Indian History Culture
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Page 1 Release of Grant Ist Installment to Gram Panchayats under the Surcharge on VAT (Normal Plan) Scheme during the Year 2017-18 Sr. District Block Name of GP Payee_co Accounts Number IFSC Name of Bank Amount in ` No de 1 Ambala AMBALA I ADHO MAJRA 8K0N5Y 163001000004021 IOBA0001630 Indian Overseas Bank, Ambala City 54556 2 Ambala AMBALA I AEHMA 8Q0N60 163001000004028 IOBA0001630 Indian Overseas Bank, Ambala City 30284 3 Ambala AMBALA I AMIPUR 8P0N61 06541450001902 HDFC0000654 HDFC, Bank Amb. City 44776 4 Ambala AMBALA I ANANDPUR JALBERA 8O0N62 163001000004012 IOBA0001630 Indian Overseas Bank, Ambala City136032 5 Ambala AMBALA I BABAHERI 8N0N63 163001000004037 IOBA0001630 Indian Overseas Bank, Ambala City 30239 6 Ambala AMBALA I BAKNOUR 8K0N66 163001000004026 IOBA0001630 Indian Overseas Bank, Ambala City 95025 7 Ambala AMBALA I BALAPUR 8R0N68 06541450001850 HDFC0000654 HDFC, Bank Amb. City 51775 8 Ambala AMBALA I BALLANA 8J0N67 163001000004020 IOBA0001630 Indian Overseas Bank, Ambala City186236 9 Ambala AMBALA I BAROULA 8P0N6A 06541450001548 HDFC0000654 HDFC, Bank Amb. City 37104 10 Ambala AMBALA I BAROULI 8O0N6B 163001000004008 IOBA0001630 Indian Overseas Bank, Ambala City 52403 11 Ambala AMBALA I BARRA 8Q0N69 163001000004004 IOBA0001630 Indian Overseas Bank, Ambala City 88474 12 Ambala AMBALA I BATROHAN 8N0N6C 06541450002021 HDFC0000654 HDFC, Bank Amb. City 65010 13 Ambala AMBALA I BEDSAN 8L0N6E 163001000004024 IOBA0001630 Indian Overseas Bank, Ambala City 14043 14 Ambala AMBALA I BEGO MAJRA 8M0N6D 06541450001651 HDFC0000654 HDFC, Bank Amb. City 17587 15 Ambala AMBALA I BEHBALPUR 8M0N64 06541450001452 HDFC0000654 HDFC, Bank Amb. City 32168 16 Ambala AMBALA I BHANOKHERI 8K0N6F 163001000004011 IOBA0001630 Indian Overseas Bank, Ambala City121585 17 Ambala AMBALA I BHANPUR NAKATPUR 8L0N65 06541450002014 HDFC0000654 HDFC, Bank Amb. -
3-Art-Of-Indus-Valley.Pdf
Harappan civilization 2 Architecture 2 Drainage System 3 The planning of the residential houses were also meticulous. 4 Town Planning 4 Urban Culture 4 Occupation 5 Export import product of 5 Clothing 5 Important centres 6 Religious beliefs 6 Script 7 Authority and governance 7 Technology 8 Architecture Of Indus Valley Civilisation 9 The GAP 9 ARTS OF THE INDUS VALLEY 11 Stone Statues 12 MALE TORSO 12 Bust of a bearded priest 13 Male Dancer 14 Bronze Casting 14 DANCING GIRL 15 BULL 16 Terracotta 16 MOTHER GODDESS 17 Seals 18 Pashupati Seal 19 Copper tablets 19 Bull Seal 20 Pottery 21 PAINTED EARTHEN JAR 22 Beads and Ornaments 22 Toy Animal with moveable head 24 Page !1 of !26 Harappan civilization India has a continuous history covering a very long period. Evidence of neolithic habitation dating as far back as 7000 BC has been found in Mehrgarh in Baluchistan. However, the first notable civilization flourished in India around 2700 BC in the north western part of the Indian subcontinent, covering a large area. The civilization is referred to as the Harappan civilization. Most of the sites of this civilization developed on the banks of Indus, Ghaggar and its tributaries. Architecture The excavations at Harappa and Mohenjodaro and several other sites of the Indus Valley Civilisation revealed the existence of a very modern urban civilisation with expert town planning and engineering skills. The very advanced drainage system along with well planned roads and houses show that a sophisticated and highly evolved culture existed in India before the coming of the Aryans. -
Subsistence Strategies and Burial Rituals: Social Practices in the Late Deccan Chalcolithic
Subsistence Strategies and Burial Rituals: Social Practices in the Late Deccan Chalcolithic TERESA P. RACZEK IN THE SECOND MILLENNIUM B.C., THE RESIDENTS OF THE WESTERN DECCAN region of India practiced an agropastoral lifestyle and buried their infant children in ceramic urns below their house floors. With the coming of the first millennium B.C., the inhabitants of the site of Inamgaon altered their subsistence practices to incorporate more wild meat and fewer grains into their diet. Although daily practices in the form of food procurement changed, infant burial practices remained constant from the Early Jorwe (1400 B.c.-lOOO B.C.) to the Late Jorwe (1000 B.c.-700 B.C.) period. Examining interments together with subsistence strategies firmly situates ideational practices within the fabric of daily life. This paper will explore the relationship between change and continuity in burial and subsistence practices around 1000 B.C. at the previously excavated Cha1colithic site of Inamgaon in the western Deccan (Fig. 1). By considering the act of burial as a moment of social construction that both creates and reflects larger traditions, it is possible to understand how each individual interment affects chronological variability. That burial traditions at Inamgaon were continuously recreated in the face of a changing society suggests that meaningful and significant practices were actively upheld. Burial practices at Inamgaon were both structured and fluid enough to allow room for individual and group expression. The con temporaneous variability that occurs in the burial record at Inamgaon may reflect the marking of various aspects of personhood. Burial traditions and the ability and desire of the living to conforITl to them vary over time and it is important to consider the specific social context in which they occur. -
(Social Sciences) Ancient Indian History Culture
PUNYASHLOK AHILYADEVI HOLKAR SOLAPUR UNIVERSITY, SOLAPUR Faculty of Humanities (Social Sciences) Ancient Indian History Culture and Archaeology M.A. Part I Semester I & II w.e.f. June, 2020 1 Punyashlok Ahilyadevi Holkar Solapur University, Solapur School of Social Sciences Dept. of Ancient Indian History Culture and Archaeology M.A. Part-I CBCS Pattern (New)w.e.f. June 2020 Marks : 100 (70+30) SEMESTER -I AIHCA Hard Core HCT 1.1 History of Ancient India up to 650 A.D. HCT 1.2 Ancient Indian Iconography HCT 1.3 Prehistory of India Soft Core (Anyone) SCT 1.1 Introduction to Archaeology SCT 1.2 Ancient Indian Literature Practical/Field Work/Tutorial HCP 1.1 Practical/Field Work-I SCP 1.2 Practical/Field Work-II Tutorials (Library Work) Note: - 70Marks for theory paper & 30 Marks on Class room Seminars/ Study Tour/ Tutorials/ Field Work/ Project. 2 Punyashlok Ahilyadevi Holkar Solapur University, Solapur School of Social Sciences, Dept. of Ancient Indian History Culture and Archaeology M.A. Part-I, Semester-I CBCS Pattern (New)w.e.f. June 2020 Marks : 100 (70+30) HCT-1.1 History of Ancient India Up to 650 AD 70 Unit- 1: Sources and Historiography of Ancient India i)Geography ii)Historiography iii) Sources of Ancient Indian History Unit 2: Early of political institutions in ancient India i. Janapadas, Republic (Ganrajya) , Mahajanapadas in ancient India ii. Rise of Magadha Empire iii. Persian and Greek Invasions: Causes and Impacts Unit 3: Mauryan and Post-Mauryan India i. Chandragupta Maurya and Bindusara ii. Ashoka, his successors and decline of the Mauryas iii. -
Arts of the Indus Valley
2 ARTS OF THE INDUS VALLEY HE arts of the Indus Valley Civilisation emerged during Tthe second half of the third millennium BCE. The forms of art found from various sites of the civilisation include sculptures, seals, pottery, jewellery, terracotta figures, etc. The artists of that time surely had fine artistic sensibilities and a vivid imagination. Their delineation of human and animal figures was highly realistic in nature, since the anatomical details included in them were unique, and, in the case of terracotta art, the modelling of animal figures was done in an extremely careful manner. The two major sites of the Indus Valley Civilisation, along the Indus river—the cities of Harappa in the north and Mohenjodaro in the south—showcase one of earliest examples of civic planning. Other markers were houses, markets, storage facilities, offices, public baths, etc., arranged in a grid-like pattern. There was also a highly developed drainage system. While Harappa and Mohenjodaro are situated in Pakistan, the important sites excavated in India are Lothal and Dholavira in Gujarat, Rakhigarhi in Haryana, Bust of a bearded priest Ropar in Punjab, Kalibangan in Rajasthan, etc. Stone Statues Statues whether in stone, bronze or terracotta found in Harappan sites are not abundant, but refined. The stone statuaries found at Harappa and Mohenjodaro are excellent examples of handling three-dimensional volumes. In stone are two male figures—one is a torso in red sandstone and the other is a bust of a bearded man in soapstone—which are extensively discussed. The figure of the bearded man, interpreted as a priest, is draped in a shawl coming under the right arm and covering the left shoulder. -
Book Reviews
BOOK REVIEWS Indian Beads: A Cultural aud Technological Study. Shantaram Bha1chandra Deo. Pune: Deccan College Postgraduate and Research Institute, 2000. 205 pp., 7 color, 37 b/w plates, 3 maps, 24 figures, bibliography, no index. Paper 600 rupees. No ISBN. Distinctive Beads in Ancient India. Maurya Jyotsna. BAR International Series 864. Oxford: Archaeopress, 2000. 122 pp., 1 map, 10 figures, 7 tables, bibliography, index. Paper cover. ISBN 1-84171-067-9. Amulets and Pendants in Ancient Maharashtra. Maurya Jyotsna. New Delhi: D. K. Printworld, 2000. 102 pp., 4 maps, 12 figures, 3 tables, bibliography, index. Cloth 220 rupees. ISBN 81-246-0158-5. Reviewed by PETER FRANCIS JR. (1945-2003), former Director of the Centerfor Bead Research, Lake Placid, New York India is one of the world's largest countries rate with him on a book. That project with one of its most ancient civilizations. never happened, as Dikshit passed away in Blessed with immense natural and human 19(}9, just before his own History (?f Indian resources. It is no surprise that it is a lead Class was published. ing source of beads in both ancient and Deo received a fellowship from the In modern times. Only China is larger and as dian Council of Historical Research to ancient, but the Chinese have never been study and prepare a manuscript on Indian as interested in beads as have the Indians. beads during the years 1985 to 1988. He The Indian subcontinent has been unparal worked on the project for many years, long leled in terms of bead making, bead trad after the period of the fellowship. -
Copyrighted Material
Index Note: Page numbers in italics refer to figures and tables. 16R dune site, 36, 43, 440 Adittanallur, 484 Adivasi peoples see tribal peoples Abhaipur, 498 Adiyaman dynasty, 317 Achaemenid Empire, 278, 279 Afghanistan Acharyya, S.K., 81 in “Aryan invasion” hypothesis, 205 Acheulean industry see also Paleolithic era in history of agriculture, 128, 346 in Bangladesh, 406, 408 in human dispersals, 64 dating of, 33, 35, 38, 63 in isotope analysis of Harappan earliest discovery of, 72 migrants, 196 handaxes, 63, 72, 414, 441 skeletal remains found near, 483 in the Hunsgi and Baichbal valleys, 441–443 as source of raw materials, 132, 134 lack of evidence in northeastern India for, 45 Africa major sites of, 42, 62–63 cultigens from, 179, 347, 362–363, 370 in Nepal, 414 COPYRIGHTEDhominoid MATERIAL migrations to and from, 23, 24 in Pakistan, 415 Horn of, 65 related hominin finds, 73, 81, 82 human migrations from, 51–52 scholarship on, 43, 441 museums in, 471 Adam, 302, 334, 498 Paleolithic tools in, 40, 43 Adamgarh, 90, 101 research on stature in, 103 Addanki, 498 subsistence economies in, 348, 353 Adi Badri, 498 Agara Orathur, 498 Adichchanallur, 317, 498 Agartala, 407 Adilabad, 455 Agni Purana, 320 A Companion to South Asia in the Past, First Edition. Edited by Gwen Robbins Schug and Subhash R. Walimbe. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Published 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 0002649130.indd 534 2/17/2016 3:57:33 PM INDEX 535 Agra, 337 Ammapur, 414 agriculture see also millet; rice; sedentism; water Amreli district, 247, 325 management Amri, -
Sculptures-Indus Period
UNITl SCULPTURES-INDUS PERIOD Structure 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Objectives 1.3 The Indus Valley Civilization - Background 1.4 Sculptural Art Engraving - Seals Rounded Sculptures 1.5 Stylistic Features 1.6 Representational Examples 1.7 Summary 1.8 Self-Assessment Questions 1.9 Terminal Questions. 1.10 Answers to Terminal Questions 1.1 INTRODUCTION In the previous unit you have studied the different techniques followed by Indian sculptors during historical times. In every period the sculptures are created in different styles. This shows the artistic achievements of the respective period. In this unit we shall discuss the sculpture as developed in the Indus Valley civilization. 1.2 OBJECTIVES After reading this unit you will be able to: • describe the Indus civilization and the sculptures of the period; • discuss about the subjects chosen for sculptures; • explain the types of sculptures; and • discuss about the trends and approaches in sculpture of Indus period. 1.3 INDUS VALLEYCIVILIZATION -BACKGROUND The Indus Valley civilization, which flourished from 3000 BC, marked the beginning of a great civilization in the sub-continent. It was situated on the banks of the Indus and Saraswati rivers and their tributaries initially. Later it extended into Ganges- Yamuna Doab region and also into Afghanistan. Among the settlements were the major urban centres ofHarappa and Mohenjodaro located in Pakistan, Lothal, Rangpur, Surkothada, Kalibangan, Rakhigarhi, Dholavira, Daimabad, Kunal and many other places located .in India. The famous archaeologists who have discovered many of these sites and conducting research on various aspects are John Marshcll, a.B.Lal, S.R.Rao, Bhist, and others. -
Kalibangan : Death from Natural Causes
ANTIQUITY, XLII, 1968 Kalibangan : Death from Natural Causes by ROBERT RAIKES Mr R. L. Raikes is a hydrologist who is head of the firm of Raikes and Partners, consulting engineers in Rome. We recently published an article by him on ‘The Mohenjo-daro Floods’ (ANTIQUITY, 1965, 196), in which he concluded that Mohmjo-daro and ‘inevitably all other sites in the same general area of the Indus jlood-plain, were gradually engulfed by mud’. This article provoked discussion and comment in subsequent numbers. Mr Raikes now considers the end of Kalibangan some time in the 18thcentury BC and excludes the hypothesis of catastrophic climate change. As he has recently been accused of being a prophet of the New Catastrophism, he says that here it is rather a relief to him to be able, with conviction, to exclude catastrophic climate change. ALIBANGAN, which has been ex- Sind and the central Punjab-Mohenjo-daro, K cavated during recent years-and is still Harappa, Chanhu-daro, Judeir-jo daro, being excavated at the time of writing-by the Lohumjo-daro, to name but a few-may be of Archaeological Survey of India, is one of the significance. For, whereas the other ‘cities’ more important sites of the Harappan Civiliza- named were constructed largely of burnt brick, tion in India (FIG. I). Interim reports on it have Kalibangan was mainly of mud-brick construc- been published in Indian Archaeology. The tion. Some use of burnt brick there certainly subject of this short paper will in due course be was but the comparative rarity of it suggests the published in full, with the necessary technical possibility that the means of producing large details, in Ancient India. -
A New Study on the Food System of Indus Valley Civilization
A new study on the food system of Indus Valley civilization December 10, 2020 In news A new study finds that Indus Valley Civilization diet had the dominance of meat Key findings of the study A new study, titled “Lipid residues in pottery from the Indus Civilisation in northwest India’’ looks at the food habit of the people of that era on the basis of lipid residue analysis found in pottery from Harappan sites in Haryana. It finds that the diet of the people of Harappan civilization had a dominance of meat, including extensive eating of beef The study also finds dominance of animal products such as meat of pigs, cattle, buffalo, sheep and goat, as well as dairy products, used in ancient ceramic vessels from rural and urban settlements of Indus Valley civilization in northwest India The study says that out of domestic animals, cattle/buffalo are the most abundant, averaging between 50% and 60% of the animal bones found, with sheep/goat accounting for 10% of animal remains. It says that the high proportions of cattle bones may suggest a cultural preference for beef consumption across Indus populations, supplemented by consumption of mutton/lamb As per the study at Harappa, 90% of the cattle were kept alive until they were three or three-and-a-half years, suggesting that females were used for dairying production, whereas male animals were used for traction. The study states that wild animal species like deer, antelope, gazelle, hares, birds, and riverine/marine resources are also found in small proportions in the faunal assemblages of both -
Model Test Paper-1
MODEL TEST PAPER-1 No. of Questions: 120 Time: 2 hours Codes: I II III IV (a) A B C D Instructions: (b) C A B D (c) A C D B (A) All questions carry equal marks (d) C A D B (B) Do not waste your time on any particular question 4. Where do we find the three phases, viz. Paleolithic, (C) Mark your answer clearly and if you want to change Mesolithic and Neolithic Cultures in sequence? your answer, erase your previous answer completely. (a) Kashmir Valley (b) Godavari Valley (c) Belan Valley (d) Krishna Valley 1. Pot-making, a technique of great significance 5. Excellent cave paintings of Mesolithic Age are found in human history, appeared first in a few areas at: during: (a) Bhimbetka (b) Atranjikhera (a) Early Stone Age (b) Middle Stone Age (c) Mahisadal (d) Barudih (c) Upper Stone Age (d) Late Stone Age 6. In the upper Ganga valley iron is first found associated 2. Which one of the following pairs of Palaeolithic sites with and areas is not correct? (a) Black-and-Red Ware (a) Didwana—Western Rajasthan (b) Ochre Coloured Ware (b) Sanganakallu—Karnataka (c) Painted Grey Ware (c) Uttarabaini—Jammu (d) Northern Black Polished Ware (d) Riwat—Pakistani Punjab 7. Teri sites, associated with dunes of reddened sand, 3. Match List I with List II and select the answer from are found in: the codes given below the lists: (a) Assam (b) Madhya Pradesh List I List II (c) Tamil Nadu (d) Andhra Pradesh Chalcolithic Cultures Type Sites 8. -
Unit 10 Chalcolithic and Early Iron Age-I
UNIT 10 CHALCOLITHIC AND EARLY IRON AGE-I Structure 10.0 Objectives 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Ochre Coloured Pottery Culture 10.3 The Problems of Copper Hoards 10.4 Black and Red Ware Culture 10.5 Painted Grey Ware Culture 10.6 Northern Black Polished Ware Culture 10.6.1 Structures 10.6.2 Pottery 10.6.3 Other Objects 10.6.4 Ornaments 10.6.5 Terracotta Figurines 10.6.6 Subsistence Economy and Trade 10.7 Chalcolithic Cultures of Western, Central and Eastern India 10.7.1 Pottery: Diagnostic Features 10.7.2 Economy 10.7.3 Houses and Habitations 10.7.4 Other 'characteristics 10.7.5 Religion/Belief Systems 10.7.6 Social Organization 10.8 Let Us Sum Up 10.9 Key Words 10.10 Answers to Check Your Progress Exercises 10.0 OBJECTIVES In Block 2, you have learnt about'the antecedent stages and various aspects of Harappan culture and society. You have also read about its geographical spread and the reasons for its decline and diffusion. In this unit we shall learn about the post-Harappan, Chalcolithic, and early Iron Age Cultures of northern, western, central and eastern India. After reading this unit you will be able to know about: a the geographical location and the adaptation of the people to local conditions, a the kind of houses they lived in, the varieties of food they grew and the kinds of tools and implements they used, a the varietie of potteries wed by them, a the kinds of religious beliefs they had, and a the change occurring during the early Iron age.