Climate Change Advocacy Research Report

Kamehameha Schools Community and Government Relations Division

Kapili ‘Oihana Internship Program 2019

Hi’ilei K. Casco Kawaiuluhonua O. Scanlan

1 Table of Contents

Preface 3

Summary Findings 4

1. Climate Partnerships 5 1.1. Methodology 6 1.2. Climate Partnerships Spreadsheet 7 1.3. Local Organizations 8 1.4. National Organizations 16 1.5. Global Organizations 18 1.6. Indigenous-Centered Organizations 22

2. Legislative Analysis 24 2.1. Methodology 25 2.2. Climate Bills Spreadsheet 26 2.3. Analysis Graphs 27 2.4. State Legislators 34

Important Documents 40

2 Preface

Introduction The purpose of this research project is to identify where Kamehameha Schools (KS) climate change advocacy can fit into current climate change conversations by investigating the following research questions: 1. Who are the key players in current climate change conversations? 2. Who are potential advocacy partners? 3. What can or should partnership engagement look like? 4. What issues are “low hanging fruit” (i.e. high feasibility and KS priority alignment)?

About the Report The findings in this report can be used as a guide for determining climate advocacy strategies. For example, the data found on legislators could be used to identify climate allies in Congress.

● All organization titles are hyperlinked ● All document titles are hyperlinked ● Organizations marked with a KS logo represents pre-existing partnership or engagement

About the Authors Hiʻilei K. Casco and Kawaiuluhonua O. Scanlan were interns with the Kamehameha Schools Community and Government Relations Division under the 2019 summer Kapili ‘Oihana Internship Program. Hi’ilei is currently a M.S. student at the University of Hawaiʻi at Manoa in the Dept. of Natural Resources and Environmental Management. Kawai is currently an undergraduate student at Scripps College in Claremont, CA studying Psychology and Indigenous Studies.

3 Summary Findings This page contains our summary findings and recommendations about Kamehameha Schools’ climate change advocacy priorities.

Climate Partnerships Highest potential KS climate advocacy partners at local, national, and global levels.

● Blue Planet Foundation ● City and County of Honolulu Oﬀice of Climate Change, Sustainability, and Resilience ● Hawaiʻi Conservation Alliance ● Healthy Climate Communities ● Hawaiʻi Green Growth ● Sierra Club Hawaiʻi ● Nature Conservancy Hawaiʻi ● Conservation International Hawaiʻi ● Global Green USA ● Environmental and Energy Study Institute ● Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change ● United Nations Framework on Climate Change ● World Resources Institute ● Pacific Islands Climate Change Cooperative

Legislative Analysis Main analysis findings of climate change-related bills of the 2019 legislative session.

● Figure 1: Most common themes of state-level bills were energy (32.1%) and transportation (19.4%) ● Figure 2: Most common themes of federal-level bills were coastal/ocean (24.2%) and emissions (21.2%) ● Figure 3: Only 1 of the 133 state climate bills introduced were oﬀicially enacted ● Figure 5: Majority of state bills focus on mitigation (68.4%) ● Figure 6: Rep. Nicole Lowen [D-06] sponsored the most climate-related bills (16 total)

4 Climate Change Advocacy Research Report Final Recommendations

These recommendations are not related to internal climate action improvements.

Energy Production, Consumption, and Sustainability ● Advance alternative energy technologies ● Achieve one hundred percent renewable energy in Hawaii

Property Management ● Prohibit development in areas significantly affected by projected sea level rise ● Amend and develop policies to coastal zone management to reduce residential exposure to coastal hazards and protect state beaches and public shoreline access

Agriculture/Sustainable Food Systems ● Advance biofuel-related agriculture ● Support development of utility scale solar projects ● Support local food production, distribution, and sales

Conservation/Watershed Management ● Support endangered species conservation in Hawaii ● Develop and implement sustainable game management practices

Advocacy Partnership Table

KS Alignment Issue Related State Org National Org Global Docs Bills Org

Energy 100% SB 372 Blue Planet, Aloha+ Production and Renewable Hawaii Green Consumption Energy Growth

Alternative SB 466, Environmental and Fuel HB 464 Energy Study Institute

Ag/Sustainable Local Food HB 1066 Conservation Ola Food Production International

Biofuel SB 466 Environmental and Energy Study Institute

Property Coastal zone SB 319, City and County of Global Green Management management SB 1113 Honolulu Office of USA Climate Change

Conservation Endangered HB 1028, Hawaii species, game HB 1325 Conservation management Alliance, Conservation International, Nature Conservancy

Climate Partnerships This section contains information on groups and organizations that are both key players in climate change conversations and potential KS advocacy partners at local, national, and global levels. Global Indigenous-centered organizations are also featured.

5 Methodology

Initial Research We started our research with organizations we already knew had climate-related initiatives and activities (e.g. Sierra Club Hawaiʻi and Conservation International). Using those sources as a guide, we looked through their websites for lists of partners or other resources to direct us toward other climate-related organizations. The same process was used to find Indigenous-centered climate groups.

Identifying Engagement Opportunities After compiling a comprehensive list of key players, we focused on gathering more information about the specific climate-related activities, initiatives, and contributions of each group. For each major action, we brainstormed ways KS could engage, support, or partner.

Determine Top Partners To identify potential KS advocacy partners, we considered several feasibility factors. These factors include: the similarities between the organization’s initiatives and KS’ current activities (agriculture, development, education, coastal/marine resource management), the number and nature of engagement pathways, whether KS is already a partner, and past success of each organization’s climate action.

6 Climate Partnerships Spreadsheet

Green Highlight = Top Potential Partnerships Purple Highlight = Global Indigenous-centered Organizations

7 Citizens ClimateLobby C40 Cities Blue PlanetFoundation Bering SeaEldersGroup 350 Hawaii Name Conservation International(CI)Hawaii Climate ActionNetworkInternational Sustainability, andResilience City &CountyofHonoluluOfficeClimateChange, Global Global Local/State National (US) Local/State Level/Location Local/State Global Local/State Nonprofit Nonprofit Nonprofit Association Nonprofit Org Type Nonprofit Germany registered in organization Tax-exempt Commission State strategy. communities, NGOsandgovernment agencies toimplementthis and othernaturalhabitats;buildthecapacityofindigenous energy efficiencywithfinancialincentivestopreserveforests,coralreefs framework forcombatingclimatechangethatcombinesinnovationsin deforestation; workwithgovernmentofficialstodevelopanewpolicy mobilize hundredsofmillionsdollarstoreduceemissionsfrom Conservation Internationalpartnerswithleadersintheprivatesectorto induced climatechangetoecologicallysustainablelevels. working topromotegovernmentandindividualactionlimithuman- Non-Governmental Organizations(NGOs)inmorethan120countries, The ClimateActionNetwork(CAN)isaworldwidenetworkofover1300 into Cityplans,programs,andpolicies. climate change,andintegratingsustainableenvironmentalvalues developing resilientinfrastructureinresponsetotheeffectsfrom departments withintheCitytoincreasecommunitypreparedness, potential impactsonCityfacilities,coordinatingactionsandpoliciesof the ResilienceOfficeistaskedwithtrackingclimatechangescienceand with overwhelmingapprovalbyO‘ahuvoters.AsmandatedCharter, and Resiliency(ResilienceOffice)wasestablishedbyCityCharterin2016 The CityandCountyofHonoluluOfficeClimateChange,Sustainability thousand inrevenuetheUnitedStates2015. climate policy.TheCCLisaregistered501(c)(4)withapproximately$300 relationships withtheirelectedrepresentativesinordertoinfluence environmental groupthattrainsandsupportsvolunteerstobuild Citizens' ClimateLobby(CCL)isaninternationalgrassroots climate change. knowledge anddrivemeaningful,measurablesustainableactionon climate change.C40supportscitiestocollaborateeffectively,share C40 isanetworkoftheworld’smegacitiescommittedtoaddressing us andafuturefreefromfossilfuels. Planet findscreativewaystoremovetheobstaclesthatstandbetween 100% cleanenergyinHawaiiandleadingthewayforglobalchange.Blue Blue PlanetFoundationisalocalnonprofitpoweringthetransitionto of lifethatsupportstheresourceswerelyon,andourchildren’sfuture. one voicetoprotectandrespecttraditionalwaysoflife,theoceanweb The missionofBeringSeaEldersGroupistospeakandworktogetheras slow therateofglobalwarming. climate changedenial,andtocutemissionsofcarbondioxideinorder raise awarenessabouthuman-drivenclimatechange,toconfront McKibben withthegoalofbuildingaglobalgrassrootsmovementto 350ppm fromthecurrentlevelof400ppm.ItwasfoundedbyauthorBill climate changewiththegoalofreducingatmosphericcarbondioxideto 350.org isaninternationalenvironmentalorganizationaddressing About org/what/pages/climate.aspx https://www.conservation. http://climatenetwork.org/ https://www.resilientoahu.org/ https://citizensclimatelobby.org/ https://www.c40cities.org/ https://blueplanetfoundation.org/ http://www.beringseaelders.org/ https://350hawaii.org/ Website Fundo SocioambientalCasaInvestindo EmCuidar Friends oftheEarth Environmental ProtectionAgency Environmental andEnergyStudyInstitute Environment America ecoAmerica Earth RightsInternational Defenders ofWildlife Global -SouthAmerica National (US) National (US) National (US) National (US) National (US) Global National (US) Nonprofit Nonprofit Nonprofit Nonprofit Nonprofit Nonprofit Federal Agency Nonprofit Defenders ofWildlifeisamajornationalconservationorganization initiatives ofcivilsociety inSouthAmerica. social justicebysupportingandstrengthening thecapacitiesand promote environmentalconservation andsustainability,democracy Fundo SocioambientalCasaInvestindo EmCuidar'smissionisto environmentalists inthefieldoncritical campaigns. political endorsements,providedirect supporttocandidatesandplace Friends oftheEarthActionanditsaffiliated PACmakethoughtful which ispartofanetworkaffiliatesin76nationsaroundtheworld. battles hereintheU.S.totheirsisterorganization,FriendsofEarth, Friends oftheEarthActionprovidesextrapoliticalmuscleonlegislative ecosystems, andsocioeconomicsystems. respond toclimatechangeandassociatedimpactsonhumanhealth, supports policymakers,stakeholders,andsocietyatlargeasthey global-change researchprogramistodevelopscientificinformationthat The corepurposeoftheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency’s(EPA’s) energy. low-emissions economybasedonenergyefficiencyandrenewable societies. EESI'sprimarygoalistoacceleratethetransitionanew, (3) non-profitorganizationdedicatedtopromotingsustainable policies, theEnvironmentalandEnergyStudyInstitute(EESI)isa501(c) inform thedebateanddecision-makingonenergyenvironmental Founded in1984byabipartisangroupofmembersCongressto supporters andactivists,securingfundstosupporttheirwork. public placesordoorto—raisingawareness,recruitingnew Environment Americacanvassersmeetpeoplewheretheyare—in awareness ofenvironmentalissuesandpromotesensiblesolutions. op-ed pieces,letterstotheeditorandmore,EnvironmentAmericaraises Through researchreports,newsconferences,interviewswithreporters, (4) BuildCollectiveActionandAdvocacy. Leadership, (2)EmpowerClimateLiteracy,(3)EngageallConstituents, them strategy,toolsandresourcesto:(1)DemonstrateVisibleClimate mainstream organizationselevatetheirclimateleadership,providing will forclimatesolutionsintheUnitedStates.ecoAmericahelpsnational ecoAmerica buildsinstitutionalleadership,publicsupport,andpolitical environment inthecommunitieswheretheywork. for realpeople,andtopromoteprotecthumanrightsthe International seekstoendearthrightsabuses,providerealsolutions advocacy campaigns.Throughthesestrategies,EarthRights of earthrightsabuses,traininggrassrootsandcommunityleaders, rights.” ERIspecializesinfact-finding,legalactionsagainstperpetrators defense ofhumanrightsandtheenvironment,whichwedefineas“earth organization thatcombinesthepoweroflawandpeoplein EarthRights International(ERI)isanongovernmental,nonprofit policies andinstitutionspromotinginnovativesolutions. restore imperiledspeciesthroughoutNorthAmericabytransforming for ourorganizationalvalues.Defenders’approachistoprotectand environmental andconservationcommunityservesastheanchor natural world,andthissingularfocusdefinesourimportantnicheinthe of biodiversity.Theybelieveintheinherentvaluewildlifeand focused solelyonwildlifeandhabitatconservationthesafeguarding http://www.casa.org.br/en/ https://foeaction.org/ https://www.epa.gov/ https://www.eesi.org/topics/climate-change https://environmentamerica.org/home https://ecoamerica.org/ https://earthrights.org/ https://defenders.org/ ICLEI-Local GovernmentsforSustainability Healthy ClimateCommunities Hawaiian LegacyRestorationInitiative(HLRI) Hawaii GreenGrowth Hawaii ConservationAlliance Commission Hawaii ClimateChangeMitigationandAdaptation Greenpeace Green ClimateFund Global GreenGrantsFund Global GreenUSA National (US) Local/State Local/State Local/State Local/State Local/State Global Global Global National (US) Nonprofit Nonprofit Nonprofit Nonprofit Nonprofit Commission State Nonprofit Nonprofit Nonprofit Nonprofit national connections.Bylinkingsubnational, nationalandglobalactors, groups, sparkingcity-to-city,city-to-region,local-to-globalandlocal-to- connections acrosslevelsofgovernment,sectorsandstakeholder action totransformurbanenvironmentsworldwide.Webuild ICLEI engagesatthelocaltogloballevels,shapingpolicyandsparking action inHawaiitofightclimatechange. Healthy ClimateCommunitiessupportscommunityeducationand it allpossible. an incredibleteamandnetworkofbusinessesindividualsthatmake sustainable reforestationthatisfoundnowhereelseonEarth.Wehave of theareasnecessarytosuccessthisproject.Itisanewway HLRI isanorganizationrunbypeoplewithlifetimesofexperienceinall sustainability challenges. environmental goals.Weaccelerateandscalelocalsolutionstoglobal partnership committedtoadvancingeconomic,socialand The Hawai‘iGreenGrowthUNLocal2030Hubisapublic-private unique biodiversityoftheHawaiianIslands. collaborative actiontoconserveandrestorenativeecosystemsthe agencies workingtogethertoprovideunifiedleadership,advocacy,and The HawaiʻiConservationAllianceisapartnershipoforganizationsand security, andnaturalresourceconservation. but notlimitedto,sealevelriseadaptation,waterandagricultural greenhouse gases)andclimatechangeresiliencystrategies,including, other partnersaboutclimatechangemitigation(reductionof and planningamongstatecountyagencies,federal The ClimateCommissionprovidesdirection,facilitation,coordination green andpeacefulfuture. environmental problemsandpromotesolutionsthatareessentialtoa uses peacefulprotestandcreativecommunicationtoexposeglobal Greenpeace isaglobal,independentcampaigningorganizationthat particularly vulnerabletoclimatechangeimpacts. development, takingintoaccounttheneedsofnationsthatare to promoteaparadigmshiftlow-emissionandclimate-resilient greenhouse gas(GHG)emissionsandadapttoclimatechange.Itseeks climate change.GCFhelpsdevelopingcountrieslimitorreducetheir the effortsofdevelopingcountriestorespondchallenge The GreenClimateFund(GCF)isanewglobalfundcreatedtosupport equitable world. worldwide toprotectoursharedplanetandworktowardamore Global GreengrantsFundmobilizesresourcesforcommunities change andcreateresilientsustainablecommunities. livability, andsupportourplanet'snaturalsystems;toaddressclimate housing, andschoolstoprotectenvironmentalhealth,improve Global Greenworkstocreategreencities,neighborhoods,affordable in supportofsustainableurbandevelopment. policies, commitmentsandactions,ICLEI strengthensactionatalllevels, http://icleiusa.org/ http://healthyclimatecommunities.org/ https://legacytrees.org/ https://www.hawaiigreengrowth.org/ http://www.hawaiiconservation.org/ http://climateadaptation.hawaii.gov/ https://www.greenpeace.org/usa/about/ https://www.greenclimate.fund/home https://www.greengrants.org/ https://www.globalgreen.org/ Jo-Jikum Assessment Initiative(IPCCA) Indigenous Peoples'BioculturalClimateChange (IUCN) International UnionforConservationofNature Change (IIPFCC) International IndigenousPeoples'ForumonClimate Intergovernmental PanelonClimateChange(IPCC) Inter-American InstituteforGlobalChangeResearch Indigenous InformationNetwork(IIN) Global -Micronesia Global Global Global Global Global Global -Kenya Nonprofit Secretariat Nonprofit Nonprofit tal Org Intergovernmen tal Org Intergovernmen Nonprofit Marshallese mustalsoberootedintheland. believe thatliketherootsofpandanustreenextgeneration climate threatenedfutureasleaders,changemakers,andcreators.We empowered Marshalleseyouthwhorisetomeetthechallengesofa such aspollution,climatechange,andnuclearlegacies.Awaveof and developsolutionstoenvironmentalissuesimpactingtheirislands Our missionistosupportthenextgenerationofMarshallesenavigate of evidence-basedresponsesforclimatechangeadaptation. assessment ofclimatechangeandlocalwell-beingthedevelopment methods andtoolsinvolvecommunitiesfromaroundtheworldin cultural realitieswithcomplexglobalprocesses.Useofbio-cultural together indigenousknowledgeandscienceinaprocesswhichlinksbio Initiative (IPCCA)hasemergedasaninnovativeresponse,bringing The IndigenousPeoples’BioculturalClimateChangeAssessment management andrestorationoftheworld’secosystems. practical nature-basedsolutionscentredonthebetterconservation, the risksthatclimatechangeposestobiodiversity,advancing IUCN engagesonthisissuefrommultipleperspectives,assessing may carryandpushforduringtheIPCaucusmeetings. which havetheirownagenda,prioritiesandproposalsthatthey have theirownorganizationsatsubnational,nationalandgloballevels specific UNFCCCprocesses.IPrepresentativesattendingthemeetings come intoagreementspecificallyonwhatIPswillbenegotiatingforin sessions oftheSBSTA/SBIbodiesinbetweenCOPs.Itsmandateisto are present/attendingtheofficialUNFCCCCOPsandintersessional UNFCCC processes.TheIIPFCCrepresentstheIPCaucusmemberswho was establishedin2008,astheCaucusforIPsparticipating The InternationalIndigenousPeoplesForumonClimateChange(IIPFCC) mitigation. change, itsimpactsandfuturerisks,optionsforadaptation IPCC providesregularassessmentsofthescientificbasisclimate and theirsocio-economicimplications. information toincreasetheunderstandingofglobalchangephenomena international cooperation,andthefullopenexchangeofscientific Americas, dedicatedtopursuingtheprinciplesofscientificexcellence, intergovernmental organizationsupportedby19countriesinthe The Inter-AmericanInstituteforGlobalChangeResearch,IAI,isan Minority Peoplesintheregion. development, andadvocacyactivitiesinsupportofIndigenous information, environmentalconservationactivities,community face astheystruggletoexist.Ithasbeeninvolvedindisseminationof about IndigenousPeoples,theirlivelihoods,andthechallengesthey addressing needsforinformationthroughmediaandotherchannels IIN wasfoundedin1996byagroupofprofessionalsresponseto https://jojikum.org/ https://ipcca.info/ https://www.iucn.org/theme/climate-change http://www.iipfcc.org/ https://www.ipcc.ch/ http://www.iai.int/ http://indigenous-info-kenya.net/ (Pacific RISA) Pacific RegionalIntegratedSciencesAssessments Pacific IslandsClimateChangeCooperative(PICCC) Pacific ClimateWarriors NOAA ClimateProgramOffice Native AmericanRightsFund Rising TideNorthAmerica PVC: MalamaHonua Global -Pacific Global -Pacific National (US) National (US) National (US) Local/State Global -Pacific Nonprofit Nonprofit State Agency Nonprofit Nonprofit Nonprofit Program Federal justice asinextricablylinkedtobiocentrism andenvironmentalism. with ahorizontal,anti-oppressiveframework thatpromotessocial corporate-friendly “solutions”toclimate change;andwhichorganizes communities andlocalsocialjusticestruggles; whichchallenges movements; whichpromotessolidarityandcollaborationwithimpacted grassroots organizingyetremainsfirmlyengagedininternationalsocial Rising Tidehasworkedtocreateanetworkthatprioritizeslocal precious placeweallcallhome. creating globalrelationships,anddiscoveringthewondersofthis and newtechnologiestolivesustainably,whilesharing,learning, means bywhichwenowengageallofIslandEarth—bridgingtraditional health ofourpeople,lands,andoceans.[...]TheWorldwideVoyageisa are allresponsibleforthefuturehealthofourIslandEarth,and to solvesomeofthegreatestchallengeswefaceinworldtoday.We sailing theEarth’soceanstovisitandlearnfromthosewhoareworking The focusofourWorldwideVoyageistocareforIslandEarth.Weare local, national,andregionalstakeholders. conducted throughinterdisciplinaryresearchandpartnershipswith respond tochangingclimateconditions.PacificRISA'sworkis enhance Pacificcommunities’abilitiestounderstand,planfor,and the impactsofclimatevariabilityandchange.PacificRISAstrivesto program supportsPacificislandandcoastalcommunitiesinadaptingto The PacificRegionalIntegratedSciencesandAssessments(PacificRISA) stakeholders. supports coordinatedactionamonginstitutionalandcommunity Islands, innovativemanagementoptions,andamembershipthat useful projectionsofclimateandnaturalresourcechangeinthePacific support thelong-termprotectionofkeyculturalresourcesbyproviding accommodate futureclimatechangeandrelatedperturbations, The PICCCwillimprovetheabilityofnativespeciesandecosystemsto hope intheircommunity. right acrossthecountrytohelpbuildourcollectivepowerbygenerating Pacific Islandsastheyarriveonourshores.Wearecallingpeople the destructionoftheirhomes.Wewillstandinsolidaritywith raise awarenessoftheAustralianfossilfuelindustry’sroleinpromoting Climate Warriorsfrom13PacificIslandsaretravellingtoAustralia After 20yearsoflobbyingforinternationalpoliticalaction,agroup respond. understanding ofclimate,improvingsociety'sabilitytoplanand The NOAAClimateProgramOfficeworkstoadvancescientific and educationthepubliconrights,lawsissues. Hold governmentsaccountabletoNativeAmericans,DevelopIndianlaw protect tribalnaturalresources,promoteNativeAmericanhumanrights, should beconcentratedinthesefiveareas:preservetribalexistence, our existence,theBoardofDirectorsdeterminedthatlegalresources rights ofIndiantribes,organizationsandindividualsnationwide.Earlyin and largestnonprofitlawfirmdedicatedtoassertingdefendingthe Founded in1970,theNativeAmericanRightsFund(NARF)isoldest https://risingtidenorthamerica.org/ http://www.hokulea.com/ https://www.pacificrisa.org/ http://piccc.net/ https://world.350.org/pacificwarriors/ https://cpo.noaa.gov/ https://www.narf.org/ Change (UNFCCC) United NationsFrameworkConventionsonClimate Nature ConservancyHawaii The ClimateGroup START International,Inc. Snowchange Cooperative Indigenous EnvironmentalNetwork Sierra ClubHawaii Programme (SPREP) Secretariat ofthePacificRegionalEnvironmental Global Local/State Global Global Global -Finland National (US) Local/State Global -Pacific Nonprofit Nonprofit Nonprofit Nonprofit tal Org Intergovernmen Secretariat International Nonprofit Nonprofit The purposesofSPREParetopromotecooperationintheSouthPacific implementation oftheKyotomechanisms. review ofclimatechangeinformation reportedbyPartiesandinthe secretariat providestechnicalexpertise andassistsintheanalysis Convention, theKyotoProtocoland ParisAgreement.The architecture ofbodiesthatservetoadvance theimplementationof climate changenegotiations,thesecretariattodaysupportsacomplex Focussing initsearlyyearslargelyonfacilitatingtheintergovernmental continents. 400 scientists,weimpactconservationin72countriesacrosssix members andthededicatedeffortsofourdiversestaffmorethan environmental organizationsintheworld.Thankstomorethanamillion grown tobecomeoneofthemosteffectiveandwide-reaching grassroots intheUnitedStates1951,TheNatureConservancyhas create aworldwherepeopleandnaturecanthrive.Foundedatits The NatureConservancyisaglobalenvironmentalnonprofitworkingto of communicationtobuildambitionandpace. catalyst totakeinnovationandsolutionsscale.Andweusethepower markets andpolicies,towardsthisgoal.TheClimateGroupactsasa powerful networksofbusinessesandgovernments,whichshiftglobal The ClimateGroupacceleratesclimateactionbybringingtogether in developingcountries. understanding ofclimatechangevulnerabilitiesandadaptationoptions and fundedbytheGlobalEnvironmentFacilitytoadvancescientific with theUNEP/WMOIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC) START International,Inc.isaglobalinitiativedevelopedincollaboration hunting andotherelementsofourforestculturesacred. We holdthetraditionalknowledge,stories,handicrafts,fishingand We areFinnsdevotedtotheadvancementofourtraditionsandculture. organisation unlikeanyotherinFinlandortheCircumpolarNorth– and IndigenouscommunitiesoftheNorthernregions.Snowchangeisan SnowChange wasstartedinlate2000todocumentandworkwithlocal academics andNGOs environmental justicegroups,fencelinecommunities,peopleofcolor, Delegation andabroadcoalitionoflocalCaliforniatribalmembers, Indigenous EnvironmentalNetwork’sInternationalSkyProtectors coordinators onOʻahuandMaui. volunteers, asneeded.Theyalsohavefivepaidstaff,including Committee, sevenelectedchapterleadersandtwoadditionalappointed regional groupswithappointedrepresentativesontheExecutive unique environmentandwildlife.TheHawaiʻiChapterismadeofupfour volunteering tohelppeoplebetterexplore,enjoy,andprotectHawaiʻi’s Sierra Clubcurrentlyhavemorethan16,000membersandsupporters grassroots environmentalorganizationsintheislands.Founded1968, The SierraClubofHawai‘iisonetheoldestandmosteffective future generations. environment andtoensuresustainabledevelopmentforpresent Region andtoprovideassistanceinorderprotectimprovethe https://unfccc.int/ we-work/united-states/hawaii/ https://www.nature.org/en-us/about-us/where- https://www.theclimategroup.org/ https://start.org/about-us/ http://www.snowchange.org/ https://www.ienearth.org/ change/ https://sierraclubhawaii.org/tag/climate- https://www.sprep.org/ USDA NaturalResourcesConservation Service USDA ForestService USDA ClimateChangeProgramOffice USAID US GlobalChangeResearchProgram US DepartmentofTransportation US DepartmentofEnergy National (US) National (US) National (US) National (US) National (US) National (US) National (US) Federal Agency Federal Agency Federal Agency Federal Agency Program Federal Federal Agency Federal Agency voluntary andofferscience-basedsolutions thatbenefitboththe the nation’ssoil,water,airandothernatural resources.Allprogramsare NRCS helpsAmerica’sfarmers,ranchers andforestlandownersconserve manage non-federalforestandassociatedrangewatershedlands. and workgovernment-to-governmentwithtribestohelpprotect state andlocalgovernmentagencies,businesses,privatelandowners future generations.Theirexpertsprovidetechnicalandfinancialhelpto the nation’sforestsandgrasslandstomeetneedsofpresent The USDA’smissionistosustainthehealth,diversity,andproductivityof discussions. representing USDAonU.S.delegationstointernationalclimatechange branch onclimatechangeissuesaffectingagricultureandforestry, activities withotherFederalagencies,interactingthelegislative USDA andforourpartners.CCPOisalsoresponsiblecoordinating effects ofclimatechangeandproposedresponsestrategiesbothwithin ensures thatUSDAisasourceofobjective,analyticalassessmentsthe on agriculture,forests,grazinglands,andruralcommunities.CCPO responses toclimatechange,focusingonimplicationsofchange The ClimateChangeProgramOffice(CCPO)coordinatesUSDA’s development andstrengtheningU.S.securitytrade. reliance whilepursuingcleaneconomicgrowthandresilient development know-howandprogramshelpcountriesachieveself- democratic societiestorealizetheirpotential.Theirclimate-and- USAID workstoendextremeglobalpovertyandenableresilient, system andmaximizeefficienciesinFederalglobalchangeresearch. member agenciestoadvanceunderstandingofthechangingEarth USGCRP facilitatescollaborationandcooperationacrossits13Federal environment, bothhumanandnatural,theirimpactsonsociety. investments inunderstandingtheforcesshapingglobal program mandatedbyCongresstocoordinateFederalresearchand The U.S.GlobalChangeResearchProgram(USGCRP)isaFederal change impacts,anddevelopadaptationstrategies. comprehensive approachestoreduceemissions,addressclimate- climate-change research,policies,andactionswithinDOTpromotes Change andEnvironmentalForecastingcoordinatestransportation emissions thatcontributetoclimatechange.DOT’sCenterforClimate increasing transportationefficiency,andmethodsforreducing potential climate-changeimpactsontransportation,methodsfor The DepartmentofTransportation(DOT)conductsresearchtoexamine solutions totheNation’senergyandenvironmentalchallenges. environmental systemsandtoinformthedevelopmentofsustainable advance arobustpredictiveunderstandingofEarth’sclimateand impact ofincreasedanthropogenicemissions.Theultimategoalisto sustainability, andsecurity—withparticularemphasisonthepotential connection anditsimplicationsforenergyproduction,use, fundamental researchtounderstandtheenergy-environment-climate The DepartmentofEnergy’s(DOE)OfficeSciencesupports landowner andtheenvironment. gov/wps/portal/nrcs/site/national/home/ https://www.nrcs.usda. https://www.fs.fed.us/ gov/oce/climate_change/index.htm https://www.usda. https://www.usaid.gov/climate https://www.globalchange.gov/ https://www.transportation.gov/ innovation/climate-change https://www.energy.gov/science- World ResourcesInstitute Global Nonprofit people canbenefitfromsaferworldandthrivingeconomies. near-term decisionsalignwithourlong-termtemperaturegoalssoall shifts necessarytoaddressclimatechange.WRIfocusesonensuring local, nationalandinternationallevelsadvancethedeepstructural WRI’s roleistohelpbusinesses,policymakersandcivilsocietyatthe https://www.wri.org/our-work/topics/climate LOCAL/STATE

Blue Planet Foundation

Org Type: Non-profit

About: Blue Planet Foundation is a local nonprofit powering the transition to 100% clean energy in Hawaiʻi and leading the way for global change. Blue Planet finds creative ways to remove the obstacles that stand between Hawaiʻi communities and a future free of fossil fuels.

Hui Up! Donate to subsidize Appliance trade-up program for communities that don't have easy appliances, work to access to energy eﬀicient appliances. Blue Planet helps a whole replace KS owned community go in on group orders of refrigerators so the cost per unit non-energy eﬀicient is cheaper. Hui Up! includes delivery, too. appliances

Project Re:Power Partner to provide legal Provide legal advocacy at the local, state, and federal levels to fight for advocacy, workshops, climate change initiatives. presentations, etc.

We Are 100 Campaign Join in and commit to The state has committed to 100% renewable energy by 2045. This 100% renewable energy campaign is to hold Hawaiʻi residents accountable to this by 2045 commitment as well.

Island Pulse Share the link Partnership with Hawaiian Electric to provide online tracking of the states oil consumption and display progress towards the goal of 100% renewable energy by 2045.

8 LOCAL/STATE

City & County of Honolulu Ofﬁce of Climate Change, Sustainability, and Resilience

Org Type: State Commission

About: The City and County of Honolulu Office of Climate Change, Sustainability and Resiliency (Resilience Office) was established by City Charter in 2016 with overwhelming approval by Oʻahu voters. As mandated by Charter, the Resilience Office is tasked with tracking climate change science and potential impacts on City facilities, coordinating actions and policies of departments within the City to increase community preparedness, developing resilient infrastructure in response to the effects from climate change, and integrating sustainable and environmental values into City plans, programs, and policies.

Climate Action Plan (CAP) Partner (UH, HPU, City, “A community-specific strategy to combat climate change and Chamber of Commerce eliminate fossil fuel emissions ... CAP lays out a detailed list of are already partners) programs, policies, and actions that a community must take to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions over a period of several years." The goal is to eventually eliminate fossil fuel consumption.

Production of Annual Sustainability Reports Produce KS specific Help stay on track and learn more about how Hawaiʻi can meet sustainability reports the goals set at the Paris Climate Agreement.

Image 1. 2019 Annual Sustainability Report (left) and Honolulu (Oʻahu) resilience strategies (right)

9 LOCAL/STATE

Hawaiʻi Conservation Alliance

Org Type: Non-profit

About: The Hawaiʻi Conservation Alliance is a partnership of organizations and agencies working together to provide unified leadership, advocacy, and collaborative action to conserve and restore native ecosystems and the unique biodiversity of the Hawaiian Islands.

Hawaiʻi Conservation Conference Sponsor students or The Hawaiʻi Conservation Conference allows a diverse group of KS-related scientists, policymakers, conservation practitioners, educators, organizations, support students and community members from Hawaiʻi and the Pacific to advocacy speakers, host converge and discuss conservation. It’s a time to connect, share and workshops, etc. inspire, all with the common goal of caring for our natural resources.

Community Watershed Snapshot Conduct snapshot The Hawaiʻi Conservation Alliance Watershed Snapshot is a status projects on all KS lands report on the health of our watersheds for decision makers and to learn more about communities. The analysis uses geospatial agency data and select their watershed health, information gathered by participating communities to inform guide to future development of a suite of communication tools to advance coastal watershed projects on management eﬀorts. KS lands

International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Hawaiʻi To get involved in this Commitments group, email to request From the Hawaiʻi Commitments: “Hawaiʻi in the heart of the Pacific an invitation to join the Ocean, provided a special context for the 2016 World Conservation IUCN Hawaiʻi Hui Congress, infusing it with the Aloha spirit and the tradition of living in Google Group. harmony with nature. Members of several diﬀerent organizations throughout the state of Hawaiʻi have formed the IUCN Hawaiʻi Hui in [email protected] [email protected] an eﬀort to continue the work done in Hawaiʻi since the 2016 WCC and uphold the Hawaiʻi Commitments.

10 LOCAL/STATE

Healthy Climate Communities

Org Type: Non-profit

About: Healthy Climate Communities supports community education and action in Hawaiʻi to fight climate change.

Education Partner to support climate Healthy Climate Communities is working to make sure the next change education generation will have an age-appropriate understanding of Climate initiatives Change and what they can do about it through interactive workshops, public talks, and public symposiums.

Restore Hamakua Marsh Volunteer, provide Healthy Climate Communities works in collaboration with Hawaiʻi tools/materials, engage KS State Department of Land and Natural Resources (DLNR) , local community groups schools and other community groups to restore the watershed for Hamakua Marsh, called Pu'u o Ehu Hillside.

Image 2. Healthy Climate Communities’ main initiatives

11 LOCAL/STATE

Hawaiʻi Green Growth

Org Type: Non-profit

About: The Hawaiʻi Green Growth UN Local2030 Hub is a public-private partnership committed to advancing economic, social and environmental goals. They accelerate and scale local solutions to global sustainability challenges.

Aloha+ Challenge Support the goals of the The Aloha+ Challenge is a statewide commitment to achieve Aloha+ Challenge Hawaiʻi’s sustainability goals, and locally driven framework to implement the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.

Image 3. Goals of the Aloha+ Program

12 LOCAL/STATE

Sierra Club of Hawaiʻi

Org Type: Non-profit

About: The Sierra Club of Hawaiʻi is one of the oldest and most eﬀective grassroots environmental organizations in the islands. Founded in 1968, Sierra Club currently has more than 16,000 members and supporters volunteering to help people better explore, enjoy, and protect Hawaiʻi’s unique environment and wildlife. The Hawaiʻi Chapter is made of up four regional groups with appointed representatives on the Executive Committee, seven elected chapter leaders and two additional appointed volunteers, as needed. They also have five paid staﬀ, including coordinators on Oʻahu and Maui.

Political Action Partner in advocacy Sierra Club Hawaiʻi’s political committee works at the local level eﬀorts (county councils, mayors, State legislators, governors, etc) to promote the election of environmentally sensitive candidates to public oﬀice by recommending endorsements to the Chapter Executive Committee and maintaining a relationship with those elected.

Groups and Committees Serve on a group The Sierra Club Hawaiʻi has become what it is today because of its (island-based) or strong volunteer and membership base - people like you who committee contribute their time to help Chapters and Groups accomplish their (project-based) objectives.

Image 4. Action alerts, updates, and news from Sierra Club of Hawaiʻi’s CapitolWatch website

13 LOCAL/STATE

Nature Conservancy Hawaiʻi

Org Type: Non-profit

About: The Nature Conservancy is a global environmental nonprofit working to create a world where people and nature can thrive. Founded at its grassroots in the United States in 1951, The Nature Conservancy has grown to become one of the most effective and wide-reaching environmental organizations in the world. Thanks to more than a million members and the dedicated efforts of our diverse staff and more than 400 scientists, they impact conservation in 72 countries across six continents.

Stand with Climate Action Sign the pledge Pledge to stand with The Nature Conservancy as we call on U.S. leaders to stand strong on climate change.

Action Center Sign climate-related Use TNC's Action Center to sign on to climate change, sustainability, and campaigns conservation campaigns and pledges.

Donate Donate to become a The Nature Conservancy’s eﬀorts to preserve the diversity of life on TNC Member, Earth depends solely on the support of its members. By joining the Conservation Partner, Nature Conservancy today, you’ll help achieve even more lasting results Nature Guardian, or for both nature and people. Last Great Places Society member

Volunteer or Partner Partner or volunteer Sign up for TNC's volunteer list to receive notices about upcoming volunteer events and opportunities, or contact TNC Hawaiʻi at 808-537-4508 or [email protected] to see what opportunities KS can support, volunteer, or otherwise engage with.

14 LOCAL/STATE

Conservation International Hawaiʻi

Org Type: Non-profit

About: Conservation International partners with leaders in the private sector to mobilize hundreds of millions of dollars to reduce emissions from deforestation; work with government oﬀicials to develop a new policy framework for combating climate change that combines innovations in energy eﬀiciency with financial incentives to preserve forests, coral reefs and other natural habitats; and build the capacity of indigenous communities, NGOs and government agencies to implement this strategy.

Fishpond and Coastal Habitat Restoration Partner, volunteers/workers Working to promote local and sustainable seafood, connecting to help restore fishponds local fisheries and retailers and consumers.

Improve Small-scale Fishery Management Partner or volunteer to Policy work to improve regulations on fishing to ensure that provide legal advocacy and over fishing and fishing habits are environmentally friendly. support They also provide educational programs to teach about fishing issues.

Image 5. Issues related to fishery management in Hawaiʻi

15 NATIONAL (US)

Global Green USA

Org Type: Non-profit

About: Global Green works to create green cities, neighborhoods, aﬀordable housing, and schools to protect environmental health, improve livability, and support our planet's natural systems; to address climate change and create resilient and sustainable communities.

LEED For Neighborhood Development Partnership so that all KS Assisting aﬀordable housing developers and city planning staﬀ to buildings and housing advance their environmental goals and create models of sustainable developments are LEED neighborhoods. certified by a certain year

Greening Affordable Housing Partner to start a program Advising on green building and providing clean and affordable power in Hawaiʻi that converts to building developments, including certification of over 3,000 affordable housing into apartments to LEED for Homes and a commitment to the White House LEED certified buildings 1MW of solar on affordable housing by 2017.

Climate Change Planning Technical Assistance in the US and Pacific Serve as a project/program Territories partner At the request of the Department of the Interior’s Oﬀice of Insular Aﬀairs (OIA), the PICCC was asked to provide technical assistance to CNMI, Guam, American Sāmoa, RMI, FSM, and Palau in understanding and planning for localized impacts of global climate change.

Hawaiian Islands Climate Synthesis Project Serve as a project/program The goal of this project is to develop science-based syntheses of partner climate impacts on, and adaptation options for, terrestrial and freshwater resources on each of the main Hawaiian Islands. This project brings together Hawaiʻi’s resource managers and conservation planners to discuss these challenges, share knowledge, identify needs, and prioritize key actions to reduce the vulnerability of resources to climate change.

16 NATIONAL (US)

Environmental and Energy Study Institute

Org Type: Non-profit

About: Founded in 1984 by a bipartisan group of members of Congress to inform the debate and decision-making on energy and environmental policies, the Environmental and Energy Study Institute (EESI) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization dedicated to promoting sustainable societies. EESI's primary goal is to accelerate the transition to a new, low-emissions economy, based on energy eﬀiciency and renewable energy.

Access Clean Energy Savings (ACES) Partner, bring their Helps rural electric cooperatives and public power utilities develop work to rural parts of innovative programs that save their members and customers money Hawaiʻi through clean energy projects, help families of all incomes to reduce their energy use while improving home comfort.

Building Resilient and Secure Infrastructure Host or start similar Briefing series to inform policymakers and stakeholders to learn about program in Hawaiʻi what's working; solutions that can be replicated; and how the goals of long-term reliability and resilience will help ensure economic resilience, public health and safety, national security, fiscal responsibility, jobs, quality of life, and U.S. competitiveness.

Rural Energy Savings Program (RESP), USDA Partner, bring their EESI helps people in rural communities apply for loans to be used on clean work to rural parts of energy. Hawaiʻi

Image 6. Steps to apply for Rural Energy Savings Program (RESP) loans

17 GLOBAL

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

Org Type: Non-profit

About: IPCC provides regular assessments of the scientific basis of climate change, its impacts and future risks, and options for adaptation and mitigation.

Working Groups and Task Force for Science and Research Join a working group or Working Group I deals with The Physical Science Basis of Climate task force, work as Change, Working Group II with Climate Change Impacts, Adaptation authors and review and Vulnerability and Working Group III with Mitigation of Climate editors, work as Change. The main objective of the Task Force on National contributing authors, Greenhouse Gas Inventories is to develop and refine a methodology work as chapter for the calculation and reporting of national greenhouse gas scientists, work as expert emissions and removals.; Scholarship Program for Ph.D students. reviewers, contribute data to literature

Observer Organizations Serve as an observer Representatives of observer organizations may attend sessions of the organization (reserved IPCC and the plenary sessions of the IPCC Working Groups. They are for non-profits) also invited to encourage experts to review draft IPCC reports. These experts participate in the review process in their own name and not on behalf of the Observer Organization.

18 GLOBAL

United Nations Framework on Climate Change

Org Type: International Secretariat

About: The secretariat supports a complex architecture of bodies that serve to advance the implementation of the Convention, the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement. The secretariat provides technical expertise and assists in the analysis and review of climate change information reported by Parties and in the implementation of the Kyoto mechanisms.

Partner Visit website to UN Climate Change is interested in partnering with those organizations learn more about whose behaviour demonstrates a willingness to exercise social and applying environmental responsibility towards global peaking of emissions and enhanced resilience.

UNFCCC Regional Collaboration Centres Partner to start an The Regional Collaboration Centres (RCCs) support national climate action RCC in Hawaiʻi through capacity-building, technical assistance and strategic networking and resources to drive clean development. Since adoption of the Paris Climate Change Agreement in December 2015, the RCCs have had the broader task of supporting implementation of countries' Nationally Determined Contributions under that agreement.

Climate Neutral Now Partner/participat Climate Neutral Now is an initiative launched by the UN Climate Change in e in the 3-step 2015, aiming to encourage and support all levels of society to take climate program action to achieve a climate neutral world by mid-century, as enshrined in the Paris Agreement adopted the same year. Climate Neutral Now invites companies, organizations, governments and citizens to work towards climate neutrality by reducing their climate footprint by following their simple 3-steps method.

Regional Climate Weeks Collaborate to Regional Climate Weeks inspire individuals and organizations to become host a Regional part of the momentum created by the global climate agreement in Paris. It Climate Week in is a unique collaborative platform where both government and non-Party Hawaiʻi stakeholders gather to address the gamut of relevant climate issues under one umbrella. The main goal of the Regional Climate Weeks is to bring together diverse stakeholders in the public and private sectors around the common goal of addressing climate change.

19 GLOBAL

World Resources Institute

Org Type: Non-profit

About: WRI’s role is to help businesses, policymakers and civil society at the local, national and international levels to advance the deep structural shifts necessary to address climate change.WRI focuses on ensuring near-term decisions align with our long-term temperature goals so all people can benefit from safer world and thriving economies.

The Greenhouse Gas Protocol (GHGP) Partner with the GHGP Provides accounting and reporting standards, sector guidance, calculation project to enables KS to tools, and trainings for business and government. It establishes a measure, manage and comprehensive, global, standardized framework for measuring and report greenhouse gas managing emissions from private and public sector operations, value emissions from their chains, products, cities, and policies. operations and value chains.

The U.S. Climate Impacts Project Partner and work Works to ensure that policy makers at all levels of government are aware of locally to improve climate impacts, local eﬀorts to respond and the need for national policy communication and to address the impacts and root causes of climate change. Their work helps education of climate to increase awareness of climate impacts among localities throughout the impacts to specific United States. By bridging the communications gap between scientists, audiences in Hawaiʻi decision makers, and the public, this information can supplement local (e.g. youth, Hawaiians) and state eﬀorts to address the changing climate.

The Global Commission on Adaptation Have a KS Seeks to accelerate adaptation action and support by elevating the representative serve as political visibility of adaptation and focusing on concrete solutions. The a commissioner or a Commission will demonstrate that adaptation is a cornerstone of better research partner or development, and can help improve lives, reduce poverty, protect the advisor environment, and enhance resilience around the world.

Urban Community Resilience Assessment Partner with UCRA to An evaluation framework and bottom-up process that (1) measures implement or support vulnerability, resilience, and access to municipal services across diﬀerent this project. For more neighborhoods, (2) supports oﬀicials in integrating local knowledge in information on our traditionally top-down urban development and adaptation priorities, and urban resilience work, (3) provides a forum for poor marginal communities to have a voice in please reach out to resilience plans, policies, and programs. Lubaina Rangwala and Lauretta Burke

20 Global Indigenous-Centered Organizations

Indigenous Information Network (IIN)

Org. Type: Non-profit Geographical Location: Kenya Indigenous Group: Indigenous Kenyan Groups About: IIN is a group of professionals addressing the needs for information through media and other channels about Indigenous Peoples, their livelihoods, and the challenges they face as the struggle to exist, and as temperatures continue to rise. IIN has been involved in dissemination of information, environmental conservation activities, community development, and advocacy. Programs: Promoting Climate Change Adaptation for Natural Resource Dependent Communities in Narok Engagement: Network

Indigenous Peoples’ Biocultural Climate Change Assessment Initiative (IPCCA)

Org. Type: Non-profit Geographical Location: Africa, Americas, Asia, Europe Indigenous Group: Various About: Responses to Climate Change that stem from Indigenous knowledge, experiences, wisdom and world views are urgently needed. The IPCCA has emerged as an innovative response, bringing together indigenous knowledge and science in a process which links bio cultural realities with complex global processes. Engagement: Partnership

350 Pacific

Org. Type: Non-profit Geographical Location: Oceania Indigenous Group: Pacific Islanders About: 350 Pacific is a youth led grassroots network working with communities to fight climate change from the Pacific Islands. They work with organisers across 15 Pacific Island nations, not including Hawaiʻi, to highlight the vulnerabilities of island countries to climate change while showcasing strength and resilience as a people. Programs: Pacific Climate Warriors Engagement: Partnership

22 Jo-Jikum

Org. Type: Non-profit Geographical Location: Micronesia Indigenous Group: Marshallese About: Jo-Jikum is a youth organization working to empower and support the next generation of Marshallese in developing solutions for the eﬀects of climate change. Programs: Earth Champions Program, Climate Change Arts Camp, Climate Change Storyteller's Program Engagement: Support, start similar programs in Hawaii?

Snowchange Cooperative

Org. Type: Non-profit Geographical Location: Arctic Indigenous Group: Saami, Chukchi, Yukaghir, Inuit, Inuvialuit, Inupiaq, Gwitchin, Icelandic, Tahltan, Maori, Indigenous Australian About: Part of the work that Snowchange Cooperative does includes networking, research, and creating books and policy to fight for Indigenous land and culture rights in the midst of Climate Change. Their mission is to advance Indigenous knowledge and tradition in the Arctic, but have also recently branched out to the Pacific Islands. Engagement: Partnership

Indigenous Environmental Network

Org. Type: Non-profit Geographical Location: Turtle Island Indigenous Group: American Indian About: IEN’s activities include building the capacity of Indigenous communities and tribal governments to develop mechanisms to protect their sacred sites, land, water, air, natural resources, health of both the people and all living things, and to build economically sustainable communities. Programs: Sky Protectors, No-REDD, Spirit Resistance Radio, Save our Roots, Indigenous Rising Engagement: Partnership

Bering Sea Elders Group

Org. Type: Non-profit Geographical Location: Alaska Indigenous Group: Central/St. Lawrence Island Yup'ik, Cup'ik, Inupiaq About: The mission of the Bering Sea Elders Group is to speak and work as one united voice to protect and respect traditional ways of life, the ocean, and future generations. Programs: Northern Bering Sea Climate Resilience Area, CQN Working Group, Mapping Project Engagement: Partnership 23 Legislative Analysis This section contains information and analysis on all climate change-related bills drafted in the 2019 legislative session.

24 Methodology

Initial Research Our research on climate-related legislature was conducted at local, state, and federal levels. Starting at the state level, we used the KS Bill Tracking spreadsheet to compile a list of climate bills and cross-referenced them will the Sierra Club’s CapitolWatch bill database. In this process, we added new measures and updated their information. Federal bills were found at GovTrack. Local and county bills were searched on county websites, but only Honolulu County had any climate-related bills.

Legislative Analysis After compiling all local, state, and federal bills into a comprehensive spreadsheet, we began our legislative analysis. Each bill was assigned a theme, measure status, primary sponsor, and mitigation vs. adaptation focus. Federal and state bills “against” (i.e. don’t incentivise or support) climate action were flagged. We used this information to develop graphs, calculate the success rate of each legislator’s climate bills, and visualize other data.

Scoring For state-level bills, we developed a scoring system to determine which bills are ranked highest in terms of feasibility and alignment with KS’ identified climate priorities (from Climate Change Priority Analysis spreadsheet). To do this, each bill was assigned a numerical value to represent their final status in the 2019 legislative session (e.g. 1 = introduced, 10 = enacted), as well as a KS alignment score. ● KS Alignment: This score is calculated based on scores from the Climate Change Priority Analysis spreadsheet. On this spreadsheet, each issue listed is assigned a score (1-5) for 1) impact on climate change, 2) relevance to KS, and 3) relevance to Native Hawaiians. For each individual issue, the scores are added to create an overall “relevance” score. Of the issues, there are 3 categories: sources, causes, and impacts. Each bill was assigned a relevance score for up to 3 of those categories that it related to. These scores were then averaged to create a final KS Alignment score. ● Feasibility: The average of the final status score and the KS alignment score were taken to determine feasibility. Higher feasibility scores represent bills that were farthest along in the legislative process and align strongest with KS’ identified climate priorities.

25 Climate Bills Spreadsheet

26 Measure Title Level Themes Description Primary Sponsor Final Status KS Alignment Feasibility Score HB 1319 Relating to special purpose revenue State Energy Authorizes special purpose revenue bonds for Hawaiian Electric Company, Inc. and its S. Saiki Sent to Governor 15 12 bonds for electric public utilities subsidiaries Maui Electric Company and Hawaii Electric Light Company for multi-project capital improvement programs. HB 1585 Relating To The Environment. State Transportation Establishes a rebate program for installation of eligible new or upgraded multi-user electric N. Lowen Sent to Governor 15 12 vehicle charging systems. Authorizes the Public Utilities Commission to contract for third-party administration of the rebate program. Appropriates funds. (HB1585 CD1) SB 409 Relating To Electric Vehicles. State Transportation Establishes an annual vehicle registration surcharge fee for electric vehicles and alternative fuel L. Inouye Sent to Governor 15 12 vehicles to be deposited into the State Highway Fund. Effective 1/1/2020. (CD1) SB 661 Relating To Fuel Cell Electric State Transportation Grants procurement priority for fuel cell electric vehicles for state and county vehicle purchases. L. Inouye Sent to Governor 15 12 Vehicles. Includes fuel cell electric vehicles in the definition of "electric vehicles" for purposes of parking fee exemption, high occupancy vehicle lane use, registration, and required parking spaces in places of public accommodation. (CD1) HB 307 Relating To Renewable Energy. State Energy Broadens the definition of "renewable energy" as used in the public utilities commission law to T. Cullen Passed second chamber 15 11.5 include other self-replenishing non-fossil fuel, non-nuclear resources. Amends the renewable energy technologies income tax credit by, among other things, including commercial seawater air conditioning systems. Takes effect on 7/1/2050. (SD1) SB 1000 Relating to Electric Vehicles State Transportation Prohibits the issuance of building permits pursuant to an application initiated on or after January G. Wakai Passed second chamber 15 11.5 1, 2020, for all new residential multi-family buildings that have ten or more parking stalls and new commercial buildings that have twenty or more parking stalls unless a certain percentage of the parking stalls are electric vehicle charger ready, subject to superseding county ordinances.

SB 522 Relating to Plastic State Industry Creates the plastic source reduction working group to make recommendations to reuse, reduce, M. Gabbard Sent to Governor 13.5 11.25 recycle, and recover plastic waste HB 588 Relating To Green Infrastructure. State Infrastructure Requires the State Sustainability Coordinator of the Office of Planning to complete a holistic and R. Yamane Passed second chamber 14 11 comprehensive study and plan for green infrastructure opportunities in the State. Appropriates funds to complete the green infrastructure study and plan. Effective 7/1/2150. (SD1)

SB 1440 Relating to Special Purposed State Energy Authorizes the issuance of special purpose revenue bonds to assist Trevi Systems, Inc., or its G. Wakai Sent to Governor 13 11 Revenue Bonds for Trevi Systems, related entity, Kona Coast Water LLC, to fund the planning, designing, construction, equipping, Inc., or its Related Entitiy, Kona Coast land leases, and other assets for two or more plants to desalinate water using one hundred per Water LLC. cent renewable solar energy and supply it to customers on Hawaii island and potentially on other islands as well. SB 272 Relating To Solar Energy Devices. State Energy Clarifies the conditions under which condominium unit owners can install solar energy devices. K. Rhoads Sent to Governor 13 11 Amends the definition of "solar energy devices" to include building-applied and building- integrated photovoltaics and to exclude passive solar skylights and windows. (CD1) HB 1548 Relating to Rapid Ohia Death State Conservation Appropriates funds to the Department of Land and Natural Resources to study and combat rapid C. Todd Sent to Governor 12.5 10.75 ohia death HB 1180 Relating To Natural Disasters. State Disaster Appropriates funds for disaster relief, recovery, mitigation, and remediation activities for the J. San Buenaventura Enacted 11 10.5 County of Hawaii. Requires reporting of monthly expenditures to the Department of Budget and Finance. (HB1180 HD1) HB 1487 Relating To Climate Change. State Disaster Establishes the Honolulu shoreline climate protection pilot project to develop a plan to protect C. Lee Passed second chamber 13 10.5 urban Honolulu from the impacts of sea level rise, floodwater, storms, and other impacts of a rapidly changing climate. Appropriates funds to the Department of Land and Natural Resources for the development of the Honolulu shoreline climate protection pilot project. Appropriates funds to the Office of Planning to conduct a comprehensive study of a statewide carbon tax. Effective 7/1/2050. (SD2) HB 1583 Relating to Electric Grid Resiliency State Disaster Authorizes the Department of Education to evaluate the feasibility and cost-benefit of establishing N. Lowen Passed second chamber 13 10.5 and implementing a pilot microgrid to provide backup power in the event of a natural disaster or other similar emergency. Authorizes the Department of Transportation to evaluate the feasibility and cost-benefit of a renewable energy microgrid system to provide backup power in the event of a natural disaster or other similar emergency at one facility. Authorizes the Natural Energy Laboratory of Hawaii Authority to establish a microgrid demonstration project. Requires the agencies conducting the evaluations and pilots to report findings and data to the Public Utilities Commission for the Commission to consider in its evaluation of ways to incentivize the installation of renewable energy systems in public facilities that can provide backup power in the event the broader electric grid cannot provide power.

HB 556 Relating to Energy Efficiency State Energy Requires the department of business, economic development, and tourism to adopt minimum N. Lowen Sent to Governor 12 10.5 appliance efficiency standards for certain products sold or installed in the State that are substantially equivalent to existing appliance efficiency standards established in California and by the federal government. HB 560 Relating to Energy Training State Energy Requires UH community colleges to establish energy systems and technology training courses N. Lowen Sent to Governor 12 10.5 for county officers and employees responsible for permitting, inspecting, licensing, and approving construction projects and an advisory committee of industry stakeholders and to submit a report to the Legislature. Appropriates funds. (HB560 CD1) HB 593 Relating to Land use State Energy Authorizes the development of utility scale solar projects on class A agricultural lands, subject to R. Yamane Passed second reading in 15 10.5 certain requirements. Repeals 6/30/2025 second chamber

SB 1163 Relating to Renewable Energy State Energy Sunsets the renewable energy technologies income tax credit after 7/1/2045 L. Inouye Passed second reading in 15 10.5 second chamber

SB 1241 Relating to Energy Data State Emissions Permits the Department of Business, Economic Development, and Tourism to share energy data R. Kouchi Sent to Governor 12 10.5 with the Department of Health for purposes of regulating greenhouse gas emissions.

SB 1323 Relating to Appliance Efficiency State Energy Establishes state appliance efficiency standards. R. Kouchi Passed second reading in 15 10.5 Standards second chamber

SB 696 Relating to Cesspools State Waste Department of Health; University of Hawaii; Cesspool Conversion Working Group Extension; K. English Passed second reading in 15 10.5 Cesspool Study ($) second chamber

SB 998 Relating to Special Purpose Revenue State Energy Authorizes the issuance of special purpose revenue bonds to assist Hawaiian Electric Company, G. Wakai Passed second reading in 15 10.5 Bonds for Hawaiian electric Company, Inc.; Maui Electric Company, Limited; and Hawaii Electric Light Company, Inc., to fund multi- second chamber Inc; Maui Electric Company, Limited; project capital improvement programs and assist utilities serving the general public in providing and Hawaii Electric Light Company, electric energy. Inc.

SB 609 Relating to Critical Infrastructure State Energy Establishes a Homeland Security and Resiliency Council to identify electric grid and other critical C. Nishihara Passed second reading in 14.5 10.25 Resiliency infrastructure needs and provide recommendations for enhancing the State's grid and critical second chamber infrastructure resiliency. Appropriates funds HB 1016 Relating to Solid Waste Disposal State Waste Updates the Department of Health's solid waste management goals to align with the Aloha+ S. Saiki Passed first reading in 15 10 Goals Challenge. second chamber

HB 1028 Relating to the Endangered Species State Conservation Expands the type of revenue that can be deposited into the Endangered Species Trust Fund. S. Saiki Sent to Governor 11 10 Trust Fund HB 1558 Relating to Sustainability State Sustainability Requires the Office of Planning to update the Hawaii 2050 Sustainability Plan and submit the R. Yamane Sent to Governor 11 10 updated plan to the Legislature prior to the Regular Session of 2021 and every tenth session thereafter, using the goals and priority guidelines of the Hawaii State Planning Act and the Hawaii Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Initiative as guiding principles. Appropriates funds. (HB1558 CD1) HB 855 Relating to Clean Energy Financing State Energy Amends and expands the purpose of the Building Energy Efficiency Revolving Loan Fund to a N. Lowen Passed second reading in 14 10 Clean Energy Revolving Loan Fund. Transfers administration of the Clean Energy Revolving second chamber Loan Fund to the Hawaii Green Infrastructure Authority. SB 1291 Relating to the Alternative Energy State Energy Appropriates funds into and out of the Alternative Energy Research and Development Revolving G. Wakai Passed second chamber 12 10 Research and Development Fund Fund for the Hawaii Technology Development Corporation to provide grants SB 1529 Relating to the Hawaii Energy and State Energy Establishes the Hawaii state energy office. Establishes the deputy director of energy. Ends G. Wakai Passed first reading in 15 10 Climate Change Office funding for the Hawaii clean energy initiative from the energy security special fund. Increases the second chamber distribution of tax revenue to the energy systems development special fund. Appropriates funds from the general fund for the Hawaii state energy office. Takes effect 7/1/2050.

SB 438 Relating to Taxation State Transportation Provides a tiered income tax credit to taxpayers who install or upgrade an electric vehicle R. Ruderman Passed first reading in 15 10 charging system that is available for use by the public, unless otherwise required by law. Effective second chamber 7/1/2050. SB 653 Relating to Electric Vehicles State Transportation Requires the Department of Business, Economic Development, and Tourism to provide rebates L. Inouye Passed second reading in 13.5 9.75 to persons who install a new electric vehicle charging system or upgrade an existing electric second chamber vehicle charging system. Creates, and appropriates moneys out of, the electric vehicle charging station rebate program special fund. Amends the uses of funds in the energy security special fund. SB 893 Relating to Recycling State Industry Prohibits counties with a population less than 500,000 from rejecting number 1 and 2 plastic D. Kanuha Passed second reading in 13.5 9.75 bottles presented for recycling solely because the bottles are accompanied by or adjoined to second chamber nonrecyclable bottle caps. Requires and appropriates funds for the counties to separate and appropriately dispose of such nonrecyclable bottle caps. Requires the counties to include a feasibility assessment of recycling PP materials. HB 1467 Relating to Motor Vehicles State Transportation Changes the assessment of the state fuel tax from a specified amount per gallon to the greater of K. Yamashita Passed first reading in 14 9.5 a specified amount per gallon or an unspecified percentage of the wholesale price per gallon to second chamber the retailer. Subjects biodiesel oil to the same tax rates and reporting requirements as diesel oil.

HB 1584 Relating To Carbon Emissions. State Emissions Appropriates funds to the Office of Planning to conduct a comprehensive study of a statewide N. Lowen Passed first chamber 15 9.5 carbon tax. Effective 7/1/2100. (SD1) HB 550 Relating To Renewable Energy. State Energy Amends the definition of renewable portfolio standard to be a percentage of electrical energy N. Lowen Passed first chamber 15 9.5 generation, rather than sales. Effective 7/1/2100. (SD1) HB 765 Relating To Coastal Planning. State Coastal Requires incorporation of sea level rise projections in all new plans and updates to existing state D. Tarnas Passed second chamber 11 9.5 plans generated under the Hawaii State Planning Act and the plans of the Public Utilities Commission. Appropriates funds for the facilitation of stakeholder communications and public engagement related to environmental protection, clean waters, ecosystem preservation and restoration, and community and cultural consideration of the Ala Wai watershed and surrounding areas. Effective 7/1/2035. (SD2) SB 657 Relating To Electric Vehicles. State Transportation Requires electric vehicles to pay for unmetered fee parking when parked for any period longer L. Inouye Passed first chamber 15 9.5 than an initial 4 hours. Extends the repeal date of Act 168, Session Laws of Hawaii 2012, from 6/30/2020 to 6/30/2023. Effective 7/1/2050. (SD2) SB 908 Relating to Sustainability State Sustainability Establishes a Statewide Sustainability Division within the Office of Planning to ensure long-term K. Kahele Passed second chamber 11 9.5 planning, coordination, and implementation of Hawaii's sustainability goals and policies. Appropriates funds HB 204 Relating to the Issuance of Special State Energy Authorizes the issuance of special purpose revenue bonds to assist Kona Coast Water, LLC, N. Lowen Passed first reading in 13 9 Purpose Revenue Bonds to Assist an with the financing of the planning, design, and construction of solar thermal facilities to desalinate second chamber Industrial Enterprise water using renewable energy. SB 1463 Relating to Taxation State Emissions Replaces the environmental response, energy, and food security tax with a carbon emissions tax. K. Rhoads Passed first reading in 13 9 Repeals state fuel taxes under the fuel tax law. Requires the Department of Business, Economic second chamber Development, and Tourism to submit an annual report to the Legislature. Takes effect 7/1/2050; provided that repeal of the fuel tax credit for commercial fishers takes effect on 1/1/2051 and shall apply to taxable years beginning after 12/31/2019.

SB 367 Relating to Environmental Protection State Industry Prohibits sale of polystyrene foam food service containers and the sale or service of food using D. Dela Cruz Passed second reading in 12 9 polystyrene containers statewide. Authorizes the Department of Health to adopt rules for second chamber implementation including for enforcement, exemptions, and consumer education. HB 1121 Relating To Water Security. State Water Requires the Commission on Water Resource Management to conduct an update of the R. Yamane Passed second reading in 11 8.5 statewide framework for the Hawaii water plan to provide guidance for Hawaii's future water plan. second chamber Makes an appropriation. Takes effect 12/31/2050. (SD1) HB 1325 Relating to the Department of Land State Conservation Requires DLNR to work collaboratively with the Game Management Advisory Commission to R. Yamane Passed second reading in 11 8.5 and Natural Resources develop and implement sustainable game management practices in areas of watershed second chamber protection. Requires BLNR to give prior notice to the Game Management Advisory Commission prior to issuing or renewing a water rights lease. Takes effect on 7/1/2050

HB 1407 Relating To The Environment. State Emissions Expands the scope of the carbon offset program and funds six new positions within the program. R. Yamane Passed second reading in 15 8.5 Establishes a carbon offset revolving fund to assist in the fulfillment of the purposes of the carbon first chamber offset program. Appropriates funds. (HB1407 HD2) HB 1483 Relating to Climate Change State Emissions Amends the Greenhouse Gas Sequestration Task Force nomination and appointment process. C. Lee Passed second reading in 11 8.5 Appropriates funds to the Office of Planning to administer the Greenhouse Gas Sequestration second chamber Task Force HB 238 Relating To Electric Vehicles. State Transportation Applies the same rules, incentives, and public purchasing priorities to fuel cell electric vehicles as H. Aquino Passed second reading in 15 8.5 to other types of electric vehicles. Amends parking fee exemptions for electric vehicles. Extends first chamber sunset date for electric vehicle rules and incentives by 10 years to June 30, 2030. (HB238 HD1)

HB 342 Relating to the Hawaii Strategic State Emissions Prohibits the Hawaii Strategic Development Corporation from investing in fossil fuel or firearm A. McKelvey Passed second reading in 15 8.5 Development Corporation companies. Earmarks a portion of the Corporation's profits to be deposited into a subaccount of first chamber the Corporation's Revolving Fund. HB 563 Relating to A Coal-Free Hawaii State Energy Prohibits the issuance of covered source air permits for coal-burning electricity generation N. Lowen Passed second reading in 15 8.5 facilities after 2022. Prohibits the approval of a new, modified, or renewed power purchase first chamber agreement for electricity generated from coal. SB 11 Relating to Polystyrene Foam State Industry Prohibits restaurants from serving prepared foods using polystyrene foam containers statewide. S. Chang Passed first reading in 12 8.5 Containers Authorizes the Department of Health to adopt rules. Takes effect on December 31, 2020. second chamber

SB 77 Relating to Capital Improvement State Disaster Authorizes the Department of Budget and Finance to enter into a financing agreement in an K. English Passed second reading in 11 8.5 Projects amount not to exceed $125,000,000 to fund the local match for the Ala Wai Flood Risk second chamber Management Project. Appropriates funds for fiscal biennium 2019-2021 for the Ala Wai Flood Risk Management Project. HB 1052 Relating to Electric Vehicles State Transportation Clarifies provisions on electric vehicle charging and parking. S. Saiki Introduced and Pass First 15 8 Reading

HB 1242 Relating To Renewable Energy. State Energy Require gas utility companies to establish renewable energy portfolio standards for gas. Provides S. Saiki Introduced and Pass First 15 8 means for gas utility companies to achieve the renewable energy portfolio standards for gas. Reading Requires the public utilities commission to conduct a study of the renewable portfolio standards.

HB 1287 Relating To A Carbon Tax. State Emissions Imposes a carbon tax for every ton of carbon dioxide emitted by distributors because of fossil A. Perruso Introduced and Pass First 15 8 fuels. Deposits 25% of the carbon tax collected into the Environmental Response Revolving Reading Fund and 25% into the Energy Security Special Fund. Refunds 50% of the carbon tax amounts collected to taxpayers. HB 1396 Relating to Governmental Wheeling State Energy Authorizes government agencies to engage in the wheeling of electricity that is produced at a L. Thielen Introduced and Pass First 15 8 government facility from renewable energy sources in order to power other government facilities. Reading

HB 1498 Relating To Energy. State Energy Requires DBEDT, under the Hawaii clean energy initiative program, to select and prioritize wind S. Quinlan Introduced and Pass First 15 8 energy project sites using specified criteria. Reading

HB 1549 Relating to Energy State Energy Requires an environmental assessment for any new or expanded proposed power-generating C. Todd Introduced and Pass First 15 8 facility that sells electricity to a utility through a power purchase contract regardless of whether Reading the facility is fueled by fossil fuels. HB 1579 Relating To Statewide Sustainability State Emissions Imposes a tax of $15 for every ton of carbon dioxide emitted from the use of fossil fuel. T. Wildberger Introduced and Pass First 15 8 Initiatives. Establishes various state and county sustainability initiatives. Appropriates moneys. Reading

HB 239 Relating To Fuel Cell Electric State Transportation Exempts fuel cell electric vehicle from payment of parking fees and high occupancy vehicle lane H. Aquino Introduced and Pass First 15 8 Vehicles. restrictions. Increases the priority to be placed on fuel cell electric vehicles for state and county Reading entities purchasing new vehicles. Allows for fuel cell electric vehicles to be parked in designated electric vehicle parking spaces. For purposes of determining electric vehicle parking spaces, restricts electric system charging systems to those that do not include facilities or systems for refueling hydrogen storage tanks of fuel cell electric vehicles.

HB 559 Relating To An Electric Vehicle-Ready State Transportation Requires that, effective January 1, 2020, 25% of parking stalls for all residential multi-family N. Lowen Introduced and Pass First 15 8 Hawaii. buildings that have twenty or more parking stalls and commercial buildings that have forty or Reading more parking stalls are electric vehicle charger ready. HB 604 Relating To Electric Vehicles. State Transportation Extends the sunset date for Act 168, Session Laws of Hawaii 2012, authorizing certain incentives M. Hashem Introduced and Pass First 15 8 and actions by the Department of Transportation regarding electric vehicles. Reading

HB1090 Relating to Electric Vehicles State Transportation Requires that certain state building construction and reconstruction projects or programs include H. Aquino Introduced and Pass First 15 8 at least 20 parking stalls that are pre-wired for electric vehicle charging stations. Reading

SB 1054 Relating To Planning State Coastal Requires the State and counties to incorporate predictions of sea level rise and other climate L. Thielen Passed first reading in 11 8 change hazards and mitigation opportunities into applicable plans, strategies, and mapping. second chamber Requires the Public Utilities Commission, and any public utility regulated by the Public Utilities Commission, to consider the findings in the Hawaii Sea Level Rise Vulnerability and Adaptation Report. Encourages each county to participate in the community rating system developed by the National Flood Insurance Program. Effective 7/1/2050. (SD2)

SB 111 Relating To Electric Vehicles. State Transportation Extends the sunset date for Act 168, Session Laws of Hawaii 2012, authorizing certain incentives S. Chang Introduced and Pass First 15 8 and actions by the Department of Transportation regarding electric vehicles. Reading

SB 1380 Relating to Sustainability State Sustainability Requires the Office of Planning to update the Hawaii 2050 Sustainability Plan and submit the L. Inouye Passed first reading in 11 8 updated plan to the Legislature prior to the Regular Session of 2021 and every 10th session second chamber thereafter, using the goal and priority guidelines of the State Plan and the Hawaii Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Initiative as guiding principles. Effective 7/1/2050

SB 1431 Relating to Renewable Energy State Energy Amends the renewable energy technologies income tax credit to include commercial seawater air R. Kouchi Introduced and Pass First 15 8 Technologies Tax Credits conditioning systems. Reading

SB 1492 Relating to Energy State Energy Repeals the definition of power-generating facility under the Hawaii Environmental Procedures K. Kahele Introduced and Pass First 15 8 Act. Requires an environmental assessment for actions that propose any power-generating Reading facility that sells electricity to a utility through a power purchase agreement.

SB 257 Relating To Renewable Energy. State Energy Requires the Public Utilities Commission to study and recommend how to implement a smart M. Gabbard Introduced and Pass First 15 8 imports program in Hawaii. Requires electric utilities to offer excess electricity to consumers Reading during daylight hours at cost for any legal purpose beginning 1/1/2021. SB 259 Relating to Offshore Drilling State Energy Prohibits offshore drilling for oil or natural gas in state marine waters. Prohibits issuance of M. Gabbard Passed second reading in 14 8 permits for or in connection with the development or operation of any facility or infrastructure first chamber associated with offshore drilling for oil or natural gas in state waters. Takes effect 12/31/2050.

SB 437 Relating To Electric Vehicles. State Transportation Requires, in places of public accommodation, a ratio of one electric vehicle parking stall per 100 R. Ruderman Introduced and Pass First 15 8 stalls by 2020 and a ratio of two electric vehicle parking stalls per 100 stalls by the year 2024. Reading Designates the appropriate county authority having jurisdiction over planning and permitting for enforcement. Specifies procedures for enforcement. SB 571 Relating To Renewable Energy. State Energy Require gas utility companies to establish renewable energy portfolio standards for gas. Provides K. Rhoads Introduced and Pass First 15 8 means for gas utility companies to achieve the renewable energy portfolio standards for gas. Reading Requires the public utilities commission to conduct a study of the renewable portfolio standards. SB 700 Relating To A Coal-Free Hawaii. State Energy Prohibits the issuance of covered source air permits for coal-burning electricity generation K. English Introduced and Pass First 15 8 facilities after 2022. Prohibits the approval of new power purchase agreements for electricity Reading generated from coal. SB 761 Relating To Electric Vehicles. State Transportation Requires places of public accommodation with at least one hundred parking spaces available for M. Gabbard Introduced and Pass First 15 8 use by the general public to have at least three parking spaces exclusively for electric vehicles Reading and be equipped with two electric vehicle charging systems located anywhere in the parking structure or lot by July 1, 2021. Requires places of public accommodation with at least fifty parking spaces available for use by the general public to have at least two parking spaces exclusively for electric vehicles and be equipped with an electric vehicle charging system located anywhere in the parking structure or lot by July 1, 2021.

SB 957 Relating To Energy. State Energy Requires DBEDT, under the Hawaii clean energy initiative program, to select and prioritize wind G. Riviere Introduced and Pass First 15 8 energy project sites using specified criteria. Reading

SB 959 Relating To Energy. State Energy Requires DBEDT, under the Hawaii clean energy initiative program, to select and prioritize wind G. Riviere Introduced and Pass First 15 8 energy project sites using specified criteria. Reading

SB 987 Relating To Renewable Energy State Energy Amends the criteria for granting a variance for solar water heater systems. G. Wakai Introduced and Pass First 15 8 Technologies. Reading

SB 1527 Relating to the Environment State Industry Bans the sale of beverage containers connected to each other with plastic connecting devices. G. Wakai Passed second reading in 13.5 7.75 Establishes fines. Establishes the plastic reduction special fund. Takes effect 1/1/2021. first chamber

SB 1543 Relating to Procurement State Industry Prohibits the expenditure of state funds by state agencies for the purchase of beverages in M. Gabbard Passed second reading in 13.5 7.75 plastic bottles or rigid plastic containers, except under certain circumstances. first chamber

SB 944 Relating To Climate Change. State Industry Requires the Hawaii Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Commission to prioritize nature- G. Riviere Passed first chamber 11.5 7.75 based solutions in its climate change mitigation and adaptation efforts and assess risk transfer market mechanisms that promote investments in nature to reduce the risks of climate change. Defines "nature-based solutions". Appropriates funds. Effective 7/1/2050. (SD2)

SB 996 Relating to Zero-Emission Vehicles State Transportation Requires rental motor vehicle lessors to incorporate zero-emission vehicles into their fleets. G. Wakai Passed second reading in 13.5 7.75 Creates a Hawaii zero-emissions vehicle infrastructure special fund and grant program to first chamber promote development of zero-emission vehicle infrastructure. Effective 1/1/2020.

HB 449 Relating To Sustainability. State Sustainability Establishes a statewide sustainability division within the Office of Planning to ensure long-term R. Yamane Passed first chamber 11 7.5 planning, coordination, and implementation of Hawaii's sustainability goals and policies. Appropriates funds. (HB449 HD1) HB 461 Relating To Sea Level Rise. State Coastal Requires the Hawaii Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Commission to conduct certain S. Quinlan Passed first chamber 11 7.5 activities to address the impacts of sea level rise and report to the Legislature before the 2021 Regular Session. Appropriates funds for the Commission's activities and to fund the Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Coordinator. (SD1) HB 549 Relating To The Environment. State Coastal Requires new developments to plan for the impacts of projected sea level rise and prohibits N. Lowen Passed first chamber 11 7.5 development in areas significantly affected by projected sea level rise. Amends policies and objectives related to coastal zone management to reduce residential exposure to coastal hazards and protect state beaches and public shoreline access. Defines "beach" and "coastal hazards". (SD1) HB 566 Relating to Energy State Energy Requires state agencies to fully implement statutorily established energy efficiency and S. Kong Introduced and Pass First 14 7.5 environmental standards for state facilities, motor vehicles, and transportation fuel, except in Reading situations where the standards may jeopardize public health and safety or conflict with emergency situations SB 393 Relating To Coastal Zone State Coastal Amends coastal zone management laws to further protect against impacts of sea level rise and D. Dela Cruz Passed first chamber 11 7.5 Management. coastal erosion. Effective 7/1/2050. (SD1) SB 659 Relating To Transportation. State Transportation Establishes the state alternative transit fund to allow counties to offer free or nearly free fares on L. Inouye Introduced and Pass First 14 7.5 eco-friendly county buses. Imposes a fine for unlicensed transient accommodations. Establishes Reading a surcharge on individual income over $2.5 million. Increases the rental motor vehicle and tour vehicle surcharge tax. Requires the new fine, surcharge, and tax increase to be deposited into the state alternative transit fund. SB 664 Relating to Contracting for Public State Transportation Allows agencies to enter performance contracts to undertake or implement energy conservation L. Inouye Passed second reading in 13 7.5 Facilities or alternate energy measures for vehicles and vehicle fleets. first chamber

SB 698 Relating To Sustainable Development State Sustainability Codifies sustainable development goals based on the United Nations' Sustainable Development K. English Passed first chamber 11 7.5 Goals. Goals and indicators. Effective 7/1/2050. (SD2) HB 1370 Relating to Zero-Emission Vehicles State Transportation Requires rental motor vehicle lessors to incorporate zero-emission vehicles into their fleets. N. Lowen Introduced and Pass First 13.75 7.375 Creates a rental motor vehicle emissions surcharge tax on rental motor vehicles with internal Reading combustion engines. Creates a Hawaii zero-emissions vehicle infrastructure special fund and grant program to promote development of zero-emission vehicle infrastructure.

HB 1066 Relating to the Agribusiness State Agriculture Requires at least fifty percent of crops developed by Agribusiness Development Corporation A. Perruso Introduced and Pass First 13.5 7.25 Development Corporation (ADC) to be distributed to local markets, and requires at least fifty percent of lands managed by Reading ADC to be leased for operations that support local food production. Specifies ADC annual reporting requirements and requires an audit of ADC. HB 202 Relating To Renewable Energy State Energy Replaces the current renewable energy technology systems tax credit with tax credits for solar or N. Lowen Introduced and Pass First 13.5 7.25 wind energy systems and energy storage systems. Applies to taxable years beginning after Reading 12/31/2018. SB 1289 Relating to Rooftop Solar Installation State Energy Prohibits the issuance of building permits beginning on January 1, 2022, for new single-family G. Wakai Passed second reading in 12.5 7.25 dwellings that are part of a development of twenty or more dwellings and do not include a rooftop first chamber solar energy generation system, unless a variance is granted SB 617 Relating To Energy Efficiency. State Energy Ensures that a variance for a demand water heater may only be granted if solar water heating is R. Kouchi Introduced and Pass First 13.5 7.25 impracticable or cost-prohibitive, or if no renewable energy technology system can be substituted Reading for use as the primary energy source for heating water. Requires that if a variance is granted for a property that will be connected to an electric utility grid, a grid-interactive water heater or a heat pump water heater be used in place of a solar water heater. Provides for penalties or fines for false attestation in variance applications. HB 856 Relating to Electric Grid Resiliency State Disaster Requires the Department of Business, Economic Development, and Tourism, in coordination with N. Lowen Introduced and Pass First 13.33333333 7.166666667 the counties, to identify critical infrastructure locations and ensure those locations have adequate Reading supplies of electricity during and after a natural disaster or during a state of emergency.

HB 1015 Relating to Energy Data State Emissions Permits the Department of Business, Economic Development, and Tourism to share energy data S. Saiki Passed second reading in 12 7 with the Department of Health for purposes of regulating greenhouse gas emissions. first chamber

HB 1069 Relating to Utility Lines State Energy Establishes the 2050 grid resiliency and view planes initiative to mandate that all utility lines be L. Kitagawa Introduced and Pass First 13 7 installed underground by December 31, 2050, under certain conditions. Requires a public utility to Reading establish a plan for reaching certain target dates for completion of the initiative. Provides exemptions. HB 1320 Relating to Motor Vehicles State Transportation Prohibits the sale of new cars with an internal combustion engine after December 31, 2029. S. Saiki Introduced and Pass First 13 7 Reading

HB 1320 Relating To Motor Vehicles. State Transportation Prohibits the sale of new cars with an internal combustion engine after December 31, 2029. S. Saiki Introduced and Pass First 13 7 Reading

HB 1409 Relating To Sustainable Business State Industry Requires sustainable business corporations to file annual benefit reports with DCCA. Authorizes N. Lowen Passed second reading in 12 7 Corporations. DCCA to terminate sustainable business corporation status for noncompliance. Requires the first chamber Business Registration Division to post searchable information on sustainable business corporations on its website. (HB1409 HD1) HB 732 Relating to Taxation State Disaster Establishes an income tax credit for the purchase of household disaster preparedness supplies. L. Kitagawa Introduced and Pass First 13 7 Reading

HB 859 Relating to Sustainability State Sustainability Requires the Hawaii Housing Finance and Development Corporation to develop a plan to T. Cullen Introduced and Pass First 13 7 establish a net zero, self-sustaining community development within the east Kapolei Reading neighborhood transit-oriented development region. SB 1338 Relating to Motor Vehicles State Transportation Prohibits the sale of motor vehicles with internal combustion engines after December 31, 2029. R. Kouchi Introduced and Pass First 13 7 Reading

SB 776 Relating To Coastal Highways. State Transportation Requires the department of transportation to work in conjunction with any relevant educational R. Baker Introduced and Pass First 13 7 institution or federal, state, or county agency to develop a strategic plan to protect coastal Reading highways from the effects of coastal erosion and update the plan as needed every five years. Requires a report to the legislature. Appropriates funds. SB 834 Relating To Solar Energy. State Energy Permits the governing body of a county to create, by ordinance, a process for the recordation and G. Keith-Agaran Introduced and Pass First 13 7 enforcement of solar easements. Allows counties to require individuals claiming a solar right to Reading record that right by filing a declaration with the county clerk. Permits the governing body of a county to require, by ordinance, the trimming of vegetation that blocks solar radiation from solar energy devices. Authorizes the ordinance to include a designation for the cost of trimming.

SB 834 Relating to Solar Energy State Energy Permits the governing body of a county to create, by ordinance, a process for the recordation and G. Keith-Agaran Introduced and Pass First 13 7 enforcement of solar easements. Allows counties to require individuals claiming a solar right to Reading record that right by filing a declaration with the county clerk. Permits the governing body of a county to require, by ordinance, the trimming of vegetation that blocks solar radiation from solar energy devices. Authorizes the ordinance to include a designation for the cost of trimming. SB 961 Relating to Critical Infrastructure State Disaster Requires the department of business, economic development, and tourism and the counties to G. Riviere Introduced and Pass First 13 7 identify and develop plans for critical infrastructure following a natural disaster or during a state of Reading emergency. Requires the department of business, economic development, and tourism and the counties to identify and develop plans for ensuring access to electricity following a natural disaster or during a state of emergency. HB 311 Relating to General Exise Tax State Disaster Directs specified percentages of the general excise tax revenues to the Department of Education T. Cullen Introduced and Pass First 12.5 6.75 to augment its capacity and infrastructure and to the Department of Transportation to protect the Reading state highway system from the threat of inundation and damage caused by climate change.

HB 555 Relating to the Environment State Emissions Requires state agencies to participate in a carbon offset program to offset carbon emissions N. Lowen Introduced and Pass First 12.5 6.75 caused by their employees' air travel. Requires DLNR to establish and administer a carbon offset Reading program. SB 486 Relating to Environmental Impact State Industry Requires the Hawaii Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Commission to review and report M. Gabbard Passed second reading in 11.5 6.75 Food Labeling on the concept of food labeling based on the food's environmental impact and make first chamber recommendations on how to implement this type of food labeling. Appropriates funds.

HB 1520 Relating To Energy Efficiency. State Energy Requires energy consumption benchmarking for all nonresidential buildings. Requires disclosure S. Saiki Passed second reading in 11 6.5 of resulting, anonymized and aggregated benchmarking data to a prospective property buyer, first chamber lessee, or lender. (HB 1520 HD1)

HB 1564 Relating To Coastal Zone State Coastal Establishes the Hawaii Beach Preservation Revolving Fund within the State Treasury. A. McKelvey Passed second reading in 11 6.5 Management. Establishes a low-interest Contingent Mortgage Financing Pilot Program to encourage certain first chamber shoreline property owners to relocate mauka of expected sea level rise and erosion hazard zones. Amends coastal zone management laws to further protect against impacts of sea level rise and coastal erosion. Appropriates funds. (HB1564 HD1) HB 464 Relating to Nuclear Energy State Energy Establishes a nuclear energy commission within the Department of Business, Economic S. Quinlan Introduced and Pass First 12 6.5 Development, and Tourism to study the feasibility, risks, and benefits of developing nuclear Reading energy generation facilities in Hawaii. Requires report to 2020 Regular Session of Legislature.

HB 714 Relating to Natural Disaster Protection State Disaster Requires the Social Science Research Institute of the University of Hawaii to conduct a study to C. Lee Passed second reading in 11 6.5 determine whether the use of parametric disaster insurance policies for the State is feasible, first chamber practical, affordable, and in the public interest. Appropriates funds. SB 1113 Relating To Coastal Zone State Coastal Amends policies and objectives related to coastal zone management to reduce residential L. Thielen Passed second reading in 11 6.5 Management. exposure to coastal hazards and protect state beaches and public shoreline access. Defines first chamber "coastal hazard". (SD1) SB 1302 Relating To Natural Disasters. State Disaster Appropriates funds for disaster relief, recovery, mitigation, and remediation activities for the R. Ruderman Passed second reading in 11 6.5 county of Hawai‘i. first chamber

SB 352 Relating to Bottled Water State Industry Prohibits the sale or distribution of bottled water on state owned lands beginning 10/1/2019. S. Chang Introduced and Pass First 12 6.5 Prohibits the sale or distribution of bottled water by permitted food trucks beginning 10/1/2020. Reading Prohibits the sale or distribution of bottled water in the State beginning 12/31/2021. Prohibits the use of state funds to purchase bottled water. Provides for waivers and exclusions. Imposes civil penalties for violation. Establishes state policy on public water and bottled water.

SB 372 Relating To Renewable Energy. State Energy Requires the Governor; Department of Business, Economic Development, and Tourism; and the D. Dela Cruz Introduced and Pass First 12 6.5 Hawaii State Energy Office to develop a strategic plan that outlines benchmarks to achieve one Reading hundred per cent renewable energy portfolio standard. Requires DBEDT to submit the strategic plan to the legislature. SB 435 Relating to Greenhouse Gas State Emissions Instructs the Hawaii Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Commission to assess the effects R. Ruderman Passed second reading in 11 6.5 Emissions of tourism on climate change and publish a report on its findings. Appropriates moneys. Takes first chamber effect 12/31/2050. SB 466 Relating to Vegetable Oil Energy State Energy Requires the department of business, economic development, and tourism to conduct a R. Ruderman Introduced and Pass First 12 6.5 feasibility study in consultation with the department of agriculture on the viability of an integrated, Reading multi-crop production system for palm-based vegetable oil for producing raw vegetable oil that can be refined into biofuel, and to submit a report to the legislature. Appropriates funds.

SB 520 Relating to Polystyrene Foam State Industry Prohibits the sale of polystyrene foam containers and serving of prepared foods using M. Gabbard Introduced and Pass First 12 6.5 Containers polystyrene foam containers statewide. Requires restaurants to charge customers 20 cents as a Reading malama aina fee per take-out order. Authorizes the Department of Health to adopt rules to implement the prohibition and include within its administrative rules a requirement for prepared food vendors to educate their customers about proper disposal of nonreusable food containers and litter reduction. Effective 1/1/2020. SB 644 Relating to Climate Change State Disaster Requires the Hawaii Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Commission to determine areas K. Rhoads Passed second reading in 11 6.5 in each county to designate for either armoring or managed retreat. Requires the commission to first chamber submit a report to the Legislature. Appropriates funds. SB 690 Relating To Climate Change. State Coastal Implements the recommendations of the Hawai‘i Sea Level Rise Vulnerability and Adaptation K. English Passed second reading in 11 6.5 Report issued by the Hawai‘i Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Commission. Makes first chamber appropriations. (SD1) SB 769 Relating To Environmental Protection. State Industry Prohibits the sale of polystyrene foam food service containers and their use by food providers. R. Baker Introduced and Pass First 12 6.5 Provides for exemptions. Imposes penalties. Requires reports to the Legislature. Reading

SB 828 Relating To Coastal Erosion Proactive State Coastal Establishes a Coastal Erosion Proactive Adaptation Plan Task Force, to be assisted by an R. Baker Passed second reading in 11 6.5 Adaptation Plan. Advisory Group, to develop a Coastal Erosion Proactive Adaptation Plan for streamlined and first chamber proactive shoreline permitting procedures that better mitigate impacts to Hawaii's coastal zone and lower the costs to public and private permit applicants. Appropriates funds to support the task force and establish one full-time equivalent (1.0 FTE) position in the Office of Planning to administer the coastal erosion proactive adaptation plan task force. (SD1)

SB 930 Relating To Climate Change. State Coastal Requires the Hawaii climate change mitigation and adaptation commission and coordinator to K. Kahele Passed second reading in 11 6.5 assist the State and counties with developing and implementing various sea level rise adaptation first chamber plans and climate change mitigation efforts. Appropriate funds to support the Hawaii climate change initiative. HB 1110 Relating to Flood Mitigation State Disaster Establishes a task force within the Department of Land and Natural Resources to research and D. Kobayashi Introduced and Pass First 11 6 make recommendations on how to mitigate flooding in Manoa Valley. Requires a report to the Reading Legislature and the Honolulu City Council. HB 1578 Relating To Sea Level Rise. State Coastal Requires that mandatory seller disclosures in real estate transactions include identification of T. Wildberger Introduced and Pass First 11 6 residential real properties lying within a sea level rise exposure area. Establishes shoreline Reading setback restrictions. HB 17 Relating to Eminent Domain State Disaster Requires the department of land and natural resources to acquire by eminent domain the seawall B. Kobayashi Introduced and Pass First 11 6 and the real property underneath the seawall that is located on or near the seaward boundaries Reading of property between 2943 Kalakaua Avenue and 3019 Kalakaua Avenue. Appropriates funds to the department of land and natural resources for the just compensation of taking, and the repair and maintenance of the entire seawall and the real property under the seawall.

HB 396 Relating To Coastal Erosion Proactive State Coastal Establishes a Coastal Erosion Proactive Adaptation Plan Task Force, to be assisted by an T. Hashimoto Introduced and Pass First 11 6 Adaptation Plan. Advisory Group, to develop a Coastal Erosion Proactive Adaptation Plan for streamlined and Reading proactive shoreline permitting procedures that better mitigate impacts to Hawaii's coastal zone and lower the costs to public and private permit applicants. HB 837 Relating to Environmental Response State Disaster Specifies the required and permitted uses of the environmental response revolving fund. D. Tarnas Introduced and Pass First 11 6 Appropriates funds for the environmental disaster standby and response facility for native wildlife Reading affected by an oil-or fuel-related disaster. SB 1180 Relating to Energy Assurance State Energy Addresses deficiencies in Hawaii's fuel shortage response and energy emergency (energy R. Kouchi Introduced and Pass First 11 6 assurance) statutes; provides policy guidance on preparing for, responding to, recovering from, Reading and mitigating against any actual or potential energy supply disruption or shortage to preserve the State's energy security and to ensure that fuel products and energy resources are made available to emergency services and the public in an orderly, efficient, and safe manner.

SB 263 Relating To Climate Change. State Coastal Requires and appropriates funds for the climate change mitigation and adaptation commission to M. Gabbard Introduced and Pass First 11 6 assist state and county agencies to develop sea level rise adaptation plans and to implement Reading climate change mitigation efforts. Appropriates funds for one full-time equivalent climate change mitigation and adaptation coordinator position. SB 434 Relating To Climate Change. State Emissions Requires state agencies to require climate vulnerability assessments for permit applications for R. Ruderman Introduced and Pass First 11 6 projects involving building, transportation, or land use change that may generate significant Reading greenhouse gas emissions. Applies to permit applications filed after 12/31/2020.

SB 561 Relating to the Hawaii Climate State Other Appropriates funds for the Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Coordinator position and K. Rhoads Introduced and Pass First 11 6 Change Mitigation and Adaptation program implementation. Reading Commission H.Con.Res. 15 Expressing the commitment of the Federal Agreements Appropriates funds for the Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Coordinator position and Rep. Jared Huffman Introduced Congress to the Paris Agreement. program implementation. [D-CA2] H.R. 1881 No Tax Dollars for the United Nations Federal Agreements To prohibit United States contributions to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the Rep. Blaine Introduced Climate Agenda Act United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, and the Green Climate Fund. Luetkemeyer [R-MO3]

H.R. 9 Climate Action Now Act Federal Agreements The Climate Action Now Act is House Democrats’ legislation to require the U.S. remain in the Rep. Kathy Castor [D- Passed House (Senate next) Paris Agreement beyond 2020. Specifically, it would prevent the administration from using any FL14] federal dollars to withdraw from the deal. Functionally, that’s the same thing as forcing the U.S. to remain in permanently. H.Res. 288 Recognizing the duty of the Federal Federal Agreements A counter bill of Ocasio-Cortez's and Makey's Green New Deal. Rep. Matt Gaetz [R- Introduced Government to create a Green Real FL1] Deal H.Res. 398 Expressing the sense of the House of Federal Agreements Expressing the sense of the House of Representatives that the Green New Deal is antithetical to Rep. Mike Johnson [R- Introduced Representatives that the Green New the principles of free market capitalism and private property rights, is simply a thinly veiled LA4] Deal is antithetical to the principles of attempt to usher in policies that create a socialist society in America, and is impossible to fully free market capitalism and private implement. property rights, is simply a thinly veiled attempt to usher in policies that create a socialist society in America, and is impossible to fully implement.

S.Res. 59 A resolution recognizing the duty of Federal Agreements This resolution calls for the creation of a Green New Deal ... Sen. Edward “Ed” Introduced the Federal Government to create a Markey [D-MA7] Green New Deal H.R. 1237 COAST Research Act of 2019 Federal Coastal/Ocean To amend the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and Monitoring Act of 2009 to establish an Rep. Suzanne Ordered Reported Ocean Acidification Advisory Board, to expand and improve the research on Ocean Acidification Bonamici [D-OR1] and Coastal Acidification, to establish and maintain a data archive system for Ocean Acidification data and Coastal Acidification data, and for other purposes.

H.R. 1716 Coastal Communities Ocean Federal Coastal/Ocean To direct the Secretary of Commerce, acting through the Administrator of the National Oceanic Rep. Chellie Pingree Ordered Reported Acidification Act of 2019 and Atmospheric Administration, to conduct coastal community vulnerability assessments related [D-ME1] to ocean acidification, and for other purposes. H.R. 1921 Ocean Acidification Innovation Act of Federal Coastal/Ocean To authorize Federal agencies to establish prize competitions for innovation or adaptation Rep. Derek Kilmer [D- Introduced 2019 management development relating to ocean acidification. WA6] H.R. 2448 Ocean Acidification Research Federal Coastal/Ocean To provide for ocean acidification collaborative research grant opportunities. Rep. Salud Carbajal Introduced Partnerships Act [D-CA24] H.R. 988 NEAR Act of 2019 Federal Coastal/Ocean To provide for a study by the Ocean Studies Board of the National Academies of Science Rep. Bill Posey [R- Ordered Reported examining the impact of ocean acidification and other stressors in estuarine environments. FL8]

S. 1523 Stop Arctic Ocean Drilling Act of 2019 Federal Coastal/Ocean A bill to prohibit drilling in the Arctic Ocean. Sen. Jeff Merkley [D- Introduced OR] S. 914 Coordinated Ocean Observations and Federal Coastal/Ocean A bill to reauthorize the Integrated Coastal and Ocean Observation System Act of 2009, to clarify Sen. Roger Wicker [R- Ordered Reported Research Act of 2019 the authority of the Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration with MS] respect to post-storm assessments, and to require the establishment of a National Water Center, and for other purposes. S. 933 BLUE GLOBE Act Federal Coastal/Ocean A bill to improve data collection and monitoring of the Great Lakes, oceans, bays, estuaries, and Sen. Sheldon Introduced coasts, and for other purposes. Whitehouse [D-RI] H.R. 1243 Climate Change Health Protection Federal Community To direct the Secretary of Health and Human Services to develop a national strategic action plan Rep. Matthew Introduced and Promotion Act of 2019 and program to assist health professionals and systems in preparing for and responding to the Cartwright [D-PA8] public health effects of climate change, and for other purposes. S. 477 Climate Change Education Act Federal Community To authorize the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration to establish a Climate Sen. Edward “Ed” Introduced Change Education Program, and for other purposes. Markey [D-MA S. 868 Women and Climate Change Act of Federal Community A bill to address the disparate impact of climate change on women and support the efforts of Sen. Mazie Hirono [D- Introduced 2019 women globally to address climate change, and for other purposes. HI] H.Con.Res. 35 Expressing the sense of Congress Federal Community This concurrent resolution expresses the sense of Congress that the United States is committed Rep. Jamie Raskin [D- Introduced that the United States is committed to to ensuring a safe and healthy climate for future generations and creating solutions for restoring MD8] ensuring a safe and healthy climate the climate. for future generations, and to creating solutions for restoring the climate.

H.Res. 367 Recognizing that climate change most Federal Community Recognizing that climate change most severely impacts vulnerable and disadvantaged Rep. Adriano Espaillat Introduced severely impacts vulnerable and communities in the United States and around the world, and that it is the responsibility of the [D-NY13] disadvantaged communities in the United States Government to work with its global partners to promote environmental justice and United States and around the world, climate justice. and that it is the responsibility of the United States Government to work with its global partners to promote environmental justice and climate ... justice. S. 876 Energy Jobs for our Heroes Act of Federal Community A bill to amend the Energy Policy Act of 2005 to require the Secretary of Energy to establish a Sen. Tammy Introduced 2019 program to prepare veterans for careers in the energy industry, including the solar, wind, Duckworth [D-IL] cybersecurity, and other low-carbon emissions sectors or zero-emissions sectors of the energy industry, and for other purposes. H.Res. 330 Expressing support for honoring Earth Federal Conservation Expressing support for honoring Earth Day, and for other purposes. Rep. Donald Introduced Day, and for other purposes. McEachin [D-VA4] H.R. 1201 Climate Change National Security Federal Disaster To direct Federal departments and agencies to perform certain functions to ensure that climate Rep. Stephen Lynch Introduced Strategy Act of 2019 change-related impacts are fully considered in the development of national security doctrine, [D-MA8] policies, and plans, and for other purposes. H.R. 1317 Coastal Communities Adaptation Act Federal Disaster To improve the resilience of the built and natural environment to natural disasters and climate Rep. Harley Rouda [D- Introduced change using, among other measures, natural and nature-based features, and for other CA48] purposes. H.R. 2748 Safeguarding America’s Future and Federal Disaster To establish an integrated national approach to respond to ongoing and expected effects of Rep. Matthew Introduced Environment Act extreme weather and climate change by protecting, managing, and conserving the fish, wildlife, Cartwright [D-PA8] and plants of the United States, and to maximize Government efficiency and reduce costs, in cooperation with State, local, and Tribal Governments and other entities, and for other purposes.

S. 763 Climate Change Resiliency Fund for Federal Disaster A bill to establish the Climate Change Advisory Commission to develop recommendations, Sen. Richard Durbin Introduced America Act of 2019 frameworks, and guidelines for projects to respond to the impacts of climate change, to issue [D-IL] Federal obligations, the proceeds of which shall be used to fund projects that aid in adaptation to climate change, and for other purposes. H.Con.Res. 41 Expressing the sense of Congress Federal Emissions This concurrent resolution expresses the sense of Congress that a carbon tax would be Rep. Steve Scalise [R- Introduced that a carbon tax would be detrimental detrimental to American families and businesses and is not in the best interest of the United LA1] to the United States economy. States.

H.R. 1796 Carbon Capture Modernization Act Federal Emissions To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to modify the qualifying advanced coal project Rep. David McKinley Introduced credit, and for other purposes. [R-WV1] H.R. 2711 Methane Waste Prevention Act of Federal Emissions To amend the Federal Oil and Gas Royalty Management Act of 1982 (30 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) to Rep. Diana DeGette Introduced 2019 require the Secretary of the Interior to issue regulations to reduce and prevent gas waste and to [D-CO1] enhance gas measuring and reporting, to codify a final rule of the Environmental Protection Agency regarding certain emission standards for the oil and natural gas sector, and for other purposes. H.R. 330 Climate Solutions Act of 2019 Federal Emissions To reduce greenhouse gas emissions and protect the climate. Rep. Ted Lieu [D- Introduced CA33] S. 1128 American Opportunity Carbon Fee Act Federal Emissions A bill to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to provide for carbon dioxide and other Sen. Sheldon Introduced of 2019 greenhouse gas emission fees, provide tax credits to workers, deliver additional benefits to Whitehouse [D-RI] retired and disabled Americans, and for other purposes. S. 383 USE IT Act Federal Emissions A bill to support carbon dioxide utilization and direct air capture research, to facilitate the Sen. John Barrasso Ordered Reported permitting and development of carbon capture, utilization, and sequestration projects and carbon [R-WY] dioxide pipelines, and for other purposes. S. 940 Healthy Climate and Family Security Federal Emissions A bill to cap the emissions of greenhouse gases through a requirement to purchase carbon Sen. Chris Van Hollen Introduced Act of 2019 permits, to distribute the proceeds of such purchases to eligible individuals, and for other [D-MD] purposes. H.R. 1743 Advancing Grid Storage Act of 2019 Federal Energy To require the Secretary of Energy to carry out an energy storage research program, loan Rep. Mark Takano [D- Introduced program, and technical assistance and grant program, and for other purposes. CA41] H.R. 763 Energy Innovation and Carbon Federal Energy To create a Carbon Dividend Trust Fund for the American people in order to encourage market- Rep. Theodore Introduced Dividend Act of 2019 driven innovation of clean energy technologies and market efficiencies which will reduce harmful Deutch [D-FL22] pollution and leave a healthier, more stable, and more prosperous nation for future generations.

S. 1201 Enhancing Fossil Fuel Energy Carbon Federal Energy A bill to amend the fossil energy research and development provisions of the Energy Policy Act Sen. Joe Manchin [D- Introduced Technology Act of 2019 of 2005 to enhance fossil fuel technology, and for other purposes. WV] S. 1359 Clean Energy Standard Act of 2019 Federal Energy A bill to amend the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978 to establish a market-oriented Sen. Tina Smith [D- Introduced standard for clean electric energy generation, and for other purposes. MN] H.R. 658 National Infrastructure Development Federal Infrastructure To facilitate efficient investments and financing of infrastructure projects and new job creation Rep. Rosa DeLauro Introduced Bank Act of 2019 through the establishment of a National Infrastructure Development Bank, and for other [D-CT3] purposes. S. 729 A bill to prohibit the use of funds to Federal Other To prohibit the use of funds to Federal agencies to establish a panel, task force, advisory Sen. Charles “Chuck” Ordered Reported Federal agencies to establish a panel, committee, or other effort to challenge the scientific consensus on climate change, and for other Schumer [D-NY] task force, advisory committee, or purposes. other effort to challenge the scientific consensus on climate change, and for other purposes.

S. 745 Climate Security Act of 2019 Federal Other A bill to establish the position of Climate Security Envoy within the Department of State, who shall Sen. Robert “Bob” Introduced develop policies to address security concerns with climate change and serve as a liaison with Menendez [D-NJ] other Federal agencies and international partners on climate security issues, to express concern with, and improved preparedness for, growing security issues in the Arctic, to establish the position of Special Representative for the Arctic, and for other purposes.

S.J.Res. 9 A joint resolution calling on the United Federal Other Calling on the United States and Congress to take immediate action to address the challenge of Sen. Thomas Carper Introduced States and Congress to take climate change. [D-DE] immediate action to address the challenge of climate change. S.Res. 97 A resolution establishing the Select Federal Other Establishing the Select Committee on the Climate Crisis. Sen. Charles “Chuck” Introduced Committee on the Climate Crisis. Schumer [D-NY] H.R. 1322 To require a report on the effects of Federal Other To require a report on the effects of climate change on the Coast Guard, and for other purposes. Rep. Sean Maloney Ordered Reported climate change on the Coast Guard, [D-NY18] and for other purposes. H.R. 2337 FLEET Act Federal Transportation To provide for the upgrade of the vehicle fleet of the United States Postal Service, and for other Rep. Jared Huffman Introduced purposes. [D-CA2] H.R. 978 Clean and Efficient Cars Act of 2019 Federal Transportation To preserve appropriate and achievable Federal standards for greenhouse gas emissions and Rep. Doris Matsui [D- Introduced corporate average fuel economy for cars and light trucks through model year 2025, and for other CA6] purposes. BILL026 A Bill For an Ordinance Relating to a Local Other The purpose of this ordinance is to establish a fund that will be used by the City to address the Carol Fukunaga Introduced Climate Change, Sustainability, and impacts of climate change, warming oceans, and rising sea levels Resiliency Fund BILL001 To Adopt the Revised Koolau Loa Local Other This development plan ordinance adopts a revised sustainable communities plan for Koolau Loa Ikaika Anderson Introduced Sustainable Communities Plan that presents a vision for Koolau Loas future development consisting of policies, guidelines, and conceptual schemes that will serve as a policy guide for more detailed zoning maps and regulations and for public and private sector investment decisions.

BILL022 A Bill for an Ordinance Relating to Local Disaster Streams are natural, altered or improved channels that have seasonal or continuous water flows Carol Fukunaga Passed first reading Flood or Hazard Prevention as a result of either surface stormwater runoff or groundwater influx, or both. This ordinance is intended to prevent harm to the health, safety and general welfare of the public by allowing the City to undertake the clearing of streams to prevent flooding or other hazards. Common Themes of State 2019 Climate-Related Bills

Figure 1. The percentage of total climate change-related Hawaiʻi state bills for each relevant theme (n=133)

Theme Descriptions

● Other: Agriculture, conservation, infrastructure, sustainability, waste, water, other

● Coastal/Ocean: Relating to coastal planning, coastal zone management, planning, sea level rise, development, coastal erosion

● Disaster: Relating to critical infrastructure, electric grid resiliency, eminent domain, flood mitigation, capital improvement projects, insurance

● Emissions: Relating to carbon emissions, greenhouse gases, carbon taxes, carbon oﬀset, fossil fuels

● Energy: Relating to solar energy projects, vegetable oil energy, energy eﬀiciency, renewable energy, clean energy, coal-free, appliance eﬀiciency, Aloha+, electricity production

● Industry: Relating to sustainable business, bottled water, plastic, polystyrene foam

● Transportation: Relating to electric vehicles, fuel tax, combustion engines, busses, zero-emission vehicles, highway development, parking

27 Common Themes of Federal 2019 Climate-Related Bills

Figure 2. The percentage of total climate change-related federal bills for each relevant theme (n=45).

Theme Descriptions

● Other: Agriculture, conservation, infrastructure, sustainability, waste, water, other

● Coastal/Ocean: Relating to ocean acidification, arctic drilling, research

● Disaster: Relating to extreme weather impacts, wildlife protection

● Emissions: Relating to carbon capture, greenhouse gasses, carbon tax, coal, gas waste

● Energy: Relating to energy storage, clean energy, fossil energy, energy research

● Industry: None

● Transportation: Relating to greenhouse gas emissions, fuel economy, government vehicles

● Agreements: Relating to Paris Agreement, Green New Deal, Climate Action Now Act, Green Real Deal

● Community: Relating to public health, women, education, vulnerable communities, veterans, future generations

28 Status of 2019 Hawaiʻi State Climate-Related Bills

Bill Status

Figure 3. Number of climate-related bills at each status throughout the 2019 legislative session (n=133).

Final Bill Status

Figure 4. Final status of climate-related bills at the end of the 2019 legislative session (n=133).

29 Mitigation vs. Adaptation

Figure 5. Percentage of bills related to mitigation, adaptation, or both.

2019 Honolulu County Climate Bills

Measure Title Description Sponsor Status

BILL026 A Bill For an The purpose of this ordinance is to establish a fund Carol Introduced Ordinance that will be used by the City to address the impacts Fukunaga Relating to a of climate change, warming oceans, and rising sea Climate Change, levels. Sustainability, and Resiliency Fund

BILL001 To Adopt the This development plan ordinance adopts a revised Ikaika Introduced Revised Koolau sustainable communities plan for Koolau Loa that Anderson Loa Sustainable presents a vision for Koolau Loas future Communities development consisting of policies, guidelines, and Plan conceptual schemes that will serve as a policy guide for more detailed zoning maps and regulations and for public and private sector investment decisions.

BILL022 A Bill for an Streams are natural, altered or improved channels Carol Passed first Ordinance that have seasonal or continuous water flows as a Fukunaga reading Relating to Flood result of either surface stormwater runoﬀ or or Hazard groundwater influx, or both. This ordinance is Prevention intended to prevent harm to the health, safety and general welfare of the public by allowing the City to undertake the clearing of streams to prevent flooding or other hazards.

30 2019 State Bills “Against” Climate Action

Measure Title Theme Description Sponsor Status

SB 657 Relating to Transportation Requires electric vehicles to Sen. Lorraine Passed first Electric Vehicles pay for unmetered fee Inouye chamber parking when parked for any period longer than an initial 4 hours. Extends the repeal date of Act 168, Session Laws of Hawaiʻi 2012, from 6/30/2020 to 6/30/2023. Eﬀective 7/1/2050. (SD2)

SB 77 Relating to Disaster Authorizes the Department Sen. Kalani Passed Capital of Budget and Finance to English second Improvement enter into a financing reading in Projects agreement in an amount second not to exceed $125,000,000 chamber to fund the local match for the Ala Wai Flood Risk Management Project. Appropriates funds for fiscal biennium 2019-2021 for the Ala Wai Flood Risk Management Project.

SB 409 Relating to Transportation Establishes an annual Sen. Lorraine Sent to Electric Vehicles vehicle registration Inouye Governor surcharge fee for electric vehicles and alternative fuel vehicles to be deposited into the State Highway Fund. Eﬀective 1/1/2020. (CD1)

31 2019 Federal Bills “Against” Climate Action

Measure Title Theme Description Sponsor Status

H.R. 1881 No Tax Dollars for the Agreements To prohibit United States Rep. Blaine Introduced United Nations contributions to the Luetkemeyer Climate Agenda Act Intergovernmental Panel [R-MO3] on Climate Change, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, and the Green Climate Fund.

H.Res. 288 Recognizing the duty Agreements A counter bill of Rep. Matt Gaetz Introduced of the Federal Ocasio-Cortez's and [R-FL1] Government to create Makey's Green New Deal. a Green Real Deal

H.Res. 398 Expressing the sense Agreements Expressing the sense of the Rep. Mike Introduced of the House of House of Representatives Johnson [R-LA4] Representatives that that the Green New Deal is the Green New Deal is antithetical to the antithetical to the principles of free market principles of free capitalism and private market capitalism and property rights, is simply a private property thinly veiled attempt to rights, is simply a usher in policies that create thinly veiled attempt a socialist society in to usher in policies America, and is impossible that create a socialist to fully implement. society in America, and is impossible to fully implement.

H.Con.Res. 41 Expressing the sense Emissions This concurrent resolution Rep. Steve Introduced of Congress that a expresses the sense of Scalise [R-LA1] carbon tax would be Congress that a carbon tax detrimental to the would be detrimental to United States American families and economy. businesses and is not in the best interest of the United States.

H.R. 1796 Carbon Capture Emissions To amend the Internal Rep. David Introduced Modernization Act Revenue Code of 1986 to McKinley modify the qualifying [R-WV1] advanced coal project credit, and for other purposes.

32 Primary Sponsors of Climate-Related Bills (2019)

Figure 6. The number of climate change-related bills (n > 1) primarily sponsored each by Hawaiʻi state legislator. 33 State Legislators The following section is a list of all Hawaiʻi State Legislators that have sponsored Climate Change related bills in the 2019 Session. The success rate shows the percentages of the bills that made it to conference from the total climate bills drafted by each legislator.

Rep. Nicole Lowen [D-06] Chair of EEP Number of Bills: 16 Bill Focus: Energy (7), Transportation (3), Emissions (2), Disaster (2), Industry (1), Coastal/Ocean (1) Success Rate: 25%

Sen. Glenn Wakai [D-15] Chair of EET Number of Bills: 9 Bill Focus: Energy (6), Transportation (2), Industry (1)

Success Rate: 33%

Sen. Mike Gabbard [D-20] Chair of AEN Number of Bills: 8 Bill Focus: Industry (4), Energy (2), Transportation (1), Coastal/Ocean (1) Success Rate: 12.5%

Rep. Scott Saiki [D-26] Speaker of the House Number of Bills: 9 Bill Focus: Energy (3), Transportation (3), Emissions (1), Waste (1), Conservation (1) Success Rate: 22%

Sen. Lorraine Inouye [D-04] Chair of TRS Number of Bills: 8 Bill Focus: Transportation (6), Sustainability (1), Energy (1)

Success Rate: 25%

Rep. Ryan Yamane [D-37] Chair of WLH Number of Bills: 7 Bill Focus: Sustainability (2), Emissions (1), Water (1), Conservation (1), Energy (1), Infrastructure (1) Success Rate: 28.6% 34 Sen. Russell Ruderman [D-02] Chair of HMS Number of Bills: 6 Bill Focus: Emissions (2), Energy (1), Transportation (2), Disaster (1)

Success Rate: 0%

Sen. Ronald Kouchi [D-08] President of the Senate Number of Bills: 6 Bill Focus: Energy (4), Transportation (1), Emissions (1)

Success Rate: 16.7%

Sen. Kalani English [D-20] Vice Chair of TEC Number of Bills: 5 Bill Focus: Energy (1), Coastal/Ocean (1), Sustainability (1), Disaster (1), Waste (1) Success Rate: 0%

Sen. Karl Rhoads [D-13] Chair of JDC Number of Bills: 5 Bill Focus: Energy (2), Other (1), Disaster (1), Emissions (1)

Success Rate: 20%

Sen. Gil Riviere [D-23] Number of Bills: 4 Bill Focus: Energy (2), Disaster (1), Industry (1)

Success Rate: 0%

Rep. Ty Cullen [D-39] Chair of LMG Number of Bills: 3 Bill Focus: Disaster (1), Sustainability (1), Energy (1)

Success Rate: 33%

Rep. Sean Quinlan [D-47] Vice Chair of LHE Number of Bills: 3 Bill Focus: Coastal/Ocean (2), Energy (1)

Success Rate: 0%

35 Sen. Donovan Dela Cruz [D-22] Chair of WAM Number of Bills: 3 Bill Focus: Energy (1), Coastal/Ocean (1), Industry (1)

Success Rate: 0%

Sen. Stanley Chang [D-09] Chair of HOU Number of Bills: 3 Bill Focus: Industry (2), Transportation (1)

Success Rate: 0%

Sen. Rosalyn Baker [D-06] Chair of CPH Number of Bills: 3 Bill Focus: Industry (1), Transportation (1), Coastal/Ocean (1)

Success Rate: 0%

Rep. Henry Aquino [D-38] Chair of TRN Number of Bills: 3 Bill Focus: Transportation (3)

Success Rate: 0%

Sen. Kaialiʻi Kahele [D-01] Chair of WTL Number of Bills: 3 Bill Focus: Energy (1), Coastal/Ocean (1), Sustainability (1)

Success Rate: 33%

Rep. Laura Thielen [D-25] Chair of GVO Number of Bills: 3 Bill Focus: Energy (1), Coastal/Ocean (2)

Success Rate: 0%

Rep. Chris Lee [D-47] Chair of JUD Number of Bills: 3 Bill Focus: Disaster (2), Emissions (1)

Success Rate: 33%

36 Rep. Tina Wildberger [D-11] Vice Chair of EEP Number of Bills: 2 Bill Focus: Emissions (1), Coastal/Ocean (1)

Success Rate: 0%

Rep. Amy Perruso [D-46] Number of Bills: 2 Bill Focus: Emissions (1), Agriculture (1)

Success Rate: 0%

Sen. Gilbert Keith-Agaran [D-05] Number of Bills: 2 Bill Focus: Energy (2)

Success Rate: 0%

Rep. Lisa Kitagawa [D-48] Vice Chair of EDP Number of Bills: 2 Bill Focus: Disaster (1), Energy (1)

Success Rate: 0%

Rep. David Tarnas [D-07] Number of Bills: 2 Bill Focus: Disaster (1), Coastal/Ocean (1)

Success Rate: 50%

Rep. Chris Todd [D-02] Vice Chair of WLH Number of Bills: 2 Bill Focus: Energy (1), Conservation (1)

Success Rate: 50%

Rep. Angus McKelvey [D-10] Chair of EDP Number of Bills: 2 Bill Focus: Coastal/Ocean (1), Emissions (1)

Success Rate: 0%

37 Rep. Troy Hashimoto [D-08] Vice Chair of TRN Number of Bills: 1 Bill Focus: Coastal/Ocean

Success Rate: 0%

Rep. Sam Kong [D-33] Number of Bills: 1 Bill Focus: Energy

Success Rate: 0%

Rep. Mark Hashem [D-18] Number of Bills: 1 Bill Focus: Transportation

Success Rate: 0%

Rep. Bertrand Kobayashi [D-19] Vice Chair of HLT Number of Bills: 1 Bill Focus: Disaster

Success Rate: 0%

Rep. Dale Kobayashi [D-23] Vice Chair of IAC Number of Bills: 1 Bill Focus: Disaster

Success Rate: 0%

Rep. Kyle Yamashita [D-12] Number of Bills: 1 Bill Focus: Transportation

Success Rate: 0%

Sen. Clarence Nishihara [D-17] Chair of PSM Number of Bills: 1 Bill Focus: Energy

Success Rate: 0%

38 Sen. Dru Kanuha [D-03] Vice Chair of HOU Number of Bills: 1 Bill Focus: Industry

Success Rate: 0%

Rep. Joy San Buenaventura [D-04] Chair of HSH Number of Bills: 1 Bill Focus: Disaster

Success Rate: 100%

39 Important Documents This section contains summaries about important climate change documents (acts, agreements, reports, etc.) that are key to climate change legislature and advocacy.

40 Aloha+ Challenge Level: Local

The Aloha+ Challenge is a statewide public-private stakeholder initiative that identifies locally and culturally appropriate and relevant goals, metrics and indicators that track Hawaiʻi’s progress toward achieving the global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The 17 SDGs were adopted by all United Nations Member States in 2015, and recognize that ending poverty and other deprivations go hand-in-hand with strategies that improve health, education, inequality, and spur economic growth—all while tackling climate change.

Climate Action Plan Level: Local

A Climate Action Plan (CAP) is a community-specific strategy to combat climate change and eliminate fossil fuel emissions—the root cause of global warming. A CAP lays out a detailed list of programs, policies, and actions that a community must take to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions over a period of several years. The goal of a CAP is to eventually eliminate the use of fossil fuels—particularly oil and coal as soon as possible—for electricity generation and transportation. The four main components of a CAP are ● A local inventory of current annual GHG emissions; ● a series of target emissions reduction goals and dates relative to a baseline year or amount; ● a comprehensive list of actions that will reduce or eliminate carbon pollution to achieve those emission reduction targets. ● community outreach to build awareness and understand priorities concerns from a diverse set of stakeholders and residents

Ola: Oʻahu Resilience Strategy Level: Local

With this Oʻahu Resilience Strategy’s 44 actions directly address the challenge of long-term aﬀordability and the impacts of a climate crisis that is already driving islanders from their homes. Implementing this Strategy will make us economically more self-suﬀicient and safer as island people. This Resilience Strategy was written by the Oʻahu community. Over an 18-month period, grassroots residents and community leaders helped shape and craft the 44 resilience actions that form the body of this strategy and lay a path to a resilient future for Oʻahu.

41 Paris Agreement Related to: H. Con. Res. 15 Level: Global

The Paris Agreement builds upon the Convention and for the first time brings all nations to a common mission to undertake ambitious efforts to combat climate change and adapt to its effects, while enhancing support to assist developing countries to do so. As such, it charts a new course in the global climate effort.

The central aim of the Paris Agreement is to strengthen the global response to the threat of climate change by keeping the global temperature rise this century well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels and to pursue eﬀorts to limit the temperature increase even further to 1.5 degrees Celsius. Additionally, the agreement aims to strengthen the ability of countries to deal with the impacts of climate change. To reach these ambitious goals, appropriate financial flows, a new technology framework and an enhanced capacity building framework will be put in place, thus supporting action by developing and vulnerable countries, in line with their own national objectives. The Agreement also provides for enhanced transparency of action and support through a more robust transparency framework.

Climate Action Now Act Related to: H.R. 9 Level: National

The U.S. is responsible for about 15% of global greenhouse gas emissions, the primary cause of global warming. President Obama formally entered the U.S. into the Paris Agreement in September 2016, during his closing months in oﬀice. Specifically, he committed the U.S. to reduce its emissions by at least -26% below its 2005 levels by 2025. Yet less than a year later in June 2017, President Trump reversed course and announced the U.S. would pull out. Due to provisions in the Agreement specifying details for any participants potentially leaving, the U.S. couldn’t actually withdraw until November 2020 at the earliest. This means we are still bound to the treaty for Trump’s term, no matter what.

The Climate Action Now Act is House Democrats’ legislation to require that the U.S. remain in the Paris Agreement beyond 2020. Specifically, it would prevent the administration from using any federal dollars to withdraw from the deal. Functionally, that’s the same thing as forcing the U.S. to remain in permanently.

42 Green New Deal Related to: S. Res. 59, H. Res. 109 Level: National

This resolution calls for the creation of a Green New Deal with the goals of ● achieving net-zero greenhouse gas emissions; ● establishing millions of high-wage jobs and ensuring economic security for all; ● investing in infrastructure and industry; ● securing clean air and water, climate and community resiliency, healthy food, access to nature, and a sustainable environment for all; and ● promoting justice and equality.

Green Real Deal Related to: H. Res. 288 (for climate-action), H. Res. 398 (against climate action) Level: National

This resolution calls for the creation of a Green Real Deal with the goals of ● achieving robust, economy-wide greenhouse gas emissions reductions; ● creating more clean energy options through a commitment to innovation; ● positioning the United States as a global leader in clean energy, driving global investment in American-made clean energy technologies; ● reducing and modernize regulations to speed deployment of clean energy technologies nationwide and worldwide, and to aﬀirm that the Government should not pick winners and losers; ● empowering individuals, States, and the marketplace to invest in and implement clean energy technologies; and ● ensuring that the infrastructure, communities, and military of the United States are resilient and adapting to long-term environmental, climate, and social change.