (METU, ME) Asst. Prof. Dr. Cüneyt Sert (METU, ME) Asst. Prof. Dr. Derek Baker (METU, ME) Prof. Dr. A. Erman Tekkaya (Atılım Ü., ME) I hereby declare that all information in this document has been obtained and presented in accordance with academic rules and ethical conduct. I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all material and results that are not original to this work. Name, Last name : Ethem ERSÖZ Signature : iii ABSTRACT DEVELOPMENT OF A RACING STRATEGY FOR A SOLAR CAR Ersöz, Ethem M. S., Department of Mechanical Engineering Supervisor : Asst. Prof. Dr. İlker Tarı December 2006, 93 pages The aerodynamical design of a solar race car is presented together with the racing strategy. -
Next-Generation Solar Power Dutch Technology for the Solar Energy Revolution Next-Generation High-Tech Excellence
Next-generation solar power Dutch technology for the solar energy revolution Next-generation high-tech excellence Harnessing the potential of solar energy calls for creativity and innovative strength. The Dutch solar sector has been enabling breakthrough innovations for decades, thanks in part to close collaboration with world-class research institutes and by fostering the next generation of high-tech talent. For example, Dutch student teams have won a record ten titles in the World Solar Challenge, a biennial solar-powered car race in Australia, with students from Delft University of Technology claiming the title seven out of nine times. 2 Solar Energy Guide 3 Index The sunny side of the Netherlands 6 Breeding ground of PV technology 10 Integrating solar into our environment 16 Solar in the built environment 18 Solar landscapes 20 Solar infrastructure 22 Floating solar 24 Five benefits of doing business with the Dutch 26 Dutch solar expertise in brief 28 Company profiles 30 4 Solar Energy Guide The Netherlands, a true solar country If there’s one thing the Dutch are remarkably good at, it’s making the most of their natural circumstances. That explains how a country with a relatively modest amount of sunshine has built a global reputation as a leading innovator in solar energy. For decades, Dutch companies and research institutes have been among the international leaders in the worldwide solar PV sector. Not only with high-level fundamental research, but also with converting this research into practical applications. Both by designing and refining industrial production processes, and by developing and commercialising innovative solutions that enable the integration of solar PV into a product or environment with another function. -
Supersonic Speed Also in This Issue: a Model for Sustainability Crystal Orientation Mapping Nustar Looks at Neutron Stars About the Cover
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory December 2014 A Weapon Test at Supersonic Speed Also in this issue: A Model for Sustainability Crystal Orientation Mapping NuSTAR Looks at Neutron Stars About the Cover A team of Lawrence Livermore engineers and scientists helped design and develop a new warhead for the U.S. Air Force. This five-year effort culminated in a highly successful sled test on October 23, 2013, at Holloman Air Force Base in New Mexico. The test achieved speeds greater than Mach 3 and assessed how the new warhead responded to simulated flight conditions. The success of the sled test also demonstrated the value of using advanced computational and manufacturing technologies to develop complex conventional munitions for aerospace systems. The artist’s rendering on the cover shows a supersonic conventional weapon as it emerges from its rocket nose cone and prepares to reenter Earth’s atmosphere. (Courtesy of Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency.) Cover design: Tom Reason Tom design: Cover About S&TR At Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, we focus on science and technology research to ensure our nation’s security. We also apply that expertise to solve other important national problems in energy, bioscience, and the environment. Science & Technology Review is published eight times a year to communicate, to a broad audience, the Laboratory’s scientific and technological accomplishments in fulfilling its primary missions. The publication’s goal is to help readers understand these accomplishments and appreciate their value to the individual citizen, the nation, and the world. The Laboratory is operated by Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC (LLNS), for the Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration. -
Home Power #18 • August/September 1990 Home Power
Support HP Advertisers! REAL GOODS AD FULL PAGE 2 Home Power #18 • August/September 1990 Home Power THE HANDS-ON JOURNAL OF HOME-MADE POWER People Contents Albert Bates From Us to You- Oregon Country Fair - 4 Sam Coleman Lane S. Garrett Solar Vehicles– 1990 American Tour de Sol – 7 Chris Greacen Electric Vehicles– The Shocking Truth – 11 Nancy Hazard Scott Hening PVs– The State of the PV Industry – 15 Kathleen Jarschke-Schultze Systems– Alternative Power on a Crusing Sailboat – 16 Stan Krute William Oldfield Systems– Remote Area Power Systems in New Zealand – 21 David MacKay Code Corner– The Shocking Story of Grounding – 26 Karen Perez Richard Perez Things that Work! – The Select-A-Tenna – 28 John Pryor Bob-O Schultze Wiring– Specing PV Wiring – 31 Ann Schuyler HP Subscription Form – 33 Wally Skyrman Gary Starr Basic Electric– How to Solder – 35 Toby Talbot Happenings – Renewable Energy Events - 39 Michael Traugot Larisa Walk Energy Fairs– Updates and Reports – 40 John Wiles System Shorties– Quickies from HP Readers – 44 Issue Printing by Valley Web, Medford, OR Homebrew – Shunt Regulator & Q-H Lamp Conversion – 46 Books– Essential and Entertaining RE Reading – 49 Legal While Home Power Magazine strives INDEX– Index to HP#12 through HP#17 – 50 for clarity and accuracy, we assume no responsibility or liability for the usage of Glossary– Definitions of Home Power Terms – 52 this information. the Wizard Speaks & Writing for HP - 56 Copyright © 1990 by Home Power Magazine, POB 130, Hornbrook, CA Letters to Home Power – 57 96044-0130. All rights reserved. Contents may not Home Power's Business - 63 be reprinted or otherwise reproduced without written permission . -
The History of Solar
Solar technology isn’t new. Its history spans from the 7th Century B.C. to today. We started out concentrating the sun’s heat with glass and mirrors to light fires. Today, we have everything from solar-powered buildings to solar- powered vehicles. Here you can learn more about the milestones in the Byron Stafford, historical development of solar technology, century by NREL / PIX10730 Byron Stafford, century, and year by year. You can also glimpse the future. NREL / PIX05370 This timeline lists the milestones in the historical development of solar technology from the 7th Century B.C. to the 1200s A.D. 7th Century B.C. Magnifying glass used to concentrate sun’s rays to make fire and to burn ants. 3rd Century B.C. Courtesy of Greeks and Romans use burning mirrors to light torches for religious purposes. New Vision Technologies, Inc./ Images ©2000 NVTech.com 2nd Century B.C. As early as 212 BC, the Greek scientist, Archimedes, used the reflective properties of bronze shields to focus sunlight and to set fire to wooden ships from the Roman Empire which were besieging Syracuse. (Although no proof of such a feat exists, the Greek navy recreated the experiment in 1973 and successfully set fire to a wooden boat at a distance of 50 meters.) 20 A.D. Chinese document use of burning mirrors to light torches for religious purposes. 1st to 4th Century A.D. The famous Roman bathhouses in the first to fourth centuries A.D. had large south facing windows to let in the sun’s warmth. -
Solar Car Faqs Day 1, 7:00 AM – Batteries Are Released from ASC 2010 Would Not Be Possible Without Our Volunteers
www.americansolarchallenge.org INNOVATORS EDUCATIONAL FOUNDATION The Innovators Educational Foundation (IEF) is a non-profit 501c3 organization Become a Sponsor Now that was formed in the fall of 2009 to carry on the American Solar Challenge for the 2011-2012 season mission. IEF currently hosts two events: Formula Sun Grand Prix, a solar car track * Multiple corporate donation event, and the American Solar Challenge, levels and opportunities the solar car road event. * Host the start / finish line A core group of dedicated volunteers, dinner to speak to all the teams mostly former competitors, provide the engine for IEF. They know first-hand the * Showcase your company on value of a hands-on, multidisciplinary, in-kind product donations innovative project to the education experience. * Individual donations accepted securely through the website In addition to experiential learning, www.americansolarchallenge.org these solar car events promote energy efficiency and raise public awareness of the capabilities of solar power. Contact Us Innovators Educational Foundation We appreciate your interest in the sport PO Box 2368 of solar car “raycing” and look forward to Rolla, MO 65402 seeing you on the road! [email protected] Support all of the teams with your donation to IEF! On behalf of the teams, staff, and sponsors, “Tour of the Midwest” FINISH welcome to the 2010 Naperville Sunday, June 20 – Saturday, June 26 American Solar Challenge! Broken Arrow, OK to Naperville, IL Normal Beginning with Sunrayce 1990, this year marks the 20th anniversary of solar car raycing events in North America. Designs and Topeka technologies have evolved over the years Jefferson Alton and these teams continue to show just how far City a solar car can go. -
Transportation Milestones
TRANSPORTATION MILESTONES The following is a list of transportation milestones that have occurred since the birth of our nation. Blue type indicates milestones for which a poster has been prepared in advance for your use. If time does not allow you to use all of the events listed, it is recommended the ones with an asterisk (*) be given highest priority— these are the ones provided on the sample timeline. Consider adding notable events that are of importance to your region— for example, Californians might want to include the Golden Gate Bridge while New Yorkers will probably add the Brooklyn Bridge. 1776 Propellor Submarine - Turtle (David Bushness, USA) 1779 Iron Bridge (Abraham Darby, England) 1781 Steam Engine Thomas Newcomen, England and James Watt, Scotland) 1781 Ornithopter (Karl Friedrich Meerwein, Germany) 1783 Hot Air Balloon (Joseph Michel and Jacques Étienne Montgolfier, France) 1787 Steamboat (John Fitch, USA— John Fitch is given credit for the first recorded steam-powered ship in the U.S. Connecticut and James The first successful trial of his boat was on the Delaware River in 1787. Delegates Rumsey, USA—West from the Constitutional Convention witnessed the event. The same year, James Virginia) Rumsey exhibited a steamboat on the Potomac River After a battle with Rumsey, Fitch was granted a U.S. patent for his steamboat in 1791—the men had similar designs. Fitch continued to build boats. While they were mechanically successful, Fitch failed to pay sufficient attention to construction and operating costs and was unable to justify the economic benefits of steam navigation. This was left to others. -
Mit Solar Electric Vehicle Team
MIT SOLAR ELECTRIC VEHICLE TEAM The MIT Solar Electric Vehicle Team (SEVT) TEAM GOALS: is a student organization dedicated to • Facilitate continuous demonstrating the viability of alternative innovation and deve- energy-based transportation. The team was lopment in all fields founded in 1985 and since 1993 has worked related to solar under the auspices of MIT’s Edgerton electric vehicles Center. through international participation and We build each vehicle from the ground competition up, allowing us to apply our theoretical knowledge while gaining hands-on • Give our sponsors manufacturing experience and project publicity through management skills. Team members work positive exposure and with professors and industry to overcome press coverage. the design and fabrication challenges • Provide members of inherent to this complex project. Since the MIT community its creation, the SEVT has built nearly 15 with incomparable vehicles and competed successfully in experience in engin- national and international races, most eering, management, recently the 2015 World Solar Challenge in marketing, and Austrailia. We are currently constructing business. our newest race vehicle for competition in the 2017 World Solar Challenge. • Be active in the com- munity, promoting We share our enthusiasm for applied alternative energy and engineering and renewable technologies by transportation. actively reaching out to local schools and • Inspire children the Greater Boston community. Through to pursue careers our interactions, we hope to educate in science and the public about alternative energy and engineering. transportation, as well as inspire the next generations of innovators. WHAT IS SOLAR RACING? In a solar car race, highly specialized Each solar car is accompanied by provement in efficiency and perfor- vehicles that run entirely on solar lead and chase vehicles to provide mance of their vehicles. -
VIPV Position Paper Final Version.Pdf
VIPV Position Paper Vehicle-integrated Photovoltaics (VIPV) as a core source for electricity in road transport Lightyear One, 2019 Content 1. Political Context............................................................................................................................... 1 2. Introduction to the VIPV Market ..................................................................................................... 2 2.1 Passenger Cars ............................................................................................................................... 3 2.2 Light- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles ..................................................................................................... 5 3. The Motivation for VIPV .................................................................................................................. 6 3.1 General Benefits of VIPV ............................................................................................................... 6 3.2 VIPV Energy Flow Model ............................................................................................................... 8 3.3 Environmental Benefits in Comparison to the German Grid Mix ................................................. 9 4. Requirements and To-Dos for VIPV ............................................................................................... 11 4.1 Important Selection Criteria for VIPV .......................................................................................... 11 4.2 Technological Requirements -
Heuristic Optimization for the Energy Management and Race Strategy of a Solar Car
sustainability Article Heuristic Optimization for the Energy Management and Race Strategy of a Solar Car Esteban Betancur 1,*, Gilberto Osorio-Gómez 1 ID and Juan Carlos Rivera 2 ID 1 Universidad EAFIT, Design Engineering Research Group (GRID), Cra. 49 N. 7 Sur 50, Medellín 050002, Colombia; gosoriog@eafit.edu.co 2 Universidad EAFIT, Functional Analysis and Applications Research Group, Cra. 49 N. 7 Sur 50, Medellín 050002, Colombia; jrivera6@eafit.edu.co * Correspondence: ebetanc2@eafit.edu.co; Tel.: +57-3136726555 Received: 7 July 2017; Accepted: 1 September 2017; Published: 26 September 2017 Abstract: Solar cars are known for their energy efficiency, and different races are designed to measure their performance under certain conditions. For these races, in addition to an efficient vehicle, a competition strategy is required to define the optimal speed, with the objective of finishing the race in the shortest possible time using the energy available. Two heuristic optimization methods are implemented to solve this problem, a convergence and performance comparison of both methods is presented. A computational model of the race is developed, including energy input, consumption and storage systems. Based on this model, the different optimization methods are tested on the optimization of the World Solar Challenge 2015 race strategy under two different environmental conditions. A suitable method for solar car racing strategy is developed with the vehicle specifications taken as an independent input to permit the simulation of different solar or electric vehicles. Keywords: solar car; race strategy; energy management; heuristic optimization; genetic algorithms 1. Introduction Solar car races are well-known as universities and college competitions with the aim of of promoting alternative energies and energy efficiency. -
Flexible Thin Film Solar Cells Using in the Car
World Electric Vehicle Journal Vol. 4 - ISSN 2032-6653 - © 2010 WEVA Page000793 EVS25 Shenzhen, China, Nov 5-9, 2010 Flexible Thin Film Solar Cells Using in the Car Qingfeng Su1, 2, Jianming Lai1, Genfa Zhang1, Shijun Feng1 and Weimin Shi2 1 Shanghai Lianfu New Energy S&T Co., Ltd., 1003 Wangqiao Road, Shanghai, 201201, China, [email protected] 2 Department of Electronics and Information Materials, Shanghai University, 149 Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China Abstract In recent years, renewable energy technologies are being explored to meet the challenges of energy security and climate change. Solar energy is a clean and green renewable source of energy. It is an inevitable option to use photovoltaic effect to directly convert sunlight into electricity. CuIn1-xGaxSe2 (CIGS) thin films were formed from an electrodeposited CuInSe2 (CIS) precursor by thermal processing in vacuum in which the film stoichiometry was adjusted by adding In, Ga and Se. The structure, composition, morphology and opto-electronic properties of the as-deposited and selenized CIS precursors were characterized by various techniques. A 17.2% CIGS based thin film solar cell was developed using the electrodeposited and processed film. The cell structure consisted of Mo/CIGS/CdS/ZnO/MgF2. The cell parameters such as Jsc, Voc, FF and η were determined from I-V characterization of the cell. The solar electric vehicle is made using flexible thin film solar cells. With the solar cell the full charge endurance of SEV can be increased about 35% substantially compared with no solar cells. Keywords: solar cells, thin film, flexible, lightweight, electric vehicle transforms the solar energy into electric power, 1 Introduction then the power is stored in the batteries, and then the batteries supplies the power to the electric Industrialized nations face an uncertain energy vehicle.