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OF THE

AMERICAN PHILOSOPHICALSOCIETY,

HELD AT ,

FOR PROMOTING USEFUL KNOWLEDGE.

VOL. XI.-NEW SERIES.

PUBLISHED BY THE SOCIETY.

3hffIavlpyhfa: WILLIAM S. YOUNG, PRINTER, 52 NORTH SIXTH STREET. 1860. EXTRACT

FROM THE LAWS OF THE SOCIETY RELATING TO THE TRANSACTIONS.

1. Every communication to the Society which may be considered as intended for a place in the Transactions, shall immediately be referred to a committee to consider and report thereon. 2. If the committee shall report in favour of publishing the communication, they shall make such corrections therein as they may judge necessary to fit it for the press; or, if they shall judge the publication of an abstract or extracts from the paper to be more eligible, they shall accompany their report with such abstract or extracts. But if the author do not approve of the corrections, abstract or extracts, reported by the committee, he shall be at liberty to withdraw his paper. 3. Communications not intended by their authors for publication in the Transactions, will be received by the Society, and the title or subject of them recorded; and, if they be in writing, they shall be filed by the secretaries. 4. The Transactions shall be published in numbers, at as short intervals as practicable, under the direction of the committee of publication, and in such a form as the Society shall from time to time direct; and every communication ordered to be published in the Transactions shall be immediately sent to the printer, and fifty copies thereof be given to the author as soon as printed. 5. The order in which papers are read shall determine their places in the Transactions, unless otherwise ordered by the Society; priority of date giving priority of location. 6. The expenses of publishing the Transactions shall be defrayed by subscriptions and sales, aided by such funds as the Society shall from time to time appropriate for that purpose.

COMMITTEE OF PUBLICATION.

ROBERT BRIDGES, THOMASP. JAMES, EDWARD HARTSHORNE, HENRY COPPEE, CASPAR WISTER.

2 OFFICERS

OF THE

AMERICAN PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY.

FOR THE YEAR 1860.

PATRON, His Excellency, the Governor of . PRESIDENT, George B. Wood. ( John C. Cresson, VICE-PRESIDENTS, .. . Isaac Lea, I George Sharswood. fCharles B. Trego, I E. Otis Kendall, . SECRETARIES, * * I John L. Le Conte, J. P. Lesley. rFranklin Peale, CURATORS, ...... Elias Durand, ( Joseph Carson. TREASURER, . Charles B. Trego. Alfred L. ( Elwyn, John s.In 1858,. Bell, COUNSELLORS,elected for three ye ~ars.aIn * Henry Coppee, Edward King. Isaac Hays, E. In 1859, iRobert Rogers, Henry C. Carey, - Robert Bridges. ( George 3. Justice, George Tucker, rIn1860, n?. 1 , Robert Patterson, I Henry Vethake. LIBRARIAN, . . J. P. Lesley. LIST OF MEMBERS

OF THE

AMERICAN PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY

Elected since the publication of the Fourth Volume.

Edward Stanley, F. R. S., of London. William Parker Foulke, of Philadelphia. James Paget, F. R. S., of London. Spencer F. Baird, of Washington City, D. C. Sir John W. Herschel, of London. C. Fr. Ph. von Martius, of Munich. E. Brown Sequard, M. D., of . William IIaidinger, of Vienna. John II. B. Latrobe, of . V. Regnault, of Paris. Montgomery C. Meigs, U. S. Army, Washington. , of Newport, Rhode Island. Benjamin Hallowell, of Alexandria, Virginia. Elisha J. Lewis, M. D., of Philadelphia. George Harding, of Philadelphia. E. P. Rogers, D. D., of Philadelphia. Francis West, M. D., of Philadelphia. Robert E. Rogers, M. D., of Philadelphia. George A. M'Call, of Philadelphia. Albert Barnes, of Philadelphia. Samuel M. Felton, of Philadelphia. Henry Coppee, of Philadelphia. Samuel D. Gross, M. D., of Louisville, Kentucky. George Allen, of Philadelphia. Dr. Charles Renard, of Moscow. Strickland Kneass, of Philadelphia. C. A. Dohrn, of Stettin. Henry William Field, of London. William Bacon Stevens, D. D., of Philadelphia. John P. Brown, of Constantinople. Benjamin Gerhard, of Philadelphia. George Augustus Matile, of Philadelphia. Elias Durand, of Philadelphia. Thomas L. Kane, of Philadelphia. William V. Keating, M. D., of Philadelphia. William B. Reed, of Philadelphia. Joshua J. Cohen, M. D., of Baltimore. Clement A. Finley, U. S. Army, of Philadelphia. Lord Mahon, of England. Albert S. Letchworth, of Philadelphia. James Lenox, of New York. Theodore Lacordaire, of Liege. Eli K. Price, of Philadelphia. Dr. Hermann Burmeister, of Halle. Constant Guillou, of Philadelphia. Samuel L. Hollingsworth, M. D., of Philadelphia. James D. Dana, of New Haven. Christian Olrik, of Denmark. Oliver Wolcott Gibbs, NI.D., of New York. John C. Adamson, D. D., of Philadelphia. James Hall, of Albany, New York. J. P. Lesley, of Philadelphia. xii LIST OF MEMBERSELECTED.

John Leyburn, of Philadelphia. William M. Uhler, M. D., of Philadelphia. Hugh Blair Grigsby, LL. D., of Virginia. Charles E. Smith, of Philadelphia. Robert P. Harris, M. D., of Philadelphia. Edward Hartshorne, M. D., of Philadelphia. Thomas F. Betton, of Germantown. Oswald Thompson, of Philadelphia. Theodore Cuyler, of Philadelphia. Edmund C. Evans, M. D., of Chester Co., Pennsylvania. Thomas P. James, of Philadelphia. Caspar Wister, M. D., of Philadelphia. Nathaniel P. Shurtleff, M. D., of . Walter H. Lowrie, Judge of Supreme Court of Penn. Fairman Rogers, of Philadelphia. William S. Vaux, of Philadelphia. B. Howard Rand, M. D., of Philadelphia. William R. Palmer, U. S. Topographical Engineers. Charles M. Cresson, M. D., of Philadelphia. Samuel H. Dickson, Prof. of the Practice of Medicine in Kingston Goddard, of Philadelphia. Jefferson College, Philadelphia. J. Lawrence Smith, M. D., of Louisville. Henry Carleton, formerly of New Orleans, now of Phila. E. Spencer Miller, of Philadelphia. William A. Hammond, M.D., U. S. Army. A. A. Iumphreys, U. S. Topographical Engineers. P. Angelo Secchi, Professor of Astronomy at Rome. Elia Lombardini, Civil Engineer, of Milan, Italy. Aubrey H. Smith, Attorney at Law, Philadelphia. Henry C. Wayne, U. S. Army. Francis W. Lewis, M. D., of Philadelphia. W. H. Allen, President of Girard College, Philadelphia. LIST

OF

MEMBERS REPORTED DECEASED.

SINCE THE PUBLICATION OF THE LAST VOLUME,

Joseph Addison Alexander, of Princeton, N. J. Edward Hallowell, M. D., of Philadelphia. William P. C. Barton, M. D., of Philadelphia. Robert Hare, M. D., of Philadelphia. J. W. Bailey, of West Point, New York. Thomas Horsfield, of Calcutta. Sir Francis Beaufort, of England. Alexander Von Humboldt, of Berlin. C. F. Beck, M. D., of Philadelphia. Washington Irving, of New York. T. Romeyn Beck, of Albany. Joel Jones, of Philadelphia. C. C. Biddle, of Philadelphia. John K. Kane, of Philadelphia. Thomas Biddle, of Philadelphia. Elisha K. Kane, of Philadelphia. Robert M. Bird, of Philadelphia. Charles Robert Leslie, of London. Charles Lucien Bonaparte, Prince of Canino. John Locke, M. D., of Cincinnati. William C. Bond, of Cambridge, Massachusetts. John Ludlow, D. D., of Philadelphia. George Campbell, of Philadelphia. John Y. Mason, of Virginia. Baron Cauchy, of Paris. William Mcllvaine, of Burlington. Langdon Cheves, of Columbia, S. C. Louis McLane, of Baltimore. Parker Cleveland, of Brunswick, Maine. Charles McEuen, of Philadelphia. William Bengo Collyer, of London. F. Andre Michaux, of Vaureal, . Thomas P. Cope, of Philadelphia. John K. Mitchell, M. D., of Philadelphia. Edward H. Courtenay, of Charlottesburg, Virginia. Charles Fenton Mercer, of Virginia. A. L. Crelle, of Berlin. Jacob G. Morris, of Philadelphia. Isaac R. Davis, of Philadelphia. Thomas G. Mower, of the U. S. Army. William H. Dillingham, of Philadelphia. Johannes MlUller,of Berlin. James P. Espy, of Washington, D. C. Thomas D. Mutter, M. D., of Philadelphia. Gotthelf Fisher, of Moscow. Charles Nagy, of Pesth, Hungary. J. C. Flagel, of Leipsic. Manuel De Naxera, of Mexico. C. F. Gauss, of Gottingen. Thomas Nuttall, of England. James Gibson, of Philadelphia. Robert M. Patterson, of Philadelphia. Henry D. Gilpin, of Philadelphia. William H. Prescott, of Boston. Marshall Hall, M. D., of Philadelphia. Joseph Von Hammer Purgstall, of Vienna. xiv MEMBERS REPORTED DECEASED.

William Rawle, of Philadelphia. Job R. Tyson, of Philadelphia. W. C. Redfield, of New York. J. J. Vanderkemp, of Philadelphia. Henry Reed, of Philadelphia. Petty Vaughan, of London. William Reid, Governor of Bermuda. Robert Walsh, of Paris. James B. Rogers, of Philadelphia. Nathaniel A. Ware, of Philadelphia. Richard Rush, of Philadelphia. John C. Warren, M. D., of Boston. William Strickland, of Philadelphia. Thomas I. Wharton, of Philadelphia. Guillaume T. Tilesius, of St. Petersburg. Sir James Wylie, of St. Petersburg. Alexis De Tocqueville, of Paris. William Yarrell, of London. CONTENTS.

Laws of the Society relating to the Transactions, ...... ix Officers of the Society for the year 1860, ...... x List of the members of the Society elected since the publication of the Tenth volume, . . . . xi List of the members reported deceased, ...... xiii Biographical Memoir of the late Francois Andre Michaux. By Elias Durand, . . . . . xvii

ARTICLE I. On Adipocire, and its Formation. By Charles D. Wetherill, Ph. )., M. D......

ARTICLE II. Revision of the Cicindelae of the United States, with a plate, I. By John L. Le Conte, M. D., . . 27

ARTICLE III. On a new genus of Boide, from Cuba, with a plate, I[. By Edward Hallowell, M. D., . . . . 65

ARTICLE IV. Notice of some new and rare species of Scincidie in the collection of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, with two plates, III, IV. By Edward Hallowell, M. D., ...... 71

ARTICLE V.

Notice of Remains of the Walrus discovered on the coast of the United States, with two plates, IV, V. By Joseph Leidy, M. D., ...... 83

ARTICLE VI. Descriptions of the Remains of Fishes from the Carboniferous Limestone of Illinois and Missouri. By Joseph Leidy, M. D., ...... 87

ARTICLE VII. Remarks on Saurocephalus and its allies. By Joseph Leidy, M. D., ...... 91

ARTICLE VIII. Observations on the Extinct Peccary of ; being a Sequel to "A Memoir of the Extinct Dicotylinie of America," with a plate, VI. By Joseph Leidy, M. D., ...... 97 XVi CONTENTS.

ARTICLE IX. Remarks on the Structure of the Feet of Megalonyx. By Joseph Leidy, M. D., . . 107

ARTICLE X. Notes on Certain Modes of Measuring Minute Intervals of Time. By J. C. Adarmson,D. D., 109

ARTICLE XI. Della Correlazione delle Forze Chimiche colla Rifrangibilita delle Irradiazioni; Di Zantedeschi. Esperi- menti eseguiti col CaloricoSolare, ...... 117

ARTICLE XII.

Geological Sketch of the Estuary and Fresh Water Deposit of the Bad Lands of the Judith, with some Remarks upon the Surrounding Formations, with a map, plate VIII. By F. V. Hayden, M. D., . 123

ARTICLE XIII. Extinct Vertebrata from the Judith River and Great Lignite Formations of Nebraska, with three plates, IX, X, XI. By Joseph Leidy, M. D., ...... 139

ARTICLE XIV. A Sketch of the of the Basin of the Great Salt Lake of Utah. By E. Durand, . . . 155

ARTICLE XV. Observations of the Magnetic Dip in the United States. By Prof. Elias Loomis, . .. 181

ARTICLE XVI. Revision of the Buprestidae of the United States. With a plate, XII. By John L. Le Conte, M. D., . 187

ARTICLE XVII.

Analytic Orthography; an investigation of the Sounds of the Voice and their Alphabetic Notation. By S. S. Haldeman, ...... 259